Stakeholder engagement and sustainable tourism development in the greater Taung Local Municipal area, North-West Province
- Authors: Mosenogi, Joel Marumo
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Sustainable tourism -- South Africa , Tourism -- Management , Tourism -- South Africa -- North West Province
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73059 , vital:79328
- Description: The global importance of sustainable tourism development as a foundation for economic growth, poverty reduction and employment cannot be over-emphasised, and this is not an exception for the North-West Province of South Africa. Sustainable tourism development is a multi-dimensional phenomenon which needs the involvement of all stakeholders to be a success. This study aims to explore and understand the role of stakeholder engagement on sustainable tourism development in the Greater Taung Local Municipality area. Applying a qualitative research approach under constructivism philosophy and exploratory design, data was collected using open-ended interview schedule. To effectively analyse data, the study adopted thematic approach which was achieved through qualitative techniques which included word cloud, tree maps, cluster analysis, hierarchy charts and word trees. The findings of the study showed that stakeholder engagement is largely dependent on the ability to effectively coordinate relevant stakeholders which is the main responsibility of government. Further findings of the study indicate that given the nature of development and diversity of the tourism industry, stakeholder identification cannot be a once off exercise performed by government alone. While government holds the responsibility of coordination, it is important to ensure that the process of stakeholder identification is as inclusive as possible and most importantly be guided by a set of stakeholder’s identification criteria. There is a need to also ensure that stakeholders are contently engaging. Findings also emphasise the importance of ensuring effective functionality of all formal structures within the tourism sector, the umbrella body and all other forums and stakeholders. These must be well organised, which requires active involvement and participation amongst all stakeholders. To successfully achieve this, various sustainability enablers such as technology, communication, information sharing, responsiveness, marketing, financing and education are important. Most importantly, there is a need for institutionalisation of innovation, research, monitoring and evaluation as the basis for the achievement of stakeholder engagement and sustainable tourism development. The study finally developed a stakeholder engagement and sustainable tourism development framework as a major contribution in the field of tourism. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Mosenogi, Joel Marumo
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Sustainable tourism -- South Africa , Tourism -- Management , Tourism -- South Africa -- North West Province
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73059 , vital:79328
- Description: The global importance of sustainable tourism development as a foundation for economic growth, poverty reduction and employment cannot be over-emphasised, and this is not an exception for the North-West Province of South Africa. Sustainable tourism development is a multi-dimensional phenomenon which needs the involvement of all stakeholders to be a success. This study aims to explore and understand the role of stakeholder engagement on sustainable tourism development in the Greater Taung Local Municipality area. Applying a qualitative research approach under constructivism philosophy and exploratory design, data was collected using open-ended interview schedule. To effectively analyse data, the study adopted thematic approach which was achieved through qualitative techniques which included word cloud, tree maps, cluster analysis, hierarchy charts and word trees. The findings of the study showed that stakeholder engagement is largely dependent on the ability to effectively coordinate relevant stakeholders which is the main responsibility of government. Further findings of the study indicate that given the nature of development and diversity of the tourism industry, stakeholder identification cannot be a once off exercise performed by government alone. While government holds the responsibility of coordination, it is important to ensure that the process of stakeholder identification is as inclusive as possible and most importantly be guided by a set of stakeholder’s identification criteria. There is a need to also ensure that stakeholders are contently engaging. Findings also emphasise the importance of ensuring effective functionality of all formal structures within the tourism sector, the umbrella body and all other forums and stakeholders. These must be well organised, which requires active involvement and participation amongst all stakeholders. To successfully achieve this, various sustainability enablers such as technology, communication, information sharing, responsiveness, marketing, financing and education are important. Most importantly, there is a need for institutionalisation of innovation, research, monitoring and evaluation as the basis for the achievement of stakeholder engagement and sustainable tourism development. The study finally developed a stakeholder engagement and sustainable tourism development framework as a major contribution in the field of tourism. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Strategies to improve coastal and marine tourism sustainability in the Nelson Mandela Bay coastal region
- Authors: Mbangeni, Mihlali
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Tourism -- Environmental aspects -- Port Elizabeth , Tourism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainability -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73003 , vital:79323
- Description: Coastal and marine tourism (CMT) is a rapidly growing subsector of tourism. CMT is a form of tourism that occurs in coastal areas and marine environments. This form of tourism has benefited the coastal and marine environments contributing economically to coastal regions globally. However, in developing regions such as the Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa, pollution, particularly plastics and waste from ships, is an environmental challenge. Thus, the need for managing and planning sustainability in coastal and marine tourism. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the current sustainability strategies used by Nelson Mandela Bay coastal region stakeholders. The interpretivist paradigm enabled a qualitative research approach. Thus, 8 semi-structured interviews were conducted through purposive sampling. Participants were from the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Tourism directorate, top managers of coastal and marine tourism businesses, and ocean economy-related non-profit organisation operators. Thematic analysis was employed using Atlas.ti software and narratives presented the results of the study. The study found current strategies used to ensure sustainability and how the municipality promotes sustainability. CMT businesses practise sustainability and NPO have practical initiatives in place. The challenges identified by the participants were stakeholders not having the same intentions towards sustainability, lack of local community literacy, lack of stakeholder inclusion leading to a lack of collaboration as well as lack of sustainability visible initiatives and regulation. Measures used to mitigate these challenges were, empowering decision makers and local communities by conducting workshops, creatively communicating the importance of sustainability while encouraging more collaboration among stakeholders. Introducing sustainability to children and encourage recycling and separation of waste. Recommendations made were to raise educational awareness, encourage participation through incentives for coastal clean-up and NMB to have a tourism and sustainability office. Provide fresh and updated information on websites as well as local communities should be empowered with knowledge and the skills. Future research should use a comparative analysis with a similar study in a coastal region. It could also look at incorporating a longitudinal study design that could assist and assess the long-term impact of the recommended strategies on sustainability in the area. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Mbangeni, Mihlali
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Tourism -- Environmental aspects -- Port Elizabeth , Tourism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sustainability -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73003 , vital:79323
- Description: Coastal and marine tourism (CMT) is a rapidly growing subsector of tourism. CMT is a form of tourism that occurs in coastal areas and marine environments. This form of tourism has benefited the coastal and marine environments contributing economically to coastal regions globally. However, in developing regions such as the Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa, pollution, particularly plastics and waste from ships, is an environmental challenge. Thus, the need for managing and planning sustainability in coastal and marine tourism. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the current sustainability strategies used by Nelson Mandela Bay coastal region stakeholders. The interpretivist paradigm enabled a qualitative research approach. Thus, 8 semi-structured interviews were conducted through purposive sampling. Participants were from the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Tourism directorate, top managers of coastal and marine tourism businesses, and ocean economy-related non-profit organisation operators. Thematic analysis was employed using Atlas.ti software and narratives presented the results of the study. The study found current strategies used to ensure sustainability and how the municipality promotes sustainability. CMT businesses practise sustainability and NPO have practical initiatives in place. The challenges identified by the participants were stakeholders not having the same intentions towards sustainability, lack of local community literacy, lack of stakeholder inclusion leading to a lack of collaboration as well as lack of sustainability visible initiatives and regulation. Measures used to mitigate these challenges were, empowering decision makers and local communities by conducting workshops, creatively communicating the importance of sustainability while encouraging more collaboration among stakeholders. Introducing sustainability to children and encourage recycling and separation of waste. Recommendations made were to raise educational awareness, encourage participation through incentives for coastal clean-up and NMB to have a tourism and sustainability office. Provide fresh and updated information on websites as well as local communities should be empowered with knowledge and the skills. Future research should use a comparative analysis with a similar study in a coastal region. It could also look at incorporating a longitudinal study design that could assist and assess the long-term impact of the recommended strategies on sustainability in the area. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Substantive equality and the individual right to affirmative action
- Authors: Bothma, Deon
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Equality -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72063 , vital:79182
- Description: The value of- and right to equality is important in all democracies. Equality discourse is particularly important in South Africa considering its unequal colonial and apartheid past. For centuries, certain categories of people have been excluded from fully participating in the economy and in social life while others benefitted substantially. The advent of democracy has called for a new constitutional order and the rule of law with a human rights focus underpinned by the values of non-racialism, freedom, and equality. Dismantling the architecture of oppression would not be possible without placing positive duties on the state and private individuals to redistribute economic and other opportunities from which those previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination had been excluded. The right to equality is a contested concept, and the holistic understanding and application of formal and substantive notions of equality are often misunderstood and misapplied in the courts, business, political debates, and academia. This treatise focuses on the constitutional right to equality, with a specific focus on affirmative action measures and their application in the labour market and employment relations. The conventional notion of equality in the form of formal equality, that is not to be discriminated against, seems to be a stumbling block to the achievement of equality, since it often neglects the duty to provide in the form of substantive equality and positive measures. The Employment Equity Act, which has been enacted to give effect to the constitutional right to equality, distinctly provides provisions regulating the prohibition against unfair discrimination and the promotion of positive measures through affirmative action provisions. Affirmative action provisions in the Employment Equity Act have been a contentious matter among all races, men and women, and people with disabilities who contend for work opportunities in a labour market plagued by high levels of unemployment. Equality jurisprudence has been developing since the advent of democracy under a constitutional order and the subsequent promulgation of the Labour Relations Act and the Employment Equity Act. However, the body of case law has not been consistently developed and has resulted in more divergence in debates around equality provisions in various pieces of legislation. The divergent approaches to equality adjudication have necessitated a critical review of the equality provisions in the Bill of Rights and national employment legislation, and furthermore, an evaluation and critique of the application of relevant legislative provisions. Finally, to contribute to the existing body of literature, recommendations will be advanced for consideration by courts and other bodies empowered to decide disputes involving unfair discrimination and affirmative action. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Bothma, Deon
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Equality -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72063 , vital:79182
- Description: The value of- and right to equality is important in all democracies. Equality discourse is particularly important in South Africa considering its unequal colonial and apartheid past. For centuries, certain categories of people have been excluded from fully participating in the economy and in social life while others benefitted substantially. The advent of democracy has called for a new constitutional order and the rule of law with a human rights focus underpinned by the values of non-racialism, freedom, and equality. Dismantling the architecture of oppression would not be possible without placing positive duties on the state and private individuals to redistribute economic and other opportunities from which those previously disadvantaged by unfair discrimination had been excluded. The right to equality is a contested concept, and the holistic understanding and application of formal and substantive notions of equality are often misunderstood and misapplied in the courts, business, political debates, and academia. This treatise focuses on the constitutional right to equality, with a specific focus on affirmative action measures and their application in the labour market and employment relations. The conventional notion of equality in the form of formal equality, that is not to be discriminated against, seems to be a stumbling block to the achievement of equality, since it often neglects the duty to provide in the form of substantive equality and positive measures. The Employment Equity Act, which has been enacted to give effect to the constitutional right to equality, distinctly provides provisions regulating the prohibition against unfair discrimination and the promotion of positive measures through affirmative action provisions. Affirmative action provisions in the Employment Equity Act have been a contentious matter among all races, men and women, and people with disabilities who contend for work opportunities in a labour market plagued by high levels of unemployment. Equality jurisprudence has been developing since the advent of democracy under a constitutional order and the subsequent promulgation of the Labour Relations Act and the Employment Equity Act. However, the body of case law has not been consistently developed and has resulted in more divergence in debates around equality provisions in various pieces of legislation. The divergent approaches to equality adjudication have necessitated a critical review of the equality provisions in the Bill of Rights and national employment legislation, and furthermore, an evaluation and critique of the application of relevant legislative provisions. Finally, to contribute to the existing body of literature, recommendations will be advanced for consideration by courts and other bodies empowered to decide disputes involving unfair discrimination and affirmative action. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Tax policy and the obesity epidemic: a systematic review
- Authors: Mavuma, Onele
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Obesity , Metabolism -- Disorders , Taxation -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72982 , vital:79302
- Description: Obesity is a serious public health concern that has substantial social, health, and economic consequences for individuals of all ages and genders. Globally, the prevalence of obesity has tripled since the 1980s, and it is predicted to continue to climb yearly in the years to come. Despite the implementation of numerous tax laws around the world to curb the epidemic, its prevalence is still rising dramatically. This study investigated the causes and influences of the obesity epidemic, as well as how tax policies contribute to the fight against obesity epidemic in both developed and developing countries. A systematic review that conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to guarantee that the study's findings are transparent and reproducible by other researchers is employed in this study. This method followed a qualitative research approach, narrative synthesis method, and thematic analysis to analyse the study data. The study found that in developed and developing countries tax policies have a significant impact on altering the demand for unhealthy foods and drinks. In addition, there are a number of factors that contribute to obesity epidemic, including genetics, an environment that promotes obesity, nutrition, physical activity, greater reliance on technology, peer pressure, social networks, cultural norms and beliefs, mass media that promote junk food, lack of health education, and socioeconomic status. Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes, subsidies, or a mix of the two have been shown to be successful in combating the epidemic. In contrast, the South African sugar tax system and the fat tax have been shown to be ineffective tools to fight the epidemic. This study suggests that policymakers need to understand citizens' eating behaviours through behavioural lenses, devise behaviour-informed policies, and utilise nudges to induce healthy behaviours. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Mavuma, Onele
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Obesity , Metabolism -- Disorders , Taxation -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72982 , vital:79302
- Description: Obesity is a serious public health concern that has substantial social, health, and economic consequences for individuals of all ages and genders. Globally, the prevalence of obesity has tripled since the 1980s, and it is predicted to continue to climb yearly in the years to come. Despite the implementation of numerous tax laws around the world to curb the epidemic, its prevalence is still rising dramatically. This study investigated the causes and influences of the obesity epidemic, as well as how tax policies contribute to the fight against obesity epidemic in both developed and developing countries. A systematic review that conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to guarantee that the study's findings are transparent and reproducible by other researchers is employed in this study. This method followed a qualitative research approach, narrative synthesis method, and thematic analysis to analyse the study data. The study found that in developed and developing countries tax policies have a significant impact on altering the demand for unhealthy foods and drinks. In addition, there are a number of factors that contribute to obesity epidemic, including genetics, an environment that promotes obesity, nutrition, physical activity, greater reliance on technology, peer pressure, social networks, cultural norms and beliefs, mass media that promote junk food, lack of health education, and socioeconomic status. Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes, subsidies, or a mix of the two have been shown to be successful in combating the epidemic. In contrast, the South African sugar tax system and the fat tax have been shown to be ineffective tools to fight the epidemic. This study suggests that policymakers need to understand citizens' eating behaviours through behavioural lenses, devise behaviour-informed policies, and utilise nudges to induce healthy behaviours. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Teachers’ understandings and experiences of policies on learner pregnancy in their schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Tshozi, Nomawethu Caroline
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Sex instruction , Family life education , Education, Secondary -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71893 , vital:79149
- Description: Learner pregnancy has increased over the past few years, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa and particularly in the province of the Eastern Cape where this research study is conducted. There have been policies formulated and promulgated in the past to prevent and manage learner pregnancies, however, they have not been successful in lowering numbers of learners getting pregnant. Government has responded to this by revising these policies and introducing comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the curriculum from primary school. This has been met with resistance from school governing bodies and religious groups in the country, thereby delaying implementation. Teachers are having to deal at the coalface with this problem of learners getting pregnant at an early age in their schools. This research study explores teachers’ understandings and experiences of policies on learner pregnancy in their schools in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It takes on qualitative research and an interpretive paradigm following a participatory visual methodology using photovoice and document analysis as data generation methods which culminated in policy briefs. Three township secondary schools from quintile 3 were purposively selected for this study from which eight were Life Orientation teachers and one a learner support agent (LSA) participated. The findings revealed that teachers feel incapacitated in handling sexuality matters and are not adequately enabled to effectively implement the formulated learner pregnancy policies in their schools. In addition, monitoring of the implementation of the learner pregnancy policies and support from the DBE were lacking. Moreover, collaboration with key stakeholders, such as parents, healthcare professionals (including nurses and social workers), and the community, was missing. This study recommends that the Department of Basic Education, through schools, should strengthen prevention strategies and rigorously push for the integration of CSE into the curriculum emphasising responsible decision-making, pregnancy prevention and reproductive health. Additionally, the DBE should provide ongoing training for teachers through in-service development workshops to enhance their understanding of learner pregnancy policies while also monitoring their effective implementation. This has implications for policymakers and curriculum developers to advocate for and design appropriate strategies and resources. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, School of Education, Research and Engagement, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Tshozi, Nomawethu Caroline
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Sex instruction , Family life education , Education, Secondary -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71893 , vital:79149
- Description: Learner pregnancy has increased over the past few years, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa and particularly in the province of the Eastern Cape where this research study is conducted. There have been policies formulated and promulgated in the past to prevent and manage learner pregnancies, however, they have not been successful in lowering numbers of learners getting pregnant. Government has responded to this by revising these policies and introducing comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the curriculum from primary school. This has been met with resistance from school governing bodies and religious groups in the country, thereby delaying implementation. Teachers are having to deal at the coalface with this problem of learners getting pregnant at an early age in their schools. This research study explores teachers’ understandings and experiences of policies on learner pregnancy in their schools in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It takes on qualitative research and an interpretive paradigm following a participatory visual methodology using photovoice and document analysis as data generation methods which culminated in policy briefs. Three township secondary schools from quintile 3 were purposively selected for this study from which eight were Life Orientation teachers and one a learner support agent (LSA) participated. The findings revealed that teachers feel incapacitated in handling sexuality matters and are not adequately enabled to effectively implement the formulated learner pregnancy policies in their schools. In addition, monitoring of the implementation of the learner pregnancy policies and support from the DBE were lacking. Moreover, collaboration with key stakeholders, such as parents, healthcare professionals (including nurses and social workers), and the community, was missing. This study recommends that the Department of Basic Education, through schools, should strengthen prevention strategies and rigorously push for the integration of CSE into the curriculum emphasising responsible decision-making, pregnancy prevention and reproductive health. Additionally, the DBE should provide ongoing training for teachers through in-service development workshops to enhance their understanding of learner pregnancy policies while also monitoring their effective implementation. This has implications for policymakers and curriculum developers to advocate for and design appropriate strategies and resources. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, School of Education, Research and Engagement, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Technology adoption in South African call centres
- Authors: Jonker, Yvette
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Call centers -- Technological innovations , Telecommunication , Technology -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72779 , vital:79262
- Description: Technology adoption is important in the evolution of call centres, where the focus is on automation with minimal human intervention. This study explores the key drivers influencing the adoption of technology in South African call centres. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, the research analyses the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions. It also looks at specifically the call centre environment, concentrating on the challenges and opportunities available due to technological integration. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to call centre employees, yielding a sample of 141 for statistical analysis. Exploratory factor analysis and multivariate techniques were used to identify relationships between the independent factors and the behavioural intention to adopt new technologies. The findings show that performance expectancy and perceived usefulness are the most significant drivers of technology adoption, followed by effort expectancy and facilitating conditions. Social influence appeared as an important mediator, specifically in environments where management plays a dominant role in driving technology adoption. The study's results contribute to theoretical and practical fields. Theoretically, it extends the application of UTAUT by incorporating insights into the unique behavioural and infrastructural challenges of developing economies. Practically, the research gives recommendations for call centre managers, including specific training, increased technical support and strategies to address resistance to change. These insights are relevant for call centres wanting to improve efficiency, employee satisfaction and customer service through effective technological integration. This study supplements existing literature on technology adoption, focusing on the call centre industry. It provides a foundation for future studies and offers a guideline for companies seeking to optimise adopting and implementing new technologies in call centres. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Jonker, Yvette
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Call centers -- Technological innovations , Telecommunication , Technology -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72779 , vital:79262
- Description: Technology adoption is important in the evolution of call centres, where the focus is on automation with minimal human intervention. This study explores the key drivers influencing the adoption of technology in South African call centres. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, the research analyses the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions. It also looks at specifically the call centre environment, concentrating on the challenges and opportunities available due to technological integration. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to call centre employees, yielding a sample of 141 for statistical analysis. Exploratory factor analysis and multivariate techniques were used to identify relationships between the independent factors and the behavioural intention to adopt new technologies. The findings show that performance expectancy and perceived usefulness are the most significant drivers of technology adoption, followed by effort expectancy and facilitating conditions. Social influence appeared as an important mediator, specifically in environments where management plays a dominant role in driving technology adoption. The study's results contribute to theoretical and practical fields. Theoretically, it extends the application of UTAUT by incorporating insights into the unique behavioural and infrastructural challenges of developing economies. Practically, the research gives recommendations for call centre managers, including specific training, increased technical support and strategies to address resistance to change. These insights are relevant for call centres wanting to improve efficiency, employee satisfaction and customer service through effective technological integration. This study supplements existing literature on technology adoption, focusing on the call centre industry. It provides a foundation for future studies and offers a guideline for companies seeking to optimise adopting and implementing new technologies in call centres. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Technology adoption in South African call centres
- Authors: Jonker, Yvette
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Call centers -- Technological innovations , Telecommunication , Call centers -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72783 , vital:79261
- Description: Technology adoption is important in the evolution of call centres, where the focus is on automation with minimal human intervention. This study explores the key drivers influencing the adoption of technology in South African call centres. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, the research analyses the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions. It also looks at specifically the call centre environment, concentrating on the challenges and opportunities available due to technological integration. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to call centre employees, yielding a sample of 141 for statistical analysis. Exploratory factor analysis and multivariate techniques were used to identify relationships between the independent factors and the behavioural intention to adopt new technologies. The findings show that performance expectancy and perceived usefulness are the most significant drivers of technology adoption, followed by effort expectancy and facilitating conditions. Social influence appeared as an important mediator, specifically in environments where management plays a dominant role in driving technology adoption. The study's results contribute to theoretical and practical fields. Theoretically, it extends the application of UTAUT by incorporating insights into the unique behavioural and infrastructural challenges of developing economies. Practically, the research gives recommendations for call centre managers, including specific training, increased technical support and strategies to address resistance to change. These insights are relevant for call centres wanting to improve efficiency, employee satisfaction and customer service through effective technological integration. This study supplements existing literature on technology adoption, focusing on the call centre industry. It provides a foundation for future studies and offers a guideline for companies seeking to optimise adopting and implementing new technologies in call centres. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Jonker, Yvette
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Call centers -- Technological innovations , Telecommunication , Call centers -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72783 , vital:79261
- Description: Technology adoption is important in the evolution of call centres, where the focus is on automation with minimal human intervention. This study explores the key drivers influencing the adoption of technology in South African call centres. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, the research analyses the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions. It also looks at specifically the call centre environment, concentrating on the challenges and opportunities available due to technological integration. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to call centre employees, yielding a sample of 141 for statistical analysis. Exploratory factor analysis and multivariate techniques were used to identify relationships between the independent factors and the behavioural intention to adopt new technologies. The findings show that performance expectancy and perceived usefulness are the most significant drivers of technology adoption, followed by effort expectancy and facilitating conditions. Social influence appeared as an important mediator, specifically in environments where management plays a dominant role in driving technology adoption. The study's results contribute to theoretical and practical fields. Theoretically, it extends the application of UTAUT by incorporating insights into the unique behavioural and infrastructural challenges of developing economies. Practically, the research gives recommendations for call centre managers, including specific training, increased technical support and strategies to address resistance to change. These insights are relevant for call centres wanting to improve efficiency, employee satisfaction and customer service through effective technological integration. This study supplements existing literature on technology adoption, focusing on the call centre industry. It provides a foundation for future studies and offers a guideline for companies seeking to optimise adopting and implementing new technologies in call centres. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
Technology and employment in the alternative banking sector of South Africa
- Authors: Kahlane, Yamkela
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Labor supply -- South Africa -- Technological innovations , Banks and banking -- South Africa , Labor market -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72821 , vital:79266
- Description: Technology is advancing and evolving worldwide, and the financial sector, as an economic development engine, is highly impacted on by financial technology. The study was conducted through an online survey targeting alternative banks in South Africa, involving Corporate Financial Institutions (CFIs), Development Banks (DBs), and Cooperative Banks (CBs. The study aims to assess the impact of technological advancements on employment in the South African financial sector. Despite the positive contributions made by FinTech in the financial system through improving performance, competitiveness, and efficiencies, continuous investment in technology is believed to have ramifications for employment and job security in the labour market. The study uses theoretical and empirical literature to give insight and background of the phenomenon and provide recommendations to the alternative banking sector for skills enhancement and training required to retain workers. Additionally, the study follows a qualitative method approach in data collection and analysis where, in addition to secondary data, surveys are conducted to assess the severity of automation and job security. Data analysis consists of qualitative data analysed using descriptive and thematic analysis. Data suggests that the institutions adopted basic technology to improve efficiency but have not fully embraced automation or online services. This approach may limit their ability to compete with other financial institutions that offer more technologically advanced services. The study's findings reveal that technology has a small impact on ABS, and organizations provide training to improve employee skills. Adapting to these technological developments remains a challenge for some, while others are evolving. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Kahlane, Yamkela
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Labor supply -- South Africa -- Technological innovations , Banks and banking -- South Africa , Labor market -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72821 , vital:79266
- Description: Technology is advancing and evolving worldwide, and the financial sector, as an economic development engine, is highly impacted on by financial technology. The study was conducted through an online survey targeting alternative banks in South Africa, involving Corporate Financial Institutions (CFIs), Development Banks (DBs), and Cooperative Banks (CBs. The study aims to assess the impact of technological advancements on employment in the South African financial sector. Despite the positive contributions made by FinTech in the financial system through improving performance, competitiveness, and efficiencies, continuous investment in technology is believed to have ramifications for employment and job security in the labour market. The study uses theoretical and empirical literature to give insight and background of the phenomenon and provide recommendations to the alternative banking sector for skills enhancement and training required to retain workers. Additionally, the study follows a qualitative method approach in data collection and analysis where, in addition to secondary data, surveys are conducted to assess the severity of automation and job security. Data analysis consists of qualitative data analysed using descriptive and thematic analysis. Data suggests that the institutions adopted basic technology to improve efficiency but have not fully embraced automation or online services. This approach may limit their ability to compete with other financial institutions that offer more technologically advanced services. The study's findings reveal that technology has a small impact on ABS, and organizations provide training to improve employee skills. Adapting to these technological developments remains a challenge for some, while others are evolving. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The 4IR influence on business performance and customer satisfaction in the South African retail industry
- Badaru, Sefeoluwa Oluwarotimi
- Authors: Badaru, Sefeoluwa Oluwarotimi
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Performance , Business -- Evaluation , Industrial revolution
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71970 , vital:79162
- Description: The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is reshaping global business landscapes by introducing advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and data analytics. In the context of the South African retail industry, understanding how 4IR influences business performance and customer satisfaction (CS) is essential for maintaining competitiveness and promoting sustainable growth. This study investigates the impact of 4IR on business performance, and customer satisfaction, using digital marketing strategies (DMS), and customer experience (CX) as intervening variables. A mixed-method approach was employed to capture both quantitative and qualitative insights. Quantitative data were collected through surveys administered to customers, enabling the measurement of relationships among 4IR, DMS, and CX. Qualitative data, derived from semi-structured interviews with industry experts, provided a deeper contextual understanding of how 4IR and DMS influence business performance and CS in real-world retail environments. The findings reveal that 4IR technologies significantly contribute to operational efficiency, supply chain management, and the generation of data-driven insights, thereby enhancing both business performance and customer satisfaction. A strong positive relationship emerged between 4IR and DMS, indicating that the integration of advanced tools, such as AI-driven personalisation, substantially improves DMS efficiency. However, 4IR’s direct influence on CX was not found to be significant, suggesting that while technologies like tap-to-pay and IoT improve convenience, they do not alone elevate the overall CX. Furthermore, DMS demonstrated no significant direct effect on CX, implying that its benefits must be combined with service quality for meaningful improvements. In contrast, DMS had a pronounced positive impact on business performance by boosting customer acquisition, retention, and revenue. Finally, the study showed that enhanced CX, marked by seamless navigation and personalisation, significantly drives CS and brand loyalty. Building on these insights, the study developed a strategic framework for retail digital transformation, providing a structured approach for retailers to integrate 4IR technologies effectively. This framework emphasises the need for a balanced combination of technology adoption and integration, human capital development, process optimisation, ethical and strategic governance, evaluation and continous improvement and collaborative ecosystem development to maximise business performance and long-term customer engagement. This research highlights the crucial role of 4IR in shaping modern retail practices in South Africa as the adoption of advanced 4IR technologies and effective DMS can substantially improve operational processes and financial outcomes. However, to translate these advancements into memorable CXs, retailers must align technological innovations with high service quality and personalisation efforts. These findings bear significant implications for retail managers, policymakers, and marketers, as they highlight the necessity of strategic investments in both technology and customer-centric practices. Future studies could explore cross-cultural contexts and longitudinal assessments to further validate the influence of 4IR-driven retail strategies on business performance and customer satisfaction. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Badaru, Sefeoluwa Oluwarotimi
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Performance , Business -- Evaluation , Industrial revolution
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/71970 , vital:79162
- Description: The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is reshaping global business landscapes by introducing advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and data analytics. In the context of the South African retail industry, understanding how 4IR influences business performance and customer satisfaction (CS) is essential for maintaining competitiveness and promoting sustainable growth. This study investigates the impact of 4IR on business performance, and customer satisfaction, using digital marketing strategies (DMS), and customer experience (CX) as intervening variables. A mixed-method approach was employed to capture both quantitative and qualitative insights. Quantitative data were collected through surveys administered to customers, enabling the measurement of relationships among 4IR, DMS, and CX. Qualitative data, derived from semi-structured interviews with industry experts, provided a deeper contextual understanding of how 4IR and DMS influence business performance and CS in real-world retail environments. The findings reveal that 4IR technologies significantly contribute to operational efficiency, supply chain management, and the generation of data-driven insights, thereby enhancing both business performance and customer satisfaction. A strong positive relationship emerged between 4IR and DMS, indicating that the integration of advanced tools, such as AI-driven personalisation, substantially improves DMS efficiency. However, 4IR’s direct influence on CX was not found to be significant, suggesting that while technologies like tap-to-pay and IoT improve convenience, they do not alone elevate the overall CX. Furthermore, DMS demonstrated no significant direct effect on CX, implying that its benefits must be combined with service quality for meaningful improvements. In contrast, DMS had a pronounced positive impact on business performance by boosting customer acquisition, retention, and revenue. Finally, the study showed that enhanced CX, marked by seamless navigation and personalisation, significantly drives CS and brand loyalty. Building on these insights, the study developed a strategic framework for retail digital transformation, providing a structured approach for retailers to integrate 4IR technologies effectively. This framework emphasises the need for a balanced combination of technology adoption and integration, human capital development, process optimisation, ethical and strategic governance, evaluation and continous improvement and collaborative ecosystem development to maximise business performance and long-term customer engagement. This research highlights the crucial role of 4IR in shaping modern retail practices in South Africa as the adoption of advanced 4IR technologies and effective DMS can substantially improve operational processes and financial outcomes. However, to translate these advancements into memorable CXs, retailers must align technological innovations with high service quality and personalisation efforts. These findings bear significant implications for retail managers, policymakers, and marketers, as they highlight the necessity of strategic investments in both technology and customer-centric practices. Future studies could explore cross-cultural contexts and longitudinal assessments to further validate the influence of 4IR-driven retail strategies on business performance and customer satisfaction. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The application of section 197 of the labour relations act 66 of 1995 on termination of service-level agreements
- Mthembu-Luthuli, Nomzamo Vuyiswa
- Authors: Mthembu-Luthuli, Nomzamo Vuyiswa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Employees -- Dismissal of -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Labor disputes -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72168 , vital:79194
- Description: Striking a balance between the rights of employees to fair labour practices, the primary objective of the Labour Relations Act1 to advance economic development which essentially entails ensuring job security versus employers’ rights to fair labour practices has caused a significant hurdle in the employment and industrial law arena. In an endeavour to bridge this gap, section 197 of the LRA was legislated to ensure the job security of the employees during the transfer of businesses by one employer to another, whilst also ensuring smooth transfer and stability of businesses during such transfers. Section 197 of the LRA suggests that employees are automatically transferred to a new employer in the event of a business being transferred as a going concern in accordance with section 197 of the LRA.2 1 66 , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Mthembu-Luthuli, Nomzamo Vuyiswa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Employees -- Dismissal of -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa , Labor disputes -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72168 , vital:79194
- Description: Striking a balance between the rights of employees to fair labour practices, the primary objective of the Labour Relations Act1 to advance economic development which essentially entails ensuring job security versus employers’ rights to fair labour practices has caused a significant hurdle in the employment and industrial law arena. In an endeavour to bridge this gap, section 197 of the LRA was legislated to ensure the job security of the employees during the transfer of businesses by one employer to another, whilst also ensuring smooth transfer and stability of businesses during such transfers. Section 197 of the LRA suggests that employees are automatically transferred to a new employer in the event of a business being transferred as a going concern in accordance with section 197 of the LRA.2 1 66 , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The asymmetric relationship between credit cycle and business cycle in South Africa
- Authors: Sotashe, Mlibo
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Business cycles -- South Africa , Credit , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73710 , vital:79496
- Description: Understanding the relationship between credit cycles and business cycles in South Africa is essential due to their significant impact on economic growth, financial stability, and employment. Given the country's history of financial volatility and structural economic challenges, analysing how private and public sector credit fluctuations influence business cycles provides crucial insights for policy formulation, risk management, and sustainable economic development. This study investigates the asymmetric relationship between credit cycles and business cycles in South Africa, focusing on both private and public sector credit. The objective is to understand how credit dynamics interact with business cycles and inform monetary and fiscal policies aimed at mitigating procyclicality and enhancing macroeconomic stability. To achieve this objective, this study used quarterly data from 1980Q1 to 2024Q1 from the South African Reserve Bank and employed the Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), Non-linear ARDL (NARDL), and Three-Regime Threshold ARDL (TARDL) models to analyse both long- and short-run dynamics. Stationarity tests, the Hodrick-Prescott filter for cyclical components, and the Brock-Dechert-Scheinkman (BDS) test for nonlinearity were also applied. The key findings are: 1) A strong long- and short-term relationship exists between credit and the business cycle in South Africa. 2) Private sector credit significantly drives business cycle fluctuations, but its impact is temporary. 3) Credit expansions are procyclical, boosting growth during upswings, while contractions deepen downturns. 4) Public sector credit has a limited influence, with occasional countercyclical effects. 5) Bidirectional causality between credit and the business cycle underscores the need for policy interventions to manage credit-driven volatility. The procyclical relationship between credit and business cycles amplifies economic vulnerabilities, threatening financial stability by creating feedback loops that may lead to defaults, liquidity crises, and widening income inequality as vulnerable groups face restricted access to credit. To mitigate these risks, policymakers must adopt countercyclical measures, such as tightening credit during booms and providing stimulus during recessions, while reinforcing regulatory frameworks to safeguard financial stability. Based on these findings, the study recommends enhancing South Africa’s economic and financial stability by addressing procyclical credit cycles. Key measures include strengthening countercyclical capital buffers for banks, establishing fiscal stabilization funds, and investing in advanced financial monitoring systems for timely interventions. Additionally, promoting , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Sotashe, Mlibo
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Business cycles -- South Africa , Credit , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73710 , vital:79496
- Description: Understanding the relationship between credit cycles and business cycles in South Africa is essential due to their significant impact on economic growth, financial stability, and employment. Given the country's history of financial volatility and structural economic challenges, analysing how private and public sector credit fluctuations influence business cycles provides crucial insights for policy formulation, risk management, and sustainable economic development. This study investigates the asymmetric relationship between credit cycles and business cycles in South Africa, focusing on both private and public sector credit. The objective is to understand how credit dynamics interact with business cycles and inform monetary and fiscal policies aimed at mitigating procyclicality and enhancing macroeconomic stability. To achieve this objective, this study used quarterly data from 1980Q1 to 2024Q1 from the South African Reserve Bank and employed the Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), Non-linear ARDL (NARDL), and Three-Regime Threshold ARDL (TARDL) models to analyse both long- and short-run dynamics. Stationarity tests, the Hodrick-Prescott filter for cyclical components, and the Brock-Dechert-Scheinkman (BDS) test for nonlinearity were also applied. The key findings are: 1) A strong long- and short-term relationship exists between credit and the business cycle in South Africa. 2) Private sector credit significantly drives business cycle fluctuations, but its impact is temporary. 3) Credit expansions are procyclical, boosting growth during upswings, while contractions deepen downturns. 4) Public sector credit has a limited influence, with occasional countercyclical effects. 5) Bidirectional causality between credit and the business cycle underscores the need for policy interventions to manage credit-driven volatility. The procyclical relationship between credit and business cycles amplifies economic vulnerabilities, threatening financial stability by creating feedback loops that may lead to defaults, liquidity crises, and widening income inequality as vulnerable groups face restricted access to credit. To mitigate these risks, policymakers must adopt countercyclical measures, such as tightening credit during booms and providing stimulus during recessions, while reinforcing regulatory frameworks to safeguard financial stability. Based on these findings, the study recommends enhancing South Africa’s economic and financial stability by addressing procyclical credit cycles. Key measures include strengthening countercyclical capital buffers for banks, establishing fiscal stabilization funds, and investing in advanced financial monitoring systems for timely interventions. Additionally, promoting , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The career development of Walt Disney: a psychobiography
- Authors: Singh, Romisha
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Disney, Walt, -- 1901-1966 , Animators -- United States -- Biography , Career development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73673 , vital:79493
- Description: The concept of career development has evolved over the years. This evolution has brought about multiple theoretical frameworks that share characteristics that were designed to achieve the same purpose. In an attempt to alleviate the use of multiple theoretical frameworks, especially stage-based frameworks, that serve the same purpose, the Career Development Framework was created. The Career Development Framework is a synthesised theoretical framework created from the developmental tasks and the career development views from three existing frameworks. Through the application of the psychobiographical approach, the Career Development Framework lens was utilised to explore, describe and interpret Walt Disney’s career development. Disney was noted to have engaged in multiple jobs, roles, and responsibilities throughout his career, some of which were engaged in simultaneously. He was also noted to have aggressively committed to career goal attainment even at the expense of his health and relationships. The findings demonstrated the complex career of an entrepreneur who spent the majority of his life forging a career that garnered recognition and respect from the entertainment industry as well as the world. Even though Disney began working in his late teens, he only attained success, respect and recognition after the success of Disneyland in 1955. However, his joy and satisfaction were short-lived as he succumbed to lung cancer at the age of 65. In his quest for greatness, Disney faced many challenges and overcame many obstacles. As a result, his career behaviours reflected an individual who engaged in numerous developmental tasks across multiple phases consistently and simultaneously. This finding therefore suggested that his career developed in a non-linear manner. Despite several challenges, the study yielded valuable findings. Through the use of the Career Development Framework, the psychobiographical study on Disney’s career development inferred that career is a unique experience for each individual and therefore develops in a unique manner. It also alluded to the finding that a set number of tasks and a rigid view on career development can fail to illustrate the career development of an individual holistically. Moreover, the study found that individuals engage in behaviours that are shaped by their experiences, thus not all tasks are relevant to every individual. Therefore, it is inferred that incomplete tasks and tasks not attempted, do not necessarily have negative outcomes. Likewise, the successful completion of tasks does not necessarily result in positive outcomes. Thus, through the use of the Career Development Framework, Disney’s career behaviours and development allude to his legacy and his status as an extraordinary individual who impacted the lives of many. While this is the first psychobiographical study to use the Career Development Framework, the study supports the view that a synthesised framework is more beneficial. Therefore, the researcher recommends further use of the theoretical framework on various extraordinary individuals, across an array of careers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Singh, Romisha
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Disney, Walt, -- 1901-1966 , Animators -- United States -- Biography , Career development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73673 , vital:79493
- Description: The concept of career development has evolved over the years. This evolution has brought about multiple theoretical frameworks that share characteristics that were designed to achieve the same purpose. In an attempt to alleviate the use of multiple theoretical frameworks, especially stage-based frameworks, that serve the same purpose, the Career Development Framework was created. The Career Development Framework is a synthesised theoretical framework created from the developmental tasks and the career development views from three existing frameworks. Through the application of the psychobiographical approach, the Career Development Framework lens was utilised to explore, describe and interpret Walt Disney’s career development. Disney was noted to have engaged in multiple jobs, roles, and responsibilities throughout his career, some of which were engaged in simultaneously. He was also noted to have aggressively committed to career goal attainment even at the expense of his health and relationships. The findings demonstrated the complex career of an entrepreneur who spent the majority of his life forging a career that garnered recognition and respect from the entertainment industry as well as the world. Even though Disney began working in his late teens, he only attained success, respect and recognition after the success of Disneyland in 1955. However, his joy and satisfaction were short-lived as he succumbed to lung cancer at the age of 65. In his quest for greatness, Disney faced many challenges and overcame many obstacles. As a result, his career behaviours reflected an individual who engaged in numerous developmental tasks across multiple phases consistently and simultaneously. This finding therefore suggested that his career developed in a non-linear manner. Despite several challenges, the study yielded valuable findings. Through the use of the Career Development Framework, the psychobiographical study on Disney’s career development inferred that career is a unique experience for each individual and therefore develops in a unique manner. It also alluded to the finding that a set number of tasks and a rigid view on career development can fail to illustrate the career development of an individual holistically. Moreover, the study found that individuals engage in behaviours that are shaped by their experiences, thus not all tasks are relevant to every individual. Therefore, it is inferred that incomplete tasks and tasks not attempted, do not necessarily have negative outcomes. Likewise, the successful completion of tasks does not necessarily result in positive outcomes. Thus, through the use of the Career Development Framework, Disney’s career behaviours and development allude to his legacy and his status as an extraordinary individual who impacted the lives of many. While this is the first psychobiographical study to use the Career Development Framework, the study supports the view that a synthesised framework is more beneficial. Therefore, the researcher recommends further use of the theoretical framework on various extraordinary individuals, across an array of careers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The contribution of gender bonds towards women’s economic empowerment in South Africa
- Authors: Klaas, Avuyonke
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Women -- Economic conditions , Women -- Employment , Economic development -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72857 , vital:79272
- Description: Gender inequalities in developing countries continue to hinder the potential of women globally. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender inequalities in developing countries. The United Nations emphasises the need to empower women and girls by providing economic resources to achieve sustainable development. Because gender bonds are still in their early stages of development, there is no primary data on them in South Africa, hence a secondary data approach was used. The primary goal of this research was to explore the impact of gender bonds on women's economic empowerment in South Africa. Data were acquired from two impact reports, eight International Capital Markets Association frameworks, two country reports, seven YouTube success stories, two second-party opinion reports, two disbursement reports, three issuance toolkits, two external reviewers' reports, and academic articles which were utilised to analyse the outcomes, outputs and impacts of the gender bonds. The analysis revealed that gender bonds contribute towards women’s economic empowerment. Furthermore, South Africa should consider issuing a gender bond that prioritises rural women, working in productive sectors, coupled with technical skills development, and should consider the South African context when considering borrowers by business size and borrowers by age, and bond issuers should collaborate on social impact investing. This study showed that gender bonds contribute not just to SDG 5 (gender equality), but to many other SDGs such as SDG 2 (zero hunger), SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 4 (quality basic education), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), SDG 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure) SDG 10 (Reducing Inequalities) and SDG 12 (responsible consumption). The study contributes to the limited body of knowledge on gender bonds and women’s economic empowerment in South Africa. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Klaas, Avuyonke
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Women -- Economic conditions , Women -- Employment , Economic development -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72857 , vital:79272
- Description: Gender inequalities in developing countries continue to hinder the potential of women globally. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender inequalities in developing countries. The United Nations emphasises the need to empower women and girls by providing economic resources to achieve sustainable development. Because gender bonds are still in their early stages of development, there is no primary data on them in South Africa, hence a secondary data approach was used. The primary goal of this research was to explore the impact of gender bonds on women's economic empowerment in South Africa. Data were acquired from two impact reports, eight International Capital Markets Association frameworks, two country reports, seven YouTube success stories, two second-party opinion reports, two disbursement reports, three issuance toolkits, two external reviewers' reports, and academic articles which were utilised to analyse the outcomes, outputs and impacts of the gender bonds. The analysis revealed that gender bonds contribute towards women’s economic empowerment. Furthermore, South Africa should consider issuing a gender bond that prioritises rural women, working in productive sectors, coupled with technical skills development, and should consider the South African context when considering borrowers by business size and borrowers by age, and bond issuers should collaborate on social impact investing. This study showed that gender bonds contribute not just to SDG 5 (gender equality), but to many other SDGs such as SDG 2 (zero hunger), SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 4 (quality basic education), SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), SDG 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure) SDG 10 (Reducing Inequalities) and SDG 12 (responsible consumption). The study contributes to the limited body of knowledge on gender bonds and women’s economic empowerment in South Africa. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The contribution of the expanded public works programme infrastructure sector to alleviate conditions of poverty
- Authors: Jacobs, Andrew
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: South Africa -- Expanded Public Works Programme , Public works -- South Africa , Poverty -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/${Handle} , vital:79254
- Description: Almost 30 years after the end of apartheid South Africa continues to experience the highest rates of unemployment, poverty and inequality in the world. This has the potential to result in massive socio-economic instability. Renewed interest has been identified in public works programmes, which has the potential to contribute towards reducing the triple burden of unemployment, poverty and inequality. The protection and creation of jobs through public employment programmes, including the creation of jobs through the traditional Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP), has become an important part of South Africa’s strategy for economic growth and stability. The aim of this study was to contribute to a deeper insight into the capacity of the EPWP to contribute towards reducing unemployment and poverty to improve the livelihoods of vulnerable communities and set out to: - Explore how employment under the infrastructure sector of EPWP has contributed to the household income of the beneficiaries. Explore how the income received from employment under the infrastructure sector of EPWP is used within the households. Identify and explore the skills the beneficiaries have developed by participating in the infrastructure sector of EPWP. Explore the perceived experiences of the beneficiaries’ participation in the infrastructure sector of EPWP. A qualitative case study design was employed to explore the insights and experiences of the beneficiaries participating in the infrastructure sector of EPWP in the Buffalo City Metro (BCM). Data was collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the current and former EPWP beneficiaries in BCM to understand the experiential lens of the participants. The findings indicated that income received from EPWP employment is a valuable supplement to household income, enabling households to manage under conditions of increasing costs of living. Key shortcomings of the EPWP include the temporary nature of benefits, low income levels, inadequate training and inability to improve future employability. The study revealed the importance of income relief provided through short-term employment under EPWP for those unemployed beneficiaries living in conditions of poverty. Despite its shortcomings, the potential of EPWP as a policy tool to assist low-skilled unemployed workers to cope with economic shocks in the short term cannot be ignored. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Jacobs, Andrew
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: South Africa -- Expanded Public Works Programme , Public works -- South Africa , Poverty -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/${Handle} , vital:79254
- Description: Almost 30 years after the end of apartheid South Africa continues to experience the highest rates of unemployment, poverty and inequality in the world. This has the potential to result in massive socio-economic instability. Renewed interest has been identified in public works programmes, which has the potential to contribute towards reducing the triple burden of unemployment, poverty and inequality. The protection and creation of jobs through public employment programmes, including the creation of jobs through the traditional Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP), has become an important part of South Africa’s strategy for economic growth and stability. The aim of this study was to contribute to a deeper insight into the capacity of the EPWP to contribute towards reducing unemployment and poverty to improve the livelihoods of vulnerable communities and set out to: - Explore how employment under the infrastructure sector of EPWP has contributed to the household income of the beneficiaries. Explore how the income received from employment under the infrastructure sector of EPWP is used within the households. Identify and explore the skills the beneficiaries have developed by participating in the infrastructure sector of EPWP. Explore the perceived experiences of the beneficiaries’ participation in the infrastructure sector of EPWP. A qualitative case study design was employed to explore the insights and experiences of the beneficiaries participating in the infrastructure sector of EPWP in the Buffalo City Metro (BCM). Data was collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the current and former EPWP beneficiaries in BCM to understand the experiential lens of the participants. The findings indicated that income received from EPWP employment is a valuable supplement to household income, enabling households to manage under conditions of increasing costs of living. Key shortcomings of the EPWP include the temporary nature of benefits, low income levels, inadequate training and inability to improve future employability. The study revealed the importance of income relief provided through short-term employment under EPWP for those unemployed beneficiaries living in conditions of poverty. Despite its shortcomings, the potential of EPWP as a policy tool to assist low-skilled unemployed workers to cope with economic shocks in the short term cannot be ignored. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The economic empowerment of women in rural arts and crafts making: the case of Cegcuwana village
- Authors: Sitoto, Khanyisa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Empowerment -- Women , Arts and craft movement -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72519 , vital:79234
- Description: This study focuses on the contribution of arts and crafts projects to the Cegcuwana Village in Umtata, in the Eastern Cape. The key research questions are as follows: Which challenges are women facing with regard to arts and crafts projects in Cengcuwana? What is the relationship between these projects and women's empowerment in the village? How do women make sense of these projects, and how do they respond to the fact that they work in a space dominated by men? In this study, the data were collected using a qualitative research method. This involved conducting interviews with 15 participants from the Cegcuwana Village in Umtata, in the Eastern Cape. The interviews were conducted physically; with the researcher going into the field to interact with the participants to observe and engage them while they were creating their products. The data were recorded in IsiXhosa and transcribed into English. The conceptual framework is used to understand the challenges facing women in the Cegcuwana Village regarding gender inequality. Finally, the study reveals that these arts and crafts projects provide them with economic freedom; they also assist them in preserving and promoting their heritage to maintain their identity. It is recommended that further research is necessary to investigate the challenges facing these projects , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Science, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Sitoto, Khanyisa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Empowerment -- Women , Arts and craft movement -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72519 , vital:79234
- Description: This study focuses on the contribution of arts and crafts projects to the Cegcuwana Village in Umtata, in the Eastern Cape. The key research questions are as follows: Which challenges are women facing with regard to arts and crafts projects in Cengcuwana? What is the relationship between these projects and women's empowerment in the village? How do women make sense of these projects, and how do they respond to the fact that they work in a space dominated by men? In this study, the data were collected using a qualitative research method. This involved conducting interviews with 15 participants from the Cegcuwana Village in Umtata, in the Eastern Cape. The interviews were conducted physically; with the researcher going into the field to interact with the participants to observe and engage them while they were creating their products. The data were recorded in IsiXhosa and transcribed into English. The conceptual framework is used to understand the challenges facing women in the Cegcuwana Village regarding gender inequality. Finally, the study reveals that these arts and crafts projects provide them with economic freedom; they also assist them in preserving and promoting their heritage to maintain their identity. It is recommended that further research is necessary to investigate the challenges facing these projects , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Science, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The effect of business banking on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the city of Cape Town
- Authors: Tshongweni, Siviwe
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa -- Cape Town , Small business -- Finance , Banks and banking -- South Africa -- Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73766 , vital:79531
- Description: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) serve as the backbone of economies in developed and developing countries, significantly contributing to job creation, innovation, and economic growth. However, many SMEs encounter challenges in accessing sufficient financial resources, which limits their potential for sustainable development. This study examined the effect of business banking on the financial performance of SMEs in the manufacturing sector of Cape Town. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 29.0 was used for quantitative data analysis. A self-administered five-point Likert scale questionnaire was distributed to 184 participants, resulting in a 72% response rate and 132 valid responses. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach’s α, yielding an overall value of 0.760, which is deemed acceptable for exploratory research and close to the threshold for excellent reliability. The findings indicate that BFS and BBS had the strongest positive influence on the financial performance of SMEs, with regression analysis showing significant predictive power for BFS (β = 0.287, p = 0.001) and BBS (β = 0.177, p = 0.032). Additionally, CR (β = 0.245, p = 0.004) demonstrated a notable relationship, though its restrictive nature posed challenges for SMEs. FIA indicated a marginal direct effect on the financial performance of SMEs but revealed potential when coupled with financial literacy programmes and digital tools. Correlation analysis confirmed moderate to high associations between BFS and BBS with financial performance. A one-way ANOVA indicated significant group differences based on financial access and the utilisation of banking services. Homogeneity testing further validated the robustness of the ANOVA results, ensuring reliable findings. The study recommends revising collateral policies to incorporate alternative security options, increasing access to flexible financing solutions, and enhancing tailored banking services for SMEs. It also emphasises the importance of financial literacy initiatives and the integration of digital tools to maximise the utility of FIA. It is suggested that, in future research, sample sizes should be expanded for greater generalisability, and the study should be replicated in other South African provinces to capture regional differences. A mixed methods approach could be adopted to integrate qualitative insights. Incorporating these suggestions in future research would enhance understanding and support targeted interventions. This study highlights the critical role of business banking in SME development, providing actionable insights and strategies to address financial challenges and support SMEs in achieving sustainable growth in the evolving economic landscape of Cape Town. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Tshongweni, Siviwe
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa -- Cape Town , Small business -- Finance , Banks and banking -- South Africa -- Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73766 , vital:79531
- Description: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) serve as the backbone of economies in developed and developing countries, significantly contributing to job creation, innovation, and economic growth. However, many SMEs encounter challenges in accessing sufficient financial resources, which limits their potential for sustainable development. This study examined the effect of business banking on the financial performance of SMEs in the manufacturing sector of Cape Town. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 29.0 was used for quantitative data analysis. A self-administered five-point Likert scale questionnaire was distributed to 184 participants, resulting in a 72% response rate and 132 valid responses. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach’s α, yielding an overall value of 0.760, which is deemed acceptable for exploratory research and close to the threshold for excellent reliability. The findings indicate that BFS and BBS had the strongest positive influence on the financial performance of SMEs, with regression analysis showing significant predictive power for BFS (β = 0.287, p = 0.001) and BBS (β = 0.177, p = 0.032). Additionally, CR (β = 0.245, p = 0.004) demonstrated a notable relationship, though its restrictive nature posed challenges for SMEs. FIA indicated a marginal direct effect on the financial performance of SMEs but revealed potential when coupled with financial literacy programmes and digital tools. Correlation analysis confirmed moderate to high associations between BFS and BBS with financial performance. A one-way ANOVA indicated significant group differences based on financial access and the utilisation of banking services. Homogeneity testing further validated the robustness of the ANOVA results, ensuring reliable findings. The study recommends revising collateral policies to incorporate alternative security options, increasing access to flexible financing solutions, and enhancing tailored banking services for SMEs. It also emphasises the importance of financial literacy initiatives and the integration of digital tools to maximise the utility of FIA. It is suggested that, in future research, sample sizes should be expanded for greater generalisability, and the study should be replicated in other South African provinces to capture regional differences. A mixed methods approach could be adopted to integrate qualitative insights. Incorporating these suggestions in future research would enhance understanding and support targeted interventions. This study highlights the critical role of business banking in SME development, providing actionable insights and strategies to address financial challenges and support SMEs in achieving sustainable growth in the evolving economic landscape of Cape Town. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The effect of language policy on language experiences of students in higher education micro spaces
- Authors: Dani, Zizipho Paillis
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Language policy -- South Africa , Language and education -- South Africa , Language planning -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72240 , vital:79201
- Description: This study explored how the implementation of language policies or lack thereof within micro spaces in educational institutions can affect the language experience of the students in these spaces. The micro spaces that this study refers to are classrooms, social spaces, and residences in institutions of higher education and learning. Institutions of higher education and training have developed language policies that are in place, but these policies concentrate more on the corporate and pedagogical side of the institutions, excluding the micro spaces, although they still exist in the institution. In addition, the study explored matters about language policy in the academic spaces of Basic and Higher Education Institutions. It investigated the effect of the implementation of the institutional language policies of South African higher education institutions on the micro spaces that form part of the institution and how it has affected students living in these spaces who have experienced it. The study used qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide evidence of the growing need for research focused on language in these spaces. The participants of the study were aged from 18–65, because the age range covered both the lecturers who teach using English as the main mode of instruction, as per their institutional language policies, and the students who are taught using English as a Second or First Additional Language. The questionnaire was disseminated via social media outlets, garnering responses from 70 participants, while those interviewed consisted of 18 participants comprising nine lecturers and nine students. The study uses belonging as a lens through which the language experiences are analysed of South African students in educational spaces. The findings of this study indicate that the National Language Policy, which was formulated to promote multilingualism, advocates for equality of all the official languages and upholds the redress measures that are set out in the Constitution of South Africa, has not been implemented, monitored and evaluated effectively within Higher Education. This lack of implementation can be attributed to the lack of monitoring and evaluation, resources and knowledge surrounding the policies. The concept of multilingualism under the guidelines taken from the policies of different higher education institutions and the DHET language policy is discussed as a possible solution or gateway to bridging what many may refer to as an identified gap. Multilingual tools such as translanguaging, code-switching and code-meshing are already being utilised in some classrooms and spaces but cannot be utilised as the only solution in the long run. The study has also identified the need for language policies that are specific to domestic and social spaces in the institutions as means to mitigate confusion, bullying, esteem issues and the risks that may arise from having one dominant language in such spaces. Some learners are of the belief that their academic journey would have had a more positive impact if they had been able to express themselves better in English or if they had been taught in their native language. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communications, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Dani, Zizipho Paillis
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Language policy -- South Africa , Language and education -- South Africa , Language planning -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72240 , vital:79201
- Description: This study explored how the implementation of language policies or lack thereof within micro spaces in educational institutions can affect the language experience of the students in these spaces. The micro spaces that this study refers to are classrooms, social spaces, and residences in institutions of higher education and learning. Institutions of higher education and training have developed language policies that are in place, but these policies concentrate more on the corporate and pedagogical side of the institutions, excluding the micro spaces, although they still exist in the institution. In addition, the study explored matters about language policy in the academic spaces of Basic and Higher Education Institutions. It investigated the effect of the implementation of the institutional language policies of South African higher education institutions on the micro spaces that form part of the institution and how it has affected students living in these spaces who have experienced it. The study used qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide evidence of the growing need for research focused on language in these spaces. The participants of the study were aged from 18–65, because the age range covered both the lecturers who teach using English as the main mode of instruction, as per their institutional language policies, and the students who are taught using English as a Second or First Additional Language. The questionnaire was disseminated via social media outlets, garnering responses from 70 participants, while those interviewed consisted of 18 participants comprising nine lecturers and nine students. The study uses belonging as a lens through which the language experiences are analysed of South African students in educational spaces. The findings of this study indicate that the National Language Policy, which was formulated to promote multilingualism, advocates for equality of all the official languages and upholds the redress measures that are set out in the Constitution of South Africa, has not been implemented, monitored and evaluated effectively within Higher Education. This lack of implementation can be attributed to the lack of monitoring and evaluation, resources and knowledge surrounding the policies. The concept of multilingualism under the guidelines taken from the policies of different higher education institutions and the DHET language policy is discussed as a possible solution or gateway to bridging what many may refer to as an identified gap. Multilingual tools such as translanguaging, code-switching and code-meshing are already being utilised in some classrooms and spaces but cannot be utilised as the only solution in the long run. The study has also identified the need for language policies that are specific to domestic and social spaces in the institutions as means to mitigate confusion, bullying, esteem issues and the risks that may arise from having one dominant language in such spaces. Some learners are of the belief that their academic journey would have had a more positive impact if they had been able to express themselves better in English or if they had been taught in their native language. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communications, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The effect of regional integration on socio-economic development in countries of the Southern African customs union: the case of South Africa and Botswana 2000-2020
- Authors: Liwela, Ncumisa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Customs unions -- South Africa , Customs unions -- Botswana , Economic development -- Africa -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72298 , vital:79208
- Description: Globally, regional integration is becoming extensively important and significant, particularly in developing economies like those in Africa. The primary reason for its broad and wide adoption is its capacity to uphold and promote long-term improvements in economic productivity and living standards, boost economic growth, facilitate trade and enhance access to crucial and significant resources. Regional integration is an intrinsic aspect of developing economies and is considered a feasible policy alternative in modern literature for addressing various political, economic and sociological concerns. This study looks into the effect of regional integration in the context of socio- economic development in the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), focusing on South Africa and Botswana from the year 2000 to 2020. Socio- economic development in this context refers to economic growth, employment levels, income distribution, poverty reduction and overall improvements in living standards. The research investigates how SACU’s regional integration framework- through trade policies, revenue-sharing mechanisms, and economic cooperation- has influenced these socio-economic indicators in the two countries. A quantitative research design is employed, utilising secondary data analysis to measure the impact of SACU’s policies on key socio-economic variables. Economic indicators such as GDP growth, employment rates, trade flows and income disparities are analysed to assess the extent to which regional integration has contributed to sustainable development and economic convergence. The findings reveal that while SACU has facilitated trade and economic collaboration, persistent structural inequalities, policy misalignments and external economic challenges have and still constrains its effectiveness in fostering equitable socio-economic development. The study concludes with policy recommendations to enhance regional integration’s role in promoting inclusive and sustainable growth within SACU. This research contributes to the understanding of regional integration’s potential to drive socio-economic development in Southern Africa and offers insights for future policy directions. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences,2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Liwela, Ncumisa
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Customs unions -- South Africa , Customs unions -- Botswana , Economic development -- Africa -- 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72298 , vital:79208
- Description: Globally, regional integration is becoming extensively important and significant, particularly in developing economies like those in Africa. The primary reason for its broad and wide adoption is its capacity to uphold and promote long-term improvements in economic productivity and living standards, boost economic growth, facilitate trade and enhance access to crucial and significant resources. Regional integration is an intrinsic aspect of developing economies and is considered a feasible policy alternative in modern literature for addressing various political, economic and sociological concerns. This study looks into the effect of regional integration in the context of socio- economic development in the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), focusing on South Africa and Botswana from the year 2000 to 2020. Socio- economic development in this context refers to economic growth, employment levels, income distribution, poverty reduction and overall improvements in living standards. The research investigates how SACU’s regional integration framework- through trade policies, revenue-sharing mechanisms, and economic cooperation- has influenced these socio-economic indicators in the two countries. A quantitative research design is employed, utilising secondary data analysis to measure the impact of SACU’s policies on key socio-economic variables. Economic indicators such as GDP growth, employment rates, trade flows and income disparities are analysed to assess the extent to which regional integration has contributed to sustainable development and economic convergence. The findings reveal that while SACU has facilitated trade and economic collaboration, persistent structural inequalities, policy misalignments and external economic challenges have and still constrains its effectiveness in fostering equitable socio-economic development. The study concludes with policy recommendations to enhance regional integration’s role in promoting inclusive and sustainable growth within SACU. This research contributes to the understanding of regional integration’s potential to drive socio-economic development in Southern Africa and offers insights for future policy directions. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences,2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policies towards addressing output gaps in South Africa
- Authors: Gcadana, Nqabisa Mary
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Economic indicators -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72702 , vital:79249
- Description: The study examined fiscal and monetary policies' effectiveness in addressing the output gap in South Africa. The study used the HP filter formula on EViews to calculate the output gap values. Fiscal policy was measured by two proxies, government expenditure and government revenue, while monetary policy was also proxied by two variables: prime lending rate and money supply. The study employed two research techniques, NLADRL and SVAR, using data from the period 1980 to 2021. The theories that underpinned the study are Keynesian, monetarist, and business cycles. The NLARDL results show the countercyclical nature of fiscal policy via government expenditure and the positive cycle of government expenditure that exhibited a negative relationship and is statistically significant. However, in the short term, the positive cycle of government expenditure exhibited a negative relationship and are statistically significant association with the output gap, while the monetary policy, via the prime lending rate, exhibits a procyclical relationship. There is a positive relationship between the prime lending rate and the output gap, while the negative cycle of the prime lending rate that is significant statistically at 1 percent, thus, the positive cycle of the prime lending rate p-value 0.85 is statistically insignificant. The variance decomposition of the output gap variables in the SVAR analysis reveals significant differences in how the explanatory variables respond to shocks. Overall, the prime lending rate emerges as the most impactful shock affecting the South African economy during recessionary periods. Given the outcomes of the study showing that both the fiscal and monetary policies are not effective as opt to be, the study then suggest that structural reforms should be considered in South Africa and the matter of structural adjustment are discussed under the chapter of literature review. The study concludes that whilst both fiscal and monetary policies are essential tools to address output gaps in South Africa, structural constraints must be addressed. The study suggests that there is an urgent need for the implementation of structural reforms to sustain economic growth in South Africa. It is recommended that South African policymakers pay special attention to the structural constraints that continue to neutralise the effect of both fiscal and monetary policies in South Africa. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Gcadana, Nqabisa Mary
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa , Economic indicators -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/72702 , vital:79249
- Description: The study examined fiscal and monetary policies' effectiveness in addressing the output gap in South Africa. The study used the HP filter formula on EViews to calculate the output gap values. Fiscal policy was measured by two proxies, government expenditure and government revenue, while monetary policy was also proxied by two variables: prime lending rate and money supply. The study employed two research techniques, NLADRL and SVAR, using data from the period 1980 to 2021. The theories that underpinned the study are Keynesian, monetarist, and business cycles. The NLARDL results show the countercyclical nature of fiscal policy via government expenditure and the positive cycle of government expenditure that exhibited a negative relationship and is statistically significant. However, in the short term, the positive cycle of government expenditure exhibited a negative relationship and are statistically significant association with the output gap, while the monetary policy, via the prime lending rate, exhibits a procyclical relationship. There is a positive relationship between the prime lending rate and the output gap, while the negative cycle of the prime lending rate that is significant statistically at 1 percent, thus, the positive cycle of the prime lending rate p-value 0.85 is statistically insignificant. The variance decomposition of the output gap variables in the SVAR analysis reveals significant differences in how the explanatory variables respond to shocks. Overall, the prime lending rate emerges as the most impactful shock affecting the South African economy during recessionary periods. Given the outcomes of the study showing that both the fiscal and monetary policies are not effective as opt to be, the study then suggest that structural reforms should be considered in South Africa and the matter of structural adjustment are discussed under the chapter of literature review. The study concludes that whilst both fiscal and monetary policies are essential tools to address output gaps in South Africa, structural constraints must be addressed. The study suggests that there is an urgent need for the implementation of structural reforms to sustain economic growth in South Africa. It is recommended that South African policymakers pay special attention to the structural constraints that continue to neutralise the effect of both fiscal and monetary policies in South Africa. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
The emergence of privately managed terminals within selected ports in Africa: their effectiveness and shortfalls
- Authors: Tsotsotso, Molapo
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Freight and freightage -- Africa , Shipping -- Economic aspects -- Africa , Business logistics -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73781 , vital:79537
- Description: The study examines the rise of privately managed terminals within selected African ports, analysing their effectiveness and shortcomings. A qualitative methodology was employed, combining thematic analysis of interview data with an extensive literature review. This approach explored the transition of port management from public to private entities in regions such as Southern, Western, North and East Africa. These public entities demonstrated a lack of capacity, expertise and technological advancement to run state of the art ports in order to benchmark themselves against the best in the world. The private sector deployed lot of capital and expertise to turn the fortunes around. Findings reveal that privatisation has significantly improved port operations, infrastructure, and efficiency by leveraging private sector investment and technological advancement. However, challenges such as insufficient peripheral infrastructure, political interference, and labour concerns persist, hampering the full potential of private participation. Notable examples include Maputo and Tangier Med, which showcased successful integration of private operators and public cooperation, while others, such as Durban, grapple with systemic inefficiencies despite privatisation efforts which are contested at the courts. The longer that case takes, the longer it will take to privatise. The study underscores the need for a holistic and implementable framework that aligns port operations with national socio-economic goals, ensuring equitable benefits for all stakeholders such as increase traffic, increase government taxes, competitive advantage, highly trained workforce and improved world ranking of the port, amongst other benefits. Future studies should address long-term socio-environmental impacts and optimising public-private partnerships in the African maritime sector. , Thesis (MMM) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04
- Authors: Tsotsotso, Molapo
- Date: 2025-04
- Subjects: Freight and freightage -- Africa , Shipping -- Economic aspects -- Africa , Business logistics -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/73781 , vital:79537
- Description: The study examines the rise of privately managed terminals within selected African ports, analysing their effectiveness and shortcomings. A qualitative methodology was employed, combining thematic analysis of interview data with an extensive literature review. This approach explored the transition of port management from public to private entities in regions such as Southern, Western, North and East Africa. These public entities demonstrated a lack of capacity, expertise and technological advancement to run state of the art ports in order to benchmark themselves against the best in the world. The private sector deployed lot of capital and expertise to turn the fortunes around. Findings reveal that privatisation has significantly improved port operations, infrastructure, and efficiency by leveraging private sector investment and technological advancement. However, challenges such as insufficient peripheral infrastructure, political interference, and labour concerns persist, hampering the full potential of private participation. Notable examples include Maputo and Tangier Med, which showcased successful integration of private operators and public cooperation, while others, such as Durban, grapple with systemic inefficiencies despite privatisation efforts which are contested at the courts. The longer that case takes, the longer it will take to privatise. The study underscores the need for a holistic and implementable framework that aligns port operations with national socio-economic goals, ensuring equitable benefits for all stakeholders such as increase traffic, increase government taxes, competitive advantage, highly trained workforce and improved world ranking of the port, amongst other benefits. Future studies should address long-term socio-environmental impacts and optimising public-private partnerships in the African maritime sector. , Thesis (MMM) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04