The Socio-Economics of boat-based whale-watching in Plettenberg Bay
- Authors: Klaas, Zongezile
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Whale watching -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48676 , vital:41058
- Description: Boat-based whale watching has been gaining momentum since its inception back in the 1950s. Global trends of the marine leisure activity continue to grow at a rapid rate and the African continent has also joined the marine tourism trend in exploring its marine sector to meet its socio-economic challenges. South Africa as one of Africa’s economic giants has also sought a development approach with a focus on utilising its marine and maritime resources to grow the economy in meeting the domestic development objectives. The South African government through the Operation Phakisa come up with a development strategy to revitalise and explore its marine and maritime sectors to fast-track its growth potential in meeting the local developmental objectives. Plettenberg Bay in the Western Cape of South Africa is well-known for its boat-based whale watching service that offers a great experience for both domestic and foreign tourists and its services form part of the Operation Phakisa programme that is aimed at economic growth and development that is focused especially on the previously disadvantaged majority to ensure that their standards of living improve. Looking into the socio-economic effects of boat-based whale watching on low-income households in Plettenberg Bay, gives meaning to finding linkages through indirect relationships between the marine environment and human lives. This therefore fosters an in-depth understanding of how to address social and economic issues in relation to a resource through the utilisation of available assets to meet sustainable development objectives. The aim of the research study is to find the linkages between boat-based whale watching as an industry with how it relates to building resilience for the low-income households in Plettenberg Bay. The study’s importance will be its ability to inform policy decisions, on adopting knowledge-based adaptive strategies and approaches to finding solutions on building resilience for low-income household through the utilisation of boat-based whale watching as a catalyst for development. The information from the research study can be utilised as a tool to empower low-income households on coastal areas, to become active participants in economic activities that are indirectly linked to boat-based whale watching industry for their own development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Klaas, Zongezile
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Whale watching -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48676 , vital:41058
- Description: Boat-based whale watching has been gaining momentum since its inception back in the 1950s. Global trends of the marine leisure activity continue to grow at a rapid rate and the African continent has also joined the marine tourism trend in exploring its marine sector to meet its socio-economic challenges. South Africa as one of Africa’s economic giants has also sought a development approach with a focus on utilising its marine and maritime resources to grow the economy in meeting the domestic development objectives. The South African government through the Operation Phakisa come up with a development strategy to revitalise and explore its marine and maritime sectors to fast-track its growth potential in meeting the local developmental objectives. Plettenberg Bay in the Western Cape of South Africa is well-known for its boat-based whale watching service that offers a great experience for both domestic and foreign tourists and its services form part of the Operation Phakisa programme that is aimed at economic growth and development that is focused especially on the previously disadvantaged majority to ensure that their standards of living improve. Looking into the socio-economic effects of boat-based whale watching on low-income households in Plettenberg Bay, gives meaning to finding linkages through indirect relationships between the marine environment and human lives. This therefore fosters an in-depth understanding of how to address social and economic issues in relation to a resource through the utilisation of available assets to meet sustainable development objectives. The aim of the research study is to find the linkages between boat-based whale watching as an industry with how it relates to building resilience for the low-income households in Plettenberg Bay. The study’s importance will be its ability to inform policy decisions, on adopting knowledge-based adaptive strategies and approaches to finding solutions on building resilience for low-income household through the utilisation of boat-based whale watching as a catalyst for development. The information from the research study can be utilised as a tool to empower low-income households on coastal areas, to become active participants in economic activities that are indirectly linked to boat-based whale watching industry for their own development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
A changed curriculum approach for learners at Enkuselweni child and youth care center
- Authors: Xhanti, Cynthia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Curriculum planning -- South Africa , Education -- Curricula -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44312 , vital:37152
- Description: Enkuselweni Child and Youth Care Centre is a public institution that accommodates male youths between the ages of 10-17 years who broke the law and are awaiting court trials. While awaiting trial, the youths are compelled to attend school from grade one to grade seven. Learners are faced by academic development problems such as lack of interest in attending school resulting in high dropout rates. Other problems include unruly behaviour, bullying, prevalence of theft, fights and conflict between learners, lack of cooperation on academic subjects, low concentration span and focus, and non-attendance of classes. This leads to very low pass rates and little impact on the money spent by the institution to promote the academic development of learners. The current school curriculum, Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS), provides for nine subjects in a full academic year starting from January to December. Learners at the Centre are therefore limited as they arrive at any time during the year. The learners spend an average of 3 – 6 months at the Centre, and are therefore unable to complete and cope with the prescribed CAPS curriculum. The main aim of this research study is to investigate an alternative curriculum that will be suitable for learners who are in conflict with the law and who spend less than one year at the Centre and arrive at any time of the year. The research question is “What alternative curriculum approach other than the current nine (9) subjects approach would better enhance the academic development of learners with behavioural problems while at Enkuselweni Child and Youth Care Centre?” The curriculum approach should take into consideration that the learners should be active citizens that can count, read and write (Asmal, 1997). The learners at Enkuselweni are unable to complete a “grade” which leads to despondency and drop out. According to the South African Schools Act (SASA) a grade is an educational programme which a learner may complete in one school year (South African Schools Act, 2011). This research indicates that the social and cultural influences as well as learner aptitude are the major barriers in the development of the Enkuselweni Centre learner’s education. Indeed, the research further showed that alignment of a suitable curriculum will bring a positive influence to learners’ academic interests. Parental involvement is an important aspect in ensuring that the learners succeed academically at Enkuselweni Centre. However, as a result of the lack of parental involvement the care workers act as the official guardians for the learners. The cares workers only address the basic physiological and physical wellbeing but do not assist with the academic needs or homework of the children. The culture of schooling of the learners is not an encouragement for academic achievement. The learners only spend on average 3 – 6 months a year at the Centre, which is shorter than the period prescribed by SASA. The teachers at Enkuselweni Centre are unable to produce positive results as there is no continuity or sense of completion. The basic achievement of reading, writing and counting can be achieved by reducing the nine subjects required by CAPS to three subjects, namely Home Language, First Additional Language (English) and Mathematics as per the table below. These subjects can be complemented by vocational skills such carpentry, brick laying, plumbing, electricity, computer literacy, landscaping and culinary skills. These vocational skills should be accredited with the relevant SETAs for ease of obtaining work.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Xhanti, Cynthia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Curriculum planning -- South Africa , Education -- Curricula -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44312 , vital:37152
- Description: Enkuselweni Child and Youth Care Centre is a public institution that accommodates male youths between the ages of 10-17 years who broke the law and are awaiting court trials. While awaiting trial, the youths are compelled to attend school from grade one to grade seven. Learners are faced by academic development problems such as lack of interest in attending school resulting in high dropout rates. Other problems include unruly behaviour, bullying, prevalence of theft, fights and conflict between learners, lack of cooperation on academic subjects, low concentration span and focus, and non-attendance of classes. This leads to very low pass rates and little impact on the money spent by the institution to promote the academic development of learners. The current school curriculum, Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS), provides for nine subjects in a full academic year starting from January to December. Learners at the Centre are therefore limited as they arrive at any time during the year. The learners spend an average of 3 – 6 months at the Centre, and are therefore unable to complete and cope with the prescribed CAPS curriculum. The main aim of this research study is to investigate an alternative curriculum that will be suitable for learners who are in conflict with the law and who spend less than one year at the Centre and arrive at any time of the year. The research question is “What alternative curriculum approach other than the current nine (9) subjects approach would better enhance the academic development of learners with behavioural problems while at Enkuselweni Child and Youth Care Centre?” The curriculum approach should take into consideration that the learners should be active citizens that can count, read and write (Asmal, 1997). The learners at Enkuselweni are unable to complete a “grade” which leads to despondency and drop out. According to the South African Schools Act (SASA) a grade is an educational programme which a learner may complete in one school year (South African Schools Act, 2011). This research indicates that the social and cultural influences as well as learner aptitude are the major barriers in the development of the Enkuselweni Centre learner’s education. Indeed, the research further showed that alignment of a suitable curriculum will bring a positive influence to learners’ academic interests. Parental involvement is an important aspect in ensuring that the learners succeed academically at Enkuselweni Centre. However, as a result of the lack of parental involvement the care workers act as the official guardians for the learners. The cares workers only address the basic physiological and physical wellbeing but do not assist with the academic needs or homework of the children. The culture of schooling of the learners is not an encouragement for academic achievement. The learners only spend on average 3 – 6 months a year at the Centre, which is shorter than the period prescribed by SASA. The teachers at Enkuselweni Centre are unable to produce positive results as there is no continuity or sense of completion. The basic achievement of reading, writing and counting can be achieved by reducing the nine subjects required by CAPS to three subjects, namely Home Language, First Additional Language (English) and Mathematics as per the table below. These subjects can be complemented by vocational skills such carpentry, brick laying, plumbing, electricity, computer literacy, landscaping and culinary skills. These vocational skills should be accredited with the relevant SETAs for ease of obtaining work.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
An assessment of the expanded public works programme in Eldorado Park
- Authors: Lewis, Elaine Elizabeth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Public works -- South Africa -- Gauteng , Job creation -- South Africa -- Gauteng South Africa Department of Public Works Community development -- South Africa -- Gauteng Gauteng (South Africa)--Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40566 , vital:36183
- Description: South Africa is faced with the realities of a high unemployment and poverty rate. This remains a challenge in the country because it continues to impact the lives of many living in previously disadvantaged communities that have limited access to quality education, lack of skills and limited to no access to income opportunities. The Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) is a government steered programme that is targeted at unemployed individuals. The government has adopted this programme in an effort to address the challenge of unemployment in marginalized communities. The EPWP is a nationwide initiative with the objective of reducing unemployment by ensuring that the unskilled gain skills so that they are able to access the labour market and consequently earn an income. The five year report on the programme states that the EPWP was set to create 1 million temporary jobs for unemployed South Africans of which 40% are females, 30% youth and 2% people with disabilities. The programme mitigates some of the social exclusions within society and contributes to the alleviation of poverty through the creation of short term to medium term employment for the unskilled and unemployed (EPWP five-year report 2004/5 – 2008/9). The report identified four sectors that are critical and have the potential to create employment within the context of the EPWP. These sectors are the: Infrastructure sector; which focuses on increasing labour intensity for government funded infrastructure projects, Environment sector; which relates to public environmental improvement programmes, Social sector; which relates to public social programmes such as community based care programmes and non-state sector; which provides and creates work opportunities through collaboration with non-state organisations, as well as strengthening community participation through small enterprise leadership and incubation programmes (SA Department of public works, 2004/ 2008). The EPWP has empowered the beneficiaries/ EPWPs to gain skills, work experience and receive a monthly income in the form of a stipend. One of the main goals of the EPWP is to help these individuals to become self-sustained and to reduce the level of dependence on government social grants. The researcher noticed that there are some challenges such as the limited inclusion of disabled individuals in the community that remains a challenge. The aim of this research was to assess the contributions that were made by the EPWP towards alleviating the challenges of unemployment, lack of skills and substance abuse. These challenges continue to affect the previously disadvantaged community of Eldorado Park to date. Samples were collected at three NGOs and the municipal offices from the beneficiaries. The data was collected through the distribution of a questionnaire. The study was an attempt to evaluate the performance of EPWP, the impact on the lives of the beneficiaries and identify areas of improvement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Lewis, Elaine Elizabeth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Public works -- South Africa -- Gauteng , Job creation -- South Africa -- Gauteng South Africa Department of Public Works Community development -- South Africa -- Gauteng Gauteng (South Africa)--Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40566 , vital:36183
- Description: South Africa is faced with the realities of a high unemployment and poverty rate. This remains a challenge in the country because it continues to impact the lives of many living in previously disadvantaged communities that have limited access to quality education, lack of skills and limited to no access to income opportunities. The Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) is a government steered programme that is targeted at unemployed individuals. The government has adopted this programme in an effort to address the challenge of unemployment in marginalized communities. The EPWP is a nationwide initiative with the objective of reducing unemployment by ensuring that the unskilled gain skills so that they are able to access the labour market and consequently earn an income. The five year report on the programme states that the EPWP was set to create 1 million temporary jobs for unemployed South Africans of which 40% are females, 30% youth and 2% people with disabilities. The programme mitigates some of the social exclusions within society and contributes to the alleviation of poverty through the creation of short term to medium term employment for the unskilled and unemployed (EPWP five-year report 2004/5 – 2008/9). The report identified four sectors that are critical and have the potential to create employment within the context of the EPWP. These sectors are the: Infrastructure sector; which focuses on increasing labour intensity for government funded infrastructure projects, Environment sector; which relates to public environmental improvement programmes, Social sector; which relates to public social programmes such as community based care programmes and non-state sector; which provides and creates work opportunities through collaboration with non-state organisations, as well as strengthening community participation through small enterprise leadership and incubation programmes (SA Department of public works, 2004/ 2008). The EPWP has empowered the beneficiaries/ EPWPs to gain skills, work experience and receive a monthly income in the form of a stipend. One of the main goals of the EPWP is to help these individuals to become self-sustained and to reduce the level of dependence on government social grants. The researcher noticed that there are some challenges such as the limited inclusion of disabled individuals in the community that remains a challenge. The aim of this research was to assess the contributions that were made by the EPWP towards alleviating the challenges of unemployment, lack of skills and substance abuse. These challenges continue to affect the previously disadvantaged community of Eldorado Park to date. Samples were collected at three NGOs and the municipal offices from the beneficiaries. The data was collected through the distribution of a questionnaire. The study was an attempt to evaluate the performance of EPWP, the impact on the lives of the beneficiaries and identify areas of improvement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Assessing the impact of the income generating projects funded by the department of social development in Uitenhage, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Charles, Phatheka Patience
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic assistance, Domestic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/37947 , vital:34267
- Description: Income-generating projects represent one strategy adopted by the Department of Social Development to alleviate poverty. This study assessed the impact of income-generating projects funded by the department of social development in Uitenhage, Eastern Cape. The study is based on five specific objectives which sought to: assess the effectiveness of income-generating projects in Uitenhage; evaluate the formulation, implementation and overall management of income-generating projects by the Department of Social Development; 3)determine the involvement of the beneficiaries in improving their welfare; assess the roleplayed by the Department of Social Development in capacitating the project; and examine the possible challenges that the projects face that hinder them from achieving the alleviation of poverty. A sample of 22 people was selected to represent the income-generating projects members population. Non-probability sampling techniques were used in choosing the sample. Specifically, purposive sampling was one of the non-probability techniques used to ensure that all the projects were included in the research. Data were collected using questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by using the documentation method. The result from this study showed that there are different income-generating activities and that all have need for regular monitoring and evaluation visits from officials from the Department. Project members also need training in financial management so that they do not mismanage their project finances. The research findings further indicated, clearly, that strategies currently used by the Department are not effective enough to achieve the desired goals of poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Charles, Phatheka Patience
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic assistance, Domestic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/37947 , vital:34267
- Description: Income-generating projects represent one strategy adopted by the Department of Social Development to alleviate poverty. This study assessed the impact of income-generating projects funded by the department of social development in Uitenhage, Eastern Cape. The study is based on five specific objectives which sought to: assess the effectiveness of income-generating projects in Uitenhage; evaluate the formulation, implementation and overall management of income-generating projects by the Department of Social Development; 3)determine the involvement of the beneficiaries in improving their welfare; assess the roleplayed by the Department of Social Development in capacitating the project; and examine the possible challenges that the projects face that hinder them from achieving the alleviation of poverty. A sample of 22 people was selected to represent the income-generating projects members population. Non-probability sampling techniques were used in choosing the sample. Specifically, purposive sampling was one of the non-probability techniques used to ensure that all the projects were included in the research. Data were collected using questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by using the documentation method. The result from this study showed that there are different income-generating activities and that all have need for regular monitoring and evaluation visits from officials from the Department. Project members also need training in financial management so that they do not mismanage their project finances. The research findings further indicated, clearly, that strategies currently used by the Department are not effective enough to achieve the desired goals of poverty alleviation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Assessment of capacity building programmes offered to cooperatives in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Salman, Lusanda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Cooperative societies -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cooperative societies -- Economic aspects Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43523 , vital:36905
- Description: Cooperatives play an important role in delivering services to those in need within the communities. Capacity building efforts for cooperatives are very crucial in increasing their effectiveness and to redress problems associated with limited administrative and organisational capacity. By providing technical assistance, training, and grant funds, the functioning of the cooperatives is enhanced and ultimately the outcomes are improved. Despite consensus about the importance of capacity-building, little high-quality evidence exists on the impact of capacity-building investments. This research paper presents the findings from the assessment conducted on the impact of capacity- building initiatives offered to cooperatives. The participants of the study were cooperatives from the Eastern Cape, all eight district municipalities were represented and the study included stakeholders working with cooperatives that included various government departments, agencies and the private sector. Findings from the study provide clear evidence that capacity-building efforts increase the effectiveness of cooperatives to plan, organise and manage their organisations. It has emerged strongly from research that cooperatives that have received capacity-building support in any form, have improved in terms of their functioning compared to those that have never been capacitated before. However, cooperatives are still faced with many challenges specifically relating to operational challenges, which include administration, financial, and governance and weak capability in terms of the knowledge and skills they possess.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Salman, Lusanda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Cooperative societies -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cooperative societies -- Economic aspects Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43523 , vital:36905
- Description: Cooperatives play an important role in delivering services to those in need within the communities. Capacity building efforts for cooperatives are very crucial in increasing their effectiveness and to redress problems associated with limited administrative and organisational capacity. By providing technical assistance, training, and grant funds, the functioning of the cooperatives is enhanced and ultimately the outcomes are improved. Despite consensus about the importance of capacity-building, little high-quality evidence exists on the impact of capacity-building investments. This research paper presents the findings from the assessment conducted on the impact of capacity- building initiatives offered to cooperatives. The participants of the study were cooperatives from the Eastern Cape, all eight district municipalities were represented and the study included stakeholders working with cooperatives that included various government departments, agencies and the private sector. Findings from the study provide clear evidence that capacity-building efforts increase the effectiveness of cooperatives to plan, organise and manage their organisations. It has emerged strongly from research that cooperatives that have received capacity-building support in any form, have improved in terms of their functioning compared to those that have never been capacitated before. However, cooperatives are still faced with many challenges specifically relating to operational challenges, which include administration, financial, and governance and weak capability in terms of the knowledge and skills they possess.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Changing gender roles: challenges and strategies of female headship in Motherwell
- Authors: Kadaluka, Gloria Thamo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Gender roles
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44541 , vital:38138
- Description: For decades, research has examined men’s perceptions of the changing gender roles, highlighting the masculinity crisis and challenges men encounter due to the decreasing male provider role. Yet, studies have not explored women’s perceptions about these changing roles, which have consequentially enabled them to become female-headed households (FHHs). Part of the problem is that in theory, FHHs have indeed been classified as the poorest of the poor. Nevertheless in practice, governments have neglected efforts to support this group. In South Africa, research on challenges of FHHs is quantitative and portrays an overgeneralised image of poverty in FHHs. This study set out to develop a better understanding of how women make sense of the changing roles, in an attempt to investigate the processes through which women assume their headship status and to examine their challenges and strategies as FHHs. Using a qualitative research design in the form of a case study with a phenomenological study orientation, the study identified 40 female participants and the data was collected using in-depth interviews. Data was analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Findings indicated that female headship occurs through an identifiable process and most women were never married, divorced, separated or widowed. Thus, single motherhood is by choice, because it is a choice for independence. The significant obstacle hindering social progress is that women support the changing gender roles, while at the same time utilising linguistic repertoires to hold on to traditional gender role beliefs that reinforce patriarchy. Their also challenges manifested in a similar behavioral fashion, suggesting the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Poor education, sex for jobs, feminisation of labour, teenage pregnancies, burden of care, dependency burden, discrimination, absence of fathers and inability to balance work and family, are challenges that put FHHs under a sustained attack. These findings indicate that despite being poor, women do not view themselves as victims of poverty. They exercise urgency through forging social capital, salaries and child support grants. However, women are stuck in a poverty trap because their relations of exchange are limited to those women who are equally poor.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Kadaluka, Gloria Thamo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Gender roles
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44541 , vital:38138
- Description: For decades, research has examined men’s perceptions of the changing gender roles, highlighting the masculinity crisis and challenges men encounter due to the decreasing male provider role. Yet, studies have not explored women’s perceptions about these changing roles, which have consequentially enabled them to become female-headed households (FHHs). Part of the problem is that in theory, FHHs have indeed been classified as the poorest of the poor. Nevertheless in practice, governments have neglected efforts to support this group. In South Africa, research on challenges of FHHs is quantitative and portrays an overgeneralised image of poverty in FHHs. This study set out to develop a better understanding of how women make sense of the changing roles, in an attempt to investigate the processes through which women assume their headship status and to examine their challenges and strategies as FHHs. Using a qualitative research design in the form of a case study with a phenomenological study orientation, the study identified 40 female participants and the data was collected using in-depth interviews. Data was analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Findings indicated that female headship occurs through an identifiable process and most women were never married, divorced, separated or widowed. Thus, single motherhood is by choice, because it is a choice for independence. The significant obstacle hindering social progress is that women support the changing gender roles, while at the same time utilising linguistic repertoires to hold on to traditional gender role beliefs that reinforce patriarchy. Their also challenges manifested in a similar behavioral fashion, suggesting the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Poor education, sex for jobs, feminisation of labour, teenage pregnancies, burden of care, dependency burden, discrimination, absence of fathers and inability to balance work and family, are challenges that put FHHs under a sustained attack. These findings indicate that despite being poor, women do not view themselves as victims of poverty. They exercise urgency through forging social capital, salaries and child support grants. However, women are stuck in a poverty trap because their relations of exchange are limited to those women who are equally poor.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Contribution of the Coega development corporation to small enterprise growth in Nelson Mandela Bay
- Authors: Nakimbugwe, Norris Linda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Coega Development Corporation , Small business -- Growth -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Small business -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42913 , vital:36705
- Description: This study seeks to investigate the contribution of the Coega Development Corporation to Small Enterprise growth in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. Current discourse regarding IDZs suggests that their establishment is an engine to economic growth through the attraction of both domestic and foreign investments, as well as the promotion of exports through incentive packages for IDZ companies. While, the attraction of larger FDI corporations may be significant to the growth of the local economy, it can also be a barrier to Small Enterprise Growth due to the influx of larger corporations into the market although the synergetic co-existence of both the larger corporations and the local SMEs is crucial to the overall welfare of economy. With these potential challenges in mind research investigated into the contribution of the Coega IDZ project to the growth of local Small Enterprises in Nelson Mandela Bay. The study adopted a quantitative research design and self-administered questionnaires which were used for data collection from information rich respondents. Overall, findings of this study indicate that the Coega Development Corporation has to some extent contributed to small enterprise growth through its infrastructure projects, some of its existing labour regulations and also through the development of human capital skills of individuals within the small enterprises. These findings were in agreement with some of those from the literature review in the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Nakimbugwe, Norris Linda
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Coega Development Corporation , Small business -- Growth -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Small business -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42913 , vital:36705
- Description: This study seeks to investigate the contribution of the Coega Development Corporation to Small Enterprise growth in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. Current discourse regarding IDZs suggests that their establishment is an engine to economic growth through the attraction of both domestic and foreign investments, as well as the promotion of exports through incentive packages for IDZ companies. While, the attraction of larger FDI corporations may be significant to the growth of the local economy, it can also be a barrier to Small Enterprise Growth due to the influx of larger corporations into the market although the synergetic co-existence of both the larger corporations and the local SMEs is crucial to the overall welfare of economy. With these potential challenges in mind research investigated into the contribution of the Coega IDZ project to the growth of local Small Enterprises in Nelson Mandela Bay. The study adopted a quantitative research design and self-administered questionnaires which were used for data collection from information rich respondents. Overall, findings of this study indicate that the Coega Development Corporation has to some extent contributed to small enterprise growth through its infrastructure projects, some of its existing labour regulations and also through the development of human capital skills of individuals within the small enterprises. These findings were in agreement with some of those from the literature review in the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Effectiveness of rural development programmes in marginalized rural areas: Umzimvubu Local Municipality
- Authors: Mndela, Ntandokazi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41043 , vital:36285
- Description: Rural development projects (RDPs) present a means to develop communities while providing employment for community members in marginalised rural areas (MRAs). This study investigated the efficacy of RDPs by focussing on a target RDP in the Umzimvubu local municipality. In the area under investigation, a community development project was established by the community members with the aid of the government. The project witnessed a gradual death over time. This study investigated the reasons for failure of the community development project with the objective of determining the efficacy of RDP as a means to emancipate marginalised rural communities, and to provide guidelines that could be used in initiating and maintaining the sustainable operation of future rural community development projects. The study was conducted through a descriptive research approach. Questionnaires were employed to collect information. The study revealed that poor project management and monitoring and a lack of community participation, community input in decision-making, participation of young people and continued technical and financial support from the government were the major challenges confronting this community development projects in MRAs. Furthermore, the study revealed that the impacts of RDPs were more prominent at a micro-level, as beneficiaries were mostly the people directly associated with the project. The study concluded by prescribing a set of guidelines that could be adopted in starting and running RDPs in the future.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mndela, Ntandokazi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41043 , vital:36285
- Description: Rural development projects (RDPs) present a means to develop communities while providing employment for community members in marginalised rural areas (MRAs). This study investigated the efficacy of RDPs by focussing on a target RDP in the Umzimvubu local municipality. In the area under investigation, a community development project was established by the community members with the aid of the government. The project witnessed a gradual death over time. This study investigated the reasons for failure of the community development project with the objective of determining the efficacy of RDP as a means to emancipate marginalised rural communities, and to provide guidelines that could be used in initiating and maintaining the sustainable operation of future rural community development projects. The study was conducted through a descriptive research approach. Questionnaires were employed to collect information. The study revealed that poor project management and monitoring and a lack of community participation, community input in decision-making, participation of young people and continued technical and financial support from the government were the major challenges confronting this community development projects in MRAs. Furthermore, the study revealed that the impacts of RDPs were more prominent at a micro-level, as beneficiaries were mostly the people directly associated with the project. The study concluded by prescribing a set of guidelines that could be adopted in starting and running RDPs in the future.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Evaluating the benefits of the extended public works programme in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality
- Authors: Lindani-Beni, Bulelwa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Public service employment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Job creation -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Public works -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40555 , vital:36182
- Description: Public Works Programmes (PWPs) are interventions implemented by the government to overcome the high levels of unemployment and to provide the poor with salaries so that they can meet their basic needs. This was done in response to the United Nations (UN) call to meet the sustainable development goals adopted in 2015. The study defines PWPs and gives an overview of the categories of the intervention programmes. Different countries use the PWPs for different aims from poverty reduction, response to economic shocks and guaranteed employment. Most of the countries, like South Africa, use these programmes as a temporary relief. Unemployment remains a challenge in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) and the municipality has always been unsuccessful in reaching the targets expected in job creation. The study compares the South African Extended Public Works Programme (EPWP) with the two other international programmes, India and Malawi. The analysis of the three phases of the South African EPWP since its inception in 2004 is done in this study. The paper analysed the BCMM’s EPWP projects in the Eastern Cape where there is a high level of unemployment and a high degree of rural-urban migration. An overview of the Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF) and India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGA) is also presented in this study. The researcher analysed documents and desktop reviews for the study. The available information such as the programme strategic plans, logical frameworks, policy documents, implementation reports, academic journals and media reports were consulted for this study. The study highlighted challenges in the South African EPWP which contributes towards the inefficiency of the programme in reducing the high levels of unemployment in the BCMM. The researcher provided recommendations that may improve the effectiveness of the public works programme in South Africa. One recommendation is the development of a Management Information System for EPWP that can assist the government in monitoring and evaluating the whole programme in the different departments and municipalities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Lindani-Beni, Bulelwa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Public service employment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Job creation -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Public works -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40555 , vital:36182
- Description: Public Works Programmes (PWPs) are interventions implemented by the government to overcome the high levels of unemployment and to provide the poor with salaries so that they can meet their basic needs. This was done in response to the United Nations (UN) call to meet the sustainable development goals adopted in 2015. The study defines PWPs and gives an overview of the categories of the intervention programmes. Different countries use the PWPs for different aims from poverty reduction, response to economic shocks and guaranteed employment. Most of the countries, like South Africa, use these programmes as a temporary relief. Unemployment remains a challenge in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) and the municipality has always been unsuccessful in reaching the targets expected in job creation. The study compares the South African Extended Public Works Programme (EPWP) with the two other international programmes, India and Malawi. The analysis of the three phases of the South African EPWP since its inception in 2004 is done in this study. The paper analysed the BCMM’s EPWP projects in the Eastern Cape where there is a high level of unemployment and a high degree of rural-urban migration. An overview of the Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF) and India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGA) is also presented in this study. The researcher analysed documents and desktop reviews for the study. The available information such as the programme strategic plans, logical frameworks, policy documents, implementation reports, academic journals and media reports were consulted for this study. The study highlighted challenges in the South African EPWP which contributes towards the inefficiency of the programme in reducing the high levels of unemployment in the BCMM. The researcher provided recommendations that may improve the effectiveness of the public works programme in South Africa. One recommendation is the development of a Management Information System for EPWP that can assist the government in monitoring and evaluating the whole programme in the different departments and municipalities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Expectations and experiences of talent management across South Africa and the effect on retention
- Authors: Du Randt, Jean
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Employee retention -- South Africa , Employee selection Manpower planning Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39556 , vital:35290
- Description: The “war on talent” is intensifying and effective talent management strategies are imperative for business success. This study explores the expectations and experiences of talent management strategies amongst employees across South Africa and their impact on retention. The literature review covers the constructs of talent management, working environment, rewards, leadership, race, age and gender as well as retention. A quantitative survey approach with comparative studies was adopted. A snowball convenience sampling method was used with links to an on-line questionnaire e-mailed to potential respondents. A total of 711 useable responses were received. Statistical analysis included factor analysis, Cronbach alpha reliability testing, mean factor scores, paired samplet-tests, Pearson’s correlations, T-tests and ANOVAs. The study found that leadership was the factor rated as most important followed by working environment and development. Respondents reported significant differences between expectations and employer ratings on all factors, with cash rewards being the greatest source of dissatisfaction. Experiences of work environment, leadership and development indicated stronger correlations to retention than cash rewards. Women, millennials and non-whites demonstrated the highest retention risks. A significant negative correlation was found between the respondents’ reported experience of leadership, work environment and development and the importance they attached to cash rewards. The study supports Hertzberg’s classification of cash rewards as a hygiene factor and Alderfer’s ERG theory’s concept of frustration-regression. This has significant implications for the focus of talent and retention strategies, and it is proposed that improving the quality of leadership, work environments and development opportunities will decrease the current over-reliance on monetary rewards as a retention tool.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Du Randt, Jean
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Employee retention -- South Africa , Employee selection Manpower planning Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39556 , vital:35290
- Description: The “war on talent” is intensifying and effective talent management strategies are imperative for business success. This study explores the expectations and experiences of talent management strategies amongst employees across South Africa and their impact on retention. The literature review covers the constructs of talent management, working environment, rewards, leadership, race, age and gender as well as retention. A quantitative survey approach with comparative studies was adopted. A snowball convenience sampling method was used with links to an on-line questionnaire e-mailed to potential respondents. A total of 711 useable responses were received. Statistical analysis included factor analysis, Cronbach alpha reliability testing, mean factor scores, paired samplet-tests, Pearson’s correlations, T-tests and ANOVAs. The study found that leadership was the factor rated as most important followed by working environment and development. Respondents reported significant differences between expectations and employer ratings on all factors, with cash rewards being the greatest source of dissatisfaction. Experiences of work environment, leadership and development indicated stronger correlations to retention than cash rewards. Women, millennials and non-whites demonstrated the highest retention risks. A significant negative correlation was found between the respondents’ reported experience of leadership, work environment and development and the importance they attached to cash rewards. The study supports Hertzberg’s classification of cash rewards as a hygiene factor and Alderfer’s ERG theory’s concept of frustration-regression. This has significant implications for the focus of talent and retention strategies, and it is proposed that improving the quality of leadership, work environments and development opportunities will decrease the current over-reliance on monetary rewards as a retention tool.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Exploring the management-union relationship at a large automotive manufacturer
- Authors: Le Roux, Loreen
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Industrial relations -- South Africa , Labor unions -- South Africa Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa Organizational behavior -- South Africa Psychology, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40382 , vital:36154
- Description: The South African labour environment makes a significant contribution to the country’s ability to function within a social market economy. Labour instability deters foreign investment and has had a negative impact on productivity levels. It would, therefore, be of value to the field of labour relations to consider how the management-union relationship at an organisational level can be improved to encourage a stable, effective and collective relationship. A qualitative approach was adopted to explore and describe the nature of the management-union relationship, including both the confrontational and cooperative elements of interaction, at a large automotive MANUFACTURER that operates within a multinational group. The study explored the effectiveness of the Industrial Relations Framework, which was once or is regarded as the benchmark of Industrial Relations structures within the South African context. This was due to its implementation of an adapted Co-determination Model of employee participation from as early as 1994; thus, providing an opportunity to study a long-established and mature management-union relationship. The relationship was regarded as an aspect of the Industrial Relations climate and focused on interaction within the MANUFACTURER’s Industrial Relations Framework (three committees being the Joint Strategic Workshop, Plant Committee and Negotiating Committee). The aim of the study is to describe the specific factors identified by the parties as having influenced their relationship. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the Industrial Relations Framework was considered in terms of its contribution towards achieving the parties’ goals and lastly, suggestions for improvement were shared to improve the effectiveness of the relationship. The literature reviewed considered the nature of the collective relationship. Firstly, the characteristics of a collective relationship were described to appreciate the complexity and multifaceted, simultaneous influences of the external and internal elements, which impact on the relationship. Secondly, frames of reference were identified that contextualised the chosen industrial relations ideology adopted. Thirdly, typical industrial relations relationship patterns were described which explained the selected approach adopted in the management-union interaction. Fourthly, the South African legislative context was highlighted to appreciate the South African Government’s support for the primacy of the collective relationship. Lastly, a few academic models that included seminal work, were considered to recognise key factors influencing the collective relationship. The most common factors identified were attitudinal dimensions (attitudes, behaviours, and perceptions), goals, sharing common objectives, trust, recognition of legitimacy, access to information, voice, equity (fairness), and communication. The sample consisted of Human Resource Management and NUMSA representatives who participated in the Industrial Relations Framework. Semi-structured, individual interviews were used as a research instrument for data gathering. On conclusion of this phase, a thematic analysis was conducted and themes were identified. This assisted in the description of key factors that had an impact on this particular collective relationship within a pluralistic industrial relations context. The findings revealed that the nature of the relationship differed at the various committees. It was influenced by the functioning of the committee, the effectiveness in achieving the parties’ goals, the level of management represented and the nature of the processes involved in the interaction (information-sharing, consultation and negotiation). Positive changes are underway whereby union capacity building is being addressed to aid and elevate the level of engagement. Operational improvements to benefit the functioning of the committees and afford the union increased input. A joint organisational vision is also being drafted as the first step towards a closer, future partnership as the MANUFACTURER faces competitive challenges.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Le Roux, Loreen
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Industrial relations -- South Africa , Labor unions -- South Africa Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa Organizational behavior -- South Africa Psychology, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40382 , vital:36154
- Description: The South African labour environment makes a significant contribution to the country’s ability to function within a social market economy. Labour instability deters foreign investment and has had a negative impact on productivity levels. It would, therefore, be of value to the field of labour relations to consider how the management-union relationship at an organisational level can be improved to encourage a stable, effective and collective relationship. A qualitative approach was adopted to explore and describe the nature of the management-union relationship, including both the confrontational and cooperative elements of interaction, at a large automotive MANUFACTURER that operates within a multinational group. The study explored the effectiveness of the Industrial Relations Framework, which was once or is regarded as the benchmark of Industrial Relations structures within the South African context. This was due to its implementation of an adapted Co-determination Model of employee participation from as early as 1994; thus, providing an opportunity to study a long-established and mature management-union relationship. The relationship was regarded as an aspect of the Industrial Relations climate and focused on interaction within the MANUFACTURER’s Industrial Relations Framework (three committees being the Joint Strategic Workshop, Plant Committee and Negotiating Committee). The aim of the study is to describe the specific factors identified by the parties as having influenced their relationship. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the Industrial Relations Framework was considered in terms of its contribution towards achieving the parties’ goals and lastly, suggestions for improvement were shared to improve the effectiveness of the relationship. The literature reviewed considered the nature of the collective relationship. Firstly, the characteristics of a collective relationship were described to appreciate the complexity and multifaceted, simultaneous influences of the external and internal elements, which impact on the relationship. Secondly, frames of reference were identified that contextualised the chosen industrial relations ideology adopted. Thirdly, typical industrial relations relationship patterns were described which explained the selected approach adopted in the management-union interaction. Fourthly, the South African legislative context was highlighted to appreciate the South African Government’s support for the primacy of the collective relationship. Lastly, a few academic models that included seminal work, were considered to recognise key factors influencing the collective relationship. The most common factors identified were attitudinal dimensions (attitudes, behaviours, and perceptions), goals, sharing common objectives, trust, recognition of legitimacy, access to information, voice, equity (fairness), and communication. The sample consisted of Human Resource Management and NUMSA representatives who participated in the Industrial Relations Framework. Semi-structured, individual interviews were used as a research instrument for data gathering. On conclusion of this phase, a thematic analysis was conducted and themes were identified. This assisted in the description of key factors that had an impact on this particular collective relationship within a pluralistic industrial relations context. The findings revealed that the nature of the relationship differed at the various committees. It was influenced by the functioning of the committee, the effectiveness in achieving the parties’ goals, the level of management represented and the nature of the processes involved in the interaction (information-sharing, consultation and negotiation). Positive changes are underway whereby union capacity building is being addressed to aid and elevate the level of engagement. Operational improvements to benefit the functioning of the committees and afford the union increased input. A joint organisational vision is also being drafted as the first step towards a closer, future partnership as the MANUFACTURER faces competitive challenges.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Foreign aid and the implementation of millennium development goals 4 and 5 in Nigeria
- Authors: Eyitayo, Adediran Foluke
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Millennium Development Goals , Economic assistance -- Nigeria Maternal and infant welfare -- Nigeria Public health -- Nigeria Sustainable development -- Nigeria
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39841 , vital:35479
- Description: Nigeria has the largest population in Africa and with approximately 160 million people. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of poor people in the world. Over the years, the rate of maternal and child mortality reduction in Nigeria has been slow and this is largely due to bad infrastructure, low quality of education and poor health sector. This is largely due to government bureaucracy, problems within the aid administration process and its influence on developmental issues. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were created for countries to address human developmental issues within different countries around the world. The countries had to meet MDGs by 2015. Nigeria was not able to meet many of the set targets and had made only few improvements within the health department. This is largely due to government bureaucracy and the slow pace that is maintained during the formulation and implementation of governmental policies and programs. This study seeks to explore various issues that are identified in the attainment of MDGs 4 and 5: MDGs 4 with target 5 - 2/3 reductions in under than five mortality rates and MDG 5 with target 6 - ¾ reductions in the maternal mortality rate. This study will assess the efforts made by local and international organizations during the implementation of MDGs 4 and 5. This study will identify the impact of foreign aid on the health sector, with an intervention on the maternal and child mortality ratio, key international donors in the maternal and child sector. Document analysis is been adopted as the methodological approach for this research. These analysis focuses on documents such as publications, reports, policy papers and academic literature. One of the key findings in this study is that - lack of good policies of health services is a major barrier to the improvement in maternal and child mortality in Nigeria.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Eyitayo, Adediran Foluke
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Millennium Development Goals , Economic assistance -- Nigeria Maternal and infant welfare -- Nigeria Public health -- Nigeria Sustainable development -- Nigeria
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39841 , vital:35479
- Description: Nigeria has the largest population in Africa and with approximately 160 million people. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of poor people in the world. Over the years, the rate of maternal and child mortality reduction in Nigeria has been slow and this is largely due to bad infrastructure, low quality of education and poor health sector. This is largely due to government bureaucracy, problems within the aid administration process and its influence on developmental issues. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were created for countries to address human developmental issues within different countries around the world. The countries had to meet MDGs by 2015. Nigeria was not able to meet many of the set targets and had made only few improvements within the health department. This is largely due to government bureaucracy and the slow pace that is maintained during the formulation and implementation of governmental policies and programs. This study seeks to explore various issues that are identified in the attainment of MDGs 4 and 5: MDGs 4 with target 5 - 2/3 reductions in under than five mortality rates and MDG 5 with target 6 - ¾ reductions in the maternal mortality rate. This study will assess the efforts made by local and international organizations during the implementation of MDGs 4 and 5. This study will identify the impact of foreign aid on the health sector, with an intervention on the maternal and child mortality ratio, key international donors in the maternal and child sector. Document analysis is been adopted as the methodological approach for this research. These analysis focuses on documents such as publications, reports, policy papers and academic literature. One of the key findings in this study is that - lack of good policies of health services is a major barrier to the improvement in maternal and child mortality in Nigeria.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Green ship recycling as an alternative maritime industry for South Africa
- Authors: Nkalitshana, Malwande
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Ships -- Recycling -- Environmental aspects , Ships -- Recycling -- South Africa Ships -- Scrapping
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41852 , vital:36603
- Description: Ship recycling is a process of partially or completely dismantling of a vessel for various reasons with an intention of recovering some or all the material of it, for re-use and reprocessing. During economic recession, ship owners sell or send their old vessels for scraping to the ship recycling facilities to get some money out of its materials. Vessels are also dismantled normally when they reach a certain age where their usefulness at sea has deteriorated. Ship recycling offers socio-economic and environmental benefits and can assist with developing the port infrastructure, shipping building and repairs. Green Ship recycling can also create employment and business opportunities. Furthermore, ships are made up of almost 90% of recyclable material and with that, recycling of ships can contribute on the preservation and sustainable use of natural resources. In terms of global participation in the ship recycling sector, Asian countries are dominating, and they account for more than 80%. The remaining 20% is accounted by other countries excluding those within the African continent, South Africa in particular. Despite the long-term benefits associated with this sector, South Africa’s participation is very minimal nor absent at all, though it has its triple challenges that could be minimized by this sector. In mitigating the health, safety and health issues that associated with this industry, South African has legal instruments which protect the safety and health conditions of workers, and furthermore it is a signatory into international organizations that regulates ship recycling industry. For it to participate in this sector, a collaborative and partnership between government institutions, academic and research institutions and private sector needs to be established. Through these collaborations and innovative research on green ship recycling, South Africa stands an increasing chance of realization of the objectives of its economic policy; National Development Plan. In addition to these collaborations, South Africa should rectify Hong Kong convention and domesticate it through formulating pieces of legislations that would regulate green ship recycling practices. Transnet as state owned company responsible for ports in South Africa, upon these collaborations and deliberations, should allocate a site for this industry within the port environment. Furthermore, through ship recycling, South Africa could attain its Objectives of growing the economy and increased job creation as envisaged in Operation Phakisa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Nkalitshana, Malwande
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Ships -- Recycling -- Environmental aspects , Ships -- Recycling -- South Africa Ships -- Scrapping
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41852 , vital:36603
- Description: Ship recycling is a process of partially or completely dismantling of a vessel for various reasons with an intention of recovering some or all the material of it, for re-use and reprocessing. During economic recession, ship owners sell or send their old vessels for scraping to the ship recycling facilities to get some money out of its materials. Vessels are also dismantled normally when they reach a certain age where their usefulness at sea has deteriorated. Ship recycling offers socio-economic and environmental benefits and can assist with developing the port infrastructure, shipping building and repairs. Green Ship recycling can also create employment and business opportunities. Furthermore, ships are made up of almost 90% of recyclable material and with that, recycling of ships can contribute on the preservation and sustainable use of natural resources. In terms of global participation in the ship recycling sector, Asian countries are dominating, and they account for more than 80%. The remaining 20% is accounted by other countries excluding those within the African continent, South Africa in particular. Despite the long-term benefits associated with this sector, South Africa’s participation is very minimal nor absent at all, though it has its triple challenges that could be minimized by this sector. In mitigating the health, safety and health issues that associated with this industry, South African has legal instruments which protect the safety and health conditions of workers, and furthermore it is a signatory into international organizations that regulates ship recycling industry. For it to participate in this sector, a collaborative and partnership between government institutions, academic and research institutions and private sector needs to be established. Through these collaborations and innovative research on green ship recycling, South Africa stands an increasing chance of realization of the objectives of its economic policy; National Development Plan. In addition to these collaborations, South Africa should rectify Hong Kong convention and domesticate it through formulating pieces of legislations that would regulate green ship recycling practices. Transnet as state owned company responsible for ports in South Africa, upon these collaborations and deliberations, should allocate a site for this industry within the port environment. Furthermore, through ship recycling, South Africa could attain its Objectives of growing the economy and increased job creation as envisaged in Operation Phakisa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Integrated development planning and sustainable development in Blue Crane Route Local Municipality
- Authors: Hanabe, Samela Gift
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation , Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39610 , vital:35332
- Description: The concept of public participation gained more recognition after the introduction of democracy in South Africa. Democracy is a form of government in which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Democracy allows people to participate equally - either directly or through elected representatives. Several forms of democracy exist, key among them is direct democracy, in which citizens have direct and active participation in the decision making of the government; and representative democracy, where the political power is exercised indirectly through elected representatives (parliamentarians and councillors in the case of South Africa). Although there is no universally accepted definition of the democracy, equality and freedom have both been identified as important characteristics of democracies since ancient times. Due to the nature of the past systems pre-1994 in terms of public participation, the government passed several reforms to redress the problem. Legislation was developed in order to be a yardstick on how the issues of public participation should be carried out. These reforms are more effectively implemented in the local sphere (municipalities) as the services are rendered within their space; they further ensure sustainability and continuity in development issues so as to strengthen good governance and accountability. Using the Blue Crane Route Municipality as a point of departure, the study explored the extent to which the community is involved in their development in terms of development programmes and planning as well as the role played by the public in terms of planning. The study further discovered ways in which stumbling blocks pertaining to public participation in local government planning can be improved for the betterment of the community. Though there are many systems in place to address the issues of public participation between the municipality and community, there is still a cry in the community that public participation is not implemented in a satisfactory manner. Recommendations have been made as to how far can this public participation issue be carried through, in order to ensure fair implementation for the betterment of the community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Hanabe, Samela Gift
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation , Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39610 , vital:35332
- Description: The concept of public participation gained more recognition after the introduction of democracy in South Africa. Democracy is a form of government in which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Democracy allows people to participate equally - either directly or through elected representatives. Several forms of democracy exist, key among them is direct democracy, in which citizens have direct and active participation in the decision making of the government; and representative democracy, where the political power is exercised indirectly through elected representatives (parliamentarians and councillors in the case of South Africa). Although there is no universally accepted definition of the democracy, equality and freedom have both been identified as important characteristics of democracies since ancient times. Due to the nature of the past systems pre-1994 in terms of public participation, the government passed several reforms to redress the problem. Legislation was developed in order to be a yardstick on how the issues of public participation should be carried out. These reforms are more effectively implemented in the local sphere (municipalities) as the services are rendered within their space; they further ensure sustainability and continuity in development issues so as to strengthen good governance and accountability. Using the Blue Crane Route Municipality as a point of departure, the study explored the extent to which the community is involved in their development in terms of development programmes and planning as well as the role played by the public in terms of planning. The study further discovered ways in which stumbling blocks pertaining to public participation in local government planning can be improved for the betterment of the community. Though there are many systems in place to address the issues of public participation between the municipality and community, there is still a cry in the community that public participation is not implemented in a satisfactory manner. Recommendations have been made as to how far can this public participation issue be carried through, in order to ensure fair implementation for the betterment of the community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Job satisfaction and workplace stress of public service staff in the Eastern and Western Cape of South Africa
- De Koning, Divan, Van Niekerk, Roelf
- Authors: De Koning, Divan , Van Niekerk, Roelf
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Job stress , Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Western Cape. Public service employment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Public service employment -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39414 , vital:35244
- Description: The aim of the study was to measure and explore the job satisfaction and workplace stress levels of public service staff within the Eastern and Western Cape of South Africa, as well as to establish the extent of the relationship between the areas of job satisfaction and workplace stress. The measure was predominantly administered to staff that the researcher came into contact with as a result of psychometric assessments that their employer required them to complete. The researcher facilitated the role of a service provider to the public service entities and utilised this opportunity to encourage staff to complete the measure. The measure covered five job satisfaction and seven workplace stress variables. 230 staff members completed the measure of which 170 was deemed to be useable. A quantitative study thereby enabling the investigation into the potential sources of job dissatisfaction and workplace stress was conducted. Eight hypotheses had been formulated in order to facilitate the comparisons and had been informed by prior research. The quantitative analysis established that both of the sections in the measure (job satisfaction and workplace stress) averaged Cronbach’s alphas in excess of .60 for the 12 variables measured, this, therefore, exceeded the minimum benchmark that had been set for the study. As such, the measures were considered to be appropriate measures of their respective constructs. Staff were most satisfied with the hours that they worked and least satisfied with their opportunities for promotion. Staff experienced the least amount of stress related to bullying at work and experienced the most stress related to the intensity with which they were expected to work. A moderate relationship between workplace stress and job satisfaction was identified along with strong relationships between the factors of, managerial support and work relationships; managerial support and work activities; and between role and work activities. Moderate support was found for hypothesis six which referred to the relationships between job satisfaction and age. The study aided in enhancing insight into the causes of workplace stress and job dissatisfaction within public service in South Africa and can serve as a basis for future studies into the public service industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: De Koning, Divan , Van Niekerk, Roelf
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Job stress , Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Western Cape. Public service employment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Public service employment -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39414 , vital:35244
- Description: The aim of the study was to measure and explore the job satisfaction and workplace stress levels of public service staff within the Eastern and Western Cape of South Africa, as well as to establish the extent of the relationship between the areas of job satisfaction and workplace stress. The measure was predominantly administered to staff that the researcher came into contact with as a result of psychometric assessments that their employer required them to complete. The researcher facilitated the role of a service provider to the public service entities and utilised this opportunity to encourage staff to complete the measure. The measure covered five job satisfaction and seven workplace stress variables. 230 staff members completed the measure of which 170 was deemed to be useable. A quantitative study thereby enabling the investigation into the potential sources of job dissatisfaction and workplace stress was conducted. Eight hypotheses had been formulated in order to facilitate the comparisons and had been informed by prior research. The quantitative analysis established that both of the sections in the measure (job satisfaction and workplace stress) averaged Cronbach’s alphas in excess of .60 for the 12 variables measured, this, therefore, exceeded the minimum benchmark that had been set for the study. As such, the measures were considered to be appropriate measures of their respective constructs. Staff were most satisfied with the hours that they worked and least satisfied with their opportunities for promotion. Staff experienced the least amount of stress related to bullying at work and experienced the most stress related to the intensity with which they were expected to work. A moderate relationship between workplace stress and job satisfaction was identified along with strong relationships between the factors of, managerial support and work relationships; managerial support and work activities; and between role and work activities. Moderate support was found for hypothesis six which referred to the relationships between job satisfaction and age. The study aided in enhancing insight into the causes of workplace stress and job dissatisfaction within public service in South Africa and can serve as a basis for future studies into the public service industry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Local economic development in Bhofolo location in Raymond Mhlaba Municipality
- Authors: Manqunyana, Siyabulela
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40922 , vital:36270
- Description: This study explored Local Economic Development (LED) in Bhofolo Location at Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. The purpose of local economic development is to build up the capacity of a local area in order to improve its community future and the better quality of life for all. It is a process by which communities, private sector and non-government sector partners work collectively to create better conducive environment for economic growth and employment generation. The successes of the community today depends upon its ability to adopt to the dynamic local, regional, provincial, national and international market economy. The ability of communities to improve quality of life, create new economic opportunities and fight poverty that depend upon them being able to understand the LED processes. Local Government in South Africa faces several cogent development challenges. A number of interventions, such as legislations, strategies and policies have been introduced by national, provincial and local spheres of government to confront challenges of unemployment, food security and skills shortage, with partial success. The literature review included an analysis of legislative frameworks for LED, definitions and theories of LED and a case study of Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. In this regard, an explanation of the concept of LED was provided so as to contextualise the study. Apart from the lack of funding, LED appears to suffer from the lack of stakeholder participation as well as monitoring and evaluation. To further contextualise this study, the debate on LED challenges in South Africa’s local government sphere was presented to highlight the current challenges. Drawing from the presented context and discussions, a conceptual framework was articulated and recommendations presented, which were intended to assist municipalities to ensure that viable LED strategies are developed and implemented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Manqunyana, Siyabulela
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Municipal government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40922 , vital:36270
- Description: This study explored Local Economic Development (LED) in Bhofolo Location at Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. The purpose of local economic development is to build up the capacity of a local area in order to improve its community future and the better quality of life for all. It is a process by which communities, private sector and non-government sector partners work collectively to create better conducive environment for economic growth and employment generation. The successes of the community today depends upon its ability to adopt to the dynamic local, regional, provincial, national and international market economy. The ability of communities to improve quality of life, create new economic opportunities and fight poverty that depend upon them being able to understand the LED processes. Local Government in South Africa faces several cogent development challenges. A number of interventions, such as legislations, strategies and policies have been introduced by national, provincial and local spheres of government to confront challenges of unemployment, food security and skills shortage, with partial success. The literature review included an analysis of legislative frameworks for LED, definitions and theories of LED and a case study of Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. In this regard, an explanation of the concept of LED was provided so as to contextualise the study. Apart from the lack of funding, LED appears to suffer from the lack of stakeholder participation as well as monitoring and evaluation. To further contextualise this study, the debate on LED challenges in South Africa’s local government sphere was presented to highlight the current challenges. Drawing from the presented context and discussions, a conceptual framework was articulated and recommendations presented, which were intended to assist municipalities to ensure that viable LED strategies are developed and implemented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Local economic development through small businesses in Dimbaza
- Authors: Gantsho, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economics -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42174 , vital:36632
- Description: This study was conducted in Dimbaza, a small town outside of King Williams Town. Dimbaza was created as a resettlement township during Apartheid in 1967. The study investigated local economic development through small businesses. The study described the state of the small business sector, it presented the contribution this sector has towards employment creation and income generation. Furthermore, it investigated the challenges that the small business sector in Dimbaza faces and the level of responsiveness from the local authorities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality which Dimbaza falls under. The study was conducted using a survey questionnaire which was administered to small business entrepreneurs. Furthermore, a focus group with small business owners and semi-structured interviews were conducted with officials from the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Business Development and Local Economic Development Directorate. The findings of the study suggest that Dimbaza has a large informal economy which has of survivalist entrepreneurs with small and micro businesses. It is evident from the study that the small business sector in Dimbaza is facing the following challenges: No access to funding opportunities, a lack of infrastructure, lack of proper running water and electricity and lack of economic development programmes from the municipality. There is a dire need for the intervention of local authorities in the small business sector in Dimbaza. Buffalo City Municipality needs to ensure the creation and implementation of programmes through Local Economic Development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Gantsho, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economics -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42174 , vital:36632
- Description: This study was conducted in Dimbaza, a small town outside of King Williams Town. Dimbaza was created as a resettlement township during Apartheid in 1967. The study investigated local economic development through small businesses. The study described the state of the small business sector, it presented the contribution this sector has towards employment creation and income generation. Furthermore, it investigated the challenges that the small business sector in Dimbaza faces and the level of responsiveness from the local authorities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality which Dimbaza falls under. The study was conducted using a survey questionnaire which was administered to small business entrepreneurs. Furthermore, a focus group with small business owners and semi-structured interviews were conducted with officials from the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Business Development and Local Economic Development Directorate. The findings of the study suggest that Dimbaza has a large informal economy which has of survivalist entrepreneurs with small and micro businesses. It is evident from the study that the small business sector in Dimbaza is facing the following challenges: No access to funding opportunities, a lack of infrastructure, lack of proper running water and electricity and lack of economic development programmes from the municipality. There is a dire need for the intervention of local authorities in the small business sector in Dimbaza. Buffalo City Municipality needs to ensure the creation and implementation of programmes through Local Economic Development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Management of peer education programmes for poverty alleviation in selected Graaff-Reinet schools
- Authors: Nqimfa, Nomalungelo Dorith
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Team learning approach in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Group work in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Peer teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42792 , vital:36692
- Description: Poverty in Graaff-Reinet is rife and inhibits successful learning among learners in that area. Poverty is not confined to any one racial group in South Africa; however, it is concentrated in rural areas. The researcher identified Graaff-Reinet as an area of study because it is a developing rural town, wherein social-economic development opportunities are arising especially at Camdeboo Local Municipality. This research examined the imbalances of the past, particularly in the South African education system that still creates learning challenges for learners from disadvantaged communities. These challenges include a high rate of school dropouts and failure; violence; substance abuse; teenage pregnancies; and unemployment. This study investigates peer education programmes implemented as an intervention strategy aimed at increasing learners’ academic achievements and supporting healthy behaviours. The aim of the research was to evaluate how the management of peer education programmes might help reduce poverty and meet the social and economic challenges facing Graaff-Reinet by promoting sustainable livelihoods. The research also focussed on how relevant stakeholders and the community could assist in the management of a peer education programme. The researcher used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, as they were complementary and provided detailed data that led to a thorough analysis of the research topic. Thus, integrating qualitative and quantitative research meant that numerical data as well as theoretical data were gathered. This non-experimental research study included a variety of different methods that described the relationships between the variables included in the descriptive/historical research method, which described the characteristics of existing and past phenomena. Because of the restricted extent of the research, no empirical survey was conducted. The data were collected from relevant literature sources consisting of books, legislation documents and programmatic documents from the two schools of the study and the Camdeboo Local Municipality, using knowledgeable individuals in the field. The researcher analysed documents by using an inductive approach. Moreover, the researcher focused on all types of written material that could shed light on the management of peer education programmes in addressing social issues in schools in Graaff-Reinet. A number of theoretical criteria to deal with the research problems were identified from the available literature, from which conclusions were drawn and recommendations made.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Nqimfa, Nomalungelo Dorith
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Team learning approach in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Group work in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Peer teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42792 , vital:36692
- Description: Poverty in Graaff-Reinet is rife and inhibits successful learning among learners in that area. Poverty is not confined to any one racial group in South Africa; however, it is concentrated in rural areas. The researcher identified Graaff-Reinet as an area of study because it is a developing rural town, wherein social-economic development opportunities are arising especially at Camdeboo Local Municipality. This research examined the imbalances of the past, particularly in the South African education system that still creates learning challenges for learners from disadvantaged communities. These challenges include a high rate of school dropouts and failure; violence; substance abuse; teenage pregnancies; and unemployment. This study investigates peer education programmes implemented as an intervention strategy aimed at increasing learners’ academic achievements and supporting healthy behaviours. The aim of the research was to evaluate how the management of peer education programmes might help reduce poverty and meet the social and economic challenges facing Graaff-Reinet by promoting sustainable livelihoods. The research also focussed on how relevant stakeholders and the community could assist in the management of a peer education programme. The researcher used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, as they were complementary and provided detailed data that led to a thorough analysis of the research topic. Thus, integrating qualitative and quantitative research meant that numerical data as well as theoretical data were gathered. This non-experimental research study included a variety of different methods that described the relationships between the variables included in the descriptive/historical research method, which described the characteristics of existing and past phenomena. Because of the restricted extent of the research, no empirical survey was conducted. The data were collected from relevant literature sources consisting of books, legislation documents and programmatic documents from the two schools of the study and the Camdeboo Local Municipality, using knowledgeable individuals in the field. The researcher analysed documents by using an inductive approach. Moreover, the researcher focused on all types of written material that could shed light on the management of peer education programmes in addressing social issues in schools in Graaff-Reinet. A number of theoretical criteria to deal with the research problems were identified from the available literature, from which conclusions were drawn and recommendations made.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Noel Chabani Manganyi: a psychobiographical study
- Authors: Ngcobo, Qapela
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Developmental psychology , Psychology -- Biographical methods Self-actualization (Psychology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41829 , vital:36601
- Description: This is a psychobiographical study that focused on a historically significant and extraordinary individual over his entire lifespan with the aim of unearthing and reconstructing his life from a psychological perspective. Noel Chabani Manganyi was chosen for this study through purposive non-random sampling. He was identified based on his success in the discipline and profession of psychology, and his role as both activist and advocate during the period of Apartheid. To date, no psychobiographical study on Manganyi has been produced. As such, the aim of the study drew strongly from the theoretical work of Daniel Levinson, this study paid great attention to exploring the life events and experiences of Manganyi, and how these informed the attributes of his character. The research design used an exploratory-descriptive single case study. The data was collected using published material by the subject of the study, journal articles, newspaper articles, internet documents, and audio-visual material in the form of videos.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Ngcobo, Qapela
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Developmental psychology , Psychology -- Biographical methods Self-actualization (Psychology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41829 , vital:36601
- Description: This is a psychobiographical study that focused on a historically significant and extraordinary individual over his entire lifespan with the aim of unearthing and reconstructing his life from a psychological perspective. Noel Chabani Manganyi was chosen for this study through purposive non-random sampling. He was identified based on his success in the discipline and profession of psychology, and his role as both activist and advocate during the period of Apartheid. To date, no psychobiographical study on Manganyi has been produced. As such, the aim of the study drew strongly from the theoretical work of Daniel Levinson, this study paid great attention to exploring the life events and experiences of Manganyi, and how these informed the attributes of his character. The research design used an exploratory-descriptive single case study. The data was collected using published material by the subject of the study, journal articles, newspaper articles, internet documents, and audio-visual material in the form of videos.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Perceptions of the labour - management relationship in the Botswana public service bargaining council
- Authors: Mokena, Kemoneilwe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Collective bargaining -- Botswana , Industrial relations -- Botswana Labor unions -- Botswana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42052 , vital:36621
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to explore the interests, beliefs, attitudes and experiences of the parties to the PSBC in order to identify firstly, the significant paradigms shaping their behaviours and secondly, to evaluate the extent to which these paradigms facilitate or inhibit successful collective bargaining between the two parties as currently constituted in the PSBC. The secondary objective was to develop recommendations to the PSBC for improved relations between the parties. This study was a qualitative exploration of perceptions of labour-management relations in the Public Service Bargaining Council of Botswana. A phenomenological approach was adopted in this study to explore the parties’ perspectives, experiences of the labour-management relations from their description of the relationship. Data collection was done through interviews. An interview schedule with two sets of semi-structured questions, one for trade unions and another for public service management was used to guide data collection from participants. However, interviews were only done with the trade union party as the researcher could not interview management due the long process required for public service managers give interviews. The results of the study revealed a diverse and nuanced interrelation between politics, macroeconomic policy and culture impacting Labour-management relations in Botswana. Firstly, the results show two unique relationships affecting employment relations in the Botswana public service. The first relationship was between labour and state and the second between labour and management. The relationship between the state and labour is characterised by antagonism and subordination of labour to capital and the state in a bid to secure industrial peace and attract foreign direct investment. The labour-management relationship in the Botswana public service has been impacted or influenced the by managers who hold Paternalistic Unitarist employment views and the labour movement which exhibit a shift from pluralist to critical employment relations views. The 2011 public service strike was identified as an “anchoring event” which has transformed the labour -management relations in the Botswana public service from accommodation to antagonism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mokena, Kemoneilwe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Collective bargaining -- Botswana , Industrial relations -- Botswana Labor unions -- Botswana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42052 , vital:36621
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to explore the interests, beliefs, attitudes and experiences of the parties to the PSBC in order to identify firstly, the significant paradigms shaping their behaviours and secondly, to evaluate the extent to which these paradigms facilitate or inhibit successful collective bargaining between the two parties as currently constituted in the PSBC. The secondary objective was to develop recommendations to the PSBC for improved relations between the parties. This study was a qualitative exploration of perceptions of labour-management relations in the Public Service Bargaining Council of Botswana. A phenomenological approach was adopted in this study to explore the parties’ perspectives, experiences of the labour-management relations from their description of the relationship. Data collection was done through interviews. An interview schedule with two sets of semi-structured questions, one for trade unions and another for public service management was used to guide data collection from participants. However, interviews were only done with the trade union party as the researcher could not interview management due the long process required for public service managers give interviews. The results of the study revealed a diverse and nuanced interrelation between politics, macroeconomic policy and culture impacting Labour-management relations in Botswana. Firstly, the results show two unique relationships affecting employment relations in the Botswana public service. The first relationship was between labour and state and the second between labour and management. The relationship between the state and labour is characterised by antagonism and subordination of labour to capital and the state in a bid to secure industrial peace and attract foreign direct investment. The labour-management relationship in the Botswana public service has been impacted or influenced the by managers who hold Paternalistic Unitarist employment views and the labour movement which exhibit a shift from pluralist to critical employment relations views. The 2011 public service strike was identified as an “anchoring event” which has transformed the labour -management relations in the Botswana public service from accommodation to antagonism.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019