Epidemiology of the Acceptance of Anti COVID-19 Vaccine in Urban and Rural Settings in Cameroon
- Djuikoue, Ingrid Cecile, Wouambo, Kamga Rodrigue, Pahane, Mbiada Majeste, Fenkenge, Demanou Blaise, Nana, Seugnou Cedric, Nzenya, Djamfa Joelle, Kamgne, Fotso Flore, Toutcho, Ngalani Cedric, Pokam, Thumamo D Benjamin, Apalata, Teke
- Authors: Djuikoue, Ingrid Cecile , Wouambo, Kamga Rodrigue , Pahane, Mbiada Majeste , Fenkenge, Demanou Blaise , Nana, Seugnou Cedric , Nzenya, Djamfa Joelle , Kamgne, Fotso Flore , Toutcho, Ngalani Cedric , Pokam, Thumamo D Benjamin , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: Vaccination , Acceptance , COVID-19 , Epidemiology , Cameroon , Urban area , Rural area
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13648 , vital:78966 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030625
- Description: The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly evolved in December 2019 and to prevent its spread, effective vaccines were produced and made available to the population. Despite their availability so far in Cameroon, the vaccination coverage remains low. This study aimed at describing the epidemiology of the acceptance of vaccines against COVID-19 in some urban and rural areas of Cameroon. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical survey was conducted from March 2021 to August 2021 targeting unvaccinated individuals from urban and rural area. After receiving appropriate administrative authorizations and an ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of Douala University (N◦ 3070CEI-Udo/05/2022/M), a cluster sam pling at many degrees was performed and a language-adapted questionnaire was completed by each consenting participant. Data were analyzed using Epi info version 7.2.2.6 software and for p-values...
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Djuikoue, Ingrid Cecile , Wouambo, Kamga Rodrigue , Pahane, Mbiada Majeste , Fenkenge, Demanou Blaise , Nana, Seugnou Cedric , Nzenya, Djamfa Joelle , Kamgne, Fotso Flore , Toutcho, Ngalani Cedric , Pokam, Thumamo D Benjamin , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: Vaccination , Acceptance , COVID-19 , Epidemiology , Cameroon , Urban area , Rural area
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13648 , vital:78966 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030625
- Description: The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly evolved in December 2019 and to prevent its spread, effective vaccines were produced and made available to the population. Despite their availability so far in Cameroon, the vaccination coverage remains low. This study aimed at describing the epidemiology of the acceptance of vaccines against COVID-19 in some urban and rural areas of Cameroon. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical survey was conducted from March 2021 to August 2021 targeting unvaccinated individuals from urban and rural area. After receiving appropriate administrative authorizations and an ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of Douala University (N◦ 3070CEI-Udo/05/2022/M), a cluster sam pling at many degrees was performed and a language-adapted questionnaire was completed by each consenting participant. Data were analyzed using Epi info version 7.2.2.6 software and for p-values...
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- Date Issued: 2023
Prolongation of Acid-Fast Bacilli Sputum Smear Positivity in Patients with Multidrug Pulmonary Tuberculosis
- Mvo, Sidwell, Bokop, Carine, Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin, Vasaikar, D Sandeep, Apalata, Teke
- Authors: Mvo, Sidwell , Bokop, Carine , Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin , Vasaikar, D Sandeep , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: MDR-TB , HIV status , Time to sputum microscopy conversion , Smear positivity
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13621 , vital:78968 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091133
- Description: The study sought to determine factors associated with prolonged smear positivity in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients following appropriate management. Newly diagnosed patients were enrolled between June 2017 and May 2018. Sputum samples were collected for Xpert® MTB/RIF and line probe assays (LiPAs). Microscopic tests were performed at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-anti-TB therapy. Of the 200 patients, 114 (57%) were HIV-positive. After 12 weeks of treatment, there was a significant microscopy conversion rate among DS-TB patients compared to MDR-TB patients irrespective of their HIV status (p = 0.0013). All MDR-TB patients who had a baseline smear grade ranging from scanty to +1 converted negative, while 25% ranging from +2 to +3 remained positive until the end of 12 weeks (p = 0.014)…
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- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Mvo, Sidwell , Bokop, Carine , Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin , Vasaikar, D Sandeep , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: MDR-TB , HIV status , Time to sputum microscopy conversion , Smear positivity
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13621 , vital:78968 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091133
- Description: The study sought to determine factors associated with prolonged smear positivity in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients following appropriate management. Newly diagnosed patients were enrolled between June 2017 and May 2018. Sputum samples were collected for Xpert® MTB/RIF and line probe assays (LiPAs). Microscopic tests were performed at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-anti-TB therapy. Of the 200 patients, 114 (57%) were HIV-positive. After 12 weeks of treatment, there was a significant microscopy conversion rate among DS-TB patients compared to MDR-TB patients irrespective of their HIV status (p = 0.0013). All MDR-TB patients who had a baseline smear grade ranging from scanty to +1 converted negative, while 25% ranging from +2 to +3 remained positive until the end of 12 weeks (p = 0.014)…
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- Date Issued: 2023
Spatial Distribution of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
- Faye, M Lindiwe, Hosu, C Mojisola, Vasaikar, Sandeep, Dippenaar, Anzaan, Oostvogels, Selien, Warren, M Rob, Apalata, Teke
- Authors: Faye, M Lindiwe , Hosu, C Mojisola , Vasaikar, Sandeep , Dippenaar, Anzaan , Oostvogels, Selien , Warren, M Rob , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: Tuberculosis , Spatial analysis , Mutations , Spoligotypes , Heteroresistance
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13642 , vital:78969 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030475
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a serious public health threat reported as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. South Africa is a high-TB-burden country with TB being the highest infectious disease killer. This study investigated the distribution of Mtb mutations and spoligotypes in rural Eastern Cape Province. The Mtb isolates included were 1157 from DR-TB patients and analysed by LPA followed by spoligotyping of 441 isolates. The distribution of mutations and spoligotypes was done by spatial analysis. The rpoB gene had the highest number of mutations. The distribution of rpoB and katG mutations was more prevalent in four healthcare facilities, inhA mutations were more prevalent in three healthcare facilities, and heteroresistant isolates were more prevalent in five healthcare facilities. The Mtb was genetically diverse with Beijing more prevalent and largely distributed. Spatial analysis and mapping of gene mutations and spoligotypes revealed a better picture of distribution.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Faye, M Lindiwe , Hosu, C Mojisola , Vasaikar, Sandeep , Dippenaar, Anzaan , Oostvogels, Selien , Warren, M Rob , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: Tuberculosis , Spatial analysis , Mutations , Spoligotypes , Heteroresistance
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13642 , vital:78969 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12030475
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a serious public health threat reported as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. South Africa is a high-TB-burden country with TB being the highest infectious disease killer. This study investigated the distribution of Mtb mutations and spoligotypes in rural Eastern Cape Province. The Mtb isolates included were 1157 from DR-TB patients and analysed by LPA followed by spoligotyping of 441 isolates. The distribution of mutations and spoligotypes was done by spatial analysis. The rpoB gene had the highest number of mutations. The distribution of rpoB and katG mutations was more prevalent in four healthcare facilities, inhA mutations were more prevalent in three healthcare facilities, and heteroresistant isolates were more prevalent in five healthcare facilities. The Mtb was genetically diverse with Beijing more prevalent and largely distributed. Spatial analysis and mapping of gene mutations and spoligotypes revealed a better picture of distribution.
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- Date Issued: 2023
Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors among Tuberculosis Patients from Selected Rural Eastern Cape Hospitals: An Ambidirectional Study
- Faye, M Lindiwe, Hosu, C Mojisola, Iruedo, Joshua, Nokoyo, A Kolisa, Tsuro, Urgent, Apalata, Teke
- Authors: Faye, M Lindiwe , Hosu, C Mojisola , Iruedo, Joshua , Nokoyo, A Kolisa , Tsuro, Urgent , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: Treatment outcomes , DR-TB, MDR-TB, TB-HIV , Co-infection , Treatment success rate
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13637 , vital:78967 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8060315
- Description: An essential metric for determining the efficacy of tuberculosis (TB) control programs is the evaluation of TB treatment outcomes; this study was conducted to investigate treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in rural areas of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Assessing treatment outcomes is fundamental to facilitating the End TB Strategy’s set target. Clinic records from 457 patients with DR-TB were examined for data collection while 101 patients were followed up prospectively. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17.0. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated to check the association between variables. p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the 427 participants, 65.8% had successful treatment whilst 34.2% had unsuccessful TB treatment. A total of 61.2% and 39% of the HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants had a successful TB treatment whilst 66% and 34% of both HIV-negative and positive participants had unsuccessful TB treatment. From the 101 patients that were followed up, smokers took longer to have treatment outcomes compared to non-smokers. In the study with HIV/TB co-infection, men predominated. HIV and tuberculosis co-infection made therapy difficult with unfavorable effects on TB management. The treatment success rate (65.8%) was lower than the WHO threshold standard with a high proportion of patients being lost to the follow up. The co-infection of tuberculosis and HIV resulted in undesirable treatment outcomes. Strengthening TB surveillance and control is recommended.
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- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Faye, M Lindiwe , Hosu, C Mojisola , Iruedo, Joshua , Nokoyo, A Kolisa , Tsuro, Urgent , Apalata, Teke
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: Treatment outcomes , DR-TB, MDR-TB, TB-HIV , Co-infection , Treatment success rate
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13637 , vital:78967 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8060315
- Description: An essential metric for determining the efficacy of tuberculosis (TB) control programs is the evaluation of TB treatment outcomes; this study was conducted to investigate treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in rural areas of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Assessing treatment outcomes is fundamental to facilitating the End TB Strategy’s set target. Clinic records from 457 patients with DR-TB were examined for data collection while 101 patients were followed up prospectively. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17.0. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated to check the association between variables. p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the 427 participants, 65.8% had successful treatment whilst 34.2% had unsuccessful TB treatment. A total of 61.2% and 39% of the HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants had a successful TB treatment whilst 66% and 34% of both HIV-negative and positive participants had unsuccessful TB treatment. From the 101 patients that were followed up, smokers took longer to have treatment outcomes compared to non-smokers. In the study with HIV/TB co-infection, men predominated. HIV and tuberculosis co-infection made therapy difficult with unfavorable effects on TB management. The treatment success rate (65.8%) was lower than the WHO threshold standard with a high proportion of patients being lost to the follow up. The co-infection of tuberculosis and HIV resulted in undesirable treatment outcomes. Strengthening TB surveillance and control is recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
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