Investigation into causes of service delivery protests in municipalities :a case study of Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Authors: Shaidi, Elisante Walter
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Municipal government|zSouth Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Municipal government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:8245 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011153 , Municipal government|zSouth Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Municipal government
- Description: This study investigates the causes of the service delivery protests in South African municipalities that occurred between 2005 to 2013. In a sense, the recent widespread service delivery protests which, in many instances, have turned violent, have sounded an alarm that cannot be ignored. The study is premised on the fact that no political democracy can survive and flourish if the mass of its people remain in poverty, and in a state of inequality and unemployed without tangible prospects for a better life. In this regard, the presence of service delivery protests, especially violent ones, is a threat to South Africa’s young democracy and its sustainability. This study is based on the assumption that the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, like other municipalities in South Africa, could be confronted with the possibility of further violent service delivery protests if the current causes were not scientifically investigated and solutions found. The study adopted a hypothesis with a view that South African municipalities could succeed in rendering effective public services if matters of poor public participation, corruption, service delivery inhibiting systemic factors, a cumbersome legislative environment, political infighting, poor intergovernmental fiscal regime and the low capacity of municipalities were adequately addressed. The study proposed to provide a brief literature review on the emergence of service delivery protests against the backdrop of a theoretical investigation on the new local government developmental mandate. The empirical survey and research methodology employed in the study is described, followed by the operationalisation of the survey questionnaire used for gathering field data. The research findings of the empirical survey are then statistically analysed, interpreted and reported. Some of the findings on the causes of service delivery protests includes slow pace of service delivery, especially in the delivery of sustainable human settlements, poor public participation and other underpinning systemic factors. Recommendations flowing from, inter alia, the results of the empirical study, are presented on how the existing status quo can be changed to enhance service delivery and development. If adopted, these recommendations will enable the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality, as a development agent, to fulfil its developmental mandate thereby addressing the causes of the service delivery protests currently facing it.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Shaidi, Elisante Walter
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Municipal government|zSouth Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Municipal government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:8245 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011153 , Municipal government|zSouth Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Municipal government
- Description: This study investigates the causes of the service delivery protests in South African municipalities that occurred between 2005 to 2013. In a sense, the recent widespread service delivery protests which, in many instances, have turned violent, have sounded an alarm that cannot be ignored. The study is premised on the fact that no political democracy can survive and flourish if the mass of its people remain in poverty, and in a state of inequality and unemployed without tangible prospects for a better life. In this regard, the presence of service delivery protests, especially violent ones, is a threat to South Africa’s young democracy and its sustainability. This study is based on the assumption that the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, like other municipalities in South Africa, could be confronted with the possibility of further violent service delivery protests if the current causes were not scientifically investigated and solutions found. The study adopted a hypothesis with a view that South African municipalities could succeed in rendering effective public services if matters of poor public participation, corruption, service delivery inhibiting systemic factors, a cumbersome legislative environment, political infighting, poor intergovernmental fiscal regime and the low capacity of municipalities were adequately addressed. The study proposed to provide a brief literature review on the emergence of service delivery protests against the backdrop of a theoretical investigation on the new local government developmental mandate. The empirical survey and research methodology employed in the study is described, followed by the operationalisation of the survey questionnaire used for gathering field data. The research findings of the empirical survey are then statistically analysed, interpreted and reported. Some of the findings on the causes of service delivery protests includes slow pace of service delivery, especially in the delivery of sustainable human settlements, poor public participation and other underpinning systemic factors. Recommendations flowing from, inter alia, the results of the empirical study, are presented on how the existing status quo can be changed to enhance service delivery and development. If adopted, these recommendations will enable the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality, as a development agent, to fulfil its developmental mandate thereby addressing the causes of the service delivery protests currently facing it.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Investigation into HIV/AIDS coverage in selected South African newspapers
- Authors: Moqasa, Nketsi Abel
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) in mass media , Mass media -- South Africa , Journalism -- Social aspects , AIDS (Disease) -- South Africa , Content analysis (Communication) , Press -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Com)
- Identifier: vital:11367 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006285 , AIDS (Disease) in mass media , Mass media -- South Africa , Journalism -- Social aspects , AIDS (Disease) -- South Africa , Content analysis (Communication) , Press -- South Africa
- Description: This study investigates HIV/AIDS coverage in selected South African newspapers. The rationale for the study hinges on the fact that the media’s role in informing society about social issues, such as HIV/AIDS, is of paramount importance. The study adopted, principally, the content analysis method and, as a supplement, discourse analysis. Four daily newspapers were content-analysed, namely: Daily Dispatch, Daily Sun, Sowetan and The Star. A total of 288 editions of newspapers, spanning a period of twelve months (January to December 2010) were sampled. This study is informed by agenda setting theory. Discourse analysis was used to determine the compliance of these newspapers to media guides on the use of appropriate language or terminologies. The tone, sentence structures used when disseminating HIV/AIDS stories were also examined. The results revealed that HIV/AIDS coverage by these newspapers is reasonable even though the prominence given to HIV/AIDS issues is dissatisfactory in terms of placement on the page, headline font-size and number of paragraphs devoted to HIV/AIDS stories. 5.0% of HIV/AIDS-oriented stories were placed on the front page; 93.8% on the inside pages while 1.3% were placed on the back pages. It was also found that news and feature were used equally to disseminate HIV/AIDS issues. These genres constituted 50% each. On the other hand, the results revealed a statistically non-significant relationship between the newspapers and categories; that is: (25.09 2 , p 0.122 0.05 ). Results further revealed that these newspapers used appropriate terminology and value-neutral language in their stories. The tone of the messages was found to be positive and encouraging.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Moqasa, Nketsi Abel
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) in mass media , Mass media -- South Africa , Journalism -- Social aspects , AIDS (Disease) -- South Africa , Content analysis (Communication) , Press -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Com)
- Identifier: vital:11367 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006285 , AIDS (Disease) in mass media , Mass media -- South Africa , Journalism -- Social aspects , AIDS (Disease) -- South Africa , Content analysis (Communication) , Press -- South Africa
- Description: This study investigates HIV/AIDS coverage in selected South African newspapers. The rationale for the study hinges on the fact that the media’s role in informing society about social issues, such as HIV/AIDS, is of paramount importance. The study adopted, principally, the content analysis method and, as a supplement, discourse analysis. Four daily newspapers were content-analysed, namely: Daily Dispatch, Daily Sun, Sowetan and The Star. A total of 288 editions of newspapers, spanning a period of twelve months (January to December 2010) were sampled. This study is informed by agenda setting theory. Discourse analysis was used to determine the compliance of these newspapers to media guides on the use of appropriate language or terminologies. The tone, sentence structures used when disseminating HIV/AIDS stories were also examined. The results revealed that HIV/AIDS coverage by these newspapers is reasonable even though the prominence given to HIV/AIDS issues is dissatisfactory in terms of placement on the page, headline font-size and number of paragraphs devoted to HIV/AIDS stories. 5.0% of HIV/AIDS-oriented stories were placed on the front page; 93.8% on the inside pages while 1.3% were placed on the back pages. It was also found that news and feature were used equally to disseminate HIV/AIDS issues. These genres constituted 50% each. On the other hand, the results revealed a statistically non-significant relationship between the newspapers and categories; that is: (25.09 2 , p 0.122 0.05 ). Results further revealed that these newspapers used appropriate terminology and value-neutral language in their stories. The tone of the messages was found to be positive and encouraging.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Investigation into the technical feasibility of biological treatment of precious metal refining wastewater
- Authors: Moore, Bronwyn Ann
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Sewage -- Purification -- Biological treatment -- South Africa Sewage -- Purification -- Activated sludge process -- South Africa Water reuse -- South Africa Flotation -- South Africa Platinum mines and mining -- Waste disposal -- South Africa Platinum mines and mining -- Economic aspects -- South Africa Mine water -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa Platinum mines and mining -- Waste minimization -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3888 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002013
- Description: The hydrometallurgical refining of platinum group metals results in large volumes of liquid waste that requires suitable treatment before any disposal can be contemplated. The wastewater streams are characterized by extremes of pH, high inorganic ion content (such as chloride), significant residual metal loads and small amounts of entrained organic compounds. Historically these effluents were housed in evaporation reservoirs, however lack of space and growing water demands have led Anglo Platinum to consider treatment of these effluents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether biological wastewater treatment could produce water suitable for onsite reuse. Bench-scale activated sludge and anaerobic digestion for co-treatment of an acidic refinery waste stream with domestic wastewater were used to give preliminary data. Activated sludge showed better water treatment at lab scale in terms of removal efficiencies of ammonia (approximately 25%, cf. 20% in anaerobic digestion) and COD (70% cf. 43% in digestion) and greater robustness when biomass health was compared. Activated sludge was consequently selected for a pilot plant trial. The pilot plant was operated on-site and performed comparably with the bench-scale system, however challenges in the clarifier design led to losses of biomass and poor effluent quality (suspended solids washout). The pilot plant was unable to alter the pH of the feed, but a two week maturation period resulted in the pH increasing from 5.3 to 7.0. Tests on algal treatment as an alternative or follow-on unit operation to activated sludge showed it not to be a viable process. The activated sludge effluent was assessed for onsite reuse in flotation and it was found that there was no significant difference between its flotation performance and that of the process water currently used, indicating the effluent generated by the biological treatment system can be used successfully for flotation. Flotation is the method whereby minerals refining operations recover minerals of interest from ore through the addition of chemicals and aeration of the ore slurry. Target minerals adhere to the bubbles and can be removed from the process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Moore, Bronwyn Ann
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Sewage -- Purification -- Biological treatment -- South Africa Sewage -- Purification -- Activated sludge process -- South Africa Water reuse -- South Africa Flotation -- South Africa Platinum mines and mining -- Waste disposal -- South Africa Platinum mines and mining -- Economic aspects -- South Africa Mine water -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa Platinum mines and mining -- Waste minimization -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3888 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002013
- Description: The hydrometallurgical refining of platinum group metals results in large volumes of liquid waste that requires suitable treatment before any disposal can be contemplated. The wastewater streams are characterized by extremes of pH, high inorganic ion content (such as chloride), significant residual metal loads and small amounts of entrained organic compounds. Historically these effluents were housed in evaporation reservoirs, however lack of space and growing water demands have led Anglo Platinum to consider treatment of these effluents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether biological wastewater treatment could produce water suitable for onsite reuse. Bench-scale activated sludge and anaerobic digestion for co-treatment of an acidic refinery waste stream with domestic wastewater were used to give preliminary data. Activated sludge showed better water treatment at lab scale in terms of removal efficiencies of ammonia (approximately 25%, cf. 20% in anaerobic digestion) and COD (70% cf. 43% in digestion) and greater robustness when biomass health was compared. Activated sludge was consequently selected for a pilot plant trial. The pilot plant was operated on-site and performed comparably with the bench-scale system, however challenges in the clarifier design led to losses of biomass and poor effluent quality (suspended solids washout). The pilot plant was unable to alter the pH of the feed, but a two week maturation period resulted in the pH increasing from 5.3 to 7.0. Tests on algal treatment as an alternative or follow-on unit operation to activated sludge showed it not to be a viable process. The activated sludge effluent was assessed for onsite reuse in flotation and it was found that there was no significant difference between its flotation performance and that of the process water currently used, indicating the effluent generated by the biological treatment system can be used successfully for flotation. Flotation is the method whereby minerals refining operations recover minerals of interest from ore through the addition of chemicals and aeration of the ore slurry. Target minerals adhere to the bubbles and can be removed from the process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Investigation of institutions for the implementation of the Dutywa Agripark Project in Mbashe Local Municipality in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Ndita, Bongani Herschel
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Agricultural development projects , Rangelands
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24587 , vital:63210
- Description: The study investigated local institutions amongst Agri-park project beneficiaries: A case of Dutywa Agri-park in Mbashe Local Municipality. Specifically, the dissertation sought to: investigate formal and informal institutions pertaining to land, rangeland management and support services, extension services amongst Agri-park beneficiaries, and explore options with communities to strengthen these institutions for the application of the Agri-park projects. The role of local institutions in economic development has received steadily increasing attention from researchers, policy makers and development practitioners. , institutions can be defined as the formal and informal rules of the game that have been formulated to rule people‟s behaviour and transactions. Informal rules may include among others, customs, norms and standards, religion, indigenous law while formal rules may include laws, constitutions, policies, markets and firms. This study used a survey design, quantitative and qualitative research methodologies involving the use of questionnaire. The data for this study was collected from 114 households which are Agri-park project beneficiaries, the extension officer, project site manager and local economic development officer. The data were collected through face to face and telephonic interviews. Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) were used for descriptive analysis in order to identify the existing local institutions and how they should be strengthen. The results showed that a number of local institutions do exist. The main findings of this study were as follows: (1) Project beneficiaries were aware of their stakeholders and that they knew the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the project. (2) Traditional leaders were aware about the project and that they have a major role to play. (3) Project beneficiaries have organized themselves into groups of co-operatives and their co-operatives are registered with the Department of Agriculture. (4) Project initiators are going to transfer the ownership of the project to these communities after it becomes well established. (5) There was a mutual agreement of youth employment rotation in the project between these four communities. (6) The condition of lease agreement for a land where the project currently running is 9 months renewable contract with the rental payment of R 6300.00 per annum. (7) The lease agreement gives the church a property right to reclaim the land should payments not be made. (8) Project beneficiaries possess some agricultural skills and that they have received various training. The study recommended that there is a need to strengthen these rules and regulation for the project to become more efficient and productive in the long-run. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Ndita, Bongani Herschel
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Agricultural development projects , Rangelands
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24587 , vital:63210
- Description: The study investigated local institutions amongst Agri-park project beneficiaries: A case of Dutywa Agri-park in Mbashe Local Municipality. Specifically, the dissertation sought to: investigate formal and informal institutions pertaining to land, rangeland management and support services, extension services amongst Agri-park beneficiaries, and explore options with communities to strengthen these institutions for the application of the Agri-park projects. The role of local institutions in economic development has received steadily increasing attention from researchers, policy makers and development practitioners. , institutions can be defined as the formal and informal rules of the game that have been formulated to rule people‟s behaviour and transactions. Informal rules may include among others, customs, norms and standards, religion, indigenous law while formal rules may include laws, constitutions, policies, markets and firms. This study used a survey design, quantitative and qualitative research methodologies involving the use of questionnaire. The data for this study was collected from 114 households which are Agri-park project beneficiaries, the extension officer, project site manager and local economic development officer. The data were collected through face to face and telephonic interviews. Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) were used for descriptive analysis in order to identify the existing local institutions and how they should be strengthen. The results showed that a number of local institutions do exist. The main findings of this study were as follows: (1) Project beneficiaries were aware of their stakeholders and that they knew the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the project. (2) Traditional leaders were aware about the project and that they have a major role to play. (3) Project beneficiaries have organized themselves into groups of co-operatives and their co-operatives are registered with the Department of Agriculture. (4) Project initiators are going to transfer the ownership of the project to these communities after it becomes well established. (5) There was a mutual agreement of youth employment rotation in the project between these four communities. (6) The condition of lease agreement for a land where the project currently running is 9 months renewable contract with the rental payment of R 6300.00 per annum. (7) The lease agreement gives the church a property right to reclaim the land should payments not be made. (8) Project beneficiaries possess some agricultural skills and that they have received various training. The study recommended that there is a need to strengthen these rules and regulation for the project to become more efficient and productive in the long-run. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Irreplaceable acting
- Authors: Wright, Laurence
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453995 , vital:75303 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC142419
- Description: What do I mean by irreplaceable acting? In one way all acting is irreplaceable. Very obviously, without acting there is no play, just a text - perhaps not even that, if one considers improvised pieces or physical theatre scenarios. In a more important sense, all acting is replaceable, almost by definition. The same part is played by different actors on different stages in different ages. Acting is replaceable, because it is acting; it is not the real thing. But some performances, some moments on stage, seem to me best described as irreplaceable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Wright, Laurence
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/453995 , vital:75303 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC142419
- Description: What do I mean by irreplaceable acting? In one way all acting is irreplaceable. Very obviously, without acting there is no play, just a text - perhaps not even that, if one considers improvised pieces or physical theatre scenarios. In a more important sense, all acting is replaceable, almost by definition. The same part is played by different actors on different stages in different ages. Acting is replaceable, because it is acting; it is not the real thing. But some performances, some moments on stage, seem to me best described as irreplaceable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Is classical biological control a 20th century" old science" paradigm that is losing its way?
- Sheppard, Andy, Werner, K, Hill, Martin P, McEvoy, Peter, Fowler, Simon, Hill, Richard
- Authors: Sheppard, Andy , Werner, K , Hill, Martin P , McEvoy, Peter , Fowler, Simon , Hill, Richard
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/425434 , vital:72239 , xlink:href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/44754"
- Description: For years most countries accepted the benefits of biological control as given, leading to facilitated inside lanes through the regulatory maze. "Successes" led to many passionate disciples over science rationalists. Biocontrol targets continue to be selected on assumptions of good value with little direct evidence. Even when successful, biocontrol has rarely delivered environmental benefits that have been measured. Money flow is still healthy, but is arguably being directed against less impactful targets. Lack of science rigour exposes the field to attacks from an increasing number of critics as values change. A global change driven counter-revolution is underway on the dichotomy of hate between natives and aliens. Will climate change undermine even currently successful biocontrol outcomes? Meanwhile negative direct and indirect impacts of biological continue to fuel dissent. Nowhere is this issue hotter than in Hawaii where "invaders" have massively increased biodiversity, make up nearly all the biomass and create whole new ecosystems. This workshop will entertain a panel discussion around the future for classical biological control of weeds. Does it need to change its paradigm in response to changing societal values, if so can it reinvent itself?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Sheppard, Andy , Werner, K , Hill, Martin P , McEvoy, Peter , Fowler, Simon , Hill, Richard
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/425434 , vital:72239 , xlink:href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/44754"
- Description: For years most countries accepted the benefits of biological control as given, leading to facilitated inside lanes through the regulatory maze. "Successes" led to many passionate disciples over science rationalists. Biocontrol targets continue to be selected on assumptions of good value with little direct evidence. Even when successful, biocontrol has rarely delivered environmental benefits that have been measured. Money flow is still healthy, but is arguably being directed against less impactful targets. Lack of science rigour exposes the field to attacks from an increasing number of critics as values change. A global change driven counter-revolution is underway on the dichotomy of hate between natives and aliens. Will climate change undermine even currently successful biocontrol outcomes? Meanwhile negative direct and indirect impacts of biological continue to fuel dissent. Nowhere is this issue hotter than in Hawaii where "invaders" have massively increased biodiversity, make up nearly all the biomass and create whole new ecosystems. This workshop will entertain a panel discussion around the future for classical biological control of weeds. Does it need to change its paradigm in response to changing societal values, if so can it reinvent itself?
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Is Fairtrade in commercial farms justifiable?: its impact on commercial and small-scale producers in South Africa
- Jari, Bridget, Snowball, Jeanette D, Fraser, Gavin C G
- Authors: Jari, Bridget , Snowball, Jeanette D , Fraser, Gavin C G
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69408 , vital:29519 , https://doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2013.847036
- Description: Fairtrade initially was limited to improving the lives of small-scale and peasant farmers, but later on it embraced commercial farmers, which attracted criticism. While there are a number of justifications for the Fairtrade organization's decision, there are authors who feel that meaningful “fair trade” cannot be achieved with the inclusion of commercial farms. This paper investigates the impact of Fairtrade on commercial farms and small-scale farmer cooperatives in South Africa. Fairtrade on South African commercial farms embraces a number of policy concerns related to land reform, BEE and sustainable development. The results of the study show that when commercial farms are included in the Fairtrade model, communities in which these farmers live benefit from developmental projects. In addition, in some instances, farm workers gain shares in the commercial farms, and benefit from the farm owners’ knowledge and capital.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Jari, Bridget , Snowball, Jeanette D , Fraser, Gavin C G
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69408 , vital:29519 , https://doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2013.847036
- Description: Fairtrade initially was limited to improving the lives of small-scale and peasant farmers, but later on it embraced commercial farmers, which attracted criticism. While there are a number of justifications for the Fairtrade organization's decision, there are authors who feel that meaningful “fair trade” cannot be achieved with the inclusion of commercial farms. This paper investigates the impact of Fairtrade on commercial farms and small-scale farmer cooperatives in South Africa. Fairtrade on South African commercial farms embraces a number of policy concerns related to land reform, BEE and sustainable development. The results of the study show that when commercial farms are included in the Fairtrade model, communities in which these farmers live benefit from developmental projects. In addition, in some instances, farm workers gain shares in the commercial farms, and benefit from the farm owners’ knowledge and capital.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
IsiXhosa lexicography: past, present and future
- Authors: Nkomo, Dion , Wababa, Zola
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67526 , vital:29108 , http://dx.doi.org/10.5788/23-1-1219
- Description: Publisher version , This article presents a panoramic and critical overview of isiXhosa lexicography and its impact on the intellectualisation of this indigenous South African language. The history of isi¬Xhosa lexicography dates back more than two centuries. However, there still exists a need for dic¬tionaries that serve the language-speaking community as practical tools for addressing diverse communication and learning-oriented needs in the current language policy dispensation. The Isi¬Xhosa National Lexicography Unit (XNLU) is currently working on dictionary projects that attempt to address this situation while at the same time not losing sight of the mandate that the Pan South African National Language Board (PanSALB) placed on all the National Lexicography Units (NLUs). For this to happen, the article argues that the NLU needs to put lexicographic prac¬tice into its historical perspective, i.e. conceiving dictionary projects in the light of existing diction¬aries and lexicographic traditions in the language. Over and above that, there is a need to take into account the recent developments in lexicographic research, adopt co-operative lexicographic prac¬tice and develop a dictionary culture among the isiXhosa-speaking community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Nkomo, Dion , Wababa, Zola
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67526 , vital:29108 , http://dx.doi.org/10.5788/23-1-1219
- Description: Publisher version , This article presents a panoramic and critical overview of isiXhosa lexicography and its impact on the intellectualisation of this indigenous South African language. The history of isi¬Xhosa lexicography dates back more than two centuries. However, there still exists a need for dic¬tionaries that serve the language-speaking community as practical tools for addressing diverse communication and learning-oriented needs in the current language policy dispensation. The Isi¬Xhosa National Lexicography Unit (XNLU) is currently working on dictionary projects that attempt to address this situation while at the same time not losing sight of the mandate that the Pan South African National Language Board (PanSALB) placed on all the National Lexicography Units (NLUs). For this to happen, the article argues that the NLU needs to put lexicographic prac¬tice into its historical perspective, i.e. conceiving dictionary projects in the light of existing diction¬aries and lexicographic traditions in the language. Over and above that, there is a need to take into account the recent developments in lexicographic research, adopt co-operative lexicographic prac¬tice and develop a dictionary culture among the isiXhosa-speaking community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Isocyanide complexes of rhenium
- Authors: Schoultz, Xandri
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Isocyanides , Rhenium , Complex compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10360 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021069
- Description: This study investigates the synthesis of rhenium(III)-isocyanide complexes with potentially bidentate ligands, as well as the reactivity of isocyanide ligands toward rhenium(I) and (V). The crystal structures of all the complexes have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The coordination behaviour of trans-[ReIIICl3(t-BuNC)(PPh3)2] with aniline and its derivatives were investigated. The isocyanide-containing rhenium(V) complexes [ReCl3(t-BuNC)(L)(PPh3)] were isolated, with the ligands H2L (aniline, o-phenylenediamine and anthranilic acid). In all these complexes the dianionic ligands L are coordinated monodentately as the imide. However, with 2-aminophenol the complexes [ReVCl2(t-BuNC)(L)(PPh3)2](ReO4) and [ReIIICl2(t-BuNC)(ibq)(PPh3)2] (ibq- = 2-iminobenzoquinonate) were identified as the products. [ReCl2(t-BuNC)(L)(PPh3)2](ReO4) is the product of a disproportionation reaction from Re(III) to Re(VII) and Re(V). All the above complexes show a distorted octahedral geometry around the rhenium. The products of the reaction of the Re(I) complex [Re(CO)5Cl] with isocyanides (tert-butyl- and cyclohexylisocyanide) are reported. Rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes of the form [Re(CO)3(CNR)2Cl] were isolated and they were characterized structurally and spectroscopically. The tricarbonyls are coordinated in the typical facial-fashion, whereas the isocyanides are coordinated cis to each other. The reaction of [Re(CO)3(t-BuNC)2Cl] with H2O led to the formation of the rhenium(I) complex [Re(CO)3(t-BuNC)2(OH2)] in which the aquo ligand can readily be substituted by a more complex ligand. The reaction of the rhenium(V) complexes cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] and mer-[ReOCl3(SMe2)(OPPh3)] with isocyanides were studied. The seven-coordinate trigonal prismatic, square faced monocapped rhenium(III) complex [ReI3(t-BuNC)3(PPh3)] was surprisingly isolated upon reacting cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with tert-butyl isocyanide. The dimeric complex (μ-O)[ReOCl2(CNC6H11)2]2 was obtained from the reaction of mer-[ReOCl3(SMe2)(OPPh3)] with cyclohexyl isocyanide.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Schoultz, Xandri
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Isocyanides , Rhenium , Complex compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10360 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021069
- Description: This study investigates the synthesis of rhenium(III)-isocyanide complexes with potentially bidentate ligands, as well as the reactivity of isocyanide ligands toward rhenium(I) and (V). The crystal structures of all the complexes have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The coordination behaviour of trans-[ReIIICl3(t-BuNC)(PPh3)2] with aniline and its derivatives were investigated. The isocyanide-containing rhenium(V) complexes [ReCl3(t-BuNC)(L)(PPh3)] were isolated, with the ligands H2L (aniline, o-phenylenediamine and anthranilic acid). In all these complexes the dianionic ligands L are coordinated monodentately as the imide. However, with 2-aminophenol the complexes [ReVCl2(t-BuNC)(L)(PPh3)2](ReO4) and [ReIIICl2(t-BuNC)(ibq)(PPh3)2] (ibq- = 2-iminobenzoquinonate) were identified as the products. [ReCl2(t-BuNC)(L)(PPh3)2](ReO4) is the product of a disproportionation reaction from Re(III) to Re(VII) and Re(V). All the above complexes show a distorted octahedral geometry around the rhenium. The products of the reaction of the Re(I) complex [Re(CO)5Cl] with isocyanides (tert-butyl- and cyclohexylisocyanide) are reported. Rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes of the form [Re(CO)3(CNR)2Cl] were isolated and they were characterized structurally and spectroscopically. The tricarbonyls are coordinated in the typical facial-fashion, whereas the isocyanides are coordinated cis to each other. The reaction of [Re(CO)3(t-BuNC)2Cl] with H2O led to the formation of the rhenium(I) complex [Re(CO)3(t-BuNC)2(OH2)] in which the aquo ligand can readily be substituted by a more complex ligand. The reaction of the rhenium(V) complexes cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] and mer-[ReOCl3(SMe2)(OPPh3)] with isocyanides were studied. The seven-coordinate trigonal prismatic, square faced monocapped rhenium(III) complex [ReI3(t-BuNC)3(PPh3)] was surprisingly isolated upon reacting cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with tert-butyl isocyanide. The dimeric complex (μ-O)[ReOCl2(CNC6H11)2]2 was obtained from the reaction of mer-[ReOCl3(SMe2)(OPPh3)] with cyclohexyl isocyanide.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Isolation, purification and kinetic characterization of prolyl endopeptidase from Titicum aestivum
- Authors: Abrahams, Adriam Mark
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Biochemistry)
- Identifier: vital:11269 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1004356 , Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Description: PEP activity has been described in several locations and has mostly been linked to a variety of neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, amnaesia, depression as well as other disease states such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and blood pressure regulation. The enzyme has also been previously isolated from a variety of archae, microorganisms and several eukaryotic species but no prolyl endopeptidases have been isolated from plants. Plants have high levels of proline and glutamine rich peptides in seeds. We therefore hypothesize plants must express PEPs during germination. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify known PEPs and putative plant PEPs. A global sequence alignment of putative plant PEPs and other known PEPs indicated that the active site amino acids Ser, His and Asp are conserved in putative plant PEP sequences. Furthermore, putative plant PEPs showed similar secondary structures to known PEPs and when a rice PEP was modelled onto porcine brain PEP structure, a high degree of similarity was found. Germination studies of wheat seed showed an increase of PEP activity over time with maximum PEP activity reached after 4 days of germination, which remained at this level until 9 days of germination, implying a function for PEP in plant seed germination. Wheat PEP was purified using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography with a final yield of less than 1 percent and a relative purity (only 2 bands detected by SDS-PAGE). The purified wheat PEP had a molecular weight of approximately 55kDa, substrate specificity for chymotrypsin-like substrates (N-Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNa, Km value of 0.58 mM, Kcat of 29.37 s–1; Kcat /Km 50813.14s–1 M–1); a pH optimum of 7.9; temperature optima of 37oC and a high sensitivity to temperature as indicated by loss of activity at temperatures above 40oC. Inhibition studies using E64, Leupeptin and PMSF confirmed that the wheat PEP is from the Serine protease family and is most likely a trypsin-like protease.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Abrahams, Adriam Mark
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Biochemistry)
- Identifier: vital:11269 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1004356 , Endopeptidases , Wheat , Chemical kinetics , Pharmacokinetics
- Description: PEP activity has been described in several locations and has mostly been linked to a variety of neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, amnaesia, depression as well as other disease states such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and blood pressure regulation. The enzyme has also been previously isolated from a variety of archae, microorganisms and several eukaryotic species but no prolyl endopeptidases have been isolated from plants. Plants have high levels of proline and glutamine rich peptides in seeds. We therefore hypothesize plants must express PEPs during germination. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify known PEPs and putative plant PEPs. A global sequence alignment of putative plant PEPs and other known PEPs indicated that the active site amino acids Ser, His and Asp are conserved in putative plant PEP sequences. Furthermore, putative plant PEPs showed similar secondary structures to known PEPs and when a rice PEP was modelled onto porcine brain PEP structure, a high degree of similarity was found. Germination studies of wheat seed showed an increase of PEP activity over time with maximum PEP activity reached after 4 days of germination, which remained at this level until 9 days of germination, implying a function for PEP in plant seed germination. Wheat PEP was purified using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography with a final yield of less than 1 percent and a relative purity (only 2 bands detected by SDS-PAGE). The purified wheat PEP had a molecular weight of approximately 55kDa, substrate specificity for chymotrypsin-like substrates (N-Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNa, Km value of 0.58 mM, Kcat of 29.37 s–1; Kcat /Km 50813.14s–1 M–1); a pH optimum of 7.9; temperature optima of 37oC and a high sensitivity to temperature as indicated by loss of activity at temperatures above 40oC. Inhibition studies using E64, Leupeptin and PMSF confirmed that the wheat PEP is from the Serine protease family and is most likely a trypsin-like protease.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Jakes Gerwel (1946 to 2012): Humble intellectual, scholar and leader
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:7897 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016447
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:7897 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016447
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Job satisfaction as a moderator of the relationship between work-family conflict and stress among female civil service managers in the Department of Education in the King William’s Town District
- Authors: Binqela, Thembisa
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Job stress -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Work -- Psychological aspects , Role conflict , Women employees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Women executives -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Working mothers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: vital:11553 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007092 , Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Job stress -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Work -- Psychological aspects , Role conflict , Women employees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Women executives -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Working mothers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The research at hand focuses on job satisfaction as a moderator of the relationship between work-family conflict and stress among female civil service managers in the Department of Education in the King William’s Town District. Samples of 100 employees were used in the study. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire which consisted of the following sections: (i) a biographical and occupational data questionnaire,(ii) Eum, Lee, and Paek’s (2007) Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire, (iii) Bedenia, Burke, and Moffat’s (1998) Short-form Work-family Conflict questionnaire, and (iv) Halpern’s (1966) Job Satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed by means of Pearson’s Correlation Technique, Multiple Regression Analysis, and Analysis of Variance. The results showed that job satisfaction does not moderate the relationship between work-family conflict and occupational stress. The study also found a significant positive correlation between work-family conflict and occupational stress and between work-family conflict and job satisfaction. It also showed that both work-family conflict and job satisfaction respectively accounted for a significant proportion of variance in occupational stress. The thesis ends with several recommendations for future research and for future professional or managerial practice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Binqela, Thembisa
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Job stress -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Work -- Psychological aspects , Role conflict , Women employees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Women executives -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Working mothers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: vital:11553 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007092 , Job satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Job stress -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Work -- Psychological aspects , Role conflict , Women employees -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Women executives -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Working mothers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The research at hand focuses on job satisfaction as a moderator of the relationship between work-family conflict and stress among female civil service managers in the Department of Education in the King William’s Town District. Samples of 100 employees were used in the study. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire which consisted of the following sections: (i) a biographical and occupational data questionnaire,(ii) Eum, Lee, and Paek’s (2007) Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire, (iii) Bedenia, Burke, and Moffat’s (1998) Short-form Work-family Conflict questionnaire, and (iv) Halpern’s (1966) Job Satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed by means of Pearson’s Correlation Technique, Multiple Regression Analysis, and Analysis of Variance. The results showed that job satisfaction does not moderate the relationship between work-family conflict and occupational stress. The study also found a significant positive correlation between work-family conflict and occupational stress and between work-family conflict and job satisfaction. It also showed that both work-family conflict and job satisfaction respectively accounted for a significant proportion of variance in occupational stress. The thesis ends with several recommendations for future research and for future professional or managerial practice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Karoo volcanic and intrusive rocks: Lesotho and Eastern Cape
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144890 , vital:38388
- Description: The Karoo Igneous Province is one of the classic Mesozoic continental flood basalt provinces. At present erosion levels it comprises numerous eroded remnants of an extensive, thick volcanic sequence (largely lava flows) and a well-exposed subvolcanic intrusive complex of dykes and sheets which are particularly abundant in the underlying Karoo sedimentary strata.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144890 , vital:38388
- Description: The Karoo Igneous Province is one of the classic Mesozoic continental flood basalt provinces. At present erosion levels it comprises numerous eroded remnants of an extensive, thick volcanic sequence (largely lava flows) and a well-exposed subvolcanic intrusive complex of dykes and sheets which are particularly abundant in the underlying Karoo sedimentary strata.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Knockdown of Hop downregulates RhoC expression, and decreases pseudopodia formation and migration in cancer cell lines:
- Willmer, Tarryn, Contu, Lara, Blatch, Gregory L, Edkins, Adrienne L
- Authors: Willmer, Tarryn , Contu, Lara , Blatch, Gregory L , Edkins, Adrienne L
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/165196 , vital:41217 , DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.09.021
- Description: The Hsp90/Hsp70 organising protein (Hop) is a co-chaperone that mediates the interaction of Hsp90 and Hsp70 molecular chaperones during assembly of Hsp90 complexes in cells. Formation of Hsp90 complexes is a key intermediate step in the maturation and homeostasis of oncoproteins and several hormone receptors. In this paper, we demonstrate that knockdown of Hop decreased migration of Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Hop was identified in isolated pseudopodia fractions; it colocalised with actin in lamellipodia, and co-sedimented with purified actin in vitro. Knockdown of Hop caused a decrease in the level of RhoC GTPase, and significantly inhibited pseudopodia formation in Hs578T cells. Our data suggest that Hop regulates directional cell migration by multiple unknown mechanisms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Willmer, Tarryn , Contu, Lara , Blatch, Gregory L , Edkins, Adrienne L
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/165196 , vital:41217 , DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.09.021
- Description: The Hsp90/Hsp70 organising protein (Hop) is a co-chaperone that mediates the interaction of Hsp90 and Hsp70 molecular chaperones during assembly of Hsp90 complexes in cells. Formation of Hsp90 complexes is a key intermediate step in the maturation and homeostasis of oncoproteins and several hormone receptors. In this paper, we demonstrate that knockdown of Hop decreased migration of Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Hop was identified in isolated pseudopodia fractions; it colocalised with actin in lamellipodia, and co-sedimented with purified actin in vitro. Knockdown of Hop caused a decrease in the level of RhoC GTPase, and significantly inhibited pseudopodia formation in Hs578T cells. Our data suggest that Hop regulates directional cell migration by multiple unknown mechanisms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Land claims and the pursuit of co-management on four protected areas in South Africa
- Cundill, Georgina, Thondhlana, Gladman, Sisitka, Lawrence, Shackleton, Sheona E, Blorea, M
- Authors: Cundill, Georgina , Thondhlana, Gladman , Sisitka, Lawrence , Shackleton, Sheona E , Blorea, M
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/391223 , vital:68632 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.05.016"
- Description: Successful land claims on protected areas by previously disenfranchised communities often result in co-management agreements between claimant communities and state conservation agencies. South Africa, in particular, has pursued co-management as the desired outcome of land claims on its protected areas. We review four cases of co-management on protected areas in South Africa, and reflect on the appropriateness of the pursuit of co-management as the preferred outcome of land claims. Despite promises of pro-poor, democratically informed management, the practical experience of co-management has seen the continuation of the status quo in terms of conservation, with very few material benefits for claimant communities and limited sharing of responsibilities and decision-making functions. The findings underscore two deep challenges facing co-management in cases of land claims worldwide. First, during land claims negotiations in cases involving protected areas, the state cannot be expected to represent the best interests of its citizens (the land claimants), while simultaneously seeking to meet national and international obligations for protected area coverage. Second, the concept of democratic co-management may sit uncomfortably beside the realities of managing loss-making protected areas with ever-shrinking conservation budgets. Where co-management agreements have already been signed, ensuring that new landowners do indeed have a say in management should form the driving focus for co-management practice going forward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Cundill, Georgina , Thondhlana, Gladman , Sisitka, Lawrence , Shackleton, Sheona E , Blorea, M
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/391223 , vital:68632 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.05.016"
- Description: Successful land claims on protected areas by previously disenfranchised communities often result in co-management agreements between claimant communities and state conservation agencies. South Africa, in particular, has pursued co-management as the desired outcome of land claims on its protected areas. We review four cases of co-management on protected areas in South Africa, and reflect on the appropriateness of the pursuit of co-management as the preferred outcome of land claims. Despite promises of pro-poor, democratically informed management, the practical experience of co-management has seen the continuation of the status quo in terms of conservation, with very few material benefits for claimant communities and limited sharing of responsibilities and decision-making functions. The findings underscore two deep challenges facing co-management in cases of land claims worldwide. First, during land claims negotiations in cases involving protected areas, the state cannot be expected to represent the best interests of its citizens (the land claimants), while simultaneously seeking to meet national and international obligations for protected area coverage. Second, the concept of democratic co-management may sit uncomfortably beside the realities of managing loss-making protected areas with ever-shrinking conservation budgets. Where co-management agreements have already been signed, ensuring that new landowners do indeed have a say in management should form the driving focus for co-management practice going forward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Language policy and planning in the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality: the challenges of implementation
- Seshoka, Keaobaka Omphile Precious
- Authors: Seshoka, Keaobaka Omphile Precious
- Date: 2013 , 2013-03-26
- Subjects: Language policy -- South Africa -- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality Language planning -- South Africa -- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality Community development -- South Africa -- Gauteng Local government -- South Africa -- Gauteng Municipal services -- South Africa --Gauteng
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3554 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001519
- Description: This study explores the challenges related to language policy and planning in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan municipality. The study sets to look at the at the challenges affecting successful implementation by the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality as a state organ charged with local development and service delivery for the communities. In terms of the Municipal Systems Act of 2000 municipalities are expected to respond to the language use and preferences of their local communities by making sure that their language policies are fully implemented. The researcher highlights that in instances where municipalities communicate information they are required to make special provision for the speakers of African languages in the communities that they serve in the languages they best understand. This work looks at various statutory language policy documents in South Africa in particular, that give the task of language policy implementation to municipalities as they are the local extension of the national government. This study also argues that municipalities are critical to implementation of language policy. It further notes that in order for the full social, economic and political transformation to take place in municipalities they have to be transformed linguistically in a radical way whereby all the official languages play a major role in all these spheres than before. This view is held by many scholars and researchers in the areas of language policy and planning. This study highlights that the challenges to successful language planning and policy in the government sectors are due to lack of commitment by the government, language practitioners and planners and increased monolingualism in the municipality. The study further explores the language policy and plan of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and the the strategies that can contribute to successful optimization of language resources of the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in order to give effect to the use of local languages as contained in policy documents and also establish how the city of Tshwane can better reinforce its strategies to implement this language plan and policy. The main focus area of this research is on the language policy and plan of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and assesses whether the language practices in these institutions are reflective of their policy and plan. It is hoped that the study will be able to give policy makers and those tasked with implementation, especially at government municipalities’ strategies for improvement in the functionality and the implementation of their language policies and plans. It is also hoped that recommendations and challenges highlighted by this research will be of a better assistance on how to better reinforce strategies to implement the language plan and policy in the government sectors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Seshoka, Keaobaka Omphile Precious
- Date: 2013 , 2013-03-26
- Subjects: Language policy -- South Africa -- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality Language planning -- South Africa -- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality Community development -- South Africa -- Gauteng Local government -- South Africa -- Gauteng Municipal services -- South Africa --Gauteng
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3554 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001519
- Description: This study explores the challenges related to language policy and planning in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan municipality. The study sets to look at the at the challenges affecting successful implementation by the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality as a state organ charged with local development and service delivery for the communities. In terms of the Municipal Systems Act of 2000 municipalities are expected to respond to the language use and preferences of their local communities by making sure that their language policies are fully implemented. The researcher highlights that in instances where municipalities communicate information they are required to make special provision for the speakers of African languages in the communities that they serve in the languages they best understand. This work looks at various statutory language policy documents in South Africa in particular, that give the task of language policy implementation to municipalities as they are the local extension of the national government. This study also argues that municipalities are critical to implementation of language policy. It further notes that in order for the full social, economic and political transformation to take place in municipalities they have to be transformed linguistically in a radical way whereby all the official languages play a major role in all these spheres than before. This view is held by many scholars and researchers in the areas of language policy and planning. This study highlights that the challenges to successful language planning and policy in the government sectors are due to lack of commitment by the government, language practitioners and planners and increased monolingualism in the municipality. The study further explores the language policy and plan of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and the the strategies that can contribute to successful optimization of language resources of the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in order to give effect to the use of local languages as contained in policy documents and also establish how the city of Tshwane can better reinforce its strategies to implement this language plan and policy. The main focus area of this research is on the language policy and plan of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and assesses whether the language practices in these institutions are reflective of their policy and plan. It is hoped that the study will be able to give policy makers and those tasked with implementation, especially at government municipalities’ strategies for improvement in the functionality and the implementation of their language policies and plans. It is also hoped that recommendations and challenges highlighted by this research will be of a better assistance on how to better reinforce strategies to implement the language plan and policy in the government sectors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Language policy implementation towards community participation in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality
- Authors: Peter, Zola Welcome
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Political participation -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth. , Language policy -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth.
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9212 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020789
- Description: This research investigated the impact of language policy implementation towards the enhancement of community participation in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality (NMMM).The NMMM is an organisation tasked with ensuring equal distribution of services to local communities. This municipality was chosen on the basis of its commitment to communicate effectively with the community and in turn encourage the community to participate fully in municipal activities. The study is conducted within the parameters of the Constitution of South Africa (1996) which states that in order to ensure language equity, all official languages must be used for the promotion of multilingualism and advancement of communities. The study therefore investigated the language policy of the NMMM and its implementation with regard to the use of all three official languages of the region, namely English, isiXhosa and Afrikaans for organisational communication. Gaps in the implementation of the municipal language policy were identified by acquiring information from selected officials responsible for service delivery and selected members of the communities who receive the services. A literature survey was conducted to investigate and conceptualise the nature of language policy development and to determine the responsibilities for policy implementation. A descriptive approach was used in the study, with the data collection coming from primary sources, such as NMMM officials and members of the community; and secondary sources, such as municipal records. A number of recommendations regarding the improvement of language policy implementation by the municipality’s Language Unit were made. It is envisaged that these changes could impact positively in encouraging community participation and ultimately improve service delivery.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Peter, Zola Welcome
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Political participation -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth. , Language policy -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth.
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9212 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020789
- Description: This research investigated the impact of language policy implementation towards the enhancement of community participation in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality (NMMM).The NMMM is an organisation tasked with ensuring equal distribution of services to local communities. This municipality was chosen on the basis of its commitment to communicate effectively with the community and in turn encourage the community to participate fully in municipal activities. The study is conducted within the parameters of the Constitution of South Africa (1996) which states that in order to ensure language equity, all official languages must be used for the promotion of multilingualism and advancement of communities. The study therefore investigated the language policy of the NMMM and its implementation with regard to the use of all three official languages of the region, namely English, isiXhosa and Afrikaans for organisational communication. Gaps in the implementation of the municipal language policy were identified by acquiring information from selected officials responsible for service delivery and selected members of the communities who receive the services. A literature survey was conducted to investigate and conceptualise the nature of language policy development and to determine the responsibilities for policy implementation. A descriptive approach was used in the study, with the data collection coming from primary sources, such as NMMM officials and members of the community; and secondary sources, such as municipal records. A number of recommendations regarding the improvement of language policy implementation by the municipality’s Language Unit were made. It is envisaged that these changes could impact positively in encouraging community participation and ultimately improve service delivery.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Leadership and accountability in managing the Constituency Development Fund (CDF): a case study of Yei River County, Central Equatoria State, Juba
- Authors: Wani, Mary Apayi Ayiga
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Leadership -- South Sudan , Responsibility -- South Sudan , Development credit corporations -- South Sudan , Human services -- South Sudan , South Sudan -- Economic policy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:11677 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007150 , Leadership -- South Sudan , Responsibility -- South Sudan , Development credit corporations -- South Sudan , Human services -- South Sudan , South Sudan -- Economic policy
- Description: This study is based on Leadership & Accountability in managing the Constituency Development Fund (CDF), the case of Yei River County (YRC) of Central Equatoria State, Republic of South Sudan (RSS). CDF is one of the initiatives of the government of South Sudan created by a legislation of Parliament to compliment development of the community needs as they expect more from the government of the day. The CDF Act 2007 which was passed by the parliament stipulated structures that govern the operation of the fund in terms of management, leadership and accountability to enhance effective and efficient provision of services to the people. The CDF Act provided that fund allocated to the MPs is to address the challenges that face the communities such as construction of schools, health facilities, water, roads and government facilities but not for personal interest or individual use. The problem that motivated the researcher to explore the performance of the CDF was inadequate service to the community although the government has allocated funds to each constituency channeled through the members of parliament to improve the socio-economic status of the community. The research looked at how the CDF roles, functions, and procedure were applied in the utilization of the funds to ensure efficiency. It analysed and evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of management of CDF to promote service delivery in the constituencies of Yei, Ottogo, Tore and Mugwo Payams. The study investigated the following questions: How is the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) been managed and utilized by the Members of Parliament (MPs) to promote development in their constituencies? To what extent is the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) used in accordance with the provisions of the CDF Act (2007)? To what extent does the CDF achieve its objective in promoting development to meet the aspirations of the people within the constituencies? And, what is the nature of the relationship between the MPs, the community and the County Local Authority in relation to the CDF? The study also examined the linkage between the various committees formed by the CDF Act 2007 to guide the implementation of the fund as well as the projects at grass-root levels in regards to monitoring and evaluation process. The study used both descriptive and explanatory techniques to guide the researcher in gathering information required on the best of CDF practice in Yei River County which were carried out using interviews, focus group discussion and observation. Twenty (20) respondents comprising of head of departments, women, youth, MPs of both parliaments - the National and the State, chiefs, councilors, CDF committees from the four constituencies mentioned above were interviewed about the use of the CDF. The study reveals that there are no clear linkages between the various committees formed by the CDF Act 2007 to guide the implementation of the fund as well as the projects at the grass-root level in regards to monitoring and evaluation process. In addition to this, less participation of the community in identification, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the CDF community projects was one of the contributing factors that affected the effectiveness and efficiency of the result. Although creation of CDF has effect in some of the areas of the county, it requires more improvement in the implementation process to increase development in other areas. Based on these findings, the study argues that for the best of the CDF utilization, leadership and accountability which are components of the Public Administration Discipline that enhances efficiency in the public institutions need to be put into practice. Hence, rigorous application of the CDF rules, regulations and procedures is paramount in managing the utilization of the fund allocated for the purpose of development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Wani, Mary Apayi Ayiga
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Leadership -- South Sudan , Responsibility -- South Sudan , Development credit corporations -- South Sudan , Human services -- South Sudan , South Sudan -- Economic policy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: vital:11677 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007150 , Leadership -- South Sudan , Responsibility -- South Sudan , Development credit corporations -- South Sudan , Human services -- South Sudan , South Sudan -- Economic policy
- Description: This study is based on Leadership & Accountability in managing the Constituency Development Fund (CDF), the case of Yei River County (YRC) of Central Equatoria State, Republic of South Sudan (RSS). CDF is one of the initiatives of the government of South Sudan created by a legislation of Parliament to compliment development of the community needs as they expect more from the government of the day. The CDF Act 2007 which was passed by the parliament stipulated structures that govern the operation of the fund in terms of management, leadership and accountability to enhance effective and efficient provision of services to the people. The CDF Act provided that fund allocated to the MPs is to address the challenges that face the communities such as construction of schools, health facilities, water, roads and government facilities but not for personal interest or individual use. The problem that motivated the researcher to explore the performance of the CDF was inadequate service to the community although the government has allocated funds to each constituency channeled through the members of parliament to improve the socio-economic status of the community. The research looked at how the CDF roles, functions, and procedure were applied in the utilization of the funds to ensure efficiency. It analysed and evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of management of CDF to promote service delivery in the constituencies of Yei, Ottogo, Tore and Mugwo Payams. The study investigated the following questions: How is the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) been managed and utilized by the Members of Parliament (MPs) to promote development in their constituencies? To what extent is the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) used in accordance with the provisions of the CDF Act (2007)? To what extent does the CDF achieve its objective in promoting development to meet the aspirations of the people within the constituencies? And, what is the nature of the relationship between the MPs, the community and the County Local Authority in relation to the CDF? The study also examined the linkage between the various committees formed by the CDF Act 2007 to guide the implementation of the fund as well as the projects at grass-root levels in regards to monitoring and evaluation process. The study used both descriptive and explanatory techniques to guide the researcher in gathering information required on the best of CDF practice in Yei River County which were carried out using interviews, focus group discussion and observation. Twenty (20) respondents comprising of head of departments, women, youth, MPs of both parliaments - the National and the State, chiefs, councilors, CDF committees from the four constituencies mentioned above were interviewed about the use of the CDF. The study reveals that there are no clear linkages between the various committees formed by the CDF Act 2007 to guide the implementation of the fund as well as the projects at the grass-root level in regards to monitoring and evaluation process. In addition to this, less participation of the community in identification, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the CDF community projects was one of the contributing factors that affected the effectiveness and efficiency of the result. Although creation of CDF has effect in some of the areas of the county, it requires more improvement in the implementation process to increase development in other areas. Based on these findings, the study argues that for the best of the CDF utilization, leadership and accountability which are components of the Public Administration Discipline that enhances efficiency in the public institutions need to be put into practice. Hence, rigorous application of the CDF rules, regulations and procedures is paramount in managing the utilization of the fund allocated for the purpose of development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Learner nurses experiences regarding clinical supervision at private hospitals in East London in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Vos, Porsha
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Employees -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11906 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006824 , Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Employees -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Personnel management
- Description: The purpose of this study was to explore and to describe experiences of learner nurses regarding clinical supervision at private hospitals in East London in the Eastern Cape. These were Life Healthcare hospitals. A qualitative, contextual approach was used and the exploratory, descriptive design was seen as most appropriate in this study. The subjects were the learner nurses in the Bridging Course Programme leading to registration as a General Nurse. The research questions were: How did you as a learner nurse, doing the Bridging Course, experience clinical supervision at Life Healthcare hospitals? A pilot study was conducted in a clinical setting involving respondents with similar characteristics to the study population. Fourteen participants were selected for this study by using a purposive, non-probability sampling method. Data were collected by means of individual interviews during which participants were able to describe their experiences during clinical supervision; data were collected until data saturation was reached.During data analysis, the researcher used the process of bracketing and remained neutral, setting aside previous knowledge and beliefs about the phenomenon under investigation. The researcher listened to the audiotapes used for data collection several times until she was completely satisfied with the interpretation of the verbatim data. Transcriptions were made within three days of the interview. The research was done in an ethically reflective manner and the researcher ensured the trustworthiness of the study at all times. The researcher allowed the participants freedom to conduct their lives as autonomous agents, without external The purpose of this study was to explore and to describe experiences of learner nurses regarding clinical supervision at private hospitals in East London in the Eastern Cape. These were Life Healthcare hospitals. A qualitative, contextual approach was used and the exploratory, descriptive design was seen as most appropriate in this study. The subjects were the learner nurses in the Bridging Course Programme leading to registration as a General Nurse. The research questions were: How did you as a learner nurse, doing the Bridging Course, experience clinical supervision at Life Healthcare hospitals? A pilot study was conducted in a clinical setting involving respondents with similar characteristics to the study population. Fourteen participants were selected for this study by using a purposive, non-probability sampling method. Data were collected by means of individual interviews during which participants were able to describe their experiences during clinical supervision; data were collected until data saturation was reached.During data analysis, the researcher used the process of bracketing and remained neutral, setting aside previous knowledge and beliefs about the phenomenon under investigation. The researcher listened to the audiotapes used for data collection several times until she was completely satisfied with the interpretation of the verbatim data. Transcriptions were made within three days of the interview. The research was done in an ethically reflective manner and the researcher ensured the trustworthiness of the study at all times. The researcher allowed the participants freedom to conduct their lives as autonomous agents, without external control, coercion or exploitation. The following findings were evident: Three main themes emerged from data analyses. These comprised inadequate clinical supervision, satisfactory clinical supervision and suggestions and inputs regarding clinical supervision. Detailed discussions about the findings in relation to earlier studies were conducted. Recommendations to improve clinical supervision were made in order to improve the experiences of learner nurses during training. The findings of the research will be made available through the University of Fort Hare library and the Life College of Learning. Furthermore the information of this study will be shared with colleagues and will be published in an accredited nursing journal such as Curationis as well as other journals.control, coercion or exploitation. The following findings were evident: Three main themes emerged from data analyses. These comprised inadequate clinical supervision, satisfactory clinical supervision and suggestions and inputs regarding clinical supervision. Detailed discussions about the findings in relation to earlier studies were conducted. Recommendations to improve clinical supervision were made in order to improve the experiences of learner nurses during training. The findings of the research will be made available through the University of Fort Hare library and the Life College of Learning. Furthermore the information of this study will be shared with colleagues and will be published in an accredited nursing journal such as Curationis as well as other journals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Vos, Porsha
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Employees -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11906 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006824 , Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Employees -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Hospitals -- Personnel management
- Description: The purpose of this study was to explore and to describe experiences of learner nurses regarding clinical supervision at private hospitals in East London in the Eastern Cape. These were Life Healthcare hospitals. A qualitative, contextual approach was used and the exploratory, descriptive design was seen as most appropriate in this study. The subjects were the learner nurses in the Bridging Course Programme leading to registration as a General Nurse. The research questions were: How did you as a learner nurse, doing the Bridging Course, experience clinical supervision at Life Healthcare hospitals? A pilot study was conducted in a clinical setting involving respondents with similar characteristics to the study population. Fourteen participants were selected for this study by using a purposive, non-probability sampling method. Data were collected by means of individual interviews during which participants were able to describe their experiences during clinical supervision; data were collected until data saturation was reached.During data analysis, the researcher used the process of bracketing and remained neutral, setting aside previous knowledge and beliefs about the phenomenon under investigation. The researcher listened to the audiotapes used for data collection several times until she was completely satisfied with the interpretation of the verbatim data. Transcriptions were made within three days of the interview. The research was done in an ethically reflective manner and the researcher ensured the trustworthiness of the study at all times. The researcher allowed the participants freedom to conduct their lives as autonomous agents, without external The purpose of this study was to explore and to describe experiences of learner nurses regarding clinical supervision at private hospitals in East London in the Eastern Cape. These were Life Healthcare hospitals. A qualitative, contextual approach was used and the exploratory, descriptive design was seen as most appropriate in this study. The subjects were the learner nurses in the Bridging Course Programme leading to registration as a General Nurse. The research questions were: How did you as a learner nurse, doing the Bridging Course, experience clinical supervision at Life Healthcare hospitals? A pilot study was conducted in a clinical setting involving respondents with similar characteristics to the study population. Fourteen participants were selected for this study by using a purposive, non-probability sampling method. Data were collected by means of individual interviews during which participants were able to describe their experiences during clinical supervision; data were collected until data saturation was reached.During data analysis, the researcher used the process of bracketing and remained neutral, setting aside previous knowledge and beliefs about the phenomenon under investigation. The researcher listened to the audiotapes used for data collection several times until she was completely satisfied with the interpretation of the verbatim data. Transcriptions were made within three days of the interview. The research was done in an ethically reflective manner and the researcher ensured the trustworthiness of the study at all times. The researcher allowed the participants freedom to conduct their lives as autonomous agents, without external control, coercion or exploitation. The following findings were evident: Three main themes emerged from data analyses. These comprised inadequate clinical supervision, satisfactory clinical supervision and suggestions and inputs regarding clinical supervision. Detailed discussions about the findings in relation to earlier studies were conducted. Recommendations to improve clinical supervision were made in order to improve the experiences of learner nurses during training. The findings of the research will be made available through the University of Fort Hare library and the Life College of Learning. Furthermore the information of this study will be shared with colleagues and will be published in an accredited nursing journal such as Curationis as well as other journals.control, coercion or exploitation. The following findings were evident: Three main themes emerged from data analyses. These comprised inadequate clinical supervision, satisfactory clinical supervision and suggestions and inputs regarding clinical supervision. Detailed discussions about the findings in relation to earlier studies were conducted. Recommendations to improve clinical supervision were made in order to improve the experiences of learner nurses during training. The findings of the research will be made available through the University of Fort Hare library and the Life College of Learning. Furthermore the information of this study will be shared with colleagues and will be published in an accredited nursing journal such as Curationis as well as other journals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Learners' participation in leadership: a case study in a secondary school in Namibia
- Authors: Uushona, Andreas Bishi
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Educational leadership -- Namibia -- Case studies Student participation in administration -- Namibia -- Case studies School management and organization -- Namibia -- Case studies Student government -- Namibia Education, Secondary -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1395 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001749
- Description: Learner leadership is a worldwide issue in educational leadership and management. In preindependent Namibia secondary schools had the prefect system and the SRCs as learner leadership bodies which had little influence on schools’ decisions because they lacked credibility. In 2001 the Learners’ Representative Council (LRC) was legitimized as a learner leadership body in secondary schools through the Education Act 16 of 2001. However, recent research suggests that even these bodies are not functioning effectively for a variety of reasons. This prompted me to undertake research to develop an understanding of learners’ participation in leadership in a senior secondary school in Namibia. I used a qualitative case study, in an interpretive paradigm, in an attempt to achieve my research goal. The following questions guided the study: How is leadership understood by members of the organization? How learner leadership is understood? How are learners involved in leadership in the school? What potential exists for increased learners’ participation? What factors inhibit learners’ participation in leadership in the school? A population comprising of the school board chairperson, the principal, three heads of department, the superintendent, three teachers and five learners was composed from a senior secondary school in Namibia. Data were collected through focus groups, interviews, document analysis and observation and analyzed thematically for reflective discussion. The findings revealed that the LRC is functioning but providing little opportunity for learner leadership development. The most significant challenge relates to traditional and outdated views of leadership on the parts of teachers and education managers. Hence, in addition to a number of practical recommendations, the study recommends a change of mindset towards children so that opportunities are provided to contribute to their growth and development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Uushona, Andreas Bishi
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Educational leadership -- Namibia -- Case studies Student participation in administration -- Namibia -- Case studies School management and organization -- Namibia -- Case studies Student government -- Namibia Education, Secondary -- Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1395 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001749
- Description: Learner leadership is a worldwide issue in educational leadership and management. In preindependent Namibia secondary schools had the prefect system and the SRCs as learner leadership bodies which had little influence on schools’ decisions because they lacked credibility. In 2001 the Learners’ Representative Council (LRC) was legitimized as a learner leadership body in secondary schools through the Education Act 16 of 2001. However, recent research suggests that even these bodies are not functioning effectively for a variety of reasons. This prompted me to undertake research to develop an understanding of learners’ participation in leadership in a senior secondary school in Namibia. I used a qualitative case study, in an interpretive paradigm, in an attempt to achieve my research goal. The following questions guided the study: How is leadership understood by members of the organization? How learner leadership is understood? How are learners involved in leadership in the school? What potential exists for increased learners’ participation? What factors inhibit learners’ participation in leadership in the school? A population comprising of the school board chairperson, the principal, three heads of department, the superintendent, three teachers and five learners was composed from a senior secondary school in Namibia. Data were collected through focus groups, interviews, document analysis and observation and analyzed thematically for reflective discussion. The findings revealed that the LRC is functioning but providing little opportunity for learner leadership development. The most significant challenge relates to traditional and outdated views of leadership on the parts of teachers and education managers. Hence, in addition to a number of practical recommendations, the study recommends a change of mindset towards children so that opportunities are provided to contribute to their growth and development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013