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Colloquial terms used in young adults’ talk about sexual practices, sexual subjectivities and sexual desires’

  • Authors: Robertson, Cassandra Ann
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Youth -- Sexual behavior , Sex in popular culture , Communication and sex , Language and sex
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96551 , vital:31293
  • Description: Much of the growth in sexualities‘ research has taken the form of large scale surveys, but there is also increased interest in qualitative approaches that provide useful insights into the experiential and subjective aspects of sexuality, and illuminate the social and cultural contexts shaping these experiences. The reason for this research is to provide a richer understanding of the language that young people employ when speaking about sexuality. This study examines young adults‘ talk about sexualities with a special focus on the way in which colloquial terms are deployed in this talk and through the presence of gendered and/or heteronormative assumptions. Data consisted of posts off a student-led social media site and the study design employed was a validity check group interview. The social media site allowed its followers to post anonymously about a range of sexualities related issues. Data were analysed thematically, using a deductive, critical, and post-structuralist approach with key insights drawn on from Michael Foucault, Adrienne Rich, Gayle Rubin, Judith Butler and Rosalind Gill. Three overarching themes emerged: young adults spoke to sexual practices, sexual subjectivities and sexual desires. A major focus of this talk is casual sex. This talk showed that there are attempts to undermine gendered and heteronormative power relations, for example, non-normative sexual experiences were not seen as deviant, although those who were engaging in monogamy and casual sex were constructed as deviant sexual subjects. Yet underpinning of these power relations still took place, for example, in the female missing discourse of desire, the internalisation of male sexual desires over female sexual desires and the sexual double standard. There was a clear divide between the sexual practices and sexual subjectivities that were considered to be good and bad. This research therefore has the potential to benefit sexuality interventions by bringing into sharp focus the actual experiences of young adults.
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  • Date Issued: 2019

La masculinité dans quelques oeuvres des romanciers Francophones Africains

  • Authors: Joseph, Joy Ifeanyichukwu Osarumwense
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Masculinity in literature , Men in literature , African fiction (French) -- History and criticism , Bâ, Mariama. Chant écarlate , Fassinou, Adélaïde, 1955-.Modukpè le rêve brisé , Sanusi, Ramonu Abiodun, 1961-.Le bistouri des larmes , Sanusi, Ramonu Abiodun, 1961-.Un nègre a violé une blonde à Dallas , Baboni, Azaratou.Vie de femme, vie de sang
  • Language: French
  • Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/97512 , vital:31446 , DOI 10.21504/10962/97512
  • Description: This thesis is a sociocritic and comparative study in Francophone African Literature which examines how male and female authors depict masculinity amongst African men in selected works of Francophone authors and how it affects the emancipation of women in the society. These include Mariama Bâ’s Un chant écarlate (1981) from Senegal, Adelaïde Fassinou’s Modukpè le rêve brisé (2000) from Benin, Ramonu Sanusi’s Le bistouri des larmes (2005, 2010) from Nigeria, Azaratou Baboni’s Vie de femme, vie de sang, (2011) from Benin, Ramonu Sanusi’s Un nègre a violé une blonde à Dallas, (2016) from Nigeria. The study analyses the various forms of masculinity in the selected works of Francophone authors. The study also examines the notable similarities and differences in the portrayal of male characters in the novel and how prevailing environmental factors determine the themes in the novel. This study has demonstrated that hegemonic and marginalized forms of masculinity are the dominant forms of masculinity in West Africa. These forms of masculinity have negative effects not only on the woman but affects the society in general. Furthermore, the study pleads for a social change with respect to Molara Leslie-Oguundipe’s theory on stiwanism (Ogundipe 1994: 229-230) The thesis is made of six chapters. In the first chapter, we outlined the study’s subject matter, its aims and objectives, its significance, its assumptions and methodology. In the second chapter, we examined Raewyn Connell’s theory of Masculinity and Molara Leslie-Ogundipe’s theory of Stiwanism with respect to the selected novels. Raewyn Connell’s theory on masculinity a sociological theory was employed in analyzing the social patterns of societal relationships, social interaction and culture, while Molara Leslie-Ogundipe’s theory on stiwanism a literary theory mirrored the West African Society. Such analyses helped us in identifying how socio-cultural and religious contexts influence the attitude of men towards women. In the third chapter, we applied sociocritic and comparative analyses between Mariama’s Bâ’s Un Chant Écarlate and Adelaïde’s Fassinou’s Modukpè le rêve brisé. The study focuses on how hegemonic and marginalized forms of masculinity influences racial discrimination in mixed marriages, polygamy, unwanted pregnancy, secondary sterility and single motherhood. These masculinities had negative effects on women and the society. The study also analyzed how both male and female characters employed stiwanist strategy in enhancing peace and harmony in the society. In the fourth chapter, the study examined how hegemonic and marginalized forms of masculinity influenced domestic violence, primary sterility, female genital mutilation and its negative and permanent damage to the health of women, the loss of lives of women and children in Ramonu Sanusi’s Le bistouri des larmes and Baboni Azaratou’s Vie de femme, vie de sang. The study also examined how women can rise above traditional norms with respect to stiwanist activites. The fifth chapter analyzed the influence of socio-cultural and political challenges in a contemporary society with respect to marginalized form of masculinity. In the sixth chapter, the study concluded that hegemonic and marginalized forms of masculinity are the dominant forms of masculinity. These forms of masculinites have negative effects on both sexes (male and female) as well as the society.
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  • Date Issued: 2019

Using a multi-method approach to understand the movement patterns and the associated environmental correlates of an iconic West African recreational fish

  • Authors: Winkler, Alexander Claus
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Carangidae fishing , Carangidae -- Migration , Carangidae -- Namibia , Carangidae -- Angola , Fish tagging , Carangidae -- Benguela Current , Underwater acoustic telemetry , Ocean temperature -- Physiological effect , Fishes -- Effect of temperature on
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76530 , vital:30597
  • Description: The leerfish (Lichia amia), is a large, primarily coastal recreational fish species with a distribution extending from Portugal down the west coast of African to southern Mozambique. Owing to its large size (30 kg), strong fighting abilities and habit of taking surface artificial lures, this species has taken on an iconic stature among shore-based recreational anglers. Its reputation has made it an important angling tourism species that makes an important contribution to the economy of developing countries. For example, the species brought US$243 per harvested kilogramme into the local southern Angola economy. Despite its high value, little is known about its movement patterns in the northern Benguela coastal region, a region which includes southern Angola and northern Namibia. While much is known about the migratory patterns of the South African stock of L. amia, recent molecular studies have shown that the northern Benguela stock of L. amia has been isolated from the South African population for at least two million years, a consequence of the development of the cold Lüderitz upwelling cell in southern Namibia. Although the global population of L. amia is considered a single species, prominent biogeographic barriers within its distribution and subtle morphological differences between specimens captured within its tropical versus warm-temperate distribution suggest otherwise. A multi-method approach incorporating passive acoustic telemetry (PAT), recreational catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and conventional tagging (CT) in southern Angola, as well as recreational fisher-ecological knowledge (FEK) from Namibia, was used to investigate the large-scale movement patterns of L. amia within the northern Benguela coastal region. While each method had its own associated limitations, the combination provided a holistic picture of the population's seasonal migratory patterns. Furthermore, PAT successfully identified partial migration with 25% vs 75% of monitored fish exhibiting resident (movements < 100 km) or migratory (movements > 100 km) behaviour, respectively. Further behavioural diversity was observed with ‘resident’, ‘roaming’ and ‘embayment’ contingents identified based on varying levels of affinity to certain habitats. The presence of both resident and migratory individuals within the northernmost study during June and July, combined with available biological information, suggested that area-specific spawning may take place. While PAT, CPUE and CT largely aligned in determining area specific high-area use, results from network analyses and mixed effects models conducted on the PAT data supported the spawning hypothesis, with anomalous behaviour around specific receivers during the spawning season. All fish, regardless of behavioural contingent, displayed similar movement behaviour during the spawning season and this was driven by factors generally associated with reproduction, such as lunar illumination. Interestingly, these drivers were different from those that determined the area specific use of individuals outside of the spawning season. The environmental drivers of longshore migration into the northern study site were identified as a decline in water temperature and shorter day lengths. The results of this study highlight the importance of using a multi-method approach in determining migratory movement behaviour, area specific area use, and stock structure of key fisheries species. The identification of different behavioural contingents highlights the importance of acknowledging individual variation in movement and habitat-use patterns. This is particularly relevant as future climate change and spatiotemporal variation in fishing effort may artificially skew natural selection processes to favour certain behavioural groups. This study also highlighted the importance of scientists forming relationships with resource-users, such as recreational angling lodges in areas where limited research has been conducted. This is particularly relevant within the West African context where little is known about many of the fish species that are being increasingly targeted by tourism angling ventures.
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  • Date Issued: 2019

A critical review of the response of the Environmental Literacy Skills Programme to learner capabilities, and to the demands of the Working for Water training setting in an emerging Green Economy

  • Authors: Fourie, Kathryn
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Working for Water Programme , Environmental Literacy Skills Programme , Environmental education -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7879 , vital:21317
  • Description: This case study is guided by a social realist research approach. It is an investigation into if and how the Environmental Literacy Skills Programme (ESLP) responds to Working for Water learners' capabilities and the enabling and constraining factors that shape these, and to the demands of the WfW training setting in an emerging Green Economy. The context for the study is that of the Working for Water programme, an Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) run under the auspices of the Department of Environmental Affairs in South Africa. The study took place while piloting the newly created ELSP materials with a group of beneficiaries and contractors in Uitenhage, a town in South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. The study provides insights into the application of accredited training in an EPWP training environment, and critically considers the academic and practical suitability of the ELSP in the WfW context. It achieves this by considering how the ELSP seeks to respond to the education levels and experiences of contractors and beneficiaries, and the demands of the WfW training setting. To understand what underpins learner capabilities and experiences, it was necessary to investigate the conversion factors and enabling and constraining factors that influence WfW contractor and beneficiary capabilities and involvement in the ELSP training in the context of an emerging Green Economy. To develop these insights, data was gathered through participant observation, questionnaires, structured and semi-structured interviews, as well as document analysis. The theoretical framework of Amartya Sen's (1999) Capability Approach supports the study, which provides an alternative way of understanding the freedoms that people enjoy, or the lack of freedom they experience, in being able to live the kind of life they have reason to value. The Capability Approach provides the key concept of resource conversion, which is used in the study to discern the social, personal and environmental constraints and enablers that people experience in their lives. These either assist or dis-enable a person in converting a resource such as education, into a functioning such as desired employment. Through a social realist causal analysis model, key structures are identified that underpin the actions of beneficiaries and contractors in relation to their learning and career pathways. The study shows that while the ELSP does support the development of green skills and in part responds to learner capabilities (and enabling and constraining conversion factors), there is a lack of information as to where those skills can be applied in elementary green occupations, in part due to South Africa's focus on high-skills development linked to Green Economy objectives. The study makes recommendations for aligning environmental education with career guidance, as well as a recommendation for further detailed research into identifying elementary green occupations and associated learning pathways.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

Die administratiewe funksionering van bewindsinstellings in die Ciskei met besondere verwysing na plaaslike bestuur

A systematic study of the dynamics of human communication : with special reference to systems emergent from the Action Frame of Reference

  • Authors: Kapelus, Saville
  • Date: 1968
  • Subjects: Communication , Content analysis (Communication)
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3369 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012624 , Communication , Content analysis (Communication)
  • Description: "Communication" has been described as one of the busiest crossroads in the study of human behaviour. Workers in many disciplines have stressed the importance of knowledge about communication to their own work as well as contributing to the general pool of literature on the various aspects of the subject. Intro., p. 1
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  • Date Issued: 1968
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