https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index en-us 5 https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1940 Wed 12 Oct 2022 12:47:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10800 Wed 12 May 2021 23:46:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4612 Wed 12 May 2021 23:46:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1481 Wed 12 May 2021 23:28:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10772 Wed 12 May 2021 22:56:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4253 Wed 12 May 2021 22:44:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10790 Wed 12 May 2021 22:36:47 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3496 Wed 12 May 2021 22:23:21 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3516 Wed 12 May 2021 20:31:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4578 Wed 12 May 2021 20:19:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3788 Wed 12 May 2021 20:13:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10972 Wed 12 May 2021 20:05:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5682 Wed 12 May 2021 19:55:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10991 Wed 12 May 2021 19:52:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5803 Wed 12 May 2021 19:48:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10822 Wed 12 May 2021 19:45:15 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3147 Wed 12 May 2021 19:44:16 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3492 Wed 12 May 2021 19:33:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3252 Wed 12 May 2021 19:32:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1626 Wed 12 May 2021 19:30:20 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1621 Wed 12 May 2021 19:28:21 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10778 Wed 12 May 2021 19:27:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:941 Wed 12 May 2021 19:27:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3702 Wed 12 May 2021 19:26:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3253 Wed 12 May 2021 19:09:36 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4645 Wed 12 May 2021 19:05:21 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3605 Wed 12 May 2021 19:02:19 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10825 Wed 12 May 2021 18:33:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10801 Wed 12 May 2021 18:30:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3353 Wed 12 May 2021 18:27:52 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10793 Wed 12 May 2021 18:03:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10775 Wed 12 May 2021 18:02:08 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11066 Wed 12 May 2021 18:01:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2739 Wed 12 May 2021 17:55:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11034 Wed 12 May 2021 17:54:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11026 .05) in stature between the backline and schoolboy forwards. All the positional categories proved to have significantly thicker (p < .05) necks, but significantly shorter (p < .05) cervical spines than the schoolboy forwards. The forward positional categories demonstrated to be significantly stronger (p < .05), on all peak torque measures, than the schoolboy forwards. The same was observed between the backline and schoolboy forwards, however no statistically significant difference (p > .05) was observed between the respective sample groups for the measure of peak lateral flexion left torque. For all the measures of power generated at 0.2 of a second, the senior forward positional categories proved to be significantly more powerful (p < .05) than the schoolboy forwards. The senior backline, although significantly more powerful (p < .05) in the flexion movement pattern, proved to be significantly less powerful (p < .05) than the schoolboy forwards in the lateral flexion right movement pattern. No statistically significant differences (p < .05) were found to exist between the senior backline and schoolboy forwards for the extension and lateral flexion left power generated at 0.2 of a second variables. All positional categories proved to have significantly smaller (p < .05) active and passive ranges of motion compared to the schoolboy forwards. Conversely, the senior elite players had significantly larger (p < .05) ratios (PTF/PTE, PTL/PTR, PT/BW and PT/LBM) than the schoolboy forwards. Literature has identified schoolboy rugby as having a much higher incidence of cervical spinal injuries than senior rugby. It can thus be inferred from the above information that the variables of peak torque and power generated at 0.2 of a second play a important role in safeguarding a player from injury on the field of play. Furthermore, calculated ratios show that senior players, especially the forwards, have undergone adaptive changes in cervical musculature strength to meet the requirements of the position they play in, thereby safeguarding themselves from cervical spinal injury. Proper cervical musculature conditioning has been cited in the literature as being an effective but neglected method of preventing cervical spinal injuries. The generation of normative data, concerning cervical musculature performance, can thus be used to prevent the occurrence of cervical injuries and re-injury of the cervical spine by providing a standard of musculature strength for safe participation in rugby, and possibly other collision type sports, and a quantified guide for successful patient rehabilitation respectively.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 17:44:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4916 Wed 12 May 2021 17:42:33 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10927 Wed 12 May 2021 17:35:46 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10933 Wed 12 May 2021 17:14:54 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11054 Wed 12 May 2021 17:04:36 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10856 Wed 12 May 2021 16:52:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10969 Wed 12 May 2021 16:23:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1417 Wed 12 May 2021 16:16:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10881 Wed 12 May 2021 16:04:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5234 0.05) between slopes of the control and 0.11 ± 0.02 mg/l Cu, and between 0.29 ± 0.02 and 47 ± 0.04 mg/l Cu before and after introducing food in the tanks. The slopes of both the control and 0.11 ± 0.02 mg/l Cu were significantly different from those of 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.47 ± 0.04 mg/l Cu (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in the mean opercular movements per minute between treatments (p < 0.05). There was hyperventilation at 0.11 ± 0.02 mg/l Cu i.e. 87 ± 18 opercular movements per minute (mean ± standard deviation) and hypoventilation at 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.47 ± 0.04 mg/l Cu i.e. 37 ± 34 and 13 ± 6 opercular movements per minute compared to the control. Hypo- and hyperventilation were related to the lesser and greater gill damage, respectively. In conclusion Cu accumulation and effects on histology of the liver, gills and were related to the concentration of Cu in the water and duration of exposure showing a gradual increase in incidence and intensity with larger duration of exposure time and increasing Cu concentration. The fish were initially able to homeostatically regulate and detoxify Cu. However, as the exposure continued, the homeostatic mechanism appears to have failed to cope with the increasing metal burden causing advanced histological changes.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 15:54:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10765 Tue 14 Feb 2017 00:26:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5384 Thu 13 May 2021 15:44:25 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3766 Thu 13 May 2021 15:43:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10876 Thu 13 May 2021 15:06:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1141 Thu 13 May 2021 13:30:21 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11068 Thu 13 May 2021 13:12:29 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4140 Thu 13 May 2021 09:31:13 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1699 Thu 13 May 2021 08:09:36 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2150 Thu 13 May 2021 08:08:56 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10855 Thu 13 May 2021 07:39:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10811 Thu 13 May 2021 07:35:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5201 Thu 13 May 2021 07:12:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10896 Thu 13 May 2021 06:51:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11073 Thu 13 May 2021 06:41:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3515 Thu 13 May 2021 06:41:38 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4303 Thu 13 May 2021 06:34:49 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10988 Thu 13 May 2021 06:26:32 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4214 Thu 13 May 2021 06:22:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3126 Thu 13 May 2021 06:10:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4811 Thu 13 May 2021 05:47:43 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11065 Thu 13 May 2021 05:45:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4681 Thu 13 May 2021 05:45:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10954 Thu 13 May 2021 05:42:37 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11041 Thu 13 May 2021 05:33:12 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1620 Thu 13 May 2021 05:19:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10898 Thu 13 May 2021 05:11:48 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10930 Thu 13 May 2021 04:47:07 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1169 Thu 13 May 2021 04:45:34 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10879 Thu 13 May 2021 04:36:00 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10989 Thu 13 May 2021 04:22:23 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10971 Thu 13 May 2021 04:18:41 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10817 Thu 13 May 2021 04:14:26 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11069 Thu 13 May 2021 04:06:24 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10818 Thu 13 May 2021 03:59:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2741 Thu 13 May 2021 03:03:17 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5731 Thu 13 May 2021 02:58:05 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3172 Thu 13 May 2021 02:36:53 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5291 0.05). Protein (p<0.0001) and energy (p<0.0.1) levels of suspended solids were significantly greater in raceways dedicated to feeding Abfeed. The infestation level (number of tubes/centimetre on the grwoing edge) was significantly higher (p<0.001) in Abfeed-fed abalone. The morphometrics of the sabellids indicated that sabellids from Abfeed-fed abalone were larger in various body measurements: length (p<0.00001); neck width (p<0.001); base width (p<0.001); and surface area (p<0.001). This study suggests that abalone diet has an important influence on the infestation level and size of sabellids and that this is likely to be due to the fragmentation and leaching of nutrients from the artificially enriched commercial abalone diet.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 02:34:35 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10812 Thu 13 May 2021 02:29:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10802 Thu 13 May 2021 02:03:11 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11045 Thu 13 May 2021 02:00:28 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10990 Thu 13 May 2021 01:36:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10994 Thu 13 May 2021 01:31:30 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10823 Thu 13 May 2021 01:26:39 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2858 Thu 13 May 2021 01:17:50 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11000 Thu 13 May 2021 01:05:09 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3753 Thu 13 May 2021 00:58:14 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2740 Thu 13 May 2021 00:50:18 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11071 Thu 13 May 2021 00:49:22 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10886 Thu 13 May 2021 00:45:27 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10770 Thu 13 May 2021 00:25:45 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10932 Thu 13 May 2021 00:24:21 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10766 Thu 13 May 2021 00:23:42 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3689 Thu 13 May 2021 00:20:40 SAST ]]> https://vital.seals.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5508 Thu 13 May 2021 00:04:31 SAST ]]>