Apis florea in Jordan: source of the founder population
- Haddad, N, Fuchs, S, Hepburn, H Randall, Radloff, Sarah E
- Authors: Haddad, N , Fuchs, S , Hepburn, H Randall , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2009
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6844 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011047
- Description: A recent isolated population of Apis florea has been reported from Aqaba in Jordan at the Red Sea, consisting of numerous colonies within a still limited range which apparently is expanding. This region is about 1500 km apart from its next occurrences in Sudan where it had been introduced and first detected in 1985 and about 2000 km apart from its next natural occurrences in Iran and Oman. These bees apparently have been imported by human transport, most likely by ship. This new location thus represents a major jump in the progression of the species still to fill a wide area of possible locations offering adequate living conditions. Here we attempt to track the possible origin of this new population by morphometric methods. This analysis indicated closest relation to A. florea from Oman, thus being the most likely source of this population.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Haddad, N , Fuchs, S , Hepburn, H Randall , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2009
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6844 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011047
- Description: A recent isolated population of Apis florea has been reported from Aqaba in Jordan at the Red Sea, consisting of numerous colonies within a still limited range which apparently is expanding. This region is about 1500 km apart from its next occurrences in Sudan where it had been introduced and first detected in 1985 and about 2000 km apart from its next natural occurrences in Iran and Oman. These bees apparently have been imported by human transport, most likely by ship. This new location thus represents a major jump in the progression of the species still to fill a wide area of possible locations offering adequate living conditions. Here we attempt to track the possible origin of this new population by morphometric methods. This analysis indicated closest relation to A. florea from Oman, thus being the most likely source of this population.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Bee-hawking by the wasp, Vespa velutina, on the honeybees Apis cerana and A. mellifera
- Tan, K, Radloff, Sarah E, Li, J J, Hepburn, H Randall, Yang, Ming-Xian, Zhang, L J, Neumann, Peter
- Authors: Tan, K , Radloff, Sarah E , Li, J J , Hepburn, H Randall , Yang, Ming-Xian , Zhang, L J , Neumann, Peter
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6941 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011965
- Description: The vespine wasps, Vespa velutina, specialise in hawking honeybee foragers returning to their nests. We studied their behaviour in China using native Apis cerana and introduced A. mellifera colonies. When the wasps are hawking, A. cerana recruits threefold more guard bees to stave off predation than A. mellifera. The former also utilises wing shimmering as a visual pattern disruption mechanism, which is not shown by A. mellifera. A. cerana foragers halve the time of normal flight needed to dart into the nest entrance, while A. mellifera actually slows down in sashaying flight manoeuvres. V. velutina preferentially hawks A. mellifera foragers when both A. mellifera and A. cerana occur in the same apiary. The pace of wasp-hawking was highest in mid-summer but the frequency of hawking wasps was three times higher at A. mellifera colonies than at the A. cerana colonies. The wasps were taking A. mellifera foragers at a frequency eightfold greater than A. cerana foragers. The final hawking success rates of the wasps were about three times higher for A. mellifera foragers than for A. cerana. The relative success of native A. cerana over European A. mellifera in thwarting predation by the wasp V. velutina is interpreted as the result of co-evolution between the Asian wasp and honeybee, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Tan, K , Radloff, Sarah E , Li, J J , Hepburn, H Randall , Yang, Ming-Xian , Zhang, L J , Neumann, Peter
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6941 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011965
- Description: The vespine wasps, Vespa velutina, specialise in hawking honeybee foragers returning to their nests. We studied their behaviour in China using native Apis cerana and introduced A. mellifera colonies. When the wasps are hawking, A. cerana recruits threefold more guard bees to stave off predation than A. mellifera. The former also utilises wing shimmering as a visual pattern disruption mechanism, which is not shown by A. mellifera. A. cerana foragers halve the time of normal flight needed to dart into the nest entrance, while A. mellifera actually slows down in sashaying flight manoeuvres. V. velutina preferentially hawks A. mellifera foragers when both A. mellifera and A. cerana occur in the same apiary. The pace of wasp-hawking was highest in mid-summer but the frequency of hawking wasps was three times higher at A. mellifera colonies than at the A. cerana colonies. The wasps were taking A. mellifera foragers at a frequency eightfold greater than A. cerana foragers. The final hawking success rates of the wasps were about three times higher for A. mellifera foragers than for A. cerana. The relative success of native A. cerana over European A. mellifera in thwarting predation by the wasp V. velutina is interpreted as the result of co-evolution between the Asian wasp and honeybee, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Population structure of Apis mellifera scutellata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) filling the Uganda gap
- Radloff, Sarah E, Hepburn, H Randall
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452017 , vital:75095 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32956
- Description: Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae) extends from South Africa to Ethiopia but includes local populations of varying morphology. The honeybees of Uganda previously represented an important biogeographical gap in defining the population structure of A. m. scutellata, but have now been resolved by morphometric analyses of worker honeybees analysed with multivariate techniques. Honeybees of lower altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed one distinct morphocluster typical of A. m. scutellata throughout the continent, while those at higher altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed a separate distinct cluster of large, dark bees. The latter occur as an archipelago of mountain ecotypes of A. m. scutellata..
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452017 , vital:75095 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32956
- Description: Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae) extends from South Africa to Ethiopia but includes local populations of varying morphology. The honeybees of Uganda previously represented an important biogeographical gap in defining the population structure of A. m. scutellata, but have now been resolved by morphometric analyses of worker honeybees analysed with multivariate techniques. Honeybees of lower altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed one distinct morphocluster typical of A. m. scutellata throughout the continent, while those at higher altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed a separate distinct cluster of large, dark bees. The latter occur as an archipelago of mountain ecotypes of A. m. scutellata..
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Population structure of Apis mellifera scutellata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) filling the Uganda gap
- Radloff, Sarah E, Hepburn, H Randall
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452021 , vital:75096 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32956
- Description: Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae) extends from South Africa to Ethiopia but includes local populations of varying morphology. The honeybees of Uganda previously represented an important biogeographical gap in defining the population structure of A. m. scutellata, but have now been resolved by morphometric analyses of worker honeybees analysed with multivariate techniques. Honeybees of lower altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed one distinct morphocluster typical of A. m. scutellata throughout the continent, while those at higher altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed a separate distinct cluster of large, dark bees. The latter occur as an archipelago of mountain ecotypes of A. m. scutellata..
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452021 , vital:75096 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32956
- Description: Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae) extends from South Africa to Ethiopia but includes local populations of varying morphology. The honeybees of Uganda previously represented an important biogeographical gap in defining the population structure of A. m. scutellata, but have now been resolved by morphometric analyses of worker honeybees analysed with multivariate techniques. Honeybees of lower altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed one distinct morphocluster typical of A. m. scutellata throughout the continent, while those at higher altitudes (less than 2000 m) formed a separate distinct cluster of large, dark bees. The latter occur as an archipelago of mountain ecotypes of A. m. scutellata..
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), of equatorial Africa
- Radloff, Sarah E, Hepburn, H Randall
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451885 , vital:75083 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_364
- Description: Morphometric and flight dimensional characters of worker honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, from equatorial Gabon were analysed by multivariate methods to characterize the population. A single morphocluster and a single flight dimension cluster were obtained. When these bees were grouped together with those of other countries of the region, again a single morphoduster and flight cluster were obtained. All of the outlier samples were previously designated as Apis mellifera adansonii Latreille and completely surround the Gabon samples, establishing the same subspecies membership for the latter. The bees of Gabon are morphometrically more homogeneous than in any other area of Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451885 , vital:75083 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_364
- Description: Morphometric and flight dimensional characters of worker honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, from equatorial Gabon were analysed by multivariate methods to characterize the population. A single morphocluster and a single flight dimension cluster were obtained. When these bees were grouped together with those of other countries of the region, again a single morphoduster and flight cluster were obtained. All of the outlier samples were previously designated as Apis mellifera adansonii Latreille and completely surround the Gabon samples, establishing the same subspecies membership for the latter. The bees of Gabon are morphometrically more homogeneous than in any other area of Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
Multivariate analysis of honeybee populations, Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), from western central Africa morphometries and pheromones
- Radloff, Sarah E, Hepburn, H Randall
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451963 , vital:75091 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_298
- Description: Morphometric characters and sting pheromones of worker honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, were analysed by multivariate methods to characterize their populations along a transect through three ecological-climatological zones in Cameroon. There are three distinct homogeneous populations and two zones of hybridization. These bees are designated as A. m. adansollii Latreille whose area of distribution is intruded by an A. m. montieola-like montane group of bees and a third group, A. m. jemertitica Ruttner. The delineation of the hybrid zones is supported by intercolonial variance spectra and these significant asymmetries are coincident with transitions between the ecological-climatological zones.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451963 , vital:75091 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_298
- Description: Morphometric characters and sting pheromones of worker honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, were analysed by multivariate methods to characterize their populations along a transect through three ecological-climatological zones in Cameroon. There are three distinct homogeneous populations and two zones of hybridization. These bees are designated as A. m. adansollii Latreille whose area of distribution is intruded by an A. m. montieola-like montane group of bees and a third group, A. m. jemertitica Ruttner. The delineation of the hybrid zones is supported by intercolonial variance spectra and these significant asymmetries are coincident with transitions between the ecological-climatological zones.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
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