Binding and entry of a non-enveloped T=4 insect RNA virus is triggered by alkaline pH

Penkler, David L; Jiwaji, Meesbah; Domitrovic, Tatiana; Short, James R; Johnson, John E; Dorrington, Rosemary A

Title: Binding and entry of a non-enveloped T=4 insect RNA virus is triggered by alkaline pH
Creator: Penkler, David L
Creator: Jiwaji, Meesbah
Creator: Domitrovic, Tatiana
Creator: Short, James R
Creator: Johnson, John E
Creator: Dorrington, Rosemary A
Date Issued: 2016
Date: 2016
Type: text
Type: article
Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65995
Identifier: vital:28875
Identifier: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2016.08.028
Description: publisher version
Description: Tetraviruses are small, non-enveloped, RNA viruses that exclusively infect lepidopteran insects. Their particles comprise 240 copies of a single capsid protein precursor (CP), which undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage during maturation. The molecular mechanisms of capsid assembly and maturation are well understood, but little is known about the viral infectious lifecycle due to a lack of tissue culture cell lines that are susceptible to tetravirus infection. We show here that binding and entry of the alphatetravirus, Helicoverpa armigera stunt virus (HaSV), is triggered by alkaline pH. At pH 9.0, wild-type HaSV virus particles undergo conformational changes that induce membrane-lytic activity and binding to Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells. Binding is followed by entry and infection, with virus replication complexes detected by immunofluorescence microscopy within 2 h post-infection and the CP after 12 h. HaSV particles produced in S. frugiperda Sf9 cells are infectious. Helicoverpa armigera larval virus biofeed assays showed that pre-treatment with the V-ATPase inhibitor, Bafilomycin A1, resulted in a 50% decrease in larval mortality and stunting, while incubation of virus particles at pH 9.0 prior to infection restored infectivity. Together, these data show that HaSV, and likely other tetraviruses, requires the alkaline environment of the lepidopteran larval midgut for binding and entry into host cells.
Format: 10 pages
Format: pdf
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Language: English
Relation: Virology
Relation: Penkler, David L., Jiwaji Meesbah, Domitrovic, Tatiana, Short James R., Johnson, John E., Dorrington Rosemary A. (2016) Binding and entry of a non-enveloped T=4 insect RNA virus is triggered by alkaline pH. Virology,(498):277-287 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2016.08.028
Relation: Virology volume 498 number 277 287 November 2016 0042-6822
Rights: Elsevier B.V.
Rights: Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Virology Copyright Statement (https://www.elsevier.com/journals/virology/0042-6822/guide-for-authors)

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