The changing image of women in Francis Imbuga's Oeuvre
- Oketch, Selline Atieno, West, Mary Eileen
- Authors: Oketch, Selline Atieno , West, Mary Eileen
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Women in literature , Feminist criticism -- Kenya
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DLitt
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/2949 , vital:20373
- Description: The aim of this study was to examine the changing image of women in the oeuvre of Francis Imbuga. Focusing on seven stage plays and two novels published between 1976 and 2011, the study examines the depiction of female characters within the social, cultural and political contexts of post-independence African societies. The depiction of female characters in literature has attracted the attention of numerous scholars globally, particularly with regards to negative female stereotypes in male authored works. This study explores Imbuga’s attitude towards female stereotypes and gender inequalities in literary texts. Using an eclectic framework that includes feminist criticism, feminist stylistics, gender theory and the formal strategies of literature, the study examined gender relations in these texts through the analysis of language and discourse of characters. Further, the study uses the interpretive methods of textual analysis to categorize these works into three phases based on their portrayal of female characters. This method reveals a systematic transformation in the characterization of women from disadvantaged positions in the patriarchal society to more prominent positions in the contemporary society. The study demonstrates that Imbuga makes a positive response to feminism and devices a unique perspective on feminism that celebrates both the domestic and public roles of female characters. In this sense, the female characters contribute to the moral content and aesthetic values of Imbuga’s works. The study concludes that Imbuga views the transformation of female characters in literary texts as part of the broader social change that is desirable in the society. Ultimately, this vision involves shifting focus from the preoccupation with gender inequalities to concern for the welfare and dignity of the human person. Based on the conclusions, recommendations for further study include investigation into the educative and social role of the performing arts as a means of raising consciousness on issues such as HIV/Aids, use of indigenous knowledge in solving contemporary issues, incorporation of African morality and traditions in contemporary literature and a comparative study of Imbuga’s feministic vision with that of other writers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Oketch, Selline Atieno , West, Mary Eileen
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Women in literature , Feminist criticism -- Kenya
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DLitt
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/2949 , vital:20373
- Description: The aim of this study was to examine the changing image of women in the oeuvre of Francis Imbuga. Focusing on seven stage plays and two novels published between 1976 and 2011, the study examines the depiction of female characters within the social, cultural and political contexts of post-independence African societies. The depiction of female characters in literature has attracted the attention of numerous scholars globally, particularly with regards to negative female stereotypes in male authored works. This study explores Imbuga’s attitude towards female stereotypes and gender inequalities in literary texts. Using an eclectic framework that includes feminist criticism, feminist stylistics, gender theory and the formal strategies of literature, the study examined gender relations in these texts through the analysis of language and discourse of characters. Further, the study uses the interpretive methods of textual analysis to categorize these works into three phases based on their portrayal of female characters. This method reveals a systematic transformation in the characterization of women from disadvantaged positions in the patriarchal society to more prominent positions in the contemporary society. The study demonstrates that Imbuga makes a positive response to feminism and devices a unique perspective on feminism that celebrates both the domestic and public roles of female characters. In this sense, the female characters contribute to the moral content and aesthetic values of Imbuga’s works. The study concludes that Imbuga views the transformation of female characters in literary texts as part of the broader social change that is desirable in the society. Ultimately, this vision involves shifting focus from the preoccupation with gender inequalities to concern for the welfare and dignity of the human person. Based on the conclusions, recommendations for further study include investigation into the educative and social role of the performing arts as a means of raising consciousness on issues such as HIV/Aids, use of indigenous knowledge in solving contemporary issues, incorporation of African morality and traditions in contemporary literature and a comparative study of Imbuga’s feministic vision with that of other writers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The characterisation of an openwork block deposit, northern buttress, Vesleskarvet, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica.
- Authors: Hansen, Christel Dorothee
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Formations (Geology) -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Geology, Structural -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Weathering -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Climatic changes -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Physical geography -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Paleoclimatology -- Antarctica
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4878 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013138
- Description: Investigating openwork block accumulation has the potential to further our understanding of rock weathering, the control of geological structure on landforms, the production of substrates for biological colonisation and the impacts of climate change on landform development and dynamics. Various models for the development of these landforms have been proposed. This includes in situ weathering, frost heave and wedging. Furthermore, it has been suggested that cold-based ice has the potential to preserve these features rather than to obliterate them. Blocky deposits are also frequently used as proxy evidence for interpreting palaeoclimates. The morphology and processes acting on a blockfield located on the Northern Buttress of the Vesleskarvet Nunataks, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica (2°W, 71°S) were investigated and characterised. Given block dimensions and orientations that closely resembled the parent material and only small differences in aspect related characteristics observed, the blockfield was found to be autochthonous with in situ block production and of a young (Holocene) age. Small differences in rock hardness measurements suggest some form of aspect control on rock weathering. South-facing sides of clasts were found to be the least weathered. In comparison, consistently low rock hardness rebound values for the north-facing aspects suggest that these are the most weathered sides. Additional indicators of weathering, such as flaking and pitting, support analyses conducted for rock hardness rebound values. Solar radiation received, slope gradients and snow cover were found to influence weathering of clasts across the study site. Furthermore, ambient temperatures and wind speed significantly influenced near-surface ground temperatures dynamics. However, the lack of a matrix and paucity of fine material in textural analyses suggest a limited weathering environment. It is suggested that the retreat of the Antarctic ice sheet during the last LGM led to unloading of the surface, causing dilatation and subsequent fracturing of the bedrock along pre-existing joints, leading to in situ clast supply. Subsequent weathering and erosion along other points or lines of weakness then yielded fines and slight edge rounding of clasts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Hansen, Christel Dorothee
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Formations (Geology) -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Geology, Structural -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Weathering -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Climatic changes -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Physical geography -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Paleoclimatology -- Antarctica
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4878 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013138
- Description: Investigating openwork block accumulation has the potential to further our understanding of rock weathering, the control of geological structure on landforms, the production of substrates for biological colonisation and the impacts of climate change on landform development and dynamics. Various models for the development of these landforms have been proposed. This includes in situ weathering, frost heave and wedging. Furthermore, it has been suggested that cold-based ice has the potential to preserve these features rather than to obliterate them. Blocky deposits are also frequently used as proxy evidence for interpreting palaeoclimates. The morphology and processes acting on a blockfield located on the Northern Buttress of the Vesleskarvet Nunataks, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica (2°W, 71°S) were investigated and characterised. Given block dimensions and orientations that closely resembled the parent material and only small differences in aspect related characteristics observed, the blockfield was found to be autochthonous with in situ block production and of a young (Holocene) age. Small differences in rock hardness measurements suggest some form of aspect control on rock weathering. South-facing sides of clasts were found to be the least weathered. In comparison, consistently low rock hardness rebound values for the north-facing aspects suggest that these are the most weathered sides. Additional indicators of weathering, such as flaking and pitting, support analyses conducted for rock hardness rebound values. Solar radiation received, slope gradients and snow cover were found to influence weathering of clasts across the study site. Furthermore, ambient temperatures and wind speed significantly influenced near-surface ground temperatures dynamics. However, the lack of a matrix and paucity of fine material in textural analyses suggest a limited weathering environment. It is suggested that the retreat of the Antarctic ice sheet during the last LGM led to unloading of the surface, causing dilatation and subsequent fracturing of the bedrock along pre-existing joints, leading to in situ clast supply. Subsequent weathering and erosion along other points or lines of weakness then yielded fines and slight edge rounding of clasts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The characterization of DNAJC3: elucidating the function of the TPR domains
- Mutsvunguma, Lorraine Zvichapera
- Authors: Mutsvunguma, Lorraine Zvichapera
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/55874 , vital:26751
- Description: DNAJC3 is a novel member of the DNAJ family with two domains linked to co-chaperone functions, namely the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and J domain. Out of the two domains, the TPR domains are the least characterized. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize and elucidate additional functions of DNAJC3 TPR domains through in silico, in vitro and ex vivo approaches. Through multiple sequence and structural alignment as well as electrostatic potential analysis, DNAJC3 TPR domain were found to be most similar to TPR-containing proteins with Hsp90 or Hsp70 independent functions. In vitro pull down assays illustrated that DNAJC3 TPR domains did not interact with either cytosolic Hsp90 and Hsp70 or Grp78 and Grp94 directly, however a potential indirect interaction with Grp94 and Hsp90 was observed in mammalian lysates, via pull down assays; suggesting the formation of a complex between the proteins mediated by a specific substrate. DNAJC3 TPR domains were found to bind indiscriminately to both native and heat denatured substrates in a dose dependent manner. DNAJC3 TPR domains bound to β-galactosidase with greater affinity than malate dehydrogenase (MDH), suggesting that DNAJC3 TPR domains might exhibit substrate specificity that has not been reported before. Preliminary ex vivo analysis of DNAJC3 in mammalian cells showed that induced stress conditions did not alter the cytosolic or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization, or levels of DNAJC3 protein, suggesting that the protein is not stress inducible. However, protein levels of DNAJC3 were dramatically reduced by Hsp90 inhibitor novobiocin at 500 μM. Transient knockdown DNAJC3 did not change the protein levels of either Grp78 or Grp94, but decreased the protein levels of Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein HOP. On the other hand, protein levels of DNAJC3 were increased in HOP depleted cells. In conclusion, this study was the first to experimentally demonstrate that DNAJC3 TPR domains do not interact directly with Hsp90, Hsp70, Grp78 or Grp94, and therefore DNAJC3 is unlikely to participate in traditional co-chaperone interactions with those proteins via its TPR domain. However, the J domain is known to interact with Grp78. The discovery that DNAJC3 TPR domains resemble that of TPR-containing proteins with functions independent of Hsp90 or Hsp70 suggests that DNAJC3 might link the Hsp70/Grp78 chaperone machinery to non co-chaperone related functions, which requires further analysis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Mutsvunguma, Lorraine Zvichapera
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/55874 , vital:26751
- Description: DNAJC3 is a novel member of the DNAJ family with two domains linked to co-chaperone functions, namely the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and J domain. Out of the two domains, the TPR domains are the least characterized. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize and elucidate additional functions of DNAJC3 TPR domains through in silico, in vitro and ex vivo approaches. Through multiple sequence and structural alignment as well as electrostatic potential analysis, DNAJC3 TPR domain were found to be most similar to TPR-containing proteins with Hsp90 or Hsp70 independent functions. In vitro pull down assays illustrated that DNAJC3 TPR domains did not interact with either cytosolic Hsp90 and Hsp70 or Grp78 and Grp94 directly, however a potential indirect interaction with Grp94 and Hsp90 was observed in mammalian lysates, via pull down assays; suggesting the formation of a complex between the proteins mediated by a specific substrate. DNAJC3 TPR domains were found to bind indiscriminately to both native and heat denatured substrates in a dose dependent manner. DNAJC3 TPR domains bound to β-galactosidase with greater affinity than malate dehydrogenase (MDH), suggesting that DNAJC3 TPR domains might exhibit substrate specificity that has not been reported before. Preliminary ex vivo analysis of DNAJC3 in mammalian cells showed that induced stress conditions did not alter the cytosolic or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization, or levels of DNAJC3 protein, suggesting that the protein is not stress inducible. However, protein levels of DNAJC3 were dramatically reduced by Hsp90 inhibitor novobiocin at 500 μM. Transient knockdown DNAJC3 did not change the protein levels of either Grp78 or Grp94, but decreased the protein levels of Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein HOP. On the other hand, protein levels of DNAJC3 were increased in HOP depleted cells. In conclusion, this study was the first to experimentally demonstrate that DNAJC3 TPR domains do not interact directly with Hsp90, Hsp70, Grp78 or Grp94, and therefore DNAJC3 is unlikely to participate in traditional co-chaperone interactions with those proteins via its TPR domain. However, the J domain is known to interact with Grp78. The discovery that DNAJC3 TPR domains resemble that of TPR-containing proteins with functions independent of Hsp90 or Hsp70 suggests that DNAJC3 might link the Hsp70/Grp78 chaperone machinery to non co-chaperone related functions, which requires further analysis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The comparative growth rates of indigenous street and garden trees in Grahamstown, South Africa
- De Lacy, Peter J G, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: De Lacy, Peter J G , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/180943 , vital:43672 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.02.007"
- Description: Urban forestry is advocated worldwide as a means of enhancing the liveability of towns and cities, and mitigating some of the anticipated impacts of climate change. Optimisation of the benefits of trees in urban areas is dependent upon knowledge of tree form, growth, and the products and benefits that trees provide. Growth rates are a vital variable for modelling benefits, yet there is a significant gap in knowledge pertaining to growth rates of trees in urban areas, especially indigenous species in developing world countries. Here we report on growth rates of indigenous street and garden trees in Grahamstown, South Africa, using two approaches; tree ring counts on increment cores and mean rates from trees of known planting age. Growth equations for both street and garden trees were derived. There was no significant difference in mean growth rates determined via the two methods. For both methods street trees grew approximately 30% slower than trees in gardens.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: De Lacy, Peter J G , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/180943 , vital:43672 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.02.007"
- Description: Urban forestry is advocated worldwide as a means of enhancing the liveability of towns and cities, and mitigating some of the anticipated impacts of climate change. Optimisation of the benefits of trees in urban areas is dependent upon knowledge of tree form, growth, and the products and benefits that trees provide. Growth rates are a vital variable for modelling benefits, yet there is a significant gap in knowledge pertaining to growth rates of trees in urban areas, especially indigenous species in developing world countries. Here we report on growth rates of indigenous street and garden trees in Grahamstown, South Africa, using two approaches; tree ring counts on increment cores and mean rates from trees of known planting age. Growth equations for both street and garden trees were derived. There was no significant difference in mean growth rates determined via the two methods. For both methods street trees grew approximately 30% slower than trees in gardens.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The consolidation of forecests with regression models
- Venter, Daniel Jacobus Lodewyk
- Authors: Venter, Daniel Jacobus Lodewyk
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Regression analysis -- Mathematical models , Forecasting -- Mathematical models
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10582 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020964
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to develop a dashboard for the consolidation of multiple forecasts utilising a range of multiple linear regression models. The term dashboard is used to describe with a single word the characteristics of the forecasts consolidation application that was developed to provide the required functionalities via a graphical user interface structured as a series of interlinked screens. Microsoft Excel© was used as the platform to develop the dashboard named ConFoRM (acronym for Consolidate Forecasts with Regression Models). The major steps of the consolidation process incorporated in ConFoRM are: 1. Input historical data. Select appropriate analysis and holdout samples. 3. Specify regression models to be considered as candidates for the final model to be used for the consolidation of forecasts. 4. Perform regression analysis and holdout analysis for each of the models specified in step 3. 5. Perform post-holdout testing to assess the performance of the model with best holdout validation results on out-of-sample data. 6. Consolidate forecasts. Two data transformations are available: the removal of growth and time-periods effect from the time series; a translation of the time series by subtracting ̅i, the mean of all the forecasts for data record i, from the variable being predicted and its related forecasts for each data record I. The pre-defined regression models available for ordinary least square linear regression models (LRM) are: a. A set of k simple LRM’s, one for each of the k forecasts; b. A multiple LRM that includes all the forecasts: c. A multiple LRM that includes all the forecasts and as many of the first-order interactions between the input forecasts as allowed by the sample size and the maximum number of predictors provided by the dashboard with the interactions included in the model to be those with the highest individual correlation with the variable being predicted; d. A multiple LRM that includes as many of the forecasts and first-order interactions between the input forecasts as allowed by the sample size and the maximum number of predictors provided by the dashboard: with the forecasts and interactions included in the model to be those with the highest individual correlation with the variable being predicted; e. A simple LRM with the predictor variable being the mean of the forecasts: f. A set of simple LRM’s with the predictor variable in each case being the weighted mean of the forecasts with different formulas for the weights Also available is an ad hoc user specified model in terms of the forecasts and the predictor variables generated by the dashboard for the pre-defined models. Provision is made in the regression analysis for both of forward entry and backward removal regression. Weighted least squares (WLS) regression can be performed optionally based on the age of forecasts with smaller weight for older forecasts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Venter, Daniel Jacobus Lodewyk
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Regression analysis -- Mathematical models , Forecasting -- Mathematical models
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10582 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020964
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to develop a dashboard for the consolidation of multiple forecasts utilising a range of multiple linear regression models. The term dashboard is used to describe with a single word the characteristics of the forecasts consolidation application that was developed to provide the required functionalities via a graphical user interface structured as a series of interlinked screens. Microsoft Excel© was used as the platform to develop the dashboard named ConFoRM (acronym for Consolidate Forecasts with Regression Models). The major steps of the consolidation process incorporated in ConFoRM are: 1. Input historical data. Select appropriate analysis and holdout samples. 3. Specify regression models to be considered as candidates for the final model to be used for the consolidation of forecasts. 4. Perform regression analysis and holdout analysis for each of the models specified in step 3. 5. Perform post-holdout testing to assess the performance of the model with best holdout validation results on out-of-sample data. 6. Consolidate forecasts. Two data transformations are available: the removal of growth and time-periods effect from the time series; a translation of the time series by subtracting ̅i, the mean of all the forecasts for data record i, from the variable being predicted and its related forecasts for each data record I. The pre-defined regression models available for ordinary least square linear regression models (LRM) are: a. A set of k simple LRM’s, one for each of the k forecasts; b. A multiple LRM that includes all the forecasts: c. A multiple LRM that includes all the forecasts and as many of the first-order interactions between the input forecasts as allowed by the sample size and the maximum number of predictors provided by the dashboard with the interactions included in the model to be those with the highest individual correlation with the variable being predicted; d. A multiple LRM that includes as many of the forecasts and first-order interactions between the input forecasts as allowed by the sample size and the maximum number of predictors provided by the dashboard: with the forecasts and interactions included in the model to be those with the highest individual correlation with the variable being predicted; e. A simple LRM with the predictor variable being the mean of the forecasts: f. A set of simple LRM’s with the predictor variable in each case being the weighted mean of the forecasts with different formulas for the weights Also available is an ad hoc user specified model in terms of the forecasts and the predictor variables generated by the dashboard for the pre-defined models. Provision is made in the regression analysis for both of forward entry and backward removal regression. Weighted least squares (WLS) regression can be performed optionally based on the age of forecasts with smaller weight for older forecasts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The construction of the flexible generalist: a Foucaultian and Althusserian analysis of the basic education system of South Africa
- Authors: Du Plessis, Corne
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Basic education -- Curricula -- South Africa , Education -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8427 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020047
- Description: The aim of this dissertation is to ‘problematize’ the ‘flexible generalist’ - the form of subjectivity allegedly produced by the basic education system of South Africa. According to the South African Qualifications Authority, ‘flexible generalists’ are individuals who possess the necessary skills, knowledge and flexibility to successfully participate in new working environments, thereby sustaining an adaptable workforce and contributing to the national economy. The dissertation will illustrate that this economic viability comes at the cost of critical and relative autonomous thinking, and is therefore not as ‘beneficent’ as the South African Qualifications Authority suggests. Initially, Louis Althusser’s theory regarding the repressive state apparatus and ideological state apparatuses will be employed in order to indicate how the education institution is underpinned by consumer-capitalist ideology. Subsequently, in order to ensure docility, efficiency and obedience within the workforce, the formal education system subjects the learner to various disciplinary discursive practices. By applying Michel Foucault’s theory regarding disciplinary power, this dissertation will illustrate that, through the regimentation of the subject’s time and space, docility is, for the most part, ensured. However, the flexible generalist is not solely produced through disciplinary power, but also through Foucault’s conception of bio-power, which is disseminated through the deployment of sexuality. Disciplinary power and bio-power are both appropriations of pastoral power, since the learner is led to believe that the well-being and care of the ‘self’ is always in the hands of another: specialists in numerous fields who ‘guide’ the individual regarding the ‘correct’ and ‘normal’ conduct in relation to the self and society, thereby stripping the subject of critical and relative autonomous thinking. The dissertation will conclude by suggesting a possible offset to the discursive practices that produce the flexible generalist in the form of ‘philosophy as a way of life’, or philosophia – the love of wisdom. Unlike the current educational discursive practices in South Africa that are underpinned by an ‘ethos of skills’ (resulting in mere economic empowerment), philosophia is based on an ‘ethos of wisdom’ - a comprehension of oneself, others and existence, based on the mastery of the self, and resulting in the ability to apply perceptions, judgements and actions on a contextual basis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Du Plessis, Corne
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Basic education -- Curricula -- South Africa , Education -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: vital:8427 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020047
- Description: The aim of this dissertation is to ‘problematize’ the ‘flexible generalist’ - the form of subjectivity allegedly produced by the basic education system of South Africa. According to the South African Qualifications Authority, ‘flexible generalists’ are individuals who possess the necessary skills, knowledge and flexibility to successfully participate in new working environments, thereby sustaining an adaptable workforce and contributing to the national economy. The dissertation will illustrate that this economic viability comes at the cost of critical and relative autonomous thinking, and is therefore not as ‘beneficent’ as the South African Qualifications Authority suggests. Initially, Louis Althusser’s theory regarding the repressive state apparatus and ideological state apparatuses will be employed in order to indicate how the education institution is underpinned by consumer-capitalist ideology. Subsequently, in order to ensure docility, efficiency and obedience within the workforce, the formal education system subjects the learner to various disciplinary discursive practices. By applying Michel Foucault’s theory regarding disciplinary power, this dissertation will illustrate that, through the regimentation of the subject’s time and space, docility is, for the most part, ensured. However, the flexible generalist is not solely produced through disciplinary power, but also through Foucault’s conception of bio-power, which is disseminated through the deployment of sexuality. Disciplinary power and bio-power are both appropriations of pastoral power, since the learner is led to believe that the well-being and care of the ‘self’ is always in the hands of another: specialists in numerous fields who ‘guide’ the individual regarding the ‘correct’ and ‘normal’ conduct in relation to the self and society, thereby stripping the subject of critical and relative autonomous thinking. The dissertation will conclude by suggesting a possible offset to the discursive practices that produce the flexible generalist in the form of ‘philosophy as a way of life’, or philosophia – the love of wisdom. Unlike the current educational discursive practices in South Africa that are underpinned by an ‘ethos of skills’ (resulting in mere economic empowerment), philosophia is based on an ‘ethos of wisdom’ - a comprehension of oneself, others and existence, based on the mastery of the self, and resulting in the ability to apply perceptions, judgements and actions on a contextual basis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The contribution of housing projects to local economic development: the case of Dunbar, Cator Manor
- Authors: Langa, Sithembiso
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Housing policy -- South Africa -- Cato Manor , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Cato Manor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3175 , vital:20408
- Description: The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of how the provision of housing can influence Local Economic Development. This was done through a study of housing provision in Dunbar, Cato Manor in eThekwini Municipality. While welfare programmes lead to perpetual dependency on government, the study concludes that housing provision linked to Local Economic Development can empower people in an informal economy. This can inform future studies on how the improvement of service delivery can translate into the improvement of the people’s lives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Langa, Sithembiso
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Housing policy -- South Africa -- Cato Manor , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Cato Manor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3175 , vital:20408
- Description: The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of how the provision of housing can influence Local Economic Development. This was done through a study of housing provision in Dunbar, Cato Manor in eThekwini Municipality. While welfare programmes lead to perpetual dependency on government, the study concludes that housing provision linked to Local Economic Development can empower people in an informal economy. This can inform future studies on how the improvement of service delivery can translate into the improvement of the people’s lives.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The contribution of land redistribution to poverty alleviation: the Misgund development project
- Authors: Madyibi, Bukelwa
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Poverty -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Land reform -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/7869 , vital:24317
- Description: The current study aimed at investigating the contribution of land redistribution programme towards poverty alleviation in Misgund development project. The study was conducted in the Eastern Cape Province within Cacadu District at Koukamma Local Municipality in a rural town of Misgund. The study employed qualitative research method, with a sample of ten project beneficiaries who are both men and women. The unstructured interviews were used to collect data for the study and supplemented by scholarly texts, journals articles, policy documents, reports, newspapers and magazines articles. The data was analysed using coding, listing, categorising and content analysis as data analysis methods. After the data was analysed it was interpreted to obtain information to address problems and come up with recommendations. The study revealed the effects that the land redistribution programme has in the lives of the rural people of Misgund, which include amongst others, poverty alleviation, women empowerment and job creation. The involvement of the project beneficiaries in the conception of the project and their participation in decision making is of importance as it contributes to the sustainability of the project. It is recommended that the Department of Land Reform should consider involving the communities when deciding on the choice of the project that will be funded, so as to obtain information and history of the project to be purchased. It is also important to determine the estimated time of harvesting and when the project will start producing dividends so as to sensitise the project beneficiaries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Madyibi, Bukelwa
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Poverty -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Land reform -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/7869 , vital:24317
- Description: The current study aimed at investigating the contribution of land redistribution programme towards poverty alleviation in Misgund development project. The study was conducted in the Eastern Cape Province within Cacadu District at Koukamma Local Municipality in a rural town of Misgund. The study employed qualitative research method, with a sample of ten project beneficiaries who are both men and women. The unstructured interviews were used to collect data for the study and supplemented by scholarly texts, journals articles, policy documents, reports, newspapers and magazines articles. The data was analysed using coding, listing, categorising and content analysis as data analysis methods. After the data was analysed it was interpreted to obtain information to address problems and come up with recommendations. The study revealed the effects that the land redistribution programme has in the lives of the rural people of Misgund, which include amongst others, poverty alleviation, women empowerment and job creation. The involvement of the project beneficiaries in the conception of the project and their participation in decision making is of importance as it contributes to the sustainability of the project. It is recommended that the Department of Land Reform should consider involving the communities when deciding on the choice of the project that will be funded, so as to obtain information and history of the project to be purchased. It is also important to determine the estimated time of harvesting and when the project will start producing dividends so as to sensitise the project beneficiaries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The contribution of the Zamokuhle Ngcweleni project to the poverty alleviation
- Authors: Songelwa, Nkanyiso
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9249 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021176
- Description: Poverty in South Africa is vast. This is an open secret as it manifests itself in so many ways. It is widely known that South Africans are faced with one of poverty indicators, such as unemployment; hence our government is committed to fight poverty in various ways like, poverty alleviation, poverty eradication and poverty reduction programmes. This study looked at poverty of targeted people after Zamokuhle Ngcweleni was implemented. The researcher looked at the project’s contribution on poverty under sustainable livelihood approach with guidance of OECD(1991) criteria of judging the project these being; relevance, effectiveness and sustainability South Africa is committed in this regard with policies and strategies directed to fight poverty, Altman, Hart and Jacobs (2009). In the Constitution of South Africa (Act 1996) section 27 (1) (b)-(c) of this country, poverty is set to be fought, that people must have access to food sustainably through food security strategy. Government, through its departments commits to deliver to mostly affected people, services that deal with poverty reduction. The Department of Social Development is one of the vehicles to get these services to poverty stricken people blamed to history, politics and social ills. It is upon this background the study is done. The community of Ngcweleni with the assistance of the Department of Social Development and Special Programme has assumed this project, the Zamokuhle Ngcweleni with two activities, household gardens and egg production. 30 beneficiaries would sell for income and feed from the produce .This project started in 2010/11 financial year by the sub section, sustainable livelihood in the DOSD, based from the socio economic conditions of Ngcweleni where poverty is one the characteristic. The Zamokuhle Ngcweleni project was randomly chosen by the researcher for this study. The research was based on the aims and objective of the study. The study took place in a natural setting and was descriptive. Interviews, focus groups, documents and household survey were used by the researcher as data collection tools. The study was qualitative. Data was analysed using themes and interpreted thereafter. Participants were the beneficiaries of the Zamokuhle Ngcweleni project and officials of the department. Tables and graphs were used for biographical information to show age, gender, educational and marital status of the beneficiaries; for officials it showed qualification, designation and gender. The researcher gathered that the project has contributed positively to the poverty of the beneficiaries because of its relevance and effectiveness. It made beneficiaries food secure and the impact showed poverty is reduced. The project showed unsustainability and the researcher recommends the needs to investigate this further.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Songelwa, Nkanyiso
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9249 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021176
- Description: Poverty in South Africa is vast. This is an open secret as it manifests itself in so many ways. It is widely known that South Africans are faced with one of poverty indicators, such as unemployment; hence our government is committed to fight poverty in various ways like, poverty alleviation, poverty eradication and poverty reduction programmes. This study looked at poverty of targeted people after Zamokuhle Ngcweleni was implemented. The researcher looked at the project’s contribution on poverty under sustainable livelihood approach with guidance of OECD(1991) criteria of judging the project these being; relevance, effectiveness and sustainability South Africa is committed in this regard with policies and strategies directed to fight poverty, Altman, Hart and Jacobs (2009). In the Constitution of South Africa (Act 1996) section 27 (1) (b)-(c) of this country, poverty is set to be fought, that people must have access to food sustainably through food security strategy. Government, through its departments commits to deliver to mostly affected people, services that deal with poverty reduction. The Department of Social Development is one of the vehicles to get these services to poverty stricken people blamed to history, politics and social ills. It is upon this background the study is done. The community of Ngcweleni with the assistance of the Department of Social Development and Special Programme has assumed this project, the Zamokuhle Ngcweleni with two activities, household gardens and egg production. 30 beneficiaries would sell for income and feed from the produce .This project started in 2010/11 financial year by the sub section, sustainable livelihood in the DOSD, based from the socio economic conditions of Ngcweleni where poverty is one the characteristic. The Zamokuhle Ngcweleni project was randomly chosen by the researcher for this study. The research was based on the aims and objective of the study. The study took place in a natural setting and was descriptive. Interviews, focus groups, documents and household survey were used by the researcher as data collection tools. The study was qualitative. Data was analysed using themes and interpreted thereafter. Participants were the beneficiaries of the Zamokuhle Ngcweleni project and officials of the department. Tables and graphs were used for biographical information to show age, gender, educational and marital status of the beneficiaries; for officials it showed qualification, designation and gender. The researcher gathered that the project has contributed positively to the poverty of the beneficiaries because of its relevance and effectiveness. It made beneficiaries food secure and the impact showed poverty is reduced. The project showed unsustainability and the researcher recommends the needs to investigate this further.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The coordination and extractive chemistry of the later 3d transition metal ions with N, N'-donor imidazole-based ligands
- Authors: Moleko, Pulleng
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Solvent extraction , Coordination compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8382 , vital:26352
- Description: The application of bidentate N,N'-donor ligands, such as 2,2'-biimidazole (BIIMH2) and 2,2'-pyridylimidazole (PIMH) and (1H-benzimidazol-2yl)-N-methylmethanamine (BIMAH), in the solvent extraction of base metal ions from an acidic sulfate/sulfonate medium was investigated. PIMH and BIMAH showed selectivity for Ni(II) with the only interfering ion being Cu(II) in the pH range 1.2-1.8 but BIIMH2 lacked selectivity. The extraction patterns observed were influenced by stereochemical aspects, and this agreed well with the envisaged design of nickel(II)-specific extractants through stereochemical “tailor-making” which is proposed in this study. The extraction patterns were explained from a coordination chemistry point of view using spectroscopic analysis and single crystal X-ray analysis to diagnose the geometry of the complexes formed from the interaction of the base metal ions with the ligands. The formation of the trigonal bipyrimidal [Cu(PIM)2(H2O)](SO4) complex, with a water molecule coordinated, while nickel(II) forms a square planar bisPIMH was put forward as the reason for extraction pattern observed with this ligand. Cobalt(II) also forms a bisPIMH complex but has two water molecules coordinated in the formation of a distorted octahedral complex, and this results in less extractable species. A similar observation as for PIMH was noticed in BIMAH complexation reactions. The BIIMH2 complexes were found to be distorted octahedral, through the bis-coordination of BIIMH2 and two sulfonate ions, resulting in lack of pH-metric separation of the later 3d metal ions. The stability constants data was in agreement with what was observed in the solvent extraction and coordination chemistry studies for the three ligand systems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Moleko, Pulleng
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Solvent extraction , Coordination compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8382 , vital:26352
- Description: The application of bidentate N,N'-donor ligands, such as 2,2'-biimidazole (BIIMH2) and 2,2'-pyridylimidazole (PIMH) and (1H-benzimidazol-2yl)-N-methylmethanamine (BIMAH), in the solvent extraction of base metal ions from an acidic sulfate/sulfonate medium was investigated. PIMH and BIMAH showed selectivity for Ni(II) with the only interfering ion being Cu(II) in the pH range 1.2-1.8 but BIIMH2 lacked selectivity. The extraction patterns observed were influenced by stereochemical aspects, and this agreed well with the envisaged design of nickel(II)-specific extractants through stereochemical “tailor-making” which is proposed in this study. The extraction patterns were explained from a coordination chemistry point of view using spectroscopic analysis and single crystal X-ray analysis to diagnose the geometry of the complexes formed from the interaction of the base metal ions with the ligands. The formation of the trigonal bipyrimidal [Cu(PIM)2(H2O)](SO4) complex, with a water molecule coordinated, while nickel(II) forms a square planar bisPIMH was put forward as the reason for extraction pattern observed with this ligand. Cobalt(II) also forms a bisPIMH complex but has two water molecules coordinated in the formation of a distorted octahedral complex, and this results in less extractable species. A similar observation as for PIMH was noticed in BIMAH complexation reactions. The BIIMH2 complexes were found to be distorted octahedral, through the bis-coordination of BIIMH2 and two sulfonate ions, resulting in lack of pH-metric separation of the later 3d metal ions. The stability constants data was in agreement with what was observed in the solvent extraction and coordination chemistry studies for the three ligand systems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The critical implications of Ubuntu for contemporary management theory
- Mashasha, Tamsanqa Munyaradzi
- Authors: Mashasha, Tamsanqa Munyaradzi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Management -- Africa -- Philosophy , Ubuntu (Philsophy) , Corporate governance -- South Africa , Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2879 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013116
- Description: Since the dissolution of apartheid, corporate governance in South Africa has evolved from being a soft mainly ethical issue to a hard knowledge-based technological issue, recognised as pivotal to the success and revitalisation of the country’s capital markets and, ultimately, the prospects of the corporate economy. These high stakes have produced a succession of measures aimed at transforming corporate governance in the economy. As such, South Africa’s corporate managers are consistently faced with the seemingly unassailable obstacle of discerning and implementing technologically progressive and culturally/racially unbiased management strategies/systems. The focus of this thesis is the latter of these two obstacles. Ubuntu acts as the scope via which the issues embedded within the incumbent management strategies/systems are viewed. Ubuntu philosophy embodies a socio-cultural framework that applies to all individuals and institutions throughout the continent. It embodies collectivism and teamwork, creation of synergies and competitive advantages, humanist leadership styles and maturity, consensus in decision-making systems, effective communication, and community-based corporate social responsibility. Ubuntu is pervasive in almost all parts of Southern African continent – it is integrated into all aspects of day-to-day life throughout the region. This thesis reviews and analyses some of the lessons that can be learned through the inception of African management, more specifically Ubuntu management, within South Africa’s corporate sphere. This thesis aims to prove that there exists a need for a new South African corporate management system, one which is able to harmoniously integrate the incumbent, western-orientated management strategies and systems with one of African origins.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Mashasha, Tamsanqa Munyaradzi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Management -- Africa -- Philosophy , Ubuntu (Philsophy) , Corporate governance -- South Africa , Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2879 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013116
- Description: Since the dissolution of apartheid, corporate governance in South Africa has evolved from being a soft mainly ethical issue to a hard knowledge-based technological issue, recognised as pivotal to the success and revitalisation of the country’s capital markets and, ultimately, the prospects of the corporate economy. These high stakes have produced a succession of measures aimed at transforming corporate governance in the economy. As such, South Africa’s corporate managers are consistently faced with the seemingly unassailable obstacle of discerning and implementing technologically progressive and culturally/racially unbiased management strategies/systems. The focus of this thesis is the latter of these two obstacles. Ubuntu acts as the scope via which the issues embedded within the incumbent management strategies/systems are viewed. Ubuntu philosophy embodies a socio-cultural framework that applies to all individuals and institutions throughout the continent. It embodies collectivism and teamwork, creation of synergies and competitive advantages, humanist leadership styles and maturity, consensus in decision-making systems, effective communication, and community-based corporate social responsibility. Ubuntu is pervasive in almost all parts of Southern African continent – it is integrated into all aspects of day-to-day life throughout the region. This thesis reviews and analyses some of the lessons that can be learned through the inception of African management, more specifically Ubuntu management, within South Africa’s corporate sphere. This thesis aims to prove that there exists a need for a new South African corporate management system, one which is able to harmoniously integrate the incumbent, western-orientated management strategies and systems with one of African origins.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The decline of agricultural production in rural areas of the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mlomzale, Mpilo
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Subsistence farming -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11212 , vital:26896
- Description: This thesis uses the substainable rural livelihoods framework to investigate the agricultural livelihoods of the Cata community of the Eastern Cape. The Cata community is a deeply rural community located on the southern slopes of the Amatole Mountains. Traditional crop production used to be the major source of income for the households in this community. Of late there has been a lesser reliance on production of food by many households. Many are no longer ploughing their fields or their homestead gardens. People from this community are now spending most of their income on purchasing basic food items that they use to produce themselves, such as vegetables. The researcher then decided to study the contemporary livelihood of this rural community so as to identify the reasons why people in Cata are no longer ploughing their fields and gardens. This study found that, rural people in the community are faced with severe obstacles to agricultural production and this has led them to abandon agriculture as a major means of household support. These obstacles include high cost of production inputs, lack of fencing and lack of mechanization tractors and implements. In order to revitalize crop production the people want to be assisted with production inputs, tractor subsides, consistent water supply and fencing of the fields. Finally, the study makes recommendations for the revitalization of crop production in the Cata.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Mlomzale, Mpilo
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Subsistence farming -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agricultural development projects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11212 , vital:26896
- Description: This thesis uses the substainable rural livelihoods framework to investigate the agricultural livelihoods of the Cata community of the Eastern Cape. The Cata community is a deeply rural community located on the southern slopes of the Amatole Mountains. Traditional crop production used to be the major source of income for the households in this community. Of late there has been a lesser reliance on production of food by many households. Many are no longer ploughing their fields or their homestead gardens. People from this community are now spending most of their income on purchasing basic food items that they use to produce themselves, such as vegetables. The researcher then decided to study the contemporary livelihood of this rural community so as to identify the reasons why people in Cata are no longer ploughing their fields and gardens. This study found that, rural people in the community are faced with severe obstacles to agricultural production and this has led them to abandon agriculture as a major means of household support. These obstacles include high cost of production inputs, lack of fencing and lack of mechanization tractors and implements. In order to revitalize crop production the people want to be assisted with production inputs, tractor subsides, consistent water supply and fencing of the fields. Finally, the study makes recommendations for the revitalization of crop production in the Cata.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2014
The delivery of the clothing and textiles curriculum in Zimbabwean universities: towards an integrated approach to vertical and horizontal discourses
- Authors: Muzenda, Verity
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Clothing and dress -- Study and teaching --Zimbabwe , Education -- Curricula -- Zimbabwe , Textile industry -- Study and teaching -- Zimbabwe , Universities and colleges -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: vital:16227 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1019748 , Clothing and dress -- Study and teaching --Zimbabwe , Education -- Curricula -- Zimbabwe , Textile industry -- Study and teaching -- Zimbabwe , Universities and colleges -- Zimbabwe
- Description: The introduction of Technical Vocational Education (TVE) has been marred by a myriad of challenges, and this has not spared universities. The incompetency of lecturers, the perceptions of both lecturers and students, the relationship between universities and the world of work as well as support strategies have been the most contested issues in TVE. The researcher used the mixed method design which is rooted in the post-positivist research paradigm that integrates concurrent procedures in the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data. Post-positivist research paradigm attempts to enhance one’s understanding of the way certain phenomena are and that objectivity is an ideal that can never be achieved. The sample of the study comprised two Heads of Department (HODs) from the universities under study, 18 lecturers for the interviews, 18 lecturers who responded to the questionnaire, 24 students formed the 4 focus groups for both universities with 6 students each. Two industrial personnel were also interviewed. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data while qualitative data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, observations and document analysis. The researcher employed the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) to summarise, compile tables and graphs on quantitative data and qualitative data was analysed using content analysis through emerging themes. The study established that lecturers were not competent enough to deliver CT curriculum in universities and this was as a result of the type of training lecturers received which was no longer congruent with the technological advancement which have taken place in the textile industry. It was also instituted that universities were producing students who lacked the hands-on skills necessary for them to be acceptable in the world of work. There was a stern shortage of equipment and machinery in CT departments in universities. The machinery and equipment in the departments were too old and broken. Furthermore, the study established that there was no collaboration between universities and industries. Industrial personnel lamented that universities were not willing to put into consideration all the suggestions they gave them and that time for Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) or placement was too short for them to impart all the requisite skills to students. It was also established that students were discontented by the teaching methods that lecturers were using and the way they were being assessed. Students conveyed their desire for the industry to be involved in assessing them whilst they were in universities. Based on the above findings, the study concluded that lecturers were incapacitated to deliver CT due to the training they received in colleges and universities which was no longer congruent with the dynamics of technology. The study also concluded that the shortage of machinery and equipment also demotivated lecturers and incapacitated them. It was also concluded that the lack of collaboration between universities and industries posed serious challenges to both lecturers and students. The study recommends that the quality of the existing lecturing force must be improved mainly through extensive staff development training programmes.There is need for lecturers to be staff developed through training workshops in order to improve on competence. There should be collaboration among University management, lecturers and the industry during curriculum design, implementation and monitoring to improve their attachment and sense of ownership of CT programmes. To improve on students’ acquisition of skills, the study recommends that time for Work-Integrated Learning should be lengthened so that students leave the industry well equipped with relevant skills and knowledge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Muzenda, Verity
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Clothing and dress -- Study and teaching --Zimbabwe , Education -- Curricula -- Zimbabwe , Textile industry -- Study and teaching -- Zimbabwe , Universities and colleges -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: vital:16227 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1019748 , Clothing and dress -- Study and teaching --Zimbabwe , Education -- Curricula -- Zimbabwe , Textile industry -- Study and teaching -- Zimbabwe , Universities and colleges -- Zimbabwe
- Description: The introduction of Technical Vocational Education (TVE) has been marred by a myriad of challenges, and this has not spared universities. The incompetency of lecturers, the perceptions of both lecturers and students, the relationship between universities and the world of work as well as support strategies have been the most contested issues in TVE. The researcher used the mixed method design which is rooted in the post-positivist research paradigm that integrates concurrent procedures in the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data. Post-positivist research paradigm attempts to enhance one’s understanding of the way certain phenomena are and that objectivity is an ideal that can never be achieved. The sample of the study comprised two Heads of Department (HODs) from the universities under study, 18 lecturers for the interviews, 18 lecturers who responded to the questionnaire, 24 students formed the 4 focus groups for both universities with 6 students each. Two industrial personnel were also interviewed. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data while qualitative data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, observations and document analysis. The researcher employed the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) to summarise, compile tables and graphs on quantitative data and qualitative data was analysed using content analysis through emerging themes. The study established that lecturers were not competent enough to deliver CT curriculum in universities and this was as a result of the type of training lecturers received which was no longer congruent with the technological advancement which have taken place in the textile industry. It was also instituted that universities were producing students who lacked the hands-on skills necessary for them to be acceptable in the world of work. There was a stern shortage of equipment and machinery in CT departments in universities. The machinery and equipment in the departments were too old and broken. Furthermore, the study established that there was no collaboration between universities and industries. Industrial personnel lamented that universities were not willing to put into consideration all the suggestions they gave them and that time for Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) or placement was too short for them to impart all the requisite skills to students. It was also established that students were discontented by the teaching methods that lecturers were using and the way they were being assessed. Students conveyed their desire for the industry to be involved in assessing them whilst they were in universities. Based on the above findings, the study concluded that lecturers were incapacitated to deliver CT due to the training they received in colleges and universities which was no longer congruent with the dynamics of technology. The study also concluded that the shortage of machinery and equipment also demotivated lecturers and incapacitated them. It was also concluded that the lack of collaboration between universities and industries posed serious challenges to both lecturers and students. The study recommends that the quality of the existing lecturing force must be improved mainly through extensive staff development training programmes.There is need for lecturers to be staff developed through training workshops in order to improve on competence. There should be collaboration among University management, lecturers and the industry during curriculum design, implementation and monitoring to improve their attachment and sense of ownership of CT programmes. To improve on students’ acquisition of skills, the study recommends that time for Work-Integrated Learning should be lengthened so that students leave the industry well equipped with relevant skills and knowledge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The demography, spatial ecology and reproductive success of the black rhinoceros, Diceros bicornis, in Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
- Authors: Nhleko, Zoliswa Nombulelo
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (South Africa) , Black rhinoceros -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Animal populations -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Spatial ecology -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Black rhinoceros -- Reproduction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5849 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011825 , Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (South Africa) , Black rhinoceros -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Animal populations -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Spatial ecology -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Black rhinoceros -- Reproduction
- Description: Black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis) are endangered; there are only ~5000 individuals remaining worldwide. Consequently, black rhinos are managed as a metapopulation in southern Africa. This means that even though several sub-populations of black rhinos are geographically separated, they are managed as a single population. This is achieved by interchanging genetic material between the sub-populations. The main aim of the metapopulation management approach is to increase black rhino numbers in the sub-region. The Rhino Management Group (RMG), formed in 1989, was tasked with setting scientifically defensible demographic targets for the remaining black rhino sub-populations in southern Africa. In the same year, the RMG set fecundity rate at 25% and stated that each black rhino sub-population should achieve a minimum growth rate of 5% per year. The black rhino population in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (HiP), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is of international importance as it has historically been a significant donor population for the translocation of black rhinos to establish new subpopulations elsewhere in the sub-region. However, the black rhino population at HiP is performing poorly in terms of reproductive success. My study was initiated to assess the reproductive life-histories of the black rhino population at HiP and to determine whether the population was meeting the demographic targets set by the RMG. I also wished to assess the use of space by black rhinos in HiP as a potential explanation for the observed reproductive output. Detailed life-history information for known black rhinos (n = 120) was used to investigate reproductive success between 1998 and 2012. The mean age at sexual maturity (ASM) was determined as 12 years, which is higher than the ASM found in black rhino populations that are considered to be performing poorly (ASM = ~ 7 years). The intercalving interval (ICI) was three years, nine months; this was also longer than the ICI of most black rhino populations. Further, the 2012 black rhino population at HiP had a growth rate of 6.4%, and the population comprised 60% adults, 23% sub-adults and 13% juveniles. Such demographics are usually observed in stable populations and it is possible that poor habitat quality could be resulting in the delayed ASM and longer ICI’s at HiP. In addition, 5% of the population is removed annually as part of the Black Rhino Range Expansion Program (BRREP) to establish new sub-populations. This could also be negatively influencing the reproductive performance of the HiP population. To determine the home range and habitat use of black rhinos at HiP, field data from 13 individual adult black rhinos (n = 9 females and 4 males) over a two-year period (2011-2012) were analyzed. Black rhino female home ranges were slightly smaller (15.4 ± 12.9 km²) than the home ranges of males (23.3 ±14.0 km²) and both sexes utilized similar habitats in the centre of the park. In addition, both the male and female black rhinos were found closer to rivers and drainage lines than expected. However, the assessment of black rhino space use in HiP was limited by a small sample size, making inferences of the impact of space use on reproductive success difficult. Nevertheless, my study suggests that food availability likely influences the location and sizes of black rhino home ranges at HiP. I believe that my study forms the first step in understanding the factors that influence the reproductive success and habitat use patterns of the current black rhino population at HiP. The information produced by my study should enable park management to identify future research to be conducted at HiP, which will yield more robust data for making informed black rhino management decisions at HiP and elsewhere.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Nhleko, Zoliswa Nombulelo
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (South Africa) , Black rhinoceros -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Animal populations -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Spatial ecology -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Black rhinoceros -- Reproduction
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5849 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011825 , Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (South Africa) , Black rhinoceros -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Animal populations -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Spatial ecology -- South Africa -- Hluhluwe , Black rhinoceros -- Reproduction
- Description: Black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis) are endangered; there are only ~5000 individuals remaining worldwide. Consequently, black rhinos are managed as a metapopulation in southern Africa. This means that even though several sub-populations of black rhinos are geographically separated, they are managed as a single population. This is achieved by interchanging genetic material between the sub-populations. The main aim of the metapopulation management approach is to increase black rhino numbers in the sub-region. The Rhino Management Group (RMG), formed in 1989, was tasked with setting scientifically defensible demographic targets for the remaining black rhino sub-populations in southern Africa. In the same year, the RMG set fecundity rate at 25% and stated that each black rhino sub-population should achieve a minimum growth rate of 5% per year. The black rhino population in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park (HiP), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is of international importance as it has historically been a significant donor population for the translocation of black rhinos to establish new subpopulations elsewhere in the sub-region. However, the black rhino population at HiP is performing poorly in terms of reproductive success. My study was initiated to assess the reproductive life-histories of the black rhino population at HiP and to determine whether the population was meeting the demographic targets set by the RMG. I also wished to assess the use of space by black rhinos in HiP as a potential explanation for the observed reproductive output. Detailed life-history information for known black rhinos (n = 120) was used to investigate reproductive success between 1998 and 2012. The mean age at sexual maturity (ASM) was determined as 12 years, which is higher than the ASM found in black rhino populations that are considered to be performing poorly (ASM = ~ 7 years). The intercalving interval (ICI) was three years, nine months; this was also longer than the ICI of most black rhino populations. Further, the 2012 black rhino population at HiP had a growth rate of 6.4%, and the population comprised 60% adults, 23% sub-adults and 13% juveniles. Such demographics are usually observed in stable populations and it is possible that poor habitat quality could be resulting in the delayed ASM and longer ICI’s at HiP. In addition, 5% of the population is removed annually as part of the Black Rhino Range Expansion Program (BRREP) to establish new sub-populations. This could also be negatively influencing the reproductive performance of the HiP population. To determine the home range and habitat use of black rhinos at HiP, field data from 13 individual adult black rhinos (n = 9 females and 4 males) over a two-year period (2011-2012) were analyzed. Black rhino female home ranges were slightly smaller (15.4 ± 12.9 km²) than the home ranges of males (23.3 ±14.0 km²) and both sexes utilized similar habitats in the centre of the park. In addition, both the male and female black rhinos were found closer to rivers and drainage lines than expected. However, the assessment of black rhino space use in HiP was limited by a small sample size, making inferences of the impact of space use on reproductive success difficult. Nevertheless, my study suggests that food availability likely influences the location and sizes of black rhino home ranges at HiP. I believe that my study forms the first step in understanding the factors that influence the reproductive success and habitat use patterns of the current black rhino population at HiP. The information produced by my study should enable park management to identify future research to be conducted at HiP, which will yield more robust data for making informed black rhino management decisions at HiP and elsewhere.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The design of a church complex in Port Elizabeth: a sacred place for community
- Authors: Wright, Matthew Stewart
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Church buildings -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Designs and plans , Church buildings -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MArch
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39054 , vital:35027
- Description: This treatise is concerned with the design of a church complex in Port Elizabeth. Its departure point stems from the author’s interest in contemporary church architecture and the concerns for its typology in the context of Port Elizabeth. The research begins with an investigation into the nature of church architecture, where the underlying principles relating to its diagram and expression are identified. These principles are then explored with the aim of understanding their nature and deriving some initial conclusions for the design. Following this, the principles are used to discuss and scrutinize identified precedents, which lead to further design conclusions. During this investigation, some preliminary spaces are pinpointed from these precedents. These are used, in conjunction with additional spaces found in a further study, to develop the programme for the building. Here, the components, the users, the spaces and the final accommodation schedule for the design are discussed. Following the research, the physical context for which the design is positioned is examined. Here, the criteria for the site are set up from the research findings, which lead to the selection of the site, and both the precinct and the actual site are analysed. From this, the various resultant constraints and informants are used to provide an urban framework, within which the design is to be positioned. To conclude, the final design can be described as a multifunctional church complex that expresses itself humbly within a natural forested setting in the heart of the community of Walmer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Wright, Matthew Stewart
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Church buildings -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Designs and plans , Church buildings -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MArch
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39054 , vital:35027
- Description: This treatise is concerned with the design of a church complex in Port Elizabeth. Its departure point stems from the author’s interest in contemporary church architecture and the concerns for its typology in the context of Port Elizabeth. The research begins with an investigation into the nature of church architecture, where the underlying principles relating to its diagram and expression are identified. These principles are then explored with the aim of understanding their nature and deriving some initial conclusions for the design. Following this, the principles are used to discuss and scrutinize identified precedents, which lead to further design conclusions. During this investigation, some preliminary spaces are pinpointed from these precedents. These are used, in conjunction with additional spaces found in a further study, to develop the programme for the building. Here, the components, the users, the spaces and the final accommodation schedule for the design are discussed. Following the research, the physical context for which the design is positioned is examined. Here, the criteria for the site are set up from the research findings, which lead to the selection of the site, and both the precinct and the actual site are analysed. From this, the various resultant constraints and informants are used to provide an urban framework, within which the design is to be positioned. To conclude, the final design can be described as a multifunctional church complex that expresses itself humbly within a natural forested setting in the heart of the community of Walmer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The design of an aquaculture facility on the Keiskamma River at Hamburg, Province of the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Scholtz, Jeanne
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Aquaculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MArch
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5280 , vital:20836
- Description: This dissertation addresses the nature and potential of an intrusive architectural typology in a sensitive river estuary environment through an understanding of the functional design principles of an Aquaculture plant. Furthermore the research engages with cultural, historical and sociological objectives to celebrate the historical landscape. Hamburg is caught between its value as a historic wilderness and it's need to establish and maintain an economy to alleviate poverty. The project is conceived as a provocation and speculation on how these two demands may be hybridized as an alternative to the typical conservationist practices applied. Proposing a type of hybrid ecology where industry and endemic wildlife can not only co-exist but also be mutually beneficial.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Scholtz, Jeanne
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Aquaculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MArch
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5280 , vital:20836
- Description: This dissertation addresses the nature and potential of an intrusive architectural typology in a sensitive river estuary environment through an understanding of the functional design principles of an Aquaculture plant. Furthermore the research engages with cultural, historical and sociological objectives to celebrate the historical landscape. Hamburg is caught between its value as a historic wilderness and it's need to establish and maintain an economy to alleviate poverty. The project is conceived as a provocation and speculation on how these two demands may be hybridized as an alternative to the typical conservationist practices applied. Proposing a type of hybrid ecology where industry and endemic wildlife can not only co-exist but also be mutually beneficial.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The design of quantum dots and their conjugates as luminescent probes for analyte sensing
- Authors: Adegoke, Oluwasesan
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Quantum dots Anolytes Luminescent probes Luminescence spectroscopy Phthalocyanines Nanoparticles
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4457 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010866
- Description: The design and applications of quantum dots (QDs) as fluorescent probes for analyte sensing is presented. Cadmium based thiol-capped QDs were employed as probe for the detection of analytes. Comparative studies between core CdTe and core-shell CdTe@ZnS QDs showed that the overall sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor was dependent on the nature of the capping agent and the QDs employed, hence making CdTe@ZnS QDs a more superior sensor than the core. To explore the luminescent sensing of QDs based on the fluorescence “turn ON” mode, L-glutathione-capped CdTe QDs was conjugated to 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxide (4AT) to form a QDs-4AT conjugate system. The QDs-4AT nanoprobe was highly selective and sensitive to the detection of bromide ion with a very low limit of detection. Subsequently, metallo-phthalocyanines (MPcs) were employed as host molecules on the surface of QDs based on the covalent linking of the QDs to the MPc. Elucidation of the reaction mechanism showed that the fluorescence “turn ON” effect of the QDs-MPc probe in the presence of the analyte was due to axial ligation of the analytes to the Pc ring. Studies showed that the type of substituent attached to the MPc ring influenced the overall sensitivity of the probe. Additionally, a comparative investigation using newly synthesized phthalocyanine and triaza-benzcorrole complexes was conducted when these complexes were conjugated to CdSe@ZnS QDs for analyte sensing. Results showed that the triaza-benzcorrole complex can be employed as a host-molecule sensor but displayed a lower sensitivity for analyte sensing in comparison to the phthalocyanine complex.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Adegoke, Oluwasesan
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Quantum dots Anolytes Luminescent probes Luminescence spectroscopy Phthalocyanines Nanoparticles
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4457 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010866
- Description: The design and applications of quantum dots (QDs) as fluorescent probes for analyte sensing is presented. Cadmium based thiol-capped QDs were employed as probe for the detection of analytes. Comparative studies between core CdTe and core-shell CdTe@ZnS QDs showed that the overall sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor was dependent on the nature of the capping agent and the QDs employed, hence making CdTe@ZnS QDs a more superior sensor than the core. To explore the luminescent sensing of QDs based on the fluorescence “turn ON” mode, L-glutathione-capped CdTe QDs was conjugated to 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxide (4AT) to form a QDs-4AT conjugate system. The QDs-4AT nanoprobe was highly selective and sensitive to the detection of bromide ion with a very low limit of detection. Subsequently, metallo-phthalocyanines (MPcs) were employed as host molecules on the surface of QDs based on the covalent linking of the QDs to the MPc. Elucidation of the reaction mechanism showed that the fluorescence “turn ON” effect of the QDs-MPc probe in the presence of the analyte was due to axial ligation of the analytes to the Pc ring. Studies showed that the type of substituent attached to the MPc ring influenced the overall sensitivity of the probe. Additionally, a comparative investigation using newly synthesized phthalocyanine and triaza-benzcorrole complexes was conducted when these complexes were conjugated to CdSe@ZnS QDs for analyte sensing. Results showed that the triaza-benzcorrole complex can be employed as a host-molecule sensor but displayed a lower sensitivity for analyte sensing in comparison to the phthalocyanine complex.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The determination of compensation in unfair dismissal cases
- Authors: Dayimani, Vuyisile
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , Employees -- Dismissal of -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Workers' compensation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:10275 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020775
- Description: The LRA 66 of 1995 was established to give effect to section 23(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, which guarantees that everyone has a right to fair labour practices. Amongst others, the purpose of the LRA is to advance economic development, labour peace and the effective resolution of labour disputes. At common law termination of employment was occasioned by the conduct of the employer or employee, in terms of which either party may terminate an employment contract by giving agreed notice or reasonable notice. The LRA broadened the common law concept of “repudiation” of a contract of employment in terms of which section 186 of the LRA now defines the term “dismissal” to mean various possible instances that can be caused by the employer or employee. Furthermore, section 185 of the same Act clearly states that a dismissal can be found to be unfair and makes provision for redress to an employee who would be aggrieved by a dismissal. Compensation is one of the remedies that can be awarded to an employee who is found to have been unfairly dismissed. Unlike the LRA of 1956 which gave the courts an unfettered discretion regarding the compensation that could be awarded, section 194 of the current LRA places a limit on the compensation amount that can be awarded. A decision hereon is determined with reference to whether the dismissal is found to have been procedurally, substantively unfair or both. The Act further requires that the compensation must be just and equitable. A challenge in applying section 194 of the Act in this regard is that there would be vast inconsistencies in terms of the amount of compensation to be awarded and that certain presiding officers could consider different approaches in considering factors to be determined when deciding on compensation. In many other instances compensation for unfair dismissal would be decided around the idea of solely punishing the employer. This research document is mainly concerned with identifying the said challenges through case law by considering the decisions of the commissioners and judges in interpreting the old and current provisions of section 194 of the Act. The old section 194 of the Act created a formula to be followed by presiding officers when making a determination on the compensation awarded. The interpretation of the section and its formula brought with it its own complications. The amended section 194 on the other hand, conferred a discretion on presiding officers to award compensation within the caps of 12 months and 24 months for procedurally and substantively unfair dismissal respectively, for as long as the compensation would be just and equitable in all circumstances. Relevant case law and the opinions of labour law experts have been of great assistance in interpreting the current section 194. The factors do not constitute an exhaustive list. They are a mere guideline to presiding officers so as to eliminate or minimize inconsistencies in awarding compensation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Dayimani, Vuyisile
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Unfair labor practices -- South Africa , Employees -- Dismissal of -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Workers' compensation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: vital:10275 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020775
- Description: The LRA 66 of 1995 was established to give effect to section 23(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, which guarantees that everyone has a right to fair labour practices. Amongst others, the purpose of the LRA is to advance economic development, labour peace and the effective resolution of labour disputes. At common law termination of employment was occasioned by the conduct of the employer or employee, in terms of which either party may terminate an employment contract by giving agreed notice or reasonable notice. The LRA broadened the common law concept of “repudiation” of a contract of employment in terms of which section 186 of the LRA now defines the term “dismissal” to mean various possible instances that can be caused by the employer or employee. Furthermore, section 185 of the same Act clearly states that a dismissal can be found to be unfair and makes provision for redress to an employee who would be aggrieved by a dismissal. Compensation is one of the remedies that can be awarded to an employee who is found to have been unfairly dismissed. Unlike the LRA of 1956 which gave the courts an unfettered discretion regarding the compensation that could be awarded, section 194 of the current LRA places a limit on the compensation amount that can be awarded. A decision hereon is determined with reference to whether the dismissal is found to have been procedurally, substantively unfair or both. The Act further requires that the compensation must be just and equitable. A challenge in applying section 194 of the Act in this regard is that there would be vast inconsistencies in terms of the amount of compensation to be awarded and that certain presiding officers could consider different approaches in considering factors to be determined when deciding on compensation. In many other instances compensation for unfair dismissal would be decided around the idea of solely punishing the employer. This research document is mainly concerned with identifying the said challenges through case law by considering the decisions of the commissioners and judges in interpreting the old and current provisions of section 194 of the Act. The old section 194 of the Act created a formula to be followed by presiding officers when making a determination on the compensation awarded. The interpretation of the section and its formula brought with it its own complications. The amended section 194 on the other hand, conferred a discretion on presiding officers to award compensation within the caps of 12 months and 24 months for procedurally and substantively unfair dismissal respectively, for as long as the compensation would be just and equitable in all circumstances. Relevant case law and the opinions of labour law experts have been of great assistance in interpreting the current section 194. The factors do not constitute an exhaustive list. They are a mere guideline to presiding officers so as to eliminate or minimize inconsistencies in awarding compensation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The development and implementation of a mental toughness training programme for cricketers
- Authors: McInerney, Michael
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Sports -- Psychological aspects , Athletes -- Conduct of life , Mental discipline , Achievement motivation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013155
- Description: The professional turn in sports has prompted the search for explanations beyond the physical when discussing quality of performance. Mental Toughness has been recognised as one of the most important psychological attributes in achieving performance excellence across multiple sport settings. Yet, despite this, little research has been conducted into mental toughness development. This research seeks to answer the question: What insights can the development and implementation of a mental toughness programme for a semi-professional South African cricket team provide regarding Mental Toughness development? Based on a theoretical framework of mental toughness in cricket, a programme was developed in collaboration with the Border Cricket Team and Coaches. Incorporating elements that focussed on education, environment, awareness and mental skills, the programme was implemented in both individual and group settings during the off- and pre-seasons. An analysis of the participants’ experiences identified the need for a theoretical understanding of mental toughness within teams, facilitating the design of interventions that integrate the team and the individual. Future programmes should include measures of mastery, and individually customised approaches to mental toughness enhancement that acknowledge the potential contextual and individual variation in mental toughness.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: McInerney, Michael
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Sports -- Psychological aspects , Athletes -- Conduct of life , Mental discipline , Achievement motivation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3234 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013155
- Description: The professional turn in sports has prompted the search for explanations beyond the physical when discussing quality of performance. Mental Toughness has been recognised as one of the most important psychological attributes in achieving performance excellence across multiple sport settings. Yet, despite this, little research has been conducted into mental toughness development. This research seeks to answer the question: What insights can the development and implementation of a mental toughness programme for a semi-professional South African cricket team provide regarding Mental Toughness development? Based on a theoretical framework of mental toughness in cricket, a programme was developed in collaboration with the Border Cricket Team and Coaches. Incorporating elements that focussed on education, environment, awareness and mental skills, the programme was implemented in both individual and group settings during the off- and pre-seasons. An analysis of the participants’ experiences identified the need for a theoretical understanding of mental toughness within teams, facilitating the design of interventions that integrate the team and the individual. Future programmes should include measures of mastery, and individually customised approaches to mental toughness enhancement that acknowledge the potential contextual and individual variation in mental toughness.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The development of a financing model for agricultural production in South Africa
- Authors: Oberholster, Jacobus Hoon
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Agriculture -- South Africa -- Finance , Agricultural productivity -- South Africa , Agricultural industries -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3041 , vital:20389
- Description: The world agricultural industry, despite numerous supply and demand challenges, has to significantly increase its production capacity to satisfy the increased demand for food and successfully address the issues surrounding food security. Access to credit is however a key enabler in this regard, while a lack of it limits the adaptive capacity of agricultural producers. The financing needs of agricultural producers however vary and are influenced by the different production systems which have different investment, revenue and risk patterns. The sector is unique in that the risk and uncertainty in agriculture are increased by the nature of agricultural production systems, which is in many cases driven by unpredictable external factors such as adverse weather conditions. In addition agricultural production systems also function within the total food system which consists of a number of interrelated subsystems, each presenting agricultural producers with a unique set of risk factors that need to be taken into account. The development of new and innovative financing solutions for the sector therefore requires a thorough understanding of the multidimensional nature of agriculture and the unique characteristics of the sector. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the development of new and innovative financing solutions for the agricultural sector in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Oberholster, Jacobus Hoon
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Agriculture -- South Africa -- Finance , Agricultural productivity -- South Africa , Agricultural industries -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3041 , vital:20389
- Description: The world agricultural industry, despite numerous supply and demand challenges, has to significantly increase its production capacity to satisfy the increased demand for food and successfully address the issues surrounding food security. Access to credit is however a key enabler in this regard, while a lack of it limits the adaptive capacity of agricultural producers. The financing needs of agricultural producers however vary and are influenced by the different production systems which have different investment, revenue and risk patterns. The sector is unique in that the risk and uncertainty in agriculture are increased by the nature of agricultural production systems, which is in many cases driven by unpredictable external factors such as adverse weather conditions. In addition agricultural production systems also function within the total food system which consists of a number of interrelated subsystems, each presenting agricultural producers with a unique set of risk factors that need to be taken into account. The development of new and innovative financing solutions for the sector therefore requires a thorough understanding of the multidimensional nature of agriculture and the unique characteristics of the sector. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the development of new and innovative financing solutions for the agricultural sector in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014