A commercial process development for plant food formulation using polyprotic acids from natural extracts as chelating agents
- Authors: Ndibewu, Peter Papoh
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Chelates , Lemon juice , Liquid fertilizers
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10368 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/153 , Chelates , Lemon juice , Liquid fertilizers
- Description: The citrus industry is one of South Africa's largest agricultural sectors in terms of export earnings with lemon fruits and juice as a trendsetter due to their high grade quality. According to growers, the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa alone produces an excess of about 10-14,000 tons of lemon juice which is presently of no economic value due to the sour taste and “bitterness”. As a result of this excess and in order to make use of the polyprotic acids naturally occurring in the lemon juice, four fertilizer nutrient mixtures are formulated, using lemon juice as base. From a conceptual scientific approach, characterization (physico-chemical and functional properties determinations) of Eureka Lemon fruit juices were undertaken, followed by smaller scale batch formulation experiments. On the basis that these lemon juice-based fertilizer mixtures are prepared following standard liquid fertilizer formulation guidelines, a field test was conducted to evaluate their potential effectiveness to influence plant growth. A growth chamber testing on tomato plants revealed high growth response (> 99.9 % certainty) potential in two of the semi-organic mixtures formulated while the organic mixture showed a relatively good growth rate as compared to the control (pure tap water). According to statistical analysis (ANOVA) comparison, two of the semi-organic mixtures performed considerably better than the two commercial samples evaluated. Potential benefits profoundly associated with these nutrient mixtures as compared to similar liquid fertilizer products on the market is that most nutrients are chelated and dissolved in solution. Also, the mixtures contain all necessary nutrients including plant growth substances required for healthier plant growth. The most important socioeconomic impact is the value addition to the technology chain in the citrus industry. The use of fluid fertilizers in significant quantities is less than twenty years old. Nevertheless, growth has been so rapid that in South Africa demand for mixed liquid fertilizer has greatly increased from 90 000 tons NPK & blended micronutrients in 1955 to more than 600 000 per annum tons today (Report 41/2003, Department of Minerals and Energy). The liquid fertilizers market is sparsely specialized with major competitors like Omnia, Kynoch and Foskor supplying more than 50 % of the market demand. Amongst the nutrient mixtures formulated, mixture one is an NPK (1-1-2) based nutrient mixture containing both secondary nutrients (0.5 % Mg & 1.0 % Ca) and seven micronutrients (0.1 % Fe, 0.05 % Cu, 0.05 % Zn, 0.05 % Mn, 0.02 % B, 0.0005 % Mo and 0.0005 % Co). The composition of this mixture offers the formula a potential to be used as a general purpose (all stages of plant growth) fertilization mixture in view of its balanced composition (containing all essential plant nutrients). Mixture two contains essentially the micronutrients and in higher concentrations (0.3 % Fe, 0.3 % Cu, 0.1 % Zn, 0.2 % Mn, 0.02 % B, 0.0005 % Mo and 0.0005 % Co) as compared to mixture one except for boron, molybdenum and cobalt. The concentration of the micronutrients contained in this mixture is adequately high which offers a potential for it to be used in supplementing nutrition in plants with critical micronutrient-deficient symptoms. Mixture three is very similar to mixture two (1.0 % Fe, 0.05 % Cu, 0.05 % Zn, 0.05 Mn, 0.05 % B, 0.0005 % Mo and 0.0005 % Co) except that the concentrations of all seven micronutrients are considerably less than those of contained in mixture two. However, the concentration of iron in this mixture is as high as 1.0 %. The mixture has a potential to be used in high iron-deficient situations. Mixture four is an organic formula with relatively low nutrient concentrations (NPK-0.02-0.02-1, 0.27 % Mg, 0.02 % Ca, 0.008 % Fe, 0.26 % Cu, 0.012 % Zn, 0.009 % Mn). Nevertheless, this mixture is appealing for organically grown crops where the use of chemicals is prohibited by standards. These lemon juice-based nutrient mixtures were further characterized and tested for stability and storability over a period of eight weeks. This study revealed no major change in the physical quality (colour, pH and “salt out” effect). The basic formulation methodology is a two-step procedure that involves filtration of the lemon juice to remove membranous materials, mixing at ambient temperature and stabilization of the nutrient mixtures. However, for the organic nutrient formula mix, filtration follows after extraction of nutrients from plant materials using the lemon juice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Ndibewu, Peter Papoh
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Chelates , Lemon juice , Liquid fertilizers
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DTech (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:10368 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/153 , Chelates , Lemon juice , Liquid fertilizers
- Description: The citrus industry is one of South Africa's largest agricultural sectors in terms of export earnings with lemon fruits and juice as a trendsetter due to their high grade quality. According to growers, the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa alone produces an excess of about 10-14,000 tons of lemon juice which is presently of no economic value due to the sour taste and “bitterness”. As a result of this excess and in order to make use of the polyprotic acids naturally occurring in the lemon juice, four fertilizer nutrient mixtures are formulated, using lemon juice as base. From a conceptual scientific approach, characterization (physico-chemical and functional properties determinations) of Eureka Lemon fruit juices were undertaken, followed by smaller scale batch formulation experiments. On the basis that these lemon juice-based fertilizer mixtures are prepared following standard liquid fertilizer formulation guidelines, a field test was conducted to evaluate their potential effectiveness to influence plant growth. A growth chamber testing on tomato plants revealed high growth response (> 99.9 % certainty) potential in two of the semi-organic mixtures formulated while the organic mixture showed a relatively good growth rate as compared to the control (pure tap water). According to statistical analysis (ANOVA) comparison, two of the semi-organic mixtures performed considerably better than the two commercial samples evaluated. Potential benefits profoundly associated with these nutrient mixtures as compared to similar liquid fertilizer products on the market is that most nutrients are chelated and dissolved in solution. Also, the mixtures contain all necessary nutrients including plant growth substances required for healthier plant growth. The most important socioeconomic impact is the value addition to the technology chain in the citrus industry. The use of fluid fertilizers in significant quantities is less than twenty years old. Nevertheless, growth has been so rapid that in South Africa demand for mixed liquid fertilizer has greatly increased from 90 000 tons NPK & blended micronutrients in 1955 to more than 600 000 per annum tons today (Report 41/2003, Department of Minerals and Energy). The liquid fertilizers market is sparsely specialized with major competitors like Omnia, Kynoch and Foskor supplying more than 50 % of the market demand. Amongst the nutrient mixtures formulated, mixture one is an NPK (1-1-2) based nutrient mixture containing both secondary nutrients (0.5 % Mg & 1.0 % Ca) and seven micronutrients (0.1 % Fe, 0.05 % Cu, 0.05 % Zn, 0.05 % Mn, 0.02 % B, 0.0005 % Mo and 0.0005 % Co). The composition of this mixture offers the formula a potential to be used as a general purpose (all stages of plant growth) fertilization mixture in view of its balanced composition (containing all essential plant nutrients). Mixture two contains essentially the micronutrients and in higher concentrations (0.3 % Fe, 0.3 % Cu, 0.1 % Zn, 0.2 % Mn, 0.02 % B, 0.0005 % Mo and 0.0005 % Co) as compared to mixture one except for boron, molybdenum and cobalt. The concentration of the micronutrients contained in this mixture is adequately high which offers a potential for it to be used in supplementing nutrition in plants with critical micronutrient-deficient symptoms. Mixture three is very similar to mixture two (1.0 % Fe, 0.05 % Cu, 0.05 % Zn, 0.05 Mn, 0.05 % B, 0.0005 % Mo and 0.0005 % Co) except that the concentrations of all seven micronutrients are considerably less than those of contained in mixture two. However, the concentration of iron in this mixture is as high as 1.0 %. The mixture has a potential to be used in high iron-deficient situations. Mixture four is an organic formula with relatively low nutrient concentrations (NPK-0.02-0.02-1, 0.27 % Mg, 0.02 % Ca, 0.008 % Fe, 0.26 % Cu, 0.012 % Zn, 0.009 % Mn). Nevertheless, this mixture is appealing for organically grown crops where the use of chemicals is prohibited by standards. These lemon juice-based nutrient mixtures were further characterized and tested for stability and storability over a period of eight weeks. This study revealed no major change in the physical quality (colour, pH and “salt out” effect). The basic formulation methodology is a two-step procedure that involves filtration of the lemon juice to remove membranous materials, mixing at ambient temperature and stabilization of the nutrient mixtures. However, for the organic nutrient formula mix, filtration follows after extraction of nutrients from plant materials using the lemon juice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A critical analysis of the influence of the performance management system used in the financial department at General Motors South Africa
- Authors: Beckett, Yasmien
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Performance -- Management , Employees, Rating of , Organizational effectiveness , Finance departments , General Motors (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10925 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/155 , Performance -- Management , Employees, Rating of , Organizational effectiveness , Finance departments , General Motors (South Africa)
- Description: Recently, organisations have been faced with challenges like never before. Increasing competition from businesses across the world has meant that businesses must be more careful about the choice of strategies to remain competitive. This situation has placed more focus on organizational effectiveness in that systems and processes be applied in the right way to the right things to achieve results. All of the organisational processes must continue to be aligned to achieve the overall results desired by the organisation for it to survive and thrive. Performance management is an ongoing process that should reflect the current and emerging business challenges, as well as the company’s values about performance and careers. As the business and workforce change, the performance management process should be modified to ensure that the process and tools remain congruent with organisational values and priorities. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of the current performance management system, in the Finance department at General Motors South Africa, as a facilitation tool in aiding or assisting management in achieving individual and departmental goals. To achieve this objective a comprehensive literature study was performed to determine the views on performance, and on performance management systems. A questionnaire was designed based on the guidelines in the literature study, in order to establish the extent to which the organisation manages performance. The researcher used the random sampling method of selection and distributed the questionnaire to eighty one potential respondents via mail and electronic e-mail. Forty one completed questionnaires were returned and these were processed and -iiianalysed using Microsoft Office Excel 2003, running on the Windows XP suite of computer packages. The respondent’s opinion obtained from the questionnaires were compared with the guidelines provided by the literature study in order to identify shortcomings of the influence that the performance management system has on the achievement of individual and departmental goals at the selected organisation. It can be concluded from the respondent’s opinions that the greatest shortcomings of the current performance management system are the link between performance and reward, and commitment to the process in its totality. The other areas of concern are the lack of training and development, and the necessary resources required to achieve objectives. The study also indicates there is no overwhelming agreement that feedback, both positive and negative, takes place as the literature suggests. The following were the main recommendations and conclusions made: • Firstly, it is imperative that management undergoes training in the feedback and review process which is a critical element in the performance management cycle. • Secondly, to realise the benefit of increased employee effectiveness, management should undergo training to become more effective career coaches to promote a climate of continuous learning and professional growth. • Thirdly, the reward system should be reviewed, if management is committed to using pay as an incentive for desired levels and directions of performance. • Fourthly, management can set an example and build commitment for effective performance management and be leaders at all levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Beckett, Yasmien
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Performance -- Management , Employees, Rating of , Organizational effectiveness , Finance departments , General Motors (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10925 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/155 , Performance -- Management , Employees, Rating of , Organizational effectiveness , Finance departments , General Motors (South Africa)
- Description: Recently, organisations have been faced with challenges like never before. Increasing competition from businesses across the world has meant that businesses must be more careful about the choice of strategies to remain competitive. This situation has placed more focus on organizational effectiveness in that systems and processes be applied in the right way to the right things to achieve results. All of the organisational processes must continue to be aligned to achieve the overall results desired by the organisation for it to survive and thrive. Performance management is an ongoing process that should reflect the current and emerging business challenges, as well as the company’s values about performance and careers. As the business and workforce change, the performance management process should be modified to ensure that the process and tools remain congruent with organisational values and priorities. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of the current performance management system, in the Finance department at General Motors South Africa, as a facilitation tool in aiding or assisting management in achieving individual and departmental goals. To achieve this objective a comprehensive literature study was performed to determine the views on performance, and on performance management systems. A questionnaire was designed based on the guidelines in the literature study, in order to establish the extent to which the organisation manages performance. The researcher used the random sampling method of selection and distributed the questionnaire to eighty one potential respondents via mail and electronic e-mail. Forty one completed questionnaires were returned and these were processed and -iiianalysed using Microsoft Office Excel 2003, running on the Windows XP suite of computer packages. The respondent’s opinion obtained from the questionnaires were compared with the guidelines provided by the literature study in order to identify shortcomings of the influence that the performance management system has on the achievement of individual and departmental goals at the selected organisation. It can be concluded from the respondent’s opinions that the greatest shortcomings of the current performance management system are the link between performance and reward, and commitment to the process in its totality. The other areas of concern are the lack of training and development, and the necessary resources required to achieve objectives. The study also indicates there is no overwhelming agreement that feedback, both positive and negative, takes place as the literature suggests. The following were the main recommendations and conclusions made: • Firstly, it is imperative that management undergoes training in the feedback and review process which is a critical element in the performance management cycle. • Secondly, to realise the benefit of increased employee effectiveness, management should undergo training to become more effective career coaches to promote a climate of continuous learning and professional growth. • Thirdly, the reward system should be reviewed, if management is committed to using pay as an incentive for desired levels and directions of performance. • Fourthly, management can set an example and build commitment for effective performance management and be leaders at all levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A critical analysis of the information technology infrastructure outsource deal between Trans Hex Operations and Commsco
- Authors: Makka, Ferrandi W
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Contracting out -- Management , Information technology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8545 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1595 , Contracting out -- Management , Information technology -- South Africa
- Description: The outsourcing market for information technology services has been transformed over the last few years. Outsourcing, once inspired primarily by cost reductions, now forms part of overall company strategies in order to improve focus. Intent: The purpose of this research project is to conduct a critical analysis of the outsourcing of information technology infrastructure. In particular, this paper will focus on the process followed and on adherence to good corporate governance and business ethics. This dissertation addresses (i) the strategic reasons for outsourcing, (ii) reasons for not outsourcing, (iii) the different types of models available, (iv) the outsourcing process to follow, and (v) the risks associated with outsourcing. These five aspects were all empirically tested in Trans Hex. Findings: The main findings were that (i) no recognized formal process had been followed; (ii) the risk profile of the outsourcing company changed and (iii) a post-outsourcing review is required to determine whether the process is working as planned and to identify opportunities for improvement. Conclusion: A new approach is needed to improve the viability and success of outsourcing information technology infrastructure. Based on the present findings it is argued that a holistic approach to information technology infrastructure outsourcing should be adopted which combines several outsourcing processes into a company-specific outsourcing process framework.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Makka, Ferrandi W
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Contracting out -- Management , Information technology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8545 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1595 , Contracting out -- Management , Information technology -- South Africa
- Description: The outsourcing market for information technology services has been transformed over the last few years. Outsourcing, once inspired primarily by cost reductions, now forms part of overall company strategies in order to improve focus. Intent: The purpose of this research project is to conduct a critical analysis of the outsourcing of information technology infrastructure. In particular, this paper will focus on the process followed and on adherence to good corporate governance and business ethics. This dissertation addresses (i) the strategic reasons for outsourcing, (ii) reasons for not outsourcing, (iii) the different types of models available, (iv) the outsourcing process to follow, and (v) the risks associated with outsourcing. These five aspects were all empirically tested in Trans Hex. Findings: The main findings were that (i) no recognized formal process had been followed; (ii) the risk profile of the outsourcing company changed and (iii) a post-outsourcing review is required to determine whether the process is working as planned and to identify opportunities for improvement. Conclusion: A new approach is needed to improve the viability and success of outsourcing information technology infrastructure. Based on the present findings it is argued that a holistic approach to information technology infrastructure outsourcing should be adopted which combines several outsourcing processes into a company-specific outsourcing process framework.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A development of solutions to the problems experienced by expatriates in multinational corporations
- Authors: Faas, Pamella Misiwe
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: International business enterprises -- Management , International business enterprises -- Personnel management , Employment in foreign countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8548 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/424 , International business enterprises -- Management , International business enterprises -- Personnel management , Employment in foreign countries
- Description: The objective of this study is to investigate the reasons for international assignments ending in failure, using the current models of expatriates’ premature withdrawal decisions, so as develop solutions to those problems. Studies of expatriate failure and effects of expatriate satisfaction on organisational performance have been conducted but most of them in the overseas countries. These studies revealed that the practice of employing expatriates is a strategic move on the part of the multinational corporation to increase the international experience and knowledge base of present and future managers. Even though studies on strategies that companies can use have been done extensively, research still shows that a large number of overseas assignments end in failure. Failure being described as the premature return to the home country, not being able to adjust in the host company or country and immediately living the company upon return from the assignment. It is for this reason that in the researcher decided to investigate what could be the reasons that cause the expatriates to return home early. The research will be of importance to South Africa firstly, as organisations that are operating globally will copy the business systems and processes practiced in developed countries, and later bring knowledge, skills and expertise that will help in boosting the economy of the country. Secondly, the organisation's Human Resource Management will develop practices to ensure the successful and effective retention of expertise. Expatriate failure will be reduced and the process of repatriating expatriates will be meaningful. Individuals assigned will not find it difficult to adjust in the parent company, and later take the skills they have learnt to another company. Thirdly, managers generally will understand the challenges that accompany expatriation, and be able to meet those challenges. The research becomes an investigative research as one tries to establish if there is concurrence or deviation with the current models. A sample is drawn from a list of international companies that have operations overseas. The researcher has tried to get responses from companies in all provinces of South Africa so that the sample can be fully representative. The questionnaire is used as it is a common instrument for observing data beyond the physical reach of the researcher. The questions were selected to address each of the factors affecting decisions to withdraw from the country of assignment. Responses from the expatriates have helped to develop a new model that encompasses all the factors that cause the expatriates to leave the assignment early as well to develop solutions to the problems. This will not only help the multinational corporations to save on costs, but will also ensure that the company and the expatriate benefit from international assignment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Faas, Pamella Misiwe
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: International business enterprises -- Management , International business enterprises -- Personnel management , Employment in foreign countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8548 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/424 , International business enterprises -- Management , International business enterprises -- Personnel management , Employment in foreign countries
- Description: The objective of this study is to investigate the reasons for international assignments ending in failure, using the current models of expatriates’ premature withdrawal decisions, so as develop solutions to those problems. Studies of expatriate failure and effects of expatriate satisfaction on organisational performance have been conducted but most of them in the overseas countries. These studies revealed that the practice of employing expatriates is a strategic move on the part of the multinational corporation to increase the international experience and knowledge base of present and future managers. Even though studies on strategies that companies can use have been done extensively, research still shows that a large number of overseas assignments end in failure. Failure being described as the premature return to the home country, not being able to adjust in the host company or country and immediately living the company upon return from the assignment. It is for this reason that in the researcher decided to investigate what could be the reasons that cause the expatriates to return home early. The research will be of importance to South Africa firstly, as organisations that are operating globally will copy the business systems and processes practiced in developed countries, and later bring knowledge, skills and expertise that will help in boosting the economy of the country. Secondly, the organisation's Human Resource Management will develop practices to ensure the successful and effective retention of expertise. Expatriate failure will be reduced and the process of repatriating expatriates will be meaningful. Individuals assigned will not find it difficult to adjust in the parent company, and later take the skills they have learnt to another company. Thirdly, managers generally will understand the challenges that accompany expatriation, and be able to meet those challenges. The research becomes an investigative research as one tries to establish if there is concurrence or deviation with the current models. A sample is drawn from a list of international companies that have operations overseas. The researcher has tried to get responses from companies in all provinces of South Africa so that the sample can be fully representative. The questionnaire is used as it is a common instrument for observing data beyond the physical reach of the researcher. The questions were selected to address each of the factors affecting decisions to withdraw from the country of assignment. Responses from the expatriates have helped to develop a new model that encompasses all the factors that cause the expatriates to leave the assignment early as well to develop solutions to the problems. This will not only help the multinational corporations to save on costs, but will also ensure that the company and the expatriate benefit from international assignment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A model for information security management and regulatory compliance in the South African health sector
- Authors: Tuyikeze, Tite
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Computer networks -- Security measures , Public health -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9740 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/425 , Computer networks -- Security measures , Public health -- South Africa
- Description: Information Security is becoming a part of the core business processes in every organization. Companies are faced with contradictory requirements to ensure open systems and accessible information while maintaining high protection standards. In addition, the contemporary management of Information Security requires a variety of approaches in different areas, ranging from technological to organizational issues and legislation. These approaches are often isolated while Security Management requires an integrated approach. Information Technology promises many benefits to healthcare organizations. It helps to make accurate information more readily available to healthcare providers and workers, researchers and patients and advanced computing and communication technology can improve the quality and lower the costs of healthcare. However, the prospect of storing health information in an electronic form raises concerns about patient privacy and security. Healthcare organizations are required to establish formal Information Security program, for example through the adoption of the ISO 17799 standard, to ensure an appropriate and consistent level of information security for computer-based patient records, both within individual healthcare organizations and throughout the entire healthcare delivery system. However, proper Information Security Management practices, alone, do not necessarily ensure regulatory compliance. South African healthcare organizations must comply with the South African National Health Act (SANHA) and the Electronic Communication Transaction Act (ECTA). It is necessary to consider compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) to meet healthcare international industry standards. The main purpose of this project is to propose a compliance strategy, which ensures full compliance with regulatory requirements and at the same time assures customers that international industry standards are being used. This is preceded by a comparative analysis of the requirements posed by the ISO 17799 standard and the HIPAA, SANHA and ECTA regulations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Tuyikeze, Tite
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Computer networks -- Security measures , Public health -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9740 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/425 , Computer networks -- Security measures , Public health -- South Africa
- Description: Information Security is becoming a part of the core business processes in every organization. Companies are faced with contradictory requirements to ensure open systems and accessible information while maintaining high protection standards. In addition, the contemporary management of Information Security requires a variety of approaches in different areas, ranging from technological to organizational issues and legislation. These approaches are often isolated while Security Management requires an integrated approach. Information Technology promises many benefits to healthcare organizations. It helps to make accurate information more readily available to healthcare providers and workers, researchers and patients and advanced computing and communication technology can improve the quality and lower the costs of healthcare. However, the prospect of storing health information in an electronic form raises concerns about patient privacy and security. Healthcare organizations are required to establish formal Information Security program, for example through the adoption of the ISO 17799 standard, to ensure an appropriate and consistent level of information security for computer-based patient records, both within individual healthcare organizations and throughout the entire healthcare delivery system. However, proper Information Security Management practices, alone, do not necessarily ensure regulatory compliance. South African healthcare organizations must comply with the South African National Health Act (SANHA) and the Electronic Communication Transaction Act (ECTA). It is necessary to consider compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) to meet healthcare international industry standards. The main purpose of this project is to propose a compliance strategy, which ensures full compliance with regulatory requirements and at the same time assures customers that international industry standards are being used. This is preceded by a comparative analysis of the requirements posed by the ISO 17799 standard and the HIPAA, SANHA and ECTA regulations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A model for the efficient strategic management of the port of Ngqura
- Authors: Mokheseng, Mokheseng Johnny
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Strategic planning -- South Africa , Harbors -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Port Ngqura (Port Elizabeth, South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8546 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/417 , Strategic planning -- South Africa , Harbors -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Port Ngqura (Port Elizabeth, South Africa)
- Description: Ports are the backbone of the economy of countries endowed with shorelines and they spearhead foreign trade through the importation and exportation of goods to and from their domestic markets. The newly constructed Port of Ngqura will be the outlet for exports of semi-finished and finished goods produced in the Coega IDZ and will also receive raw material to be processed. Its position at the center of the world’s main trade routes, equidistant from American, European and the Pacific Rim regions makes the Coega IDZ the ideal location for any manufacturer adding value to raw materials, components and producing goods bound for the world markets. Traditionally the ports have been developed and operated by the government enterprises. Recently all these are changing in many countries all over the world, with more private participation in the development and operations of the ports. This evolution has entrusted Port Authorities in taking control over port planning, broad regulation of shipping and port operations, applying conventions, laws and rules. South Africa is no exception to these winds of change, hence the adoption of the new port bill in managing all ports in the country. The Port of Ngqura will then serve as a benchmark for all other ports, with a new management structure which will help the port to be efficient. The study addresses the model for the efficient strategic management of the Port of Ngqura. The model looks into placing the Port of Ngqura ahead of its competitors through efficiency in port management and operations. Efficient ports are catalysts, facilitators and attractors of international sea borne trade. Competitive efficiency is achieved by employing the best suited port equipments, facilities and technology to cater for customer’s needs and requirements. A successful port must be able to constantly adopt new roles in order to cope with the ever changing market environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Mokheseng, Mokheseng Johnny
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Strategic planning -- South Africa , Harbors -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Port Ngqura (Port Elizabeth, South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8546 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/417 , Strategic planning -- South Africa , Harbors -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Port Ngqura (Port Elizabeth, South Africa)
- Description: Ports are the backbone of the economy of countries endowed with shorelines and they spearhead foreign trade through the importation and exportation of goods to and from their domestic markets. The newly constructed Port of Ngqura will be the outlet for exports of semi-finished and finished goods produced in the Coega IDZ and will also receive raw material to be processed. Its position at the center of the world’s main trade routes, equidistant from American, European and the Pacific Rim regions makes the Coega IDZ the ideal location for any manufacturer adding value to raw materials, components and producing goods bound for the world markets. Traditionally the ports have been developed and operated by the government enterprises. Recently all these are changing in many countries all over the world, with more private participation in the development and operations of the ports. This evolution has entrusted Port Authorities in taking control over port planning, broad regulation of shipping and port operations, applying conventions, laws and rules. South Africa is no exception to these winds of change, hence the adoption of the new port bill in managing all ports in the country. The Port of Ngqura will then serve as a benchmark for all other ports, with a new management structure which will help the port to be efficient. The study addresses the model for the efficient strategic management of the Port of Ngqura. The model looks into placing the Port of Ngqura ahead of its competitors through efficiency in port management and operations. Efficient ports are catalysts, facilitators and attractors of international sea borne trade. Competitive efficiency is achieved by employing the best suited port equipments, facilities and technology to cater for customer’s needs and requirements. A successful port must be able to constantly adopt new roles in order to cope with the ever changing market environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A model for the implementation of the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system at municipalities in the Eden, Overberg, and central Karoo region
- Authors: Van Rooyen, André
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Job evaluation , Municipal government -- South Africa , Municipal government -- South Africa -- Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9269 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/178 , Job evaluation , Municipal government -- South Africa , Municipal government -- South Africa -- Personnel management
- Description: The analysis of jobs and roles is one of the most important techniques in personnel management. It provides the information required to produce job descriptions and person- and learning / training specifications. It is of fundamental importance in organisation and job design, recruitment and selection, performance management, training management development, career management, job evaluation and the design of pay structures. These constitute most of the key processes of personnel management. In terms of the Local Government: Municipal System Act, a municipal manager, within a policy framework determined by the municipal council and subject to any applicable legislation, must - • approve a staff establishment for the municipality ; • provide a job description for each post on the staff establishment ; • attach to those posts the remuneration and other conditions of service, as may be determined in accordance with any applicable labour legislation ; and • establish a process or mechanism to regularly evaluate the staff establishment and, if necessary, review the staff establishment and the remuneration and conditions of service. The overall purpose of the research was to develop a model for the implementation of the Tuned Assessment of Skills and Knowledge (T.A.S.K.) job evaluation system at municipalities, in the Eden/Overberg/Central Karoo region. The research methodology comprised of the following steps: • a literature study on job evaluation and a discussion of the different job evaluation systems with special reference to the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system ; • the development of a model for the implementation of the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system in the Eden/Overberg/Central Karoo region ; and • the empirical data required to achieve the research objective which was obtained by means of postal and electronic questionnaires to employees of the various municipalities in the geographical area that will be covered by this research. The following recommendations are made regarding the data obtained from this study: Firstly, briefing sessions at municipalities must include employees of all levels and the following methods must also be added to the process - • Insert articles in the in-house newsletter ; and • Attach a memorandum to employees’ pay advice, informing them about the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system and later on about the progress of the process. Secondly, all disputes regarding placement must be resolved before employees are allowed to draw up their relevant job descriptions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Van Rooyen, André
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Job evaluation , Municipal government -- South Africa , Municipal government -- South Africa -- Personnel management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9269 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/178 , Job evaluation , Municipal government -- South Africa , Municipal government -- South Africa -- Personnel management
- Description: The analysis of jobs and roles is one of the most important techniques in personnel management. It provides the information required to produce job descriptions and person- and learning / training specifications. It is of fundamental importance in organisation and job design, recruitment and selection, performance management, training management development, career management, job evaluation and the design of pay structures. These constitute most of the key processes of personnel management. In terms of the Local Government: Municipal System Act, a municipal manager, within a policy framework determined by the municipal council and subject to any applicable legislation, must - • approve a staff establishment for the municipality ; • provide a job description for each post on the staff establishment ; • attach to those posts the remuneration and other conditions of service, as may be determined in accordance with any applicable labour legislation ; and • establish a process or mechanism to regularly evaluate the staff establishment and, if necessary, review the staff establishment and the remuneration and conditions of service. The overall purpose of the research was to develop a model for the implementation of the Tuned Assessment of Skills and Knowledge (T.A.S.K.) job evaluation system at municipalities, in the Eden/Overberg/Central Karoo region. The research methodology comprised of the following steps: • a literature study on job evaluation and a discussion of the different job evaluation systems with special reference to the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system ; • the development of a model for the implementation of the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system in the Eden/Overberg/Central Karoo region ; and • the empirical data required to achieve the research objective which was obtained by means of postal and electronic questionnaires to employees of the various municipalities in the geographical area that will be covered by this research. The following recommendations are made regarding the data obtained from this study: Firstly, briefing sessions at municipalities must include employees of all levels and the following methods must also be added to the process - • Insert articles in the in-house newsletter ; and • Attach a memorandum to employees’ pay advice, informing them about the T.A.S.K. job evaluation system and later on about the progress of the process. Secondly, all disputes regarding placement must be resolved before employees are allowed to draw up their relevant job descriptions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A pre- and post-test study on the knowledge of grade 6 to 9 learners on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections
- Authors: Kuret, Teresa
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Study and reaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9853 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/389 , AIDS (Disease) -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Study and reaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Description: In 1981, a number of reports of death from immune system failure began to cause alarm in medical circles. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was identified as the cause of a condition known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS, and as a result it is perceived as the deadliest medical condition of the century. While intensive research remains focused on development of a vaccine, there has been a strong move toward a more preventative approach that is holistic in nature, and encompasses behavioural and social components as being of equal importance. Going hand in hand with HIV/AIDS are Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). STIs are increasing around the world and in South Africa at a remarkable rate. Like HIV/AIDS, STIs are also transmitted during sex, more specifically through body contact during sex. Research has identified adolescents as a group that is particularly vulnerable to HIV and STI infection. Life-skills programmes use experiential learning to engage learners and are particularly popular because they empower individuals to make responsible, well thought out decisions based on well developed values and beliefs. There are however, various variables and agents that impact upon the success of HIV/AIDS and STI education. It is therefore suitable to adopt a biopsychosocial approach to underlie a HIV/AIDS and STI life-skills programme. Health models, such as the AIDS Risk Reduction Model, based on this approach should take into consideration important psychological variables to cope with changes in behaviour, as well as prepatory behaviours inclined towards preventing risky behaviour. The Ubuntu Education Fund is a non-government, international organisation that offered a life skills programme in HIV/AIDS, STIs, Rape and Child Abuse to learners in Grades 6 - 9. This study focused on HIV/AIDS and STIs. The sample size was 260 learners from the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Region. A quasiexperimental one group pre-and post-test design was used to determine if there was a difference between the knowledge of these learners pre- and post- the life skills programme. The results of the study indicate that there was a small increase in knowledge after the life-skills programme intervention. In some schools there was even a decrease in knowledge. This study suggests that the life-skills programme was flawed and that it needs to be reviewed. The implications of these findings are discussed with suggestions for future interventions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Kuret, Teresa
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Study and reaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9853 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/389 , AIDS (Disease) -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Study and reaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Description: In 1981, a number of reports of death from immune system failure began to cause alarm in medical circles. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was identified as the cause of a condition known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). To date, there is no cure for AIDS, and as a result it is perceived as the deadliest medical condition of the century. While intensive research remains focused on development of a vaccine, there has been a strong move toward a more preventative approach that is holistic in nature, and encompasses behavioural and social components as being of equal importance. Going hand in hand with HIV/AIDS are Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). STIs are increasing around the world and in South Africa at a remarkable rate. Like HIV/AIDS, STIs are also transmitted during sex, more specifically through body contact during sex. Research has identified adolescents as a group that is particularly vulnerable to HIV and STI infection. Life-skills programmes use experiential learning to engage learners and are particularly popular because they empower individuals to make responsible, well thought out decisions based on well developed values and beliefs. There are however, various variables and agents that impact upon the success of HIV/AIDS and STI education. It is therefore suitable to adopt a biopsychosocial approach to underlie a HIV/AIDS and STI life-skills programme. Health models, such as the AIDS Risk Reduction Model, based on this approach should take into consideration important psychological variables to cope with changes in behaviour, as well as prepatory behaviours inclined towards preventing risky behaviour. The Ubuntu Education Fund is a non-government, international organisation that offered a life skills programme in HIV/AIDS, STIs, Rape and Child Abuse to learners in Grades 6 - 9. This study focused on HIV/AIDS and STIs. The sample size was 260 learners from the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Region. A quasiexperimental one group pre-and post-test design was used to determine if there was a difference between the knowledge of these learners pre- and post- the life skills programme. The results of the study indicate that there was a small increase in knowledge after the life-skills programme intervention. In some schools there was even a decrease in knowledge. This study suggests that the life-skills programme was flawed and that it needs to be reviewed. The implications of these findings are discussed with suggestions for future interventions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A SOAP-based Model for secure messaging in a global context
- Authors: Van Eeden, Johannes Jurie
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Telecommunication systems -- Security measures
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9777 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/817 , Telecommunication systems -- Security measures
- Description: For integration between application-systems in a global context, interoperability needs to be established on a global level; global interoperability, in turn, is based on a global common application-interface. This is achieved through resolving differences in, inter alia, protocol profiles, among participants in the global network. ebXML is used as the point of departure. A messaging framework, which is based on existing Web technology and standards, is proposed. Certain security and Web service standards are examined to determine specific parameters for an interoperable secure messaging environment. A security based framework comprising a predefined message format and architecture is investigated for a secure interoperable global electronic marketspace.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Van Eeden, Johannes Jurie
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Telecommunication systems -- Security measures
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9777 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/817 , Telecommunication systems -- Security measures
- Description: For integration between application-systems in a global context, interoperability needs to be established on a global level; global interoperability, in turn, is based on a global common application-interface. This is achieved through resolving differences in, inter alia, protocol profiles, among participants in the global network. ebXML is used as the point of departure. A messaging framework, which is based on existing Web technology and standards, is proposed. Certain security and Web service standards are examined to determine specific parameters for an interoperable secure messaging environment. A security based framework comprising a predefined message format and architecture is investigated for a secure interoperable global electronic marketspace.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A study of the barriers to career progress of women in an organisation
- Authors: Pillay, Sadeshini Shunmugan
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Glass ceiling (Employment discrimination) -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women -- South Africa , Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa , Women employees -- Promotions -- South Africa , Sex role in the work environment -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8731 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/822 , Glass ceiling (Employment discrimination) -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women -- South Africa , Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa , Women employees -- Promotions -- South Africa , Sex role in the work environment -- South Africa
- Description: Due to the continual constant battle women have to face in order to progress in the workplace, it has become necessary to assess the degree of transformational change within the workplace within South Africa to try to establish just what these barriers are and how it can be overcome. To examine the main problem, three sub-problems were identified. The first sub-problem that had been identified dealt with what the women’s rights in the new South Africa. It was investigated by evaluating the situation in the New South Africa and what has changed from the past. Is there more gender equality or not. The second sub-problem looked at the barriers that women face in the workplace. It is evident that sexual harassment, male chauvinism, trying to balance work and family as well as organisational structure and culture were among the top barriers that are a hindrance to women’s advancement in the workplace. Finally, the third sub-problem investigated what the glass ceiling effect is and the effect that this has on women in the workplace. The investigation evaluated, and emphasised the difficulties that women face in order to progress in the hierarchy of not only management but other occupations as well. Results have shown that most females and males believe that the glass ceiling is prevalent in the workplace. Most people believe that women can however break through the glass ceiling but now there is a new phenomenon, “The Glass Cliff” which allows women to break through the glass ceiling but only of organisations that are already in trouble.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Pillay, Sadeshini Shunmugan
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Glass ceiling (Employment discrimination) -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women -- South Africa , Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa , Women employees -- Promotions -- South Africa , Sex role in the work environment -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8731 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/822 , Glass ceiling (Employment discrimination) -- South Africa , Sex discrimination against women -- South Africa , Sex discrimination in employment -- South Africa , Women employees -- Promotions -- South Africa , Sex role in the work environment -- South Africa
- Description: Due to the continual constant battle women have to face in order to progress in the workplace, it has become necessary to assess the degree of transformational change within the workplace within South Africa to try to establish just what these barriers are and how it can be overcome. To examine the main problem, three sub-problems were identified. The first sub-problem that had been identified dealt with what the women’s rights in the new South Africa. It was investigated by evaluating the situation in the New South Africa and what has changed from the past. Is there more gender equality or not. The second sub-problem looked at the barriers that women face in the workplace. It is evident that sexual harassment, male chauvinism, trying to balance work and family as well as organisational structure and culture were among the top barriers that are a hindrance to women’s advancement in the workplace. Finally, the third sub-problem investigated what the glass ceiling effect is and the effect that this has on women in the workplace. The investigation evaluated, and emphasised the difficulties that women face in order to progress in the hierarchy of not only management but other occupations as well. Results have shown that most females and males believe that the glass ceiling is prevalent in the workplace. Most people believe that women can however break through the glass ceiling but now there is a new phenomenon, “The Glass Cliff” which allows women to break through the glass ceiling but only of organisations that are already in trouble.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A study of the performance of school governing bodies of public schools in the disadvantaged communities of George
- Authors: Cerfonteyn, Moegamat G
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: School boards -- South Africa -- George , School management and organization -- South Africa -- George , Public schools -- South Africa -- George -- Business management , Children with social disabilities -- Education -- South Africa -- George
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9487 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/182 , School boards -- South Africa -- George , School management and organization -- South Africa -- George , Public schools -- South Africa -- George -- Business management , Children with social disabilities -- Education -- South Africa -- George
- Description: After the first democratic elections in 1994, the Department of Education, through amendment of existing legislation and the adoption of new Acts, developed a new legal framework for the administration of education in the country. The effect of the change in education was not limited to the areas of the curriculum and staffing, but included a different approach to how schools will be governed and managed. In its efforts to democratise the country it was the intention of the government, through legislation, to devolve the powers of decisionmaking to the people. This study explored the phenomena that impact on the effective functioning of SGBs. The central phenomena identified were narrowed down to the role of the various stakeholders, their understanding of the functions of an SGB and the factors that hamper effective functioning. Furthermore, an exploration was made into the involvement of members of the SGB in the daily activities of the school. Research into the success of the second round of elections was conducted in 1999 by the Centre for Education Policy Development iv (CEPD). The Ministerial Review Committee on School Governance undertook research into the effectiveness of SGBs and issued a report of the study undertaken in 2004. Both these efforts were initiatives by the state. A phenomenological research approach was adopted for the purpose of the study. The rationale being that the researcher wanted to extract from the respondents their experiences as related during conversations. To lay the foundation for these interviews (conversations), a two-part questionnaire was developed. The first part of the questionnaire prompted the respondents to relate their experiences as members of the SGB. The second part elicited demographic and personal details from the respondents. The results of the study would be advantageous to various role players striving to improve the effectiveness of SGBs. The role players include all those involved at school level, the officials from the Education Management and Development Centre (EMDC), members of community-based and non-governmental organizations. The report would serve as a guideline for those individuals who are charged with the training and empowerment of SGBs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Cerfonteyn, Moegamat G
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: School boards -- South Africa -- George , School management and organization -- South Africa -- George , Public schools -- South Africa -- George -- Business management , Children with social disabilities -- Education -- South Africa -- George
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9487 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/182 , School boards -- South Africa -- George , School management and organization -- South Africa -- George , Public schools -- South Africa -- George -- Business management , Children with social disabilities -- Education -- South Africa -- George
- Description: After the first democratic elections in 1994, the Department of Education, through amendment of existing legislation and the adoption of new Acts, developed a new legal framework for the administration of education in the country. The effect of the change in education was not limited to the areas of the curriculum and staffing, but included a different approach to how schools will be governed and managed. In its efforts to democratise the country it was the intention of the government, through legislation, to devolve the powers of decisionmaking to the people. This study explored the phenomena that impact on the effective functioning of SGBs. The central phenomena identified were narrowed down to the role of the various stakeholders, their understanding of the functions of an SGB and the factors that hamper effective functioning. Furthermore, an exploration was made into the involvement of members of the SGB in the daily activities of the school. Research into the success of the second round of elections was conducted in 1999 by the Centre for Education Policy Development iv (CEPD). The Ministerial Review Committee on School Governance undertook research into the effectiveness of SGBs and issued a report of the study undertaken in 2004. Both these efforts were initiatives by the state. A phenomenological research approach was adopted for the purpose of the study. The rationale being that the researcher wanted to extract from the respondents their experiences as related during conversations. To lay the foundation for these interviews (conversations), a two-part questionnaire was developed. The first part of the questionnaire prompted the respondents to relate their experiences as members of the SGB. The second part elicited demographic and personal details from the respondents. The results of the study would be advantageous to various role players striving to improve the effectiveness of SGBs. The role players include all those involved at school level, the officials from the Education Management and Development Centre (EMDC), members of community-based and non-governmental organizations. The report would serve as a guideline for those individuals who are charged with the training and empowerment of SGBs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A study of the use of value based management (VBM) by multinational entities in the Eastern Cape motor industry cluster (ECMIC)
- Authors: Blouw, Mbuyiselo Edwin
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Corporations -- Valuation , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8550 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/421 , Corporations -- Valuation , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa
- Description: Management’s response to shareholders’ return on investment as a priority occurs in an increasingly dynamic environment. Accompanying these activities is the need to realign responsibilities and to allocate scarce resources effectively. This is done in order to ensure that companies achieve global competitiveness and increase shareholders’ return on investment. Against this backdrop, local industry needs to find new methods or strategies in order to achieve world-class competitiveness, and to be able to access foreign investment. One way to achieve these goals is through Value Based Management (VBM). The objective of this study is to evaluate the strategic intent of Multinational Entities in applying VBM to increase shareholders’ return on investment. Based on the study, certain factors are critical to ensure the success of VBM. A postal survey to managers in the motor manufacturing and component manufacturing companies was conducted to check the managers’ familiarity with VBM, and their scope, and usage of VBM; and, based on the finding, to evaluate the impact of VBM on companies’ results. The empirical finding was compared with a literature review, and the following findings were made: There is a strong understanding and application of the VBM principle on the part of local entities with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI); Departmental performance is critical to an entity’s overall performance; Based on the study, 23 per cent of the respondents use Economic Value Added (EVA) as an internal reporting measure, and an average of 19 per cent use other metrics; A total of 89 per cent of respondents indicated that they strongly agree with the use of incentives for motivation. The above-mentioned points were covered by means of 4-M framework ― that is: Measurement, Management, Motivation, and Mindset.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Blouw, Mbuyiselo Edwin
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Corporations -- Valuation , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8550 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/421 , Corporations -- Valuation , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa
- Description: Management’s response to shareholders’ return on investment as a priority occurs in an increasingly dynamic environment. Accompanying these activities is the need to realign responsibilities and to allocate scarce resources effectively. This is done in order to ensure that companies achieve global competitiveness and increase shareholders’ return on investment. Against this backdrop, local industry needs to find new methods or strategies in order to achieve world-class competitiveness, and to be able to access foreign investment. One way to achieve these goals is through Value Based Management (VBM). The objective of this study is to evaluate the strategic intent of Multinational Entities in applying VBM to increase shareholders’ return on investment. Based on the study, certain factors are critical to ensure the success of VBM. A postal survey to managers in the motor manufacturing and component manufacturing companies was conducted to check the managers’ familiarity with VBM, and their scope, and usage of VBM; and, based on the finding, to evaluate the impact of VBM on companies’ results. The empirical finding was compared with a literature review, and the following findings were made: There is a strong understanding and application of the VBM principle on the part of local entities with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI); Departmental performance is critical to an entity’s overall performance; Based on the study, 23 per cent of the respondents use Economic Value Added (EVA) as an internal reporting measure, and an average of 19 per cent use other metrics; A total of 89 per cent of respondents indicated that they strongly agree with the use of incentives for motivation. The above-mentioned points were covered by means of 4-M framework ― that is: Measurement, Management, Motivation, and Mindset.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
A study towards the implementation of a fire service operational structure in the Eden District Municipality area
- Authors: Van Rooyen, Zanda
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Fire departments -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Eden District Municipality (Western Cape, South Africa) , Fire prevention -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Fire stations -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8597 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/408 , Fire departments -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Eden District Municipality (Western Cape, South Africa) , Fire prevention -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Fire stations -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Description: The Eden District Municipality (EDM) is a local authority whose area of responsibility covers the Garden Route and also includes the Klein Karoo. The boundaries are from Storms River in the east, to Swellendam in the west and the Swartberg Mountains in the north. The EDM covers a very big area with seven big municipalities to consider and work with. Five of the municipalities, Langeberg, Mossel Bay, Knysna, George and Oudtshoorn have their own fire fighting services. The EDM fire fighting serves mainly the rural area. This is very costly due to the large distance required to travel to a fire, whereas the local municipalities are operating in their own towns. The new municipal boundaries include the rural areas, but the municipalities cannot service the rural areas because they do not as yet charge rates in the rural areas and therefore there is no revenue for the fire fighting service. They operate on the basis of verbal working agreements that make coordination of fire fighting very difficult. The fire fighting functions of the EDM as a category C municipality and the local municipalities as category B municipalities have been specified in the Municipal Structure Act. The allocation (division) of functions and powers relating to fire fighting service between the district municipality and local municipalities as determined by the Municipal Structure Act (Act 117 of 1998) has not been done. Due to the lack of invested capital, the resources are in a bad state. Some of the services have no capacity to attend to chemical fires or hazardous substance emergencies. Internationally, private fire fighting services can be contracted by government departments. These private fire fighting services are very large and the areas that they serve are extensive. These services have their own personnel structures functioning in an organisational structure that serves them well. These private services are very cost-effective and can therefore offer reasonable rates. Based on an investigation of various fire fighting services and different structures, the proposed structure for fire fighting in the EDM area will be a combination of structures. The diverse nature of the area will make the location of a sectoral structure and extension of its capacity difficult, and several factors that will impact on an new structure must be kept in mind. If all works well it will be relatively easy to achieve the five operations performance objectives envisaged for restructuring namely quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Van Rooyen, Zanda
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Fire departments -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Eden District Municipality (Western Cape, South Africa) , Fire prevention -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Fire stations -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8597 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/408 , Fire departments -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Eden District Municipality (Western Cape, South Africa) , Fire prevention -- South Africa -- Western Cape , Fire stations -- South Africa -- Western Cape
- Description: The Eden District Municipality (EDM) is a local authority whose area of responsibility covers the Garden Route and also includes the Klein Karoo. The boundaries are from Storms River in the east, to Swellendam in the west and the Swartberg Mountains in the north. The EDM covers a very big area with seven big municipalities to consider and work with. Five of the municipalities, Langeberg, Mossel Bay, Knysna, George and Oudtshoorn have their own fire fighting services. The EDM fire fighting serves mainly the rural area. This is very costly due to the large distance required to travel to a fire, whereas the local municipalities are operating in their own towns. The new municipal boundaries include the rural areas, but the municipalities cannot service the rural areas because they do not as yet charge rates in the rural areas and therefore there is no revenue for the fire fighting service. They operate on the basis of verbal working agreements that make coordination of fire fighting very difficult. The fire fighting functions of the EDM as a category C municipality and the local municipalities as category B municipalities have been specified in the Municipal Structure Act. The allocation (division) of functions and powers relating to fire fighting service between the district municipality and local municipalities as determined by the Municipal Structure Act (Act 117 of 1998) has not been done. Due to the lack of invested capital, the resources are in a bad state. Some of the services have no capacity to attend to chemical fires or hazardous substance emergencies. Internationally, private fire fighting services can be contracted by government departments. These private fire fighting services are very large and the areas that they serve are extensive. These services have their own personnel structures functioning in an organisational structure that serves them well. These private services are very cost-effective and can therefore offer reasonable rates. Based on an investigation of various fire fighting services and different structures, the proposed structure for fire fighting in the EDM area will be a combination of structures. The diverse nature of the area will make the location of a sectoral structure and extension of its capacity difficult, and several factors that will impact on an new structure must be kept in mind. If all works well it will be relatively easy to achieve the five operations performance objectives envisaged for restructuring namely quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An analysis of key factors responsible for and influencing the rate of employee absenteeism in the construction sector with specific reference to the Ngqura Harbour project
- Authors: Koen-Müller, Magdel
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9263 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/152 , Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Description: Absenteeism places huge financial burdens on organisations and has a detrimental effect on productivity. Aware of the direct and indirect costs associated with absenteeism, management must determine what factors are responsible for the absenteeism and how these factors can be rectified in order to reduce the rate of employee absenteeism in the organisation. The study’s main aims were firstly to determine which key factors are responsible for employees being absent from work and secondly, how they can be rectified in order to reduce absenteeism. From the data that was obtained from the literature study stress, substance abuse, lack of job commitment and organisational factors account for some reasons given for absenteeism. Employee absenteeism may also be partly due to not enough emphasis being placed on career development, staff retention and salaries. Other causes of absenteeism include personal responsibilities, lack of motivation and low morale in the workplace. Only recently have managers become aware of the true impact which alcohol and substance abuse have on organisations. More productivity is lost through on-the-job absenteeism than due to any other single factor. On-the-job absenteeism is difficult to define and very difficult to identify. Such absenteeism includes the presence of employees at work while they are sick but incapable of performing to their true capabilities – this often occurring on Mondays or Fridays or the day after payday. With current staff retention programs, mergers and joint ventures, organisations now demand the same level of production with fewer employees. This has given rise to an increase in the level of stress employees experience, which led to stress becoming a key factor responsible for absenteeism. When managing absenteeism the implementation of a proper measurement system is essential. This will enable the company to determine the extent of their absenteeism. An evaluation and comparison of these statistics over a period of time will also shed light on the nature of the absenteeism. These will result in the proactive handling of a company’s absenteeism. This is also the first step away from the acceptance of absenteeism and subsequently the nurturing of an absence culture. Employers can take a number of steps to reduce absenteeism, such as giving responsibility for absence management to senior or human resource managers rather than line managers, introducing return to work interviews, introducing discipline procedures and others. The great majority of absence management solutions completely overlook organisational factors, instead focusing on individual, claim processing and health-related factors in the quest to reduce lost productive days. Absence management programs should focus on organisational (not individual) drivers of absence to encourage a present and committed workforce. Absenteeism will never be eradicated, but through careful management organisations can reduce the absentee rate and the effect it has on the organization.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Koen-Müller, Magdel
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9263 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/152 , Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Description: Absenteeism places huge financial burdens on organisations and has a detrimental effect on productivity. Aware of the direct and indirect costs associated with absenteeism, management must determine what factors are responsible for the absenteeism and how these factors can be rectified in order to reduce the rate of employee absenteeism in the organisation. The study’s main aims were firstly to determine which key factors are responsible for employees being absent from work and secondly, how they can be rectified in order to reduce absenteeism. From the data that was obtained from the literature study stress, substance abuse, lack of job commitment and organisational factors account for some reasons given for absenteeism. Employee absenteeism may also be partly due to not enough emphasis being placed on career development, staff retention and salaries. Other causes of absenteeism include personal responsibilities, lack of motivation and low morale in the workplace. Only recently have managers become aware of the true impact which alcohol and substance abuse have on organisations. More productivity is lost through on-the-job absenteeism than due to any other single factor. On-the-job absenteeism is difficult to define and very difficult to identify. Such absenteeism includes the presence of employees at work while they are sick but incapable of performing to their true capabilities – this often occurring on Mondays or Fridays or the day after payday. With current staff retention programs, mergers and joint ventures, organisations now demand the same level of production with fewer employees. This has given rise to an increase in the level of stress employees experience, which led to stress becoming a key factor responsible for absenteeism. When managing absenteeism the implementation of a proper measurement system is essential. This will enable the company to determine the extent of their absenteeism. An evaluation and comparison of these statistics over a period of time will also shed light on the nature of the absenteeism. These will result in the proactive handling of a company’s absenteeism. This is also the first step away from the acceptance of absenteeism and subsequently the nurturing of an absence culture. Employers can take a number of steps to reduce absenteeism, such as giving responsibility for absence management to senior or human resource managers rather than line managers, introducing return to work interviews, introducing discipline procedures and others. The great majority of absence management solutions completely overlook organisational factors, instead focusing on individual, claim processing and health-related factors in the quest to reduce lost productive days. Absence management programs should focus on organisational (not individual) drivers of absence to encourage a present and committed workforce. Absenteeism will never be eradicated, but through careful management organisations can reduce the absentee rate and the effect it has on the organization.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An assessment of strategies used to retain nurses in selected hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipal area
- Authors: Zweni, Sisilo Sylvia
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Employee retention -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Nurses -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Labor turnover -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9260 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/147 , Employee retention -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Nurses -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Labor turnover -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole
- Description: The harsh realities currently facing public hospitals such as budget cuts, understaffing and poor working conditions, have resulted in nurses experiencing low morale and finding it increasingly difficult to stay in the public health sector. The obvious targeting of South African nurses by recruitment agencies with job offers to work overseas is causing a massive skills’ drain that the country cannot afford. The situation is further compounded by the fact that the government is freezing posts of those nurses who have resigned. Consequently, nurses who are currently working in these hospitals have to cope with unreasonable workloads. Public hospitals are nowadays faced with the challenge of delivering quality health care within the constraints of gross staff shortages, and an increasingly competitive global health environment. The main objective of this study was to identify strategies that can be implemented by hospitals in order to reduce turnover, thereby enhancing retention of staff. Interviews were conducted with the matrons-in-charge of the hospitals under study to investigate strategies that are in place to improve retention. Secondary data regarding staff turnover in the hospitals under study was collected and analysed. It emerged that there are no concrete strategies in place to lower turnover. Hospitals are indeed experiencing staff turnover and posts that were vacated by those nurses that have resigned are frozen. The literature survey revealed three strategies that can be utilised to retain employees, namely, motivation strategies, effective leadership strategies and human resources strategies. Based on various literature reviews, it was concluded that the three strategies are interrelated. The empirical survey was conducted at the three selected hospitals, to determine the extent to which the retention strategies identified in the literature survey are being utilised. All three are invariably used in the hospitals. It is evident that the leadership behaviour in these hospitals affects the level of motivation of employees. The extent to which some of the human resources strategies are utilised invariably leads to low morale and dissatisfaction among employees. Lastly, research findings were assessed with the aim of drawing conclusions so that appropriate recommendations could be made. Recommendations focused on the retention strategies that can be implemented to boost morale of employees and enhance retention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Zweni, Sisilo Sylvia
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Employee retention -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Nurses -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Labor turnover -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9260 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/147 , Employee retention -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Nurses -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Labor turnover -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole
- Description: The harsh realities currently facing public hospitals such as budget cuts, understaffing and poor working conditions, have resulted in nurses experiencing low morale and finding it increasingly difficult to stay in the public health sector. The obvious targeting of South African nurses by recruitment agencies with job offers to work overseas is causing a massive skills’ drain that the country cannot afford. The situation is further compounded by the fact that the government is freezing posts of those nurses who have resigned. Consequently, nurses who are currently working in these hospitals have to cope with unreasonable workloads. Public hospitals are nowadays faced with the challenge of delivering quality health care within the constraints of gross staff shortages, and an increasingly competitive global health environment. The main objective of this study was to identify strategies that can be implemented by hospitals in order to reduce turnover, thereby enhancing retention of staff. Interviews were conducted with the matrons-in-charge of the hospitals under study to investigate strategies that are in place to improve retention. Secondary data regarding staff turnover in the hospitals under study was collected and analysed. It emerged that there are no concrete strategies in place to lower turnover. Hospitals are indeed experiencing staff turnover and posts that were vacated by those nurses that have resigned are frozen. The literature survey revealed three strategies that can be utilised to retain employees, namely, motivation strategies, effective leadership strategies and human resources strategies. Based on various literature reviews, it was concluded that the three strategies are interrelated. The empirical survey was conducted at the three selected hospitals, to determine the extent to which the retention strategies identified in the literature survey are being utilised. All three are invariably used in the hospitals. It is evident that the leadership behaviour in these hospitals affects the level of motivation of employees. The extent to which some of the human resources strategies are utilised invariably leads to low morale and dissatisfaction among employees. Lastly, research findings were assessed with the aim of drawing conclusions so that appropriate recommendations could be made. Recommendations focused on the retention strategies that can be implemented to boost morale of employees and enhance retention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An assessment of the recruitment and selection strategies used in the sales department of Old Mutual Group Schemes in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Booi, Solomzi Kaya
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Employees recruiting , Insurance agents -- Recruiting -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Old Mutual (Cape Town, South Africa) Employees , Group insurance
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9261 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/150 , Employees recruiting , Insurance agents -- Recruiting -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Old Mutual (Cape Town, South Africa) Employees , Group insurance
- Description: The aim of this research was to assess the recruitment and selection strategies used in the sales department of Old Mutual Group Schemes (OMGS) in the Eastern Cape. The company hopes to stem the high labour turn over in OMGS. After the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) and Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 (EEA) were promulgated, organisations in this country introduced new recruitment and selection policies. The challenge to most organisations is the implementation of these policies by managers. The requirements of these two legislations create problems for small companies because of the high costs involved especially in the implementation stages. The organisation incurs costs in the development of the new processes and the training of staff. Even after the new processes, labour turnover did not improve in OMGS. Senior management is trying any means possible to rectify the situation. The company policy was examined against the literature available and the recruitment and selection processes of different authors were investigated. The findings indicated that some steps in the recruitment and selection processes were not followed. It was recommended that the organisation use more recruitment sources to broaden the scope of accessing more suitable applicants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Booi, Solomzi Kaya
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Employees recruiting , Insurance agents -- Recruiting -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Old Mutual (Cape Town, South Africa) Employees , Group insurance
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9261 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/150 , Employees recruiting , Insurance agents -- Recruiting -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Old Mutual (Cape Town, South Africa) Employees , Group insurance
- Description: The aim of this research was to assess the recruitment and selection strategies used in the sales department of Old Mutual Group Schemes (OMGS) in the Eastern Cape. The company hopes to stem the high labour turn over in OMGS. After the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) and Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 (EEA) were promulgated, organisations in this country introduced new recruitment and selection policies. The challenge to most organisations is the implementation of these policies by managers. The requirements of these two legislations create problems for small companies because of the high costs involved especially in the implementation stages. The organisation incurs costs in the development of the new processes and the training of staff. Even after the new processes, labour turnover did not improve in OMGS. Senior management is trying any means possible to rectify the situation. The company policy was examined against the literature available and the recruitment and selection processes of different authors were investigated. The findings indicated that some steps in the recruitment and selection processes were not followed. It was recommended that the organisation use more recruitment sources to broaden the scope of accessing more suitable applicants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An assessment of the viability of establishing a hyperbaric oxygen therapy facility in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality area
- Authors: Allie, Dean Gerard
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Hyperbaric oxygenation -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Hyperbaric oxygenation -- Practice
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9262 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/151 , Hyperbaric oxygenation -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Hyperbaric oxygenation -- Practice
- Description: At present, the Eastern Cape is the only province in South Africa lacking a clinical hospital-based hyperbaric facility. East Cape Hyperbaric, to be situated at Greenacres Hospital in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan, will offer the Eastern Cape community access to a world-class facility that will offer their patients Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and a Wound-Healing Facility. The objective of this study was to assess the viability of establishing a Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) facility for the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality (NMMM), using sound business planning principles. A business plan precisely defines the business, identifies the goals, and serves as the firm's resume. A business plan will assist in allocating resources effectively, handle unforeseen complications, and assist in making sound business decisions. Because it provides specific and organized information about the company and how the company will repay borrowed money, a good business plan is a crucial part of business planning. In order to quantify the demand for a Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy facility, a questionnaire was designed, in such a manner as to identify the current demand for a HBOT facility. The questionnaires were distributed to all medical practitioners within the NMMM by means of fax, e-mail and hand-delivery. Research conducted indicates that the results are promising enough to warrant the expedient creation of this business facility.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Allie, Dean Gerard
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Hyperbaric oxygenation -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Hyperbaric oxygenation -- Practice
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:9262 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/151 , Hyperbaric oxygenation -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Metropole , Hyperbaric oxygenation -- Practice
- Description: At present, the Eastern Cape is the only province in South Africa lacking a clinical hospital-based hyperbaric facility. East Cape Hyperbaric, to be situated at Greenacres Hospital in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan, will offer the Eastern Cape community access to a world-class facility that will offer their patients Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and a Wound-Healing Facility. The objective of this study was to assess the viability of establishing a Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) facility for the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality (NMMM), using sound business planning principles. A business plan precisely defines the business, identifies the goals, and serves as the firm's resume. A business plan will assist in allocating resources effectively, handle unforeseen complications, and assist in making sound business decisions. Because it provides specific and organized information about the company and how the company will repay borrowed money, a good business plan is a crucial part of business planning. In order to quantify the demand for a Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy facility, a questionnaire was designed, in such a manner as to identify the current demand for a HBOT facility. The questionnaires were distributed to all medical practitioners within the NMMM by means of fax, e-mail and hand-delivery. Research conducted indicates that the results are promising enough to warrant the expedient creation of this business facility.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An evaluation of Volkswagen of South Africa's graduate training programme to develop a model for achieving programme outcomes
- Authors: Avrabos, Cheryl Lee
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: College graduates -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Volkswagen of South Africa (Firm)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/168 , College graduates -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Volkswagen of South Africa (Firm)
- Description: The purpose of this study was to develop a process model in order to meet outcomes of graduate training programmes, with specific relevance to Volkswagen of South Africa. To do this, VWSA’s Graduate Training Programme was assessed in terms of the approach currently used by VWSA to recruit, select and train graduate trainees. A literature study was conducted to reveal strategies for effectively training new recruits and the development of leadership competencies. Based on this study a model was developed to facilitate the graduate training programme process to achieve programme objectives. The study aimed at making a contribution to graduate training programmes by identifying key leadership competencies, as well as the training interventions which lead to the development of these competencies. It was found that the technical skills that the trainees acquire at their tertiary educational institutions are not sufficient in today’s workplace, thereby necessitating closer working relationships between these institutions and businesses so that needs can be shared, as well as more comprehensive training programmes being provided. The research methodology comprised the following steps: An analysis was made of VWSA’s current processes regarding recruitment, selection and training of their graduate trainees. iv An assessment of leadership competencies in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes that contribute to successful performance was undertaken. Training interventions as a process was studied. An analysis was made as to what extent the existing training interventions for VWSA’s graduate programme achieve the desired programme outcomes by means of a research questionnaire circulated to mentors/coaches and graduate trainees within the organisation. A model was developed to serve as a holistic framework for the recruitment, selection and training of graduate trainees for all motor and related industries undertaking graduate training programmes. The above was achieved through a practical study and a literature study, making use of questionnaires, as well as relevant published, unpublished and electronic texts and studies. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made based on data established through theoretical research and data obtained from the questionnaires.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Avrabos, Cheryl Lee
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: College graduates -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Volkswagen of South Africa (Firm)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:9376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/168 , College graduates -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Volkswagen of South Africa (Firm)
- Description: The purpose of this study was to develop a process model in order to meet outcomes of graduate training programmes, with specific relevance to Volkswagen of South Africa. To do this, VWSA’s Graduate Training Programme was assessed in terms of the approach currently used by VWSA to recruit, select and train graduate trainees. A literature study was conducted to reveal strategies for effectively training new recruits and the development of leadership competencies. Based on this study a model was developed to facilitate the graduate training programme process to achieve programme objectives. The study aimed at making a contribution to graduate training programmes by identifying key leadership competencies, as well as the training interventions which lead to the development of these competencies. It was found that the technical skills that the trainees acquire at their tertiary educational institutions are not sufficient in today’s workplace, thereby necessitating closer working relationships between these institutions and businesses so that needs can be shared, as well as more comprehensive training programmes being provided. The research methodology comprised the following steps: An analysis was made of VWSA’s current processes regarding recruitment, selection and training of their graduate trainees. iv An assessment of leadership competencies in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes that contribute to successful performance was undertaken. Training interventions as a process was studied. An analysis was made as to what extent the existing training interventions for VWSA’s graduate programme achieve the desired programme outcomes by means of a research questionnaire circulated to mentors/coaches and graduate trainees within the organisation. A model was developed to serve as a holistic framework for the recruitment, selection and training of graduate trainees for all motor and related industries undertaking graduate training programmes. The above was achieved through a practical study and a literature study, making use of questionnaires, as well as relevant published, unpublished and electronic texts and studies. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made based on data established through theoretical research and data obtained from the questionnaires.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An investigation into development of a stable aqeous suspension of Metronidazole Benzoate for oral use
- Authors: Zietsman, Sharon Lynne
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Metronidazole -- Testing , Excipients -- South Africa -- Testing , Rheology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10158 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/456 , Metronidazole -- Testing , Excipients -- South Africa -- Testing , Rheology -- South Africa
- Description: Metronidazole is a synthetic, nitroimidazole-derivative antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent (ed. McEvoy, 2001). It has been reported that crystallization occurs in aqueous suspensions of metronidazole benzoate, a bland-tasting prodrug of metronidazole, as a result of conversion from the anhydrous to the monohydrate form, thereby compromising the stability and clinical efficacy of the substance due to the particle size growth (Hoelgaard & Moller, 1983). A generic South African based pharmaceutical company commenced formulation of an aqueous metronidazole benzoate suspension and experienced problems with crystallization that occurred in products stored at 2 to 8 °C. This study aimed to continue development of the product in order to identify a formulation that prevents formation of the hydrate form of metronidazole benzoate and the accompanying crystal growth. A variety of metronidazole benzoate suspensions were manufactured on a laboratory scale using a number of natural and synthetic suspending agents, including magnesium aluminium silicate, povidone K90, xanthan gum and Avicel® RC-591 (microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium), over a range of concentrations. Analytical quantification methods were developed and validated, and the physicochemical properties of the raw material and finished products were fully characterized. Rheological tests were performed in order to characterize the suspension flow properties. Real-time and accelerated stability studies and a temperature cycle study were conducted in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Conversion of metronidazole benzoate to the monohydrate form took place in suspensions containing xanthan gum 0.65 percent m/v under real-time and accelerated storage conditions. The suspensions containing Avicel® RC-591 were found to be physically and chemically stable after the temperature cycle and over the 12-week period whilst stored at 25 ºC / 60 percent RH and 5 ºC. The suspensions were chemically stable whilst stored at 40 ºC / 75 percent RH but showed sedimentation at this accelerated condition. The metronidazole benzoate contained in these products remained in the anhydrous state under all storage conditions and were consequently concluded to be the most stable formulations out of all the products analyzed in the current study. The suspending agent system consisting of microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium thus shows promise in preventing the conversion of metronidazole benzoate from the anhydrate to the monohydrate form, thereby inhibited the subsequent increase in particle size due to crystal growth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Zietsman, Sharon Lynne
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Metronidazole -- Testing , Excipients -- South Africa -- Testing , Rheology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10158 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/456 , Metronidazole -- Testing , Excipients -- South Africa -- Testing , Rheology -- South Africa
- Description: Metronidazole is a synthetic, nitroimidazole-derivative antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent (ed. McEvoy, 2001). It has been reported that crystallization occurs in aqueous suspensions of metronidazole benzoate, a bland-tasting prodrug of metronidazole, as a result of conversion from the anhydrous to the monohydrate form, thereby compromising the stability and clinical efficacy of the substance due to the particle size growth (Hoelgaard & Moller, 1983). A generic South African based pharmaceutical company commenced formulation of an aqueous metronidazole benzoate suspension and experienced problems with crystallization that occurred in products stored at 2 to 8 °C. This study aimed to continue development of the product in order to identify a formulation that prevents formation of the hydrate form of metronidazole benzoate and the accompanying crystal growth. A variety of metronidazole benzoate suspensions were manufactured on a laboratory scale using a number of natural and synthetic suspending agents, including magnesium aluminium silicate, povidone K90, xanthan gum and Avicel® RC-591 (microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium), over a range of concentrations. Analytical quantification methods were developed and validated, and the physicochemical properties of the raw material and finished products were fully characterized. Rheological tests were performed in order to characterize the suspension flow properties. Real-time and accelerated stability studies and a temperature cycle study were conducted in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Conversion of metronidazole benzoate to the monohydrate form took place in suspensions containing xanthan gum 0.65 percent m/v under real-time and accelerated storage conditions. The suspensions containing Avicel® RC-591 were found to be physically and chemically stable after the temperature cycle and over the 12-week period whilst stored at 25 ºC / 60 percent RH and 5 ºC. The suspensions were chemically stable whilst stored at 40 ºC / 75 percent RH but showed sedimentation at this accelerated condition. The metronidazole benzoate contained in these products remained in the anhydrous state under all storage conditions and were consequently concluded to be the most stable formulations out of all the products analyzed in the current study. The suspending agent system consisting of microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium thus shows promise in preventing the conversion of metronidazole benzoate from the anhydrate to the monohydrate form, thereby inhibited the subsequent increase in particle size due to crystal growth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
An investigation into the antibacterial activities of medicinial plants traditionally used in the Eastern Cape to treat secondary skin infections associated with burn wounds
- Authors: Weideman, Liezel
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Materia medica, Vegetable -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Burns and scalds -- Alternative treatment , Skin -- Infections
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/172 , Materia medica, Vegetable -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Burns and scalds -- Alternative treatment , Skin -- Infections
- Description: Traditional medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severity. Although traditional medicine has typically been the health care for the poorest levels of society, there is a worldwide growth in popularity. The growing popularity of traditional medicine, termed the green boom, may be ascribed to people taking a more holistic approach to maintain their health. Traditional medicine is widely used on a regular basis by 70% of South Africans. Various indigenous medicinal plants are used for the preparation of traditional herbal medicine. These plants are mostly indigenous to the regions were it is used. In this study four medicinal plants (Bulbine frutescens, Leonotis leounurus, Melianthus major & Zantedecshia aethiopica) that are traditionally used in the Eastern Cape region for treating burn wound infections, were collected for investigation. The in vitro antibacterial activity of these plants was tested against different bacterial strains of eight different bacteria. The bacteria used in this investigation included bacterial strains of four Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), E. feacalis, S. pyogenes and four Gramnegative bacteria, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis. Traditional preparations as well as three different extracts (methanol, aqueous & acetone) of the plants were used for in vitro antibacterial activity testing. The microtitre plate assay and agar dilution assay were used for determining the antibacterial activity of the traditional preparations and plant extracts against the different bacterial strains. In the microtitre plate assay the antibacterial activity was tested using the bacterial growth indicator, INT and a microtitre plate spectrophotometer to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations of the plant extracts and traditional preparations. The microtitre plate assay was used for testing the antibacterial activity of the plants against the bacterial strains of five bacteria, S. aureus, MRSA, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii and K. pneumoniae. The bacterial strains of the three bacteria, S. pyogenes, E. feacalis and P. mirabilis were not compatible with the microtitre plate assay using INT and spectrophotometric readings to determine bacterial inhibition. Therefore the agar dilution assay were used as an alternative method for determining the MIC’s of the plant extracts against the bacterial strains of these bacteria. The initial plant extract concentration in the microtitre plate assay differed with the different plant extracts in the microtitre plate assay. Acetone followed by methanol extracted the highest plant extract concentrations with the different medicinal plants. M. major followed by L. leonurus produced the highest plant extract concentrations following extraction with the different extraction solvents. Consequently the acetone extract of M. major had the highest plant extract concentration before serial dilution in the microtitre plate assay. Uniform plant extract concentrations were tested in the agar dilution assay. The methanol extract followed by the acetone extract of the plants gave the highest antibacterial activity against the different bacterial strains. The extracts of M. major followed by L. leonurus inhibited the highest number of bacterial strains in the microtitre plate assay and the extracts of B. frutescens inhibited the lowest number of bacterial strains. The acetone and methanol extracts of M. major were the only extracts that displayed antibacterial activity in the agar dilution assay. The bacterial strains of P. mirabilis were the only bacteria that were inhibited using this method. The bacterial strains of S. pyogenes and E. feacalis were not inhibited at any of the plant extract concentrations in the agar dilution assay.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Weideman, Liezel
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Materia medica, Vegetable -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Burns and scalds -- Alternative treatment , Skin -- Infections
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10116 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/172 , Materia medica, Vegetable -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Burns and scalds -- Alternative treatment , Skin -- Infections
- Description: Traditional medicine has a long history of being used for treating various ailments ranging in severity. Although traditional medicine has typically been the health care for the poorest levels of society, there is a worldwide growth in popularity. The growing popularity of traditional medicine, termed the green boom, may be ascribed to people taking a more holistic approach to maintain their health. Traditional medicine is widely used on a regular basis by 70% of South Africans. Various indigenous medicinal plants are used for the preparation of traditional herbal medicine. These plants are mostly indigenous to the regions were it is used. In this study four medicinal plants (Bulbine frutescens, Leonotis leounurus, Melianthus major & Zantedecshia aethiopica) that are traditionally used in the Eastern Cape region for treating burn wound infections, were collected for investigation. The in vitro antibacterial activity of these plants was tested against different bacterial strains of eight different bacteria. The bacteria used in this investigation included bacterial strains of four Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), E. feacalis, S. pyogenes and four Gramnegative bacteria, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis. Traditional preparations as well as three different extracts (methanol, aqueous & acetone) of the plants were used for in vitro antibacterial activity testing. The microtitre plate assay and agar dilution assay were used for determining the antibacterial activity of the traditional preparations and plant extracts against the different bacterial strains. In the microtitre plate assay the antibacterial activity was tested using the bacterial growth indicator, INT and a microtitre plate spectrophotometer to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations of the plant extracts and traditional preparations. The microtitre plate assay was used for testing the antibacterial activity of the plants against the bacterial strains of five bacteria, S. aureus, MRSA, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii and K. pneumoniae. The bacterial strains of the three bacteria, S. pyogenes, E. feacalis and P. mirabilis were not compatible with the microtitre plate assay using INT and spectrophotometric readings to determine bacterial inhibition. Therefore the agar dilution assay were used as an alternative method for determining the MIC’s of the plant extracts against the bacterial strains of these bacteria. The initial plant extract concentration in the microtitre plate assay differed with the different plant extracts in the microtitre plate assay. Acetone followed by methanol extracted the highest plant extract concentrations with the different medicinal plants. M. major followed by L. leonurus produced the highest plant extract concentrations following extraction with the different extraction solvents. Consequently the acetone extract of M. major had the highest plant extract concentration before serial dilution in the microtitre plate assay. Uniform plant extract concentrations were tested in the agar dilution assay. The methanol extract followed by the acetone extract of the plants gave the highest antibacterial activity against the different bacterial strains. The extracts of M. major followed by L. leonurus inhibited the highest number of bacterial strains in the microtitre plate assay and the extracts of B. frutescens inhibited the lowest number of bacterial strains. The acetone and methanol extracts of M. major were the only extracts that displayed antibacterial activity in the agar dilution assay. The bacterial strains of P. mirabilis were the only bacteria that were inhibited using this method. The bacterial strains of S. pyogenes and E. feacalis were not inhibited at any of the plant extract concentrations in the agar dilution assay.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005