The utilization of contraceptives amongst adolescents at Stutterheim in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Ntengo-Kupula, Visisa
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Contraception , Birth control , Teenage pregnancy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27082 , vital:66272
- Description: Introduction Contraception has been identified as one way in which women can prevent unwanted pregnancies. Contraceptive utilization has been proved to minimize maternal mortality by lowering the risk of pregnancy and its associated life-threatening problems. Therefore, the researcher conducted a study at Stutterheim about the “utilization of contraceptives amongst adolescents at Stutterheim in Eastern Cape Province” with the intentions to explore perceptions of adolescents on utilization of contraceptives and to determine the factors that influence that contraceptive utilization. Methods This study adopted a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design which involved questionnaire tools completed by 436 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19 years at Stutterheim health facilities and the surrounding schools, regardless of whether they were sexually active or not. After obtaining ethical clearance from the University ethics Committee and permission from the Department of Health the researcher visited the gatekeepers for obtaining informed consent and data collection procedures. The researcher administered the instruments herself to ensure validity and reliability of the instrument through a pilot study. The respondents of the pilot study did not participate in the major study. Any irregularities with the data instruments were corrected accordingly. Data collection took 3 weeks to complete all the sites. The raw data was captured onto an Excel spread sheet and analysed by the researcher with the assistance of a statistician. Results The data suggests that as much as the parents discuss about sex related issues and pregnancy, they are less likely to educate their adolescent girls about contraceptives probably due to the beliefs they have, lack of knowledge and the fear of introducing them into premarital sex. The 34.4percent of participants indicated that they were scared of contraceptive rumours spreading around the community as well as the stigmatization. Conclusion Due to the results of this study the Department of Health should work together with the department of education to put into effect the optimal utilization of contraceptives amongst adolescents by adding sexual, reproductive and contraceptives health education, as a subject in the school curriculum. Department of health must also make use of main media and social media since they are influential and can be the great sources of information for campaigns and more seminars on contraceptive utilization and its benefits to the adolescents, society and the State. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Ntengo-Kupula, Visisa
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Contraception , Birth control , Teenage pregnancy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27082 , vital:66272
- Description: Introduction Contraception has been identified as one way in which women can prevent unwanted pregnancies. Contraceptive utilization has been proved to minimize maternal mortality by lowering the risk of pregnancy and its associated life-threatening problems. Therefore, the researcher conducted a study at Stutterheim about the “utilization of contraceptives amongst adolescents at Stutterheim in Eastern Cape Province” with the intentions to explore perceptions of adolescents on utilization of contraceptives and to determine the factors that influence that contraceptive utilization. Methods This study adopted a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design which involved questionnaire tools completed by 436 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19 years at Stutterheim health facilities and the surrounding schools, regardless of whether they were sexually active or not. After obtaining ethical clearance from the University ethics Committee and permission from the Department of Health the researcher visited the gatekeepers for obtaining informed consent and data collection procedures. The researcher administered the instruments herself to ensure validity and reliability of the instrument through a pilot study. The respondents of the pilot study did not participate in the major study. Any irregularities with the data instruments were corrected accordingly. Data collection took 3 weeks to complete all the sites. The raw data was captured onto an Excel spread sheet and analysed by the researcher with the assistance of a statistician. Results The data suggests that as much as the parents discuss about sex related issues and pregnancy, they are less likely to educate their adolescent girls about contraceptives probably due to the beliefs they have, lack of knowledge and the fear of introducing them into premarital sex. The 34.4percent of participants indicated that they were scared of contraceptive rumours spreading around the community as well as the stigmatization. Conclusion Due to the results of this study the Department of Health should work together with the department of education to put into effect the optimal utilization of contraceptives amongst adolescents by adding sexual, reproductive and contraceptives health education, as a subject in the school curriculum. Department of health must also make use of main media and social media since they are influential and can be the great sources of information for campaigns and more seminars on contraceptive utilization and its benefits to the adolescents, society and the State. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Experiences of caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), South Africa
- Stofile, Nolukholo Catherine, Vellem, N M
- Authors: Stofile, Nolukholo Catherine , Vellem, N M
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Cerebral palsied children -- Home care , Children with disabilities -- Home care
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20131 , vital:45345
- Description: Caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) may experience some challenges and need support in caring for these children who present with a group of neurological disorders. Cerebral Palsy has been defined as a non-progressive condition of the brain, which results from interference during its development and affects body movement, muscle coordination, including motor and cognitive impairment. The objectives of the study were; to explore, describe, and interpret the experiences of caregivers of children with CP, to interpret the meaning attached to the experiences and interpret different support for caregivers of children with CP in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South. The University of Fort Hare Ethics Committee granted ethical approval. Informed consent was obtained from the participants before data collection. Ethical principles to be followed when conducting a research study has also been discussed with participants and ensured. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was chosen for the study. Four participants were chosen purposively in this study because IPA studies use a detailed account of individual experience. The data collection method used for this study is semi-structured interviews, which were done in the participant’s comfortable environment, and lasted between 40 to 60 minutes, using an interview guide. Data analysis has been done using the 7 steps noted in IPA. The main findings of the study are lived experiences of caregivers caring for children with CP. Participants experienced financial, physical, and psychological challenges in caring for children with CP. Caregivers also received communal support from different stakeholders. Support from family, their employers, other caregivers and the government through the multi-disciplinary team and the provision of social grants. Trustworthiness was ensured by observing the principles of transferability, credibility, confirmability and dependability. , Thesis (MNurs) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-06
- Authors: Stofile, Nolukholo Catherine , Vellem, N M
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Cerebral palsied children -- Home care , Children with disabilities -- Home care
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20131 , vital:45345
- Description: Caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) may experience some challenges and need support in caring for these children who present with a group of neurological disorders. Cerebral Palsy has been defined as a non-progressive condition of the brain, which results from interference during its development and affects body movement, muscle coordination, including motor and cognitive impairment. The objectives of the study were; to explore, describe, and interpret the experiences of caregivers of children with CP, to interpret the meaning attached to the experiences and interpret different support for caregivers of children with CP in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South. The University of Fort Hare Ethics Committee granted ethical approval. Informed consent was obtained from the participants before data collection. Ethical principles to be followed when conducting a research study has also been discussed with participants and ensured. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was chosen for the study. Four participants were chosen purposively in this study because IPA studies use a detailed account of individual experience. The data collection method used for this study is semi-structured interviews, which were done in the participant’s comfortable environment, and lasted between 40 to 60 minutes, using an interview guide. Data analysis has been done using the 7 steps noted in IPA. The main findings of the study are lived experiences of caregivers caring for children with CP. Participants experienced financial, physical, and psychological challenges in caring for children with CP. Caregivers also received communal support from different stakeholders. Support from family, their employers, other caregivers and the government through the multi-disciplinary team and the provision of social grants. Trustworthiness was ensured by observing the principles of transferability, credibility, confirmability and dependability. , Thesis (MNurs) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-06
Exploring knowledge, attitudes and psychosocial experiences of health care workers regarding covid-19 in Bufalo City municipality
- Authors: Notununu, Zintle
- Date: 2020-03
- Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease) , Medical personnel
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27028 , vital:66231
- Description: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the knowledge, attitude and psychosocial experiences of health care workers regarding Covid-19 in Buffalo City Municipality. Covid-19 is a disease that attacks the respiratory system and functions. It is a highly infectious disease with a lengthy 5-6 sometimes even 14-day incubation period. It is very serious condition and has killed a lot of people including the Health Care Workers A qualitative descriptive explorative contextual design was employed in this research study. The design was relevant for this study to explore and describe the knowledge, attitude, and psychosocial experiences of health workers regarding Covid-19 in Buffalo City Municipality. The non-probability sampling method was used and a convenient sampling technique was used to select the participants. Professional nurses who met the criteria and who were on duty on the day of data collection were included in the study. The researcher interviewed 15 professional nurses and stopped as the data was saturated. A semi-structured Interview guide was used as an instrument to collect data containing open-ended questions. The researcher maintained ethical principles throughout the study. Concepts of trustworthiness of the study were applied throughout the research. Tech’s eight steps approach was used to guide the data analysis process. The findings of this study indicate that health care workers have a high level of knowledge about Covid-19. They know what Covid-19 is, how it started, its signs and symptoms, how to protect themselves from it and its complications. Negative attitudes, fears were noticed from the HCWs and thus the need for psychological support was identified. Feelings of neglect and lack of motivation were also identified. Psychological support for health care workers must be provided to prevent staff burnout. Personal Protective Equipment used in the hospital premises must be left and washed in the hospital laundry to prevent the spread of infection to the families of the HCWs. It was indicated that there are health care workers who experienced chronic illnesses after being diagnosed with Covid-19. These chronic illnesses include diabetes and high blood pressure. It was brought to light that myths circulating on the social media about Covid-19 vaccines are delaying the end of Covid-19 epidemic by putting the health care workers at risk of being infected with it as they will be expected to treat patients diagnosed with Covid-19; therefore, government should develop a policy that will limit people from spreading things that they are not true and cannot prove. In conclusion, community awareness and forced vaccination are recommended to end the Covid-19 virus. Monitory incentives should be provided to motivate health care workers. Their overtime that they have worked during Covid-19 must be paid. The Department of Health and hospital managers must make sure that working conditions are improved. This includes the availability of machines to test for Covid-19. More research needs to be done to find out why some people who were diagnosed with Covid-19 end up having chronic illnesses that they never had previously. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-03
- Authors: Notununu, Zintle
- Date: 2020-03
- Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease) , Medical personnel
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27028 , vital:66231
- Description: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the knowledge, attitude and psychosocial experiences of health care workers regarding Covid-19 in Buffalo City Municipality. Covid-19 is a disease that attacks the respiratory system and functions. It is a highly infectious disease with a lengthy 5-6 sometimes even 14-day incubation period. It is very serious condition and has killed a lot of people including the Health Care Workers A qualitative descriptive explorative contextual design was employed in this research study. The design was relevant for this study to explore and describe the knowledge, attitude, and psychosocial experiences of health workers regarding Covid-19 in Buffalo City Municipality. The non-probability sampling method was used and a convenient sampling technique was used to select the participants. Professional nurses who met the criteria and who were on duty on the day of data collection were included in the study. The researcher interviewed 15 professional nurses and stopped as the data was saturated. A semi-structured Interview guide was used as an instrument to collect data containing open-ended questions. The researcher maintained ethical principles throughout the study. Concepts of trustworthiness of the study were applied throughout the research. Tech’s eight steps approach was used to guide the data analysis process. The findings of this study indicate that health care workers have a high level of knowledge about Covid-19. They know what Covid-19 is, how it started, its signs and symptoms, how to protect themselves from it and its complications. Negative attitudes, fears were noticed from the HCWs and thus the need for psychological support was identified. Feelings of neglect and lack of motivation were also identified. Psychological support for health care workers must be provided to prevent staff burnout. Personal Protective Equipment used in the hospital premises must be left and washed in the hospital laundry to prevent the spread of infection to the families of the HCWs. It was indicated that there are health care workers who experienced chronic illnesses after being diagnosed with Covid-19. These chronic illnesses include diabetes and high blood pressure. It was brought to light that myths circulating on the social media about Covid-19 vaccines are delaying the end of Covid-19 epidemic by putting the health care workers at risk of being infected with it as they will be expected to treat patients diagnosed with Covid-19; therefore, government should develop a policy that will limit people from spreading things that they are not true and cannot prove. In conclusion, community awareness and forced vaccination are recommended to end the Covid-19 virus. Monitory incentives should be provided to motivate health care workers. Their overtime that they have worked during Covid-19 must be paid. The Department of Health and hospital managers must make sure that working conditions are improved. This includes the availability of machines to test for Covid-19. More research needs to be done to find out why some people who were diagnosed with Covid-19 end up having chronic illnesses that they never had previously. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-03
Aileen wuornos : a psychobiographical study
- Authors: Fakude, Shuanize Xiluva
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Women serial murderers
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50789 , vital:42700
- Description: A psychobiographical study is an exploration of a unique individual’s entire lived life through a psychological lens. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the personality development of Aileen Wuornos within her socio-historical context by applying Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development. Aileen Carol Wuornos was an American serial killer who murdered seven men in Florida between 1989 and 1990 by shooting them at point blank range. Wuornos’s life was marked by a difficult formative environment, maternal abandonment, and adoption by her grandparents. Wuornos continued to experience physical, emotional and sexual abuse at the hands of family members, friends and the community. Wuornos lived her life focusing on survival, and started to engage with petty crime and prostitution to do so. Her patterns escalated to include more serious criminal behaviour, culminating in serial murder. Wuornos was selected for this study using nonpropability purposive sampling. She was selected based on the researcher’s curiosity of her life events and experiences that led her to commit serial murders. Data was collected through a variety of primary and secondary sources on Wuornos and it was analysed using Miles and Huberman’s three steps process of data analysis, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings of this study indicate that Wuornos experiences severe difficulties in renegotiating the seven stages proposed by Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development, and all the ego strengths that she developed were seriously delayed.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Fakude, Shuanize Xiluva
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Women serial murderers
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50789 , vital:42700
- Description: A psychobiographical study is an exploration of a unique individual’s entire lived life through a psychological lens. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the personality development of Aileen Wuornos within her socio-historical context by applying Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development. Aileen Carol Wuornos was an American serial killer who murdered seven men in Florida between 1989 and 1990 by shooting them at point blank range. Wuornos’s life was marked by a difficult formative environment, maternal abandonment, and adoption by her grandparents. Wuornos continued to experience physical, emotional and sexual abuse at the hands of family members, friends and the community. Wuornos lived her life focusing on survival, and started to engage with petty crime and prostitution to do so. Her patterns escalated to include more serious criminal behaviour, culminating in serial murder. Wuornos was selected for this study using nonpropability purposive sampling. She was selected based on the researcher’s curiosity of her life events and experiences that led her to commit serial murders. Data was collected through a variety of primary and secondary sources on Wuornos and it was analysed using Miles and Huberman’s three steps process of data analysis, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings of this study indicate that Wuornos experiences severe difficulties in renegotiating the seven stages proposed by Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development, and all the ego strengths that she developed were seriously delayed.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2020
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in South Africa: diagnosis and treatment from childhood to adulthood
- Munasur-Naidoo, Ashmitha Premchand
- Authors: Munasur-Naidoo, Ashmitha Premchand
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46398 , vital:39603
- Description: Background: Historically Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was, considered to be a condition that affected mainly children. Over a period of time, there has been a greater understanding to recognize that this condition is also present in the adult population. Globally, treatment for adults has been established as is evident from the various guidelines available. In South Africa, however,healthcare is split into the public and private sectors, which results in differences in the extent of diagnosis and treatment for adults with ADHD.Aim: The primary aim of the study was to evaluate ADHD in South Africa from childhood to adulthood and to determine to what extent adults are being diagnosed and treated.Method: This study comprised of two facets, namely, a drug utilization review and a questionnaire survey. The first part comprised of a retrospective drug utilization study evaluating the consumption and cost of medication used in the treatment of ADHD. The questionnaire was undertaken using a survey methodology amongst selected healthcare professionals in South Africa involved in the diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD. The data generated from this study together with available guidelines was assessed and a proposed framework for the treatment and diagnosis of adult ADHD was developed for use in the South African public healthcare sector. Results: Based on the registered medication available to treat ADHD, the consumption of methylphenidate and atomoxetine in the private healthcare sector using the Intercontinental Marketing Service database from 2013 to 2016was established. Despite the controversy regarding stimulant medication, methylphenidate was shown to be the medication of choice in South Africa. The consumption of methylphenidate (95.85%) was higher when compared to atomoxetine (4.15%) in 2013 and very slight changes were observed in 2016 were the consumption was 96.40% and 3.60%, respectively. Similarly, over a four-year period, the spend on ADHD medication increased in 2013 to 2016 by 62.63%. Furthermore, the market share for ADHD is dominated by extended-release methylphenidate tablets (59.53%). The questionnaire survey amongst selected healthcare professionals in South Africa involved in the diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHDhighlighted the tools used for diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options, which treatment has been found to be most successful, difference in treatment between genders, incorporation of supplementation into the management of patients, difficulties experienced by patients and which co-morbid conditions were also prevalent with ADHD. Based on the data collated in this study and an evaluation of the available guidelines, a framework for treatment of adult patients in the public healthcare sector has been proposed for South Africa at a provincial and national level. Conclusion: In South Africa treatment for ADHD is increasing in the private healthcare sector. The cost and consumption of methylphenidate and atomoxetine has risen over a short period. The treatment of adults in the private sector has also garnered interest, however, the public sector has not yet published guidelines enabling access to diagnosis and treatment for these adult patients. Given the chronic, costly, and debilitating nature of this condition more needs to be done to assist those affected by it. Further studies in this area of neuropsychiatry in South Africa is required to enable access to diagnosis and treatment in the public healthcare sector.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Munasur-Naidoo, Ashmitha Premchand
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46398 , vital:39603
- Description: Background: Historically Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was, considered to be a condition that affected mainly children. Over a period of time, there has been a greater understanding to recognize that this condition is also present in the adult population. Globally, treatment for adults has been established as is evident from the various guidelines available. In South Africa, however,healthcare is split into the public and private sectors, which results in differences in the extent of diagnosis and treatment for adults with ADHD.Aim: The primary aim of the study was to evaluate ADHD in South Africa from childhood to adulthood and to determine to what extent adults are being diagnosed and treated.Method: This study comprised of two facets, namely, a drug utilization review and a questionnaire survey. The first part comprised of a retrospective drug utilization study evaluating the consumption and cost of medication used in the treatment of ADHD. The questionnaire was undertaken using a survey methodology amongst selected healthcare professionals in South Africa involved in the diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD. The data generated from this study together with available guidelines was assessed and a proposed framework for the treatment and diagnosis of adult ADHD was developed for use in the South African public healthcare sector. Results: Based on the registered medication available to treat ADHD, the consumption of methylphenidate and atomoxetine in the private healthcare sector using the Intercontinental Marketing Service database from 2013 to 2016was established. Despite the controversy regarding stimulant medication, methylphenidate was shown to be the medication of choice in South Africa. The consumption of methylphenidate (95.85%) was higher when compared to atomoxetine (4.15%) in 2013 and very slight changes were observed in 2016 were the consumption was 96.40% and 3.60%, respectively. Similarly, over a four-year period, the spend on ADHD medication increased in 2013 to 2016 by 62.63%. Furthermore, the market share for ADHD is dominated by extended-release methylphenidate tablets (59.53%). The questionnaire survey amongst selected healthcare professionals in South Africa involved in the diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHDhighlighted the tools used for diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options, which treatment has been found to be most successful, difference in treatment between genders, incorporation of supplementation into the management of patients, difficulties experienced by patients and which co-morbid conditions were also prevalent with ADHD. Based on the data collated in this study and an evaluation of the available guidelines, a framework for treatment of adult patients in the public healthcare sector has been proposed for South Africa at a provincial and national level. Conclusion: In South Africa treatment for ADHD is increasing in the private healthcare sector. The cost and consumption of methylphenidate and atomoxetine has risen over a short period. The treatment of adults in the private sector has also garnered interest, however, the public sector has not yet published guidelines enabling access to diagnosis and treatment for these adult patients. Given the chronic, costly, and debilitating nature of this condition more needs to be done to assist those affected by it. Further studies in this area of neuropsychiatry in South Africa is required to enable access to diagnosis and treatment in the public healthcare sector.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Effects of a resistance training intervention on the physical fitness of youth in a rural soccer development programme
- Authors: Greyling, Jacob Johannes
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Physical fitness--Soccer
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50795 , vital:42701
- Description: Background: Soccer is the most popular sport worldwide with an estimated 270 million people involved in the sport. Soccer is a fast-paced contact team sport that requires physical capabilities such as speed, agility, strength, power, aerobic and anaerobic fitness in addition to technical proficiency. Most goals are preceded by a linear sprint, jump or change of direction which is why the ability to perform fast powerful movements is important. Research has indicated that resistance training performed in combination with high intensity speed and plyometric training, improves athletic performance of soccer players. Aims and Objectives: This study investigated the effects of a resistance training intervention on the physical fitness of youth in a rural soccer development programme in Addo in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative approach in the form of a quasi-experimental design with an experimental and control group. The sample was conveniently selected based on availability of players and on them meeting specific inclusion criteria. Local soccer clubs in the Nomathamsanqa township - an impoverished area in Addo, which forms part of the Addo Soccer Development Programme (ASDP) - were invited to participate in the study. The final sample for this study consisted of 12 participants. A 10-week soccer-based resistance training intervention, addressing the components of physical fitness with specific emphasis on resistance training, was implemented after completion of the baseline testing. The intervention was designed to be suitable for a rural setting. Results: Within group comparisons revealed significant improvements in the experimental group for power (p = 0.028), speed (p = 0.028) and overall performance (grouped physical fitness measures) (p = 0.018) whereas the control group improved significantly in speed (p = 0.043) and regressed significantly in cardiovascular endurance (p = 0.043). Between group comparisons revealed significant differences for overall performance improvement in the experimental group (p = 0.006) and a reduction in cardiovascular endurance in the control group (p = 0.028). The main finding of this study is therefore this: that the individual parameters did not show consistent improvement when viewed in isolation, however that the intervention had a positive effect on overall performance when all the physical fitness measures were computed as a collective result. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the intervention had a positive effect on overall performance however more research is required on soccer in rural and disadvantaged settings of South Africa to develop a convincing model for supplementary training other than conventional soccer practice to improve performance and to overcome the unique challenges faced in a rural setting.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Greyling, Jacob Johannes
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Physical fitness--Soccer
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50795 , vital:42701
- Description: Background: Soccer is the most popular sport worldwide with an estimated 270 million people involved in the sport. Soccer is a fast-paced contact team sport that requires physical capabilities such as speed, agility, strength, power, aerobic and anaerobic fitness in addition to technical proficiency. Most goals are preceded by a linear sprint, jump or change of direction which is why the ability to perform fast powerful movements is important. Research has indicated that resistance training performed in combination with high intensity speed and plyometric training, improves athletic performance of soccer players. Aims and Objectives: This study investigated the effects of a resistance training intervention on the physical fitness of youth in a rural soccer development programme in Addo in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative approach in the form of a quasi-experimental design with an experimental and control group. The sample was conveniently selected based on availability of players and on them meeting specific inclusion criteria. Local soccer clubs in the Nomathamsanqa township - an impoverished area in Addo, which forms part of the Addo Soccer Development Programme (ASDP) - were invited to participate in the study. The final sample for this study consisted of 12 participants. A 10-week soccer-based resistance training intervention, addressing the components of physical fitness with specific emphasis on resistance training, was implemented after completion of the baseline testing. The intervention was designed to be suitable for a rural setting. Results: Within group comparisons revealed significant improvements in the experimental group for power (p = 0.028), speed (p = 0.028) and overall performance (grouped physical fitness measures) (p = 0.018) whereas the control group improved significantly in speed (p = 0.043) and regressed significantly in cardiovascular endurance (p = 0.043). Between group comparisons revealed significant differences for overall performance improvement in the experimental group (p = 0.006) and a reduction in cardiovascular endurance in the control group (p = 0.028). The main finding of this study is therefore this: that the individual parameters did not show consistent improvement when viewed in isolation, however that the intervention had a positive effect on overall performance when all the physical fitness measures were computed as a collective result. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the intervention had a positive effect on overall performance however more research is required on soccer in rural and disadvantaged settings of South Africa to develop a convincing model for supplementary training other than conventional soccer practice to improve performance and to overcome the unique challenges faced in a rural setting.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2020
First responders’ perceptions of secondary traumatic stress and the screening and referral of trauma survivors at risk of developing posttraumatic stress
- Authors: Chong, Ferhana Ting
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Secondary traumatic stress
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50801 , vital:42702
- Description: The risk of civilians being exposed to a traumatic event in South Africa is relatively high. This also means that several professional helpers termed first responders, will have frequent contact with individuals who have been traumatized. Working with trauma survivors could have both negative and positive outcomes. On the one hand, first responders’ interaction with trauma survivors provide them with the opportunity to detect when a survivor may be at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unfortunately, this exposure also puts them at risk of developing secondary traumatic stress with symptoms like those of the trauma survivors they assist. Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) is relatively well studied among certain helping professions such as therapists, counsellors, social workers and even advocates who work with trauma survivors. Research concerning STS among emergency unit first responders is, however, limited (especially in the South African context). Furthermore, literature investigating emergency unit first responder’s perception of secondary traumatic stress and the screening and referral of trauma survivors at risk of developing PTSD in a South African context appears to be non- existent. The current study aimed to explore and describe first responders’ perceptions of STS and the screening and referral of trauma survivors at risk of developing PTSD. A qualitative design was employed using semi-structured interview questions. The researcher employed a purposive sampling method. As such, only first responders in the emergency unit of general hospitals who regularly work with trauma survivors will be considered for the current study. The data from the interviews was analyzed using thematic analysis based on the principles proposed by Braun and Clark (2006). The findings from this study indicated that while first responders are at risk of developing STS due to the high frequency exposure to traumatic material, very few considered the effects of working with trauma on their mental health. Furthermore, participants in this study reported having inadequate knowledge of PTSD and did not feel confident in screening for trauma survivors at risk of developing PTSD. In addition, participants reported that, while they have previously screened and referred trauma survivors who may be at risk, there was no standard protocol for screening and referring such patients. That being said, the participants did state that should they consider a patient a risk, the hospitals in which they worked did have psychologists on-site.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Chong, Ferhana Ting
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Secondary traumatic stress
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50801 , vital:42702
- Description: The risk of civilians being exposed to a traumatic event in South Africa is relatively high. This also means that several professional helpers termed first responders, will have frequent contact with individuals who have been traumatized. Working with trauma survivors could have both negative and positive outcomes. On the one hand, first responders’ interaction with trauma survivors provide them with the opportunity to detect when a survivor may be at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unfortunately, this exposure also puts them at risk of developing secondary traumatic stress with symptoms like those of the trauma survivors they assist. Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) is relatively well studied among certain helping professions such as therapists, counsellors, social workers and even advocates who work with trauma survivors. Research concerning STS among emergency unit first responders is, however, limited (especially in the South African context). Furthermore, literature investigating emergency unit first responder’s perception of secondary traumatic stress and the screening and referral of trauma survivors at risk of developing PTSD in a South African context appears to be non- existent. The current study aimed to explore and describe first responders’ perceptions of STS and the screening and referral of trauma survivors at risk of developing PTSD. A qualitative design was employed using semi-structured interview questions. The researcher employed a purposive sampling method. As such, only first responders in the emergency unit of general hospitals who regularly work with trauma survivors will be considered for the current study. The data from the interviews was analyzed using thematic analysis based on the principles proposed by Braun and Clark (2006). The findings from this study indicated that while first responders are at risk of developing STS due to the high frequency exposure to traumatic material, very few considered the effects of working with trauma on their mental health. Furthermore, participants in this study reported having inadequate knowledge of PTSD and did not feel confident in screening for trauma survivors at risk of developing PTSD. In addition, participants reported that, while they have previously screened and referred trauma survivors who may be at risk, there was no standard protocol for screening and referring such patients. That being said, the participants did state that should they consider a patient a risk, the hospitals in which they worked did have psychologists on-site.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2020
Primary school teachers’ perceptions and experiences regarding the risk and protective factors impacting learner conduct
- Authors: Mxhobo, Buhle Vuyo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: LCSH
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46446 , vital:39584
- Description: Learners are interconnected with their families, schools and communities and can thus be affected risk or protective factorsthat occur in the community.Such factors could relate to lack of parent-to-learner relationships, poor teacher-to-learner relationships and/or violencewitnessedfrom the community.The purpose of this study was to gain anunderstanding of primary school teachers’ perceptions andexperiences regarding the riskand protective factors impactinglearner conduct. This study utiliseda qualitative approach. An explorative, descriptive andcontextual design wasfollowed. Semi-structured individual interviews wereimplemented. Thesampling technique used was non-probability, purposive sampling. Tesch’s model (in Creswell, 2009) wasfollowed for the data analysis process.The data led to identification of three themes, namely: risk and protective factorsimpacting learner conduct. Recommendations that preventrisk factors and promoteprotective factorswere identified.The researcher implemented Guba’s model (Krefting, 1991) for data verification. This study contributes to the social work knowledgein that it provides a deeper understanding of factors affecting learner contact.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Mxhobo, Buhle Vuyo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: LCSH
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/46446 , vital:39584
- Description: Learners are interconnected with their families, schools and communities and can thus be affected risk or protective factorsthat occur in the community.Such factors could relate to lack of parent-to-learner relationships, poor teacher-to-learner relationships and/or violencewitnessedfrom the community.The purpose of this study was to gain anunderstanding of primary school teachers’ perceptions andexperiences regarding the riskand protective factors impactinglearner conduct. This study utiliseda qualitative approach. An explorative, descriptive andcontextual design wasfollowed. Semi-structured individual interviews wereimplemented. Thesampling technique used was non-probability, purposive sampling. Tesch’s model (in Creswell, 2009) wasfollowed for the data analysis process.The data led to identification of three themes, namely: risk and protective factorsimpacting learner conduct. Recommendations that preventrisk factors and promoteprotective factorswere identified.The researcher implemented Guba’s model (Krefting, 1991) for data verification. This study contributes to the social work knowledgein that it provides a deeper understanding of factors affecting learner contact.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Cost cutting measures for the maintenance of hospital medical equipment in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Mabentsela, Bonga https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-849X
- Authors: Mabentsela, Bonga https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-849X
- Date: 2020-01
- Subjects: Finance, Public , Health services administration , Maps
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20094 , vital:45152
- Description: The Eastern Cape Department of Health is located in Bisho, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and about 88 percent of the EC population is serviced by the public health sector. Most of the facilities are situated in remote areas and for the maintenance of medical equipment they rely on the service of the few private equipment vendors that are situated in two cities, East London and Port Elizabeth and in some instances these vendors are located in Gauteng province. The location of vendors makes it difficult and impossible for these medical equipment vendors to render the acceptable service to the Department. This study was undertaken to systematically study the cost cutting measures of medical equipment department of health, Eastern Cape. A quantitative method approach was used using exploratory and descriptive research design during the 2019-20 financial year (April 2019 to March 2020). The sample for this study was limited to managers who have the ability to provide the information about the acquisition, maintenance and management of medical equipment. The total sample size was 100. The major finding was that outsourcing is not feasible. The respondents preferred insourcing, standardisation of medical equipment and procuring equipment with comprehensive maintenance contracts. The findings from the study were that the Department will cut costs associated with medical equipment if maintenance of medical equipment is in-sourced, equipment is standardized and equipment is procured with maintenance contracts. The study recommended that the Department should revisit some of its medical equipment maintenance strategies and draw up comprehensive interventions to reduce costs associated with maintenance of medical equipment and improve service delivery in the Department. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-01
- Authors: Mabentsela, Bonga https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-849X
- Date: 2020-01
- Subjects: Finance, Public , Health services administration , Maps
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20094 , vital:45152
- Description: The Eastern Cape Department of Health is located in Bisho, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and about 88 percent of the EC population is serviced by the public health sector. Most of the facilities are situated in remote areas and for the maintenance of medical equipment they rely on the service of the few private equipment vendors that are situated in two cities, East London and Port Elizabeth and in some instances these vendors are located in Gauteng province. The location of vendors makes it difficult and impossible for these medical equipment vendors to render the acceptable service to the Department. This study was undertaken to systematically study the cost cutting measures of medical equipment department of health, Eastern Cape. A quantitative method approach was used using exploratory and descriptive research design during the 2019-20 financial year (April 2019 to March 2020). The sample for this study was limited to managers who have the ability to provide the information about the acquisition, maintenance and management of medical equipment. The total sample size was 100. The major finding was that outsourcing is not feasible. The respondents preferred insourcing, standardisation of medical equipment and procuring equipment with comprehensive maintenance contracts. The findings from the study were that the Department will cut costs associated with medical equipment if maintenance of medical equipment is in-sourced, equipment is standardized and equipment is procured with maintenance contracts. The study recommended that the Department should revisit some of its medical equipment maintenance strategies and draw up comprehensive interventions to reduce costs associated with maintenance of medical equipment and improve service delivery in the Department. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Health Science, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-01
A model for retention-to-graduation of undergraduate nursing students at universities in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Nkutu, Nonyaniso Trustina
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Universities and colleges--South Africa--Eastern Cape College students--South Africa--Eastern Cape Nursing students--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Nursing
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15946 , vital:40566
- Description: The retention of nursing students in the undergraduate programme in universities is a global concern for the health care system, because of the low rate of nurse graduates. The strategies for retention for nursing students in undergraduate programmes in South African universities arguably have limited success in curbing failure to graduate. The failure to graduate rate of nursing students is a global phenomenon, where for example in 2009, the rate of failure to graduate in the United States of America was 30%. However, countries like Jamaica and Australia reported good retention rates through the use of various successful initiatives, such as student bursaries, student loans, scholarships and academic assistance. Previous studies in South Africa have showed that the incidence of nursing students’ failure to graduate rate is an ongoing challenge since the 1960s. Further, research has found that, despite the high annual enrolment of students into universities, only few nursing students graduate on time, while others fail to graduate. This phenomenon affects the rendering and quality of services to patients and clients in the health care facilities. When students fail to graduate from the programme, patients and clients get deprived of the services they would have got, had the students completed and graduated from the programme. On the other hand, the students themselves get frustrated due to the failure to complete the programme. Nursing Education Institutions (NEIs) also share in the disappointment and the loss of even one student who fails to graduate, because it is their obligation to graduate more nurses. Previous studies have sought to understand why students fail to complete their studies, and many factors have been identified. Therefore, there is need to further understand the factors associated with nursing student failure to complete their programme in different contexts such as South Africa. It is for this reason that the aim of this study was to develop a model for retention of nursing students in order to facilitate progression towards graduation in the undergraduate programme at the universities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study endeavoured to answer the following research questions: What are the factors associated with retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate nursing programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What are the strategies to enhance retention to graduation of nursing students in universities in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What conceptual framework can be developed for retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What model could be developed for retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate nursing programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What guidelines should be formulated for the implementation of the model for retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate nursing programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? To answer these questions, quantitative research approach with a descriptive, contextual and theory generation design was used. The study was conducted in four phases. Phase 1 used deductive concept identification to describe factors and strategies to enhance retention –to-graduation of nursing students in the undergraduate nursing programme. Phase 2 used inductive concept analysis for the development of a conceptual framework. In phase 3 reasoning strategies (inductive, deductive, derivation, synthesis and analysis) informed by data as well as the literature were used in order to generate a theory for model development. In phase 4, the guidelines for developing a preliminary model were formulated for theory implementation. The study setting was in the Eastern Cape universities, within faculties of Health Sciences. The researcher adapted Jeffreys’ Nursing Undergraduate Retention and Success (NURS) 2012 model as a data collecting instrument, which was pilot tested for reliability and validity. Permission to utilize the model was obtained. The targeted population was full time nursing students in the undergraduate nursing programme. A multistage stratified random sample from first year to fourth year level was used. The inclusion criterion was based on one being full time nursing student, aged between 18 and 50 years and from the Eastern Cape Province universities. Student nurses in colleges and part-time students were excluded from this study. The study adhered to research ethics and procedures by for example obtaining ethical clearance from the ethics committee of the University of Fort Hare and the other two selected universities. The ethical components were met: The Ethical clearance based on the following aspects: written consent to undertake the study; approval from the two of the selected universities; and permission to conduct a pilot study from the University of Fort Hare. Permission was also sought and obtained from Quality Assurance Unit in the Eastern Cape Province, in Bisho. The principle of beneficence; respect for human dignity; the right to self-determination based on the ethical principle of respect for persons; the principle of self-determination; the principle of justice, the right to fair treatment, the right to privacy, the right to informed consent were all considered. Data analysis was done through Statistical Analysis Systems (SAS) version 9.3 for quantitative data and Atlas Ti was used to analyse and quantify the open-ended section of the questionnaire. The results showed multidimensional factors associated with retention-to-graduation of the nursing students in the undergraduate programme. Strategies to enhance retention –to graduation were also indicated although there was no one perfect example since they were not evaluated for effectiveness. A retention-to-graduation model for nursing students in the undergraduate nursing programme was developed based on the results.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Nkutu, Nonyaniso Trustina
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Universities and colleges--South Africa--Eastern Cape College students--South Africa--Eastern Cape Nursing students--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Nursing
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15946 , vital:40566
- Description: The retention of nursing students in the undergraduate programme in universities is a global concern for the health care system, because of the low rate of nurse graduates. The strategies for retention for nursing students in undergraduate programmes in South African universities arguably have limited success in curbing failure to graduate. The failure to graduate rate of nursing students is a global phenomenon, where for example in 2009, the rate of failure to graduate in the United States of America was 30%. However, countries like Jamaica and Australia reported good retention rates through the use of various successful initiatives, such as student bursaries, student loans, scholarships and academic assistance. Previous studies in South Africa have showed that the incidence of nursing students’ failure to graduate rate is an ongoing challenge since the 1960s. Further, research has found that, despite the high annual enrolment of students into universities, only few nursing students graduate on time, while others fail to graduate. This phenomenon affects the rendering and quality of services to patients and clients in the health care facilities. When students fail to graduate from the programme, patients and clients get deprived of the services they would have got, had the students completed and graduated from the programme. On the other hand, the students themselves get frustrated due to the failure to complete the programme. Nursing Education Institutions (NEIs) also share in the disappointment and the loss of even one student who fails to graduate, because it is their obligation to graduate more nurses. Previous studies have sought to understand why students fail to complete their studies, and many factors have been identified. Therefore, there is need to further understand the factors associated with nursing student failure to complete their programme in different contexts such as South Africa. It is for this reason that the aim of this study was to develop a model for retention of nursing students in order to facilitate progression towards graduation in the undergraduate programme at the universities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study endeavoured to answer the following research questions: What are the factors associated with retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate nursing programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What are the strategies to enhance retention to graduation of nursing students in universities in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What conceptual framework can be developed for retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What model could be developed for retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate nursing programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? What guidelines should be formulated for the implementation of the model for retention-to-graduation of nursing students from the undergraduate nursing programme in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa? To answer these questions, quantitative research approach with a descriptive, contextual and theory generation design was used. The study was conducted in four phases. Phase 1 used deductive concept identification to describe factors and strategies to enhance retention –to-graduation of nursing students in the undergraduate nursing programme. Phase 2 used inductive concept analysis for the development of a conceptual framework. In phase 3 reasoning strategies (inductive, deductive, derivation, synthesis and analysis) informed by data as well as the literature were used in order to generate a theory for model development. In phase 4, the guidelines for developing a preliminary model were formulated for theory implementation. The study setting was in the Eastern Cape universities, within faculties of Health Sciences. The researcher adapted Jeffreys’ Nursing Undergraduate Retention and Success (NURS) 2012 model as a data collecting instrument, which was pilot tested for reliability and validity. Permission to utilize the model was obtained. The targeted population was full time nursing students in the undergraduate nursing programme. A multistage stratified random sample from first year to fourth year level was used. The inclusion criterion was based on one being full time nursing student, aged between 18 and 50 years and from the Eastern Cape Province universities. Student nurses in colleges and part-time students were excluded from this study. The study adhered to research ethics and procedures by for example obtaining ethical clearance from the ethics committee of the University of Fort Hare and the other two selected universities. The ethical components were met: The Ethical clearance based on the following aspects: written consent to undertake the study; approval from the two of the selected universities; and permission to conduct a pilot study from the University of Fort Hare. Permission was also sought and obtained from Quality Assurance Unit in the Eastern Cape Province, in Bisho. The principle of beneficence; respect for human dignity; the right to self-determination based on the ethical principle of respect for persons; the principle of self-determination; the principle of justice, the right to fair treatment, the right to privacy, the right to informed consent were all considered. Data analysis was done through Statistical Analysis Systems (SAS) version 9.3 for quantitative data and Atlas Ti was used to analyse and quantify the open-ended section of the questionnaire. The results showed multidimensional factors associated with retention-to-graduation of the nursing students in the undergraduate programme. Strategies to enhance retention –to graduation were also indicated although there was no one perfect example since they were not evaluated for effectiveness. A retention-to-graduation model for nursing students in the undergraduate nursing programme was developed based on the results.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Factors contributing to low supervision rate in Ugu District primary healthcare clinics
- Authors: Mkhize, Ntokozo Clarice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Mentoring in medicine http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98003695 , Mentoring in nursing http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92002828 , Public health personnel--Supervision of
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19534 , vital:43136
- Description: Among the threats, barriers and challenges impeding access to health services in developing countries, Primary Healthcare Supervision was reported as a critical link with complex interventions that are implemented in different ways (Bosch-Capblanch & Garner, 2008:369). Among the objectives of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health Policy for PHC Supervision; are increasing the PHC Supervision rate from 60 percent to 85 percent; improvement of community participation and inter-sectoral collaboration to achieve improved health services in all health clinics in the Province of KwaZuluNatal (KZN Department of Health PHC Supervision Policy, 2010:9). However, currently there is no policy guiding the PHC Supervision processes in the province albeit an adapted policy document from the National Health Department and set of supervision tools are used to date. It is therefore critical to examine the strength and weaknesses of the current adapted guidelines for PHC Supervision processes including the reasons for the current low PHC Supervision rate in the province. , Thesis (MPH) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mkhize, Ntokozo Clarice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Mentoring in medicine http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh98003695 , Mentoring in nursing http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92002828 , Public health personnel--Supervision of
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19534 , vital:43136
- Description: Among the threats, barriers and challenges impeding access to health services in developing countries, Primary Healthcare Supervision was reported as a critical link with complex interventions that are implemented in different ways (Bosch-Capblanch & Garner, 2008:369). Among the objectives of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health Policy for PHC Supervision; are increasing the PHC Supervision rate from 60 percent to 85 percent; improvement of community participation and inter-sectoral collaboration to achieve improved health services in all health clinics in the Province of KwaZuluNatal (KZN Department of Health PHC Supervision Policy, 2010:9). However, currently there is no policy guiding the PHC Supervision processes in the province albeit an adapted policy document from the National Health Department and set of supervision tools are used to date. It is therefore critical to examine the strength and weaknesses of the current adapted guidelines for PHC Supervision processes including the reasons for the current low PHC Supervision rate in the province. , Thesis (MPH) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Perceptions and experiences of ward based outreach teams in implementation of primary health care reengineering at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni Sub District in OR Tambo Health District in the Eastern Cape Province- South Africa
- Authors: Jack, Nomfanelo Mirriam
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Primary health care Nurses--South Africa--Eastern Cape Primary health care--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Public Health
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11085 , vital:37127
- Description: This study focused on perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing Primary Health Care Re-engineering at Nyandeni and Mhlontlo Sub-Districts in OR Tambo District. Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as essential health care, devised to be universally accessible to the community through means acceptable to them, with their full involvement and at costs that the community can afford. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced the new strategy of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOTs) that are regarded as the key stakeholders in this effort, as they render health services at households. WBOTs are allocated in different municipal wards and are supposed to visit the population, irrespective of race, socio-economic status and geographical setting. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing the RPHC at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni sub-districts. The qualitative research design was employed to reach the objectives of the study. The sample used was all WBOTs who had been working for more than one year and had undergone WBOTs training for ten days. Self- structured questionnaires, one-on-one interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from different categories of WBOTs. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as explained by the Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa, such as anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research. Participant’s names were not written on the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using themes, categories and sub categories, the statistical package for social sciences. Bar graphs and tables were used to communicate data. The results of the study showed that WBOTs are essential to needy households and individuals. The study revealed that the job of Community Health Workers (CHWs) involved community mapping, giving health education talks, household registration, tracing of defaulters, referring needy clients to health facilities depending on severity of illnesses and building relations with other government organizations, namely the Department of Home Affairs, to help clients obtain birth certificates and identity documents, the Department of Social Development, for social problems within households, and the Department of Education, acting as partner for the overall welfare of students. The results of the study revealed that shortage of outreach teams, limited resources, inconsistence in recruitment of Health Promoters and Community Health Workers causes psychological distress, frustration, absenteeism, less concentration when serving communities and impacts on the service delivery system. Therefore,it is recommended that the Department of health should provide outreach teams with medical equipment, dedicated transport, trainings and improve recruitment and retention strategy. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that the department of Health has taken the right direction with this programme and that some cooperation does exist between health and other departments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Jack, Nomfanelo Mirriam
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Primary health care Nurses--South Africa--Eastern Cape Primary health care--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Public Health
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11085 , vital:37127
- Description: This study focused on perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing Primary Health Care Re-engineering at Nyandeni and Mhlontlo Sub-Districts in OR Tambo District. Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as essential health care, devised to be universally accessible to the community through means acceptable to them, with their full involvement and at costs that the community can afford. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced the new strategy of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOTs) that are regarded as the key stakeholders in this effort, as they render health services at households. WBOTs are allocated in different municipal wards and are supposed to visit the population, irrespective of race, socio-economic status and geographical setting. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing the RPHC at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni sub-districts. The qualitative research design was employed to reach the objectives of the study. The sample used was all WBOTs who had been working for more than one year and had undergone WBOTs training for ten days. Self- structured questionnaires, one-on-one interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from different categories of WBOTs. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as explained by the Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa, such as anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research. Participant’s names were not written on the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using themes, categories and sub categories, the statistical package for social sciences. Bar graphs and tables were used to communicate data. The results of the study showed that WBOTs are essential to needy households and individuals. The study revealed that the job of Community Health Workers (CHWs) involved community mapping, giving health education talks, household registration, tracing of defaulters, referring needy clients to health facilities depending on severity of illnesses and building relations with other government organizations, namely the Department of Home Affairs, to help clients obtain birth certificates and identity documents, the Department of Social Development, for social problems within households, and the Department of Education, acting as partner for the overall welfare of students. The results of the study revealed that shortage of outreach teams, limited resources, inconsistence in recruitment of Health Promoters and Community Health Workers causes psychological distress, frustration, absenteeism, less concentration when serving communities and impacts on the service delivery system. Therefore,it is recommended that the Department of health should provide outreach teams with medical equipment, dedicated transport, trainings and improve recruitment and retention strategy. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that the department of Health has taken the right direction with this programme and that some cooperation does exist between health and other departments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Pharmacist perceptions of pharmacy support personnel in the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector in Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Worthington, Nicole
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Pharmacists -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPharm
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42434 , vital:36659
- Description: Pharmacy support personnel (PSP) are employed across multiple pharmaceutical sectors in South Africa. They assist pharmacists in the manufacturing sector, while under their direct, personal supervision, to carry out the pharmacists’ functions listed in the South African Good Manufacturing Practice guidelines, within a defined scope of practice. Prior to 2013, all PSP training was workplace-based. The recent introduction of a university-based qualification for PSP has resulted in two routes for students to qualify as PSP. This study employed a qualitative, phenomenological design using semistructured interviews with pharmacists employed in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Their perceptions regarding PSP who had trained via the two training routes where interpreted through thematic analysis in order to determine whether a perceived difference in the abilities of the two cadres of PSP exists. Pharmacists generally expressed a more positive perception of PSP who qualified through the university-based programme. Strengths and weaknesses of both routes of training were identified, with areas of possible improvement identified for both programmes. Furthermore, a mutually supportive pharmacist – PSP relationship was deemed important in order to achieve optimal functionality in the workplace. The need for both pharmacists and PSP to be made aware of the roles that they play in this relationship was highlighted.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Worthington, Nicole
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Pharmacists -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPharm
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42434 , vital:36659
- Description: Pharmacy support personnel (PSP) are employed across multiple pharmaceutical sectors in South Africa. They assist pharmacists in the manufacturing sector, while under their direct, personal supervision, to carry out the pharmacists’ functions listed in the South African Good Manufacturing Practice guidelines, within a defined scope of practice. Prior to 2013, all PSP training was workplace-based. The recent introduction of a university-based qualification for PSP has resulted in two routes for students to qualify as PSP. This study employed a qualitative, phenomenological design using semistructured interviews with pharmacists employed in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Their perceptions regarding PSP who had trained via the two training routes where interpreted through thematic analysis in order to determine whether a perceived difference in the abilities of the two cadres of PSP exists. Pharmacists generally expressed a more positive perception of PSP who qualified through the university-based programme. Strengths and weaknesses of both routes of training were identified, with areas of possible improvement identified for both programmes. Furthermore, a mutually supportive pharmacist – PSP relationship was deemed important in order to achieve optimal functionality in the workplace. The need for both pharmacists and PSP to be made aware of the roles that they play in this relationship was highlighted.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018