The integration of mental health care services into primary health care system at King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality Clinics
- Authors: Dlatu, Ntandazo
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Community mental health services South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: vital:18478 , http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1008290
- Description: Introduction: Primary Health care refers to care which is based on the needs of population. Mental health care provided within general primary care services is the first level of care within the formal health system. There is no research in King Sabata Dalindyebo, carried out on issues around integration of mental health with primary health care. The present study is initiated to overcome this gap. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the level of knowledge, implementation and barriers of integrating mental health care services into primary health care system at King Sabata Dalindyebo clinics, in Mthatha region. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at King Sabata Dalindyebo Clinics, between January 2010 and December 2011. A 10% random sample of all health professionals from King Sabata Dalindyebo was interviewed concerning their demographic characteristics, education/ qualifications, general and further training in psychiatry, awareness about Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002 and mental health care services characteristic related to the integration of mental health care services into primary health care system. For data analysis, the means of continuous variables across 2 groups were compared using Student-t test. The proportions (%) of the categorical variable across 2 groups were compared using Chi-square test. Results: A total of 52 health professionals (40.4% males, 59.6 females, 59.6 married, 3 doctors, 49 nurses, mean age 36.9± 8 years range 23 years-52 years), were surveyed. The participants were characterized by low level of qualification in specialization, further training in psychiatry, and by very low awareness about Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002. Furthermore, there was no implication of expects (Regional psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker) and co-ordination of mental health care services. Working in remote and disadvantaged area, health workers with lower education qualification, absence of a coordinator for mental health care services and absence of workshop on Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002 were determinants of lower awareness about Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002. However, there was a good to excellent framework for potential implementation of mental health care services into primary health care system. The government support in infrastructures, drugs availability, transport and equipment was evident. Patients were helped within abroad based ethical, human rights and psycho-social framework. Conclusion: There is a lack of improving human capacity for mental health in terms of continuous training in mental health issues, policies, organisation and development. Globally, the integration of mental health care service in King Sabata Dalindyebo is non-optimal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Dlatu, Ntandazo
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Community mental health services South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: vital:18478 , http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1008290
- Description: Introduction: Primary Health care refers to care which is based on the needs of population. Mental health care provided within general primary care services is the first level of care within the formal health system. There is no research in King Sabata Dalindyebo, carried out on issues around integration of mental health with primary health care. The present study is initiated to overcome this gap. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the level of knowledge, implementation and barriers of integrating mental health care services into primary health care system at King Sabata Dalindyebo clinics, in Mthatha region. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at King Sabata Dalindyebo Clinics, between January 2010 and December 2011. A 10% random sample of all health professionals from King Sabata Dalindyebo was interviewed concerning their demographic characteristics, education/ qualifications, general and further training in psychiatry, awareness about Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002 and mental health care services characteristic related to the integration of mental health care services into primary health care system. For data analysis, the means of continuous variables across 2 groups were compared using Student-t test. The proportions (%) of the categorical variable across 2 groups were compared using Chi-square test. Results: A total of 52 health professionals (40.4% males, 59.6 females, 59.6 married, 3 doctors, 49 nurses, mean age 36.9± 8 years range 23 years-52 years), were surveyed. The participants were characterized by low level of qualification in specialization, further training in psychiatry, and by very low awareness about Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002. Furthermore, there was no implication of expects (Regional psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker) and co-ordination of mental health care services. Working in remote and disadvantaged area, health workers with lower education qualification, absence of a coordinator for mental health care services and absence of workshop on Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002 were determinants of lower awareness about Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002. However, there was a good to excellent framework for potential implementation of mental health care services into primary health care system. The government support in infrastructures, drugs availability, transport and equipment was evident. Patients were helped within abroad based ethical, human rights and psycho-social framework. Conclusion: There is a lack of improving human capacity for mental health in terms of continuous training in mental health issues, policies, organisation and development. Globally, the integration of mental health care service in King Sabata Dalindyebo is non-optimal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The interrelationships between meaning(s), form, cinematic technology and surrealist ideology in Luis Buñuel's, Un Chien Andalou (1929)
- Kritzinger, Christiaan Cornelius
- Authors: Kritzinger, Christiaan Cornelius
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Surrealism in motion pictures , Motion picture producers and directors -- Spain , Photography , Myth , Semiotics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Photography)
- Identifier: vital:8495 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1007847 , Surrealism in motion pictures , Motion picture producers and directors -- Spain , Photography , Myth , Semiotics
- Description: This study sets out to determine the interrelationship between meaning(s), form (specifically framing and composition), cinematic technology and the surrealist ideology with specific reference to Luis Buñuel’s film, Un Chien Andalou (1929). The study utilises a semiotic framework to analyse the seminal film, as well as the researcher’s short film Facebrick (2012). The semiotic reading is conducted according to key surrealist tenets namely, spatio-‐temporal disruption, the use of free-‐association and the inclusion of cultural, religious and sexual symbols as a revolutionary tool. Gillian Rose’s (2007) semiotic framework underpinned by James Monaco’s (1977) schema for analysing the moving image, was utilised to read the selected film texts. A comparative analysis reveals that although the researcher employed different cinematic technology to construct the short film than that available to Buñuel in the 1920s; similar cinematic techniques could be recreated, as the analysis shows, through the use of key surrealist characteristics. Not only did this allow mere reproduction of these techniques, but rather a full appropriation of these techniques within a contemporary context. Thus the techniques, communicate the surreal, both aesthetically and intellectually. The theoretical study provides the foundation for the practical output, creating a conceptual framework that guides the creation of a short film. The practical research component relies on the parameters identified in the semiotic reading. This was facilitated by the characteristics of Surrealism: the disruption of time and space, the inclusion of archetypal symbols and the use of free association. The short film, Facebrick (2012), follows a voyeur obsessed with gazing at three characters. The film explores the human condition in an urban environment drawing from themes such as Jean-‐Paul Sartre’s gaze theory as well as Freudian themes of identity and sexuality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Kritzinger, Christiaan Cornelius
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Surrealism in motion pictures , Motion picture producers and directors -- Spain , Photography , Myth , Semiotics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Photography)
- Identifier: vital:8495 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1007847 , Surrealism in motion pictures , Motion picture producers and directors -- Spain , Photography , Myth , Semiotics
- Description: This study sets out to determine the interrelationship between meaning(s), form (specifically framing and composition), cinematic technology and the surrealist ideology with specific reference to Luis Buñuel’s film, Un Chien Andalou (1929). The study utilises a semiotic framework to analyse the seminal film, as well as the researcher’s short film Facebrick (2012). The semiotic reading is conducted according to key surrealist tenets namely, spatio-‐temporal disruption, the use of free-‐association and the inclusion of cultural, religious and sexual symbols as a revolutionary tool. Gillian Rose’s (2007) semiotic framework underpinned by James Monaco’s (1977) schema for analysing the moving image, was utilised to read the selected film texts. A comparative analysis reveals that although the researcher employed different cinematic technology to construct the short film than that available to Buñuel in the 1920s; similar cinematic techniques could be recreated, as the analysis shows, through the use of key surrealist characteristics. Not only did this allow mere reproduction of these techniques, but rather a full appropriation of these techniques within a contemporary context. Thus the techniques, communicate the surreal, both aesthetically and intellectually. The theoretical study provides the foundation for the practical output, creating a conceptual framework that guides the creation of a short film. The practical research component relies on the parameters identified in the semiotic reading. This was facilitated by the characteristics of Surrealism: the disruption of time and space, the inclusion of archetypal symbols and the use of free association. The short film, Facebrick (2012), follows a voyeur obsessed with gazing at three characters. The film explores the human condition in an urban environment drawing from themes such as Jean-‐Paul Sartre’s gaze theory as well as Freudian themes of identity and sexuality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The isolation, quantification and synthetic modification of antiplasmodial natural products from sargassum heterophyllum
- Authors: Munedzimwe, Tatenda Carol
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Malaria -- Developing countries -- Prevention , Antimalarials
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3871 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018252
- Description: Malaria is one of the most deadly parasitic diseases known to man. Although the number of malaria cases reported each year is decreasing, this disease continues to pose health and economic problems mainly in developing countries. Significant progress has been made in the fight against this disease. This includes the discovery and development of potent antimalarial agents. However, the development of resistance to most of these potent antimalarials has made the development of new antiplasmodial agents of paramount importance. Several promising antiplasmodial agents have been found from the marine environment. Amongst these are the tetraprenylated toluquinols from the brown alga: Sargassum heterophyllum. These metabolites have been reported to exhibit a range of antiplasmodial activity; however, the mechanisms by which these compounds bring about their antiplasmodial activity and the pharmacophoric groups responsible for such activity are unknown. Two species of Sargassum algae were encountered during the course of this project. From the investigation of the geographical and seasonal variation of metabolites of S. heterophyllum and S. elegans we established that there were no significant intra and inter site variations amongst metabolite profiles of both species both within and between the sampled seasons. These results enabled us to establish that the collection of both species from three different sites on the eastern coast of South Africa namely; Kenton on Sea, Port Alfred and Noordhoek in autumn, winter or spring would qualitatively yield the same metabolites. A comparison of metabolite profiles of both species also revealed no qualitative differences between metabolites of S. heterophyllum and S. elegans. The quantities of selected prenylated metabolites extracted from S. heterophyllum using four different extraction techniques was also assessed using qNMR as the method of quantification. This led to the identification of optimal extraction techniques and conditions for the extraction of sargahydroquinoic acid (1.38), sargaquinoic aid (1.39) and sargachromenol (2.10) from S. heterophyllum. From this study, the extraction of algae by soxhlet extraction using EtOH as the extraction solvent led to the extraction of the highest quantities of sargahydroquinoic acid. The potential of other extraction techniques such as microwave assisted extraction, to yield high quantities of the selected metabolites were also identified. With gram quantities of sargahydroquinoic acid (1.38) in hand, this compound was modified by oxidation, reduction, acetylation, methylation and cyclization reactions to yield nine derivatives. The derivatives and four naturally occurring prenylated toluquinols were assessed for antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity against the FCR-3 Gambian Chloroquine resistant strain of P. falciparum and the MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line respectively. Comparison of antiplasmodial data for all twelve compounds showed that the hydroquinone moeity of sargahydroquinoic acid (1.38) is important for antiplasmodial activity while esterification of the carboxylic acid group in 1.38 resulted in more potent antiplasmodial compounds. Of all twelve compounds, compound 5.2, the hydroquinone methyl ester of 1.38 was found to be the most potent antiplasmodial compound with an IC₅₀ value of 1.94 μM and a selectivity index of 22.68.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Munedzimwe, Tatenda Carol
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Malaria -- Developing countries -- Prevention , Antimalarials
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3871 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018252
- Description: Malaria is one of the most deadly parasitic diseases known to man. Although the number of malaria cases reported each year is decreasing, this disease continues to pose health and economic problems mainly in developing countries. Significant progress has been made in the fight against this disease. This includes the discovery and development of potent antimalarial agents. However, the development of resistance to most of these potent antimalarials has made the development of new antiplasmodial agents of paramount importance. Several promising antiplasmodial agents have been found from the marine environment. Amongst these are the tetraprenylated toluquinols from the brown alga: Sargassum heterophyllum. These metabolites have been reported to exhibit a range of antiplasmodial activity; however, the mechanisms by which these compounds bring about their antiplasmodial activity and the pharmacophoric groups responsible for such activity are unknown. Two species of Sargassum algae were encountered during the course of this project. From the investigation of the geographical and seasonal variation of metabolites of S. heterophyllum and S. elegans we established that there were no significant intra and inter site variations amongst metabolite profiles of both species both within and between the sampled seasons. These results enabled us to establish that the collection of both species from three different sites on the eastern coast of South Africa namely; Kenton on Sea, Port Alfred and Noordhoek in autumn, winter or spring would qualitatively yield the same metabolites. A comparison of metabolite profiles of both species also revealed no qualitative differences between metabolites of S. heterophyllum and S. elegans. The quantities of selected prenylated metabolites extracted from S. heterophyllum using four different extraction techniques was also assessed using qNMR as the method of quantification. This led to the identification of optimal extraction techniques and conditions for the extraction of sargahydroquinoic acid (1.38), sargaquinoic aid (1.39) and sargachromenol (2.10) from S. heterophyllum. From this study, the extraction of algae by soxhlet extraction using EtOH as the extraction solvent led to the extraction of the highest quantities of sargahydroquinoic acid. The potential of other extraction techniques such as microwave assisted extraction, to yield high quantities of the selected metabolites were also identified. With gram quantities of sargahydroquinoic acid (1.38) in hand, this compound was modified by oxidation, reduction, acetylation, methylation and cyclization reactions to yield nine derivatives. The derivatives and four naturally occurring prenylated toluquinols were assessed for antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity against the FCR-3 Gambian Chloroquine resistant strain of P. falciparum and the MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line respectively. Comparison of antiplasmodial data for all twelve compounds showed that the hydroquinone moeity of sargahydroquinoic acid (1.38) is important for antiplasmodial activity while esterification of the carboxylic acid group in 1.38 resulted in more potent antiplasmodial compounds. Of all twelve compounds, compound 5.2, the hydroquinone methyl ester of 1.38 was found to be the most potent antiplasmodial compound with an IC₅₀ value of 1.94 μM and a selectivity index of 22.68.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The jazz divas an analysis of the musical careers of six New Brighton vocalists
- Authors: Butete, Netsayi
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Jazz musicians -- Research -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth Ethnomusicology -- Research -- South Africa Sex discrimination against women -- South Africa Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa Apartheid -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2633 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002298
- Description: There has been insufficient academic research on the music of the Eastern Cape in general and Port Elizabeth and New Brighton in particular. This study, as part of the International Library of African Music (ILAM)lRed Location Museum Music History Project (ILAMIRLMHP) - an oral history intervention to save the music history of New Brighton from extinction through research and documentation of the memories of veteran musicians - is focused on jazz vocalists. The primary objective of my study is to investigate, critically analyze, interpret and document the career experiences of six New Brighton jazz vocalists in the context of performing in the Port Elizabeth music industry during the apartheid and the post-apartheid eras. The secondary objectives are to stimulate research interests in music students and ethnomusicologists to pursue research on the music of Port Elizabeth and the Eastern Cape and to inspire and motivate the vocalists to continue making music with renewed zeal. A qualitative research paradigm informed the field research necessary for this study. The fieldwork paved the way for an eclectic framework of analysis grounded in Pierre Bourdieu's notions of habitus, field and capital, examining the impact of the context on the vocalists' habitus which influenced how they viewed and interpreted their past and current experiences in the performance field. Data obtained through extensive interviewing of New Brighton's contemporary female vocalists and their male counterparts revealed that they have no opportunity to make commercial recordings. The musicians have to migrate to Johannesburg to have successful music careers, although personality politics, greed and lack of professionalism also work against the musicians' success. The data shows that New Brighton musicians, both male and female, do not have enough performance opportunities and there are fewer chances to tour now than there were from the 1960s through the 1980s. As in the apartheid era, female vocalists are still discriminated against in terms of pay, and men discriminate in how they pay other male musicians. Analysis of the vocalists' jazz compositions revealed that their song lyrics depict a bona fide urban African culture and reflect the emotional needs of the society in which they live.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Butete, Netsayi
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Jazz musicians -- Research -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth Ethnomusicology -- Research -- South Africa Sex discrimination against women -- South Africa Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa Apartheid -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2633 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002298
- Description: There has been insufficient academic research on the music of the Eastern Cape in general and Port Elizabeth and New Brighton in particular. This study, as part of the International Library of African Music (ILAM)lRed Location Museum Music History Project (ILAMIRLMHP) - an oral history intervention to save the music history of New Brighton from extinction through research and documentation of the memories of veteran musicians - is focused on jazz vocalists. The primary objective of my study is to investigate, critically analyze, interpret and document the career experiences of six New Brighton jazz vocalists in the context of performing in the Port Elizabeth music industry during the apartheid and the post-apartheid eras. The secondary objectives are to stimulate research interests in music students and ethnomusicologists to pursue research on the music of Port Elizabeth and the Eastern Cape and to inspire and motivate the vocalists to continue making music with renewed zeal. A qualitative research paradigm informed the field research necessary for this study. The fieldwork paved the way for an eclectic framework of analysis grounded in Pierre Bourdieu's notions of habitus, field and capital, examining the impact of the context on the vocalists' habitus which influenced how they viewed and interpreted their past and current experiences in the performance field. Data obtained through extensive interviewing of New Brighton's contemporary female vocalists and their male counterparts revealed that they have no opportunity to make commercial recordings. The musicians have to migrate to Johannesburg to have successful music careers, although personality politics, greed and lack of professionalism also work against the musicians' success. The data shows that New Brighton musicians, both male and female, do not have enough performance opportunities and there are fewer chances to tour now than there were from the 1960s through the 1980s. As in the apartheid era, female vocalists are still discriminated against in terms of pay, and men discriminate in how they pay other male musicians. Analysis of the vocalists' jazz compositions revealed that their song lyrics depict a bona fide urban African culture and reflect the emotional needs of the society in which they live.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The legal consequences of alcohol and drugs in the workplace
- Authors: Swartz, Johnny Dick
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Labor discipline -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Employees -- Alcohol use , Drugs and employment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:10248 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019960
- Description: Drug and alcohol abuse in the workplace is a worldwide problem as it impacts on the company efficiency and cost effectiveness. Companies have prioritized the need to find ways of managing and reducing intoxication in the workplace. In South Africa such processes have to occur within the confines of a constitutional right of fair labour practices and other prescriptive labour legislation. An employee has a constitutional obligation to give faithful and diligent service to the employer. Intoxication contradicts this obligation and may pose a security risk in the workplace. It will be incumbent of an employer to prove that the employee was drunk at the relevant time or was affected by liquor or narcotic substance. Suspicion regarding abuse of alcohol and drugs without proper evidence to support such claims will not satisfy the substantive fairness requirements. When it comes to proving that the employee is indeed under the influence of alcohol and drugs in the workplace, many questions arise. Is it necessary for the employer always to conduct a breathalyzer test or even a blood or urine test? Is it sufficient for the employer to lead other evidence like smelled of alcohol, unsteadiness on his feet and slurred speech? The author will attempt to answer these questions. An employee who consumes alcohol or drugs in the workplace can either be disciplined for misconduct or incapacity. The dividing line between misconduct and incapacity is not always clear. The author suggests various ways of dealing with alcohol and drug-related misconduct and incapacity depending on the facts of each case. Disciplinary sanctions should, as far as possible, be designed to discourage repeated alcohol and drug abuse. Different standards of conduct may be expected of different employees given the nature of their work and the degree of their responsibility. Fair discipline requires a fair procedure, fair disciplinary rules and a fair graduated system of punishment. Termination for incapacity occurs if the employee no longer has the capacity work (on account of his alcohol and drug dependence). Termination for misconduct occurs if the employee consistently acts as though he is not bound by the rules of conduct within the employer‟s establishment on account of his repeated alcohol or drug abuse. Discipline should be progressive in nature, intended to remedy rather than merely punish wrongful behaviour. Case law suggests that employers treat alcohol and drug dependence, the same as other illnesses, with sympathy, understanding and compassion. The author suggests that alcohol and drug abuse in the workplace must be dealt with on a case to case basis
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Swartz, Johnny Dick
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Labor discipline -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Employees -- Alcohol use , Drugs and employment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:10248 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019960
- Description: Drug and alcohol abuse in the workplace is a worldwide problem as it impacts on the company efficiency and cost effectiveness. Companies have prioritized the need to find ways of managing and reducing intoxication in the workplace. In South Africa such processes have to occur within the confines of a constitutional right of fair labour practices and other prescriptive labour legislation. An employee has a constitutional obligation to give faithful and diligent service to the employer. Intoxication contradicts this obligation and may pose a security risk in the workplace. It will be incumbent of an employer to prove that the employee was drunk at the relevant time or was affected by liquor or narcotic substance. Suspicion regarding abuse of alcohol and drugs without proper evidence to support such claims will not satisfy the substantive fairness requirements. When it comes to proving that the employee is indeed under the influence of alcohol and drugs in the workplace, many questions arise. Is it necessary for the employer always to conduct a breathalyzer test or even a blood or urine test? Is it sufficient for the employer to lead other evidence like smelled of alcohol, unsteadiness on his feet and slurred speech? The author will attempt to answer these questions. An employee who consumes alcohol or drugs in the workplace can either be disciplined for misconduct or incapacity. The dividing line between misconduct and incapacity is not always clear. The author suggests various ways of dealing with alcohol and drug-related misconduct and incapacity depending on the facts of each case. Disciplinary sanctions should, as far as possible, be designed to discourage repeated alcohol and drug abuse. Different standards of conduct may be expected of different employees given the nature of their work and the degree of their responsibility. Fair discipline requires a fair procedure, fair disciplinary rules and a fair graduated system of punishment. Termination for incapacity occurs if the employee no longer has the capacity work (on account of his alcohol and drug dependence). Termination for misconduct occurs if the employee consistently acts as though he is not bound by the rules of conduct within the employer‟s establishment on account of his repeated alcohol or drug abuse. Discipline should be progressive in nature, intended to remedy rather than merely punish wrongful behaviour. Case law suggests that employers treat alcohol and drug dependence, the same as other illnesses, with sympathy, understanding and compassion. The author suggests that alcohol and drug abuse in the workplace must be dealt with on a case to case basis
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The life history and fishery assessment of largespot pompano, Trachinotus botla, in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Authors: Parker, Denham
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Trachinotus -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Carangidae -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishery management -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fish stock assessment -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Growth -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Breeding -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Food -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Host-parasite relationships -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5296 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005141 , Trachinotus -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Carangidae -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishery management -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fish stock assessment -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Growth -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Breeding -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Food -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Host-parasite relationships -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal
- Description: Largespot pompano, Trachinotus botla, is a surf zone carangid with a cosmopolitan distribution in subtropical and tropical waters. Within South Africa, the species occurs along the KwaZulu-Natal coastline where it is a popular recreational fishing target. Recreational fishing in southern Africa has developed significantly in recent years, and is now regarded as an industry with huge economic potential. The long-term contribution of South African recreational fisheries to local economies is reliant upon sustainable exploitation through effective management. Trachinotus botla was found to grow rapidly with maximum observed age of six years. Otolith growth zone deposition was validated using edge analysis. Growth was similar between males and females until ~350 mm FL after which females continued to grow while growth in males slowed. The resulting overall sex ratio was slightly female-biased (1 male: 1.3 females). Trachinotus botla matures early with all fish considered to be mature at 290 mm FL, which corresponds to an age of three years. A protracted spawning season was observed ranging from November to February and there was evidence to suggest that T. botla is a serial spawner. Dietary analysis indicates that T. botla is an opportunistic predator with a catholic diet. The opportunistic utilization of “superabundant” prey items is a fundamental characteristic of the species feeding habits. An ontogenetic dietary shift was observed at approximately 300 mm FL that was linked to a shift in habitat preference. This thesis provided the first evidence that infection by the tongue-replacing isopod, Cymothoa borbonica, reduces the growth rate of wild host fish populations despite not affecting the diet, feeding habits and feeding frequency of their hosts. These results also highlighted the inadequacy of condition factor as a proxy for quantifying the effects of cymothoids on their hosts, and identified the need to incorporate host age when assessing the effects of parasite infection. Information on the life-cycle of C. borbonica, including estimates of the hypothesized “infectious” period and its longevity were obtained through analysis of parasite infection patterns as a function of host age and length. An assessment of the T. botla shore fishery of KwaZulu-Natal using historical catch data revealed that the fishery is stable. Productivity of the T. botla fishery increased towards the north of KwaZulu-Natal. Distinct seasonal variations in the T. botla fishery were also noted with catches peaking in summer months and lowest during winter. A per-recruit assessment revealed that the species is currently underexploited (SBR = 62% of pristine levels), and fishing mortality rate could be doubled before reaching the spawner biomass-per recruit target reference point of FSB₄₀. A combination of the life history characteristics of species, the nature of the recreational shore fishery together with the current management regulation of 5 fish person⁻¹ day⁻¹ has ensured the sustainable utilization of the T. botla resource in KwaZulu-Natal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Parker, Denham
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Trachinotus -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Carangidae -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishery management -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fish stock assessment -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Growth -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Breeding -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Food -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Host-parasite relationships -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5296 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005141 , Trachinotus -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Carangidae -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishery management -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fishing -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Fish stock assessment -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Growth -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Breeding -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Trachinotus -- Food -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Host-parasite relationships -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal
- Description: Largespot pompano, Trachinotus botla, is a surf zone carangid with a cosmopolitan distribution in subtropical and tropical waters. Within South Africa, the species occurs along the KwaZulu-Natal coastline where it is a popular recreational fishing target. Recreational fishing in southern Africa has developed significantly in recent years, and is now regarded as an industry with huge economic potential. The long-term contribution of South African recreational fisheries to local economies is reliant upon sustainable exploitation through effective management. Trachinotus botla was found to grow rapidly with maximum observed age of six years. Otolith growth zone deposition was validated using edge analysis. Growth was similar between males and females until ~350 mm FL after which females continued to grow while growth in males slowed. The resulting overall sex ratio was slightly female-biased (1 male: 1.3 females). Trachinotus botla matures early with all fish considered to be mature at 290 mm FL, which corresponds to an age of three years. A protracted spawning season was observed ranging from November to February and there was evidence to suggest that T. botla is a serial spawner. Dietary analysis indicates that T. botla is an opportunistic predator with a catholic diet. The opportunistic utilization of “superabundant” prey items is a fundamental characteristic of the species feeding habits. An ontogenetic dietary shift was observed at approximately 300 mm FL that was linked to a shift in habitat preference. This thesis provided the first evidence that infection by the tongue-replacing isopod, Cymothoa borbonica, reduces the growth rate of wild host fish populations despite not affecting the diet, feeding habits and feeding frequency of their hosts. These results also highlighted the inadequacy of condition factor as a proxy for quantifying the effects of cymothoids on their hosts, and identified the need to incorporate host age when assessing the effects of parasite infection. Information on the life-cycle of C. borbonica, including estimates of the hypothesized “infectious” period and its longevity were obtained through analysis of parasite infection patterns as a function of host age and length. An assessment of the T. botla shore fishery of KwaZulu-Natal using historical catch data revealed that the fishery is stable. Productivity of the T. botla fishery increased towards the north of KwaZulu-Natal. Distinct seasonal variations in the T. botla fishery were also noted with catches peaking in summer months and lowest during winter. A per-recruit assessment revealed that the species is currently underexploited (SBR = 62% of pristine levels), and fishing mortality rate could be doubled before reaching the spawner biomass-per recruit target reference point of FSB₄₀. A combination of the life history characteristics of species, the nature of the recreational shore fishery together with the current management regulation of 5 fish person⁻¹ day⁻¹ has ensured the sustainable utilization of the T. botla resource in KwaZulu-Natal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The lived experience of xenophobia within a South African university
- Authors: Sorensen, Thomas
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Xenophobia -- South Africa , Multicultural education -- South Africa , Refugees -- Education -- South Africa , Immigrants -- Violence against -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1013272
- Description: South Africa’s borders were opened up in 1994 after Nelson Mandela became president. Since then South Africa has been battling xenophobia as immigrants from African nations started to come to the rainbow nation for a better life away from persecution, civil wars, and extreme poverty. Still, up until 2008 when massive riots broke out in Alexandria Township in Gauteng, xenophobia was an unknown word to most people outside academic, social work, and government circles. This has all changed now as 2008 will in all likelihood be remembered as the year when xenophobic violence erupted in South Africa and became a general feature in our daily media bulletins, prime time television broadcasts, and in our society as a whole. The South African university where the current study took place was also affected by xenophobia although without any displays of public violence. The current study sought to understand and describe the lived experience of xenophobia by individual, international, African students at a South African university. The study adopted a qualitative approach and the methodology used was multiple case studies employing Tesch’s model of content analysis. The findings of the study showed that the research participants, as a combined group, have lived through a wide range of xenophobic experiences excluding physical violence and that the research participants’ personal characteristics influenced their exposure to and experience of xenophobia. The study contributed to the understanding of the lived experience of xenophobia within a South African university by international, African students.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Sorensen, Thomas
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Xenophobia -- South Africa , Multicultural education -- South Africa , Refugees -- Education -- South Africa , Immigrants -- Violence against -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9944 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1013272
- Description: South Africa’s borders were opened up in 1994 after Nelson Mandela became president. Since then South Africa has been battling xenophobia as immigrants from African nations started to come to the rainbow nation for a better life away from persecution, civil wars, and extreme poverty. Still, up until 2008 when massive riots broke out in Alexandria Township in Gauteng, xenophobia was an unknown word to most people outside academic, social work, and government circles. This has all changed now as 2008 will in all likelihood be remembered as the year when xenophobic violence erupted in South Africa and became a general feature in our daily media bulletins, prime time television broadcasts, and in our society as a whole. The South African university where the current study took place was also affected by xenophobia although without any displays of public violence. The current study sought to understand and describe the lived experience of xenophobia by individual, international, African students at a South African university. The study adopted a qualitative approach and the methodology used was multiple case studies employing Tesch’s model of content analysis. The findings of the study showed that the research participants, as a combined group, have lived through a wide range of xenophobic experiences excluding physical violence and that the research participants’ personal characteristics influenced their exposure to and experience of xenophobia. The study contributed to the understanding of the lived experience of xenophobia within a South African university by international, African students.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The making of business news in Africa: a case study of Cameroon Tribune newspaper
- Authors: Tawe, Ngamale Emmanuel
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Journalism -- Cameroon Mass media -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Cameroon Cameroon Tribune (Cameroon) Journalism, Commercial -- Sociological aspects -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Social aspects -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Economic aspects -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Political aspects -- Cameroon Cameroon -- Economic conditions Elite (Social sciences)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3487 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002942
- Description: Since the emergence of business journalism as a genre within the broad spectrum of news reporting, most of the scholarly works into its development have focused on growth in the western (that is developed) world. This indicates that very limited research has been done in the field of business journalism in the developing economies. Thus there exist gaps in understanding the practice of business journalism in Africa and part of this is rooted in how the practice is defined. This study aims to shed light on the practice of business journalism in this African context. It explores the onset and development of business journalism and its evolution in Africa. The main focus in this case study was to understand the definition of business news in the specific context of the Cameroon Tribune. Individual in-depth interviews were used as the main (primary) data collection method along with observation and cursory reading as complementary (secondary) methods. This study is influenced by the sociology of news production which foregrounds theoretical frames such as news construction and gatekeeping. Findings from this study reveal that business news at the Cameroon Tribune is elitist, essentially defined around personality and, is in the most part, development news. Additional findings indicate that the absence of any editorial guidelines leaves most reporters secondguessing how to please management with socialised values mostly acquired through peer learning. In conclusion, this study advances the necessity for the Africanisation of business news. This would entail reporting financial, economic, consumer, and corporate affairs, from a vocabulary and composition context that unveils much exchange taking place in the lives of many Africans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Tawe, Ngamale Emmanuel
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Journalism -- Cameroon Mass media -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Cameroon Cameroon Tribune (Cameroon) Journalism, Commercial -- Sociological aspects -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Social aspects -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Economic aspects -- Cameroon Journalism, Commercial -- Political aspects -- Cameroon Cameroon -- Economic conditions Elite (Social sciences)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3487 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002942
- Description: Since the emergence of business journalism as a genre within the broad spectrum of news reporting, most of the scholarly works into its development have focused on growth in the western (that is developed) world. This indicates that very limited research has been done in the field of business journalism in the developing economies. Thus there exist gaps in understanding the practice of business journalism in Africa and part of this is rooted in how the practice is defined. This study aims to shed light on the practice of business journalism in this African context. It explores the onset and development of business journalism and its evolution in Africa. The main focus in this case study was to understand the definition of business news in the specific context of the Cameroon Tribune. Individual in-depth interviews were used as the main (primary) data collection method along with observation and cursory reading as complementary (secondary) methods. This study is influenced by the sociology of news production which foregrounds theoretical frames such as news construction and gatekeeping. Findings from this study reveal that business news at the Cameroon Tribune is elitist, essentially defined around personality and, is in the most part, development news. Additional findings indicate that the absence of any editorial guidelines leaves most reporters secondguessing how to please management with socialised values mostly acquired through peer learning. In conclusion, this study advances the necessity for the Africanisation of business news. This would entail reporting financial, economic, consumer, and corporate affairs, from a vocabulary and composition context that unveils much exchange taking place in the lives of many Africans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The management approaches by principals for teacher absenteeism in the township high schools in the Port Elizabeth district of education
- Authors: Nogaga, Andile Selwin
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , High school principals -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , High schools -- Administration
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8813 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018687
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore views of the township high school principals regarding their approaches to teacher absenteeism management, with the objective of formulating an integrated strategic management model, which can be used to manage teacher absenteeism. To realise this goal, the following actions were undertaken: A literature study was conducted to uncover the absenteeism curbing strategies that will assist the school principals to deal with teacher absenteeism. A literature study was also conducted to determine the scope and the nature of teacher absenteeism as well as the legal framework that governs the management of absenteeism. A documental analysis of the policies, as provided by the Department of Education, was conducted to determine exactly what they entail regarding absenteeism management. The forces driving absenteeism and the variables involved in those forces, as well as elements making up those variables were identified and their influences were investigated. Hence, a theoretical framework consisting of these causal variables was developed to focus on the management of teacher absenteeism. As a result of this theoretical framework, an instrument in the form of a questionnaire was designed to determine the principals’ approach to teacher absenteeism as well as their consistency with the model. The survey was conducted in the township high schools in the Port Elizabeth District of Education. The findings from the empirical research indicated a strong agreement amongst the respondents, with the prevalence of unauthorised teacher absences, factors influencing absenteeism, teacher absenteeism management strategies as well as compliance with the teacher absenteeism management programme/plan.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Nogaga, Andile Selwin
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , High school principals -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , High schools -- Administration
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8813 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018687
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore views of the township high school principals regarding their approaches to teacher absenteeism management, with the objective of formulating an integrated strategic management model, which can be used to manage teacher absenteeism. To realise this goal, the following actions were undertaken: A literature study was conducted to uncover the absenteeism curbing strategies that will assist the school principals to deal with teacher absenteeism. A literature study was also conducted to determine the scope and the nature of teacher absenteeism as well as the legal framework that governs the management of absenteeism. A documental analysis of the policies, as provided by the Department of Education, was conducted to determine exactly what they entail regarding absenteeism management. The forces driving absenteeism and the variables involved in those forces, as well as elements making up those variables were identified and their influences were investigated. Hence, a theoretical framework consisting of these causal variables was developed to focus on the management of teacher absenteeism. As a result of this theoretical framework, an instrument in the form of a questionnaire was designed to determine the principals’ approach to teacher absenteeism as well as their consistency with the model. The survey was conducted in the township high schools in the Port Elizabeth District of Education. The findings from the empirical research indicated a strong agreement amongst the respondents, with the prevalence of unauthorised teacher absences, factors influencing absenteeism, teacher absenteeism management strategies as well as compliance with the teacher absenteeism management programme/plan.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The Management of learners who experience barriers to learning in mainstream Primary Schools in the Eastern Cape
- Wevers, Nicolaas Ebenhaezer Jacobus
- Authors: Wevers, Nicolaas Ebenhaezer Jacobus
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Inclusive education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Learning disabilities -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mainstreaming in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:9453 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015186
- Description: Much emphasis has been placed on democracy, equality and human rights since the dawn of the democratic South Africa in 1994. Efforts to align the South African education system with the democratic principles of the Constitution, not only in terms of eradicating past racial divides, but also in terms of accessibility to learners who experience barriers to learning are eminent. The South African Government issued various policies to ensure quality, equitable and accessible education for all, irrespective of ability. Theoretically, no learner should therefore being discriminated against on any basis. In practice, however, thousands of learners, especially those who experience barriers to learning are denied the opportunity to receive meaningful development opportunities in many mainstream primary schools, resulting in their early drop out from school without having acquired the basic skills and knowledge to become self sustainable members of their communities. With the adoption of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model as theoretical framework for this study, the primary aim of this qualitative investigation was to investigate and describe how effective learners who experience barriers to learning are managed in mainstream primary schools and to develop a framework for the creation of more sustainable management systems to ensure that the needs of all learners are met. The findings of the empirical investigation revealed that most learners who experience barriers to learning are currently not managed effectively in mainstream primary schools due to factors situated across the whole education system, to the detriment of learners who experience barriers to learning. Based on the findings of the empirical investigation, this study proposes a framework which will ensure the effective management of learners who experience barriers to learning in mainstream primary schools. The framework include recommendations to be implemented across all layers of the ecological system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Wevers, Nicolaas Ebenhaezer Jacobus
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Inclusive education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Learning disabilities -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mainstreaming in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:9453 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015186
- Description: Much emphasis has been placed on democracy, equality and human rights since the dawn of the democratic South Africa in 1994. Efforts to align the South African education system with the democratic principles of the Constitution, not only in terms of eradicating past racial divides, but also in terms of accessibility to learners who experience barriers to learning are eminent. The South African Government issued various policies to ensure quality, equitable and accessible education for all, irrespective of ability. Theoretically, no learner should therefore being discriminated against on any basis. In practice, however, thousands of learners, especially those who experience barriers to learning are denied the opportunity to receive meaningful development opportunities in many mainstream primary schools, resulting in their early drop out from school without having acquired the basic skills and knowledge to become self sustainable members of their communities. With the adoption of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model as theoretical framework for this study, the primary aim of this qualitative investigation was to investigate and describe how effective learners who experience barriers to learning are managed in mainstream primary schools and to develop a framework for the creation of more sustainable management systems to ensure that the needs of all learners are met. The findings of the empirical investigation revealed that most learners who experience barriers to learning are currently not managed effectively in mainstream primary schools due to factors situated across the whole education system, to the detriment of learners who experience barriers to learning. Based on the findings of the empirical investigation, this study proposes a framework which will ensure the effective management of learners who experience barriers to learning in mainstream primary schools. The framework include recommendations to be implemented across all layers of the ecological system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The meaning of place of 'effective management' in the context of South African domestic tax law
- Authors: Daniels, Paul
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Double taxation -- Treaties , Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:8960 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018822
- Description: South Africa has a residence based system of taxation in which South African tax residents are taxed on their worldwide income. A company or other artificial person is regarded as a South African resident for tax purposes if it is incorporated, established or formed in South Africa or if its ‗effective management‘ is located in South Africa. Where a tax treaty determines in terms of its tie breaker rule that an artificial person is not resident in South Africa for treaty purposes, the company will also not be regarded as a tax resident in terms of South African domestic law. Treaties to which South Africa is party will often use the effective management‘ as the tie-breaker where a person other than an individual is resident in both Contracting states in terms of the respective states‘ domestic laws. The tests of ‗incorporation, established and formed‘ provide simplicity and certainty to governments but are easily open to manipulation by taxpayers. Therefore, the legislature found it necessary to incorporate effective management‘ as a test for residency into the Act. Effective management‘ is a substance over form concept which be described as a function which embodies the periodic, most senior executive management functions, which are required for the management of the affairs of the entity as whole. The test of effective management‘ by its very nature is concerned with where the crucial decisions are made in order to make a business function. To identify the location of effective management‘ it is necessary to enquire who calls the shots‘ in the context of the management of the company as opposed to who controls the company notwithstanding that there may in certain instances be overlap between the two functions. It is submitted that any person who, on the face of it seems unconnected to a company, could effectively manage‘ a company if that person is, in substance, responsible for the most senior executive management functions of the company. The discussion paper issued by SARS recognises the principal difficulties experienced with its current interpretation of the concept and makes valuable points, concessions and recommendations. It also recognised that the 'calling of shots' by the most senior executive is a critical marker of effective management‘ and that control of a company is irrelevant in determining effective management‘. To determine who effectively manages‘ a company each situation would have to be analysed on its own as it is not possible to create a definitive rule on the concept. In many cases the nature of the entity and its modus operandi would have to be taken into account to determine effective management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Daniels, Paul
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Double taxation -- Treaties , Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: vital:8960 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018822
- Description: South Africa has a residence based system of taxation in which South African tax residents are taxed on their worldwide income. A company or other artificial person is regarded as a South African resident for tax purposes if it is incorporated, established or formed in South Africa or if its ‗effective management‘ is located in South Africa. Where a tax treaty determines in terms of its tie breaker rule that an artificial person is not resident in South Africa for treaty purposes, the company will also not be regarded as a tax resident in terms of South African domestic law. Treaties to which South Africa is party will often use the effective management‘ as the tie-breaker where a person other than an individual is resident in both Contracting states in terms of the respective states‘ domestic laws. The tests of ‗incorporation, established and formed‘ provide simplicity and certainty to governments but are easily open to manipulation by taxpayers. Therefore, the legislature found it necessary to incorporate effective management‘ as a test for residency into the Act. Effective management‘ is a substance over form concept which be described as a function which embodies the periodic, most senior executive management functions, which are required for the management of the affairs of the entity as whole. The test of effective management‘ by its very nature is concerned with where the crucial decisions are made in order to make a business function. To identify the location of effective management‘ it is necessary to enquire who calls the shots‘ in the context of the management of the company as opposed to who controls the company notwithstanding that there may in certain instances be overlap between the two functions. It is submitted that any person who, on the face of it seems unconnected to a company, could effectively manage‘ a company if that person is, in substance, responsible for the most senior executive management functions of the company. The discussion paper issued by SARS recognises the principal difficulties experienced with its current interpretation of the concept and makes valuable points, concessions and recommendations. It also recognised that the 'calling of shots' by the most senior executive is a critical marker of effective management‘ and that control of a company is irrelevant in determining effective management‘. To determine who effectively manages‘ a company each situation would have to be analysed on its own as it is not possible to create a definitive rule on the concept. In many cases the nature of the entity and its modus operandi would have to be taken into account to determine effective management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The mediating role of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty
- Authors: Chihombori, Rumbidzai Anna
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Mobile commerce , Mobile communication systems , Customer services -- Management , Customer relations , Customer loyalty , Customer services -- Evaluation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Com (Business Management)
- Identifier: vital:11324 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1013388 , Mobile commerce , Mobile communication systems , Customer services -- Management , Customer relations , Customer loyalty , Customer services -- Evaluation
- Description: The main objective of this study was to critically investigate the mediating role that the use of mobile technology plays in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a semi-urban environment. The research problem focused on the application of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the clothing industry in King Williams Town. In accomplishing this objective, this research study hypothesised that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of customers of clothing retailers in South Africa. Multiple regression was conducted to test for the first hypothesis. The first secondary objective aimed at establishing if there is disconfirmation between customer expectations and the performance of clothing retail outlets in King Williams Town. In exploring this objective, it was hypothesised that there is negative disconfirmation between customer expectations and performance. A paired sample test was conducted to test for this hypothesis. In addition, the influence of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty was explored. To accomplish these, it was hypothesised that both service quality and customer satisfaction have an influence on customer loyalty. Pearson’s Correlation and the Chi-Square Test were applied to test the influence of service quality and Customer satisfaction on Customer loyalty. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software. Regression analysis, chi-square tests, Paired sample tests and correlation reports were used to analyse data inferentially. Reliability and validity of the research was also tested using Cronchbach’s alpha test. The results show that mobile phones have become a basic necessity for customers and that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty; however, the mediation is partial. The results also show that there is positive disconfirmation between customer expectations and retailer performance; that both service quality and customer satisfaction have a positive correlation with customer loyalty and that mobile technology enhances customer loyalty. Finally, the results show that the total service experience of customers is favourable vii because the five components of service quality were rendered at a high level of service quality. The study offers several managerial recommendations. Firstly, retail managers should make strategic investments in mobile technology and use this technology to the full to reap the benefits of technologically advanced mobile communication. Secondly, managers should be creative in their use of this mobile technology to enhance customer satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty. Thirdly, managers should prioritise the improvement of all five components of service quality in order to enhance customer loyalty. Finally, managers should provide a customer-centred service experience that exceeds customer expectations for service quality and mobile communication, one that maximises customer satisfaction and loyalty. The implementation of these recommendations could result in clothing retailers providing a customer-focused service experience in all five aspects of service quality. To successfully implement these recommendations, clothing retailers should: ensure that expectations created, could be accomplished or exceeded to build and enhance customer satisfaction; create expectations that are realistic to avoid negative disconfirmation and hence customer dissatisfaction; implement innovative and creative mobile communication strategies to build and enhance customer loyalty; and finally, improve loyalty programmes to enlarge the customer base.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Chihombori, Rumbidzai Anna
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Mobile commerce , Mobile communication systems , Customer services -- Management , Customer relations , Customer loyalty , Customer services -- Evaluation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Com (Business Management)
- Identifier: vital:11324 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1013388 , Mobile commerce , Mobile communication systems , Customer services -- Management , Customer relations , Customer loyalty , Customer services -- Evaluation
- Description: The main objective of this study was to critically investigate the mediating role that the use of mobile technology plays in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a semi-urban environment. The research problem focused on the application of mobile technology in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the clothing industry in King Williams Town. In accomplishing this objective, this research study hypothesised that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of customers of clothing retailers in South Africa. Multiple regression was conducted to test for the first hypothesis. The first secondary objective aimed at establishing if there is disconfirmation between customer expectations and the performance of clothing retail outlets in King Williams Town. In exploring this objective, it was hypothesised that there is negative disconfirmation between customer expectations and performance. A paired sample test was conducted to test for this hypothesis. In addition, the influence of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty was explored. To accomplish these, it was hypothesised that both service quality and customer satisfaction have an influence on customer loyalty. Pearson’s Correlation and the Chi-Square Test were applied to test the influence of service quality and Customer satisfaction on Customer loyalty. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software. Regression analysis, chi-square tests, Paired sample tests and correlation reports were used to analyse data inferentially. Reliability and validity of the research was also tested using Cronchbach’s alpha test. The results show that mobile phones have become a basic necessity for customers and that mobile technology plays a mediating role in the linkage between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty; however, the mediation is partial. The results also show that there is positive disconfirmation between customer expectations and retailer performance; that both service quality and customer satisfaction have a positive correlation with customer loyalty and that mobile technology enhances customer loyalty. Finally, the results show that the total service experience of customers is favourable vii because the five components of service quality were rendered at a high level of service quality. The study offers several managerial recommendations. Firstly, retail managers should make strategic investments in mobile technology and use this technology to the full to reap the benefits of technologically advanced mobile communication. Secondly, managers should be creative in their use of this mobile technology to enhance customer satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty. Thirdly, managers should prioritise the improvement of all five components of service quality in order to enhance customer loyalty. Finally, managers should provide a customer-centred service experience that exceeds customer expectations for service quality and mobile communication, one that maximises customer satisfaction and loyalty. The implementation of these recommendations could result in clothing retailers providing a customer-focused service experience in all five aspects of service quality. To successfully implement these recommendations, clothing retailers should: ensure that expectations created, could be accomplished or exceeded to build and enhance customer satisfaction; create expectations that are realistic to avoid negative disconfirmation and hence customer dissatisfaction; implement innovative and creative mobile communication strategies to build and enhance customer loyalty; and finally, improve loyalty programmes to enlarge the customer base.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The medicinal chemistry of Cyclo (D-PHE-4I-PRO) and Cyclo (L-PHE-4I-PRO)
- Authors: Qhola, Lipolelo
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10152 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011619 , Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Description: Cyclic dipeptides have been widely used as pharmaceutical agents due to their favourable properties and the fact that they are more stable and membrane permeable than their linear analogues. These characteristics make cyclic dipeptides attractive to protein-based drug developers (Martins & Carvalho, 2007). In this research study, the method of Milne et al. (1992) was used to synthesize the protected linear dipeptide esters. This was followed by boiling the unprotected, linear dipeptide esters under reflux in an oil bath (Sec-butanol: toluene (4:1)). This method gave good yields and pure cyclic dipeptides. Scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used for evaluation of the physiochemical properties of the cyclic dipeptides. High-performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to determine the purity of the cyclic dipeptides. The structures of the cyclic dipeptides were elucidated using infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling and computational chemistry. The aim of the study was to determine the possible therapeutic activity of cyclo(D-Phe-4I-Pro) and cyclo(L-Phe-4I-Pro) with regard to antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetes and haematological effects. Both cyclic dipeptides showed a significant growth inhibition of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and fungal microorganisms in the antimicrobial study. Anticancer studies showed that both cyclic dipeptides caused growth inhibition of the MCF-7, HT-29 and HeLa cancer cell lines. Both cyclic dipeptides showed no antidiabetic activity. Haematological studies revealed that both cyclic dipeptides caused a significant effect on the clotting time and platelet aggregation. They caused an increase in clotting time and also inhibited platelet aggregation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Qhola, Lipolelo
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10152 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011619 , Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Description: Cyclic dipeptides have been widely used as pharmaceutical agents due to their favourable properties and the fact that they are more stable and membrane permeable than their linear analogues. These characteristics make cyclic dipeptides attractive to protein-based drug developers (Martins & Carvalho, 2007). In this research study, the method of Milne et al. (1992) was used to synthesize the protected linear dipeptide esters. This was followed by boiling the unprotected, linear dipeptide esters under reflux in an oil bath (Sec-butanol: toluene (4:1)). This method gave good yields and pure cyclic dipeptides. Scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used for evaluation of the physiochemical properties of the cyclic dipeptides. High-performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to determine the purity of the cyclic dipeptides. The structures of the cyclic dipeptides were elucidated using infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling and computational chemistry. The aim of the study was to determine the possible therapeutic activity of cyclo(D-Phe-4I-Pro) and cyclo(L-Phe-4I-Pro) with regard to antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetes and haematological effects. Both cyclic dipeptides showed a significant growth inhibition of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and fungal microorganisms in the antimicrobial study. Anticancer studies showed that both cyclic dipeptides caused growth inhibition of the MCF-7, HT-29 and HeLa cancer cell lines. Both cyclic dipeptides showed no antidiabetic activity. Haematological studies revealed that both cyclic dipeptides caused a significant effect on the clotting time and platelet aggregation. They caused an increase in clotting time and also inhibited platelet aggregation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The medicinal chemistry of cyclo(Phe-4CI-Pro) and Cyclo(D-Phe-4CI-Pro)
- Authors: Milne, Marnus
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10157 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011848 , Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Description: Cyclic dipeptides have limited conformational freedom due to their diketopiperazine backbone and their small size. They are relatively simple to synthesise, making them ideal subjects for investigation into their biological effects. Cyclic dipeptides have also been known for their multitude of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer and haematological properties. In this study the cyclic dipeptides, cyclo(Phe-4Cl-Pro) and cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro), were synthesised from their corresponding linear precursors using a modified phenol-induced cyclisation procedure. The phenol induced cyclisation procedure resulted in good yields and purity of the cyclic dipeptides. Quantitative analysis and evaluation of the physiochemical properties of the cyclic dipeptides was achieved using high-performance liquid chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Structural elucidation of the cyclic dipeptides was done by means of infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modelling. The study‟s aim was to determine the biological activity of cyclo(Phe-4Cl-Pro) and cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro) with respect to their anticancer, antimicrobial, haematological and ant-diabetic studies. Anticancer studies revealed that cyclo(Phe-4Cl-Pro) and cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro) inhibited the growth of HeLa (cervical cancer), HT-29 (colon cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cancer cell lines. Both cyclic dipeptides also inhibited the growth of certain selected Gram-positive, Gram-negative and fungal microorganisms in the antimicrobial study. Although the inhibition of growth in the anticancer and antimicrobial studies was statistically significant, the clinical relevance is questionable, since the inhibition produced by both cyclic dipeptides was very limited compared to other pre-existing anticancer and antimicrobial agents. Both cyclic dipeptides caused a significant shortening of the APTT and PT clotting times and an increase in the fibrin and D-Dimer formation. Cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro) at a screening concentration of 12.5 mM and 3.125 mM, showed significant anti-platelet activity. Both cyclic dipeptides failed to produce any inhibition of the α-Glucosidase enzyme and very limited inhibition of the α-Amylase enzyme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Milne, Marnus
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10157 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011848 , Cyclic peptides , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Peptide drugs
- Description: Cyclic dipeptides have limited conformational freedom due to their diketopiperazine backbone and their small size. They are relatively simple to synthesise, making them ideal subjects for investigation into their biological effects. Cyclic dipeptides have also been known for their multitude of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer and haematological properties. In this study the cyclic dipeptides, cyclo(Phe-4Cl-Pro) and cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro), were synthesised from their corresponding linear precursors using a modified phenol-induced cyclisation procedure. The phenol induced cyclisation procedure resulted in good yields and purity of the cyclic dipeptides. Quantitative analysis and evaluation of the physiochemical properties of the cyclic dipeptides was achieved using high-performance liquid chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Structural elucidation of the cyclic dipeptides was done by means of infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modelling. The study‟s aim was to determine the biological activity of cyclo(Phe-4Cl-Pro) and cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro) with respect to their anticancer, antimicrobial, haematological and ant-diabetic studies. Anticancer studies revealed that cyclo(Phe-4Cl-Pro) and cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro) inhibited the growth of HeLa (cervical cancer), HT-29 (colon cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cancer cell lines. Both cyclic dipeptides also inhibited the growth of certain selected Gram-positive, Gram-negative and fungal microorganisms in the antimicrobial study. Although the inhibition of growth in the anticancer and antimicrobial studies was statistically significant, the clinical relevance is questionable, since the inhibition produced by both cyclic dipeptides was very limited compared to other pre-existing anticancer and antimicrobial agents. Both cyclic dipeptides caused a significant shortening of the APTT and PT clotting times and an increase in the fibrin and D-Dimer formation. Cyclo(D-Phe-4Cl-Pro) at a screening concentration of 12.5 mM and 3.125 mM, showed significant anti-platelet activity. Both cyclic dipeptides failed to produce any inhibition of the α-Glucosidase enzyme and very limited inhibition of the α-Amylase enzyme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The molecular analysis of the interation surface between sCD23 and the B2-integrins, CD11b & CD11c
- Authors: Pereira, Melanie Claire
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: CD23 antigen , Immune response -- Regulation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10337 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1014734
- Description: Both CD23 and the β2 integrins (also known as CD11/CD18) have very important immunological functions, especially during the allergic response where the binding of CD23 to β2 integrins contributes to various types of signalling in monocytes which can result in drastic sensitivities experienced by some allergic individuals. CD23, also known as the low affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E or (FcεRII), is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which is synthesized by haematopoietic cells and has biological activity in both membrane-bound and freely soluble forms. It acts via a number of receptors, including the β2 integrins. β2 integrins are specifically found on leukocytes and they play important roles in cell–cell or cell–matrix adhesion via their ability to bind multiple ligands. These molecules occur as heterodimers consisting of an alpha (α) and beta (β) subunit. The α-subunits of β2 integrins contain an approximately 200-amino-acid inserted domain or I-domain which is implicated in ligand binding function. There are four different types of β2 integrins, namely CD11a, CD11b, CD11c and CD11d, all dimers with the common beta subunit, CD18. CD23 and CD11/18 are natural ligands of each other; however the interaction site for CD23 is unknown. It is postulated that the integrin recognizes a tripeptide motif in a small disulfide-bonded loop at the N-terminus of the lectin head region of CD23, which is focussed around Arg172, Lys173 and Cys174 (RKC). This study thus focused on the interaction between the I-domain of CD11 (b and c) and a recombinant 25kDa construct of sCD23. In order to understand the characteristics of ligand binding between the relevant proteins of interest, alanine substitutions on the RKC motif of CD23 were made via site-directed mutagenesis. Consequently, a recombinant form of the I-domain of CD11 (b and c) as well as a wild type (containing the RKC motif) and mutant form (containing an AAC motif) of sCD23 were expressed and purified. The CD11 recombinant proteins were purified via affinity chromatography and the CD23 recombinant proteins via gel filtration chromatography. In addition, synthetic (CD23 derived) peptides, one containing the RKC sequence and the other the AAC sequence, were designed and custom synthesized. The synthetic peptides as well as the recombinant CD23 proteins were then analyzed for their interaction with the CD11 I-domain via ELISA. Subsequent ELISA analyses showed that the native sCD23 and the RKC peptide were able to bind to the integrin α I-domain whereas the mutant sCD23 and the corresponding synthetic AAC peptide failed to bind. This interaction was also analysed via flow cytometry using differentiated U937 cells, yielding similar results. ELISA analyses for the sCD23-CD11b I-domain interaction showed a Kd of 0.36 ± 0.14 μM whereas the RKC-CD11b I-domain interaction yielded a Kd of 1.75 ± 0.58 μM. Similarly, the sCD23-CD11c I-domain interaction yielded a Kd of 0.39 ± 0.09 μM and 1.53 ± 0.72 μM for the RKC-CD11c I-domain interaction. Peptide inhibitory analysis, analysed via ELISA and flow cytometry, reinforced the fact that the RKC motif on sCD23 is a prerequisite for ligand binding of the CD11b/c I-domain.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Pereira, Melanie Claire
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: CD23 antigen , Immune response -- Regulation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10337 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1014734
- Description: Both CD23 and the β2 integrins (also known as CD11/CD18) have very important immunological functions, especially during the allergic response where the binding of CD23 to β2 integrins contributes to various types of signalling in monocytes which can result in drastic sensitivities experienced by some allergic individuals. CD23, also known as the low affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E or (FcεRII), is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which is synthesized by haematopoietic cells and has biological activity in both membrane-bound and freely soluble forms. It acts via a number of receptors, including the β2 integrins. β2 integrins are specifically found on leukocytes and they play important roles in cell–cell or cell–matrix adhesion via their ability to bind multiple ligands. These molecules occur as heterodimers consisting of an alpha (α) and beta (β) subunit. The α-subunits of β2 integrins contain an approximately 200-amino-acid inserted domain or I-domain which is implicated in ligand binding function. There are four different types of β2 integrins, namely CD11a, CD11b, CD11c and CD11d, all dimers with the common beta subunit, CD18. CD23 and CD11/18 are natural ligands of each other; however the interaction site for CD23 is unknown. It is postulated that the integrin recognizes a tripeptide motif in a small disulfide-bonded loop at the N-terminus of the lectin head region of CD23, which is focussed around Arg172, Lys173 and Cys174 (RKC). This study thus focused on the interaction between the I-domain of CD11 (b and c) and a recombinant 25kDa construct of sCD23. In order to understand the characteristics of ligand binding between the relevant proteins of interest, alanine substitutions on the RKC motif of CD23 were made via site-directed mutagenesis. Consequently, a recombinant form of the I-domain of CD11 (b and c) as well as a wild type (containing the RKC motif) and mutant form (containing an AAC motif) of sCD23 were expressed and purified. The CD11 recombinant proteins were purified via affinity chromatography and the CD23 recombinant proteins via gel filtration chromatography. In addition, synthetic (CD23 derived) peptides, one containing the RKC sequence and the other the AAC sequence, were designed and custom synthesized. The synthetic peptides as well as the recombinant CD23 proteins were then analyzed for their interaction with the CD11 I-domain via ELISA. Subsequent ELISA analyses showed that the native sCD23 and the RKC peptide were able to bind to the integrin α I-domain whereas the mutant sCD23 and the corresponding synthetic AAC peptide failed to bind. This interaction was also analysed via flow cytometry using differentiated U937 cells, yielding similar results. ELISA analyses for the sCD23-CD11b I-domain interaction showed a Kd of 0.36 ± 0.14 μM whereas the RKC-CD11b I-domain interaction yielded a Kd of 1.75 ± 0.58 μM. Similarly, the sCD23-CD11c I-domain interaction yielded a Kd of 0.39 ± 0.09 μM and 1.53 ± 0.72 μM for the RKC-CD11c I-domain interaction. Peptide inhibitory analysis, analysed via ELISA and flow cytometry, reinforced the fact that the RKC motif on sCD23 is a prerequisite for ligand binding of the CD11b/c I-domain.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The narrative of vulnerability and deprivation in protection regimes for the internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Africa: an appraisal of the Kampala Convention
- Authors: Juma, Laurence
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128448 , vital:36110 , https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/laacydev16amp;div=14amp;g_sent=1amp;casa_token=amp;collection=journals
- Description: Prior to the 1990s, the phenomenon of internal displacement did not attract much attention from the international community. Most states, suspicious of the external interests in what they considered to be a purely internal matter were not keen to expose difficulties or suffering of their displaced citizens. And insistence on protection of the internally displaced by international organisations was seen as an affront to sovereignty.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Juma, Laurence
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128448 , vital:36110 , https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/laacydev16amp;div=14amp;g_sent=1amp;casa_token=amp;collection=journals
- Description: Prior to the 1990s, the phenomenon of internal displacement did not attract much attention from the international community. Most states, suspicious of the external interests in what they considered to be a purely internal matter were not keen to expose difficulties or suffering of their displaced citizens. And insistence on protection of the internally displaced by international organisations was seen as an affront to sovereignty.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012
The nature and quality of the mathematical connections teachers make:
- Mhlolo, Michael K, Schäfer, Marc, Venkat, Hamsa
- Authors: Mhlolo, Michael K , Schäfer, Marc , Venkat, Hamsa
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140893 , vital:37927 , https://0-hdl.handle.net.wam.seals.ac.za/10520/EJC120887
- Description: Current reforms in mathematics education emphasise the need for pedagogy because it offers learners opportunities to develop their proficiency with complex high-level cognitive processes. One has always associated the ability to make mathematical connections, together with the teacher's role in teaching them, with deep mathematical understanding. This article examines the nature and quality of the mathematical connections that the teachers' representations of those connections enabled or constrained. The researchers made video recordings of four Grade 11 teachers as they taught a series of five lessons on algebra-related topics. The results showed that the teachers' representations of mathematical connections were either faulty or superficial in most cases. It compromised the learners' opportunities for making meaningful mathematical connections. The researchers concluded by suggesting that helping teachers to build their representation repertoires could increase the effectiveness of their instructional practices.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Mhlolo, Michael K , Schäfer, Marc , Venkat, Hamsa
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140893 , vital:37927 , https://0-hdl.handle.net.wam.seals.ac.za/10520/EJC120887
- Description: Current reforms in mathematics education emphasise the need for pedagogy because it offers learners opportunities to develop their proficiency with complex high-level cognitive processes. One has always associated the ability to make mathematical connections, together with the teacher's role in teaching them, with deep mathematical understanding. This article examines the nature and quality of the mathematical connections that the teachers' representations of those connections enabled or constrained. The researchers made video recordings of four Grade 11 teachers as they taught a series of five lessons on algebra-related topics. The results showed that the teachers' representations of mathematical connections were either faulty or superficial in most cases. It compromised the learners' opportunities for making meaningful mathematical connections. The researchers concluded by suggesting that helping teachers to build their representation repertoires could increase the effectiveness of their instructional practices.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The need for nuance media freedom and regulation
- Authors: Wasserman, Herman
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/454607 , vital:75359 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC134121
- Description: "I think that sometimes the media also positions itself as an opposition to the state. Especially in a situation where you have quite a strong rul-ing party and a weak and splintered opposition, the media assumes an advocacy role which in some cases is healthy but in some cases that can actually distort progress."
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Wasserman, Herman
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/454607 , vital:75359 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC134121
- Description: "I think that sometimes the media also positions itself as an opposition to the state. Especially in a situation where you have quite a strong rul-ing party and a weak and splintered opposition, the media assumes an advocacy role which in some cases is healthy but in some cases that can actually distort progress."
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The newly qualified professional nurses' proficiency in utilizing psychiatric nursing skills in mental health institution and community health care facilities
- Authors: Zonke, Lulama Henrietta
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Psychiatric nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Caregivers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mental health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11898 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001098 , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Psychiatric nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Caregivers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mental health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The aim of this study was to determine the ability and proficiency of the newly qualified professional nurses in utilising psychiatric nursing skills at Chris Hani District Psychiatric Health Care Services in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The research method was a qualitative, phenomenological approach. A purposive sample of newly qualified professional nurses and supervisors participated in the study. The data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions, using semi – structured interview guides. Interviews responses were recorded on the interview guide. Data were analysed using the computer software Atlas ti and manually. Positive and negative themes were identified. Ethical considerations were ensured by means of privacy, anonymity and confidentiality. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Fort Hare and permission from the Provincial Department of Health and Chris Hani District Health and Mental Health Institution at Queenstown was sought. The findings revealed that newly qualified professional nurses performed well, according to the perception of their supervisors. Newly qualified professional nurses were faced with challenges such as shortage of resources, mental illness not considered as a priority and lack of skills development. The study also revealed that newly qualified professional nurses focussed on the curative aspect of ailments, rather than preventive care. However community health workers (CHW) focussed on the preventive aspect of care. Limitations and recommendations based on the findings of the study are presented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Zonke, Lulama Henrietta
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Psychiatric nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Caregivers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mental health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11898 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001098 , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Psychiatric nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Caregivers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mental health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The aim of this study was to determine the ability and proficiency of the newly qualified professional nurses in utilising psychiatric nursing skills at Chris Hani District Psychiatric Health Care Services in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The research method was a qualitative, phenomenological approach. A purposive sample of newly qualified professional nurses and supervisors participated in the study. The data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions, using semi – structured interview guides. Interviews responses were recorded on the interview guide. Data were analysed using the computer software Atlas ti and manually. Positive and negative themes were identified. Ethical considerations were ensured by means of privacy, anonymity and confidentiality. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Fort Hare and permission from the Provincial Department of Health and Chris Hani District Health and Mental Health Institution at Queenstown was sought. The findings revealed that newly qualified professional nurses performed well, according to the perception of their supervisors. Newly qualified professional nurses were faced with challenges such as shortage of resources, mental illness not considered as a priority and lack of skills development. The study also revealed that newly qualified professional nurses focussed on the curative aspect of ailments, rather than preventive care. However community health workers (CHW) focussed on the preventive aspect of care. Limitations and recommendations based on the findings of the study are presented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
The NINJA-2 catalog of hybrid post-Newtonian/numerical-relativity waveforms for non-precessing black-hole binaries
- Ajith, P, Boyle, M, Brown, Duncan A, Buchman, L T, Pollney, D
- Authors: Ajith, P , Boyle, M , Brown, Duncan A , Buchman, L T , Pollney, D
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6788 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006940
- Description: The Numerical INJection Analysis (NINJA) project is a collaborative effort between members of the numerical relativity and gravitational wave data analysis communities. The purpose of NINJA is to study the sensitivity of existing gravitational-wave search and parameter-estimation algorithms using numerically generated waveforms, and to foster closer collaboration between the numerical relativity and data analysis communities. The first NINJA project used only a small number of injections of short numerical-relativity waveforms, which limited its ability to draw quantitative conclusions. The goal of the NINJA-2 project is to overcome these limitations with long post-Newtonian - numerical relativity hybrid waveforms, large numbers of injections, and the use of real detector data. We report on the submission requirements for the NINJA-2 project and the construction of the waveform catalog. Eight numerical relativity groups have contributed 63 hybrid waveforms consisting of a numerical portion modelling the late inspiral, merger, and ringdown stitched to a post-Newtonian portion modelling the early inspiral. We summarize the techniques used by each group in constructing their submissions. We also report on the procedures used to validate these submissions, including examination in the time and frequency domains and comparisons of waveforms from different groups against each other. These procedures have so far considered only the $(ell,m)=(2,2)$ mode. Based on these studies we judge that the hybrid waveforms are suitable for NINJA-2 studies. We note some of the plans for these investigations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Ajith, P , Boyle, M , Brown, Duncan A , Buchman, L T , Pollney, D
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6788 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006940
- Description: The Numerical INJection Analysis (NINJA) project is a collaborative effort between members of the numerical relativity and gravitational wave data analysis communities. The purpose of NINJA is to study the sensitivity of existing gravitational-wave search and parameter-estimation algorithms using numerically generated waveforms, and to foster closer collaboration between the numerical relativity and data analysis communities. The first NINJA project used only a small number of injections of short numerical-relativity waveforms, which limited its ability to draw quantitative conclusions. The goal of the NINJA-2 project is to overcome these limitations with long post-Newtonian - numerical relativity hybrid waveforms, large numbers of injections, and the use of real detector data. We report on the submission requirements for the NINJA-2 project and the construction of the waveform catalog. Eight numerical relativity groups have contributed 63 hybrid waveforms consisting of a numerical portion modelling the late inspiral, merger, and ringdown stitched to a post-Newtonian portion modelling the early inspiral. We summarize the techniques used by each group in constructing their submissions. We also report on the procedures used to validate these submissions, including examination in the time and frequency domains and comparisons of waveforms from different groups against each other. These procedures have so far considered only the $(ell,m)=(2,2)$ mode. Based on these studies we judge that the hybrid waveforms are suitable for NINJA-2 studies. We note some of the plans for these investigations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012