APDUSA Views
- Date: 2005-12
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33526 , vital:32883 , Bulk File 7
- Description: APDUSA Views was published by the African People’s Democratic Union of Southern Africa (Natal), an affiliate of the New Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-12
- Date: 2005-12
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33526 , vital:32883 , Bulk File 7
- Description: APDUSA Views was published by the African People’s Democratic Union of Southern Africa (Natal), an affiliate of the New Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-12
The Educational Journal
- Date: 2005-12
- Subjects: Economics -- South Africa , South Africa -- Economic conditions , South Africa -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38269 , vital:34539 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa. From the 2000s, the journal was published by the National Union of Public Service and Allied Workers (NUPSAW), a trade union formed in August 1998 from the amalgamation of militant and moderate trade unions and also operated in the education sphere.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-12
- Date: 2005-12
- Subjects: Economics -- South Africa , South Africa -- Economic conditions , South Africa -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38269 , vital:34539 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa. From the 2000s, the journal was published by the National Union of Public Service and Allied Workers (NUPSAW), a trade union formed in August 1998 from the amalgamation of militant and moderate trade unions and also operated in the education sphere.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-12
New Unity Movement Bulletin
- Date: 2005-09
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31776 , vital:31753 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Bulletin was the official newsletter of the New Unity Movement. It was published about twice a year and contained articles reflecting the organisation's views on resistance to the Apartheid government.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-09
- Date: 2005-09
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31776 , vital:31753 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Bulletin was the official newsletter of the New Unity Movement. It was published about twice a year and contained articles reflecting the organisation's views on resistance to the Apartheid government.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-09
The Educational Journal
- Date: 2005-06
- Subjects: Education – South Africa , South Africa – Economic conditions , South Africa – Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38299 , vital:34545 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa. From the 2000s, the journal was published by the National Union of Public Service and Allied Workers (NUPSAW), a trade union formed in August 1998 from the amalgamation of militant and moderate trade unions and also operated in the education sphere.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-06
- Date: 2005-06
- Subjects: Education – South Africa , South Africa – Economic conditions , South Africa – Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38299 , vital:34545 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa. From the 2000s, the journal was published by the National Union of Public Service and Allied Workers (NUPSAW), a trade union formed in August 1998 from the amalgamation of militant and moderate trade unions and also operated in the education sphere.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-06
New Unity Movement Bulletin
- Date: 2005-05
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31756 , vital:31743 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Bulletin was the official newsletter of the New Unity Movement. It was published about twice a year and contained articles reflecting the organisation's views on resistance to the Apartheid government.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-05
- Date: 2005-05
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31756 , vital:31743 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Bulletin was the official newsletter of the New Unity Movement. It was published about twice a year and contained articles reflecting the organisation's views on resistance to the Apartheid government.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-05
New Unity Movement Presidential Address
- Date: 2005-04
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32590 , vital:32138 , Bulk File 7
- Description: Presidential Addresses were delivered at each Annual conference of the New Unity Movement. This collection, though incomplete, has 18 items ranging from 1989 to 2013.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-04
- Date: 2005-04
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32590 , vital:32138 , Bulk File 7
- Description: Presidential Addresses were delivered at each Annual conference of the New Unity Movement. This collection, though incomplete, has 18 items ranging from 1989 to 2013.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-04
The Educational Journal
- Date: 2005-03
- Subjects: Education – South Africa , South Africa – Economic conditions , South Africa – Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38369 , vital:34738 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa. From the 2000s, the journal was published by the National Union of Public Service and Allied Workers (NUPSAW), a trade union formed in August 1998 from the amalgamation of militant and moderate trade unions and also operated in the education sphere.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-03
- Date: 2005-03
- Subjects: Education – South Africa , South Africa – Economic conditions , South Africa – Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/38369 , vital:34738 , Bulk File 7
- Description: The Educational Journal was the official organ of the Teachers' League of South Africa and focussed on education within the context of a racialized South Africa. From the 2000s, the journal was published by the National Union of Public Service and Allied Workers (NUPSAW), a trade union formed in August 1998 from the amalgamation of militant and moderate trade unions and also operated in the education sphere.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2005-03
"The French Imperial Nation-State":
- Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161376 , vital:40621
- Description: Book Review. The French Imperial Nation-State. By G Wilder (2005).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161376 , vital:40621
- Description: Book Review. The French Imperial Nation-State. By G Wilder (2005).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
African universities and the challenges of a developmental state
- Authors: Pandor, Naledi
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Academic Freedom -- South Africa Universities and colleges -- South Africa Equality Liberty Education and state -- South Africa Education, Higher -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/729 , vital:19985
- Description: Universities do not exist in vacuum; they are a fundamental part of the development structures of any society in which they exist. History has shown that it is impossible for universities to seek isolation or insulation from social forces that influence progress and development. In the developing world our experience of under development, colonialism and poverty creates a complex set of challenges to which governments, universities and other institutions must find adequate responses.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Pandor, Naledi
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Academic Freedom -- South Africa Universities and colleges -- South Africa Equality Liberty Education and state -- South Africa Education, Higher -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/729 , vital:19985
- Description: Universities do not exist in vacuum; they are a fundamental part of the development structures of any society in which they exist. History has shown that it is impossible for universities to seek isolation or insulation from social forces that influence progress and development. In the developing world our experience of under development, colonialism and poverty creates a complex set of challenges to which governments, universities and other institutions must find adequate responses.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Agroforestry tree products (AFTPs): Targeting poverty reduction and enhanced livelihoods
- Leakey, Roger R, Tchoundjeu, Zac, Schreckenberg, Kate, Shackleton, Sheona E, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Leakey, Roger R , Tchoundjeu, Zac , Schreckenberg, Kate , Shackleton, Sheona E , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182136 , vital:43803 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2005.9684741"
- Description: Agroforestry tree domestication emerged as a farmer-driven, market-led process in the early 1990s and became an international initiative. A participatory approach now supplements the more traditional aspects of tree improvement, and is seen as an important strategy towards the Millennium Development Goals of eradicating poverty and hunger, promoting social equity and environmental sustainability. Considerable progress has been made towards the domestication of indigenous fruits and nuts in many villages in Cameroon and Nigeria. Vegetatively-propagated cultivars based on a sound knowledge of ‘ideotypes’ derived from an understanding of the tree-to-tree variation in many commercially important traits are being developed by farmers. These are being integrated into polycultural farming systems, especially the cocoa agroforests. Markets for Agroforestry Tree Products (AFTPs) are crucial for the adoption of agroforestry on a scale to have meaningful economic, social and environmental impacts. Important lessons have been learned in southern Africa from detailed studies of the commercialization of AFTPs. These provide support for the wider acceptance of the role of domesticating indigenous trees in the promotion of enhanced livelihoods for poor farmers in the tropics. Policy guidelines have been developed in support of this sustainable rural development as an alternative strategy to those proposed in many other major development and conservation fora.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Leakey, Roger R , Tchoundjeu, Zac , Schreckenberg, Kate , Shackleton, Sheona E , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182136 , vital:43803 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2005.9684741"
- Description: Agroforestry tree domestication emerged as a farmer-driven, market-led process in the early 1990s and became an international initiative. A participatory approach now supplements the more traditional aspects of tree improvement, and is seen as an important strategy towards the Millennium Development Goals of eradicating poverty and hunger, promoting social equity and environmental sustainability. Considerable progress has been made towards the domestication of indigenous fruits and nuts in many villages in Cameroon and Nigeria. Vegetatively-propagated cultivars based on a sound knowledge of ‘ideotypes’ derived from an understanding of the tree-to-tree variation in many commercially important traits are being developed by farmers. These are being integrated into polycultural farming systems, especially the cocoa agroforests. Markets for Agroforestry Tree Products (AFTPs) are crucial for the adoption of agroforestry on a scale to have meaningful economic, social and environmental impacts. Important lessons have been learned in southern Africa from detailed studies of the commercialization of AFTPs. These provide support for the wider acceptance of the role of domesticating indigenous trees in the promotion of enhanced livelihoods for poor farmers in the tropics. Policy guidelines have been developed in support of this sustainable rural development as an alternative strategy to those proposed in many other major development and conservation fora.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An embracing Africanism:
- Authors: Strelitz, Larry N
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159266 , vital:40282 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC146405
- Description: "African journalism" is a composite term, each element of which is problematic, and is open to differing interpretations. I'll deal with each in turn. An identity of any sort is always relational. Thus "Africa" and things "African" have meaning in relation to what is non-African - usually European or American.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Strelitz, Larry N
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159266 , vital:40282 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC146405
- Description: "African journalism" is a composite term, each element of which is problematic, and is open to differing interpretations. I'll deal with each in turn. An identity of any sort is always relational. Thus "Africa" and things "African" have meaning in relation to what is non-African - usually European or American.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Attaining a better society: critical reflections on what it means to be 'developed'
- Authors: Matthews, Sally
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142509 , vital:38086 , DOI: 10.3167/004058105780929228
- Description: It is clear from these and other definitions that development, no matter how it is conceived, involves change. However, it is also clear that not all change constitutes development. A particular change could be part of a process of development, but could also be part of several other processes, such as those of alteration, modification, deformation, adaptation, regression, degradation and the like. Thus it is necessary to differentiate between changes that can be said to be part of a process of development, and those that cannot. In an attempt to make such a distinction and in line with the above-mentioned definitions of development one could say that changes that are part of development are changes that bring about increased likeness to some more advanced or better state of being. A six-year-old child who, after years of talking, becomes mute is regressing rather than developing; and a child whose behaviour changes such that she begins to act like a dog would be considered to be in some kind of disordered state. However, when a child’s behaviour undergoes changes that lead to increased similarity to some conception of adult behaviour, then that child can be said to be developing. When assessing whether changes in a child’s behaviour constitute development, or some other kind of process, one has to have in mind some conception of what the child ought to be becoming.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Matthews, Sally
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142509 , vital:38086 , DOI: 10.3167/004058105780929228
- Description: It is clear from these and other definitions that development, no matter how it is conceived, involves change. However, it is also clear that not all change constitutes development. A particular change could be part of a process of development, but could also be part of several other processes, such as those of alteration, modification, deformation, adaptation, regression, degradation and the like. Thus it is necessary to differentiate between changes that can be said to be part of a process of development, and those that cannot. In an attempt to make such a distinction and in line with the above-mentioned definitions of development one could say that changes that are part of development are changes that bring about increased likeness to some more advanced or better state of being. A six-year-old child who, after years of talking, becomes mute is regressing rather than developing; and a child whose behaviour changes such that she begins to act like a dog would be considered to be in some kind of disordered state. However, when a child’s behaviour undergoes changes that lead to increased similarity to some conception of adult behaviour, then that child can be said to be developing. When assessing whether changes in a child’s behaviour constitute development, or some other kind of process, one has to have in mind some conception of what the child ought to be becoming.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Bastards and bodies in Zoë Wicomb’s David’s Story:
- Authors: Marais, Mike
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144264 , vital:38326 , https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0021989405056969
- Description: The Population Registration Act of 1950, in the apartheid period of South African history, defined a coloured person as “a person who is not a White person or a Black”. In differentiating coloured from white, coloured from black, and black from white, somatic appearance obviously played a crucial role. So, for instance, a white person was defined as “a person who (a) in appearance obviously is a White person, and who is not generally accepted as a Coloured person; or (b) is generally accepted as a White person and is not in appearance obviously not a White person”.1 It follows that the body of the individual was read as a signifier of racial identity, a hermeneutic practice still prevalent in present-day South Africa. My argument in this essay is that Zoë Wicomb’s David’s Story2 shows how the trope of “pure blood” in the discourse of race not only reduces the body of the individual coloured person to a material sign of racial difference, but also inscribes a history of shame on that body.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Marais, Mike
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144264 , vital:38326 , https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0021989405056969
- Description: The Population Registration Act of 1950, in the apartheid period of South African history, defined a coloured person as “a person who is not a White person or a Black”. In differentiating coloured from white, coloured from black, and black from white, somatic appearance obviously played a crucial role. So, for instance, a white person was defined as “a person who (a) in appearance obviously is a White person, and who is not generally accepted as a Coloured person; or (b) is generally accepted as a White person and is not in appearance obviously not a White person”.1 It follows that the body of the individual was read as a signifier of racial identity, a hermeneutic practice still prevalent in present-day South Africa. My argument in this essay is that Zoë Wicomb’s David’s Story2 shows how the trope of “pure blood” in the discourse of race not only reduces the body of the individual coloured person to a material sign of racial difference, but also inscribes a history of shame on that body.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Book Review:‘These Traits Portend’: review of Thabo Mbeki and the Struggle for the Soul of the ANC by William Mervyn Gumede
- Authors: Wright, Laurence
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: vital:7049 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007391 , https://www.researchgate.net/publication/29807204_Book_Review_'These_Traits_Portend'_Review_of_Thabo_Mbeki_and_the_Struggle_for_the_Soul_of_the_ANC_by_William_Mervyn_Gumede_Cape_Town_Zebra_Press_2005
- Description: preprint , “The identity of the old ANC is changing fast and its soul is becoming harder to locate” – so writes William Gumede in his best-selling account of the Mbeki presidency. This is a thoroughly admirable book, critical, informed and deeply concerned with the welfare of the people of South Africa, especially the poor – with no taint of political hagiography. The central plank of the critique concerns the ANC’s management of the economy. Gumede’s account of the genesis of GEAR and the devious way it was sprung on the tri-partite alliance is illuminating. It was done under the rubric of necessary modernization, according to Gumede, and allegiance to the Blair/Schroeder Third Way. But there were huge ancillary consequences: the loss of influence by the ordinary ANC membership, neglect of branch activity, sidelining of the parliamentary caucus, centralization of policy development in the office of the president, increasing reliance on consultants and relentless cosying up to big business.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Wright, Laurence
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: vital:7049 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007391 , https://www.researchgate.net/publication/29807204_Book_Review_'These_Traits_Portend'_Review_of_Thabo_Mbeki_and_the_Struggle_for_the_Soul_of_the_ANC_by_William_Mervyn_Gumede_Cape_Town_Zebra_Press_2005
- Description: preprint , “The identity of the old ANC is changing fast and its soul is becoming harder to locate” – so writes William Gumede in his best-selling account of the Mbeki presidency. This is a thoroughly admirable book, critical, informed and deeply concerned with the welfare of the people of South Africa, especially the poor – with no taint of political hagiography. The central plank of the critique concerns the ANC’s management of the economy. Gumede’s account of the genesis of GEAR and the devious way it was sprung on the tri-partite alliance is illuminating. It was done under the rubric of necessary modernization, according to Gumede, and allegiance to the Blair/Schroeder Third Way. But there were huge ancillary consequences: the loss of influence by the ordinary ANC membership, neglect of branch activity, sidelining of the parliamentary caucus, centralization of policy development in the office of the president, increasing reliance on consultants and relentless cosying up to big business.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Cholera in KwaZulu-Natal: Probing institutional governmentality and indigenous hand-washing practices
- Authors: O'Donoghue, Rob B
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/373574 , vital:66704 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122699"
- Description: The paper reviews education activities in a successful anti-cholera campaign amongst rural communities in eastern southern Africa. It is centred on probing how a modern institutional governmentality was relatively blind to an historical legacy of Nguni hand-washing practices and came to exclude use of simple tests for coliform contamination in rural health education activities. The study examines institutional processes, probing discontinuities between the health education message and the complex social ecology of cholera. In so doing, it uncovers how a post-apartheid institutional rhetoric of participation, empowerment and social transformation is playing out in communicative interventions to instil healthier practices amongst the rural poor. Institutional perspectives such as this are rooted in an institutional legacy of appropriation and control. Despite the current rhetoric of participation, instrumental orientations are being sustained as the radical critique of struggle for freedom and change gives way, through comfortable submission and intellectual conformity, to an instrumental conservatism in many post-apartheid institutional settings today. The study notes and probes a surprising resonance between the ecology of the disease and an intergenerational social capital of indigenous hand-washing practices. The evidence suggests that these patterns of hand-washing practice would have served to contain the disease in earlier times and points to this social capital as a focus for co-engaged action on environment and health concerns. The findings suggest that an opposing of institutional and indigenous knowledge is not a simple matter and that moving beyond a legacy of cultural exclusion and marginalisation remains a challenge as the first decade of post-apartheid democratic governance comes to a close.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: O'Donoghue, Rob B
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/373574 , vital:66704 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122699"
- Description: The paper reviews education activities in a successful anti-cholera campaign amongst rural communities in eastern southern Africa. It is centred on probing how a modern institutional governmentality was relatively blind to an historical legacy of Nguni hand-washing practices and came to exclude use of simple tests for coliform contamination in rural health education activities. The study examines institutional processes, probing discontinuities between the health education message and the complex social ecology of cholera. In so doing, it uncovers how a post-apartheid institutional rhetoric of participation, empowerment and social transformation is playing out in communicative interventions to instil healthier practices amongst the rural poor. Institutional perspectives such as this are rooted in an institutional legacy of appropriation and control. Despite the current rhetoric of participation, instrumental orientations are being sustained as the radical critique of struggle for freedom and change gives way, through comfortable submission and intellectual conformity, to an instrumental conservatism in many post-apartheid institutional settings today. The study notes and probes a surprising resonance between the ecology of the disease and an intergenerational social capital of indigenous hand-washing practices. The evidence suggests that these patterns of hand-washing practice would have served to contain the disease in earlier times and points to this social capital as a focus for co-engaged action on environment and health concerns. The findings suggest that an opposing of institutional and indigenous knowledge is not a simple matter and that moving beyond a legacy of cultural exclusion and marginalisation remains a challenge as the first decade of post-apartheid democratic governance comes to a close.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Derivation of quantitative management objectives for annual instream water temperatures in the Sabie River using a biological index
- Rivers-Moore, N A, Jewitt, G P W, Weeks, D C
- Authors: Rivers-Moore, N A , Jewitt, G P W , Weeks, D C
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7093 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012426
- Description: Adaptive management of river systems assumes uncertainty and makes provision for system variability. Inherent within this management approach is that perceived limits of 'acceptable' system variability are regarded not only as testable hypotheses, but also as playing a central role in maintaining biodiversity. While the Kruger National Park currently functions as a flagship conservation area in South Africa, projected increases in air temperatures as a consequence of global climate change present challenges in conserving this biodiversity inside the established land boundaries. Within the rivers of the Kruger National Park, a management goal of maintaining biodiversity requires a clearer understanding of system variability. One component of this is water temperature, an important water quality parameter defining the distribution patterns of aquatic organisms. In this study, Chiloglanis anoterus Crass (1960) (Pisces: Mochokidae) was selected as a biological indicator of changes in annual water temperatures within the Sabie River in the southern Kruger National Park. Relative abundances of C. anoterus were determined using standard electro-fishing surveys. The presence or absence of C. anoterus was linked to cumulative annual heat units using a logistic regression model, and a critical annual cumulative water temperature threshold estimated. A correlative relationship between this temperature threshold and a biological index using a C. anoterus condition factor provides river ecologists with a tool to assess ecologically significant warming trends in Sabie River water temperatures. A similar approach could be applied with relative ease to other Southern African river systems. Further testing of this hypothesis is suggested, as part of the adaptive management cycle.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Rivers-Moore, N A , Jewitt, G P W , Weeks, D C
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:7093 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012426
- Description: Adaptive management of river systems assumes uncertainty and makes provision for system variability. Inherent within this management approach is that perceived limits of 'acceptable' system variability are regarded not only as testable hypotheses, but also as playing a central role in maintaining biodiversity. While the Kruger National Park currently functions as a flagship conservation area in South Africa, projected increases in air temperatures as a consequence of global climate change present challenges in conserving this biodiversity inside the established land boundaries. Within the rivers of the Kruger National Park, a management goal of maintaining biodiversity requires a clearer understanding of system variability. One component of this is water temperature, an important water quality parameter defining the distribution patterns of aquatic organisms. In this study, Chiloglanis anoterus Crass (1960) (Pisces: Mochokidae) was selected as a biological indicator of changes in annual water temperatures within the Sabie River in the southern Kruger National Park. Relative abundances of C. anoterus were determined using standard electro-fishing surveys. The presence or absence of C. anoterus was linked to cumulative annual heat units using a logistic regression model, and a critical annual cumulative water temperature threshold estimated. A correlative relationship between this temperature threshold and a biological index using a C. anoterus condition factor provides river ecologists with a tool to assess ecologically significant warming trends in Sabie River water temperatures. A similar approach could be applied with relative ease to other Southern African river systems. Further testing of this hypothesis is suggested, as part of the adaptive management cycle.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Draft Gender Indicators
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/172109 , vital:42160
- Description: Women in both the trade union movement and the formal work environment face obstacles which inhibit the progress of their concerns. Despite a range of gender resolutions passed at trade union congresses and the equality clauses inherent in the constitution and labour legislation, issues of particular concern to women are not mainstreamed in trade union negotiations. In instances where issues such as maternity benefits are fully integrated, women workers may still face difficult choices when it comes to ensuring that rights and labour laws are adhered to in the workplace. Many women workers often find that their position at work has been changed while they have been off on maternity leave, or they have been included in a retrenchment negotiation while away. An important question to ask in building a framework of gender indicators for collective bargaining, are what are the obstacles in trade unions which inhibit women’s active participation in collective bargaining?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/172109 , vital:42160
- Description: Women in both the trade union movement and the formal work environment face obstacles which inhibit the progress of their concerns. Despite a range of gender resolutions passed at trade union congresses and the equality clauses inherent in the constitution and labour legislation, issues of particular concern to women are not mainstreamed in trade union negotiations. In instances where issues such as maternity benefits are fully integrated, women workers may still face difficult choices when it comes to ensuring that rights and labour laws are adhered to in the workplace. Many women workers often find that their position at work has been changed while they have been off on maternity leave, or they have been included in a retrenchment negotiation while away. An important question to ask in building a framework of gender indicators for collective bargaining, are what are the obstacles in trade unions which inhibit women’s active participation in collective bargaining?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Effects of central metal on the photophysical and photochemical properties of non-transition metal sulfophthalocyanine
- Ogunsipe, Abimbola, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Ogunsipe, Abimbola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289337 , vital:56623 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424605000186"
- Description: The photophysical and photochemical properties and quenching (by 1,4-benzoquinone) of metallophthalocyanine sulfonates of aluminium (AlPcSmix), zinc (ZnPcSmix), silicon (SiPcSmix), germanium (GePcSmix) and tin (SnPcSmix) are presented. The quantum yield values of fluorescence (ΦF), triplet state (ΦT), singlet oxygen (ΦΔ) and photodegradation (Φd) were determined and the observed trends in their variation among the complexes discussed in terms of aggregation and the heavy atom effect. 1,4-benzoquinone effectively quenched the fluorescence of the complexes. Quenching analyses gave positive deviations from Stern-Volmer behavior, suggesting the existence of static quenching in addition to dynamic quenching. The static and dynamic components of the quenching were separated using a modified Stern-Volmer equation and the “sphere of action quenching model”. The quenching constant was found to be a function of the radius of the central metal ion.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Ogunsipe, Abimbola , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289337 , vital:56623 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424605000186"
- Description: The photophysical and photochemical properties and quenching (by 1,4-benzoquinone) of metallophthalocyanine sulfonates of aluminium (AlPcSmix), zinc (ZnPcSmix), silicon (SiPcSmix), germanium (GePcSmix) and tin (SnPcSmix) are presented. The quantum yield values of fluorescence (ΦF), triplet state (ΦT), singlet oxygen (ΦΔ) and photodegradation (Φd) were determined and the observed trends in their variation among the complexes discussed in terms of aggregation and the heavy atom effect. 1,4-benzoquinone effectively quenched the fluorescence of the complexes. Quenching analyses gave positive deviations from Stern-Volmer behavior, suggesting the existence of static quenching in addition to dynamic quenching. The static and dynamic components of the quenching were separated using a modified Stern-Volmer equation and the “sphere of action quenching model”. The quenching constant was found to be a function of the radius of the central metal ion.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Electro-oxidation of phenol and its derivatives on poly-Ni (OH) TPhPyPc modified vitreous carbon electrodes
- Obirai, Joseph, Bedioui, Fethi, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Obirai, Joseph , Bedioui, Fethi , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289353 , vital:56625 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.11.006"
- Description: The electrochemical oxidation of phenol and its derivatives using poly-nickel hydroxy tetraphenoxypyrrolephthalocyanine (poly-Ni(OH)TPhPyPc) modified vitreous carbon electrodes are described. The films were formed by the electro-transformation of the electropolymerized pyrrole-substituted phenoxyphthalocyanine poly-NiTPhPyPc modified electrode in aqueous 0.1 M NaOH solution. The poly-Ni(OH)TPhPyPc films showed better stability and resistance to electrode fouling compared to poly-NiTPhPyPc and unmodified electrodes. The resistance to surface fouling and stability can be attributed to the structure of the ring substituent on the phthalocyanine macrocycle and to the particular O–Ni–O bridged architecture of the nickel phthalocyanine film.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Obirai, Joseph , Bedioui, Fethi , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289353 , vital:56625 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.11.006"
- Description: The electrochemical oxidation of phenol and its derivatives using poly-nickel hydroxy tetraphenoxypyrrolephthalocyanine (poly-Ni(OH)TPhPyPc) modified vitreous carbon electrodes are described. The films were formed by the electro-transformation of the electropolymerized pyrrole-substituted phenoxyphthalocyanine poly-NiTPhPyPc modified electrode in aqueous 0.1 M NaOH solution. The poly-Ni(OH)TPhPyPc films showed better stability and resistance to electrode fouling compared to poly-NiTPhPyPc and unmodified electrodes. The resistance to surface fouling and stability can be attributed to the structure of the ring substituent on the phthalocyanine macrocycle and to the particular O–Ni–O bridged architecture of the nickel phthalocyanine film.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Electrocatalytic oxidation and detection of hydrazine at gold electrode modified with iron phthalocyanine complex linked to mercaptopyridine self-assembled monolayer
- Ozoemena, Kenneth I, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Ozoemena, Kenneth I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/286065 , vital:56235 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2005.02.030"
- Description: Electrocatalytic oxidation and detection of hydrazine in pH 7.0 conditions were studied by using gold electrode modified with self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) complex axially ligated to a preformed 4-mercaptopyridine SAMs. The anodic oxidation of hydrazine in neutral pH conditions with FePc-linked-mercaptopyridine-SAM-modified gold electrode occurred at low overpotential (0.35 V versus Ag|AgCl) and the treatment of the voltammetric data showed that it was a pure diffusion-controlled reaction with the involvement of one electron in the rate-determining step. The mechanism for the interaction of hydrazine with the FePc-SAM is proposed to involve the Fe(III)Pc/Fe(II)Pc redox process. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Osteryoung square wave voltammetry (OSWV), hydrazine was detected over a linear concentration range of 1.3 × 10−5 to 9.2 × 10−5 mol/L with low limits of detection (ca. 5 and 11 μM for OSWV and CV, respectively). At concentrations higher than 1.2 × 10−4 mol/L the anodic peak potential shifted to 0.40 V (versus Ag|AgCl), and this was interpreted to be due to kinetic limitations resulting from the saturation of hydrazine and its oxidation products onto the redox-active monolayer film. This type of metallophthalocyanine-SAM-based electrode is a highly promising electrochemical sensor given its ease of fabrication, good catalytic activity, stability, sensitivity and simplicity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Ozoemena, Kenneth I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/286065 , vital:56235 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2005.02.030"
- Description: Electrocatalytic oxidation and detection of hydrazine in pH 7.0 conditions were studied by using gold electrode modified with self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) complex axially ligated to a preformed 4-mercaptopyridine SAMs. The anodic oxidation of hydrazine in neutral pH conditions with FePc-linked-mercaptopyridine-SAM-modified gold electrode occurred at low overpotential (0.35 V versus Ag|AgCl) and the treatment of the voltammetric data showed that it was a pure diffusion-controlled reaction with the involvement of one electron in the rate-determining step. The mechanism for the interaction of hydrazine with the FePc-SAM is proposed to involve the Fe(III)Pc/Fe(II)Pc redox process. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Osteryoung square wave voltammetry (OSWV), hydrazine was detected over a linear concentration range of 1.3 × 10−5 to 9.2 × 10−5 mol/L with low limits of detection (ca. 5 and 11 μM for OSWV and CV, respectively). At concentrations higher than 1.2 × 10−4 mol/L the anodic peak potential shifted to 0.40 V (versus Ag|AgCl), and this was interpreted to be due to kinetic limitations resulting from the saturation of hydrazine and its oxidation products onto the redox-active monolayer film. This type of metallophthalocyanine-SAM-based electrode is a highly promising electrochemical sensor given its ease of fabrication, good catalytic activity, stability, sensitivity and simplicity.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005