Treatment adherence among tuberculosis patients in Nelson Mandela District, Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Sohuma, Ntombifikile
- Date: 2019-09
- Subjects: Patient compliance , Tuberculosis -- Patients , Tuberculosis -- Mortality
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22957 , vital:53254
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) morbidity and mortality rates remain high globally and are even higher in Africa. The key factor that continues to drive the burden of disease is poor compliance / adherence to treatment regimens. This study aimed to identify determinants that continue to drive poor treatment adherence among low-income communities in South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted, drawing on TB patients who were defaulting on treatment. An assessment tool with several socio-economic and disease-related determinants was administered to participants. Data was entered into MS Excel and analysed in SPSS version 24. Results Regarding health services factors generally, all participants agreed that health service delivery was conducted in a conducive environment and that facilities were reasonably close to their places of residence. Participants demonstrated that health workers do not provide adequate information regarding medications that patients receive. Of patients cited, 11percent indicated that they stopped medications owing to health services. When questioned, participants reported that health workers shouted at them for coming late (e.g. after lunch) and that waiting times were very long. Approximately 85percent of the study participants were more likely to adhere poorly to TB medication owing to various factors such as comorbidities and personal perceptions of wellbeing / health status. Comorbidities are high among patients, with 58percent taking other medication while on TB treatment. Self-prognosis on wellbeing is significantly high, and 44percent reported a tendency to stop medication when they were seemingly in recovery. The unemployment rate among respondents was 78percent, with limited education: 69percent had below matric. Of the respondents, 40percent showed an unsatisfactory perception of their social and economic life, 55percent were somewhat satisfied and only 5percent were very satisfied. These indicators constitute a highly vulnerable community that depends heavily on subsidised healthcare from the state. Adherence to TB treatment is mainly influenced by poverty, the health service provider–patient relationship and perceived stigma. Limited family support was noted towards the treatment of patients. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-09
- Authors: Sohuma, Ntombifikile
- Date: 2019-09
- Subjects: Patient compliance , Tuberculosis -- Patients , Tuberculosis -- Mortality
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22957 , vital:53254
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) morbidity and mortality rates remain high globally and are even higher in Africa. The key factor that continues to drive the burden of disease is poor compliance / adherence to treatment regimens. This study aimed to identify determinants that continue to drive poor treatment adherence among low-income communities in South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted, drawing on TB patients who were defaulting on treatment. An assessment tool with several socio-economic and disease-related determinants was administered to participants. Data was entered into MS Excel and analysed in SPSS version 24. Results Regarding health services factors generally, all participants agreed that health service delivery was conducted in a conducive environment and that facilities were reasonably close to their places of residence. Participants demonstrated that health workers do not provide adequate information regarding medications that patients receive. Of patients cited, 11percent indicated that they stopped medications owing to health services. When questioned, participants reported that health workers shouted at them for coming late (e.g. after lunch) and that waiting times were very long. Approximately 85percent of the study participants were more likely to adhere poorly to TB medication owing to various factors such as comorbidities and personal perceptions of wellbeing / health status. Comorbidities are high among patients, with 58percent taking other medication while on TB treatment. Self-prognosis on wellbeing is significantly high, and 44percent reported a tendency to stop medication when they were seemingly in recovery. The unemployment rate among respondents was 78percent, with limited education: 69percent had below matric. Of the respondents, 40percent showed an unsatisfactory perception of their social and economic life, 55percent were somewhat satisfied and only 5percent were very satisfied. These indicators constitute a highly vulnerable community that depends heavily on subsidised healthcare from the state. Adherence to TB treatment is mainly influenced by poverty, the health service provider–patient relationship and perceived stigma. Limited family support was noted towards the treatment of patients. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-09
GeoGebra as a Manipulative Tool in Providing Processes of Circle Geometry in Grade 11: A Case of One School in OR Tambo Inland District
- Authors: Marange, Israel Yeukai
- Date: 2019-06
- Subjects: Great circle (Geometry)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6593 , vital:47152
- Description: The aim of this study was to establish the influence of using GeoGebra as a manipulative tool in providing processes of Grade 11 circle geometry at one school in OR Tambo Inland. The study adopted a quantitative approach and utilised the quasi-experimental research design. The sample consisted of 107 Grade 11 mathematics learners. Sixty (60) learners were in the experimental group and 47 in the control group. Pre-test and post-test, and likert-scaled questionnaires were used as instruments. Reliability and validity were ensured through test-retest, as well as member checking and a pilot study. All ethical requirements were followed. Findings revealed that pre-test results did not show much difference in the performance of experimental and control groups. After using GeoGebra, it statistically emerged that control group respondents performed lower than the experimental group. Findings obtained from the questionnaire also showed similar patterns. The study also found that participants who learnt circle geometry using GeoGebra were significantly motivated and that GeoGebra allowed learners to be exceedingly creative and discover skills of solving geometry problems by themselves. The positive impact of using GeoGebra resulted in significant differences on academic performance. Based on gender, more females compared to males agreed that GeoGebra was an effective manipulative tool in learning circle geometry. Interestingly, boys performed better than girls in the post-test. The study concluded that students who used GeoGebra showed higher ability in conceptual knowledge compared to students who used conventional methods. It also concluded that GeoGebra had positive effects on learners’ understanding as learners became significantly active and responsible for their own learning process as the software allows a self-learning process. Recommendations included the need for teachers to use the latest technology and to vary their methods of teaching to motivate learners. There is also a need for a workable alternative opposed to the rigid axiomatic approaches to circle geometry to facilitate and enhance learners’ ability to make and test conjectures. Curriculum planners and subject specialists need to emphasise on education systems that shift teaching and learning away from the traditional methods and emphasise on learning rules for manipulating geometry problems. , Thesis (M.Ed) -- Faculty of Education Sciences, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-06
- Authors: Marange, Israel Yeukai
- Date: 2019-06
- Subjects: Great circle (Geometry)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6593 , vital:47152
- Description: The aim of this study was to establish the influence of using GeoGebra as a manipulative tool in providing processes of Grade 11 circle geometry at one school in OR Tambo Inland. The study adopted a quantitative approach and utilised the quasi-experimental research design. The sample consisted of 107 Grade 11 mathematics learners. Sixty (60) learners were in the experimental group and 47 in the control group. Pre-test and post-test, and likert-scaled questionnaires were used as instruments. Reliability and validity were ensured through test-retest, as well as member checking and a pilot study. All ethical requirements were followed. Findings revealed that pre-test results did not show much difference in the performance of experimental and control groups. After using GeoGebra, it statistically emerged that control group respondents performed lower than the experimental group. Findings obtained from the questionnaire also showed similar patterns. The study also found that participants who learnt circle geometry using GeoGebra were significantly motivated and that GeoGebra allowed learners to be exceedingly creative and discover skills of solving geometry problems by themselves. The positive impact of using GeoGebra resulted in significant differences on academic performance. Based on gender, more females compared to males agreed that GeoGebra was an effective manipulative tool in learning circle geometry. Interestingly, boys performed better than girls in the post-test. The study concluded that students who used GeoGebra showed higher ability in conceptual knowledge compared to students who used conventional methods. It also concluded that GeoGebra had positive effects on learners’ understanding as learners became significantly active and responsible for their own learning process as the software allows a self-learning process. Recommendations included the need for teachers to use the latest technology and to vary their methods of teaching to motivate learners. There is also a need for a workable alternative opposed to the rigid axiomatic approaches to circle geometry to facilitate and enhance learners’ ability to make and test conjectures. Curriculum planners and subject specialists need to emphasise on education systems that shift teaching and learning away from the traditional methods and emphasise on learning rules for manipulating geometry problems. , Thesis (M.Ed) -- Faculty of Education Sciences, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-06
Perceptions of the community members on agriculture as a poverty alleviation strategy: a case study of tamara administrative area
- Nqana, Bongani https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5074-4862
- Authors: Nqana, Bongani https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5074-4862
- Date: 2019-06
- Subjects: Poverty -- Prevention , Community-supported agriculture , Community development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26951 , vital:66205
- Description: This study is conducted to address the perceptions, opinions, and feelings of rural community members with regard to agriculture as poverty alleviation strategy at Tamarha Administrative area, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The study intended to uncover the community members feelings, reactions, opinions they might be having as the area is no longer relying on agriculture as their source of income as well as their poverty alleviation strategy as well as the impact it is having on their everyday life. Lastly, the study sought to examine support services rendered by the professionals working directly with communities to ensure development in rural areas. The researcher adopted both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Purposive and snowball sampling was employed to recruit 20 community members from Tamarha Administrative area. The age of the community members was between 25 and 65. In addition, purposive sampling was adopted to recruit six professionals who are directly working in developing community members. Data was collected using face-to-face, semistructured individual interviews, one interview per research participant, and using one focus group discussion with professionals working with. Regarding quantitative method, the researcher has utilized questionnaires to collect data The researcher analysed data through thematic content analysis for qualitative method as well as SSPS for quantitative method. The study findings indicate that youth are not interested in agriculture and only elders who have been involved in agriculture that are seeing the value and importance of using agriculture again. Majority of the community members especially (elders) are seeing agriculture as poverty alleviation strategy, and that they have benefited a lot from agriculture as most people were working and had income. There were few youths who were not working nor schooling and there was low rate of crime and low rate of drug abuse. The youth seemingly are having different perception and opinions about agriculture as they are not familiar with the system. The recommendations from the findings that there should be continuous empowerment in skills development from professionals working with agriculture. The government departments who are directly funding the agricultural projects, should monitor and evaluate the projects to ensure sustainability to the agricultural projects. The youth should be encouraged to use the resources that are available within the community. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-06
- Authors: Nqana, Bongani https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5074-4862
- Date: 2019-06
- Subjects: Poverty -- Prevention , Community-supported agriculture , Community development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26951 , vital:66205
- Description: This study is conducted to address the perceptions, opinions, and feelings of rural community members with regard to agriculture as poverty alleviation strategy at Tamarha Administrative area, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The study intended to uncover the community members feelings, reactions, opinions they might be having as the area is no longer relying on agriculture as their source of income as well as their poverty alleviation strategy as well as the impact it is having on their everyday life. Lastly, the study sought to examine support services rendered by the professionals working directly with communities to ensure development in rural areas. The researcher adopted both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Purposive and snowball sampling was employed to recruit 20 community members from Tamarha Administrative area. The age of the community members was between 25 and 65. In addition, purposive sampling was adopted to recruit six professionals who are directly working in developing community members. Data was collected using face-to-face, semistructured individual interviews, one interview per research participant, and using one focus group discussion with professionals working with. Regarding quantitative method, the researcher has utilized questionnaires to collect data The researcher analysed data through thematic content analysis for qualitative method as well as SSPS for quantitative method. The study findings indicate that youth are not interested in agriculture and only elders who have been involved in agriculture that are seeing the value and importance of using agriculture again. Majority of the community members especially (elders) are seeing agriculture as poverty alleviation strategy, and that they have benefited a lot from agriculture as most people were working and had income. There were few youths who were not working nor schooling and there was low rate of crime and low rate of drug abuse. The youth seemingly are having different perception and opinions about agriculture as they are not familiar with the system. The recommendations from the findings that there should be continuous empowerment in skills development from professionals working with agriculture. The government departments who are directly funding the agricultural projects, should monitor and evaluate the projects to ensure sustainability to the agricultural projects. The youth should be encouraged to use the resources that are available within the community. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-06
Investigating grade 6 teachers’ views and practices regarding creating an intellectually safe classroom environment
- Authors: Damana, Yanga
- Date: 2019-05
- Subjects: Classroom environment , Classroom management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19947 , vital:44808
- Description: An intellectually safe classroom (ISC) is essential for teaching and learning to occur. The aim of this study was to investigate Grade 6 teachers’ views and practices regarding the creation of intellectually safe classroom environments. The paradigm that was used in the study was the interpretive paradigm and the research approach was qualitative. A case study design was used. Three Mdantsane primary schools was purposively selected and two Grade 6 teachers from each school were the participants. Semi structured interviews and observations were used to collect data. The research found that participants are cognizant of the need to develop ISC. They define ISC as a classroom that is both emotionally and physically safe for learning to occur. The participants are very conversant with the benefits of ISC. Most of the teachers purposefully tried to implement ISC. This included the establishment of classroom rules, and they acknowledged the role that the teacher plays in setting up an ISC and the manner in which they establish trust and co-operation within their classrooms. However, they are often constrained in their implementation of ISC by their own teaching styles and by factors outside of their control. This emphasised the pivotal role that teachers have in the establishment of an ISC. It is recommended that ISC be implemented in all classrooms with the entire school community working together to do so. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-05
- Authors: Damana, Yanga
- Date: 2019-05
- Subjects: Classroom environment , Classroom management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19947 , vital:44808
- Description: An intellectually safe classroom (ISC) is essential for teaching and learning to occur. The aim of this study was to investigate Grade 6 teachers’ views and practices regarding the creation of intellectually safe classroom environments. The paradigm that was used in the study was the interpretive paradigm and the research approach was qualitative. A case study design was used. Three Mdantsane primary schools was purposively selected and two Grade 6 teachers from each school were the participants. Semi structured interviews and observations were used to collect data. The research found that participants are cognizant of the need to develop ISC. They define ISC as a classroom that is both emotionally and physically safe for learning to occur. The participants are very conversant with the benefits of ISC. Most of the teachers purposefully tried to implement ISC. This included the establishment of classroom rules, and they acknowledged the role that the teacher plays in setting up an ISC and the manner in which they establish trust and co-operation within their classrooms. However, they are often constrained in their implementation of ISC by their own teaching styles and by factors outside of their control. This emphasised the pivotal role that teachers have in the establishment of an ISC. It is recommended that ISC be implemented in all classrooms with the entire school community working together to do so. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-05
A social networking approach to security awareness in end-user cyber-driven financial transactions
- Authors: Maharaj,Rahul
- Date: 2019-04
- Subjects: Internet -- Security measures , Cyber intelligence (Computer security) , Internet -- Social aspects , Cyberspace
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/49952 , vital:41912
- Description: Cyberspace, including the internet and associated technologies have become critical to social users in their day to day lives. Social users have grown to become reliant on cyberspace and associated cyber services. As such, a culture of users becoming dependent on cyberspace has formed. This cyberculture need to ensure that they can make use of cyberspace and associated cyber services in a safe and secure manner. This is particularly true for those social users involved in cyberdriven financial transactions. Therefore, the aim of this research study is to report on research undertaken, to assist said users by providing them with an alternative educational approach to cyber security, education, awareness and training. , Thesis (MIT) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, Information Technology, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-04
- Authors: Maharaj,Rahul
- Date: 2019-04
- Subjects: Internet -- Security measures , Cyber intelligence (Computer security) , Internet -- Social aspects , Cyberspace
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/49952 , vital:41912
- Description: Cyberspace, including the internet and associated technologies have become critical to social users in their day to day lives. Social users have grown to become reliant on cyberspace and associated cyber services. As such, a culture of users becoming dependent on cyberspace has formed. This cyberculture need to ensure that they can make use of cyberspace and associated cyber services in a safe and secure manner. This is particularly true for those social users involved in cyberdriven financial transactions. Therefore, the aim of this research study is to report on research undertaken, to assist said users by providing them with an alternative educational approach to cyber security, education, awareness and training. , Thesis (MIT) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, Information Technology, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019-04
Experiences of midwives regarding the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain interventions in Lejweleputswa district in Free State
- Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Authors: Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Anesthesia in obstetrics , Labor (Obstetrics) , Pain -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27187 , vital:66387
- Description: Due to the disabling effects of severe labour pains, labour pain management remains an important topic in midwifery and needs to be reviewed more often. According to studies, various pain relief options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are available to help women cope with pain, but midwives did not employ these techniques adequately because of various experiences. Studies further indicate that, though the limited number of these techniques were employed they were not effective on some women. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to explore and describe midwives’ experiences on pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The target population was midwives who work in the maternity wards of the institutions under study with three to five years’ experience in midwifery. Individual, face-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted; these were recorded for the researcher’s reference purposes, so as not to overlook important information. In addition, the researcher made use of field notes, recording in them what was heard, observed, felt, experienced, and thought during the interview. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout this study. Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the interviews. The nine themes and 19 sub-themes that emerged during data analysis were discussed comprehensively. The findings indicate that midwives use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Some methods are effective in relieving pain for certain mothers, while other methods proved ineffective. Midwives administer Pethidine and Phenergan as per doctors’ prescription; non-pharmacological methods, such as back massage, deep breathing exercises, mobilisation, and warm baths or showers are also employed. Midwives provide pharmacological methods to all women in labour, and routinely employ non-pharmacological methods. Although the midwives are willing to manage patients’ pain, they face certain challenges, such as shortage of staff, increased workload, as well as inadequate resources. This leads to inadequate provision of non-pharmacological care. In conclusion, the midwives’ experiences were that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques were used for all labouring women and they had relaxing and calming effects on some women, resulting to them giving birth with ease, although for some they were not effective. In addition, the pharmacological interventions caused drowsiness to some women and babies. The findings will provide evidence-based information to the Free State Department of Health in order to assist policymakers and stakeholders in initiating and developing appropriate policies, guidelines, and interventions that can improve labour pain management. The Free State Department of Health should consider using other opioids and non-opioids in managing labour pain to broaden the scope of pain relief methods available to the midwives. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Anesthesia in obstetrics , Labor (Obstetrics) , Pain -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27187 , vital:66387
- Description: Due to the disabling effects of severe labour pains, labour pain management remains an important topic in midwifery and needs to be reviewed more often. According to studies, various pain relief options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are available to help women cope with pain, but midwives did not employ these techniques adequately because of various experiences. Studies further indicate that, though the limited number of these techniques were employed they were not effective on some women. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to explore and describe midwives’ experiences on pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The target population was midwives who work in the maternity wards of the institutions under study with three to five years’ experience in midwifery. Individual, face-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted; these were recorded for the researcher’s reference purposes, so as not to overlook important information. In addition, the researcher made use of field notes, recording in them what was heard, observed, felt, experienced, and thought during the interview. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout this study. Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the interviews. The nine themes and 19 sub-themes that emerged during data analysis were discussed comprehensively. The findings indicate that midwives use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Some methods are effective in relieving pain for certain mothers, while other methods proved ineffective. Midwives administer Pethidine and Phenergan as per doctors’ prescription; non-pharmacological methods, such as back massage, deep breathing exercises, mobilisation, and warm baths or showers are also employed. Midwives provide pharmacological methods to all women in labour, and routinely employ non-pharmacological methods. Although the midwives are willing to manage patients’ pain, they face certain challenges, such as shortage of staff, increased workload, as well as inadequate resources. This leads to inadequate provision of non-pharmacological care. In conclusion, the midwives’ experiences were that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques were used for all labouring women and they had relaxing and calming effects on some women, resulting to them giving birth with ease, although for some they were not effective. In addition, the pharmacological interventions caused drowsiness to some women and babies. The findings will provide evidence-based information to the Free State Department of Health in order to assist policymakers and stakeholders in initiating and developing appropriate policies, guidelines, and interventions that can improve labour pain management. The Free State Department of Health should consider using other opioids and non-opioids in managing labour pain to broaden the scope of pain relief methods available to the midwives. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Factors to improve data quality of electronic medical records
- Authors: Makeleni, Noloyiso Anele
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Electronic records , Medical records -- Management , Medical records -- Data processing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19881 , vital:43618
- Description: Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems have been identified as having the potential to improve health care and allow the health care sector to reap a number of benefits when implemented successfully. These benefits include enabling quick and easy access to patient files and also reducing the problem of misplaced or lost patient files. Such EMRs allow for patient records to be up to date, provided that health care practitioners capture standard and consistent data in the relevant fields. In Africa, there are only a few countries that have successfully implemented EMR systems due to social and technological challenges. Social factors include lack of computer skilled health workers, lack of adequate training, physician’s resistance to shift from using paper records to electronic records, either due to complex systems or the fear of being replaced by the systems. On the other hand, the technological factors include lack of Information Technology (IT) and clinical resources, lack of internet access, financial barriers to purchase the necessary technological hardware and implementation costs. A few South African health care institutions have implemented EMR systems, however, most of the public health care facilities still make use of a manual system to capture patient information. In the case where public health care facilities do have an EMR system implemented, there are problems with the consistency of the data that is captured. The inconsistency is caused by the different understandings that the health care professionals have regarding the importance of capturing the necessary information that is collected at various points in health care institutions, thus affecting data quality. For the successful implementation and use of EMR systems, everything within the health care organisation should be integrated. In other words, the steering committee and workgroup, the equipment, the product, the processes, the system and the facility design and construction should be incorporated to work together. The common problems identified in literature regarding data quality in EMRs include misspelled words, inconsistent word strings, inaccurate information entered on the record and incompleteness of the record. These problems lead to poor quality information, lack of accessibility of the record, poorly organised notes and inaccurate information about the patient. The South African strategy aims to implement a National Health Insurance (NHI) which will provide citizens with equitable access to health care. For the successful implementation of the NHI strategy, South African health care sectors should address the barriers which were identified and learn from other African countries that have successfully implemented EMR systems and had positive outcomes. Therefore, this study investigates how data quality can be improved on electronic medical records in public health care in South Africa? The qualitative research methodology approach was used for this study. Interviews were conducted with eight health care professionals at Klerksdorp, in the North West province to obtain data regarding the factors they would deem important for the improvement of data quality in EMRs. The Data Quality Framework (DQF) was applied in this study and six dimensions were identified as the factors to improve data quality. These dimensions include completeness, accuracy, consistency, conformity, timeliness, and integrity. From the analysis of the interview responses, it was discovered that there were, in fact, data quality issues experienced at the public health care facilities of South Africa. A need was identified for the use of data quality assessment tools and solutions to address the data quality issues or challenges that health care practitioners are faced with during their daily jobs. Seven barriers were also identified as having an impact on the successful implementation of EMRs at health care institutions. These barriers, together with the data quality issues, influence the successful use of EMRs and should not be overlooked. From these barriers the study developed seven Critical Success Factors which can be used by the National Department of Health to improve the quality of EMRs. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Makeleni, Noloyiso Anele
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Electronic records , Medical records -- Management , Medical records -- Data processing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19881 , vital:43618
- Description: Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems have been identified as having the potential to improve health care and allow the health care sector to reap a number of benefits when implemented successfully. These benefits include enabling quick and easy access to patient files and also reducing the problem of misplaced or lost patient files. Such EMRs allow for patient records to be up to date, provided that health care practitioners capture standard and consistent data in the relevant fields. In Africa, there are only a few countries that have successfully implemented EMR systems due to social and technological challenges. Social factors include lack of computer skilled health workers, lack of adequate training, physician’s resistance to shift from using paper records to electronic records, either due to complex systems or the fear of being replaced by the systems. On the other hand, the technological factors include lack of Information Technology (IT) and clinical resources, lack of internet access, financial barriers to purchase the necessary technological hardware and implementation costs. A few South African health care institutions have implemented EMR systems, however, most of the public health care facilities still make use of a manual system to capture patient information. In the case where public health care facilities do have an EMR system implemented, there are problems with the consistency of the data that is captured. The inconsistency is caused by the different understandings that the health care professionals have regarding the importance of capturing the necessary information that is collected at various points in health care institutions, thus affecting data quality. For the successful implementation and use of EMR systems, everything within the health care organisation should be integrated. In other words, the steering committee and workgroup, the equipment, the product, the processes, the system and the facility design and construction should be incorporated to work together. The common problems identified in literature regarding data quality in EMRs include misspelled words, inconsistent word strings, inaccurate information entered on the record and incompleteness of the record. These problems lead to poor quality information, lack of accessibility of the record, poorly organised notes and inaccurate information about the patient. The South African strategy aims to implement a National Health Insurance (NHI) which will provide citizens with equitable access to health care. For the successful implementation of the NHI strategy, South African health care sectors should address the barriers which were identified and learn from other African countries that have successfully implemented EMR systems and had positive outcomes. Therefore, this study investigates how data quality can be improved on electronic medical records in public health care in South Africa? The qualitative research methodology approach was used for this study. Interviews were conducted with eight health care professionals at Klerksdorp, in the North West province to obtain data regarding the factors they would deem important for the improvement of data quality in EMRs. The Data Quality Framework (DQF) was applied in this study and six dimensions were identified as the factors to improve data quality. These dimensions include completeness, accuracy, consistency, conformity, timeliness, and integrity. From the analysis of the interview responses, it was discovered that there were, in fact, data quality issues experienced at the public health care facilities of South Africa. A need was identified for the use of data quality assessment tools and solutions to address the data quality issues or challenges that health care practitioners are faced with during their daily jobs. Seven barriers were also identified as having an impact on the successful implementation of EMRs at health care institutions. These barriers, together with the data quality issues, influence the successful use of EMRs and should not be overlooked. From these barriers the study developed seven Critical Success Factors which can be used by the National Department of Health to improve the quality of EMRs. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The role of local economic development in the empowerment of women in rural areas : the case of Makana Municipality
- Authors: Hani, Nomkita Octavia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development , Women in development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19772 , vital:43237
- Description: The aim of the study was to explore the role of Local economic development (LED) in empowering rural women in Makana Municipally. The researcher intended to achieve the following objectives (i) to assess the role of LED among the rural women of Makana Municipality in strengthening economic development ii) to explore the LED challenges confronted by the community and the municipality in the implementation of economic empowerment programs that will create economic opportunities for rural women iii) to identify the way forward in enhancing the LED strategy to empower rural women to enable them participate in economic programs of the local Municipality that will benefit them and the community. The study adopted a qualitative approach and purposive sampling methods which were used to select samples for the study. Open ended questions were used in face to face interviews and focus groups to collect data in Makana Municipality. The study findings indicated that while women are part LED activities in the Makana municipality, the benefits that accrue to them are still minimal and trickling down to very few of them because of egoism and nepotism, corruption and crime, favouritism and poor communication. There is a great need for interventions requiring regular visits from LED officials and provision of educational programs in the local language, to enable the women to have a clear understanding of the benefits that accrue to them from LED projects, notwithstanding the opportunities open to them for participation. The study then proposed recommendations to empower women which include making resources available for their empowerment, such as, the provision of skill development programs, knowledge and information distribution, reviewing of the LED policy, infrastructure development and access to markets. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Hani, Nomkita Octavia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development , Women in development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19772 , vital:43237
- Description: The aim of the study was to explore the role of Local economic development (LED) in empowering rural women in Makana Municipally. The researcher intended to achieve the following objectives (i) to assess the role of LED among the rural women of Makana Municipality in strengthening economic development ii) to explore the LED challenges confronted by the community and the municipality in the implementation of economic empowerment programs that will create economic opportunities for rural women iii) to identify the way forward in enhancing the LED strategy to empower rural women to enable them participate in economic programs of the local Municipality that will benefit them and the community. The study adopted a qualitative approach and purposive sampling methods which were used to select samples for the study. Open ended questions were used in face to face interviews and focus groups to collect data in Makana Municipality. The study findings indicated that while women are part LED activities in the Makana municipality, the benefits that accrue to them are still minimal and trickling down to very few of them because of egoism and nepotism, corruption and crime, favouritism and poor communication. There is a great need for interventions requiring regular visits from LED officials and provision of educational programs in the local language, to enable the women to have a clear understanding of the benefits that accrue to them from LED projects, notwithstanding the opportunities open to them for participation. The study then proposed recommendations to empower women which include making resources available for their empowerment, such as, the provision of skill development programs, knowledge and information distribution, reviewing of the LED policy, infrastructure development and access to markets. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
A critical examination of the regulation of fixed term employment services under South African Labour Laws
- Authors: Faku, Xolisa
- Date: 2018-12
- Subjects: Labor laws and legislation , Labor contract , Industrial relations
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23034 , vital:55101
- Description: South Africa is the most unequal society on the planet, overwhelming Brazil, with a critical increment in wage inequalities. In a quest to reduce unemployment, this research is at the focal point of our nation's activity emergency. In any case, there ought to be components to ensure representation against oppressive work rehearses. The Labour Relations Act denoted a noteworthy change in South Africa's statutory modern relations framework. Following the progress to political majority rule government, the LRA embodied the new government's means to remake and democratize the economy and society as connected in the work relations field. Specifically, it presented new organizations went for giving managers and labourers a chance to break with the serious adversarialism that portrayed their relations before. In extending the equitable change, the Labour Relations Act which offered ascend to the foundation of the National Economic Development and Labour Council (NEDLAC) appeared on 18 February 1995, in an offer to add authenticity and straightforwardness to the financial basic leadership process. This research will investigate the law representing fixed term employment in South Africa. It will further give an investigation of the legitimate framework of fixed term representative keeping in mind the end goal to decide if it advances not too bad work in South Africa. This investigation intends to call attention to any substantive and procedural imperfections that might be accessible in the law. The study will likewise be taking the potential lessons which can be gained from different nations with comparative Fixed-term work challenges i.e. Namibia. This implies the examination will survey the current zone of law and propose an alternate approach. This will be finished by investigating important case law and enactments which secure settled term business. In certainty, the investigation intends to give new point of view regarding the matter of fixed term work and proffer a few changes to the law. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Law, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-12
- Authors: Faku, Xolisa
- Date: 2018-12
- Subjects: Labor laws and legislation , Labor contract , Industrial relations
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23034 , vital:55101
- Description: South Africa is the most unequal society on the planet, overwhelming Brazil, with a critical increment in wage inequalities. In a quest to reduce unemployment, this research is at the focal point of our nation's activity emergency. In any case, there ought to be components to ensure representation against oppressive work rehearses. The Labour Relations Act denoted a noteworthy change in South Africa's statutory modern relations framework. Following the progress to political majority rule government, the LRA embodied the new government's means to remake and democratize the economy and society as connected in the work relations field. Specifically, it presented new organizations went for giving managers and labourers a chance to break with the serious adversarialism that portrayed their relations before. In extending the equitable change, the Labour Relations Act which offered ascend to the foundation of the National Economic Development and Labour Council (NEDLAC) appeared on 18 February 1995, in an offer to add authenticity and straightforwardness to the financial basic leadership process. This research will investigate the law representing fixed term employment in South Africa. It will further give an investigation of the legitimate framework of fixed term representative keeping in mind the end goal to decide if it advances not too bad work in South Africa. This investigation intends to call attention to any substantive and procedural imperfections that might be accessible in the law. The study will likewise be taking the potential lessons which can be gained from different nations with comparative Fixed-term work challenges i.e. Namibia. This implies the examination will survey the current zone of law and propose an alternate approach. This will be finished by investigating important case law and enactments which secure settled term business. In certainty, the investigation intends to give new point of view regarding the matter of fixed term work and proffer a few changes to the law. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Law, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-12
Versions of masculinity in Zukiswa Wanners work
- Authors: Scina, Nontsikelelo
- Date: 2018-07
- Subjects: Gender , Zukiswa Wanner , Masculinity in literature , Sex roles
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6708 , vital:47459
- Description: Traditional notions of masculinity which give power and authority to one dominant form of masculinity in the contemporary era are under scrutiny as they are constantly being challenged through the emergence of alternative forms of masculinity. Through the use of Wanner’s novels, this work examines how South African masculinities are constructed, how they are challenged, and how alternative forms are negotiated. It unpacks Wanner’s depiction of hegemonic, thwarted, complicit and marginalised masculinities as it traces the diversity and fluidity of masculinities in these literary texts and the resultant alternative masculinities these novels propose. Furthermore, this work foregrounds the often taken-for-granted role of women and portrays it as the centre around which masculinities are constructed. This is achieved by probing deeper into the familial unit and looking at the traditional gender roles of women, taking into consideration that the South African constitution allows them either to stick to these roles or to choose from an array of career choices presented to them. It is suggested that instead of viewing masculinity as a standard uniform entity, it is profitable to perceive it as a heterogeneous entity, comprising of different versions which are determined by different factors. It is further suggested that the role of women in the construction of masculinities should be given recognition, as they seem to play a significant role in either inhibiting or promoting the transformation of masculinities through the choices they make. , Thesis (M.Arts) -- Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-07
- Authors: Scina, Nontsikelelo
- Date: 2018-07
- Subjects: Gender , Zukiswa Wanner , Masculinity in literature , Sex roles
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6708 , vital:47459
- Description: Traditional notions of masculinity which give power and authority to one dominant form of masculinity in the contemporary era are under scrutiny as they are constantly being challenged through the emergence of alternative forms of masculinity. Through the use of Wanner’s novels, this work examines how South African masculinities are constructed, how they are challenged, and how alternative forms are negotiated. It unpacks Wanner’s depiction of hegemonic, thwarted, complicit and marginalised masculinities as it traces the diversity and fluidity of masculinities in these literary texts and the resultant alternative masculinities these novels propose. Furthermore, this work foregrounds the often taken-for-granted role of women and portrays it as the centre around which masculinities are constructed. This is achieved by probing deeper into the familial unit and looking at the traditional gender roles of women, taking into consideration that the South African constitution allows them either to stick to these roles or to choose from an array of career choices presented to them. It is suggested that instead of viewing masculinity as a standard uniform entity, it is profitable to perceive it as a heterogeneous entity, comprising of different versions which are determined by different factors. It is further suggested that the role of women in the construction of masculinities should be given recognition, as they seem to play a significant role in either inhibiting or promoting the transformation of masculinities through the choices they make. , Thesis (M.Arts) -- Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-07
An anthropological investigation into the challenges that affect Xhosa traditional circumcision: a case of Mngqesha Village, Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality
- Authors: Qegu, Mzukisi
- Date: 2018-06
- Subjects: Circumcision , Xhosa (African people)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26683 , vital:65851
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges that affect Xhosa traditional circumcision in Mngqesha village. Mngqesha village is situated in Dimbaza, Eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. The study population employed random and purposive sampling to draw a representative sample of 25 research informants traditional leaders, traditional surgeons, traditional nurses, Initiates, elders of the community and Department of Health officials, each group was represented by five research informants from the population of this study. This study employed a mixed research approach. Questionnaires were distributed amongst research informants for quantitative purposes, and interviews were conducted for qualitative purposes, among the selected representative sample. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis and was used to substantiate quantitative findings. The findings of this study prolonged on how injuries, diseases and high death rates of initiates affect Xhosa Traditional Circumcision in Mngqesha village. The findings of this study divulge that carelessness amongst parents of initiates, dehydration, physical abuse and lack of proper screening of initiates have a tremendous contribution to injuries, diseases and high death rates of initiates in Mngqesha villages. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-06
- Authors: Qegu, Mzukisi
- Date: 2018-06
- Subjects: Circumcision , Xhosa (African people)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26683 , vital:65851
- Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges that affect Xhosa traditional circumcision in Mngqesha village. Mngqesha village is situated in Dimbaza, Eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. The study population employed random and purposive sampling to draw a representative sample of 25 research informants traditional leaders, traditional surgeons, traditional nurses, Initiates, elders of the community and Department of Health officials, each group was represented by five research informants from the population of this study. This study employed a mixed research approach. Questionnaires were distributed amongst research informants for quantitative purposes, and interviews were conducted for qualitative purposes, among the selected representative sample. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis and was used to substantiate quantitative findings. The findings of this study prolonged on how injuries, diseases and high death rates of initiates affect Xhosa Traditional Circumcision in Mngqesha village. The findings of this study divulge that carelessness amongst parents of initiates, dehydration, physical abuse and lack of proper screening of initiates have a tremendous contribution to injuries, diseases and high death rates of initiates in Mngqesha villages. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-06
Records management by the Wesley community small-scale farmers in the Ngqushwa Municipality of the Eastern Cape
- Ncanywa, Ziyanda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-7448
- Authors: Ncanywa, Ziyanda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-7448
- Date: 2018-05
- Subjects: Records -- Management , Farms, Small
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25305 , vital:64142
- Description: The study sought to investigate records management programmes by small-scale farmers, focussing on small-scale farmers in Wesley Community in Eastern Cape South Africa. The objectives of the study were to: Determine the types of records kept by small-scale farmers in Wesley Community; Assess records the records management practices used by small-scale farmers in Wesley Community; Find out the benefits of managing farm records by small-scale farmers in Wesley Community; and Identify the constraints small-scale farmers in Wesley Community encounter in the management of their farm records. This study adopted both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The researcher followed a methodological path that began with a thorough literature review and a careful and thoughtful posing of research questions and objectives. A sample of Wesley Community small-scale farmers was chosen using both convenience and snowball sampling where available and willing farmers were interviewed using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Collected data were analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010. The study found that an encouraging number of small-scale farmers keep records. The records kept by small-scale farmers, however, some of them are not organised or being kept in a systematic way. Small-scale farmers do find record keeping very beneficial and are interested in keeping more records. Illiteracy and low self-esteem proved to be constraints when it comes to small-scale farmers’ records keeping and management. It was concluded that small-scale farmers do keep records. The manner in which the records are kept is mostly systematic. There a benefits of keeping records for farmers even though small-scale farmers face a few constrains when it comes to record keeping. From the findings it is recommended that: the government offer basic education classes for small-scale farmers, records management awards to motivate small-scale farmers and records management training for small-scale farmers. , Thesis (MLIS) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-05
- Authors: Ncanywa, Ziyanda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-7448
- Date: 2018-05
- Subjects: Records -- Management , Farms, Small
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25305 , vital:64142
- Description: The study sought to investigate records management programmes by small-scale farmers, focussing on small-scale farmers in Wesley Community in Eastern Cape South Africa. The objectives of the study were to: Determine the types of records kept by small-scale farmers in Wesley Community; Assess records the records management practices used by small-scale farmers in Wesley Community; Find out the benefits of managing farm records by small-scale farmers in Wesley Community; and Identify the constraints small-scale farmers in Wesley Community encounter in the management of their farm records. This study adopted both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The researcher followed a methodological path that began with a thorough literature review and a careful and thoughtful posing of research questions and objectives. A sample of Wesley Community small-scale farmers was chosen using both convenience and snowball sampling where available and willing farmers were interviewed using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Collected data were analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010. The study found that an encouraging number of small-scale farmers keep records. The records kept by small-scale farmers, however, some of them are not organised or being kept in a systematic way. Small-scale farmers do find record keeping very beneficial and are interested in keeping more records. Illiteracy and low self-esteem proved to be constraints when it comes to small-scale farmers’ records keeping and management. It was concluded that small-scale farmers do keep records. The manner in which the records are kept is mostly systematic. There a benefits of keeping records for farmers even though small-scale farmers face a few constrains when it comes to record keeping. From the findings it is recommended that: the government offer basic education classes for small-scale farmers, records management awards to motivate small-scale farmers and records management training for small-scale farmers. , Thesis (MLIS) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018-05
A Cross-cultural analysis of the normative indicators of the Beck Depression Inventory II(BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) amongst young adults in the Eastern Cape,South Africa
- Fourie, Claire https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-204X
- Authors: Fourie, Claire https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-204X
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Stress (Psychology) , Depression, Mental
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25117 , vital:63979
- Description: Mental illness rates are climbing, locally and globally. The World Health Organization (2001) has claimed that one in four people will be affected by a psychiatric disorder during their lifetime. With this in mind, there is an array of psychometric assessment measures that are used as tools to assist in the mental health care field. Two such measures are the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). These measures are used globally to assist with the diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety. However, in South Africa, a paucity of normative indicators exists. This research set out to determine if there are significant differences in performance on the BAI and BDI-II when comparing a sample from the Eastern Cape, South Africa, to the international norms. It was found that performances on the BAI between the local sample and the international sample did not differ significantly. The local sample, on average, performed 4.76 points lower on the BDI-II than those assessed in the international norms. A series of theoretical models are explored in elucidating the findings in this study. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Fourie, Claire https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-204X
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Stress (Psychology) , Depression, Mental
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25117 , vital:63979
- Description: Mental illness rates are climbing, locally and globally. The World Health Organization (2001) has claimed that one in four people will be affected by a psychiatric disorder during their lifetime. With this in mind, there is an array of psychometric assessment measures that are used as tools to assist in the mental health care field. Two such measures are the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). These measures are used globally to assist with the diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety. However, in South Africa, a paucity of normative indicators exists. This research set out to determine if there are significant differences in performance on the BAI and BDI-II when comparing a sample from the Eastern Cape, South Africa, to the international norms. It was found that performances on the BAI between the local sample and the international sample did not differ significantly. The local sample, on average, performed 4.76 points lower on the BDI-II than those assessed in the international norms. A series of theoretical models are explored in elucidating the findings in this study. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
A medicinal chemistry study in nitrogen containing heterocycles
- Authors: Lunga, Mayibongwe Junior
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Indole , Tetrazoles , Antimalarials , Heat shock proteins , Plasmodium falciparum
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63521 , vital:28430
- Description: Heterocyclic structures have found extensive utility in the field of medicinal chemistry, as prominent regions of pharmacophores resulting in numerous drug treatments for many diseases. Accordingly, in this project we explored the respective antimalarial and anticancer activity exhibited by compounds featuring nitrogen containing indole and tetrazole heterocycles respectively. This thesis therefore comprises of two distinct parts. Part 1. Following the development of resistance towards traditional antimalarial therapy such as chloroquine and emerging resistance towards artemisinin combination therapies, the WHO reported the urgent need for new, effective drugs and identification of new drug targets to combat the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. In 2015 the parasite was the cause of 429 000 deaths, the majority occurring in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. This highlights the failing effectiveness of vector control strategies, reiterating the need to develop alternative control and treatment strategies. In response to this need we wanted to expand and further describe the SAR of the indole based series, indolyl-3-ethanone-α- thioethers, previously synthesized in our laboratory. These compounds were found to exhibit antimalarial activity with compounds 2.26 and 2.27 exhibiting activity against P. falciparum 3D7 in the nanomolar range. Based on these compounds we synthesized compounds 3.21 and 3.24 – 3.32 following a three step reaction pathway. Our results in this study, indicate that compound 3.28, a pnitrothiophenol analogue of 2.27 was the most active of the compounds we synthesized and furthermore was superior in activity against Plasmodium compared to 2.27. This result indicated that the presence of p-NO2 is important in enhancing anti-plasmodial activity. Comparing compounds 3.25 and 3.26 with an oxygen on the ether bridge to compounds 3.29 and 3.30 with a sulfur, we observed an increase in hydrophilicity coupled to a decrease in anti-plasmodial activity in the compounds, thus, highlighting the importance of sulfur for enhanced activity. Furthermore, we investigated bioisosteric replacement of the 5-chloro substituent present in hit compounds 2.27 and 3.28, with an electron withdrawing nitrile (3.27) and electron donating methyl (3.29) and methoxy (3.31) substituents. These substituents decreased anti-plasmodial activity, confirming that a chlorine substituent is optimal for biological activity. This study furthered our understanding of the SAR of indolyl-3-ethanone-α- thioethers for the development of potent anti-plasmodial lead compounds. Part 2. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which disproportionately affects women of sub-Saharan Africa, is unresponsive to hormone-based therapies. This emergence presents a population of patients devoid of effective drug treatment, signaling the urgent need to develop new effective therapies with novel drug targets. Therefore, we identified our target in TNBC cells as the protein-protein interaction between the co-chaperones HOP and HSP90. We reasoned that a disruption of this interaction would ultimately result in cancer cell death via the degradation of essential oncogenic client proteins. Following a fragment screening campaign, which identified several acid and tetrazole containing hits (4.56 – 4.58) which bound to HOP, with low anticancer activity, we sought to develop synthetic methodology to elaborate our fragment hits synthesizing tetrazole containing fragments to target TNBC cell lines. We therefore proceeded to synthesize a range of multi substituted fragments (4.59 – 4.63), utilizing a nitrile (4.66) to access tetrazoles via 1,3-cycloaddition and an acid by nitrile hydrolysis. We successfully synthesized the tetrazole and acid fragments which are currently undergoing characterization for activity against TNBC. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Lunga, Mayibongwe Junior
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Indole , Tetrazoles , Antimalarials , Heat shock proteins , Plasmodium falciparum
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63521 , vital:28430
- Description: Heterocyclic structures have found extensive utility in the field of medicinal chemistry, as prominent regions of pharmacophores resulting in numerous drug treatments for many diseases. Accordingly, in this project we explored the respective antimalarial and anticancer activity exhibited by compounds featuring nitrogen containing indole and tetrazole heterocycles respectively. This thesis therefore comprises of two distinct parts. Part 1. Following the development of resistance towards traditional antimalarial therapy such as chloroquine and emerging resistance towards artemisinin combination therapies, the WHO reported the urgent need for new, effective drugs and identification of new drug targets to combat the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. In 2015 the parasite was the cause of 429 000 deaths, the majority occurring in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. This highlights the failing effectiveness of vector control strategies, reiterating the need to develop alternative control and treatment strategies. In response to this need we wanted to expand and further describe the SAR of the indole based series, indolyl-3-ethanone-α- thioethers, previously synthesized in our laboratory. These compounds were found to exhibit antimalarial activity with compounds 2.26 and 2.27 exhibiting activity against P. falciparum 3D7 in the nanomolar range. Based on these compounds we synthesized compounds 3.21 and 3.24 – 3.32 following a three step reaction pathway. Our results in this study, indicate that compound 3.28, a pnitrothiophenol analogue of 2.27 was the most active of the compounds we synthesized and furthermore was superior in activity against Plasmodium compared to 2.27. This result indicated that the presence of p-NO2 is important in enhancing anti-plasmodial activity. Comparing compounds 3.25 and 3.26 with an oxygen on the ether bridge to compounds 3.29 and 3.30 with a sulfur, we observed an increase in hydrophilicity coupled to a decrease in anti-plasmodial activity in the compounds, thus, highlighting the importance of sulfur for enhanced activity. Furthermore, we investigated bioisosteric replacement of the 5-chloro substituent present in hit compounds 2.27 and 3.28, with an electron withdrawing nitrile (3.27) and electron donating methyl (3.29) and methoxy (3.31) substituents. These substituents decreased anti-plasmodial activity, confirming that a chlorine substituent is optimal for biological activity. This study furthered our understanding of the SAR of indolyl-3-ethanone-α- thioethers for the development of potent anti-plasmodial lead compounds. Part 2. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which disproportionately affects women of sub-Saharan Africa, is unresponsive to hormone-based therapies. This emergence presents a population of patients devoid of effective drug treatment, signaling the urgent need to develop new effective therapies with novel drug targets. Therefore, we identified our target in TNBC cells as the protein-protein interaction between the co-chaperones HOP and HSP90. We reasoned that a disruption of this interaction would ultimately result in cancer cell death via the degradation of essential oncogenic client proteins. Following a fragment screening campaign, which identified several acid and tetrazole containing hits (4.56 – 4.58) which bound to HOP, with low anticancer activity, we sought to develop synthetic methodology to elaborate our fragment hits synthesizing tetrazole containing fragments to target TNBC cell lines. We therefore proceeded to synthesize a range of multi substituted fragments (4.59 – 4.63), utilizing a nitrile (4.66) to access tetrazoles via 1,3-cycloaddition and an acid by nitrile hydrolysis. We successfully synthesized the tetrazole and acid fragments which are currently undergoing characterization for activity against TNBC. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacy, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Aligning local government service delivery communication with digital citizen engagement: a case study of Makana Municipality
- Authors: Machiri, Mwazvita Chipo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Political participation South Africa Makana , Municipal services South Africa Makana , Communication in public administration South Africa Makana , Internet in public administration South Africa Makana , Information technology South Africa Makana , Electronic government information South Africa Makana , Government accountability South Africa Makana
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/194146 , vital:45423
- Description: The effective management of local municipalities in South Africa determines the quality of service delivery to citizens. Policies and other legislation have been implemented in an attempt to improve service delivery backlogs in South Africa since post-apartheid. However, these have not been effective in meeting community needs, hence leading to poor service delivery and increased community protests of frustration. These problems are partly linked to the lack of communication between government and citizens, and within internal government. Government needs to be held accountable for the services it provides, and improve on these services through practicing transparency, providing information to citizens, and allowing citizens to provide feedback on the various challenges experienced. Information access and communication is vital to the citizen engagement process, as this supports evidence-based engagement between citizens and government. Over the most recent years, innovative ICTs have emerged as a critical strategic tool in facilitating communication between the government and its citizens, commonly referred to as digital citizen engagement. The effective implementation of such initiatives at the local government level, especially in resource-constrained contexts, is not straightforward. This research aims to develop a guiding framework for aligning municipal communication processes with innovative ICTs to support ongoing social accountability and transparency through citizen engagement in local municipalities. The formulation of this framework is built on the Adaptive Structuration Theory, which is based on studying organisational change that occurs due to implementation and adoption of technology. Using a pragmatist approach and case study of Makana Municipality, the research study investigates a digital citizen engagement initiative called MobiSAM (Mobile Social Accountability Monitoring). The key findings from the qualitative empirical investigation indicates that there are significant social and political factors to consider when aligning Digital Citizen Engagement initiatives in a resource-constrained environment. The findings illustrated that the change and alignment process of DCE in local municipalities rely on a diverse set of inputs from different stakeholders, and a dynamic change process, which result in key citizen engagement outcomes of empowerment, accountability, transparency, and increased engagement depending – all depending on the success of the process. The extent of the outcomes will vary with the effectiveness of change management, idea generation, and participation, which Preliminaries are impacted by perceived usefulness, attitude towards the system, and the intentions of the user. The proposed framework provides a guideline for the implementation and introduction of innovations ICTs for citizen engagement at local government level. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Information Systems, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Machiri, Mwazvita Chipo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Political participation South Africa Makana , Municipal services South Africa Makana , Communication in public administration South Africa Makana , Internet in public administration South Africa Makana , Information technology South Africa Makana , Electronic government information South Africa Makana , Government accountability South Africa Makana
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/194146 , vital:45423
- Description: The effective management of local municipalities in South Africa determines the quality of service delivery to citizens. Policies and other legislation have been implemented in an attempt to improve service delivery backlogs in South Africa since post-apartheid. However, these have not been effective in meeting community needs, hence leading to poor service delivery and increased community protests of frustration. These problems are partly linked to the lack of communication between government and citizens, and within internal government. Government needs to be held accountable for the services it provides, and improve on these services through practicing transparency, providing information to citizens, and allowing citizens to provide feedback on the various challenges experienced. Information access and communication is vital to the citizen engagement process, as this supports evidence-based engagement between citizens and government. Over the most recent years, innovative ICTs have emerged as a critical strategic tool in facilitating communication between the government and its citizens, commonly referred to as digital citizen engagement. The effective implementation of such initiatives at the local government level, especially in resource-constrained contexts, is not straightforward. This research aims to develop a guiding framework for aligning municipal communication processes with innovative ICTs to support ongoing social accountability and transparency through citizen engagement in local municipalities. The formulation of this framework is built on the Adaptive Structuration Theory, which is based on studying organisational change that occurs due to implementation and adoption of technology. Using a pragmatist approach and case study of Makana Municipality, the research study investigates a digital citizen engagement initiative called MobiSAM (Mobile Social Accountability Monitoring). The key findings from the qualitative empirical investigation indicates that there are significant social and political factors to consider when aligning Digital Citizen Engagement initiatives in a resource-constrained environment. The findings illustrated that the change and alignment process of DCE in local municipalities rely on a diverse set of inputs from different stakeholders, and a dynamic change process, which result in key citizen engagement outcomes of empowerment, accountability, transparency, and increased engagement depending – all depending on the success of the process. The extent of the outcomes will vary with the effectiveness of change management, idea generation, and participation, which Preliminaries are impacted by perceived usefulness, attitude towards the system, and the intentions of the user. The proposed framework provides a guideline for the implementation and introduction of innovations ICTs for citizen engagement at local government level. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Information Systems, 2018
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- Date Issued: 2018
An invastigation into factors that contribute to elder abuse: a case study of mount frère town in the umzimvubu local municipality
- Authors: Rasmeni, Nosabelo Lusanda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Older people -- Abuse of , Abused elderly -- Services for
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19625 , vital:43153
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore factors which contribute to elder abuse in Mount Frere Town, in the Umzimvubu Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. A qualitative approach was used to allow for the achievement of the research aim which was to explore contributory factors towards elderly abuse in Mount Frere Town. A purposive sampling approach was used to select participants in accordance with their experiences and required characteristics. A total sample of fourteen participants was selected. The data was obtained through focus group interviews, using an interview schedule (Appendix B, C, D and E) as an interview guide and the interview sessions were all recorded with an audio recorder. Separate interview schedules were used for the focus groups with the elderly participants (Appendix B – English version and D- IsiXhosa version) and the group consisting of caregivers (Appendix C – English version and E – IsiXhosa version). Thematic analysis was used to analyse and interpret results. Eight main themes were identified, namely: Living Conditions, Daily Activities, Age and Gender, Alcohol Consumption, Family Victimization, Offender Related Factors, Elderly Protection, and Intervention. These themes were identified under chapter four and discussed in the subsequent chapter. Respective sub-themes were identified under each theme and were discussed comprehensively. Key to all these themes was that most perpetrators of elderly abuse were family members, relatives and neighbours of the victim. Also worth noting is the revelation that elderly people, especially those who live in the rural areas are mostly living alone or with little children and are, therefore, without protection. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Criminology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Rasmeni, Nosabelo Lusanda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Older people -- Abuse of , Abused elderly -- Services for
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19625 , vital:43153
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore factors which contribute to elder abuse in Mount Frere Town, in the Umzimvubu Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. A qualitative approach was used to allow for the achievement of the research aim which was to explore contributory factors towards elderly abuse in Mount Frere Town. A purposive sampling approach was used to select participants in accordance with their experiences and required characteristics. A total sample of fourteen participants was selected. The data was obtained through focus group interviews, using an interview schedule (Appendix B, C, D and E) as an interview guide and the interview sessions were all recorded with an audio recorder. Separate interview schedules were used for the focus groups with the elderly participants (Appendix B – English version and D- IsiXhosa version) and the group consisting of caregivers (Appendix C – English version and E – IsiXhosa version). Thematic analysis was used to analyse and interpret results. Eight main themes were identified, namely: Living Conditions, Daily Activities, Age and Gender, Alcohol Consumption, Family Victimization, Offender Related Factors, Elderly Protection, and Intervention. These themes were identified under chapter four and discussed in the subsequent chapter. Respective sub-themes were identified under each theme and were discussed comprehensively. Key to all these themes was that most perpetrators of elderly abuse were family members, relatives and neighbours of the victim. Also worth noting is the revelation that elderly people, especially those who live in the rural areas are mostly living alone or with little children and are, therefore, without protection. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Criminology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
An investigation into factors influencing lack of improvement towards achieving compliance with the quality national core standards in KSD clinics, O.R. Tambo District
- Authors: Mnyamana, Tozama Nobom
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Health facilities--Standards , Health facilities--South Africa , Medical care--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19498 , vital:43133
- Description: The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with lack of improvement in the health care provided towards achieving compliance with the National Core Standards (NCS) in King Sabata Dalindyebo (KSD) sub-district clinics, in OR Tambo District in the Eastern Cape. A quantitative design was seen as the most suitable for this study. This method was chosen as the one that would best assist the researcher to meet the objectives of the study. A purposive sampling method was chosen, according to which the researcher selected five sites; all clinics that had been previously inspected for quality standards by the Office of Health Standards Compliance at least once. Participants for the study were all employees of those clinics and one representative of the governing structure of each. Twenty-eight participants in total formed part of the study as two did not return their responses. For collecting data from the participants, self-administered questionnaires were used. Throughout the data collection process, ethical standards of nursing research regarding anonymity, confidentiality and privacy were adhered to. Collected data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software. The distribution of results is presented in tables and bar graphs. The results of the study reveal that a quality-oriented culture is lacking in our clinics with poor participation of clinics teams in quality improvement processes. Leadership and management at clinic level need strengthening. It was also found that there is insufficient capacitation of departmental strategic shift innovations, revealed in the complete absence of information sharing and feedback regarding previous assessments. In addition, there is a shortage of resources including basic equipment in clinics. , Thesis (MPH) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mnyamana, Tozama Nobom
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Health facilities--Standards , Health facilities--South Africa , Medical care--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19498 , vital:43133
- Description: The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with lack of improvement in the health care provided towards achieving compliance with the National Core Standards (NCS) in King Sabata Dalindyebo (KSD) sub-district clinics, in OR Tambo District in the Eastern Cape. A quantitative design was seen as the most suitable for this study. This method was chosen as the one that would best assist the researcher to meet the objectives of the study. A purposive sampling method was chosen, according to which the researcher selected five sites; all clinics that had been previously inspected for quality standards by the Office of Health Standards Compliance at least once. Participants for the study were all employees of those clinics and one representative of the governing structure of each. Twenty-eight participants in total formed part of the study as two did not return their responses. For collecting data from the participants, self-administered questionnaires were used. Throughout the data collection process, ethical standards of nursing research regarding anonymity, confidentiality and privacy were adhered to. Collected data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software. The distribution of results is presented in tables and bar graphs. The results of the study reveal that a quality-oriented culture is lacking in our clinics with poor participation of clinics teams in quality improvement processes. Leadership and management at clinic level need strengthening. It was also found that there is insufficient capacitation of departmental strategic shift innovations, revealed in the complete absence of information sharing and feedback regarding previous assessments. In addition, there is a shortage of resources including basic equipment in clinics. , Thesis (MPH) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
An investigation into the bacterial communities associated with pyrroloiminoquinone-producing South African latrunculid sponges
- Authors: Hilliar, Storm Hannah
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Sponges South Africa Algoa Bay , Betaproteobacteria , Spirochaeta , Symbiosis , Bacterial communities
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62112 , vital:28128
- Description: Marine sponges belonging to the family Latrunculiidae are known for their production of cytotoxic pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids and the South African coast provides a unique environment for the exploitation of these potent bioactive compounds. The isolation of structurally similar pyrroloiminoquinone compounds from unrelated, non poriferan sources has led to the suggestion that South African latrunculid pyrroloiminoquinones may be secondary metabolites produced by sponge associated microbial symbionts. Previous studies investigating the bacterial communities of South African latrunculid sponges have shown the conservation of distinct microbial populations with unusual bacterial taxa dominated by a novel betaproteobacterial and spirochete species. This study describes the further investigation into these associated bacterial communities, their conservation and sponge microbiome comparisons across spatial, temporal and environmental scales. The bacterial communities associated with seven latrunculid species representing three genera (Tsitsikamma, Cyclacanthia and Latrunculia) were characterized as well as a Mycale and Tethya rubra species. Latrunculid sponge microbiomes were significantly different from those associated with sympatric outlier sponge species and the surrounding environment. The bacterial communities associated with latrunculid sponges appear host specific with the conservation of two dominant bacterial symbionts which mirror the phylogeny of their host species. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Hilliar, Storm Hannah
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Sponges South Africa Algoa Bay , Betaproteobacteria , Spirochaeta , Symbiosis , Bacterial communities
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62112 , vital:28128
- Description: Marine sponges belonging to the family Latrunculiidae are known for their production of cytotoxic pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids and the South African coast provides a unique environment for the exploitation of these potent bioactive compounds. The isolation of structurally similar pyrroloiminoquinone compounds from unrelated, non poriferan sources has led to the suggestion that South African latrunculid pyrroloiminoquinones may be secondary metabolites produced by sponge associated microbial symbionts. Previous studies investigating the bacterial communities of South African latrunculid sponges have shown the conservation of distinct microbial populations with unusual bacterial taxa dominated by a novel betaproteobacterial and spirochete species. This study describes the further investigation into these associated bacterial communities, their conservation and sponge microbiome comparisons across spatial, temporal and environmental scales. The bacterial communities associated with seven latrunculid species representing three genera (Tsitsikamma, Cyclacanthia and Latrunculia) were characterized as well as a Mycale and Tethya rubra species. Latrunculid sponge microbiomes were significantly different from those associated with sympatric outlier sponge species and the surrounding environment. The bacterial communities associated with latrunculid sponges appear host specific with the conservation of two dominant bacterial symbionts which mirror the phylogeny of their host species. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
An investigation of the challenges associated with conducting home visits in rural areas, from the lenses of social workers: the case of Raymond Mhlaba Municipality - Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Nguza, Zizipho Zintle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-3183
- Authors: Nguza, Zizipho Zintle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-3183
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Home-based family services http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89005719 , Social workers http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124114 , Sociology, Rural http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124229
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19523 , vital:43135
- Description: This study strove to understand the challenges encountered by social workers in conducting home visits in rural areas of the Eastern Cape in Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. The intention was to achieve the following objectives; (i) establish the kind of problems that social workers attend to when conducting home visits in rural areas, (ii) investigate the challenges that social workers encounter in the provision of home visits in rural areas, (iii) establish the support services offered to the social workers by their organisations; from the lenses of both social workers and supervisors. The study employed the qualitative approach and was guided by a qualitative research design in the form of a case study. It also employed in-depth one-on-one interviews complemented by both focus group discussions and social work participants as methods of data collection. The study used non-probability sampling technique, specifically the purposive sampling of twenty five (25) social work stakeholders. The sample comprised twenty (20) social workers, both female and male participants and five (5) supervisors. Data was analysed qualitatively through content thematic data analysis which used interpretative approaches and textual presentation. The study revealed the following findings: that social workers in Raymond Mhlaba municipality dealt with an immense range of social problems such as poverty, unemployment, crime, HIV and AIDS, orphanhood, child headed households, marital discord, violence against women and children, abuse of families and persons with disability and mismanagement of social grants. The study recommends employee assistance programmes so that independent counselling and supportive services could be provided for social workers working in rural areas. Regular in-service training programmes can play a vital role in helping staff handle pressure and avoid occupational stress. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Social Work) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Nguza, Zizipho Zintle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-3183
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Home-based family services http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89005719 , Social workers http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124114 , Sociology, Rural http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85124229
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19523 , vital:43135
- Description: This study strove to understand the challenges encountered by social workers in conducting home visits in rural areas of the Eastern Cape in Raymond Mhlaba Municipality. The intention was to achieve the following objectives; (i) establish the kind of problems that social workers attend to when conducting home visits in rural areas, (ii) investigate the challenges that social workers encounter in the provision of home visits in rural areas, (iii) establish the support services offered to the social workers by their organisations; from the lenses of both social workers and supervisors. The study employed the qualitative approach and was guided by a qualitative research design in the form of a case study. It also employed in-depth one-on-one interviews complemented by both focus group discussions and social work participants as methods of data collection. The study used non-probability sampling technique, specifically the purposive sampling of twenty five (25) social work stakeholders. The sample comprised twenty (20) social workers, both female and male participants and five (5) supervisors. Data was analysed qualitatively through content thematic data analysis which used interpretative approaches and textual presentation. The study revealed the following findings: that social workers in Raymond Mhlaba municipality dealt with an immense range of social problems such as poverty, unemployment, crime, HIV and AIDS, orphanhood, child headed households, marital discord, violence against women and children, abuse of families and persons with disability and mismanagement of social grants. The study recommends employee assistance programmes so that independent counselling and supportive services could be provided for social workers working in rural areas. Regular in-service training programmes can play a vital role in helping staff handle pressure and avoid occupational stress. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Social Work) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Chipangano: vigilantism and community responses in Mbare District, Zimbabwe, c.2000-2013
- Authors: Munyarari, Tinashe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Vigilantism Zimbabwe Mbare , ZANU-PF (Organization : Zimbabwe) , Zimbabwe History 1980- , Vigilantism Zimbabwe Mbare Public opinion , Collective memory Zimbabwe Mbare
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62126 , vital:28130
- Description: This study examines an aspect of Zimbabwe’s political history, namely the emergence and operations of Chipangano vigilante group in Mbare (2000-2013) and how the community responded to the scourges of this vigilante group. This study shows that Chipangano, which means a pact, was formed with the intention to extend ZANU-PF patronage system, canvassing support and regain control of Mbare district from the MDC. The group consolidated itself as a shadow militia group for ZANU-PF that intimidated the opposition parties and coerced the general populace to attend ZANU-PF functions. It also shows that the vigilante group seized Harare City Council’s duties, such as collecting gate-takings from local and long distance public transport at Mbare Bus Terminal; controlling allocations of market stalls and collecting rents from market stalls, for personal benefits. The group also politicised the access to local state property. Chipangano’s collusion with ZANU-PF and state structures licensed it to engage in criminal activities with impunity, thus this thesis seeks to understand the relationship between the vigilantes, ZANU-PF and state structures. The activities of Chipangano such as abduction, intimidation, beatings, killings and displacement of people resulted in social trauma. This thesis will also explore how this phase of violence is remembered today by the research informants. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Munyarari, Tinashe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Vigilantism Zimbabwe Mbare , ZANU-PF (Organization : Zimbabwe) , Zimbabwe History 1980- , Vigilantism Zimbabwe Mbare Public opinion , Collective memory Zimbabwe Mbare
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62126 , vital:28130
- Description: This study examines an aspect of Zimbabwe’s political history, namely the emergence and operations of Chipangano vigilante group in Mbare (2000-2013) and how the community responded to the scourges of this vigilante group. This study shows that Chipangano, which means a pact, was formed with the intention to extend ZANU-PF patronage system, canvassing support and regain control of Mbare district from the MDC. The group consolidated itself as a shadow militia group for ZANU-PF that intimidated the opposition parties and coerced the general populace to attend ZANU-PF functions. It also shows that the vigilante group seized Harare City Council’s duties, such as collecting gate-takings from local and long distance public transport at Mbare Bus Terminal; controlling allocations of market stalls and collecting rents from market stalls, for personal benefits. The group also politicised the access to local state property. Chipangano’s collusion with ZANU-PF and state structures licensed it to engage in criminal activities with impunity, thus this thesis seeks to understand the relationship between the vigilantes, ZANU-PF and state structures. The activities of Chipangano such as abduction, intimidation, beatings, killings and displacement of people resulted in social trauma. This thesis will also explore how this phase of violence is remembered today by the research informants. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018