- Title
- The medicinal chemistry of Cyclo (D-PHE-4I-PRO) and Cyclo (L-PHE-4I-PRO)
- Creator
- Qhola, Lipolelo
- Subject
- Cyclic peptides
- Subject
- Pharmaceutical chemistry
- Subject
- Peptide drugs
- Date Issued
- 2012
- Date
- 2012
- Type
- Thesis
- Type
- Masters
- Type
- MSc
- Identifier
- vital:10152
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011619
- Identifier
- Cyclic peptides
- Identifier
- Pharmaceutical chemistry
- Identifier
- Peptide drugs
- Description
- Cyclic dipeptides have been widely used as pharmaceutical agents due to their favourable properties and the fact that they are more stable and membrane permeable than their linear analogues. These characteristics make cyclic dipeptides attractive to protein-based drug developers (Martins & Carvalho, 2007). In this research study, the method of Milne et al. (1992) was used to synthesize the protected linear dipeptide esters. This was followed by boiling the unprotected, linear dipeptide esters under reflux in an oil bath (Sec-butanol: toluene (4:1)). This method gave good yields and pure cyclic dipeptides. Scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used for evaluation of the physiochemical properties of the cyclic dipeptides. High-performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to determine the purity of the cyclic dipeptides. The structures of the cyclic dipeptides were elucidated using infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling and computational chemistry. The aim of the study was to determine the possible therapeutic activity of cyclo(D-Phe-4I-Pro) and cyclo(L-Phe-4I-Pro) with regard to antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetes and haematological effects. Both cyclic dipeptides showed a significant growth inhibition of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and fungal microorganisms in the antimicrobial study. Anticancer studies showed that both cyclic dipeptides caused growth inhibition of the MCF-7, HT-29 and HeLa cancer cell lines. Both cyclic dipeptides showed no antidiabetic activity. Haematological studies revealed that both cyclic dipeptides caused a significant effect on the clotting time and platelet aggregation. They caused an increase in clotting time and also inhibited platelet aggregation.
- Format
- xxiv, 234 leaves
- Format
- Publisher
- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
- Publisher
- Faculty of Health Sciences
- Language
- English
- Rights
- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
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