- Title
- Township economy performance and contribution towards economic development in Nelson Mandela Bay: Assessment using the circular flow of money
- Creator
- Matambeka, Sibahle
- Subject
- Circular Economy
- Subject
- Economic Development
- Subject
- South Africa
- Date Issued
- 2023-04
- Date
- 2023-04
- Type
- Master's theses
- Type
- text
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/10948/61659
- Identifier
- vital:71823
- Description
- The study sought to explore township economic performance and contribution towards economic development in Nelson Mandela Bay, using the circular flow of money model. The study surveyed households and businesses in one of the townships in Nelson Mandela Bay (Kwazakhele). The survey reached out to 100 households and 100 businesses, totalling 200 participants. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The current state of the township economy is not a desirable one. There are more leakages than injections into the township economy. More township residents (especially high-income earners) choose to shop outside the township for goods because the township does not have the goods that residents need. Key findings show that township businesses are small in nature, primarily sole propriety and operate informally in the streets. Most people who work, earn R3500 and below and spend most of their income on food and groceries. Supply for the most consumed products in the township comes mainly from outside the township, and there is no circular flow in the township economy. However, there are more people working inside the township than those who work outside the township. More essential goods are found in the township than before, so residents do not have to travel outside the township to get basic groceries and food. Other findings show that the government is not intervening enough to help the township businesses through policy implementation and financial aid. Businesses in the township do not pay taxes, and this can limit what the government can do to help them. There are other business constraints that are prohibiting the township businesses to reach the optimum level, and the top cited constraint is Crime. The study recommended that government should intervene by passing a bill like the Gauteng Township Economy Bill that aims at assisting township businesses. Households should come up with other streams of income through entrepreneurship so that they can not only depend on government social grants for income. Businesses should form bulk buying groups to increase buying power to be competitive. Lastly, businesses should seek alternative sources of power because electricity is expensive, and the load-shedding is prohibiting township businesses from running efficiently.
- Description
- Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2023
- Format
- computer
- Format
- online resource
- Format
- application/pdf
- Format
- 1 online resource (xi, 72 pages)
- Format
- Publisher
- Nelson Mandela University
- Publisher
- Faculty of Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences
- Language
- English
- Rights
- Nelson Mandela University
- Rights
- All Rights Reserved
- Rights
- Open Access
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| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | SOURCE1 | MATAMBEKA, S (1).pdf | 2 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |