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Changes in the aerobic saprophytic microbial flora during biltong production with special reference to the micrococcaceae

- Taylor, M B

  • Authors: Taylor, M B
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Micrococcaceae , Saprophytism
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:4120 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013308
  • Description: Ninety-four presumptive Micrococcus and Staphylococcus strains isolated from both commercial beef biltong and game biltong, were identified using a scheme based on the system used by Baird-Parker. The changes occurring in both the aerobic, saprophytic microbial flora and the environmental factors, during conversion of beef to biltong, were examined. The predominantly Gram-negative, halo-sensitive flora initially present on the meat, was replaced by Gram-positive, halo-tolerant staphylococci and micrococci, which form the dominant component of the microflora of the final product. This replacement was attributed to changing environmental factors, principally to the increasing sodium chloride concentration and associated decline in water activity. The presence of the antifungal antibiotic, pimaricin, during processing did not influence the bacterial flora of the product. However, the addition of potassium sorbate altered the microbial profile of the product significantly. The presence of these two preservatives, at the concentrations used, could not be detected organoleptically. The importance of the saprophytic microflora of the product ln relation to the environmental factors during processing, is also discussed.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Die administratiewe funksionering van bewindsinstellings in die Ciskei met besondere verwysing na plaaslike bestuur

- Groenewald, David Marais

Drummer Hodge : the poetry of the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902)

- Van Wyk Smith, Malvern

  • Authors: Van Wyk Smith, Malvern
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: War poetry -- History and criticism South African War, 1899-1902 -- Literature and the war South African War, 1899-1902 -- Art and the war
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:2252 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003919
  • Description: From Preface: This is not a history of the Boer War; nor is it an exclusively literary study of the poetry of that war. If the work that follows has to be defined generically at all, it may be called an exercise in cultural history. It attempts to assess the impact of a particular war on the literary culture, especially the poetry, of both the participants and the observers, whether in South Africa, in Britain and the rest of the English-speaking world, or in Europe. An assumption made throughout this study is that war poetry is not only verse written by men who are or have been under fire. Just as 'War poetry is not to be confused with political, polemical, or patriotic verse, although it can contain elements of all of these, so it is also the work of observers at home as much as that of soldiers at the front. It follows that I have not allowed myself the academic luxury of selecting, on the basis of literary merit only, a handful of outstanding war poems for rigorous analysis and discussion. "Doggerel can express the heart" wrote one of these late-Victorian soldierly versifiers, and I have roamed widely in the attempt to assemble the material which, I believe, records the full range of the impact that the Boer War made not only on Briton and Boer, but on the worId at large. A major thesis of this study is that the Boer War marked the clear emergence of the kind of war poetry which we have come to associate almost exclusively with the First World War. Poems in the style and spirit of "The Charge of the Light Brigade" were written in profusion, but the work which serves as this study's masthead, Hardy's "Drummer Hodge," clearly has --like many of its contemporaries-- more in common with Owen's verse than with Tennyson's. The reasons for the appearance of such poetry are discussed in Chapter 1; the rest of the book provides the evidence of it.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Farm labour in the Eastern Cape, 1950-1973:

- Antrobus, Geoffrey G

  • Authors: Antrobus, Geoffrey G
  • Date: 1976
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142850 , vital:38123 , http://opensaldru.uct.ac.za/bitstream/handle/11090/465/1976_antrobus_sflcp20.pdf?sequence=1
  • Description: The purpose of this paper is to, survey the farm labour conditions in the Eastern Cape over approximately two decades and to note some of the conditions of service and the attitudes of employers, and the changes which have occurred in employment and wages paid. The main source for the latter period, and in particular 1973, is a farm labour survey conducted in conjunction with E.A. Thomson in the Eastern Cape. The survey relied entirely on the willingness of members of farm study groups and Farmers' Associations as well as interested individuals for its completion. Of the approximately 1020 pre-coded questionnaires which were posted to farmers throughout the Eastern Cape in June 1973, 303 were returned of which 299 were suitable for analysis.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

From frontier to midlands: a history of the Graaff-Reinet district, 1786-1910

- Smith, Kenneth Wyndham

  • Authors: Smith, Kenneth Wyndham
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Graaff-Reinet (South Africa) -- History
  • Language: English
  • Type: Book , Text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2656 , vital:20313 , ISBN 0949980730
  • Description: The study of local history in South Africa is still in its infancy and has not been accorded the same recognition as elsewhere. There is no convenient manual to guide the would-be local historian of the Cape. There are few models that provide an insight into the main problems encountered by the local historian of a Cape community. In such local histories as exist, attention has been focussed predominantly on the foundation and physical growth of towns, the naming of streets, the establishment of schools and hospitals. Many of these accounts were written for publicity purposes or to commemorate the founding of towns. Although there is no history of the Dutch Reformed Church in Graaff-Reinet, the history of local congregations of the Dutch Reformed Church has generally been well covered in the form of Gedenkboeke and other studies. These frequently have a particular relevance as many towns such as Burgersdorp and Colesberg were founded as a result of the initiative of the church. Preface. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Geology of the Elisenheim area, Windhoek district, South West Africa, with special reference to the Matchless amphibolite belt

- Finnemore, S H

  • Authors: Finnemore, S H
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Matchless Copper Mine (Namibia) , Geology, Structural -- Namibia , Amphibolite -- Namibia , Geology -- Namibia
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5053 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011864
  • Description: The Elisenheim area is situated just north of Windhoek within the Windhoek Formation of the Swakop Subgroup and is underlain by monotonous succession of semi-pelitic schists with intercalations of amphibolite, talc schist, graphitic schist and marble. Petrographic studies on units of the Matchless amphibolite which outcrop in the south of the property, have resulted in the recognition of three different types of amphibolite, namely, epidote amphibolite, porphyroblastic amphibolite and chlorite-amphibole schist. Amphibole porphyroblasts generally display patchy and zonal intergrowths of hornblende and actinolite which are indicative of non-equilibration during prograde metamorphism. Talc schists have been mapped in the north of the property. All lithotypes have undergone three phases of deformation (Fl, FZ, F3) which terminated with the faulting which underlies the Klein Windhoek, Dobra, Tigenschlücht and Kuruma rivers. Medium grade regional metamorphism accompanied F 1, F Z and F 3 and outlasted the latter. Mineral assemblages throughout the area are those of the amphibolite facies and P, T conditions prevailing during metamorphism are estimated to have been at least 5 kb at ~ 550° C. Petrochemical evidence indicates that the Matchless amphibolites are igneous in origin and genetically related to the ultrabasic talc schists. They are similar in composition to oceanic tholeiites and are thought to have been extruded subaqueously.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Grazing sequence pattern and species selection by cattle in the Dohne sourveld

- Daines, Thomas

  • Authors: Daines, Thomas
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Grasses -- Research -- South Africa -- Cape of Good Hope , Grasses -- South Africa -- Cape of Good Hope -- Identification , Grazing -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:4257 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010955
  • Description: A detailed investigation into the harvesting of the standing grass crop within camps by cattle showed the following: 1. Cattle have a definite order of preference for the components of the Dohne Sourveld grass sward. The most palatable species in order of preference (based on Corrected Species Importance rating) are Themeda triandra, Tristachya hispida, Andropogon appendiculatus, Alloteropsis semialata and Heteropogon contortus. The least preferred species is Elionurus argenteus. 2. The key species, which is defined as the most abundant and productive palatable species, has been identified as Themeda triandra. 3. In harvesting the grass crop, cattle not only have a set preference for species, but also have a set grazing sequence pattern. This can be divided into three main phases. On entering the camp the animals first select the species of their choice, "creaming" these plants (grazed less than 50%) to obtain the most nutritious feed. In their daily search for food they spread their grazing over an increasingly wider area and over a wider range of species. When they can no longer obtain their daily requirements from this "creaming" operation of the more preferred species they return to the most preferred species , which are then heavily grazed (more than 50%) producing the common pattern of area grazing within a camp. These areas increase in size as the cattle graze down the species of their choice, moving to less preferred species as soon as they can no longer obtain their daily intake requirements from the more preferred species. Finally when they have no alternative they graze the least preferred species. 4. Increasing the stocking density does not alter the grazing sequence pattern or change the order of preference for the component species in the sward. It only increases the rate of utilization of the more preferred species and the various phases in the grazing sequence pattern are reached more rapidly. 5. At higher stocking densities the palatable species are more evenly utilized than at lower stocking densities. 6. Cattle graze a greater variety of species when the sward is young and actively growing. As the maturity of the sward increases the cattle concentrate on the more preferred species and are more selective in their grazing. However, their order of preference remains the same. Species that are highly preferred early in the season retain their ranking when the sward is mature. The only exception to this rule is Alloteropsis semialata. Early in the growing season this species is high on the preference list, but as it matures less is taken until when fully mature, it is rejected by cattle. 7. Elionurus argenteus is the least preferred of all the species in the Dohne Sourveld. Cattle will graze this plant as a last resort when grazing a camp early in the season, but reject the plant when it is fully mature. 8. To retain vigour and production of the Dohne Sourveld results of this investigation support the view that grazing management should be based on the principle of controlled selective grazing. Having shown that the more preferred species are over-utilized when attempting to utilize the least preferred species any grazing management that calls for total utilization of all standing vegetation should be rejected. 9. The results of this investigation supports a multicamp system for the Dohne Sourveld where high stocking densities are employed. This will result in the rapid and even utilization of the more preferred species. Management should be based on short period of stay and long period of absence. Cattle should be moved as soon as the key species have been well utilized, but not overgrazed. Cattle should only be returned to the camp when key species have made adequate regrowth following grazing. 10. A method, that is simple to use, is proposed for determining utilization of the veld and key species at different times of the year using the relationship between percentage of ungrazed plants and utilization of the sward and of Themeda triandra, the key grazing species in the sward. 11. Results show that when rested camps are grazed after May, the number of Themeda triandra inflorescences are drastically reduced. Veld that is specifically rested for the production of Themeda triandra seed should be rested from March of the year preceding expected seeding.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Pre-release studies on Zophodia Tapiacola (Dyar) (Pyralidae : Lepidoptera) : a biological control agent against jointed cactus, Optuntia Aurantiaca Lindley

- Hoffmann, John Hugh

  • Authors: Hoffmann, John Hugh
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Pyralidae , Lepidoptera , Cactus , Weeds -- Biological control , Opuntia
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5857 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012320 , Pyralidae , Lepidoptera , Cactus , Weeds -- Biological control , Opuntia
  • Description: Jointed Cactus, Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley (see frontispiece), is the most important weed plant in South Africa, infesting approximately, 1,2 X 10¹° M² and costing approximately R240 000 per annum. Tordon herbicide effectively kills jointed cactus bushes to which it is applied. However, apart from being expensive and damaging to beneficial vegetation, spray programmes have not successfully controlled the weed because most small O. aurantiaca plants are impossible to detect in the field. Biological control may provide a solution to the problem. Two insects, the cochineal bug, Dactylopius austrinus De Lotto and the pyralid moth, Cactoblastis cactorum Berg., already exercise a degree of control over the weed. The introduction into South Africa of other natural enemies such as Zophodia tapiacola (Dyar) from Argentina, South America, may reduce the density of jointed cactus to below an acceptable economic threshold. Any insect considered for release should not colonise and destroy beneficial plants of which the culivated spineless cacti are the most vulnerable. Pre-release studies on Z. tapiacola have shown that it can only colonise a few species of low growing cacti and that it will not damage the large spineless cacti or other desirable plants. Further, the moths are relatively fecund and each larva destroys significant amounts of O. aurantiaca during its development. Consequently, Z. tapiacola is not only considered safe for release but it has the potential to act as a successful biological control agent of O. aurantiaca in South Africa.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Psychology in the second person : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University

- Kruger, Dreyer

  • Authors: Kruger, Dreyer
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Psychology -- United States -- Philosophy
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:645 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020714 , ISBN 0949980706
  • Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Reaction phenomena between Karroo Dolerite and cave sandstone xenoliths in the Bird's River complex

- Kenyon, A K

  • Authors: Kenyon, A K
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Volcanic ash, tuff, etc , Igneous rocks -- Inclusions , Sandstone
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:4996 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005608
  • Description: Mapping of the north-eastern portion of the Bird1s River Complex revealed that two large xenoliths composed of pyroclastic rocks and sandstone of the Cave Sandstone Stage have reacted with the dolerite. All the reaction phenomena normally associated with Karroo Dolerite are encountered. These are: (a) Metasomatism during the stage of iron enrichment of the dolerite with the production of a pyroxene-plagioclase metasomatic granophyre (b) Metasomatism during the stage of alkali enrichment of the dolerite with the production of a potassium feldspar adinole C c) Assimilation 'vi th the production of contaminated doleri tes Cd) Fusion 'vi th the production of glassy rocks including buchi tes (e) The production of rheomorphic veins
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Reading the signs : inaugural address delivered at Rhodes University

- Seagrief, S C

  • Authors: Seagrief, S C
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Botany -- South Africa , Marine algae -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:667 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020736 , ISBN 0949980749
  • Description: Inaugural address delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Rhodeo, Vol. 30, No. 2

  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:14670 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019542
  • Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Rhodeo: 1976 - SRC Election Supplement.pdf

  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:14668 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019540
  • Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Rhodeo: 1976 - SRC Election Supplement.pdf

  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Identifier: vital:14667 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019539
  • Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1976

- Rhodes University

  • Authors: Rhodes University
  • Date: 1976
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: vital:8110 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004565
  • Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday 9th April 1976 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday 10th April 1976 at 10:30 a.m.in the University Great Hall.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Self-esteem of coloured and white scholars and students in South Africa

- Momberg, Allan

  • Authors: Momberg, Allan
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Self-esteem in children , Self-esteem -- Cross-cultural studies
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3217 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012876
  • Description: A measure of the self-esteem of 426 subjects was obtained by means of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. The sample comprised two Afrikaans, two Coloured and two English groups. Each of the above three groups was made up of pupils and students, (i. e. there were six separate sample groups). The major purpose of this study was to ascertain whether or not the Coloureds could be said to differ meaningfully from their White counterparts with regard to their general level of self-esteem. A secondary objective was to investigate the possibility of the Afrikaans and English groups differing in self-esteem. No significant differences were found to exist between any of the three student sample groups. The ranking of the mean self-esteem scores of these groups was: Afrikaans (highest), Coloured, English (lowest). The only groups that differed significantly from one another at the pupil level were the Afrikaans and the Coloureds. Their ranking was: Afrikaans (highest), English, Coloured (lowest). The prediction arising from the hypothesis of this study was that the Coloureds do not necessarily differ from Whites in their general level of self-esteem. This view is held because factors similar to those which are believed to have facilitated the rise in the self-esteem of the American Negroes are now operating in South Africa. It was concluded that this prediction was upheld.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Some problems of dialect lexicography with particular reference to the preparation of a draft of an illustrative, experientially categorised Dictionary of South African English

- Branford, Jean

  • Authors: Branford, Jean
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: English language -- Provincialisms -- South Africa -- Dictionaries English language -- South Africa English language -- Lexicography -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:3626 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009689
  • Description: This dissertation consists in essence of an experiment and a commentary upon it. The text which constitutes Part II is a lexicographical experiment incorporating some features and treatments not usual in lexicography, and Part I consists of a discussion of the problems encountered, principles applied and procedures followed. Neither the matter nor the manner of the experiment, however, lends itself in the present state of our knowledge to the fully impersonal objectivity that is often claimed for the experiments in the physical sciences. At the same time every effort has been made to establish an unbiased record of the data and to maintain a certain methodological consistency. The main experimental feature of Part II is that it is an attempt to combine an orthodox, alphabetical dictionary with an experiential categorisation of the vocabulary, without repeating the entire data for each type of treatment. This has been done by means of a series of numbered, classified word-lists with a limited subject index as a guide to their use. The entries themselves, instead of being repeated in the order of their classification, are numbered according to the category or categories to which the word defined belongs. It can then, by means of its number(s), be found in its own lexical or experiential set (or sets) in the categorised section. This part of the work might be better described as lexicology rather than lexicography but does, I think, prove itself to be a useful adjunct to the A - Z lexicon proper. Apart from the detailed categorisation system the text contains three features not normally included in dictionaries of small compass: illustrative quotations, etymologies and a number of tentative parallels between South African and other varieties of English by means of cross-references to items of similar or related meaning or form in the English of Australia, Canada, the U.S.A., Hong Kong, Anglo-India and other 'overseas' English speech communities. Introduction, p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Cape and Karoo Sequences in the Eastern Cape Province

- Johnson, M R

  • Authors: Johnson, M R
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Sediments (Geology) -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Geology, Stratigraphic Sedimentology
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5004 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005617
  • Description: The Cape Supergroup (Sequence) comprises three groups, embracing a total of twenty-three formations, with a maximum combined thickness of approximately 8 km. The Table Mountain Group consists of medium-grained (occasionally fine- or coarse-grained), "clean", ultra-quartzose sandstone plus subordinate fine-grained, "dirty", subfeldspathic to feldspathic sandstone, mudrock, and rhythmitite. Average total thickness is about 3000 m. The Bokkeveld Group is composed of mudrock, rhythmitite and subordinate subfeldspathic to feldspathic sandstone (generally fine-grained and "dirty"), with a maximum total thickness of over 3000 m. The Witteberg Group comprises fine- to medium-grained ultra-quartzose sandstone, icaceous streaky rhythmitite, mudrock, and one thin diamictite unit; total thickness is about 1700 m. The strata belonging to the Cape Supergroup appear to have been largely deposited under marine conditions in environments ranging from outer shelf to beach. Deltaic deposits are,however, common in the upper part of the Bokkeveld Group and the Witteberg Group, while the main sandstone units in the upper third of the Table Mountain Group may have accumulated on a coastal alluvial plain. Deposition took place in a basin elongated in an east-west direction, with the palaeoslope inclined towards the south. Palaeocurrents were generally directed down the palaeoslope, but westerly 1 transport directions parallel to the palaeostrike and presumed shoreline are present in both the Table Mountain and Witteberg Groups. I The sedimentary rocks o~ the Karoo Sequence are subdivided into two groups (containing a total of eleven formations) and four ungrouped formations. Using the maximum thicknesses of the individual formations, a combined total thickness of about 12 km can be calculated. The sequence commences with the Dwyka Tillite, a 700-m-thick diamictite unit. The overlying Ecca Group consists of "varved" rhythmitite, dark, massive, fine- to very fine-grained ultra-lithofeldspathic sandstone and subordinate mudrock with a total thickness of 2000 - 3000 m. The Beaufort Group is composed of thick mudstone layers alternating with thinner fine-grained ultra-lithofeldspathic, lithofeldspathic and lithic sandstones, with the exception of the Katberg Formation which consists largely of sandstone. Fining-upward cycles are ubiquitous, while red mudstone is com~on, especially in the upper half of the group. A maximum thickness of about 6000 m was obtained in the East London area. The Molteno Formation Consists of up to 600 m of alternating fine- to coarse-grained sublithic sandstones (frequently pebbly) and grey mudstones, generally forming finingupward cycles. The Elliot Formation (up to 500 m thick) consists of red and grey mUdstones and subordinate fine-grained lithofeldspathic sandstones arranged in fining-upward cycles. The bulk of the Clarens Sandstone consists of very fine-grained massive (occasionally cross-bedded) sandstone, with a maximum thickness of 300 m. The Drakensberg Group, consisting of up to 1200 m of basalt with some pyroclastic intercalations near the base, caps the Karoo sedimentary succession. The deposition of the Dwyka Tillite by glacier action coincided with a major change from the generally shallow marine conditions which characterised the sedimentation of the Cape Supergroup (with the source area located on the craton to the north of the basin) to a deep linear trough receiving clastic sediments from a source area situated south and south-east of the basin. The Ecca Group,the lower half of which is characterised by the presence of "proximal" turbidite sandstones, records the gradual infilling of this basin, with deltaic conditions developing in the upper part of the group in the western half of the study area (i.e. in the Waterford Formation). The overlying strata were virtually all deposited under fluviatile conditions, the chief exceptions being a stratigraphic interval within the lower half of the Beaufort Group which appears to have formed in a large body of water, a~d the aeolian Clarens Sandstone. The fluviatile sediments were all deposite1 by rivers flowin~ towards the north and nort~-west, while the Clarens Sandstone was laid down by winds blowing from the west. The Ecca and Beaufort Group sandstones are characterised by a high rock fragment content with "felsit ic" gra ins being a prc;>minent constituent. This, together with the relative abundance of quartzfeldspar porphyry pebbles in the Katberg Sandstone unit (Beaufort Group) near East London, indicates that volcanic material probably formed a prominent part of the post-Dwyka Karoo provenance.
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  • Date Issued: 1976

The artist and the technological society: a survey of attitudes in the wake of scientific and industrial revolution

- Baker, Claerwen Glenys

  • Authors: Baker, Claerwen Glenys
  • Date: 1976
  • Subjects: Art and technology Art, Modern -- 20th century -- History
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
  • Identifier: vital:2472 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009499
  • Description: One of the most frequently repeated questions of our time is what is art? Since we have become conditioned to the idea that ''significant art - a much overworked modern term - belongs to the revolutionary avant-garde, artists carry their search for the new at all costs into the field of non art. P.1
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  • Date Issued: 1976

The crystal and molecular structure of the bis(4-N, N1-dimethylaminopyridine) solvate of disalicylicacidatobis(nitrotodioxouranium)(VI)

- Nassimbeni, L R, Rodgers, Allen L, Haigh, John M

  • Authors: Nassimbeni, L R , Rodgers, Allen L , Haigh, John M
  • Date: 1976
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:6415 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006526
  • Description: The structure of the title compound [(C7H4NO8U)(C7H11N2)]2 has been determined by Patterson and Fourier methods from single crystal X-ray diffraction data collected on a four-circle diffractometer. Full-matrix least-squares refinement yielded a final conventional R of 0.041 for 2189 reflections. The complex crystallizes in the space group P with a = 11.004(5), b = 9.981(5), c = 9.928(5) Å, α = 119.6(3), β = 107.7(3), γ = 81.9(3)°, Dm = 2.17, Dc = 2.173g cm−3. The structure is dimeric. The uranium atoms are eight-coordinate and are bridged via centrosymmetrically related carboxylic oxygen atoms. The nitrate group is bidentate and the average U---O (ligand) distance is 2.463 Å. Hydrogen bonding of the type N---HO links two dimethyl-aminopyridine molecules to the dimer.
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  • Date Issued: 1976
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