https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4755 Wed 12 May 2021 23:44:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10476 Wed 12 May 2021 23:42:55 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10403 Wed 12 May 2021 23:27:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10335 Wed 12 May 2021 23:24:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10531 Wed 12 May 2021 22:54:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10713 Wed 12 May 2021 22:48:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4227 Wed 12 May 2021 22:41:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4373 Wed 12 May 2021 22:40:49 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10653 Wed 12 May 2021 22:38:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10575 Wed 12 May 2021 22:20:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4070 ethyl acetate > chloroform. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the methanol plant extracts increased in the order Brachylaena elliptica > Plumbago auriculata > Grewia robusta > Azima tetracantha. Methanol extracts on the TLC plate sprayed with Fe³⁺-2,4,6-Tri-2-pyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) showed that the compounds present in the extracts react differently to ferric ion, with most compounds unable to reduce ferric ion. Furthermore the methanol extracts were able to exhibit reduction potentials vs. Ag/AgCl at low concentrations. The compounds in the extracts were shown to be phenolic acids and flavonoid glycosides.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 20:35:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4745 Wed 12 May 2021 20:14:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9668 Wed 12 May 2021 20:13:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:6025 Wed 12 May 2021 20:10:29 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4358 Wed 12 May 2021 20:02:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4361 Wed 12 May 2021 19:18:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4763 Wed 12 May 2021 19:16:20 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4629 Wed 12 May 2021 18:46:26 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5107 combined) for most of the conditions assessed for the biomechanical and physiological responses. In the majority of cases for muscle activity, no significant differences were found between the combined and the additive effects (p < 0.05), while for the physiological responses there were mostly significant differences observed. Psychophysical responses indicated that there was a significant difference overall between the additive and combined effects. The results of this study demonstrate that in order to identify risk areas, manipulation tasks and constrained working postures may be considered either in isolation and added together (additive) or as a combined task, since there were very few significant differences observed between these two effects. Further studies are required, however, to provide conclusive evidence.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 18:40:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10399 Wed 12 May 2021 18:39:36 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3748 Wed 12 May 2021 18:34:59 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4585 Wed 12 May 2021 18:28:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3999 Wed 12 May 2021 18:17:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5757 0.05). At all three sites, small mammal species diversity was higher in the burrows but this result was also not significant (p > 0.05 for all). Trap success and the number of individuals captured was higher at Tswalu than the other two sites (p < 0.05 for both). The different methods used in this study revealed a total of 25 mammal, seven bird, one amphibian and six reptile species utilising aardvark burrows. There were significant differences in insect community assemblages between the burrows and open control areas at Kwandwe and Tswalu (p < 0.05 for both) but not at MZNP (p > 0.05). The parasitic guild was more prominent inside the burrows than outside but their abundance was not as high as anticipated, possibly due to the placement of traps closer to the burrow entrances than the sleeping chambers. The complex structure of the burrows prevented the placement of traps in close proximity to the sleeping chambers. As expected, the amount of bare earth was significantly higher on active and recently abandoned burrow mounds compared to the old burrow mounds and reference plots at all three sites (p < 0.05 for all), with the exception of the active burrows at Tswalu. Overall, the different plot types were characterised by significantly different plant communities during all the seasons at MZNP, during three of the seasons at Kwandwe and only during winter at Tswalu. The total species richness recorded on the reference plots was higher than on the burrow mounds at all three sites. However, species diversity on the reference plots was not significantly higher than the burrows at any of the sites (p > 0.05 for all sites). Although the results were not significant, the overall species diversity at a site level was greater than the reference patches at Kwandwe and Tswalu (p > 0.05 for both). Aardvarks fulfil the criteria of a significant ecosystem engineer and their presence in arid and semi-arid environments is likely to be critical to the survival of other individual organisms and species, particularly when alternative burrowing animals are either absent or restricted in their activities. Thus, aardvark populations should be considered a conservation priority in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 18:17:25 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4430 Wed 12 May 2021 17:39:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5744 Wed 12 May 2021 17:26:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3889 Wed 12 May 2021 17:25:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10626 80 mS.cm-1) The freshwater event in 2006 lowered salinity significantly in two of the three sites. Differences in sediment characteristics were also compared for three habitats i.e. driftlines, open sites and under vegetation. Driftlines (C. coronopifolia = 872 seedlings m-2; S. pillansii = 1296 seedlings m-2) and the microhabitat associated with adult plants (C. coronopifolia = 803 seedlings m-2; S. pillansii = 721 seedlings m-2) created favourable conditions for seedling growth, however open unvegetated (C. coronopifolia = 56 seedlings m-2; S. pillansii = 49 seedlings m-2) areas had significantly lower seedling density. Due to the marsh currently being in a desertified state this study aimed to establish whether the remaining vegetation could produce enough seed to revegetate the marsh. Laboratory studies indicated that seeds of both species germinated best in freshwater (0 psu). The germination of S. pillansii seeds was 40 percent at 0 psu compared to 5 percent at 35 psu. After storage under hypersaline conditions (35 psu) C. coronopifolia showed 100 percent seed germination when returned to freshwater whereas storage at 70 psu decreased the viability of S. pillansii seeds. The plants are producing adequate seed that will allow for regrowth and rehabilitation if sediment and groundwater characteristics are suitable for seed germination, seedling growth and adult survival. However the increase in bare areas at the Orange River mouth as a result of salt marsh dieback has increased the available sediment source. The wind blown sediment has covered large areas of the remaining adult salt marsh vegetation, particularly in the northern corner at Site C, causing further die-back.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 17:24:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10707 50 000 m-3) although lowest abundances were recorded when maximum rainfall was received (November 2005). Wooldridge (1977) and Deyzel (2004) recorded maximum densities during summer. Pseudodiaptomus hessei reached high densities (> 17 000 m-3) during the highest rainfall month. Previous studies indicated that this pioneer species is able to recover quickly after a flood and subsequently increase rapidly in numbers. The mysid, Mesopodopsis africana reached high densities (> 5 000 m-3) in the middle estuarine reaches during summer. Ichtyofauna, brachyura and anomura were important contributors to the merozooplankton component of the community. The maximum number of species was recorded during winter in the lower estuarine reaches, when vertical differences in salinities were minimal.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 17:13:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10473 Wed 12 May 2021 17:10:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5481 Wed 12 May 2021 16:53:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9669 Wed 12 May 2021 16:41:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5046 Wed 12 May 2021 16:38:02 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10534 Wed 12 May 2021 16:28:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10478 Wed 12 May 2021 16:17:19 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4649 Wed 12 May 2021 15:51:10 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10331 Thu 13 May 2021 16:30:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4942 Thu 13 May 2021 08:54:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9694 Thu 13 May 2021 08:06:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5145 Thu 13 May 2021 08:04:09 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10714 Thu 13 May 2021 07:23:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5474 Thu 13 May 2021 07:16:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10153 Thu 13 May 2021 07:09:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4647 Thu 13 May 2021 07:05:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5144 Thu 13 May 2021 06:54:06 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4637 Thu 13 May 2021 06:36:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4596 Thu 13 May 2021 06:06:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10715 Thu 13 May 2021 05:51:31 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3747 Thu 13 May 2021 05:42:57 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3922 Thu 13 May 2021 05:34:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10155 Thu 13 May 2021 05:05:04 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9698 Thu 13 May 2021 04:59:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10151 Thu 13 May 2021 04:24:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4083 Thu 13 May 2021 04:19:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10332 Thu 13 May 2021 04:18:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3995 Thu 13 May 2021 03:45:44 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5279 Thu 13 May 2021 03:37:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5674 Thu 13 May 2021 03:14:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4750 Thu 13 May 2021 02:45:08 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10333 Thu 13 May 2021 02:44:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4856 Thu 13 May 2021 02:28:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5570 Thu 13 May 2021 02:11:49 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5577 Thu 13 May 2021 02:03:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10712 Thu 13 May 2021 02:00:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10145 Thu 13 May 2021 01:45:44 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10628 Thu 13 May 2021 01:34:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4090 Thu 13 May 2021 01:22:03 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4234 Thu 13 May 2021 01:09:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3973 Thu 13 May 2021 00:53:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3960 Thu 13 May 2021 00:45:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4683 Thu 13 May 2021 00:18:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10385 Thu 13 May 2021 00:14:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10527 Thu 13 May 2021 00:05:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10475 Thu 13 May 2021 00:04:17 SAST ]]>