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Uthelekiso Lwelizwi leMbongi KwisiHobe sikaZolani Mkiva noMzwakhe Mbuli

  • Authors: Makhenyane, Lukhanyo
  • Date: 2020
  • Subjects: African languages , Language and languages , South African poetry
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters/Doctoral , Degree
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18020 , vital:42004
  • Description: Despite the vast research on African poetry by scholars like Qangule (1979), Ntuli (1984), Sirayi (1985), Bokoda (1994), Mtumane (2000), Bobelo (2008) and Jadezweni (2013), there is a paucity of extended research on the aesthetic works of African poets in South Africa in the post-apartheid era. In a quest to redress this imbalance, I undertook a comparative study of two prominent African poets in the post-apartheid era in South Africa. This study adds nuance to our understanding of African poetry as it would define African poetry further from an African perspective. Swanepoel (1990) challenges scholars of African literature to have a critical look on the developments of neighbouring literatures as comparing these literatures produces new and useful ideas about African literature. In addition, scholars such as Gerard (1981) and Perera (1991) advocate for the creation and adoption of a comparative methodology for the study of African literature. This led scholars such as Mdaka (2002) to test comparative methodology in assessing ideology and aesthetics in South African isiXhosa novels and Kenyan novels written in English. Likewise, Cutalele (2007) uses comparative methodology in investigating similar themes in the aesthetics works of S.E.K. Mqhayi and Zolani Mkiva. In responding to Swanepoel’s challenge, this study aims to investigate and evaluate the importance of the voice of imbongi in articulating current and burning issues in the post-apartheid South Africa as well as the solutions they propose to some of the problems facing the country. In this study, the methodology swings on the hinges of Ngara’s Marxist theory. The choice of Ngara’s Marxist theory is based largely on its theoretical insights on ideology, form and communication in analysing poetry. Ngara divides ideology into three sub-themes: dominant ideology, which refers to the beliefs, set of values, thoughts and actions of a people in a particular era, authorial ideology that refers to the set of values espoused by the poet and aesthetics ideology, which is the literary convention and stylistic of the poet. Using the comparative method, the voice of imbongi in Mbuli and Mkiva’s poetry is compared over three ideologies – protest, patriotism and revolution. Under the theme of protest, I compare Mkiva and Mbuli’s poetry under two sub-themes, socio-political protest and socio-cultural protest. Mbuli and Mkiva’s protest agitates for change in the political and cultural spheres of the post-apartheid South Africa. Page viii of 290 They comment on issues like leadership and social welfare of South Africans, burning issues of this era. In the theme of patriotism, I examined poetry that displays love and loyalty for one’s country. In displaying their love and loyalty for their country, it is clear that to Mbuli and Mkiva, country refers to Africa, not just South Africa. Furthermore, under the theme of revolution I examined poetry that praises struggle heroes as well as the one that introduces the new struggles of the people of South Africa. In praising revolutionary leaders, Mbuli and Mkiva parade good leadership skills for the new breed of leaders to learn. In discussing the revolutionary theme, they speak of economic freedom as one of the struggles of the new South Africa. In investigating and evaluating their poetry in post-aparthied South Africa, I discovered that in their protest and their revolutionary ideology they express the theme of disillusionment. They speak against corruption in leadership while they question those who violate children and women’s right to life. Such issues were thought to be buried with the death of apartheid. Furthermore, they introduce us to neo-revolution by showing how the struggle for freedom still continues as freedom without economic freedom falls short of freedom.
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  • Date Issued: 2020

Social entrepreneurship and poverty reduction in South Africa, the case Eastern Cape Province

  • Authors: Fiseha, Gebregziabher Gebreyseus
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: Poverty Alleviation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD(Dev)
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18919 , vital:42998
  • Description: Globally, poverty is a major social problem. Billions of people in developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan African countries including South Africa, continue to live in extreme poverty without access to basic needs (food, shelter, clean water and sanitation, health and education).The Eastern Cape Province has the highest number of the poor people in South Africa. The government strategies and policies to address the magnitude of poverty seem unlikely to lift the majority from poverty. Recently, however, social entrepreneurship has been recognized as the most important instrument in addressing the challenges of development (poverty, unemployment and inequality). Hence, this study was conducted to examine the role of social entrepreneurship in poverty reduction in Eastern Cape Province. A mixed research method was employed to achieve this objective. The population of the study targeted social entrepreneurs and their beneficiaries in Eastern Cape Province. The data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire from 265 social entrepreneurs and 120 social entrepreneurship beneficiaries. The participants were selected through purposive sampling technique since the population of social entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurship beneficiaries in the Eastern Cape Province is not well determined. The descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that social entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in poverty reduction in Eastern Cape Province through creating employment opportunities, skill development, availability of goods and services such as financial loans. Therefore, the support for entrepreneurship culture is important for social entrepreneurship growth in order to enhance its contribution to poverty reduction. The study recommends that the government of South Africa and other vi relevant stakeholders should create conducive environment for social entrepreneurs to flourish and grow in the country to reduce poverty significantly. The growth of social entrepreneurship can lead to substantial benefits for the marginalized and vulnerable segments of the society
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  • Date Issued: 2019

The impact of family preservation and family reunification services on families in South Africa: a case study of Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province

  • Authors: Zimba, Zibonele France
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Family services Dysfunctional families -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Family social work -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Degree
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/3088 , vital:28260
  • Description: Families in communities remain vulnerable and, apart from poverty, face a host of other crises and challenges on a daily basis. Amongst the challenges that families face, children are affected most. Services targeting families with very young children therefore are imperative. This study was aimed at exploring the impact of family preservation and family reunification services on families in South Africa, with a focus on the Eastern Cape Province. To answer the research questions of this study, the research adopted a mixed methods design known as methodological triangulation. The study incorporated two sets of participants, Social Workers and heads of families that benefit from family preservation and family reunification services. The total sample for the study included 260 participants; 220 of the participants were heads of families and 40 of the participants were Social Workers. Questionnaires were administered to 200 heads of families and 20 Social Workers selected by means of the random sampling technique. In addition, 20 heads of families and 20 Social Workers who participated in in-depth interviews were purposively selected. The quantitative data were analysed by means of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitative data were categorised with the use of themes and subthemes
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  • Date Issued: 2017

Formulating an IT governance framework

  • Authors: Roos, Pieter
  • Date: 2015
  • Subjects: Corporate governance -- Information technology -- South Africa , Information technology -- Management
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
  • Identifier: vital:1156 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017541
  • Description: Modern organisations make substantial investments in Information Technology (IT). Corporate governance practices can no longer ignore the importance of effectively governing IT. Consequently, the third King Report on Corporate Governance (King III) makes specific provision for IT governance, which is implemented through the establishment of an IT governance framework. The purpose of this research is to develop a generic IT governance framework, suitable to any large South African organisation in the public or private sector. The literature considered for this research confirmed the extent of standards and practices available in support of IT governance, together with the roles and structures required to implement them. These included well-known publications such as COBIT, Prince2, ITIL and ISO/IEC27000. Based on the literature review, a theoretical Processes, Enablers and Structures (PES) IT Governance Framework was formulated. The framework was further explored by means of a survey of and structured interview with ten Chief Information Officers (CIOs) of South African organisations with a turnover in excess of R1bn per annum. The final PES IT Governance Framework comprises three dimensions, each of which contains a set of constituent components: • Processes: Strategic Alignment, Value Delivery, Resource Management, Risk Management and Performance Measurement. • Enablers: IT Sub Processes, Supporting Documentation, IT Control Framework, Technology Architecture, Desirable Practice, IT Portfolio Management and Regulation. • Structures: The Board, Office of the CIO, IT Steering Committee, Technology Architecture Forum, IT Programme Management Office and Information Security Organisation. As the number of regulatory requirements and associated compliance pressures grow, the importance of an effective IT governance framework also becomes more prominent. The PES IT Governance Framework offers a uniquely practical approach to addressing IT governance principles that are often regarded as abstract. The final PES IT Governance Framework provides clear guidance on how organisations could implement an IT governance framework, which addresses the strategic alignment of IT to business, value delivery by IT investments, IT risk management, IT resource management and IT performance measurement.
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  • Date Issued: 2015

The impact on the family dynamic of having a child and sibling with Down syndrome

  • Authors: Webber, Heidi
  • Date: 2011
  • Subjects: Down syndrome , Children with disabilities -- Family relationships
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:9495 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1441 , Down syndrome , Children with disabilities -- Family relationships
  • Description: The raison d'être of my research is simple: it’s about tossing one more starfish back into the surf. Down syndrome is not a disease, nor is it contagious or a death sentence (it only feels that way when you find out for the first time). At the moment of conception, the apprearance of extra genetic material results in a total of 47 chromosomes in every cell. Usually each cell has only 46, thus making an individual with Down syndrome far more like others than different from them. Yet, this extra chromosome presents special circumstances regarding their ability to acquire new skills, be it academic or practical, encompassing a specific learning profile with typical characterisitcs, strengths and weaknesses. Twenty-first century family life is simultaneously challenging and richly rewarding and the expectancy of most families are of a life lived on paved highways with well-marked signs, and rest stops never far apart. Adding an extra chromosome to the luggage sends the family travelling down a vastly different highway instead, not always knowing what is ahead. It’s scary, but in reality even those on the wide smooth roads do not know the future. Echoing the feelings of many parents, Leonard (1992: 5) states, “The trouble is that we have few, if any maps to guide us on the journey or show us how to find the path…” Assumptions from previous decades that used to increase stress associated with rearing a child with Down syndrome would negatively impact on individual family members and the family unit as such. This has made way for the growing consensus that it is not necessarily the norm. Whilst some families have trouble in adapting to the increased stress, other families adjust easier and even thrive. Successful adaptation seems more likely in resilient families who enjoy high levels of parental well-being and strong relationship bonds. Findings of this qualitative research study confirm that unresolved marital strains are more likely to result in divorce as opposed to the birth of their child with Down syndrome. Correspondingly, siblings of children with Down syndrome reported mostly positive impact than negated opportunities to participate in a normal childhood. My motivation for this research was to explore the nature of challenges faced by modern families and to provide mechanisms to facilitate positive adaptation for the family and aid vii inclusion of the child with Down syndrome into school and greater society. Recommendations are also presented for the medical professionals who, ironically, have proved to be the last people parents want to go for support, owing mostly to their decidedly objectionable treatment of parents; as well as the generally uninformed public, who seldom understand or support attempts of parents to include and expose their child to everyday experiences. In conclusion, I summarize: Should it be that I may influence but one person to see persons with Down syndrome for the potential that they hold instead of the associated problems of their condition, this would afford me the satisfaction and contentment knowing that I have succeeded in making a positive contribution to their plight. I would have successfully portrayed the families for the ordinary people they are with anticipations, aspirations and anxieties, but later tasting the elation of being empowered, and the resultant enjoyment and pride of the achievements of their extraordinary “starfish” child. The simple story below explains it all. A little boy was walking on the beach when he noticed scores of starfish washed onto the beach by the previous night’s high tide. He curiously watched as an old man bent down, came up slowly and tossed one starfish after the other into the surf. He went closer to investigate. “Excuse me, sir, what are you doing?” he enquired. The old man said: “I am throwing the starfish back into the ocean before they die, my boy…come, lend a hand”. The boy looked up and down the beach at the hundreds of starfish scattered along the shoreline. “But there’s too many…” said the boy, “it’ll make no difference!” The old man smiled, bent down, picked up another starfish, and carefully tossing it into the clear blue water, he replied, “…It makes a difference to this one…”
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  • Date Issued: 2011

Discrimination against people with mental health problems in the workplace : a comparative analysis

Aspects of musical education in Grahamstown, 1832-1950

  • Authors: Sparrow, Marion Janet
  • Date: 1986
  • Subjects: School music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown School music -- Instruction and study -- South Africa -- Grahamstown Music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown -- History
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:2664 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004616
  • Description: From Introduction: An investigation into aspects of musical education in Grahamstown cannot be isolated from the prevailing economic and social influences and must be seen within that setting. By the 1830's Grahamstown had developed from the frontier military post of 1812, to a settlement with an increasing population, aware of the importance of general education in raising standards and whose attention was concentrated in commerce, allied with agriculture, being a wool centre and a halting-place for traders conveying merchandise northwards, by ox-wagon and later also the chief centre of the ostrich industry. This development had gone on despite a succession of Frontier Wars, the last in 1878. A military presence was felt throughout the years of the nineteenth century and into the early years of the next, although from the late 1850's the chief military posts were in King William's Town and not in Grahamstown. The 1860's witnessed the important discovery of diamonds in South Africa, the first of which was identified by the famous Grahamstonian, Dr William G. Atherstone. This discovery, together with the discovery of gold to the north in the 1880's and the new railway line in that direction side-tracking Grahamstown, plus a slump in the ostrich industry, resulted in the economic decline of the town, but it then directed its energy and enterprise in another direction, education. The many small schools, which had sprung up during earlier decades, were superseded by newly established larger ones, initially for boys, but the 1870's in South Africa saw a revolution in the education of girls (similar to that of the 1850's in England), an occurrence which had an important bearing upon the founding of high schools for girls and Grahamstown was no exception in this respect. In South Africa, tertiary education for women was introduced soon after 1900 (as had occurred in England in the 1870's) and Grahamstown again kept apace. The years of the twentieth century brought about numerous advances in communication (motor cars, roads, aeroplanes, the radio and telephone), the invention of the gramophone, the appearance of "talkies" to replace silent films, the development of electricity as a source of power, great changes from peace to war, worldwide and financial stringency. In addition droughts plagued the farming community. All these influenced life in Grahamstown and education in general. The age of many scholastic institutions in Grahamstown became such, that they were receiving the sons and daughters and also grandsons and granddaughters of former pupils. This continuity played an important part in establishing traditions. Aspects of musical education during more than a century will be examined, firstly, in connection with each individual school and tertiary institution and secondly, by means of a survey. The newspapers, "Graham's Town Journal" and "Grocott's Penny Mail" - later "Grocott's Daily Mail", will be referred to as "IJournal" and "Grocott's", respectively.
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  • Date Issued: 1986

Resource partitioning by top predatory teleosts in eastern Cape coastal waters (South Africa)

  • Authors: Smale, Malcolm J
  • Date: 1984
  • Subjects: Osteichthyes -- Nutrition Osteichthyes -- Behavior
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5210 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004775
  • Description: A detailed feeding study of eleven inshore top predatory teleosts in the eastern Cape is presented. Material collected largely from line-caught fish was augmented by spearfishing. The predators were grouped according to habitat: pelagic, soft-sediment demersal and reef species. Pelagic fish examined were Lichia amia, Pomatomus saltatrix, Seriola lalandi, Atractoscion aequidens, Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus albacares. Stomach content analyses revealed that their prey varied according to size and between species. In coastal areas important prey species were Sardinops ocellata, Etrumeus teres, Engraulis capensis and Loligo reynaudi. The use of fish otoliths and squid beaks allowed accurate identification of the prey and their measurement provided details of their size composition. This has provided greater insight into the distribution of prey species and their importance in food webs. The principal large predator of shallow coastal soft substrates is Argyrosomus hololepidotus, which takes pelagic and demersal prey. Important prey of small specimens are mysids, whereas fish and squid become more important in the diet of larger specimens (>300 mm). Fish prey include Sardinops ocellata, Engraulis capensis, Pomadasys olivaceum and A. hololepidotus. Loligo reynaudi is the dominant cephalopod prey. Selectivity of A. hololepidotus was investigated. Prey were compared to catches made during a small-mesh trawl survey. The absence of certain species from the diet suggests that they avoid predation, possibly by outswimming A. hololepidotus (e.g. P. saltatrix) while large Galeichthys feliceps are rare in the diet, probably because of their formidable spines. Flatfishes, P. olivaceum, juvenile G. feliceps and small A. hololepidotus appear to be preferred food items. The depth distribution of predators and prey is described, and it appears that the distribution of predators may be influenced by their prey. Top predatory teleosts inhabiting coastal reefs are Cheimerius nufar, Petrus rupestris, Polysteganus praeorbitalis and Epinephelus guaza. Diet changes with size and locality but comprises small reef fishes for most of the sparids. C. nufar takes pelagic fish and squid more than the other predators while P. rupestris and P. praeorbitalis prey on cheilodactylids, clinids and other reef associated prey predominantly. E. guaza takes principally crabs and octopods. Classification and ordination analyses of the prey taken illustrated the inter-relationships of predators, which change with increasing size. The pelagic predators are most similar to each other and A. hololepidotus is closer to this group than to reef predators. The reef predators are less similar to each other, although this group as a whole is segregated from pelagic predators. Exceptions to this are large C. nufar and large P. praeorbitalis, which fall into the pelagic predator group, as they took pelagic prey to a large extent. These results are discussed and the patterns shown are compared to other studies and current resource partitioning theory. Two food webs are provided for the coastal waters of the eastern Cape. The pelagic food web has clupeids, engraulids and L. reynaudi as principal components. The reef system is more complex and the Clinidae, Cheilodactylidae and Octopus spp. are important. The use of food webs in management and in providing a framework for testing theoretical models is shown to be important. Research needs are identified and include more detailed work on the basic biology and ecology of the top predators and their prey.
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  • Date Issued: 1984

The role of the church in an urban African society

  • Authors: Dubb, Allie A
  • Date: 1961
  • Subjects: Bhengu, Nicholas B H, 1909- , Pentecostal churches -- South Africa -- East London
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3361 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011563 , Bhengu, Nicholas B H, 1909- , Pentecostal churches -- South Africa -- East London
  • Description: This study is based on research carried out in East London, South Africa during the period September 1957 to August 1959 as an Assistant Research Officer of the Institute for Social and Economic Research, Rhodes University. The study is presented in three parts and its theme, broadly speaking, is the role of the church in an urban African society. In Part I, some aspects of the African Church in East London are discussed in general terms and an attempt was made to relate our own material with the findings of other researchers. Emerging from this discussion we have concluded that the Church could potentially play an important part in combating the social disorganization characteristic of urban locations in South Africa, but that on the whole this potential has not been fully exploited.
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  • Date Issued: 1961

The executive government of the Cape of Good Hope, 1825-54

  • Authors: Fryer, Alan Kenneth
  • Date: 1959
  • Subjects: Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1795-1872
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:2604 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011896
  • Description: The study of administrative processes is a relaltively new one both in the field of history and sociology. In both disciplines what is required is study of the sructure and growth of adminstrative systems and of the impact of administrative action on the community it seeks to serve and which it often provokes. In the field of history, Professor F. Tout in his chapters on administrative history ... gave new vitality and understanding to medieval studies. In the main, South African history, though probably not more so than other Commonwealth countries, has been less fortunate. Preface, p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1959
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