An archetypical analysis of chief executive officers in the mining sector according to their remuneration and company performance: a resource based view
- Authors: King, Matthew Sebastian
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Executives -- Salaries, etc. -- South Africa , Directors of corporations -- Salaries, etc. -- South Africa , Mining corporations -- Salaries, etc. -- South Africa , Mines and mineral resources -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/168503 , vital:41589
- Description: The growth in the mining sector post 1994 saw many CEO s enjoy exorbitant levels of financial prosperity particularly in relation to th e mining workforce . The pay disparity between the remuneration of CEO s and the average worker contributed to instability and labour unrest. While there has been extensive research conducted on the relationship between CEO remuneration and company performance, questions around the justification of exorbitant CEO remuneration levels have persisted. One of the shortcomings of these studies have been understanding company performance as limited to financial indicators. For this reason, Resource - Based theory was used in this study to focus on CEOs as tangible, heterogeneous and immobile assets, who could influence company performance by creating a firm’s competitive advantage. In order to investigate this, a mixed - method research design was utilised to ascertain the relationship between CEO remune ration and company performance. The data for the quantitative study was collected using an archival method by sourcing secondary data obtained from the sampled companie s’ annual integrated reports. Statistical tests were performed to test the relationsh ip between CEO remuneration and company performance of mining companies listed on the JSE over the period of 2014 to 2018. This was followed by the qualitative thematic analysis which utilised online information published about four CEOs sampled according to their pay/performance relationships (namely high earning/high performing; high earning/low performing; low earning/high performing and low earning/low performing). The VRIO framework was utilised in conjunction with the thematic analysis to assess the extent to which each of the selected CEOs could be identified as valuable, rare, inimitable and organised. Finally, t he demographic characteristics and leadership attributes of these CEOs were collectiv ely aligned to particular l eadership archetype s. This study found that despite company performance levels experiencing negative growth and volatility, CEO remuneration remained stable and experienced positive growth throughout the period . The qualitative analysis and the application of the VRIO framework wa s conducted in order to explor e reasons why this disparity may continue to exist. The analysis of the differences in demographic characteristics and leadership attributes between these four CEOs provided a possible j ustification for the disparity in t he levels of remuneration. It was found that some CEOs high levels of remuneration could be justified by virtue of their well - developed leadership skills. In particular CEOs need softer skills (such as communication, openness, relationship - building and stakeholder engagement) and to draw on the communicator, builder and coach archetypes in order to create a sustained competitive advantage within companies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
How to understand environmental water quality in water resources management
- Authors: Palmer, Carolyn G
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437951 , vital:73424 , ISBN 978-1 4312-0992-7 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/SP%20124-18%20web.pdf
- Description: We all depend on water for life, well-being and economic prosperity. In our homes water is used for drinking, cooking and washing. In our workplaces water is used for agriculture and industry. Water provides for recreation and our need for natural beauty, and it can be part of our spiritual awareness. Water is so important and is used in so many ways that if it is overused, we risk damaging our very life source. This happens when we take too much water out of aquatic ecosystems, and put in too much waste. The South African National Water Act (NWA) (No. 36 of 1998) rec-ognises that water resources are part of the integrated water cycle made up of wa-ter ecosystems– rivers, wetlands, lakes, dams, estuaries and groundwater – and the processes of precipitation, transpiration, infiltration and evaporation. Closely con-nected to the water cycle is the use that people make of water resources. The NWA promotes protection of water resources so that people can use water both now and into the future. Water is at the heart of “a better life for all”. This handbook focuses on environmental water quality (EWQ), in particular the use of water resources for waste disposal, and the effect that waste disposal has on ecosystems. The term wa-ter quality is used to describe the microbial, physical, chemical and radiological properties of water. These properties affect both ecosystem health and the “fitness for use” of the water.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Physiology and Spatio-temporal Relations of Nutrient Acquisition by Roots and Root Symbionts
- Authors: Valentine, Alex J , Kleinert, Aleysia , Thuynsma, Rochelle , Chimphango, Samson , Dames, Joanna F , Benedito, V A
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/448652 , vital:74749 , https://doi.org/10.1007/124_2016_11
- Description: Among the various functions of roots, nutrient acquisition (via soil uptake or through symbiotic relationships) is one of the most essential for land plants. Soil from natural and agricultural ecosystems may impede plant nutrient acquisition, by many factors such as mineral availabilities either in excess or deficient supply, depletion of organic matter, extreme variations in water supply, and many other physical and chemical features. In order to survive, plants need to undergo developmental and physiological mechanisms to cope with these extreme soil situations. Here we review how plants control nutrient acquisition by dynamically changing root architecture for improved soil space exploration, as well as altering cellular-level function for enhanced nutrient uptake, via apoplastic acidification, exudation of enzymes and metabolites (organic acids, secondary metabolites) and constantly changing the composition of transporters at the plasma membrane. These changes start with environmental cues which induce cell signaling and involve hormones and coordinated regulatory genes networks that drive the root’s developmental plasticity as well as the cell’s biochemical dynamics. Mutualistic root symbioses, such as mycorrhizae and rhizobial-induced nodulation, are also important to provide essential nutrients to the plant, which are tightly regulated in order to only occur at plant’s benefit. We also explore molecular mechanisms which roots have evolved to cope with nutritional, as well as other soil stresses, such as aluminium toxicity and heavy metals. Overall, understanding root dynamics under several environmental variables at different perspectives, from root architecture to biochemistry to genetic levels will allow us to better explore the spatial and temporal relations of roots with their mineral nutrient environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Critical realism, environmental learning and social-ecological change
- Authors: Price, Leigh , Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436952 , vital:73319 , ISBN 9781315660899 , https://www.routledge.com/Critical-Realism-Environmental-Learning-and-Social-Ecological-Change/Price-Lotz-Sistka/p/book/9780367597689
- Description: The contemporary social-ecological condition is characterized by power-ful changes in the way that we relate to each other and to the environ-ment. This has led to increased ecological vulnerability, which is also ac-companied by ongoing, and increased societal vulnerability. Nevertheless there remain opportunities for developing new social-ecological rela-tions, and for social-ecological learning and change. This would seem to require a strong project of recovering ontology, and a challenging and broadening of dominant ways of knowing (Mignolo, 2000) that also tend to commit what Bhaskar describes as the ‘epistemic fallacy’, or the ‘the analysis or reduction of being to knowledge of being’ (Bhaskar, 2010, p. 1). In response, Bhaskar (ibid.) suggests critical realism as an alternative that embodies a ‘compatibility of ontological realism, epistemological relativism and judgmental rationality’. This includes a ‘re-vindication of ontology’ and the possibility of recognizing and accounting for structure, difference and change in the world in ways that escape ontological actu-alism and ontological monovalence or ‘the generation of a purely positive account of reality’ (ibid., p. 15).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
2010 World Cup - Campaign for decent work
- Authors: BWI
- Date: Aug 2009
- Subjects: BWI
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135545 , vital:37274
- Description: The BWI is the global union federation grouping of free and democratic unions, with members in the » building, building materials, wood, forestry and allied sectors. The BWI groups together around 318 trade unions representing around 12 million members in 130 countries. The headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland. Regional and Project offices are located in Panama and Malaysia, South Africa, India, Australia, Burkina Faso, Bulgaria, Lebanon, Kenya, South Korea, Russia, Argentina, Peru and Brazil. Our mission is to promote the development of trade unions in our sectors throughout the world, and to promote and enforce workers' rights in the context of sustainable development. The President of the International is Klaus Wiesehugel from the Building and Forest Workers Union in Germany. The Deputy President is Stefaan Vantourenhout from the Building and Wood Workers union in Belgium and the General Secretary is Anita Normark from Sweden.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Aug 2009
The variability and predictability of the IRI shape parameters over Grahamstown, South Africa
- Authors: Chimidza, Oyapo
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Ionosphere -- Mathematical models -- South Africa , Atmosphere, Upper -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5496 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005282 , Ionosphere -- Mathematical models -- South Africa , Atmosphere, Upper -- South Africa
- Description: The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) shape parameters B0, B1, and D1 provide a representation of the shape of the F2 layer, the thickness of the F2 layer and the shape of the F1 layer of the ionosphere respectively. The aim of this study was to examine the variability of these parameters using Grahamstown, South Africa (33.3±S, 26.5±E) ionosonde data and determine their predictability by the IRI-2001 model. A further aim of this study was to investigate developing an alternative model for predicting these parameters. These parameters can be determined from electron density profiles that are inverted from ionograms recorded with an ionosonde. Data representing the B0, B1 and D1 parameters, with half hourly or hourly intervals, were scaled and deduced from the digital pulse sounder (DPS) ionosonde for the period April 1996 to December 2006. An analysis of the diurnal, seasonal, and solar variations of the behaviour of these parameters was undertaken for the years 2000, 2004 and 2005 using monthly medians. Comparisons between the observational results and that of the IRI model (IRI 2001 version) indicate that the IRI-2001 model does not accurately represent the diurnal and seasonal variation of the parameters. A preliminary model was thus developed using the technique of Neural Networks (NNs). All available data from the Grahamstown ionosonde from 1996 to 2006 were used in the training of the NNs and the prediction of the variation of the shape parameters. Inputs to the model were the day number, the hour of day, the solar activity and the magnetic index. Comparisons between the preliminary NN model and the IRI-2001 model indicated that the preliminary model was more accurate at the prediction of the parameters than the IRI-2001 model. This analysis showed the need to improve the existing IRI model or develop a new model for the South African region. This thesis describes the results from this feasibility study which show the variability and predictability of the IRI shape parameters.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Oomashayela phezulu:
- Authors: Mazibuko, Nokuthula , Kaschula, Russell H
- Date: 2004
- Language: Zulu
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/175323 , vital:42565 , ISBN 9781869284251
- Description: ‘Sam, khawuphole maan, thob'umoya. KungoLwesihlanu namhlanje, sakuba nalo ithuba elininzi ngomso lokuzithethelela ebazalini bethu! Ha, ha, ha!'wagigitheka uBrunette'Thatha nantsi icider, usele!'UBrunette wayonwabile, wayekuthanda futhi ekonwabela ngoku ukusela, kwaye ezi iicider zazingavakali ngathi butywala! Wayeziva efanelekile kwibhulukhwe yakhe ebomvu, ethe nca kuye emzimbeni kakuhle, nehempe awayeyinxibe ngentla ehambelana nayo, nezihlangu ezichophileyo awayezinxibile. Wagqiba kwangexesha ukuphotha iinwele zakhe ngoboya bomsila wehashe, elungele ipati eyayiza kuba ngobo busuku. Yayintle into yokuba abe woluka iinwele zabantu. Ngokwenza njalo wayezenzela.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
RDP white paper: discussion document
- Authors: South African Government
- Date: 1994-09
- Subjects: Reconstruction and Development Programme (South Africa) , South Africa -- Politics and government -- 1994 , South Africa -- Economic policy , South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69419 , vital:29520
- Description: My Government’s commitment to create a people-centred society of liberty binds us to the pursuit of the goals of freedom from want, freedom from hunger, freedom from deprivation, freedom from ignorance, freedom from suppression and freedom from fear. These freedoms are fundamental to the guarantee of human dignity. They will therefore constitute part of the centrepiece of what this Government will seek to achieve, the focal point on which our attention will be continuously focused. The things we have said constitute the true meaning, the justification and the purpose of the Reconstruction and Development Programme, without which it would lose all legitimacy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994-09
Anniversary Bulletin: 50th year of struggle... and the sgtruggle continues
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , South Africa -- History -- 20th century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34038 , vital:33178 , Bulk File 7
- Description: This is the 50th Anniversary Bulletin of the Unity Movement.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
A consideration of the usefulness of Medard Boss's approach to dream explication, in an attempt to reveal the potential for forward movement
- Authors: Hill, Patricia Margaret
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Boss, Medard, 1903-1990 , Dream interpretation -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3212 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012271 , Boss, Medard, 1903-1990 , Dream interpretation -- Case studies
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of using a Daseinsanalytic approach to dream explication in order to reveal the essential meaningfulness of behaviourial possibilities for the patient. After discussing the Daseinsanalytic view on dream explication, emphasizing Medard Boss's approach as the major exponent of this view, the study explores the usefulness and validity of the study as a method of investigating the dreams from this perspective. The dreams related in this study are examined individually, giving a phenomenological understanding of each and also providing a possible prospective focus for therapy. It will be shown that the phenomenological understanding of the patient's dreams corresponds with his subjective experience of his emotional existential situation and that any positive changes in the content of the dreams over time corresponds with observable and related changes in his behaviour, ideation and mood. However, if the suggested prospective focus of Medard Boss had been more usefully employed when each dream was explicated in the therapy sessions, it is felt that the progress of therapy would have been greatly enhanced. This study therefore concludes that the use of Medard Boss's approach to dream explication has not only a hermeneutic value in the process of therapy, but also aids the dreamer in becoming aware of the possible modes of behaviour yet unrevealed in his waking life.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1992
The status of the American bollworm, Heliothis armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), on sunflower in the central Transvaal
- Authors: Von Maltitz, Emil Friedrich
- Date: 1992
- Subjects: Helicoverpa armigera , Noctuidae -- South Africa -- Transvaal , Noctuidae , Sunflowers -- Diseases and pests
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5773 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005461 , Helicoverpa armigera , Noctuidae -- South Africa -- Transvaal , Noctuidae , Sunflowers -- Diseases and pests
- Description: Sunflower production in South Africa has increased four fold since the 1970's. This study was done to elucidate the pest status of Heliothis armigera (Hiibner) on sunflower. Field studies were undertaken at Warmbaths, Brits and Delmas during the summer seasons of 1988/89 to 1990/91. The infestations at the latter two areas were negligible throughout the study period and their statistics have not been included in this thesis. Plant development and oviposition by natural H. armigera populations were found to be correlated as, regardless of planting date, oviposition started at six to seven weeks after planting; when the flowering stage began. A peak in egg numbers was reached by the tenth week with an average for the three seasons at two eggs per plant. The eggs were laid singly on the bracts and bases of the flower buds. A peak in larval numbers was reached at the thirteenth week after planting with the average for the three seasons of 0,4 larvae per plant. The preferred feeding sites were on, between and under the bracts from where the larvae burrow into the pithy tissue of the receptacle. Only six percent of the larvae were found feeding directly on the achenes. Eggs and larvae collected were reared to determine the degree of parasitism. Overall, 19% of the eggs were parasitised; 18% by Telenomus ullyetti Nixon (Scelionidae) and one percent by Trichogrammatoidea lutea (Trichogrammatidae). Larval parasitism at Warmbaths was 23% in 1988/89, 27% in 1989/90 and 34% in 1990/91. Of the parasitised larvae, 44% succumbed to Palexorista prob. laxa (Tachinidae). The remainder were unidentified Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. Predators, such as chrysopids, were observed during the study but their effect on egg and larvae numbers was not studied in detail. A polyhedral virus occurred late in the seasons and caused mortality of the larvae. The low numbers of H. armigera on sunflower, the slight damage to the crop and the reasonably high rate of parasitism, all seem to indicate that H. armigera is not an economica1ly important pest of sunflower and that additional control methods are not justified.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1992
Lost generation found: black youth at leisure
- Authors: Moller, Valerie
- Date: 1991
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:542 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011554
- Description: South African society has been preoccupied with educating and finding jobs for its volatile youth generation. This Indicator SA special report looks beyond the institutional settings of school and work, focusing instead on how young people use their leisure time. The leisure prospects of black urban youth in their teens and early twenties has been researched by the Youth Centre Project (YCP) of the Centre for Social and Development Studies at the University of Natal. This seminal three year research and development project was carried out between 1988 and 1991 with sponsorship from Germany's Konrad Adenauer Foundation. Leisure might be considered a lightweight issue compared to other pressing problems in South African society. Not so, the YCP research shows that leisure has an important role to play in developing the new South Africa. Indeed, leisure is a critical issue for the youth which can either spell hope and opportunity or frustration and regression into crime and violence. Multiple phases of research were undertaken at the national and local level among rank and file black youth to address the many facets of leisure in township and peri-urban settings: • A nationwide time use survey recorded the leisure activities of young people in the 16-24 years age bracket and inquired into attitudes towards leisure and lifestyles. The study for which participants kept activity diaries, may be the first of its kind in South Africa. • Smaller scale investigations in the Durban Functional Region (DFR) looked into the leisure resources available and the human potential to make optimal use of leisure opportunities: • Youth groups and clubs operating in the DFR were the focus of a special youth self-help intervention. A regional youth group, the YCP Working Group, formed to serve the training and development needs of existing youth clubs in the DFR. • A special study was made of the particular leisure needs of young people living in four shack areas in the DFR. Several studies focused on venues for youth to meet, including the need for a regional youth centre in the Pinetown area. An inventory of DFR leisure facilities compiled for the project revealed the mismatch between existing leisure facilities and young people's views on ideal leisure venues. • A nationwide poll among all population groups confirmed the need for multi-purpose neighbourhood youth centres which offer educational as well as recreational leisure outlets. This special report addresses several leisure dilemmas facing South Africa today. Leisure is an elusive concept which is difficult to define. Our findings indicate that leisure means much more than recreation or play to young people. Educational and learning experiences are attractive but neglected leisure options which may have greater appeal than pure recreational pastimes. The evidence suggests that this is not 'a lost generation' but one starved for meaningful leisure outlets. Semi-leisure is the concept introduced to convey this more serious side to leisure activities. The inquiry concludes that marrying semi-leisure with pure leisure may go a long way towards meeting youth demands for constructive leisure at home, in youth groups, and in community centres and projects. The research findings reveal tensions between the leisure needs of young men and women, between youth in and out of jobs, between church and politicised youth, and between township and shackland youth. The dilemma is how to apply an equity solution to meet the spare time needs of youth from these diverse backgrounds. Airing these leisure dilemmas represents an important first step towards formulating a leisure policy for the new era. The case studies and commentaries in this special report demonstrate that rank and file black youth, in spite of the political violence, state repression during the emergency period, and social neglect, are amazingly adept at using their leisure creatively. Clearly, this potential calls for the formulation of an equally imaginative national leisure policy to enable South African youth to realise their dreams and aspirations. , A joint publication: Youth Centre Project, Indicator Project South Africa. Youth Centre Project: Affiliate of the Centre for Social and Development Studies, University of Natal, Durban. Editor: Graham Howe. Production/ graphics: Rob Evans. Academic researcher: Robin Richards. Community researcher: Theresa Mthembu. Copy typing: Deborah Boertje.
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- Date Issued: 1991
Wage negotiations workbook
- Authors: Workers' Education Project
- Date: 19--?
- Subjects: Labour unions -- South Africa , Wages , Employee fringe benefits -- South Africa , Collective bargaining -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , pamphlet
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/111129 , vital:33388
- Description: A house that is built on a weak foundation cannot stand. The same is true of a union that is entering the negotiations. A union's foundations for effective and successful bargaining must be built a long time before the negotiations with the employer begins. Many unions fight hard to gain recognition with employers; and then fail miserably in negotiations because they did not make even the simplest basic preparations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 19--?