Salt in my footsteps
- Authors: Radebe, Mxolisi Vusumuzi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) -- South Africa , South African poetry (English) -- 21st century , South African fiction (English) -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178201 , vital:42920
- Description: My thesis is a collection of poems which focus on human experiences related to my background. I grew up in a countryside village, freely experiencing nature in unrestricted walks to the rivers and mountains; communal living instilled in me the humanitarian values which I uphold to the present. I use short and long lyrical prose poems to bring life and humanise the untold or unexpressed stories of my community. My use of simple everyday language and clear, concrete but surprising images that resonate with deeper meanings and emotions is influenced by Seitlhamo Motsapi’s poems, especially his collection of poems titled earthstepper/the ocean is very shallow and Mxolisi Nyezwa’s poetry book, Song Trials. Spanish poems in English translations by the 20th century Spanish poets: Blas de Otero, Juan Roman Jimenez and Federico Garcia Lorca, published in the book titled Roots and Wings have had a huge impact on my construction of images. I also draw from the free-form and narrative prose poetry experiments of poets: Mangaliso Buzani, vangile gantsho and Ivy Alvarez. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Radebe, Mxolisi Vusumuzi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) -- South Africa , South African poetry (English) -- 21st century , South African fiction (English) -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178201 , vital:42920
- Description: My thesis is a collection of poems which focus on human experiences related to my background. I grew up in a countryside village, freely experiencing nature in unrestricted walks to the rivers and mountains; communal living instilled in me the humanitarian values which I uphold to the present. I use short and long lyrical prose poems to bring life and humanise the untold or unexpressed stories of my community. My use of simple everyday language and clear, concrete but surprising images that resonate with deeper meanings and emotions is influenced by Seitlhamo Motsapi’s poems, especially his collection of poems titled earthstepper/the ocean is very shallow and Mxolisi Nyezwa’s poetry book, Song Trials. Spanish poems in English translations by the 20th century Spanish poets: Blas de Otero, Juan Roman Jimenez and Federico Garcia Lorca, published in the book titled Roots and Wings have had a huge impact on my construction of images. I also draw from the free-form and narrative prose poetry experiments of poets: Mangaliso Buzani, vangile gantsho and Ivy Alvarez. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Schistosomiasis: knowledge, attitudes and practices among Grade 4-7 primary school children and a retrospective prevalence in KwaNobuhle, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Hambury, Sydlynn Dorné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: School children -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51589 , vital:43320
- Description: Background: Schistosomiasis also known as Bilharzia is one of the most common parasitic water-borne disease of global health importance. This study investigated the KAP of Grades 4 to 7 children from 4 selected primary schools in the study area on schistosomiasis. Furthermore, using the secondary data, the researcher determined the prevalence of schistosomiasis in KwaNobuhle over a five-year period from 2014 to 2018 retrospectively. Methods: The study employed a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design approach similar to a study done by Parisi et al. (2019, p.1–14) on intestinal schistosomiasis. A structured, closed-ended, self-administered, Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from 458 learners in Grades 4 to 7 and aged from 9 to 16 years. Data on retrospective prevalence was obtained from the District Health Information System (DHIS) and the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) within the Nelson Mandela Bay. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The leaners’ overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis were poor based on the overall low-knowledge scores, which was 46% in the lowest category from 0-19 points. Urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area showed an increase from the years 2014 to 2017; but declined in the year 2018. Additionally, the males 99 (24%) had a higher prevalence compared to the females 6 (1%) (p=<0.0005, V= 0.33 medium). The highest rate of disease infections was found in individuals between the ages of 10 and 19 years (p=<0.0005, V=0.43 medium). Conclusion: In conclusion, the researcher found that the overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis among the learners were poor. The study further revealed that the rate of urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area had increased from the years 2014 to 2017; but had declined in the year 2018. Recommendations were made to emphasise the need for education and awareness programmes on the disease-transmission pattern and control measures. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hambury, Sydlynn Dorné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: School children -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51589 , vital:43320
- Description: Background: Schistosomiasis also known as Bilharzia is one of the most common parasitic water-borne disease of global health importance. This study investigated the KAP of Grades 4 to 7 children from 4 selected primary schools in the study area on schistosomiasis. Furthermore, using the secondary data, the researcher determined the prevalence of schistosomiasis in KwaNobuhle over a five-year period from 2014 to 2018 retrospectively. Methods: The study employed a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design approach similar to a study done by Parisi et al. (2019, p.1–14) on intestinal schistosomiasis. A structured, closed-ended, self-administered, Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from 458 learners in Grades 4 to 7 and aged from 9 to 16 years. Data on retrospective prevalence was obtained from the District Health Information System (DHIS) and the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) within the Nelson Mandela Bay. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The leaners’ overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis were poor based on the overall low-knowledge scores, which was 46% in the lowest category from 0-19 points. Urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area showed an increase from the years 2014 to 2017; but declined in the year 2018. Additionally, the males 99 (24%) had a higher prevalence compared to the females 6 (1%) (p=<0.0005, V= 0.33 medium). The highest rate of disease infections was found in individuals between the ages of 10 and 19 years (p=<0.0005, V=0.43 medium). Conclusion: In conclusion, the researcher found that the overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis among the learners were poor. The study further revealed that the rate of urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area had increased from the years 2014 to 2017; but had declined in the year 2018. Recommendations were made to emphasise the need for education and awareness programmes on the disease-transmission pattern and control measures. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Selection for improved virulence of Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV) to False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta, by serial passage through a heterologous host
- Authors: Iita, Petrus Paulus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Cryptophlebia leucotreta -- Biological control , Biological pest control agents , Citrus -- Diseases and pests , Baculoviruses , Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV)
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178180 , vital:42918
- Description: The false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is endemic to southern Africa, and strongly associated with citrus. As South African citrus production is mainly for export to foreign markets, the market access risk due to the phytosanitary status of this pest is considerable and its control is therefore imperative. Various control measures as part of a rigorous integrated pest management (IPM) programme targeted against T. leucotreta have been effective at suppressing the pest in citrus, but there is still a growing need for continued improvement of the programme and augmentation of the available control options. Of these control options, biological control, particularly the use of Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV-SA), is a key component of IPM in citrus orchards and it has been very successful at reducing T. leucotreta populations in the field for almost two decades. There is however, a growing need for more baculovirus variants with an improved virulence against T. leucotreta for a more efficient pest management system. The newly identified insect virus, Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV) offers a unique opportunity for an additional biopesticide in IPM for control of T. leucotreta in the field. This study aimed to conduct serial passaging of CrpeNPV through a heterologous host, T. leucotreta, in order to determine the potential for improved virulence or speed of kill against it. In order to select for a variant of CrpeNPV with improved virulence against T. leucotreta, a high dose (LC90) of the virus OBs was used to perform 12 serial passages through T. leucotreta larvae in surface-dose bioassays. Whole genome sequencing and analysis of the passaged virus, along with restriction endonuclease profiling in silico was performed to determine if the genetic identity of the virus had changed during serial passage, in relation to the original virus. These analyses indicated that the dominant genotype of CrpeNPV was maintained following 12 serial passages through the heterologous host. The biological activity of the passaged virus, along with the original virus was evaluated against neonate T. leucotreta in surface-dose bioassays and compared. Results from dose-response bioassays showed that the virulence of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LC50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were estimated at 1.96 × 104 and 1.58 × 104 OBs/ml, respectively, whereas the LC90 values were estimated at 3.46 × 104 OBs/ml for the passaged virus and 3.68 × 104 for the original virus. Similarly, the results from time-response bioassays showed that the speed of kill of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LT50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were 88.44 hours (3 days and 16 hours) and 83.74 hours (3 days and 12 hours), respectively, whereas the LT90 values were 115 hours (4 days 19 hours) for the passaged virus and 102 hours (4 days 6 hours) for the original virus. The virulence and speed of kill of the passaged virus decreased significantly, in relation to the original virus. When the full genome of the passaged virus was sequenced and analysed, only a few SNPs were detected in the viral genome, in comparison to the original virus. No detectable difference in REN digestion patterns were observed following REN analysis of gDNA of the passaged virus with several restriction enzymes in silico. The results for this study suggest that CrpeNPV may already be optimally suited to the heterologous host as it persists under these conditions without significant changes to the genome. These results have positive implications for the genetic integrity of CrpeNPV as a potential biocontrol agent in the field. This study is the first to report the virulence selection of CrpeNPV by serial passage through a heterologous host, and also the first to record bioassay data in terms of dose response (or lethal concentration) against T. leucotreta second instars. The data obtained have added to the knowledge about interactions between CrpeNPV and its heterologous host, and may be fundamental to continued investigation into the effect of serial passage on pathogenicity and genetic diversity of CrpeNPV. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Iita, Petrus Paulus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Cryptophlebia leucotreta -- Biological control , Biological pest control agents , Citrus -- Diseases and pests , Baculoviruses , Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV)
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178180 , vital:42918
- Description: The false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is endemic to southern Africa, and strongly associated with citrus. As South African citrus production is mainly for export to foreign markets, the market access risk due to the phytosanitary status of this pest is considerable and its control is therefore imperative. Various control measures as part of a rigorous integrated pest management (IPM) programme targeted against T. leucotreta have been effective at suppressing the pest in citrus, but there is still a growing need for continued improvement of the programme and augmentation of the available control options. Of these control options, biological control, particularly the use of Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV-SA), is a key component of IPM in citrus orchards and it has been very successful at reducing T. leucotreta populations in the field for almost two decades. There is however, a growing need for more baculovirus variants with an improved virulence against T. leucotreta for a more efficient pest management system. The newly identified insect virus, Cryptophlebia peltastica nucleopolyhedrovirus (CrpeNPV) offers a unique opportunity for an additional biopesticide in IPM for control of T. leucotreta in the field. This study aimed to conduct serial passaging of CrpeNPV through a heterologous host, T. leucotreta, in order to determine the potential for improved virulence or speed of kill against it. In order to select for a variant of CrpeNPV with improved virulence against T. leucotreta, a high dose (LC90) of the virus OBs was used to perform 12 serial passages through T. leucotreta larvae in surface-dose bioassays. Whole genome sequencing and analysis of the passaged virus, along with restriction endonuclease profiling in silico was performed to determine if the genetic identity of the virus had changed during serial passage, in relation to the original virus. These analyses indicated that the dominant genotype of CrpeNPV was maintained following 12 serial passages through the heterologous host. The biological activity of the passaged virus, along with the original virus was evaluated against neonate T. leucotreta in surface-dose bioassays and compared. Results from dose-response bioassays showed that the virulence of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LC50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were estimated at 1.96 × 104 and 1.58 × 104 OBs/ml, respectively, whereas the LC90 values were estimated at 3.46 × 104 OBs/ml for the passaged virus and 3.68 × 104 for the original virus. Similarly, the results from time-response bioassays showed that the speed of kill of CrpeNPV did not improve after 12 serial passages. The LT50 values of the passaged virus and the original virus were 88.44 hours (3 days and 16 hours) and 83.74 hours (3 days and 12 hours), respectively, whereas the LT90 values were 115 hours (4 days 19 hours) for the passaged virus and 102 hours (4 days 6 hours) for the original virus. The virulence and speed of kill of the passaged virus decreased significantly, in relation to the original virus. When the full genome of the passaged virus was sequenced and analysed, only a few SNPs were detected in the viral genome, in comparison to the original virus. No detectable difference in REN digestion patterns were observed following REN analysis of gDNA of the passaged virus with several restriction enzymes in silico. The results for this study suggest that CrpeNPV may already be optimally suited to the heterologous host as it persists under these conditions without significant changes to the genome. These results have positive implications for the genetic integrity of CrpeNPV as a potential biocontrol agent in the field. This study is the first to report the virulence selection of CrpeNPV by serial passage through a heterologous host, and also the first to record bioassay data in terms of dose response (or lethal concentration) against T. leucotreta second instars. The data obtained have added to the knowledge about interactions between CrpeNPV and its heterologous host, and may be fundamental to continued investigation into the effect of serial passage on pathogenicity and genetic diversity of CrpeNPV. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Smallholder farmers’ perception in the adoption of in-field rainwater harvesting techniques in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Mtyelwa, Chuma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4340
- Authors: Mtyelwa, Chuma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4340
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Farms, Small , Water harvesting
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21367 , vital:48499
- Description: Dissemination, adoption and continued use of adopted technologies are key requirements for improved smallholder farmers’ productivity. In an attempt to improve smallholder agricultural production and creating a resilient smallholder agricultural sector, many technologies such as the in-field rainwater harvesting technique (IRWHT) have been put in place. IRWHT has a tremendous potential for improving livelihoods of rural smallholder farmers, thus decreasing their vulnerability to vagaries of climate change. However, though IRWHT was promoted for agricultural crop production improvement, smallholder farmers discontinued its adoption. This study critically assessed the perception of smallholder farmers in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality (RMLM) on the use of the in-field rainwater harvesting technique to assess the underlying factors that led to IRWHT dis-adoption. This study adopted a descriptive study design; purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 120 smallholder farmers that initially adopted IRWHT. Data was gathered through a face-to-face interview and with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis frequency count, percentages, means and standard deviation were used for quantitative data analysis. The findings revealed that 96percent of smallholder farmers dis-adopted IRWHT after initial adoption. Moreover, IRWHT was dis-adopted 5-8 years post adoption. Critical reasons behind discontinuity include small land size (23percent), lack of reliable water source (18percent), complexity of IRWHT, continual extension support (17percent) and IRWHT taking up much space (13percent), amongst others. This study also revealed that farmers’ perception towards the innovation attributes of IRWHT, in relative advantage over economic returns such as profitability, had an impact on dis-adoption of IRWHT, with a negative farmers’ perception (𝑥̅ = 2.95). Complexity of IRWHT was associated with discontinuity of IRWHT by smallholder farmers in RMLM, with the majority (60percent) of smallholder farmers indicating that IRWHT was labour intensive. Some (39.9percent) stated that implementation of IRWHT was time consuming. Innovation attributes that led to a high rate of initial adoption were relative advantage with better yield (𝑥̅ = 4. 38) and compatibility. Smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT can be implemented with cheaper and available working tools (𝑥̅ = 3.54). On trialability, smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT was triable in different seasons and on observability smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 3.81) towards observable improved crop yield. Smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 4.14) of extension service support during the scaling-up of IRWHT although they indicated that the extension service support had ceased. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mtyelwa, Chuma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4340
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Farms, Small , Water harvesting
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21367 , vital:48499
- Description: Dissemination, adoption and continued use of adopted technologies are key requirements for improved smallholder farmers’ productivity. In an attempt to improve smallholder agricultural production and creating a resilient smallholder agricultural sector, many technologies such as the in-field rainwater harvesting technique (IRWHT) have been put in place. IRWHT has a tremendous potential for improving livelihoods of rural smallholder farmers, thus decreasing their vulnerability to vagaries of climate change. However, though IRWHT was promoted for agricultural crop production improvement, smallholder farmers discontinued its adoption. This study critically assessed the perception of smallholder farmers in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality (RMLM) on the use of the in-field rainwater harvesting technique to assess the underlying factors that led to IRWHT dis-adoption. This study adopted a descriptive study design; purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 120 smallholder farmers that initially adopted IRWHT. Data was gathered through a face-to-face interview and with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis frequency count, percentages, means and standard deviation were used for quantitative data analysis. The findings revealed that 96percent of smallholder farmers dis-adopted IRWHT after initial adoption. Moreover, IRWHT was dis-adopted 5-8 years post adoption. Critical reasons behind discontinuity include small land size (23percent), lack of reliable water source (18percent), complexity of IRWHT, continual extension support (17percent) and IRWHT taking up much space (13percent), amongst others. This study also revealed that farmers’ perception towards the innovation attributes of IRWHT, in relative advantage over economic returns such as profitability, had an impact on dis-adoption of IRWHT, with a negative farmers’ perception (𝑥̅ = 2.95). Complexity of IRWHT was associated with discontinuity of IRWHT by smallholder farmers in RMLM, with the majority (60percent) of smallholder farmers indicating that IRWHT was labour intensive. Some (39.9percent) stated that implementation of IRWHT was time consuming. Innovation attributes that led to a high rate of initial adoption were relative advantage with better yield (𝑥̅ = 4. 38) and compatibility. Smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT can be implemented with cheaper and available working tools (𝑥̅ = 3.54). On trialability, smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT was triable in different seasons and on observability smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 3.81) towards observable improved crop yield. Smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 4.14) of extension service support during the scaling-up of IRWHT although they indicated that the extension service support had ceased. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Social-ecological systems approaches to integrated estuarine governance: the Swartkops Estuary
- Hartmann, Ntombizanele Rebecca
- Authors: Hartmann, Ntombizanele Rebecca
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Aquatic resources conservation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Ecosystem management -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Biodiversity conservation -- Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51483 , vital:43282
- Description: Estuaries are complex systems and should be defined as social-ecological systems. This study investigated whether the Swartkops Estuary was managed as a socialecological system and also argued for the resource to be characterised as a commonpool resource due to its ‘open access’ nature and being utilised by many users. People often live in close proximity to estuarine resources. This means that the ecological component of the estuary cannot be managed separately from the social system. There are feedbacks that result from the interactions taking place between the ecological and social components and these need to be considered. Furthermore, the interactions between humans and estuaries are complex and do not change in a linear, predictable manner. The research methods investigated two research aims: (i) to investigate whether social-ecological systems approaches are currently being adopted in the Swartkops Estuary; and (ii) the sustainable management of the Swartkops Estuary and potentially other estuaries in South Africa. The following research objectives formed the basis of this study: (i) to examine the current management system of the Swartkops Estuary; (ii) to determine and map the social and institutional actors for the Swartkops Estuary; (iii) to analyse the views of local stakeholders, authorities (policy makers) and policy implementers on the use of a social-ecological systems approach in the integrated management of the Swartkops Estuary; and (iv) to illustrate the potential advantages of adopting a social-ecological systems approach for ecosystem services and society. A mixed-method research design was applied in this study using questionnaires, semistructured interviews and focus groups discussions as data collection methods. The ecosystem services approach is one of the accepted approaches that links humans and ecosystems and the results of this study has demonstrated that the habitats of the Swartkops Estuary provide ecosystems systems to various stakeholders. Through the application of the natures’ contribution to peoples lens, this study has shown that estuaries contribute both positively (ecosystem services) and negatively (ecosystem disservices) to people. The findings of this study have revealed that the Swartkops Estuary faces sustainability challenges related to free-riding and the tragedy of the commons dichotomy. The governance of the Swartkops Estuary is weak due to the limited implementation of policy and regulatory requirements. This inadequacy in implementation has led to the overexploitation of living resources in the Swartkops Estuary because the ‘rulesin use’ are not respected and adhered to by users. This study therefore proposes guiding principles and practical implications for each of the following dimensions: (i) social-ecological systems; (ii) common-pool resources; and (iii) governance for integrated sustainable estuarine management. Challenges faced by estuaries are not only of ecological, social or economic nature; they involve a combination of all three. The sustainability of estuaries is therefore complex and requires management and governance that is designed to cope with, and adapt to, the social-ecological system changes. The novel contribution of this study is moving away from the orthodox approaches of examining the Swartkops Estuary by applying the SES approach to assess the governance of the estuary as a common-pool resource. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Humanities, Development Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hartmann, Ntombizanele Rebecca
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Aquatic resources conservation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Ecosystem management -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Biodiversity conservation -- Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51483 , vital:43282
- Description: Estuaries are complex systems and should be defined as social-ecological systems. This study investigated whether the Swartkops Estuary was managed as a socialecological system and also argued for the resource to be characterised as a commonpool resource due to its ‘open access’ nature and being utilised by many users. People often live in close proximity to estuarine resources. This means that the ecological component of the estuary cannot be managed separately from the social system. There are feedbacks that result from the interactions taking place between the ecological and social components and these need to be considered. Furthermore, the interactions between humans and estuaries are complex and do not change in a linear, predictable manner. The research methods investigated two research aims: (i) to investigate whether social-ecological systems approaches are currently being adopted in the Swartkops Estuary; and (ii) the sustainable management of the Swartkops Estuary and potentially other estuaries in South Africa. The following research objectives formed the basis of this study: (i) to examine the current management system of the Swartkops Estuary; (ii) to determine and map the social and institutional actors for the Swartkops Estuary; (iii) to analyse the views of local stakeholders, authorities (policy makers) and policy implementers on the use of a social-ecological systems approach in the integrated management of the Swartkops Estuary; and (iv) to illustrate the potential advantages of adopting a social-ecological systems approach for ecosystem services and society. A mixed-method research design was applied in this study using questionnaires, semistructured interviews and focus groups discussions as data collection methods. The ecosystem services approach is one of the accepted approaches that links humans and ecosystems and the results of this study has demonstrated that the habitats of the Swartkops Estuary provide ecosystems systems to various stakeholders. Through the application of the natures’ contribution to peoples lens, this study has shown that estuaries contribute both positively (ecosystem services) and negatively (ecosystem disservices) to people. The findings of this study have revealed that the Swartkops Estuary faces sustainability challenges related to free-riding and the tragedy of the commons dichotomy. The governance of the Swartkops Estuary is weak due to the limited implementation of policy and regulatory requirements. This inadequacy in implementation has led to the overexploitation of living resources in the Swartkops Estuary because the ‘rulesin use’ are not respected and adhered to by users. This study therefore proposes guiding principles and practical implications for each of the following dimensions: (i) social-ecological systems; (ii) common-pool resources; and (iii) governance for integrated sustainable estuarine management. Challenges faced by estuaries are not only of ecological, social or economic nature; they involve a combination of all three. The sustainability of estuaries is therefore complex and requires management and governance that is designed to cope with, and adapt to, the social-ecological system changes. The novel contribution of this study is moving away from the orthodox approaches of examining the Swartkops Estuary by applying the SES approach to assess the governance of the estuary as a common-pool resource. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Humanities, Development Studies, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Software robot process automation at the South African Revenue Service (SARS)
- Authors: Ferreira, Cheryl-Ann
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Automation , Automation -- Economic aspects , South African Revenue Service
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51383 , vital:43270
- Description: Technology is everywhere and what was inconceivable five years ago, such as selfdriving vehicles, drones and virtual assistants are now changing the way we perceive professions in the future. The latest software is utilised to discover new drugs, translate languages and even invest large sums of money. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), also referred to as Industry 4.0, is disrupting almost every industry worldwide and changing entire production systems and the management thereof and governance Artificial intelligence (AI) is not new and due to recent developments in information and technology, the impact thereof will be more significant in the near future. This research has tried to gain insight into the perceptions of employees and management regarding the factors that influence the attitude towards Robotic Process Automation (RPA) are beneficial for both the organisation and the employees. The aim of this treatise was to develop a greater knowledge and understanding of RPA, to identify the factors that are significant for a conceptual model and gain an understanding of the alignment of the views of employees and management pertaining to the factors that influence the attitude towards RPA. The information gained from this treatise could assist SARS leadership to better understand the perceptions of employees and management pertaining to RPA. The research furthermore endeavoured to discover the factors that affect the attitude towards RPA, to identify back office processes for RPA and to ascertain the benefits to SARS of utilising RPA. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Ferreira, Cheryl-Ann
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Automation , Automation -- Economic aspects , South African Revenue Service
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51383 , vital:43270
- Description: Technology is everywhere and what was inconceivable five years ago, such as selfdriving vehicles, drones and virtual assistants are now changing the way we perceive professions in the future. The latest software is utilised to discover new drugs, translate languages and even invest large sums of money. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), also referred to as Industry 4.0, is disrupting almost every industry worldwide and changing entire production systems and the management thereof and governance Artificial intelligence (AI) is not new and due to recent developments in information and technology, the impact thereof will be more significant in the near future. This research has tried to gain insight into the perceptions of employees and management regarding the factors that influence the attitude towards Robotic Process Automation (RPA) are beneficial for both the organisation and the employees. The aim of this treatise was to develop a greater knowledge and understanding of RPA, to identify the factors that are significant for a conceptual model and gain an understanding of the alignment of the views of employees and management pertaining to the factors that influence the attitude towards RPA. The information gained from this treatise could assist SARS leadership to better understand the perceptions of employees and management pertaining to RPA. The research furthermore endeavoured to discover the factors that affect the attitude towards RPA, to identify back office processes for RPA and to ascertain the benefits to SARS of utilising RPA. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
South African foreign policy under Zuma administration: a case study of Al-Bashir, human rights and National interest
- Authors: Govane, Akhona Zizo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: International relations -- 21st century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52535 , vital:43684
- Description: The purpose of the study was to conduct an analysis on whether the foreign policy under the Zuma administration served to protect and promote human rights or whether it served national interest. This was done by analyzing foreign relationships South Africa had under the Zuma administration. The analysis of the research was guided by answering whether the initial 1993 ANC human rights orientated foreign policy was still practiced or whether it was more focused on national interest. Previous work has failed to address the relationships South Africa had with undemocratic and/or authoritarian states during Zuma’s tenure, this includes the arms deal trade with the Arabic states, Russia and China, which resulted in the overlooking of human rights violations by its foreign relations, which resulted in the 1993 ANC proclamations of a human rights orientated foreign policy being no longer practiced. The study followed the qualitative research approach, with the use of documentary analysis for the purpose of the literature review, with the use of case studies. The findings hold that the South African foreign policy during the Zuma administration prioritized national interest and the protection of its foreign relations. The findings also highlight the importance of public participation in international agreements prior to the legalization of them. This study also provided suggestions for future research projects, which will allow for the public to be involved in decisions - that will affect their livelihood - that are taken by the state and to be able to hold the executive accountable for the decisions they make. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Govane, Akhona Zizo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: International relations -- 21st century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52535 , vital:43684
- Description: The purpose of the study was to conduct an analysis on whether the foreign policy under the Zuma administration served to protect and promote human rights or whether it served national interest. This was done by analyzing foreign relationships South Africa had under the Zuma administration. The analysis of the research was guided by answering whether the initial 1993 ANC human rights orientated foreign policy was still practiced or whether it was more focused on national interest. Previous work has failed to address the relationships South Africa had with undemocratic and/or authoritarian states during Zuma’s tenure, this includes the arms deal trade with the Arabic states, Russia and China, which resulted in the overlooking of human rights violations by its foreign relations, which resulted in the 1993 ANC proclamations of a human rights orientated foreign policy being no longer practiced. The study followed the qualitative research approach, with the use of documentary analysis for the purpose of the literature review, with the use of case studies. The findings hold that the South African foreign policy during the Zuma administration prioritized national interest and the protection of its foreign relations. The findings also highlight the importance of public participation in international agreements prior to the legalization of them. This study also provided suggestions for future research projects, which will allow for the public to be involved in decisions - that will affect their livelihood - that are taken by the state and to be able to hold the executive accountable for the decisions they make. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Strategies to facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana
- Authors: Nyande, Felix Kwasi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Child health services -- Ghana
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51439 , vital:43277
- Description: Child health outcomes in Ghana and Sub-Saharan Africa have remained poor compared to other regions of the world. More than half of the global deaths among children under five years of age occur in sub-Saharan Africa. Neonatal and under five child death rates continue to remain high in Ghana, mainly because of the high death rates recorded in the rural areas. Adequate and prompt utilisation of child healthcare services contributes to improved child health outcomes. Despite all the efforts to improve child health, the utilisation of child healthcare services in rural areas in Ghana such as the Nkwanta South Municipality has remained poor. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop strategies that could facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. A qualitative approach, using an exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was implemented for this study. The research comprised the following three phases. Phase One comprised the empirical phase which explored and described the experiences of three groups of participants namely, nurses who rendered child healthcare services in both hospitals and clinics; caregivers of children under five years of age who utilised the available child healthcare services and caregivers of child under five years of age who did not utilise the available child healthcare services. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with these participants and analysed qualitatively according to the six steps outlined in Creswell (2014:197). Four main themes and 10 sub-themes emerged from the data analysis and were presented and discussed. Phase Two consisted of the compilation of the conceptual framework using the survey list by Dickoff, James and Wiendenbach (1968:423). The conceptual framework was compiled based on the findings of the empirical phase and the WHO Health for All model which was the theoretical framework that underpinned this study. The conceptual framework was also later used as the lens for the development and description of the strategies to facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in Phase Three. Phase Three of the study was the final phase of the research and it involved the development and description of the strategies that could be used by nurses to facilitate the use of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. Five strategies were developed and described in this phase. The five strategies were: training and deployment of nurses; capacity building for nurses to support quality child healthcare delivery; resourcing healthcare facilities; community engagement and participation and stakeholder collaboration. The evaluation criteria of Chinn and Kramer (2011:197) were used by six experts to evaluate the strategies. The strategies were evaluated and found to be understandable, clear, simple, applicable and significant to nursing practice. It can thus be concluded that the purpose of the study was achieved since strategies were developed to facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Nyande, Felix Kwasi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Child health services -- Ghana
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51439 , vital:43277
- Description: Child health outcomes in Ghana and Sub-Saharan Africa have remained poor compared to other regions of the world. More than half of the global deaths among children under five years of age occur in sub-Saharan Africa. Neonatal and under five child death rates continue to remain high in Ghana, mainly because of the high death rates recorded in the rural areas. Adequate and prompt utilisation of child healthcare services contributes to improved child health outcomes. Despite all the efforts to improve child health, the utilisation of child healthcare services in rural areas in Ghana such as the Nkwanta South Municipality has remained poor. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop strategies that could facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. A qualitative approach, using an exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was implemented for this study. The research comprised the following three phases. Phase One comprised the empirical phase which explored and described the experiences of three groups of participants namely, nurses who rendered child healthcare services in both hospitals and clinics; caregivers of children under five years of age who utilised the available child healthcare services and caregivers of child under five years of age who did not utilise the available child healthcare services. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with these participants and analysed qualitatively according to the six steps outlined in Creswell (2014:197). Four main themes and 10 sub-themes emerged from the data analysis and were presented and discussed. Phase Two consisted of the compilation of the conceptual framework using the survey list by Dickoff, James and Wiendenbach (1968:423). The conceptual framework was compiled based on the findings of the empirical phase and the WHO Health for All model which was the theoretical framework that underpinned this study. The conceptual framework was also later used as the lens for the development and description of the strategies to facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in Phase Three. Phase Three of the study was the final phase of the research and it involved the development and description of the strategies that could be used by nurses to facilitate the use of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. Five strategies were developed and described in this phase. The five strategies were: training and deployment of nurses; capacity building for nurses to support quality child healthcare delivery; resourcing healthcare facilities; community engagement and participation and stakeholder collaboration. The evaluation criteria of Chinn and Kramer (2011:197) were used by six experts to evaluate the strategies. The strategies were evaluated and found to be understandable, clear, simple, applicable and significant to nursing practice. It can thus be concluded that the purpose of the study was achieved since strategies were developed to facilitate the utilisation of child healthcare services by caregivers for their children in need in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Student protests in South African universities with specific reference to Rhodes University (1970-1994)
- Authors: Gillam, Katherine Elaine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178457 , vital:42941
- Description: Access restricted until April 2023. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Gillam, Katherine Elaine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178457 , vital:42941
- Description: Access restricted until April 2023. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Success factors for women in leadership in South Africa
- Authors: Luthuli, Zandile Silingene
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Leadership in women , Women executives -- South Africa , Leadership -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master'sl theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51776 , vital:43371
- Description: The purpose of the study was to gain an understanding of how women in leadership positions cope with the challenges associated with their roles and responsibilities, particularly in gender biased institutions where senior positions are predominantly occupied by males. The premise of the study is based on historical challenges associated with gender inequality. Notwithstanding women’s generous characteristics, women have been imperilled to experience gender inequality, societal stigma, and stereotypes. Consequentially, the research question was to determine the success factors and challenges of women in leadership positions in South Africa. The study seeks to determine and understand the impact on female leaders of their education level, family structure, stereotype, leadership style and organisational composition. The research was conducted by undertaking a literature review and conducting interviews using a semi-structured written questionnaire guide. Due to the rules and regulations of COVID-19 which require minimal physical face to face interaction and social distancing to reduce the spread of the virus, the interviews were conducted through Zoom video conferencing. The study revealed that most women in leadership positions are between 40 and 60 years of age. While supportive family structures provide strong moral support and enhance the opportunity to succeed, the educational level and self-belief also have a significant effect on the success of women in leadership positions in South Africa. The research findings indicate that organisational structures are not yet fully transformed to accommodate women as leaders in their management structures; therefore, organisational structure and stereotypes have a negative effect on the success of women in leadership positions in South Africa. Women in leadership positions in South Africa are still faced with stereotypic stigma challenges emanating from both society and public institutions’ inherent gender inequality. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences , Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Luthuli, Zandile Silingene
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Leadership in women , Women executives -- South Africa , Leadership -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master'sl theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51776 , vital:43371
- Description: The purpose of the study was to gain an understanding of how women in leadership positions cope with the challenges associated with their roles and responsibilities, particularly in gender biased institutions where senior positions are predominantly occupied by males. The premise of the study is based on historical challenges associated with gender inequality. Notwithstanding women’s generous characteristics, women have been imperilled to experience gender inequality, societal stigma, and stereotypes. Consequentially, the research question was to determine the success factors and challenges of women in leadership positions in South Africa. The study seeks to determine and understand the impact on female leaders of their education level, family structure, stereotype, leadership style and organisational composition. The research was conducted by undertaking a literature review and conducting interviews using a semi-structured written questionnaire guide. Due to the rules and regulations of COVID-19 which require minimal physical face to face interaction and social distancing to reduce the spread of the virus, the interviews were conducted through Zoom video conferencing. The study revealed that most women in leadership positions are between 40 and 60 years of age. While supportive family structures provide strong moral support and enhance the opportunity to succeed, the educational level and self-belief also have a significant effect on the success of women in leadership positions in South Africa. The research findings indicate that organisational structures are not yet fully transformed to accommodate women as leaders in their management structures; therefore, organisational structure and stereotypes have a negative effect on the success of women in leadership positions in South Africa. Women in leadership positions in South Africa are still faced with stereotypic stigma challenges emanating from both society and public institutions’ inherent gender inequality. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences , Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Testing the applicability of the Twin deficits and the Ricardian equivalence hypotheses in South Africa
- Authors: Makua, Khutso Baltimore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Budget deficits -- South Africa , South Africa -- Economic conditions , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51831 , vital:43376
- Description: This study investigates the applicability of the twin deficit and Ricardian equivalence hypotheses in South Africa by exploring the relationship between budget deficits and current account deficits for the period 1990-2020 in South Africa. The reviewed theoretical and empirical literature has shown the results of this relationship to be mixed, depending on the region in review and the policy regime in some instances. The Johansen cointegration test was used because it has advantage over the Engle-Granger over the number of cointegrating relationships they both test. Compared to Engle-Granger, Johansen cointegration allows for more than one cointegrating relationship. The test show evidence that there is cointegration between current account deficits, budget deficits and other explanatory variables. The tests indicated the presence of cointegration which led to the estimation of VECM. Co-integration and vector error correction modelling techniques were applied to South African data between 1990 to 2020 period. The study at hand indicated that government budget deficits have a long run negative effect on current account deficits, but Granger causality failed to prove the direction of causality between the main variables, current account deficits and current account deficits. Therefore, the study concluded that the twin deficits hypothesis is not applicable in South Africa and revealed that South Africa is a Ricardian economy as Granger causality could not establish that budget deficits cause current account deficits. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Economics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Makua, Khutso Baltimore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Budget deficits -- South Africa , South Africa -- Economic conditions , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51831 , vital:43376
- Description: This study investigates the applicability of the twin deficit and Ricardian equivalence hypotheses in South Africa by exploring the relationship between budget deficits and current account deficits for the period 1990-2020 in South Africa. The reviewed theoretical and empirical literature has shown the results of this relationship to be mixed, depending on the region in review and the policy regime in some instances. The Johansen cointegration test was used because it has advantage over the Engle-Granger over the number of cointegrating relationships they both test. Compared to Engle-Granger, Johansen cointegration allows for more than one cointegrating relationship. The test show evidence that there is cointegration between current account deficits, budget deficits and other explanatory variables. The tests indicated the presence of cointegration which led to the estimation of VECM. Co-integration and vector error correction modelling techniques were applied to South African data between 1990 to 2020 period. The study at hand indicated that government budget deficits have a long run negative effect on current account deficits, but Granger causality failed to prove the direction of causality between the main variables, current account deficits and current account deficits. Therefore, the study concluded that the twin deficits hypothesis is not applicable in South Africa and revealed that South Africa is a Ricardian economy as Granger causality could not establish that budget deficits cause current account deficits. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Economics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The application and outcomes of action research as a team development intervention
- Authors: Kloppers, Paul
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Teams in the workplace , Teams in the workplace|xTraining of , Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51721 , vital:43366
- Description: An action research design was used to develop a team development intervention to determine the effect of the team development intervention on team functioning, as considered within a postmodern paradigm. A team of nine members agreed to participate in this study. For the purpose of this study, the researcher targeted an existing (intact) team who was already operating as a team within the work context. Therefore, convenience sampling (purposive) was used to select the relevant team. Data was collected using focus group sessions. The initial intention was to record these sessions to allow for collecting verbatim data that would aid the process of data analysis. However, due to participant concerns regarding confidentiality, the researcher suggested introducing a co-facilitator who would record proceedings by making process notes. The additional benefit of this approach included observation data that was obtained during the focus group sessions. A nine-step model was used as a guideline to conduct the focus group discussion and an intervention in the form of a team workshop was designed. The workshop, consisting of three integrated sessions, was implemented and the effect thereof determined by conducting a follow-up session with the team. The data collected from the focus group session before as well as after the workshop was processed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Issues of trustworthiness and data authenticity was dealt with during the focus group sessions by means of reciprocal feedback loops. The teambuilding workshop that was informed by the focus group input, focused on creating awareness around communication (interpersonal), behaviours driven by team values (interpersonal), as well as managing focus and energy (team processes). The team reported that the style and content of the workshop was apt and that the process was a good learning experience. This seems to support research suggesting that team building has a positive effect on developing interpersonal relationships, which could then benefit organisational performance. The results are discussed in relation to theory and suggestions are proposed for future research. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Industrial Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Kloppers, Paul
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Teams in the workplace , Teams in the workplace|xTraining of , Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51721 , vital:43366
- Description: An action research design was used to develop a team development intervention to determine the effect of the team development intervention on team functioning, as considered within a postmodern paradigm. A team of nine members agreed to participate in this study. For the purpose of this study, the researcher targeted an existing (intact) team who was already operating as a team within the work context. Therefore, convenience sampling (purposive) was used to select the relevant team. Data was collected using focus group sessions. The initial intention was to record these sessions to allow for collecting verbatim data that would aid the process of data analysis. However, due to participant concerns regarding confidentiality, the researcher suggested introducing a co-facilitator who would record proceedings by making process notes. The additional benefit of this approach included observation data that was obtained during the focus group sessions. A nine-step model was used as a guideline to conduct the focus group discussion and an intervention in the form of a team workshop was designed. The workshop, consisting of three integrated sessions, was implemented and the effect thereof determined by conducting a follow-up session with the team. The data collected from the focus group session before as well as after the workshop was processed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Issues of trustworthiness and data authenticity was dealt with during the focus group sessions by means of reciprocal feedback loops. The teambuilding workshop that was informed by the focus group input, focused on creating awareness around communication (interpersonal), behaviours driven by team values (interpersonal), as well as managing focus and energy (team processes). The team reported that the style and content of the workshop was apt and that the process was a good learning experience. This seems to support research suggesting that team building has a positive effect on developing interpersonal relationships, which could then benefit organisational performance. The results are discussed in relation to theory and suggestions are proposed for future research. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Industrial Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The application of Classification Trees in the Banking Sector
- Authors: Mtwa, Sithayanda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178514 , vital:42946
- Description: Access restricted until April 2026. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Statistics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mtwa, Sithayanda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: To be added
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178514 , vital:42946
- Description: Access restricted until April 2026. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Statistics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The benefits and problems related to the proposed national health insurance in South Africa
- Authors: Mahamba, Thandi Theodore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: National health insurance -- South Africa , Health care reform -- South Africa , Community health services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51820 , vital:43375
- Description: Globally, the focus of many governments is on achieving universal health care for the citizens. In ensuring universal health care for South Africans, a National Health Insurance scheme has been established with a special focus on ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the health sector. South Africa is reforming its health care system by the implementation of the NHI scheme which is seen by the South African government as the key to addressing the shortcomings and disparities in the health care sector in the country. The primary aim of this study was to review the available literature and policies related to the benefits and the problems around the NHI in South Africa. The study sought to determine the benefits associated with the implementation of NHI, to identify the possible challenges that may affect the effective implementation of NHI and to give recommendations based on the study on how the NHI can be implemented in a sustainable way. The Agency theory was adopted as a theoretical framework that guides the study. A qualitative research approach was utilised with the use of the exploratory and descriptive research designs. The data was collected through document analysis and thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the collected data. The findings show that the implementation of NHI in South Africa is beneficial as it will address issues of inequality and scarcity within the health care sector. Notably, there are some underlying shortcomings of the South African health care system which are likely to also affect NHI effective implementation. These include capacity of the government, corruption, mismanagement, wastage of resources, unequal distribution of health care professionals, and lack of knowledge on the part of the health care practitioners. This study concludes that these issues need to be addressed for the effective and efficient implementation of the NHI in South Africa. The study recommends strengthening monitoring and evaluation, accountability, training of more health professionals, conducting a baseline survey and building capacity of the government to implement NHI successfully. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mahamba, Thandi Theodore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: National health insurance -- South Africa , Health care reform -- South Africa , Community health services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51820 , vital:43375
- Description: Globally, the focus of many governments is on achieving universal health care for the citizens. In ensuring universal health care for South Africans, a National Health Insurance scheme has been established with a special focus on ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the health sector. South Africa is reforming its health care system by the implementation of the NHI scheme which is seen by the South African government as the key to addressing the shortcomings and disparities in the health care sector in the country. The primary aim of this study was to review the available literature and policies related to the benefits and the problems around the NHI in South Africa. The study sought to determine the benefits associated with the implementation of NHI, to identify the possible challenges that may affect the effective implementation of NHI and to give recommendations based on the study on how the NHI can be implemented in a sustainable way. The Agency theory was adopted as a theoretical framework that guides the study. A qualitative research approach was utilised with the use of the exploratory and descriptive research designs. The data was collected through document analysis and thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the collected data. The findings show that the implementation of NHI in South Africa is beneficial as it will address issues of inequality and scarcity within the health care sector. Notably, there are some underlying shortcomings of the South African health care system which are likely to also affect NHI effective implementation. These include capacity of the government, corruption, mismanagement, wastage of resources, unequal distribution of health care professionals, and lack of knowledge on the part of the health care practitioners. This study concludes that these issues need to be addressed for the effective and efficient implementation of the NHI in South Africa. The study recommends strengthening monitoring and evaluation, accountability, training of more health professionals, conducting a baseline survey and building capacity of the government to implement NHI successfully. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The combating of gang activities in terms of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 of 1998
- Authors: Lande,Sonwabise
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Crime Prevention- South Africa , Law-- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55175 , vital:49580
- Description: This treatise discuses, the effectiveness of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act (POCA), specifically, Chapter Four of the Act. POCA was enacted for the purposes of tackling, inter alia, the threat posed by money laundering, racketeering and criminal gang activities. Moreover, POCA was enacted to supplement the common law, specifically the doctrines of common purpose, conspiracy, public violence as well as incitement. In this respect, the legislative framework in line with POCA- aimed at addressing money laundering and racketeering have contributed significantly in addressing such crimes. However, the same cannot be said about its effect on dealing with criminal gang activities. The criticisms which have been raised for the increase of criminal gang activities are that the sentences provided for in Chapter Four of POCA are viewed as inadequate in terms of deterrence because they are too lenient. The sentences do not hold gang leaders accountable but rather focus on foot soldiers. Likewise, POCA is similar to and does not expand the common law. This treatise aims to demystify the issues relating to criminal gang activities in South Africa. It investigates the extent to which Chapter Four of POCA adds significant value to the common law in respect of criminalising criminal gang related activities. It concludes and make recommendations on how criminal gang activities can be tackled while upholding South Africa’s constitutional values.bstract text. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Lande,Sonwabise
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Crime Prevention- South Africa , Law-- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55175 , vital:49580
- Description: This treatise discuses, the effectiveness of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act (POCA), specifically, Chapter Four of the Act. POCA was enacted for the purposes of tackling, inter alia, the threat posed by money laundering, racketeering and criminal gang activities. Moreover, POCA was enacted to supplement the common law, specifically the doctrines of common purpose, conspiracy, public violence as well as incitement. In this respect, the legislative framework in line with POCA- aimed at addressing money laundering and racketeering have contributed significantly in addressing such crimes. However, the same cannot be said about its effect on dealing with criminal gang activities. The criticisms which have been raised for the increase of criminal gang activities are that the sentences provided for in Chapter Four of POCA are viewed as inadequate in terms of deterrence because they are too lenient. The sentences do not hold gang leaders accountable but rather focus on foot soldiers. Likewise, POCA is similar to and does not expand the common law. This treatise aims to demystify the issues relating to criminal gang activities in South Africa. It investigates the extent to which Chapter Four of POCA adds significant value to the common law in respect of criminalising criminal gang related activities. It concludes and make recommendations on how criminal gang activities can be tackled while upholding South Africa’s constitutional values.bstract text. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The contribution of export support programmes for small and medium enterprises in the agro-processing sector in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Fihlani, Asisipho
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51400 , vital:43271
- Description: Globally, government export support programmes have been created to assist SMEs with exports. In South Africa, there has been an introduction of government export support programme. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the Export Marketing and Investment Assistance (EMIA) for SMEs in the agro-processing sector in the Eastern Cape, with specific focus on East London and Port Elizabeth. A qualitative methodology meant to acquire in-depth knowledge was employed in the study. A case study was developed, in which EMIA’s contribution to SMEs’ export was the case in study. A group of seventeen participants, which included government officials and SMEs were interviewed and thematic analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of EMIA to agro-processing SME exports. The study found that EMIA was useful towards SME exports but lacked on addressing key barriers to exports faced by SMEs. The study recommends that government should place more emphasis on linking SMEs with proper contacts of buyers in international markets and that SMEs should be incentivised for costs relating to logistics for initial export orders. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Fihlani, Asisipho
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51400 , vital:43271
- Description: Globally, government export support programmes have been created to assist SMEs with exports. In South Africa, there has been an introduction of government export support programme. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the Export Marketing and Investment Assistance (EMIA) for SMEs in the agro-processing sector in the Eastern Cape, with specific focus on East London and Port Elizabeth. A qualitative methodology meant to acquire in-depth knowledge was employed in the study. A case study was developed, in which EMIA’s contribution to SMEs’ export was the case in study. A group of seventeen participants, which included government officials and SMEs were interviewed and thematic analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of EMIA to agro-processing SME exports. The study found that EMIA was useful towards SME exports but lacked on addressing key barriers to exports faced by SMEs. The study recommends that government should place more emphasis on linking SMEs with proper contacts of buyers in international markets and that SMEs should be incentivised for costs relating to logistics for initial export orders. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The correlation between Instagram usage and relationship satisfaction amongst University students
- Authors: Widan, Rio Justine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Online social networks
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52385 , vital:43621
- Description: At the turn of the twenty-first century, advancements in technology evolved at an exponential rate. This surge was mirrored by the rise in popularity and uptake of social networking sites (SNSs), and more recently, by Instagram, especially among emerging adults. SNSs have become an indispensable part of our daily lives and are influencing the ways individuals communicate, and develop and maintain romantic relationships. The Couple and Family Technology (CFT) Framework describes how the ecological elements of technology influence the structures and processes of romantic relationships, and is the lens through which this study was interpreted. The aim of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between Instagram use behaviours and relationship satisfaction amongst university students. This study employed a quantitative research approach and utilised a correlational research design. Participants included a sample of Nelson Mandela University students (N = 231) who were recruited through the nonprobability sampling methods of convenience and purposive sampling. Data were captured online through two measures. The biographical and Instagram use survey measured three variables, namely, frequency of Instagram usage, frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity, and frequency of posting behaviour. The Relationship Assessment Scale measured relationship satisfaction. Significant negative relationships were found between relationship satisfaction and frequency of Instagram usage and frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity. This research study contributed towards the existing body of knowledge, theoretical model, as well as insights for future lines of study within the realm of cyberpsychology. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Widan, Rio Justine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Online social networks
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52385 , vital:43621
- Description: At the turn of the twenty-first century, advancements in technology evolved at an exponential rate. This surge was mirrored by the rise in popularity and uptake of social networking sites (SNSs), and more recently, by Instagram, especially among emerging adults. SNSs have become an indispensable part of our daily lives and are influencing the ways individuals communicate, and develop and maintain romantic relationships. The Couple and Family Technology (CFT) Framework describes how the ecological elements of technology influence the structures and processes of romantic relationships, and is the lens through which this study was interpreted. The aim of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between Instagram use behaviours and relationship satisfaction amongst university students. This study employed a quantitative research approach and utilised a correlational research design. Participants included a sample of Nelson Mandela University students (N = 231) who were recruited through the nonprobability sampling methods of convenience and purposive sampling. Data were captured online through two measures. The biographical and Instagram use survey measured three variables, namely, frequency of Instagram usage, frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity, and frequency of posting behaviour. The Relationship Assessment Scale measured relationship satisfaction. Significant negative relationships were found between relationship satisfaction and frequency of Instagram usage and frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity. This research study contributed towards the existing body of knowledge, theoretical model, as well as insights for future lines of study within the realm of cyberpsychology. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The design of a resource centre for Pellsrus, Jeffreys Bay
- Authors: Bosch, Rickus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Community centers --South Africa --Jeffrey's Bay -- Designs and plans , Jeffrey's Bay (South Africa) --History
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57454 , vital:57872
- Description: The South African city faces an ongoing struggle with adequate social and spatial justice. Citizens have become separated and cultures have been divided owing to the historical formation of the city and the post legislative laws. Because of the growth of cities, certain resources are difficult to access and people need to trav el vast distances and cross dangerous barriers in order to access these resources. This thesis involves the research of social and spatial justice within the South Afri can city, which has resulted in a poor quality of life and a lack of resources. More specifically this thesis aimed at creating an environment that will aid in a better quality of life through spatial and social equity by creating an active and positive space to access certain resources. The particular focus area is the rural community of Pellsrus in Jeffreys Bay. The context has been analysed to enable a sound understanding of the formation of the town, the behaviour of the town and its people, the urban conditions and the spatial structures. Research lead to a site being selected that would form an transition space connecting separated communities and resources. The design is aimed at creating a space for people to gather, gain access to the needed resourc es and act as a linkage or transition zone between certain areas of the town. The objective was to enrich the current movement systems and enhance the existing resources, ultimately resulting in the design of a trade-resource centre in Pellsrus. The architectural design is formulated as a mean of locality and community. A qualitative methodology has been implemented which incorporates various research methods such as surveys, literature reviews, primary and secondary data collection, site sketches, topographic mapping and drone footage. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Bosch, Rickus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Community centers --South Africa --Jeffrey's Bay -- Designs and plans , Jeffrey's Bay (South Africa) --History
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57454 , vital:57872
- Description: The South African city faces an ongoing struggle with adequate social and spatial justice. Citizens have become separated and cultures have been divided owing to the historical formation of the city and the post legislative laws. Because of the growth of cities, certain resources are difficult to access and people need to trav el vast distances and cross dangerous barriers in order to access these resources. This thesis involves the research of social and spatial justice within the South Afri can city, which has resulted in a poor quality of life and a lack of resources. More specifically this thesis aimed at creating an environment that will aid in a better quality of life through spatial and social equity by creating an active and positive space to access certain resources. The particular focus area is the rural community of Pellsrus in Jeffreys Bay. The context has been analysed to enable a sound understanding of the formation of the town, the behaviour of the town and its people, the urban conditions and the spatial structures. Research lead to a site being selected that would form an transition space connecting separated communities and resources. The design is aimed at creating a space for people to gather, gain access to the needed resourc es and act as a linkage or transition zone between certain areas of the town. The objective was to enrich the current movement systems and enhance the existing resources, ultimately resulting in the design of a trade-resource centre in Pellsrus. The architectural design is formulated as a mean of locality and community. A qualitative methodology has been implemented which incorporates various research methods such as surveys, literature reviews, primary and secondary data collection, site sketches, topographic mapping and drone footage. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The design of a youth activity Centre for Parkside, East London
- Authors: De Lange, Natasha
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Youth centers -- South Africa -- East London -- Designs and plans , Community centers -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57479 , vital:57880
- Description: The identity of youth is an important developmental pro - cess in young people’s lives. Youth Centres in South Africa mainly focus on reproductive health services and as a result thereof, are experiencing low visitor num - bers and failing to captivate the youth whom they aim to serve. The very nature in which this takes place today, opens the door for an architectural intervention that has the potential to facilitate and improve this process. This thesis aims to address the issues that today’s youth faces by looking at the metaphorical representa - tion of the ‘street’ as the current place where the youth of today spend their time testing and developing their identity. It aims to rethink the youth centre as a place that combines youth culture and architecture to create a space which provides adequate recreational opportu - nities, and through which youths can reconnect to their surroundings - giving them a much-needed sense of place and identity within the ever-changing city. The idea is ultimately to design a Youth Activity Centre for the Parkside neighbourhood in East London - a de - sign which can express how youth identity can impact architecture in a way that can benefit the development of youth’s identity, and which can re-animate the nature of the ‘street’ through architecture. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Information Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: De Lange, Natasha
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Youth centers -- South Africa -- East London -- Designs and plans , Community centers -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57479 , vital:57880
- Description: The identity of youth is an important developmental pro - cess in young people’s lives. Youth Centres in South Africa mainly focus on reproductive health services and as a result thereof, are experiencing low visitor num - bers and failing to captivate the youth whom they aim to serve. The very nature in which this takes place today, opens the door for an architectural intervention that has the potential to facilitate and improve this process. This thesis aims to address the issues that today’s youth faces by looking at the metaphorical representa - tion of the ‘street’ as the current place where the youth of today spend their time testing and developing their identity. It aims to rethink the youth centre as a place that combines youth culture and architecture to create a space which provides adequate recreational opportu - nities, and through which youths can reconnect to their surroundings - giving them a much-needed sense of place and identity within the ever-changing city. The idea is ultimately to design a Youth Activity Centre for the Parkside neighbourhood in East London - a de - sign which can express how youth identity can impact architecture in a way that can benefit the development of youth’s identity, and which can re-animate the nature of the ‘street’ through architecture. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Information Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The development of a guiding framework to maximise the potential benefits of stokvels: Recent evidence from South Africa
- Authors: Dikwayo, Mziwamadoda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Rotating credit associations -- South Africa , Savings and loan associations -- South Africa , Africans -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51131 , vital:43211
- Description: The financial exclusion of the poor from the formal financial sector has contributed to the never ending cycle of inequality and poverty in South Africa. It is however evident from the R50 billion (Nasasa, 2020) generated each year in the stokvel market, that those previously excluded have been able to create their own informal market with immense potential. The full potential of the stokvel market has however not been adequately explored which has resulted in members not fully utilising this informal sector to improve their standards of living and the formal sector not providing adequate product solutions to benefit members. Majority of stokvels are still focused on traditional rotationally disbursement mechanisms designed for short-term goals (Zondi, 2016) and regardless of the market that has growth to be worth R50 billion, members are yet utilise funds accumulated on instruments and mechanisms to improve standards of livings for themselves, families and general communities. The formal sector provides stokvel savings products that offer stokvels with simple savings mechanism often generating little interests which may not necessarily provide the full potential benefit to the members. This was also shown in a study by African Response (2019) indicating that 40% of stokvels had their money invested in low to no interest accounts. Stokvels have also evolved and are now used for far more than just a simple savings mechanism, with some stokvels focusing on continuous rotationally mechanisms, while others focus on fixed periods. Stokvels can exist for different reasons including for groceries, burial, school fees and longer term purposes such as building houses or buying cars or a combination of these. Solutions available ought to therefore take into consideration the key needs of stokvels while considering short term and medium to long term solutions which current simple savings solutions offered by the formal sector may not completely offer. In keeping up with the market, banks may try to enhance their products but Moliea (2017) concluded that banks were being flexible on things that members did not require. Against the stated research problem, the primary objective of this research is to investigate how the traditional mechanisms of stokvels can be amended and improved to ensure maximum benefits/returns for its members; which benefits are not only long-term in nature, but also taking account of the short-term needs and realities of poor communities within the context of the South African economy. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Dikwayo, Mziwamadoda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Rotating credit associations -- South Africa , Savings and loan associations -- South Africa , Africans -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51131 , vital:43211
- Description: The financial exclusion of the poor from the formal financial sector has contributed to the never ending cycle of inequality and poverty in South Africa. It is however evident from the R50 billion (Nasasa, 2020) generated each year in the stokvel market, that those previously excluded have been able to create their own informal market with immense potential. The full potential of the stokvel market has however not been adequately explored which has resulted in members not fully utilising this informal sector to improve their standards of living and the formal sector not providing adequate product solutions to benefit members. Majority of stokvels are still focused on traditional rotationally disbursement mechanisms designed for short-term goals (Zondi, 2016) and regardless of the market that has growth to be worth R50 billion, members are yet utilise funds accumulated on instruments and mechanisms to improve standards of livings for themselves, families and general communities. The formal sector provides stokvel savings products that offer stokvels with simple savings mechanism often generating little interests which may not necessarily provide the full potential benefit to the members. This was also shown in a study by African Response (2019) indicating that 40% of stokvels had their money invested in low to no interest accounts. Stokvels have also evolved and are now used for far more than just a simple savings mechanism, with some stokvels focusing on continuous rotationally mechanisms, while others focus on fixed periods. Stokvels can exist for different reasons including for groceries, burial, school fees and longer term purposes such as building houses or buying cars or a combination of these. Solutions available ought to therefore take into consideration the key needs of stokvels while considering short term and medium to long term solutions which current simple savings solutions offered by the formal sector may not completely offer. In keeping up with the market, banks may try to enhance their products but Moliea (2017) concluded that banks were being flexible on things that members did not require. Against the stated research problem, the primary objective of this research is to investigate how the traditional mechanisms of stokvels can be amended and improved to ensure maximum benefits/returns for its members; which benefits are not only long-term in nature, but also taking account of the short-term needs and realities of poor communities within the context of the South African economy. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04