From universal to local: perspectives on cultural landscape heritage in South Africa
- Cocks, Michelle L, Vetter, Susan M, Wiersum, K Freerk
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Vetter, Susan M , Wiersum, K Freerk
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141150 , vital:37948 , https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2017.1362573
- Description: The concept of cultural landscapes relates to the multifaceted links between people, place and identity. From a professional perspective, the concept refers to a category of designated conservation areas with specific biocultural heritage values. From a local perspective, it may refer to a landscape that is associated with the provision of a culturally-specific sense of identity and belonging. We explore these two perspectives through a comparative analysis of three cultural landscapes in South Africa, the ‘expert’ designated Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape and the Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape, and the local associative landscape of emaXhoseni, which is not formally recognised. We propose that a biocultural diversity perspective of heritage not only recognises the inextricable relationship between nature and culture, but it also gives prominence to the beliefs, values and practices of local people, and to strengthening their agency to safeguard their heritage in ways and forms that are relevant to them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Vetter, Susan M , Wiersum, K Freerk
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141150 , vital:37948 , https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2017.1362573
- Description: The concept of cultural landscapes relates to the multifaceted links between people, place and identity. From a professional perspective, the concept refers to a category of designated conservation areas with specific biocultural heritage values. From a local perspective, it may refer to a landscape that is associated with the provision of a culturally-specific sense of identity and belonging. We explore these two perspectives through a comparative analysis of three cultural landscapes in South Africa, the ‘expert’ designated Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape and the Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape, and the local associative landscape of emaXhoseni, which is not formally recognised. We propose that a biocultural diversity perspective of heritage not only recognises the inextricable relationship between nature and culture, but it also gives prominence to the beliefs, values and practices of local people, and to strengthening their agency to safeguard their heritage in ways and forms that are relevant to them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Between place and a raised foot: the pace, protest and sway of ambulatory art
- Authors: Simbao, Ruth K
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146468 , vital:38528 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-â-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Simbao, Ruth K
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146468 , vital:38528 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-â-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Features of an annealing-induced thermoluminescence peak in α-Al2O3: C, Mg
- Kalita, Jitumani M, Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Authors: Kalita, Jitumani M , Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116013 , vital:34289 , DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2017.05.034
- Description: We report the thermoluminescence glow curves of beta irradiated single crystal α-Al2O3:C,Mg after annealing at 700 and 900 °C. A glow curve measured at 1 °C/s from samples irradiated to 1 Gy following annealing at 700 and 900 °C shows a high intensity peak at 163 °C and seven secondary peaks of weaker intensity at 43, 73, 100, 195, 280, 329 and 370 °C. Comparing the position of the peaks in the annealed samples with those in an un-annealed one, it is observed that the peak at 100 °C appears only after annealing at and above 700 °C. Kinetic analysis of this annealing-induced peak was carried out using the initial rise, whole glow peak, peak shape, curve fitting and variable heating rate methods. The order of kinetics of the peak was determined as first order using various methods including the Tm-Tstop technique and the dependence of Tm on irradiation dose. The activation energy of the peak is about 1.01 eV and the frequency factor of the order of 1012 s−1. The peak was found to be affected by thermal quenching in analysis based on change of peak intensity with heating rate. The activation energy of thermal quenching was evaluated as 1.06 ± 0.08 eV. We speculate that the annealing-induced peak is due to formation of a new electron trap after destruction of the F22+(2 Mg) centre when the sample is annealed at 700 °C. The annealing-induced peak fades with storage between irradiation and measurement. It was also concluded that electrons from traps corresponding to secondary peaks get re-trapped at the main electron trap.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kalita, Jitumani M , Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116013 , vital:34289 , DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2017.05.034
- Description: We report the thermoluminescence glow curves of beta irradiated single crystal α-Al2O3:C,Mg after annealing at 700 and 900 °C. A glow curve measured at 1 °C/s from samples irradiated to 1 Gy following annealing at 700 and 900 °C shows a high intensity peak at 163 °C and seven secondary peaks of weaker intensity at 43, 73, 100, 195, 280, 329 and 370 °C. Comparing the position of the peaks in the annealed samples with those in an un-annealed one, it is observed that the peak at 100 °C appears only after annealing at and above 700 °C. Kinetic analysis of this annealing-induced peak was carried out using the initial rise, whole glow peak, peak shape, curve fitting and variable heating rate methods. The order of kinetics of the peak was determined as first order using various methods including the Tm-Tstop technique and the dependence of Tm on irradiation dose. The activation energy of the peak is about 1.01 eV and the frequency factor of the order of 1012 s−1. The peak was found to be affected by thermal quenching in analysis based on change of peak intensity with heating rate. The activation energy of thermal quenching was evaluated as 1.06 ± 0.08 eV. We speculate that the annealing-induced peak is due to formation of a new electron trap after destruction of the F22+(2 Mg) centre when the sample is annealed at 700 °C. The annealing-induced peak fades with storage between irradiation and measurement. It was also concluded that electrons from traps corresponding to secondary peaks get re-trapped at the main electron trap.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
Improving fold resistance prediction of HIV-1 against protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors using artificial neural networks:
- Amamuddy, Olivier S, Bishop, Nigel T, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Amamuddy, Olivier S , Bishop, Nigel T , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148261 , vital:38724 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1186/s12859-017-1782-x
- Description: Drug resistance in HIV treatment is still a worldwide problem. Predicting resistance to antiretrovirals (ARVs) before starting any treatment is important. Prediction accuracy is essential, as low-accuracy predictions increase the risk of prescribing sub-optimal drug regimens leading to patients developing resistance sooner. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are a powerful tool that would be able to assist in drug resistance prediction. In this study, we constrained the dataset to subtype B, sacrificing generalizability for a higher predictive performance, and demonstrated that the predictive quality of the ANN regression models have definite improvement for most ARVs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Amamuddy, Olivier S , Bishop, Nigel T , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148261 , vital:38724 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1186/s12859-017-1782-x
- Description: Drug resistance in HIV treatment is still a worldwide problem. Predicting resistance to antiretrovirals (ARVs) before starting any treatment is important. Prediction accuracy is essential, as low-accuracy predictions increase the risk of prescribing sub-optimal drug regimens leading to patients developing resistance sooner. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are a powerful tool that would be able to assist in drug resistance prediction. In this study, we constrained the dataset to subtype B, sacrificing generalizability for a higher predictive performance, and demonstrated that the predictive quality of the ANN regression models have definite improvement for most ARVs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Phototransferred thermoluminescence in α-Al2O3: C, Mg under 470 nm blue light stimulation
- Kalita, Jitumani M, Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Authors: Kalita, Jitumani M , Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116026 , vital:34290 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.04.059
- Description: Phototransferred thermoluminescence (PTTL) in α-Al2O3:C,Mg under 470 nm blue light has been investigated. Conventional thermoluminescence (TL) measured at 1 °C/s following irradiation to 10 Gy shows the main peak (labelled as III) at 163 °C and six secondary peaks I, II, IV, V, VI and VII at 45, 74, 200, 279, 328, 370 °C respectively. When a sample irradiated to 10 Gy is preheated to 220 °C at 1 °C/s to remove peaks I, II, III and IV and then exposed to 470 nm blue light for 100 s, it is found that three peaks I, II and III are reproduced under phototransfer. Kinetic analysis of the PTTL peaks shows that their kinetic parameters are similar to those of peaks I, II and III from conventional TL. Pulse annealing experiments, intended to study the dependence of PTTL peak intensity on preheating temperature, show that the electron traps corresponding to peaks V, VI and VII act as donor traps whereas the traps corresponding to peaks I, II and III act as acceptor traps. Further, it was found that no PTTL can be generated when all the traps corresponding to peaks I, II…VII are erased by preheating after irradiation. The primary conclusion here is that α-Al2O3:C,Mg does not have any deep traps beyond 400 °C sensitive to 470 nm stimulation or if there are any, their concentration is negligible. The PTTL for any of the PTTL peaks mentioned earlier increases with illumination time to a maximum within 400 s for measurements corresponding to doses between 6 and 15 Gy. The dose response of PTTL peaks II and III is linear within 1–15 Gy. Regarding fading, PTTL peak II fades to background level within 18000 s whereas in the same time, PTTL peak III fades down to 40% of its initial intensity.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kalita, Jitumani M , Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116026 , vital:34290 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.04.059
- Description: Phototransferred thermoluminescence (PTTL) in α-Al2O3:C,Mg under 470 nm blue light has been investigated. Conventional thermoluminescence (TL) measured at 1 °C/s following irradiation to 10 Gy shows the main peak (labelled as III) at 163 °C and six secondary peaks I, II, IV, V, VI and VII at 45, 74, 200, 279, 328, 370 °C respectively. When a sample irradiated to 10 Gy is preheated to 220 °C at 1 °C/s to remove peaks I, II, III and IV and then exposed to 470 nm blue light for 100 s, it is found that three peaks I, II and III are reproduced under phototransfer. Kinetic analysis of the PTTL peaks shows that their kinetic parameters are similar to those of peaks I, II and III from conventional TL. Pulse annealing experiments, intended to study the dependence of PTTL peak intensity on preheating temperature, show that the electron traps corresponding to peaks V, VI and VII act as donor traps whereas the traps corresponding to peaks I, II and III act as acceptor traps. Further, it was found that no PTTL can be generated when all the traps corresponding to peaks I, II…VII are erased by preheating after irradiation. The primary conclusion here is that α-Al2O3:C,Mg does not have any deep traps beyond 400 °C sensitive to 470 nm stimulation or if there are any, their concentration is negligible. The PTTL for any of the PTTL peaks mentioned earlier increases with illumination time to a maximum within 400 s for measurements corresponding to doses between 6 and 15 Gy. The dose response of PTTL peaks II and III is linear within 1–15 Gy. Regarding fading, PTTL peak II fades to background level within 18000 s whereas in the same time, PTTL peak III fades down to 40% of its initial intensity.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
Riding the waves: Journalism education in post-apartheid South Africa
- Garman, Anthea, van der Merwe, Mia
- Authors: Garman, Anthea , van der Merwe, Mia
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/158405 , vital:40181 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1177/1077695817720679
- Description: Since 1994, South African journalism education has undergone waves of introspection about curricula and methods of teaching as educators respond to the challenging realities of the post-apartheid environment. The most recent challenge to journalism educators is the student protests which started at the end of 2015, questioning the high costs of education and demanding “decolonization” of curricula. The traditional alignment with media companies has also been upended as the drastic contraction of newsrooms removes the promise of jobs upon graduation and the swiftly shifting digital terrain rearranges the financial basis of all journalism. These factors introduce a dynamism and uncertainty into South African journalism that educators are compelled to respond to with imagination and principle.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Garman, Anthea , van der Merwe, Mia
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/158405 , vital:40181 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1177/1077695817720679
- Description: Since 1994, South African journalism education has undergone waves of introspection about curricula and methods of teaching as educators respond to the challenging realities of the post-apartheid environment. The most recent challenge to journalism educators is the student protests which started at the end of 2015, questioning the high costs of education and demanding “decolonization” of curricula. The traditional alignment with media companies has also been upended as the drastic contraction of newsrooms removes the promise of jobs upon graduation and the swiftly shifting digital terrain rearranges the financial basis of all journalism. These factors introduce a dynamism and uncertainty into South African journalism that educators are compelled to respond to with imagination and principle.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Singing History: Dineo Seshee Bopape’s ‘Sa Kosa Ke Lerole’
- Mukendi, Jean-Sylvain Tshilumba
- Authors: Mukendi, Jean-Sylvain Tshilumba
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147159 , vital:38598 , https://artthrob.co.za/2017/08/15/singing-history-dineo-seshee-bopapes-sa-kosa-ke-lerole/
- Description: In ‘Sa Koša Ke Lerole’, exhibited during the National Arts Festival in Grahamstown, Dineo Seshee Bopape lays the history of the Polokwane Chorale Society – founded in 1977 – on the walls and structure of the Gallery in the Round located in the basement of the Settlers National Monument. In a sterling spatial arrangement of images, texts and sounds, she revives the voices of the first and longest living adult choir in the Limpopo region.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mukendi, Jean-Sylvain Tshilumba
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147159 , vital:38598 , https://artthrob.co.za/2017/08/15/singing-history-dineo-seshee-bopapes-sa-kosa-ke-lerole/
- Description: In ‘Sa Koša Ke Lerole’, exhibited during the National Arts Festival in Grahamstown, Dineo Seshee Bopape lays the history of the Polokwane Chorale Society – founded in 1977 – on the walls and structure of the Gallery in the Round located in the basement of the Settlers National Monument. In a sterling spatial arrangement of images, texts and sounds, she revives the voices of the first and longest living adult choir in the Limpopo region.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Species identification of adult African blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance:
- Lutz, Lena, Williams, Kristin A, Villet, Martin H, Ekanem, Mfon
- Authors: Lutz, Lena , Williams, Kristin A , Villet, Martin H , Ekanem, Mfon
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140620 , vital:37904 , DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1654-y
- Description: Necrophagous blowflies can provide an excellent source of evidence for forensic entomologists and are also relevant to problems in public health, medicine, and animal health. However, access to useful information about these blowflies is constrained by the need to correctly identify the flies, and the poor availability of reliable, accessible identification tools is a serious obstacle to the development of forensic entomology in the majority of African countries. In response to this need, a high-quality key to the adults of all species of forensically relevant blowflies of Africa has been prepared, drawing on high-quality entomological materials and modern focus-stacking photomicroscopy. This new key can be easily applied by investigators inexperienced in the taxonomy of blowflies and is made available through a highly accessible online platform. Problematic diagnostic characters used in previous keys are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Lutz, Lena , Williams, Kristin A , Villet, Martin H , Ekanem, Mfon
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/140620 , vital:37904 , DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1654-y
- Description: Necrophagous blowflies can provide an excellent source of evidence for forensic entomologists and are also relevant to problems in public health, medicine, and animal health. However, access to useful information about these blowflies is constrained by the need to correctly identify the flies, and the poor availability of reliable, accessible identification tools is a serious obstacle to the development of forensic entomology in the majority of African countries. In response to this need, a high-quality key to the adults of all species of forensically relevant blowflies of Africa has been prepared, drawing on high-quality entomological materials and modern focus-stacking photomicroscopy. This new key can be easily applied by investigators inexperienced in the taxonomy of blowflies and is made available through a highly accessible online platform. Problematic diagnostic characters used in previous keys are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Studio photography as a contemporary genre: resisting historical and discursive legacy, forging new tropes
- Authors: Mukendi, J S T
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146533 , vital:38534 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-%E2%80%93-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mukendi, J S T
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146533 , vital:38534 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-%E2%80%93-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Umzila: a mark or track made by dragging any heavy body along the ground
- Authors: Makandula, Sikhumbuzo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146523 , vital:38533 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-â-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Makandula, Sikhumbuzo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146523 , vital:38533 , https://www.ug.edu.gh/events/arts-council-african-studies-association-acasa-17th-triennial-symposium-august-8-â-13-2017
- Description: ACASA facilitates communication among scholars, teachers, students, artists, museum specialists, collectors, and all others interested in the arts of Africa and the African Diaspora. Its goals are to promote greater understanding of African material and expressive culture in all its forms, and to encourage contact and collaboration with African and Diaspora artists and scholars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
University protests, specific performance, and the public/private-law divide
- Authors: Glover, Graham B
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70637 , vital:29683 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-8ff6ee9c3
- Description: The upheaval experienced by most of South Africa’s tertiary institutions in 2015 and 2016 as a result of the #feesmustfall protests made national headlines, and was at certain periods the most significant social and political issue in the nation. Many tertiary institutions looked to the law to try to manage the unfolding events by obtaining the assistance of the South African Police Service (‘SAPS’) to try to restore order in the interests of the academic project. They did so by seeking urgent prohibitory interdicts to establish in as precise terms as possible where the boundaries of lawful and unlawful conduct lay.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Glover, Graham B
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70637 , vital:29683 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-8ff6ee9c3
- Description: The upheaval experienced by most of South Africa’s tertiary institutions in 2015 and 2016 as a result of the #feesmustfall protests made national headlines, and was at certain periods the most significant social and political issue in the nation. Many tertiary institutions looked to the law to try to manage the unfolding events by obtaining the assistance of the South African Police Service (‘SAPS’) to try to restore order in the interests of the academic project. They did so by seeking urgent prohibitory interdicts to establish in as precise terms as possible where the boundaries of lawful and unlawful conduct lay.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
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