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Recent progress in the conversion of agricultural waste into functional materials

  • Authors: Xhamla, Nqoro, Raymond Taziwa,Patricia Popoola
  • Date: 2023
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9238 , vital:73025
  • Description: Agricultural waste is enriched with a variety of environmentally friendly materials that can potentially boost economic growth, reduce the spread of contagious diseases, and serve as a carbon-free renewable energy bioresource. Biopolymers produced from agricultural waste have a range of applications in medicine, agriculture, pharmaceutics, and industrial factories. The chemical extraction of biopolymers from biomass requires a series of alternating alkali, acid, and alkali treatments at controlled temperatures. Chemical extraction of plant-based biopolymers requires elevated temperatures (70–100°C), while for animal and sea organism-based biopolymers, moderate temperatures of 25–60°C are used. The obtained biopolymers are functionalized into various materials for application in a wide range of industries. The reported functional materials are loaded with inorganic nanomaterials, plant extracts, and organic compounds, which resulted in a synergistic effect and enhanced activity of the materials. Several researchers have synthesized biopolymers with synthetic polymers to improve their bioavailability, tensile strength, shelf life, and UV adsorption. This review article reports the extraction techniques of biopolymers from agricultural waste and their application in wound healing, water treatment, food storage, passive cooling, and cosmetics. The dearth of scientific articles on the applications of biopolymers generated from agricultural waste produced from food crops grown in Africa is a motivation for the present compilation.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Reclaiming the social order in an antithetical social control labyrinth: Realities , reasoned imagination and intervention

  • Authors: Obioha, Emeka
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: Reclaiming Social order
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Lectures
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9486 , vital:73574
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Relationship of Indoor Particulate Matter and Lung Function in Children from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

  • Authors: Engwa, G A , Anye, C , Nkeh-Chungag, B N
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: Lung function , Children , Indoor particular matter , Eastern Cape , Commercialization
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/13793 , vital:79022 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.7196/SAJCH.2023.v17i2.1926
  • Description: Background. There is a dearth of information on the relationship between indoor air pollution and lung function, especially among sub-Saharan African children. Objective. To assess the relationship between indoor particulate matter (PM) and lung function in children living in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa (SA). Methods. This cross-sectional study included 540 children aged 10 - 14 years and was conducted between May and September 2016. PM from 23 classrooms was measured with a handheld particle counter and lung function was assessed with a handheld spirometer. Results. Mean (standard deviation) PM5 levels were higher (109.96 (75.39) μg/m3 ) than PM10 (84.84 (63.28) μg/m3 ) and PM2.5 (39.45 (26.38) μg/m3 ). PM2.5, PM5 and PM10 correlated negatively…
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Removal of reactive blue 19 from simulated wastewater using Solanum melongena stalk/MWCNTs: thermodynamics, kinetic, equilibrium and regeneration potentials

  • Authors: James, Friday Amaku1
  • Date: 2023
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/9201 , vital:73021
  • Description: In the present study, a nanocomposite was prepared for the removal of dye from the aqueous phase. In this regard, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were anchored on the stalk of Solanum melongena (SMB) to obtain a robust adsorbent with the capacity to eliminate reactive blue 19 (RB19) using the batch adsorptive processes. Solanum melongena stalk decorated with MWCNTs (SMC) and SMB were characterized using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer–Emmett– Teller (BET), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. With the exception of solution pH, an increase in contact time, adsorbent dose, initial RB19 concentration, and solution temperature were noticed to elevate the uptake potential of SMB and SMC. Kinetic experimental data for SMB and SMC were consistent with the pseudo-second-order and Elovich model, respectively. The experimental isotherm data obtained for SMB and SMC were best expressed by Freundlich and Langmuir models, respectively. After the fifth adsorption–desorption cycle, SMC exhibited 52% of adsorption efficiency. Hence, SMC can be an auspicious candidate for the efficient adsorption of RB19.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Rhodes University Calender 2023

Rhodes University Research Report 2023: a year in review

  • Authors: Roberts, Jaine , Mantolo, Thumeka , Nzwanga, Anela
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , report
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473277 , vital:77625 , ISBN , https://www.ru.ac.za/researchgateway/researchexcellence/annualresearchreports/
  • Description: From Foreword by Dr Sizwe Mabizela: Our university continues to be a formidable powerhouse of research, innovation and intellectual creativity. Our intellectual space continues to be our strength as we endeavour to make our contribution to local, national, continental and international solutions to some of the daunting challenges of our time. Our researchers continue to produce path-breaking research and creative outputs which expand the frontiers of knowledge and propel humanity forward; knowledge which contributes to the improvement of the quality of life, the advancement of sustainable development and the deepening of human understanding and wisdom.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Rural Support Experience of Student-Teachers in South Africa: The Need for Supportive Infrastructure and Language Teaching

  • Authors: Omodan, Isaiah Bunni , Makena, Bulelwa
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: Rurality , Rural support expirience , Student teachers , ABCD , Transformation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14272 , vital:79165 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n2p224
  • Description: Rural communities in South Africa have various inadequacies and a lack of social support systems for the people and their inhabitants. Experiences and observations showed that the majority of the student teachers in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa undergo their teaching practice activities in one or two rural locations, which led to many of them having to suffer from a lack of support and social amenities in their place of teaching practice. This study explores student teachers experiences, ranging from the challenges and opportunities available for them during the program. Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach was used to underpin the study. The study falls within the transformative paradigm, and participatory research was used to design the study. Convenient sampling was used to select ten student teachers posted to rural locations for their teaching practice within the Eastern Cape province. Reflection was used to elicit data from the participants, and the data were analysed thematically. The study found that inadequate resources and social amenities, and language barriers are challenges encountered by the student teachers. The study also found that the provision of supportive infrastructures and the intensification of Language teaching is imminent among rural learners…
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  • Date Issued: 2023

SAARMSTE’s role in building and connecting Early Grade Mathematics research: A review of SAARMSTE Proceedings 2003–2022

  • Authors: Graven, Mellony , Venkat, Hamsa
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/482481 , vital:78656 , https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2023.2223376
  • Description: This paper focuses on the Southern African Association for Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education’s (SAARMSTE’s) role as a platform supporting research dissemination and connecting researchers in early grades mathematics (EGM) in the Southern African region. A review of the Long Papers in SAARMSTE over the last 20 years supports the finding of the other review papers in this Special Issue: that there has been substantial growth of attention to EGM since 2013. However, two distinctions are marked when looking at conference papers rather than journal papers. Firstly, there is a particularly large expansion of work in the last 5 years, with a broadening base of participation in this work. Second, looking across all the formats of conference presentations indicates SAARMSTE’s role in supporting and building EGM as a key focus of research attention, and bringing together regional and international groups with interests in this area. Given that conference proceedings usually offer a broader picture of emerging interests than journal papers, we reflect on the range of foci of attention within EGM in the SAARMSTE Proceedings, and trends within this. These trends also help us to point to areas that are likely to be of key interest in the next decade.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Sample size assessments for thermal physiology studies: An R package and R Shiny application

  • Authors: van Steenderen, Clarke J M , Sutton, Guy F , Owen, Candice A , Martin, Grant D , Coetzee, Julie A
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/444455 , vital:74242 , https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.12416
  • Description: Required sample sizes for a study need to be carefully assessed to account for logistics, cost, ethics and statistical rigour. For example, many studies have shown that methodological variations can impact the critical thermal limits (CTLs) recorded for a species, although studies on the impact of sample size on these measures are lacking. Here, we present ThermalSampleR; an R CRAN package and Shiny application that can assist researchers in determining when adequate sample sizes have been reached for their data. The method is particularly useful because it is not taxon specific. The Shiny application offers a user‐friendly interface equivalent to the package for users not familiar with R programming. ThermalSampleR is accompanied by an in‐built example dataset, which we use to guide the user through the workflow with a fully worked tutorial.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Science and language, knowledge and power

  • Authors: Wilmot, Kirstin , Iqani, Mehita , Madondo, Nkosinathi
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480573 , vital:78456 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajsci-v119-n11-a9
  • Description: All scientific knowledge is encoded in socially constructed forms of communication with language being the primary mode. When language is understood as a socio-cultural practice and a resource for meaning-making, it has significant implications for how we understand knowledge-building in disciplines and the inherent power relationships that are created in the way we use language to construct different kinds of knowledge and position knowledge in the field. It also has implications for how we share and validate knowledge with and to others. If science is to be used for social justice, understanding science communication necessitates considerations of language, knowledge and power.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Second-year students’ perceptions of e-learning during the Covid-19 era: a survey of social sciences and humanities Students at Fort Hare University

  • Authors: Nkonyeni, Sixolile https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-6459
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: Computer-assisted instruction , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-2023
  • Language: English
  • Type: Master's theses , text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29780 , vital:78913
  • Description: Higher education institutions worldwide were significantly affected by the COVID nineteen epidemic. Lockdown measures were implemented all around the globe to control the infection forcing universities to swiftly adapt alternative measures to ensure uninterrupted academic progress. Students had to adapt to a new educational setting due to the rapid move to remote learning sometimes without the necessary preparation for online education. Their participation in distance learning systems and technologies suffered as a consequence. This research aimed to examine how students perceived remote education in the pandemic phase. The study aimed to understand their perspectives identify the platforms they used ascertain their level of readiness and explore the difficulties they encountered. This research offers important insights about the pandemics influence on the students by exploring the experiences of students transitioning from high school to university in an online setting. The Technology Acceptance Model TAM commonly known as TAM was utilised in the study to investigate the effect of modern technologys perceived ease of use PEOU and perceived usefulness PU on behavioural intention to use BI and ultimate system utilisation. The post positivist principle guided the research. A sixteen item questionnaire was used to gather data at the University of Fort Hares Alice campus. A sample size of two hundred second year students from the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities was determined using Raosofts Sample Size Calculator. SPSS was used to analyse quantitative data which included statistical analysis and frequency distributions. The studys results showed that the students had a positive perception of online education. Blackboard was used for sharing information and assessments while emails were used for communication. Microsoft Teams was utilised for lectures and assessments and WhatsApp was used for information sharing. Students demonstrated moderate to high self efficacy in online learning and had basic skills necessary for implementation however their readiness in terms of technological skills such as presentations screen sharing and other advanced skills was low. The most common difficulties students experienced when learning online included inadequate internet access unreliable power supplies a lack of focus insufficient ICT skills and expensive data plans. After the COVID nineteen epidemic the research suggested hybrid learning to address these issues and support the universitys mission of change and rejuvenation. The study also suggested continuing the rollout of laptops and zero rated data packages for students while establishing training sessions aimed at bridging the digital skills gap among first year students. , Thesis (MLIS) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Sense of Community: Perceptions of "Inter-Intra" Collaborations in an Academic Environment through the Lenses of Botho Principles and the Field of industrial Psychology

  • Authors: Diale, Dineo
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/450715 , vital:74976 , xlink:href="https://www.sciedupress.com/journal/index.php/ijhe/article/download/21745/13462"
  • Description: In the current study, I explored the concept of collaboration from Botho principles and the industrial psychology perspective in the specific higher learning institution. Using a qualitative approach, 13 participants performing academic and nonacademic roles formed part of the study. Overall, the participants experience regarding collaboration in an academic environment are reported to be in the form of shared goals, sense of unity, diversity, and solution-driven teams. Further participants experience in relation to collaboration is African culture [Botho principles]. The latter were perceived   contributors to collaboration within departments (intra); and few barriers to collaboration were discovered, such as criteria, lack of shared leadership, lack of collaboration champions or ambassadors. The concept of Botho is defined as a social contract of mutual respect, humanity, and responsibility that members have with one another often referred to as bringing in humanity onto a set environment. Although there are commonalities between Botho and Ubuntu, they however have dissimilarities and are underpinned by different cultures and traditions. Ubuntu is seen often used by a slogan, "I am because you are". Botho is Setswana or Sesotho concept while Ubuntu forms part of Nguni languages.  I then further conceptualize collaboration through the lens of industrial psychology from the results and offer future research recommendations in the current paper.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Service learning in teacher education programmes: A literature review on the rationale, benefits, and challenges

  • Authors: Mutambara, Tsitsi E
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/477842 , vital:78129 , https://doi.org/10.24052/IJHEM/V09N02/ART-5
  • Description: Service-learning is a teaching approach that gives students opportunities to participate in a service that meets community needs as well as being relevant to the curriculum content and to reflect on the service-learning activity/activities and experience. While the discipline specific content is determined by the National Approved Curriculum for the respective Degree, Diploma or Certificate programme, activities which contribute towards concretising concepts and thus, marry theory with real-life challenges are jointly designed and agreed upon by the subject lecturer and the specific community partner. As pre-service teachers engage in servicelearning activities, they experience personal and professional growth through:(i) taking leadership roles in service-learning activities;(ii) exposure to-and awareness of the real-life environment in which the 21st Century teaching profession has to operate;(iii) engaging in and participating in authentic real-life centred teaching practices;(iv) acquisition of new dispositions necessary for a 21st Century teacher; and (v) exposure to-and the relevance of service-learning as a teaching/learning pedagogy. Therefore, this study is a literature review of a range of some of the existing work on service-learning and it collates and brings together key components of service-learning, its benefits, and challenges. The implications of servicelearning in Teacher education programmes are that curriculum content should be questioned regarding its relevance in modern day society, how well it prepares pre-service teachers for teaching skills and needs of a rapidly changing economy and society, and that education should take place in an authentic learning environment where community service activities are integrated with the academic curriculum.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Short Course Handouts Bundle for the Training of Trainers Course: Introductory course to facilitating social learning and stakeholder engagement in natural resource management contexts

Signposts on the road toward transformative governance: how a stronger focus on diverse values can enhance environmental policies

  • Authors: Keleman, Eszter , Subramanian, Suneetha M , de Vos, Alta , Amaruzaman, Sacha , Porter-Bolland, Luciana , Islar, Mine , Kosmus, Marina , Nakangu, Barbara , Nuesiri, Emmanuel , Robles, Gabriela A , Yiu, Evonne , Emerton, Lucy , Zólyomi, Ágnes
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/415927 , vital:71301 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2023.101351"
  • Description: Transformative change toward sustainability is increasingly recognized as inevitable to avoid the collapse of socioecological systems. However, for a deep and system-wide transformation, governance approaches and policymaking need to be changed too. This paper discusses how a diverse value approach in environmental policymaking could be undertaken to foster transformative governance that can further lead to system-wide transitions. Based on the analysis of different policy options’ transformative potential, we argue that the more diverse values addressed by a policy instrument, the bigger its transformative potential. Weaving values into policy decision-making is possible at several junctures of the policy process, but context-specificities should always be considered, and capacities must be enhanced at all levels, both for public and private actors.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Social ecosystem for skills research inclusivity, relationality and informality

  • Authors: Metelerkamp, Luke , Monk, David
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book chapter
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434871 , vital:73112 , ISBN 978-1529224634 , https://bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/transitioning-vocational-education-and-training-in-africa
  • Description: Eighty per cent of Africans work in the informal economy. In this chapter, we consider the highly informal, unregulated and often marginalized contexts that form the majority experience of living, working and learning. Situating the praxis of horizontal learning within these very normal contexts of informality demands renewed analysis into the questions of how horizontal learning is facilitated, by whom, with what resources, and why. Following on from Chapter 4, we develop our approach to social ecosystems further through two empirical case studies offering distinct lenses on to the informal sector. In Gulu, we consider the current dynamics of learning and inclusion among informal traders at a local market and in a set of food and clothing initiatives; in Alice, we reflect on an intentional effort on behalf of established, formal institutions to explore new approaches to teaching and learning through support of expansive informal learning in the context of food growing. While our focus across the book is on the range of labour markets and livelihood opportunities, it is appropriate to start our empirical chapters by focusing on the labour market of the majority.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Social innovation that connects people to coasts in the Anthropocene

  • Authors: Celliers, Louis , Costa, Maria M , Rölfer, Lena , Aswani, Shankar , Ferse, Sebastian C A
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/391410 , vital:68649 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.12"
  • Description: Post-industrial society is driving global environmental change, which is a challenge for all generations, current and future. The Anthropocene is the geological epoch in which humans dominate and it is rooted in the past, present, and future. Future sustainability is building on the momentum of the fundamental importance of studying human dynamics and governance of coupled social and ecological systems. In the Anthropocene, social innovation may play a critical role in achieving new pathways to sustainability. This conventional narrative review uses a qualitative analysis anchored in the Grounded Theory Method and a systematic collection and analysis of papers to identify broad types of social innovations. Scientific journal articles published since 2018 were prioritised for inclusion. The six types of social innovation proposed are (a) authentic engagement; (b) artful and engaging communication; (c) urging and compelling change; (d) governance for social-ecological systems; (e) anticipation in governance; and (f) lived experiences and values. The six innovations proposed in this paper can be embedded within, and form part of, social action using a science–society compact for the sustainable development of coasts in the Anthropocene.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Social Network Writing Trajectory Logistics: Impact on Language Proficieny

  • Authors: Makena, Bulelwa , Mpiti, Thandiswa , Qoyi, Motsi
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: Social networks , Writing trajectories , Spelling , Text-analysis , Langauge enhancement
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/14244 , vital:79167 , DOI: https://ijci.net/index.php/IJCI/article/view/1320
  • Description: Language enhancement is a prerequisite for successful schooling and an essential aspect across curricular. All subjects underpinning the curriculum have texts to be comprehended. Consequently, the emergence of social network writing trajectories has brought about trending logistics of using shorthand and informal language for communication by users. What raises some alarm bells is that as learners fall within the cohort of users mentioned above, their language proficiency, specifically vocabulary and spelling, decreases. This concern probed us to investigate whether social network writing trajectory logistics have any significant impact on language proficiency. For this investigation, a qualitative research approach embedded in a case study design was administered. Using this approach led to better understanding of the underlying motives as perceived by English language teachers in relation to effects on language development. Three university teachers offering tuition to first year entering students were conveniently nominated and interviewed as they timeously reported about lack of academic writing…
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Socio-Economic and Environmental Challenges of Small-Scale Fisheries: Prognosis for Sustainable Fisheries Management in Lake Kariba, Zambia

  • Authors: Imbwae, Imikendu , Aswani, Shankar , Sauer, Warwick H H
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/391422 , vital:68650 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043179"
  • Description: The Lake Kariba fishery is of regional importance; it accounts for 35% of the total Zambian fish production. However, emerging evidence in the recent decades suggests that the fishery is facing socio-economic and environmental challenges. Using Ostrom’s framework for analysing socio-ecological systems, we examined the social, economic, and environmental problems faced by the fishing communities in Lake Kariba. The framework links various social, economic, and ecological factors to devise a sustainable fisheries management plan. A combination of survey questionnaires, focus group discussions, observations, and key informant interviews were used to assess this sustainability challenge. The data collected were subjected to bivariate and descriptive analysis. The results obtained did not show a significant decline in fish production over the past 13 years (R2 Linear = 0.119, p = 0.248). However, the experts and the fishers have reported declining trends in valuable fish species such as Oreochromis mortimeri, compounded by the increased fishing efforts (X2 = 180.14, p value = ˂ 0.00001). The key threats identified include: overfishing, weak institutions, and the introduction of invasive fish species such as Oreochromis niloticus. This situation has raised fears of fish depletion among the stakeholders. Based on these results, we recommend stronger institutional collaboration among the stakeholders in the riparian states and education that illustrates the global value of fisheries for food security and biodiversity conservation in pursuing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
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  • Date Issued: 2023

Socioeconomic and geographic variations in antenatal care coverage in Angola: further analysis of the 2015 demographic and health survey

  • Authors: Shibre, Gebretsadik , Zegeye, Betregiorgis , Idriss-Wheeler, Dina , Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku , Oladimeji, Olanrewaju , Yaya, Sanni
  • Date: 2023
  • Subjects: Prenatal care , Mothers -- Mortality , Health surveys
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4489 , vital:44125 , https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09320-1
  • Description: In African countries, including Angola, antenatal care (ANC) coverage is suboptimal and maternal mortality is still high due to pregnancy and childbirth-related complications. There is evidence of disparities in the uptake of ANC services, however, little is known about both the socio-economic and geographic-based disparity in the use of ANC services in Angola. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of socio-economic, urban-rural and subnational inequality in ANC coverage in Angola. We analyzed data from the 2015 Angola Demographic and Health Survey (ADHS) using the World Health Organization (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software. The analysis consisted of disaggregated ANC coverage rates using four equity stratifiers (economic status, education, residence, and region) and four summary measures (Difference, Population Attributable Risk, Ratio and Population Attributable Fraction). To measure statistical significance, an uncertainty interval (UI) of 95% was constructed around point estimates. The study showed both absolute and relative inequalities in coverage of ANC services in Angola. More specifically, inequality favored women who were rich (D = 54.2, 95% UI; 49.59, 58.70, PAF = 43.5, 95% UI; 40.12, 46.92), educated (PAR = 19.9, 95% UI; 18.14, 21.64, R = 2.14, 95% UI; 1.96, 2.32), living in regions such as Luanda (D = 51.7, 95% UI; 43.56, 59.85, R = 2.64, 95% UI; 2.01, 3.26) and residing in urban dwellings (PAF = 20, 95% UI; 17.70, 22.38, PAR = 12.3, 95% UI; 10.88, 13.75). The uptake of ANC services were lower among poor, uneducated, and rural residents as well as women from the Cuanza Sul region. Government policy makers must consider vulnerable subpopulations when designing needed interventions to improve ANC coverage in Angola to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal of reducing global maternal mortality ratio to 70 deaths per 100,000 live births.
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  • Date Issued: 2023
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