Project management deficiencies in construction implemented projects in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mbanga, Abulele Zakhe
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Project management -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Management , Construction workers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64640 , vital:73819
- Description: The problems that crop up in each project are unique to that project. They can also be avoided or minimised as inherent weaknesses. Project managers lack strategic considerations when running projects. This is primarily dependent on individuals’ implementation of project management. The concern is how project managers implementing construction projects can be corrected to remove management deficiencies. In recent years, project management has become an essential part of organisations. This is because of the changing nature of managing organisations due to technological advancement and a complex, competitive global marketplace (Nguyen, Nguyen, Le-Hoai & Dang, 2015). Projects require huge capital outlays. As such, it is crucial to have good project management practices to deliver value for money projects and programmes. Therefore, the importance of good project management practices cannot be ignored by corporate managers, as failure destroys shareholders’ value and, in the private sector, can significantly affect the various stakeholders associated with projects. However, studies indicate that companies in the private sector in the Eastern Cape sometimes fail to complete projects. (Fabian & Amir, 2015). Project management deficiencies in the Eastern Cape are as high as those of other provinces in South Africa, if not higher (Saad, 2022). The primary reasons for project management deficiencies are project planning failure, scope management failure, resource management failure, and communication management failure (Liu, Louw, Ngugi & Smith, 2011). Therefore, using different success and failure criteria, this study aims to measure the impact of project management deficiencies in communication management, project planning, scope change, and resource management. Project management deficiencies in construction projects implemented in recent years have been one of the topics most discussed by academics, practising managers, the private and public sectors, and many social commentators worldwide. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mbanga, Abulele Zakhe
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Project management -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Construction industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Management , Construction workers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64640 , vital:73819
- Description: The problems that crop up in each project are unique to that project. They can also be avoided or minimised as inherent weaknesses. Project managers lack strategic considerations when running projects. This is primarily dependent on individuals’ implementation of project management. The concern is how project managers implementing construction projects can be corrected to remove management deficiencies. In recent years, project management has become an essential part of organisations. This is because of the changing nature of managing organisations due to technological advancement and a complex, competitive global marketplace (Nguyen, Nguyen, Le-Hoai & Dang, 2015). Projects require huge capital outlays. As such, it is crucial to have good project management practices to deliver value for money projects and programmes. Therefore, the importance of good project management practices cannot be ignored by corporate managers, as failure destroys shareholders’ value and, in the private sector, can significantly affect the various stakeholders associated with projects. However, studies indicate that companies in the private sector in the Eastern Cape sometimes fail to complete projects. (Fabian & Amir, 2015). Project management deficiencies in the Eastern Cape are as high as those of other provinces in South Africa, if not higher (Saad, 2022). The primary reasons for project management deficiencies are project planning failure, scope management failure, resource management failure, and communication management failure (Liu, Louw, Ngugi & Smith, 2011). Therefore, using different success and failure criteria, this study aims to measure the impact of project management deficiencies in communication management, project planning, scope change, and resource management. Project management deficiencies in construction projects implemented in recent years have been one of the topics most discussed by academics, practising managers, the private and public sectors, and many social commentators worldwide. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Built Environment and Civil Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Public policy considerations and the enforcement of restraint of trade agreements.
- Authors: Tinyane, Nthabeleng
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Trade agreement , Restraint of trade , Commercial policy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66297 , vital:74493
- Description: A restraint of trade is often incorporated into a contract of employment, stipulating that an employee is restricted from working in the same industry or sector as the employer for a specified period of time. Such a provision is aimed at protecting an employer's proprietary interests, such as trade connections and secrets, which may potentially benefit a competitor unfairly and unlawfully. In South Africa, the principles associated with restraints of trade are rooted in common law. The landmark judgment in Magna Alloys & Research (SA) (Pty) Ltd v Ellis clarified the legal position regarding agreements in restraint of trade in South Africa. Prior to the judgment, there were considerable differences in the approaches adopted by the courts in relation to provisions in restraint. These differences primarily centered around the Roman-Dutch law notion, which holds that contracts voluntarily entered into ought to be honored (pacta sunt servanda), and the English law approach that contracts in restraint of trade are prima facie unenforceable. The court in Magna held that the position in South Africa with regard to agreements in restraint of trade is that each agreement should be examined with regard to its own circumstances to determine whether the enforcement of such an agreement would be contrary to public policy. This means that while restraints of trade are generally enforceable, they must be reasonable and not against the public interest. The reasonableness of the restraint is assessed based on factors such as the duration and geographic scope of the restraint, the nature of the employee’s role, and the interests of the employer that the restraint seeks to protect.. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law (Labour Law), 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Tinyane, Nthabeleng
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Trade agreement , Restraint of trade , Commercial policy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66297 , vital:74493
- Description: A restraint of trade is often incorporated into a contract of employment, stipulating that an employee is restricted from working in the same industry or sector as the employer for a specified period of time. Such a provision is aimed at protecting an employer's proprietary interests, such as trade connections and secrets, which may potentially benefit a competitor unfairly and unlawfully. In South Africa, the principles associated with restraints of trade are rooted in common law. The landmark judgment in Magna Alloys & Research (SA) (Pty) Ltd v Ellis clarified the legal position regarding agreements in restraint of trade in South Africa. Prior to the judgment, there were considerable differences in the approaches adopted by the courts in relation to provisions in restraint. These differences primarily centered around the Roman-Dutch law notion, which holds that contracts voluntarily entered into ought to be honored (pacta sunt servanda), and the English law approach that contracts in restraint of trade are prima facie unenforceable. The court in Magna held that the position in South Africa with regard to agreements in restraint of trade is that each agreement should be examined with regard to its own circumstances to determine whether the enforcement of such an agreement would be contrary to public policy. This means that while restraints of trade are generally enforceable, they must be reasonable and not against the public interest. The reasonableness of the restraint is assessed based on factors such as the duration and geographic scope of the restraint, the nature of the employee’s role, and the interests of the employer that the restraint seeks to protect.. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law (Labour Law), 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Quantify the shift in critical strain energy density for a dynamic loaded S355J2 weld section by small punch testing
- Authors: Snyman, Ross
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Materials -- Testing , Materials -- Microscopy , Mechanical engineering
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64830 , vital:73927
- Description: The potential of using “critical strain energy density” as an indicator to detect material degradation on fatigue-loaded components, where the stress amplitude was gradually increased, was investigated by applying the small punch test methodology. Small punch discs were extracted from four fatigue specimens. Discs were extracted from two zones within the fatigue specimens: the heat-affected zone of a shield metal arc welded butt joint, as well as from parent metal plate area. Each fatigue specimen having been exposed to a different stress amplitude but equal number of fatigue cycles of 20 million. This allowed the development of a Small Punch Test results database, permitting the calculation of material properties by using a Finite Element Analysis inverse method. Critical strain energy values did not reveal any conclusive shift or correlation for discs extracted from the HAZ. This is mainly attributed to variance in the grain structure for HAZ samples. For discs extracted from parent metal, a decreasing trend in strain energy density value was noted in relation to an increase in the fatigue test stress amplitude. This observed change was a clear indication of the potential for using “Strain Energy Density”, as extracted from this test methodology, as a ranking tool for quantifying the extent of degradation of in-service components. The application of this study demonstrated the ability to monitor and predict material degradation for a given stress range over the expected life of a cyclically loaded component utilizing strain energy density results. This is useful, particularly in heavy industries where structures and large-scale components are used beyond their original design life. , Thesis (MEng) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Snyman, Ross
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Materials -- Testing , Materials -- Microscopy , Mechanical engineering
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64830 , vital:73927
- Description: The potential of using “critical strain energy density” as an indicator to detect material degradation on fatigue-loaded components, where the stress amplitude was gradually increased, was investigated by applying the small punch test methodology. Small punch discs were extracted from four fatigue specimens. Discs were extracted from two zones within the fatigue specimens: the heat-affected zone of a shield metal arc welded butt joint, as well as from parent metal plate area. Each fatigue specimen having been exposed to a different stress amplitude but equal number of fatigue cycles of 20 million. This allowed the development of a Small Punch Test results database, permitting the calculation of material properties by using a Finite Element Analysis inverse method. Critical strain energy values did not reveal any conclusive shift or correlation for discs extracted from the HAZ. This is mainly attributed to variance in the grain structure for HAZ samples. For discs extracted from parent metal, a decreasing trend in strain energy density value was noted in relation to an increase in the fatigue test stress amplitude. This observed change was a clear indication of the potential for using “Strain Energy Density”, as extracted from this test methodology, as a ranking tool for quantifying the extent of degradation of in-service components. The application of this study demonstrated the ability to monitor and predict material degradation for a given stress range over the expected life of a cyclically loaded component utilizing strain energy density results. This is useful, particularly in heavy industries where structures and large-scale components are used beyond their original design life. , Thesis (MEng) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Engineering, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Quantifying the impact of the spatio-temporal variability of land use/land cover on surface run-off generation and groundwater recharge in the luvuvhu river catchment area as a study area
- Ramuhovhi, Dakalo Ndivhuwo Stella
- Authors: Ramuhovhi, Dakalo Ndivhuwo Stella
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Remote sensing , Geographic information systems , Groundwater flow
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64322 , vital:73675
- Description: Assessing the spatio-temporal dynamics of land use land cover (LULC) change on hydrological response is vital for catchment sustainability and developing proper management strategies. The study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal effects and implications of LULC dynamics on surface runoff in the Luvuvhu River Catchment, Limpopo Province, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Satellite images of Landsat 5-thematic mapper and Landsat 8 operational land imager for the years 1990 and 2021 were used to explore the characteristics of LULC for this study by adopting the maximum likelihood (ML) supervised classification method. Five LULC classes were classified in this study; namely, water, built-up area, bare surface, dense vegetation, and sparse vegetation. The classification results show good accuracy values in the range of 76% (1990) and 84% (2021) with overall kappa of 63.8% and 72.8% for 1990 and 2021, respectively. For the purpose of this study, integration of geospatial technique and SWAT model were configured to operate at a monthly time interval over a span of 34 years, specifically from 1979 to 2013 to simulate surface runoff. The SWAT simulation process was executed using a digital elevation model, soil, LULC, and weather data. The analysis of LULC for 1990 and 2021 runoff modelling, it was found that, the runoff depth increased gradually from 3249 mm to 5162.5 mm during 1990 and 2021 LULC change, respectively. The R2, ENS, PBIAS, and RSR values for the calibration and the validation were 0.81 and 0.76, and 0.72 and 0.68, 0.64 and 0.58, 0.54 and 0.63 respectively. These values indicate good correlation between the observed and simulated stream flow data Therefore, suitable and timely management measures must be taken by policy decision-makers to enable sustainable development and to protect the catchment’s natural resources in order to reduce the severity of the changes. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Ramuhovhi, Dakalo Ndivhuwo Stella
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Remote sensing , Geographic information systems , Groundwater flow
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64322 , vital:73675
- Description: Assessing the spatio-temporal dynamics of land use land cover (LULC) change on hydrological response is vital for catchment sustainability and developing proper management strategies. The study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal effects and implications of LULC dynamics on surface runoff in the Luvuvhu River Catchment, Limpopo Province, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Satellite images of Landsat 5-thematic mapper and Landsat 8 operational land imager for the years 1990 and 2021 were used to explore the characteristics of LULC for this study by adopting the maximum likelihood (ML) supervised classification method. Five LULC classes were classified in this study; namely, water, built-up area, bare surface, dense vegetation, and sparse vegetation. The classification results show good accuracy values in the range of 76% (1990) and 84% (2021) with overall kappa of 63.8% and 72.8% for 1990 and 2021, respectively. For the purpose of this study, integration of geospatial technique and SWAT model were configured to operate at a monthly time interval over a span of 34 years, specifically from 1979 to 2013 to simulate surface runoff. The SWAT simulation process was executed using a digital elevation model, soil, LULC, and weather data. The analysis of LULC for 1990 and 2021 runoff modelling, it was found that, the runoff depth increased gradually from 3249 mm to 5162.5 mm during 1990 and 2021 LULC change, respectively. The R2, ENS, PBIAS, and RSR values for the calibration and the validation were 0.81 and 0.76, and 0.72 and 0.68, 0.64 and 0.58, 0.54 and 0.63 respectively. These values indicate good correlation between the observed and simulated stream flow data Therefore, suitable and timely management measures must be taken by policy decision-makers to enable sustainable development and to protect the catchment’s natural resources in order to reduce the severity of the changes. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities at the workplace
- Authors: Addae, Charles Kwadwo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 , Disability rights , Disability in the work place
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66140 , vital:74420
- Description: In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of inclusivity and equal opportunities for individuals with disabilities in the workplace. This thesis aims to contribute to this discourse by examining the issue of reasonable accommodation for disabled employees, with a specific focus on the South African context. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provide important frameworks for promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities for disabled individuals in employment. These global standards emphasise the need for reasonable accommodation, which refers to the adjustments and modifications made to the work environment or job duties to enable disabled employees to perform their tasks effectively. In South Africa, the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 (EEA) and the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) serve as the legal framework for addressing disability rights in the workplace. These acts outline the obligations of employers to provide reasonable accommodation and protect disabled employees from discrimination. By analysing the specific provisions within the EEA and LRA, this research aims to gain insights into how South Africa addresses and implements reasonable accommodation measures. By synthesizing the perspectives of the ILO, the UN Convention, and the South African legal framework, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges, successes, and potential areas for improvement in achieving workplace inclusivity for individuals with disabilities. It will examine the barriers that disabled employees face in accessing reasonable accommodation, such as attitudinal barriers, lack of awareness, and financial constraints. Additionally, it will explore the strategies and initiatives that have been successful in promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities for disabled individuals in the South African workplace. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Addae, Charles Kwadwo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 , Disability rights , Disability in the work place
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66140 , vital:74420
- Description: In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of inclusivity and equal opportunities for individuals with disabilities in the workplace. This thesis aims to contribute to this discourse by examining the issue of reasonable accommodation for disabled employees, with a specific focus on the South African context. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provide important frameworks for promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities for disabled individuals in employment. These global standards emphasise the need for reasonable accommodation, which refers to the adjustments and modifications made to the work environment or job duties to enable disabled employees to perform their tasks effectively. In South Africa, the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 (EEA) and the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) serve as the legal framework for addressing disability rights in the workplace. These acts outline the obligations of employers to provide reasonable accommodation and protect disabled employees from discrimination. By analysing the specific provisions within the EEA and LRA, this research aims to gain insights into how South Africa addresses and implements reasonable accommodation measures. By synthesizing the perspectives of the ILO, the UN Convention, and the South African legal framework, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges, successes, and potential areas for improvement in achieving workplace inclusivity for individuals with disabilities. It will examine the barriers that disabled employees face in accessing reasonable accommodation, such as attitudinal barriers, lack of awareness, and financial constraints. Additionally, it will explore the strategies and initiatives that have been successful in promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities for disabled individuals in the South African workplace. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Reconstructing the fire history and palaeoenvironment at Thyspunt, Southern Cape Coast, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Ntsondwa, Asithandile
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Paleoecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Paleoclimatology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sedimentation analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64277 , vital:73671
- Description: This study aims to comprehensively understand the palaeoenvironments at Thyspunt in the Eastern Cape, a subregion of the Cape Floristic Region, through fire reconstruction and sediment analyses. Given the fire-dependent nature of the dominant vegetation (fynbos) in the area, there is a need for fire reconstructions and an understanding of the broader ecological dynamics within the southern Cape coastal region (SCCR). This research focused on reconstructing the fire regimes using sedimentary micro- and macrocharcoal from a sediment core (TP-1) extracted from the Langefonteinvlei wetland at Thyspunt, covering the last 5000 years. The charcoal fragments were separated into three size classes, with two falling under microcharcoal (size class 1: 10 – 100 μm and size class 2: 100 – 150 μm) and fragments greater than 150 μm representing macrocharcoal. The sedimentary profile of the TP-1 sequence was characterised based on loss on ignition and x-ray fluorescence analyses to provide better insight into the area's geological and geomorphic setting, climate history, and sediment properties. The results from the geochemical data revealed consistently high calcium carbonate composition throughout the sequence with a decrease in concentration at ~2000 cal. yr BP, 1300 cal. yr BP, and from 500 cal. yr BP to recent years. The sediments had relatively high organic content during the last 500 years. The geochemical data also indicate that the sediments are associated with shallow marine and near-shore depositional environments with a sharp increase in fine material at about 4500 cal. yr BP representing a low-energy environment. High fire activities occur around 4000 cal. yr. BP and from 1500 cal. yr BP till present, with former fire activities more likely associated with increased wildfires (driven by climate change) and the latter possibly reflecting human influence at that time. Microcharcoal fragments (size class 1: 10 – 100 μm) had higher concentrations than the other size fragments. This study underpins the importance of a multiproxy study to enrich our understanding of fire histories in Thyspunt and contributes to broader regional insights. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Reconstructing the fire history and palaeoenvironment at Thyspunt, Southern Cape Coast, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Ntsondwa, Asithandile
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Paleoecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Paleoclimatology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sedimentation analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64277 , vital:73671
- Description: This study aims to comprehensively understand the palaeoenvironments at Thyspunt in the Eastern Cape, a subregion of the Cape Floristic Region, through fire reconstruction and sediment analyses. Given the fire-dependent nature of the dominant vegetation (fynbos) in the area, there is a need for fire reconstructions and an understanding of the broader ecological dynamics within the southern Cape coastal region (SCCR). This research focused on reconstructing the fire regimes using sedimentary micro- and macrocharcoal from a sediment core (TP-1) extracted from the Langefonteinvlei wetland at Thyspunt, covering the last 5000 years. The charcoal fragments were separated into three size classes, with two falling under microcharcoal (size class 1: 10 – 100 μm and size class 2: 100 – 150 μm) and fragments greater than 150 μm representing macrocharcoal. The sedimentary profile of the TP-1 sequence was characterised based on loss on ignition and x-ray fluorescence analyses to provide better insight into the area's geological and geomorphic setting, climate history, and sediment properties. The results from the geochemical data revealed consistently high calcium carbonate composition throughout the sequence with a decrease in concentration at ~2000 cal. yr BP, 1300 cal. yr BP, and from 500 cal. yr BP to recent years. The sediments had relatively high organic content during the last 500 years. The geochemical data also indicate that the sediments are associated with shallow marine and near-shore depositional environments with a sharp increase in fine material at about 4500 cal. yr BP representing a low-energy environment. High fire activities occur around 4000 cal. yr. BP and from 1500 cal. yr BP till present, with former fire activities more likely associated with increased wildfires (driven by climate change) and the latter possibly reflecting human influence at that time. Microcharcoal fragments (size class 1: 10 – 100 μm) had higher concentrations than the other size fragments. This study underpins the importance of a multiproxy study to enrich our understanding of fire histories in Thyspunt and contributes to broader regional insights. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Regulation of sexual harassment at the workplace in Namibia
- Authors: Kayama, Ohms Moven
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Workplace Sexual Harassments , Labour Law , Sex discrimination in employment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64695 , vital:73862
- Description: Many Namibians are driven by the need for income and economic sustainability, pushing them to seek employment and make a living for themselves. However, what appears to be just participating in economic activities can be a risky and traumatic experience for some workers. For years, many have had to balance their job responsibilities while enduring discrimination, bullying, violence, and harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment has been a major problem in the workplace, with women being the primary targets and victims. Studies have shown that gender inequality is one of the leading causes of sexual harassment in the workplace. Within the above context, this treatise aimed at answering to what extent Namibia's legislative framework regulates sexual harassment in the workplace. Namibia's legal framework was tested against the global instruments to answer the question. It was found that Namibia's legislative framework does regulate sexual harassment. However, some several gaps were identified. First, there is ambiguity and scope of legal definitions as the current definition of sexual harassment in section 5(7)(b) of the LA is not comprehensive enough. It fails to explicitly include both "quid pro quo" and "hostile environment" sexual harassment. This ambiguity could hinder victims' ability to seek justice and the legal system to prosecute offenders effectively. Second, there is an inefficacy of reporting structures, which is a significant barrier. Victims often face unclear and inefficient procedures, contributing to underreporting and unresolved cases. Developing straightforward, accessible, and efficient reporting mechanisms is crucial. Third, the absence of comprehensive workplace policies against sexual harassment exacerbates the issue. While developing a Code of Good Practice is positive, its implementation status and effectiveness remain uncertain. Another gap relates to the protection for whistleblowers and victims, as a lack of adequate legal protection for whistleblowers and witnesses discourages reporting. Strengthening legal protections can empower more individuals to come forward. The gaps identified were developed while comparing Namibia’s legislative framework to South Africa to determine whether lessons can be learned as it was found that lessons could be learned. Further recommendations is that Namibia should establish a single OHS legislation to address workplace sexual harassment by standardising policies and procedures across various industries, improving reporting standards to measure the occurrence of sexual harassment incidents, and developing a Code of Good Practice regulating sexual harassment. Lastly, it is acknowledged that Namibia's ratification of the Violence and Harassment Convention, 2019 (No. 190) is a welcomed development and shows a positive commitment in its intention to curb sexual violence in the workplace. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Kayama, Ohms Moven
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Workplace Sexual Harassments , Labour Law , Sex discrimination in employment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64695 , vital:73862
- Description: Many Namibians are driven by the need for income and economic sustainability, pushing them to seek employment and make a living for themselves. However, what appears to be just participating in economic activities can be a risky and traumatic experience for some workers. For years, many have had to balance their job responsibilities while enduring discrimination, bullying, violence, and harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment has been a major problem in the workplace, with women being the primary targets and victims. Studies have shown that gender inequality is one of the leading causes of sexual harassment in the workplace. Within the above context, this treatise aimed at answering to what extent Namibia's legislative framework regulates sexual harassment in the workplace. Namibia's legal framework was tested against the global instruments to answer the question. It was found that Namibia's legislative framework does regulate sexual harassment. However, some several gaps were identified. First, there is ambiguity and scope of legal definitions as the current definition of sexual harassment in section 5(7)(b) of the LA is not comprehensive enough. It fails to explicitly include both "quid pro quo" and "hostile environment" sexual harassment. This ambiguity could hinder victims' ability to seek justice and the legal system to prosecute offenders effectively. Second, there is an inefficacy of reporting structures, which is a significant barrier. Victims often face unclear and inefficient procedures, contributing to underreporting and unresolved cases. Developing straightforward, accessible, and efficient reporting mechanisms is crucial. Third, the absence of comprehensive workplace policies against sexual harassment exacerbates the issue. While developing a Code of Good Practice is positive, its implementation status and effectiveness remain uncertain. Another gap relates to the protection for whistleblowers and victims, as a lack of adequate legal protection for whistleblowers and witnesses discourages reporting. Strengthening legal protections can empower more individuals to come forward. The gaps identified were developed while comparing Namibia’s legislative framework to South Africa to determine whether lessons can be learned as it was found that lessons could be learned. Further recommendations is that Namibia should establish a single OHS legislation to address workplace sexual harassment by standardising policies and procedures across various industries, improving reporting standards to measure the occurrence of sexual harassment incidents, and developing a Code of Good Practice regulating sexual harassment. Lastly, it is acknowledged that Namibia's ratification of the Violence and Harassment Convention, 2019 (No. 190) is a welcomed development and shows a positive commitment in its intention to curb sexual violence in the workplace. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Relationship management in all-boys fee-paying public Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: experiences and perspectives of LGBTQ alumni
- Authors: Mahlangu, Nhlakanipho
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Single-sex schools -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sex differences in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Customer relations -- Management , Sexual minorities -- Education -- Research -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65108 , vital:74024
- Description: This study explores the perspectives and experiences of LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. The context of increased competition between schools in the education sector and the importance of inclusion within the sector necessitated a study to investigate the extent to which relationship management is conducted with an orientation towards LGBTQ inclusion in all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. Student protests in South Africa over the past 10 years have expanded concerns about student belonging beyond the widely studied lenses of race and class. A growing body of literature and wider discourse emphasises student belonging as a challenge in the South African education sector. Marginalised students continue to experience educational spaces negatively. LGBTQ student experiences in the South Africa are characterised by violence and ostracisation, thus warranting further investigation and inquiry. The study locates itself in the intersections between gender and sexual diversity and economic citizenship in the broader discourse of school inclusivity. A qualitative research approach was employed, making use of semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews. The sample was derived from alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape through snowball sampling. Ten LGBTQ-identifying alumni of boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape were interviewed. The findings reveal the need to question the extent to which LGBTQ alumni can enjoy the fullness of the value proposition of all-boys’ schools, and what can be done to ensure LGBTQ belonging. The findings of this study concur with existing literature about LGBTQ experiences. Participants defined their school experiences as exclusionary and characterised by fear of failing to assert themselves in a hypermasculine school environment. LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape view relationship management as under-utilised as a tool to facilitate LGBTQ belonging. Instead, relationship management is used to affirm those who fit the mould of the quintessential ‘old boy’ network, by defining the masculine behaviours that learners in all-boys’ schools are compelled to aspire towards. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mahlangu, Nhlakanipho
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Single-sex schools -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Sex differences in education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Customer relations -- Management , Sexual minorities -- Education -- Research -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65108 , vital:74024
- Description: This study explores the perspectives and experiences of LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. The context of increased competition between schools in the education sector and the importance of inclusion within the sector necessitated a study to investigate the extent to which relationship management is conducted with an orientation towards LGBTQ inclusion in all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. Student protests in South Africa over the past 10 years have expanded concerns about student belonging beyond the widely studied lenses of race and class. A growing body of literature and wider discourse emphasises student belonging as a challenge in the South African education sector. Marginalised students continue to experience educational spaces negatively. LGBTQ student experiences in the South Africa are characterised by violence and ostracisation, thus warranting further investigation and inquiry. The study locates itself in the intersections between gender and sexual diversity and economic citizenship in the broader discourse of school inclusivity. A qualitative research approach was employed, making use of semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews. The sample was derived from alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape through snowball sampling. Ten LGBTQ-identifying alumni of boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape were interviewed. The findings reveal the need to question the extent to which LGBTQ alumni can enjoy the fullness of the value proposition of all-boys’ schools, and what can be done to ensure LGBTQ belonging. The findings of this study concur with existing literature about LGBTQ experiences. Participants defined their school experiences as exclusionary and characterised by fear of failing to assert themselves in a hypermasculine school environment. LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape view relationship management as under-utilised as a tool to facilitate LGBTQ belonging. Instead, relationship management is used to affirm those who fit the mould of the quintessential ‘old boy’ network, by defining the masculine behaviours that learners in all-boys’ schools are compelled to aspire towards. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Relationship Management in All-Boys’ Fee-paying Public Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa : Experiences and Perspectives of LGBTQ Alumni
- Authors: Mahlangu, Nhlakanipho
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Gay men , Teenage boys , Public schools -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62237 , vital:72364
- Description: This study explores the perspectives and experiences of LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. The context of increased competition between schools in the education sector and the importance of inclusion within the sector necessitated a study to investigate the extent to which relationship management is conducted with an orientation towards LGBTQ inclusion in all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. Student protests in South Africa over the past 10 years have expanded concerns about student belonging beyond the widely studied lenses of race and class. A growing body of literature and wider discourse emphasises student belonging as a challenge in the South African education sector. Marginalised students continue to experience educational spaces negatively. LGBTQ student experiences in the South Africa are characterised by violence and ostracisation, thus warranting further investigation and inquiry. The study locates itself in the intersections between gender and sexual diversity and economic citizenship in the broader discourse of school inclusivity. A qualitative research approach was employed, making use of semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews. The sample was derived from alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape through snowball sampling. Ten LGBTQ-identifying alumni of boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape were interviewed. The findings reveal the need to question the extent to which LGBTQ alumni can enjoy the fullness of the value proposition of all-boys’ schools, and what can be done to ensure LGBTQ belonging. The findings of this study concur with existing literature about LGBTQ experiences. Participants defined their school experiences as exclusionary and characterised by fear of failing to assert themselves in a hypermasculine school environment. LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape view relationship management as under-utilised as a tool to facilitate LGBTQ belonging. Instead, relationship management is used to affirm those who fit the mould of the quintessential ‘old boy’ network, by defining the masculine behaviours that learners in all-boys’ schools are compelled to aspire towards. v ABSTRACT The findings illustrate that the culture of silence around non-confirming sexuality is sustained in the post-schooling relationship management life-cycle and results in the absence of the LGBTQ customer voice in the drafting of school strategy and policy. LGBTQ alumni who speak out about controversial issues often face admonition from their former teachers and peers. LGBTQ alumni criticise the relationship management of their former schools for the over-emphasis on fundraising and the complete absence of discussions on diversity. LGBTQ alumni are therefore marginalised in the process of value co-creation, as LGBTQ alumni feel they will never be viewed as legitimate collaborators by their former schools. The suggested recommendations emerging from this study include the need to codify school policies that speak specifically to LGBTQ marginalisation. Furthermore, schools must endeavour to make specific enquiries into LGBTQ student experiences and include LGBTQ concerns in wider school discourse. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mahlangu, Nhlakanipho
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Gay men , Teenage boys , Public schools -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/62237 , vital:72364
- Description: This study explores the perspectives and experiences of LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. The context of increased competition between schools in the education sector and the importance of inclusion within the sector necessitated a study to investigate the extent to which relationship management is conducted with an orientation towards LGBTQ inclusion in all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape. Student protests in South Africa over the past 10 years have expanded concerns about student belonging beyond the widely studied lenses of race and class. A growing body of literature and wider discourse emphasises student belonging as a challenge in the South African education sector. Marginalised students continue to experience educational spaces negatively. LGBTQ student experiences in the South Africa are characterised by violence and ostracisation, thus warranting further investigation and inquiry. The study locates itself in the intersections between gender and sexual diversity and economic citizenship in the broader discourse of school inclusivity. A qualitative research approach was employed, making use of semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews. The sample was derived from alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape through snowball sampling. Ten LGBTQ-identifying alumni of boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape were interviewed. The findings reveal the need to question the extent to which LGBTQ alumni can enjoy the fullness of the value proposition of all-boys’ schools, and what can be done to ensure LGBTQ belonging. The findings of this study concur with existing literature about LGBTQ experiences. Participants defined their school experiences as exclusionary and characterised by fear of failing to assert themselves in a hypermasculine school environment. LGBTQ alumni of all-boys’ schools in the Eastern Cape view relationship management as under-utilised as a tool to facilitate LGBTQ belonging. Instead, relationship management is used to affirm those who fit the mould of the quintessential ‘old boy’ network, by defining the masculine behaviours that learners in all-boys’ schools are compelled to aspire towards. v ABSTRACT The findings illustrate that the culture of silence around non-confirming sexuality is sustained in the post-schooling relationship management life-cycle and results in the absence of the LGBTQ customer voice in the drafting of school strategy and policy. LGBTQ alumni who speak out about controversial issues often face admonition from their former teachers and peers. LGBTQ alumni criticise the relationship management of their former schools for the over-emphasis on fundraising and the complete absence of discussions on diversity. LGBTQ alumni are therefore marginalised in the process of value co-creation, as LGBTQ alumni feel they will never be viewed as legitimate collaborators by their former schools. The suggested recommendations emerging from this study include the need to codify school policies that speak specifically to LGBTQ marginalisation. Furthermore, schools must endeavour to make specific enquiries into LGBTQ student experiences and include LGBTQ concerns in wider school discourse. , Thesis (Ma) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Resignation in employment Law
- Authors: Kheswa, Zimasa
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Resignation , Employees--Dismissal , Disciplinary--actions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65296 , vital:74089
- Description: This treatise provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal framework governing resignations in South Africa. It examines the statutory provisions, regulations, and general principles that underpin employment termination, with a focus on voluntary resignation, constructive dismissal, and termination during disciplinary proceedings. Through an analysis of important case law, the treatise explores the practical challenges and legal ambiguities employers and employees face when navigating the resignation process. The treatise also conducts a detailed comparative legal analysis of resignation laws, focusing on the United Kingdom’s approach and how it contrasts with and could potentially inform legal practices in South Africa. Based on the findings, the treatise proposes several recommendations for improving the legal framework governing resignations in South Africa, including enacting clearer statutory guidelines, encouraging consistent judicial rulings, adopting best practices from the United Kingdom’s legal system, and facilitating stakeholder engagement. By implementing these recommendations, South Africa can create a more coherent legal framework for resignations, promoting fairness, certainty, and efficiency in employer-employee relations. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Kheswa, Zimasa
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Resignation , Employees--Dismissal , Disciplinary--actions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65296 , vital:74089
- Description: This treatise provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal framework governing resignations in South Africa. It examines the statutory provisions, regulations, and general principles that underpin employment termination, with a focus on voluntary resignation, constructive dismissal, and termination during disciplinary proceedings. Through an analysis of important case law, the treatise explores the practical challenges and legal ambiguities employers and employees face when navigating the resignation process. The treatise also conducts a detailed comparative legal analysis of resignation laws, focusing on the United Kingdom’s approach and how it contrasts with and could potentially inform legal practices in South Africa. Based on the findings, the treatise proposes several recommendations for improving the legal framework governing resignations in South Africa, including enacting clearer statutory guidelines, encouraging consistent judicial rulings, adopting best practices from the United Kingdom’s legal system, and facilitating stakeholder engagement. By implementing these recommendations, South Africa can create a more coherent legal framework for resignations, promoting fairness, certainty, and efficiency in employer-employee relations. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Risk Management as a nexus to Ameliorate Citizen Centricity in the Western Cape Provincial Government
- Authors: Micketts, David
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Risk management , Corporate governance -- South Africa -- Case studies , Public administration
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63345 , vital:73259
- Description: This study aims to explore how risk management can be applied by the Western Cape Provincial Government to enhance citizen centricity in the Province. The Provincial Departments and Public Entities in this province are applauded for achieving satisfactory audit results in recent financial years from the Auditor-General South Africa. Despite the aforementioned, service delivery protests remain ongoing, which is indicative of citizen dissatisfaction and distress. Ensuring an effective, efficient, and transparent risk management system is mandatory, as prescribed by relevant legislation in South Africa and citizens are entitled to specific rights articulated in the Bill of Rights chapter of the Constitution. Therefore, it is essential that risk management – which forms part of good governance – be embedded by leadership and in processes to ultimately constrain risks which may hinder citizen centricity. Six chapters are included in this research paper. A qualitative approach was adopted, which considered a comprehensive review of literature, and a desktop analysis was performed. Secondary data and information sources were consulted and applied, without the participation of human subjects, for the purposes of primary data collection. Research findings were presented utilising thematic content analysis. It was found during the study that the Western Cape Government risk management framework is flexible to constrain various categories of risk and embraces local and global best practices in the risk management and citizen-focused governments arenas. Furthermore, the framework advocates and drives collaboration between a myriad of role-players, both internal and external to the organisation, to collectively manage risks posed to the achievement of the defined goals, objectives and priorities. To this end, the study was pursued through the lenses of a New Public Management (NPM) paradigm as well as deliberative democracy theory and public governance theories and administrative practices. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Micketts, David
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Risk management , Corporate governance -- South Africa -- Case studies , Public administration
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63345 , vital:73259
- Description: This study aims to explore how risk management can be applied by the Western Cape Provincial Government to enhance citizen centricity in the Province. The Provincial Departments and Public Entities in this province are applauded for achieving satisfactory audit results in recent financial years from the Auditor-General South Africa. Despite the aforementioned, service delivery protests remain ongoing, which is indicative of citizen dissatisfaction and distress. Ensuring an effective, efficient, and transparent risk management system is mandatory, as prescribed by relevant legislation in South Africa and citizens are entitled to specific rights articulated in the Bill of Rights chapter of the Constitution. Therefore, it is essential that risk management – which forms part of good governance – be embedded by leadership and in processes to ultimately constrain risks which may hinder citizen centricity. Six chapters are included in this research paper. A qualitative approach was adopted, which considered a comprehensive review of literature, and a desktop analysis was performed. Secondary data and information sources were consulted and applied, without the participation of human subjects, for the purposes of primary data collection. Research findings were presented utilising thematic content analysis. It was found during the study that the Western Cape Government risk management framework is flexible to constrain various categories of risk and embraces local and global best practices in the risk management and citizen-focused governments arenas. Furthermore, the framework advocates and drives collaboration between a myriad of role-players, both internal and external to the organisation, to collectively manage risks posed to the achievement of the defined goals, objectives and priorities. To this end, the study was pursued through the lenses of a New Public Management (NPM) paradigm as well as deliberative democracy theory and public governance theories and administrative practices. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Role of community pharmacies in the management of diabetic foot ulcers in South Africa
- Authors: Greyling, Cosette
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Foot -- Ulcers -- Treatment , Wounds and injuries -- Treatment , Diabetes -- Complications
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63846 , vital:73619
- Description: Appropriate wound care and management are essential to prevent complications in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). It is important to evaluate if patients are getting the necessary therapeutic treatment and counselling at community pharmacies. The primary aim was to determine the role of community pharmacies in South Africa in the management of DFUs. This study used a mixed-method research design combining both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. In 2023 a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 823 community pharmacists in South Africa with questions regarding DFUs. Data from the questionnaire were analysed and used in the next phase of the study, which was focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs were conducted with a group of pharmacy stakeholders. The response rate for the questionnaire was 18.95% (n=156). Only 105 respondents completed the questionnaire. Majority of the respondents (n=45) were located in Gauteng province, practising in corporate pharmacies (n=88) in urban areas (n=104). Majority of respondents (n=73) indicated that they did not have a clinic inside their pharmacies and 46 respondents indicated that they had a nurse employed in the pharmacy. Most frequently seen chronic wounds in community pharmacies were diabetic wounds and surgical wounds. Majority (n=71) of respondents indicated that they have not attended additional training on DFUs. Respondents indicated that they most often used the internet and other healthcare providers as information resources regarding DFUs. The results also indicated that community pharmacists would like to have more training regarding advanced wound care and that pharmacists do have a role to play when managing DFUs. During two FGDs, two main themes emerged namely “Community pharmacists encounter various challenges when treating patients with DFUs” and “There is a gap in training for community pharmacists in treating DFUs”. The focus group discussion (FGD) results complemented the questionnaire survey results. Since there is limited research published in South Africa on the role of community pharmacies managing DFUs, this study indicated that there is a need for additional training on DFUs for pharmacists working in community pharmacies in South Africa. , Thesis (M.Pharm) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Greyling, Cosette
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Foot -- Ulcers -- Treatment , Wounds and injuries -- Treatment , Diabetes -- Complications
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63846 , vital:73619
- Description: Appropriate wound care and management are essential to prevent complications in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). It is important to evaluate if patients are getting the necessary therapeutic treatment and counselling at community pharmacies. The primary aim was to determine the role of community pharmacies in South Africa in the management of DFUs. This study used a mixed-method research design combining both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. In 2023 a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 823 community pharmacists in South Africa with questions regarding DFUs. Data from the questionnaire were analysed and used in the next phase of the study, which was focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs were conducted with a group of pharmacy stakeholders. The response rate for the questionnaire was 18.95% (n=156). Only 105 respondents completed the questionnaire. Majority of the respondents (n=45) were located in Gauteng province, practising in corporate pharmacies (n=88) in urban areas (n=104). Majority of respondents (n=73) indicated that they did not have a clinic inside their pharmacies and 46 respondents indicated that they had a nurse employed in the pharmacy. Most frequently seen chronic wounds in community pharmacies were diabetic wounds and surgical wounds. Majority (n=71) of respondents indicated that they have not attended additional training on DFUs. Respondents indicated that they most often used the internet and other healthcare providers as information resources regarding DFUs. The results also indicated that community pharmacists would like to have more training regarding advanced wound care and that pharmacists do have a role to play when managing DFUs. During two FGDs, two main themes emerged namely “Community pharmacists encounter various challenges when treating patients with DFUs” and “There is a gap in training for community pharmacists in treating DFUs”. The focus group discussion (FGD) results complemented the questionnaire survey results. Since there is limited research published in South Africa on the role of community pharmacies managing DFUs, this study indicated that there is a need for additional training on DFUs for pharmacists working in community pharmacies in South Africa. , Thesis (M.Pharm) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Rural teachers’ experiences during covid-19 pandemic: lessons learnt to cope with future emergencies
- Authors: Dlambewu, Amanda
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease) -- Social aspects -- South Africa , Rural schools -- South Africa , Teachers -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63945 , vital:73629
- Description: This study focused on challenges faced by rural teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the intention of using the outcomes to develop a framework that could assist with coping with similar challenges in future emergencies. The study was situated in the interpretivist paradigm. A qualitative approach was employed using interviews and a focus group discussion. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory and the theory of rurality were used as lenses to explore and interpret the challenges that rural teachers experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study's findings reveal that teachers faced the following challenges: mental health, adaptability, impact on personal life, safety, and work environment challenges. Furthermore, the study also found that teachers used the following coping mechanisms to deal with the challenges during the pandemic: adherence to rules and regulations, pastoral services, support from friends and family, collaboration, and physical activity. Finally, after applying both the theory of rurality and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory to the findings, a framework was developed to assist in coping with future emergencies. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Post Graduate Education, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Rural teachers’ experiences during covid-19 pandemic: lessons learnt to cope with future emergencies
- Authors: Dlambewu, Amanda
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: COVID-19 (Disease) -- Social aspects -- South Africa , Rural schools -- South Africa , Teachers -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63945 , vital:73629
- Description: This study focused on challenges faced by rural teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the intention of using the outcomes to develop a framework that could assist with coping with similar challenges in future emergencies. The study was situated in the interpretivist paradigm. A qualitative approach was employed using interviews and a focus group discussion. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory and the theory of rurality were used as lenses to explore and interpret the challenges that rural teachers experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study's findings reveal that teachers faced the following challenges: mental health, adaptability, impact on personal life, safety, and work environment challenges. Furthermore, the study also found that teachers used the following coping mechanisms to deal with the challenges during the pandemic: adherence to rules and regulations, pastoral services, support from friends and family, collaboration, and physical activity. Finally, after applying both the theory of rurality and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory to the findings, a framework was developed to assist in coping with future emergencies. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Post Graduate Education, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Self-attentive vision in evolutionary robotics
- Authors: Botha, Bouwer
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Evolutionary robotics , Robotics , Neural networks (Computer science)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63628 , vital:73566
- Description: The autonomy of a robot refers to its ability to achieve a task in an environment with minimal human supervision. This may require autonomous solutions to be able to perceive their environment to inform their decisions. An inexpensive and highly informative way that robots can perceive the environment is through vision. The autonomy of a robot is reliant on the quality of the robotic controller. These controllers are the software interface between the robot and environment that determine the actions of the robot based on the perceived environment. Controllers are typically created using manual programming techniques, which become progressively more challenging with increasing complexity of both the robot and task. An alternative to manual programming is the use of machine learning techniques such as those used by Evolutionary Robotics (ER). ER is an area of research that investigates the automatic creation of controllers. Instead of manually programming a controller, an Evolutionary Algorithms can be used to evolve the controller through repeated interactions with the task environment. Employing the ER approach on camera-based controllers, however, has presented problems for conventional ER methods. Firstly, existing architectures that are capable of automatically processing images, have a large number of trained parameters. These architectures over-encumber the evolutionary process due to the large search space of possible configurations. Secondly, the evolution of complex controllers needs to be done in simulation, which requires either: (a) the construction of a photo-realistic virtual environment with accurate lighting, texturing and models or (b) potential reduction of the controller capability by simplifying the problem via image preprocessing. Any controller trained in simulation also raises the inherent concern of not being able to transfer to the real world. This study proposes a new technique for the evolution of camera-based controllers in ER, that aims to address the highlighted problems. The use of self-attention is proposed to facilitate the evolution of compact controllers that are able to evolve specialized sets of task-relevant features in unprocessed images by focussing on important image regions. Furthermore, a new neural network-based simulation approach, Generative Neuro-Augmented Vision (GNAV), is proposed to simplify simulation construction. GNAV makes use of random data collected in a simple virtual environment and the real world. A neural network is trained to overcome the visual discrepancies between these two environments. GNAV enables a controller to be trained in a simple simulated environment that appears similar to the real environment, while requiring minimal human supervision. The capabilities of the new technique were demonstrated using a series of real-world navigation tasks based on camera vision. Controllers utilizing the proposed self-attention mechanism were trained using GNAV and transferred to a real camera-equipped robot. The controllers were shown to be able to perform the same tasks in the real world. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Botha, Bouwer
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Evolutionary robotics , Robotics , Neural networks (Computer science)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63628 , vital:73566
- Description: The autonomy of a robot refers to its ability to achieve a task in an environment with minimal human supervision. This may require autonomous solutions to be able to perceive their environment to inform their decisions. An inexpensive and highly informative way that robots can perceive the environment is through vision. The autonomy of a robot is reliant on the quality of the robotic controller. These controllers are the software interface between the robot and environment that determine the actions of the robot based on the perceived environment. Controllers are typically created using manual programming techniques, which become progressively more challenging with increasing complexity of both the robot and task. An alternative to manual programming is the use of machine learning techniques such as those used by Evolutionary Robotics (ER). ER is an area of research that investigates the automatic creation of controllers. Instead of manually programming a controller, an Evolutionary Algorithms can be used to evolve the controller through repeated interactions with the task environment. Employing the ER approach on camera-based controllers, however, has presented problems for conventional ER methods. Firstly, existing architectures that are capable of automatically processing images, have a large number of trained parameters. These architectures over-encumber the evolutionary process due to the large search space of possible configurations. Secondly, the evolution of complex controllers needs to be done in simulation, which requires either: (a) the construction of a photo-realistic virtual environment with accurate lighting, texturing and models or (b) potential reduction of the controller capability by simplifying the problem via image preprocessing. Any controller trained in simulation also raises the inherent concern of not being able to transfer to the real world. This study proposes a new technique for the evolution of camera-based controllers in ER, that aims to address the highlighted problems. The use of self-attention is proposed to facilitate the evolution of compact controllers that are able to evolve specialized sets of task-relevant features in unprocessed images by focussing on important image regions. Furthermore, a new neural network-based simulation approach, Generative Neuro-Augmented Vision (GNAV), is proposed to simplify simulation construction. GNAV makes use of random data collected in a simple virtual environment and the real world. A neural network is trained to overcome the visual discrepancies between these two environments. GNAV enables a controller to be trained in a simple simulated environment that appears similar to the real environment, while requiring minimal human supervision. The capabilities of the new technique were demonstrated using a series of real-world navigation tasks based on camera vision. Controllers utilizing the proposed self-attention mechanism were trained using GNAV and transferred to a real camera-equipped robot. The controllers were shown to be able to perform the same tasks in the real world. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Spatiotemporal recharge determination in response to episodic rainfall events within the Central Karoo, South Africa
- Authors: Williams, Aarifah
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Groundwater -- South Africa -- Beaufort West , Groundwater recharge , Hydrogeology
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64459 , vital:73735
- Description: With inadequate and unpredictable rainfall patterns resulting in a mean annual precipitation of 464 mm, South Africa is classified as a water-stressed semi-arid country. Consequently, between 2015 and 2021, the majority of South Africa was confronted with severe drought conditions, with numerous dams running dry across the country. The Beaufort West Municipality is a prime example of the adverse effects of South Africa's inadequate and erratic rainfall patterns. In Beaufort West, a town located within the Central Karoo region of the Western Cape, groundwater is the primary source of water. Since recharge within the region is episodic, occurring irregularly, understanding the dynamics surrounding recharge in the area is essential for achieving sustainable long-term water resource management. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of how the aquifers within the Beaufort West Municipality Well Fields respond to extended periods of drought, extreme episodic precipitation events and excessive abstraction. This study aimed to quantify extreme recharge in the Beaufort West municipal wellfields using the water-table fluctuation (WTF) method. Additionally, it sought to deepen comprehension of the local climate's interaction with groundwater levels, surface water dynamics, and recharge through a 32-year historical data analysis (1990 to 2022) encompassing precipitation, evaporation, and surface water parameters. Findings revealed the complex relationship between precipitation, evaporation, regional geology, and water abstraction, influencing recharge periods, duration, and mechanisms across different regions within the aquifer system. Groundwater levels exhibited rapid declines during droughts due to extensive well field abstraction, but recovery was evident following episodic high precipitation events in 1993, 1996, 2010/2011, and 2019/2020. This comprehensive analysis serves as a valuable foundation for informed water resource management strategies, emphasizing the need for diversified approaches ensure the long-term water security and resilience of the Beaufort West Municipality. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Williams, Aarifah
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Groundwater -- South Africa -- Beaufort West , Groundwater recharge , Hydrogeology
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64459 , vital:73735
- Description: With inadequate and unpredictable rainfall patterns resulting in a mean annual precipitation of 464 mm, South Africa is classified as a water-stressed semi-arid country. Consequently, between 2015 and 2021, the majority of South Africa was confronted with severe drought conditions, with numerous dams running dry across the country. The Beaufort West Municipality is a prime example of the adverse effects of South Africa's inadequate and erratic rainfall patterns. In Beaufort West, a town located within the Central Karoo region of the Western Cape, groundwater is the primary source of water. Since recharge within the region is episodic, occurring irregularly, understanding the dynamics surrounding recharge in the area is essential for achieving sustainable long-term water resource management. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of how the aquifers within the Beaufort West Municipality Well Fields respond to extended periods of drought, extreme episodic precipitation events and excessive abstraction. This study aimed to quantify extreme recharge in the Beaufort West municipal wellfields using the water-table fluctuation (WTF) method. Additionally, it sought to deepen comprehension of the local climate's interaction with groundwater levels, surface water dynamics, and recharge through a 32-year historical data analysis (1990 to 2022) encompassing precipitation, evaporation, and surface water parameters. Findings revealed the complex relationship between precipitation, evaporation, regional geology, and water abstraction, influencing recharge periods, duration, and mechanisms across different regions within the aquifer system. Groundwater levels exhibited rapid declines during droughts due to extensive well field abstraction, but recovery was evident following episodic high precipitation events in 1993, 1996, 2010/2011, and 2019/2020. This comprehensive analysis serves as a valuable foundation for informed water resource management strategies, emphasizing the need for diversified approaches ensure the long-term water security and resilience of the Beaufort West Municipality. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Statistical learning methods for photovoltaic energy output prediction
- Authors: Magaya, Aphiwe
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Photovoltaic power generation , Mathematical statistics , Statistics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64138 , vital:73656
- Description: Predicting solar energy accurately is important for the integration of more renewable energy into the grid, which can help to alleviate the energy demand on traditional coal-powered sources in South Africa. This study aims to assess several statistical learning models to predict the energy output of a 1MW photovoltaic system installed on the Nelson Mandela University South Campus in Gqeberha. Weather data (including temperature, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, air pressure, and humidity) and solar irradiance data (including global horizontal radiation, diffuse radiation, and direct radiation) are used to predict the energy output of this system using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Regression Trees (RT). The performance of each of the models was compared and the results indicated that the ANN model performed best. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Magaya, Aphiwe
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Photovoltaic power generation , Mathematical statistics , Statistics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64138 , vital:73656
- Description: Predicting solar energy accurately is important for the integration of more renewable energy into the grid, which can help to alleviate the energy demand on traditional coal-powered sources in South Africa. This study aims to assess several statistical learning models to predict the energy output of a 1MW photovoltaic system installed on the Nelson Mandela University South Campus in Gqeberha. Weather data (including temperature, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, air pressure, and humidity) and solar irradiance data (including global horizontal radiation, diffuse radiation, and direct radiation) are used to predict the energy output of this system using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Regression Trees (RT). The performance of each of the models was compared and the results indicated that the ANN model performed best. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Statutory conciliation as a labour-dispute-resolution mechanism
- Authors: Masaya, Ruvimbo Cheryl
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Labor disputes -- South Africa , South Africa. -- Labour Relations Act, 1995 , Labor -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Industrial relations -- South Africa South Africa. -- Commission for Conciliation, Mediation, and Arbitration
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65701 , vital:74229
- Description: South African labour dispute resolution is a product of the country’s problematic past which was based on inequality and division. The new political dispensation led to the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa in 1996, which enshrined a variety of basic human rights for all people within the Republic. Amongst these rights was section 23, which provided for and still protects the right to fair labour practices for all. In order to further give effect to this right, the Labour Relations Act was promulgated, with section 112 of the Act establishing the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (hereafter referred to as the CCMA). One of the main mandatory functions of the CCMA is that of statutory conciliation. Statutory conciliation must also be performed by any other accredited bodies such as bargaining councils. The term statutory conciliation refers to a process that occurs under the direction of an impartial third party where parties to a dispute endeavour to reach an agreement in order to settle the dispute. The process is without prejudice and proceedings are intended to help the parties find an amicable solution. It can be a very powerful tool to settle disputes in the labour law context where there are disputes between employers and employees where internal procedures have been exhausted and a deadlock has been reached. Statutory conciliation is the first step where a case has been referred to the CCMA. According to the CCMA, 3 844 169 cases have been referred to it since its establishment in 1996.1 In the 2021/22 financial year thus far, the number of case referrals to the CCMA sits at 156 777, a reflection of how well utilised the mechanism is. The main aim of this treatise is to explore the role of statutory conciliation as a mechanism of labour dispute resolution. The history and development of labour dispute resolution in South Africa will be examined; briefly followed by an explanation of the process of conciliation. The treatise will also consider the limitations of the process of statutory conciliation, as the process is not immune to abuse by parties. Since the advent of the Labour Relations Act, the courts have had to consider various aspects of conciliation, in particular concerning the confidentiality of the process and whether a commissioner may be compelled to testify on the conciliation process at arbitration or the Labour Court. In addition, the ambit of the conciliation commissioner’s functions and powers will also be considered. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Masaya, Ruvimbo Cheryl
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Labor disputes -- South Africa , South Africa. -- Labour Relations Act, 1995 , Labor -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Industrial relations -- South Africa South Africa. -- Commission for Conciliation, Mediation, and Arbitration
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65701 , vital:74229
- Description: South African labour dispute resolution is a product of the country’s problematic past which was based on inequality and division. The new political dispensation led to the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa in 1996, which enshrined a variety of basic human rights for all people within the Republic. Amongst these rights was section 23, which provided for and still protects the right to fair labour practices for all. In order to further give effect to this right, the Labour Relations Act was promulgated, with section 112 of the Act establishing the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (hereafter referred to as the CCMA). One of the main mandatory functions of the CCMA is that of statutory conciliation. Statutory conciliation must also be performed by any other accredited bodies such as bargaining councils. The term statutory conciliation refers to a process that occurs under the direction of an impartial third party where parties to a dispute endeavour to reach an agreement in order to settle the dispute. The process is without prejudice and proceedings are intended to help the parties find an amicable solution. It can be a very powerful tool to settle disputes in the labour law context where there are disputes between employers and employees where internal procedures have been exhausted and a deadlock has been reached. Statutory conciliation is the first step where a case has been referred to the CCMA. According to the CCMA, 3 844 169 cases have been referred to it since its establishment in 1996.1 In the 2021/22 financial year thus far, the number of case referrals to the CCMA sits at 156 777, a reflection of how well utilised the mechanism is. The main aim of this treatise is to explore the role of statutory conciliation as a mechanism of labour dispute resolution. The history and development of labour dispute resolution in South Africa will be examined; briefly followed by an explanation of the process of conciliation. The treatise will also consider the limitations of the process of statutory conciliation, as the process is not immune to abuse by parties. Since the advent of the Labour Relations Act, the courts have had to consider various aspects of conciliation, in particular concerning the confidentiality of the process and whether a commissioner may be compelled to testify on the conciliation process at arbitration or the Labour Court. In addition, the ambit of the conciliation commissioner’s functions and powers will also be considered. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Department of Mercantile law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Strategies for amplifying street vendors’ contribution to local economic development in Limpopo: a case study of vendors in Thohoyandou Plaza
- Authors: Motalaota, Tumiso Molatelo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Street vendors -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Thohoyandou , Street vendors -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Thohoyandou -- Economic conditions , Economic development -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Thohoyandou
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65241 , vital:74064
- Description: The study investigated strategies for amplifying street vendors' contribution to local economic development at Thohoyandou Plaza in Limpopo Province. Street vendors have been acknowledged as a critical component of global and South African socioeconomic growth. Nonetheless, very little study has been undertaken in Thohoyandou Plaza with the primary goal of identifying the problems and potential for increasing the number of street vendors. Consequently, this study adds to current knowledge by focusing on approaches for raising the number of street vendors in the area. Access to finance, infrastructure, laws and licensure were among the barriers noted in this study. The sample comprised 23 participants selected through purposive sampling techniques. The study population included street vendors and municipal officers. The study interviewed 18 vendors and 5 government officials who met the criteria and were willing to participate. A literature review was conducted and found that the constraints include partial access to storage services, which explains the inadequate options for street vendors to succeed. The study used qualitative research methodology to attain intended goals. Furthermore, the study used an interview guide to obtain data from individual participants using a face-to-face method. To acquire information from important informants, open and closed-ended questionnaires were also used. Recruitment was done to street vendors who showed interest in contributing to the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview schedules. Atlas ti. Version 23 was used in coding and categorising the data according to emerging themes for qualitative data. Views and perspectives of various individuals and previous studies were considered to give a tangible outcome, conclusion and recommendations. Street vendors have challenges such as poor literacy and limited access to financial assistance. Therefore, training on financial literacy, marketing and managerial abilities is required for them to improve their market opportunities. Private organisations should invest in the infrastructure required for the success of street vendors. This will in turn help street vendors to contribute significantly to local economic development while also alleviating unemployment. The recommendation of the current study aimed to advance the working conditions of street vendors, particularly those selling fruits and vegetables. The study's outcomes may aid street vendors by decreasing the obstacles connected with street trade. The findings of the study can support policymakers to address relevant restrictions faced by these street vendors by making it easier to access critical raw materials, which might be challenging owing to financial and seasonal concerns. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Motalaota, Tumiso Molatelo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Street vendors -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Thohoyandou , Street vendors -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Thohoyandou -- Economic conditions , Economic development -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Thohoyandou
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/65241 , vital:74064
- Description: The study investigated strategies for amplifying street vendors' contribution to local economic development at Thohoyandou Plaza in Limpopo Province. Street vendors have been acknowledged as a critical component of global and South African socioeconomic growth. Nonetheless, very little study has been undertaken in Thohoyandou Plaza with the primary goal of identifying the problems and potential for increasing the number of street vendors. Consequently, this study adds to current knowledge by focusing on approaches for raising the number of street vendors in the area. Access to finance, infrastructure, laws and licensure were among the barriers noted in this study. The sample comprised 23 participants selected through purposive sampling techniques. The study population included street vendors and municipal officers. The study interviewed 18 vendors and 5 government officials who met the criteria and were willing to participate. A literature review was conducted and found that the constraints include partial access to storage services, which explains the inadequate options for street vendors to succeed. The study used qualitative research methodology to attain intended goals. Furthermore, the study used an interview guide to obtain data from individual participants using a face-to-face method. To acquire information from important informants, open and closed-ended questionnaires were also used. Recruitment was done to street vendors who showed interest in contributing to the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview schedules. Atlas ti. Version 23 was used in coding and categorising the data according to emerging themes for qualitative data. Views and perspectives of various individuals and previous studies were considered to give a tangible outcome, conclusion and recommendations. Street vendors have challenges such as poor literacy and limited access to financial assistance. Therefore, training on financial literacy, marketing and managerial abilities is required for them to improve their market opportunities. Private organisations should invest in the infrastructure required for the success of street vendors. This will in turn help street vendors to contribute significantly to local economic development while also alleviating unemployment. The recommendation of the current study aimed to advance the working conditions of street vendors, particularly those selling fruits and vegetables. The study's outcomes may aid street vendors by decreasing the obstacles connected with street trade. The findings of the study can support policymakers to address relevant restrictions faced by these street vendors by making it easier to access critical raw materials, which might be challenging owing to financial and seasonal concerns. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Supporting competitive robot game mission planning using machine learning
- Authors: Strydom, Elton
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Machine learning , High performance computing , Robotics , LEGO Mindstorms toys Computer programming
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64841 , vital:73929
- Description: This dissertation presents a study aimed at supporting the strategic planning and execution of missions in competitive robot games, particularly in the FIRST LEGO® League (FLL), through the use of machine learning techniques. The primary objective is to formulate guidelines for evaluating mission strategies using machine learning techniques within the FLL landscape, thereby supporting participants in the mission strategy design journey within the FLL robot game. The research methodology encompasses a literature review, focusing on the current practices in the FLL mission strategy design process. This is followed by a literature review of machine learning techniques on a broad level pivoting towards evolutionary algorithms. The study then delves into the specifics of genetic algorithms, exploring their suitability and potential advantages for mission strategy evaluation in competitive robotic environments within the FLL robot game. A significant portion of the research involves the development and testing of a prototype system that applies a genetic algorithm to simulate and evaluate different mission strategies, providing a practical tool for FLL teams. During the development of the evaluation prototype, guidelines were formulated aligning with the primary research objective which is to formulate guidelines for evaluating mission strategies in robot games using machine learning techniques. Key findings of this study highlight the effectiveness of genetic algorithms in identifying optimal mission strategies. The prototype demonstrates the feasibility of using machine learning to provide real-time, feedback to participating teams, enabling more informed decision-making in the formulation of mission strategies. , Thesis (MIT) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Information Technology, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Strydom, Elton
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Machine learning , High performance computing , Robotics , LEGO Mindstorms toys Computer programming
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/64841 , vital:73929
- Description: This dissertation presents a study aimed at supporting the strategic planning and execution of missions in competitive robot games, particularly in the FIRST LEGO® League (FLL), through the use of machine learning techniques. The primary objective is to formulate guidelines for evaluating mission strategies using machine learning techniques within the FLL landscape, thereby supporting participants in the mission strategy design journey within the FLL robot game. The research methodology encompasses a literature review, focusing on the current practices in the FLL mission strategy design process. This is followed by a literature review of machine learning techniques on a broad level pivoting towards evolutionary algorithms. The study then delves into the specifics of genetic algorithms, exploring their suitability and potential advantages for mission strategy evaluation in competitive robotic environments within the FLL robot game. A significant portion of the research involves the development and testing of a prototype system that applies a genetic algorithm to simulate and evaluate different mission strategies, providing a practical tool for FLL teams. During the development of the evaluation prototype, guidelines were formulated aligning with the primary research objective which is to formulate guidelines for evaluating mission strategies in robot games using machine learning techniques. Key findings of this study highlight the effectiveness of genetic algorithms in identifying optimal mission strategies. The prototype demonstrates the feasibility of using machine learning to provide real-time, feedback to participating teams, enabling more informed decision-making in the formulation of mission strategies. , Thesis (MIT) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, School of Information Technology, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Synthesis and applications of hydroxyl-functionalized chemosensors for selective detection of ions in aqueous systems
- Authors: Hamukoshi, Simeon Shiweda
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Molecular recognition , Solution (Chemistry) , Water chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63787 , vital:73613
- Description: Fluorescent molecular chemosensors are crucial tools for monitoring toxic metal ions and environmental compounds that pose risks to both humans and wildlife. Continuous sensing is essential for early detection, and chemosensors offer a sensitive and straightforward approach by detecting challenging analyte’s through optical absorption and fluorescence. Current detection methods, such as flame photometry and mass spectrometry, can be expensive, destructive, and impractical for continuous monitoring. Consequently, fluorescent-based methods present a promising, simple, and highly sensitive alternative for chemical recognition and monitoring. In this project, we successfully synthesized ten highly selective small hydroxyl containing molecule fluorescent and colorimetric sensors; Oxime Dye (OD), Small Sensor 1 (SS1), Small Sensor 2 (SS2), Quinoline Dye 1 (QD1), Quinoline Dye 2 (QD2), Quinoline Dye 3 (QD3), Coumarin Dye 1 (CD1), Coumarin Dye 2 (CD2), Naphthalene Dye 1 (ND1), Naphthalene Dye 2 (ND2). These chemosensors contained benzothiazole, naphthalene, quinoline, and coumarin fluorophores. These sensors facilitate both quantitative and qualitative assessment of cationic and anionic species in aqueous organic media. The chemosensors were synthesized using modified Schiff base, azo dye, and oxime-based reactions, enhancing binding and selectivity with analyte’s. They exhibited selectivity towards various metal ions (Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+) and anions (hydroxyl and cyanate), characterized by distinct absorption bands and significant fluorescent quenching and enhancement. While some sensors were selective towards both cations and anions, others exclusively targeted cations, showing lower selectivity or sensitivity towards anions upon further testing. Conversely, certain sensors were selective towards anions, demonstrating reduced sensitivity or selectivity towards the tested cations. The oxime-based chemosensor, OD, was obtained through an oxime-based reaction. The sensor demonstrates remarkable selectivity for Cu2+ and cyanate ions. During titration experiments, the interaction of Cu2+ with OD resulted in a noticeable fluorescence quenching effect, while the presence of OCN ions led to fluorescence enhancement. These distinct behaviors strongly suggest the formation of specific 1:1 complexes between OD and Cu2+ or OCN ions, a conclusion supported by detailed analysis using the Jobs plot technique. In addition to the fluorescence studies, investigations into the influence of pH on the sensor OD, as well as its complexes with Cu2+ and OCN, were conducted to determine the optimum pH conditions for their operation. Moreover, reversible behavior of the complexes was explored in the presence of EDTA, revealing that only the OD-OCN complex displayed reversibility. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies were performed to validate the binding units and calculate the energy differences between the sensor and its respective complexes. Additionally, four chemosensors (SS1, SS2, CD2, and QD2) were synthesized and characterized using Schiff-based reactions, showcasing their unique absorption behaviors. SS1 and SS2, characterized by benzothiazole fluorophores, demonstrated high sensitivity to hydroxyl anions. Jobs plot studies revealed a stable 1:1 binding stoichiometry. Chemosensor CD2, incorporating a coumarin fluorophore, was structurally confirmed but showed no significant spectral changes when screened with various ions. Chemosensor QD2 exhibited remarkable selectivity for Fe2+ ions, and stable 1:1 complexes were confirmed. Further molecular modeling studies were conducted to identify potential binding sites. Furthermore, five chemosensors (CD1, CD3, QD1, ND1, and ND2) were synthesized and characterized using azo dye reactions, revealing their unique absorption behaviors. Chemosensor CD1 showed high selectivity towards Hg2+ under both absorption and emission spectroscopy. Job's plot studies confirmed a stable 1:1 complex formation. The presence of competing cations did not affect complex formation, emphasizing its stability and selectivity. Another coumarin-containing dye chemosensor, CD3, was synthesized as a novel chemosensor. In the presence of TBA anionic solutions, CD3 exhibited strong absorption bands and selectivity for OH- ions, forming a stable complex with them. Quantitative studies, including the determination of LOD and LOQ, were also conducted. The binding stoichiometry of 1:1 between CD3 and OH- was established through Job's plot analysis. Lastly, two naphthalene dyes were synthesized. However, they did not exhibit selectivity towards cations or anions. Interestingly, their absorption spectra were affected by the change in solvent system, a concept worth exploring in future work. Chemosensor ND1 and ND2 did not show any cation or anion selectivity. However, they demonstrated different spectra and colour responses to cations and anions in different water-DMSO solvent systems. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Hamukoshi, Simeon Shiweda
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Molecular recognition , Solution (Chemistry) , Water chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63787 , vital:73613
- Description: Fluorescent molecular chemosensors are crucial tools for monitoring toxic metal ions and environmental compounds that pose risks to both humans and wildlife. Continuous sensing is essential for early detection, and chemosensors offer a sensitive and straightforward approach by detecting challenging analyte’s through optical absorption and fluorescence. Current detection methods, such as flame photometry and mass spectrometry, can be expensive, destructive, and impractical for continuous monitoring. Consequently, fluorescent-based methods present a promising, simple, and highly sensitive alternative for chemical recognition and monitoring. In this project, we successfully synthesized ten highly selective small hydroxyl containing molecule fluorescent and colorimetric sensors; Oxime Dye (OD), Small Sensor 1 (SS1), Small Sensor 2 (SS2), Quinoline Dye 1 (QD1), Quinoline Dye 2 (QD2), Quinoline Dye 3 (QD3), Coumarin Dye 1 (CD1), Coumarin Dye 2 (CD2), Naphthalene Dye 1 (ND1), Naphthalene Dye 2 (ND2). These chemosensors contained benzothiazole, naphthalene, quinoline, and coumarin fluorophores. These sensors facilitate both quantitative and qualitative assessment of cationic and anionic species in aqueous organic media. The chemosensors were synthesized using modified Schiff base, azo dye, and oxime-based reactions, enhancing binding and selectivity with analyte’s. They exhibited selectivity towards various metal ions (Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+) and anions (hydroxyl and cyanate), characterized by distinct absorption bands and significant fluorescent quenching and enhancement. While some sensors were selective towards both cations and anions, others exclusively targeted cations, showing lower selectivity or sensitivity towards anions upon further testing. Conversely, certain sensors were selective towards anions, demonstrating reduced sensitivity or selectivity towards the tested cations. The oxime-based chemosensor, OD, was obtained through an oxime-based reaction. The sensor demonstrates remarkable selectivity for Cu2+ and cyanate ions. During titration experiments, the interaction of Cu2+ with OD resulted in a noticeable fluorescence quenching effect, while the presence of OCN ions led to fluorescence enhancement. These distinct behaviors strongly suggest the formation of specific 1:1 complexes between OD and Cu2+ or OCN ions, a conclusion supported by detailed analysis using the Jobs plot technique. In addition to the fluorescence studies, investigations into the influence of pH on the sensor OD, as well as its complexes with Cu2+ and OCN, were conducted to determine the optimum pH conditions for their operation. Moreover, reversible behavior of the complexes was explored in the presence of EDTA, revealing that only the OD-OCN complex displayed reversibility. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies were performed to validate the binding units and calculate the energy differences between the sensor and its respective complexes. Additionally, four chemosensors (SS1, SS2, CD2, and QD2) were synthesized and characterized using Schiff-based reactions, showcasing their unique absorption behaviors. SS1 and SS2, characterized by benzothiazole fluorophores, demonstrated high sensitivity to hydroxyl anions. Jobs plot studies revealed a stable 1:1 binding stoichiometry. Chemosensor CD2, incorporating a coumarin fluorophore, was structurally confirmed but showed no significant spectral changes when screened with various ions. Chemosensor QD2 exhibited remarkable selectivity for Fe2+ ions, and stable 1:1 complexes were confirmed. Further molecular modeling studies were conducted to identify potential binding sites. Furthermore, five chemosensors (CD1, CD3, QD1, ND1, and ND2) were synthesized and characterized using azo dye reactions, revealing their unique absorption behaviors. Chemosensor CD1 showed high selectivity towards Hg2+ under both absorption and emission spectroscopy. Job's plot studies confirmed a stable 1:1 complex formation. The presence of competing cations did not affect complex formation, emphasizing its stability and selectivity. Another coumarin-containing dye chemosensor, CD3, was synthesized as a novel chemosensor. In the presence of TBA anionic solutions, CD3 exhibited strong absorption bands and selectivity for OH- ions, forming a stable complex with them. Quantitative studies, including the determination of LOD and LOQ, were also conducted. The binding stoichiometry of 1:1 between CD3 and OH- was established through Job's plot analysis. Lastly, two naphthalene dyes were synthesized. However, they did not exhibit selectivity towards cations or anions. Interestingly, their absorption spectra were affected by the change in solvent system, a concept worth exploring in future work. Chemosensor ND1 and ND2 did not show any cation or anion selectivity. However, they demonstrated different spectra and colour responses to cations and anions in different water-DMSO solvent systems. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular & Chemical Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04