A Legacy Adapter Component of a 1394-Based Professional Studio Architecture
- Foss, Richard, Moses, Bob, Laubscher, Rob
- Authors: Foss, Richard , Moses, Bob , Laubscher, Rob
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427362 , vital:72433 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=9853
- Description: Digital Harmony Studio is a specification for an IEEE-1394-based studio architecture for professional audio production. The specification identifies a number of device categories, including legacy adapters. Legacy adapters provide a vital link between the pro studio environments and current pro audio devices, and will typically take the form of breakout boxes exposing legacy ports. This paper describes a reference design for the first working device within the 'Legacy Adapter' category of the specification.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Foss, Richard , Moses, Bob , Laubscher, Rob
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427362 , vital:72433 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=9853
- Description: Digital Harmony Studio is a specification for an IEEE-1394-based studio architecture for professional audio production. The specification identifies a number of device categories, including legacy adapters. Legacy adapters provide a vital link between the pro studio environments and current pro audio devices, and will typically take the form of breakout boxes exposing legacy ports. This paper describes a reference design for the first working device within the 'Legacy Adapter' category of the specification.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A model for the enforcement of history-based separation of duty in heterogeneous workflow environments
- Authors: Papenfus, Carl
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Information Technology)
- Identifier: vital:10797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69 , Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Description: The current business world is becoming more and more dependent on electronic business. Many paper documents have been made obsolete by electronic documents, as they are easier to automate and track than paper documents. The increased use of computers within organizations has therefore, lead to an increase in use of workflow software products. The increased use of computer-based workflow has allowed organizations to conduct more types of electronic business. This has lead to electronic business crossing organizational boundaries and subsequently a need for heterogeneous workflow systems. For organizations to use heterogeneous workflow systems they must perform their duties in a seamless and secure manner. It is the author’s belief that History-based Separation of Duty principles can be used to formulate access control strategies that reflect the dynamic nature of heterogeneous workflow systems. History-based Separation of Duties relies on the workflow history of a workflow object to determine the access permissions of a particular user to that workflow object. The required workflow history data must be stored in an easily accessible manner. Although this can be achieved through a centralized approach, it is difficult to achieve in a heterogeneous workflow environment where many unrelated workflow systems are interacting across various computer platforms. The model proposed by this dissertation suggests that the workflow history data of a workflow object travels with it in the form of an electronic document, from one heterogeneous workflow environment to another, as a type of “workflow baggage”. In order for this workflow baggage to be easily accessible to all workflow systems in the heterogeneous workflow environment, it must be stored in a universal format, which is structured to allow it to be easily queried. The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is adopted as an appropriate format for representing workflow baggage. The proposed model hinges on the expression of Separation of Duty requirements in a way that is removed from the application programs. A policy-driven approach is thus adopted. The implementation of the model involves the utilization of four steps: policy expression, baggage evaluation, document processing and baggage collection. The policy expression step is responsible for developing the Separation of Duty constraints to be enforced within the workflow system. During the baggage evaluation step the baggage of the workflow object is evaluated according to the constraints of the Separation of Duty policy. Only users who do not violate any of the Separation of Duty constraints are allowed to process the workflow object. After the workflow object has been processed the information regarding the processing is recorded in the baggage collection step. The proposed model enables heterogeneous workflow systems to share access control information in a flexible and portable way.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Papenfus, Carl
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech (Information Technology)
- Identifier: vital:10797 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69 , Reengineering (Management) , Industrial management , Workflow
- Description: The current business world is becoming more and more dependent on electronic business. Many paper documents have been made obsolete by electronic documents, as they are easier to automate and track than paper documents. The increased use of computers within organizations has therefore, lead to an increase in use of workflow software products. The increased use of computer-based workflow has allowed organizations to conduct more types of electronic business. This has lead to electronic business crossing organizational boundaries and subsequently a need for heterogeneous workflow systems. For organizations to use heterogeneous workflow systems they must perform their duties in a seamless and secure manner. It is the author’s belief that History-based Separation of Duty principles can be used to formulate access control strategies that reflect the dynamic nature of heterogeneous workflow systems. History-based Separation of Duties relies on the workflow history of a workflow object to determine the access permissions of a particular user to that workflow object. The required workflow history data must be stored in an easily accessible manner. Although this can be achieved through a centralized approach, it is difficult to achieve in a heterogeneous workflow environment where many unrelated workflow systems are interacting across various computer platforms. The model proposed by this dissertation suggests that the workflow history data of a workflow object travels with it in the form of an electronic document, from one heterogeneous workflow environment to another, as a type of “workflow baggage”. In order for this workflow baggage to be easily accessible to all workflow systems in the heterogeneous workflow environment, it must be stored in a universal format, which is structured to allow it to be easily queried. The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is adopted as an appropriate format for representing workflow baggage. The proposed model hinges on the expression of Separation of Duty requirements in a way that is removed from the application programs. A policy-driven approach is thus adopted. The implementation of the model involves the utilization of four steps: policy expression, baggage evaluation, document processing and baggage collection. The policy expression step is responsible for developing the Separation of Duty constraints to be enforced within the workflow system. During the baggage evaluation step the baggage of the workflow object is evaluated according to the constraints of the Separation of Duty policy. Only users who do not violate any of the Separation of Duty constraints are allowed to process the workflow object. After the workflow object has been processed the information regarding the processing is recorded in the baggage collection step. The proposed model enables heterogeneous workflow systems to share access control information in a flexible and portable way.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A non-paraphyletic classification of the afrotropical genus Acanthiops Waltz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)
- Lugo-Ortiz, C R, Barber-James, Helen M, McCafferty, W P, de Moor, Ferdy C
- Authors: Lugo-Ortiz, C R , Barber-James, Helen M , McCafferty, W P , de Moor, Ferdy C
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7006 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008384
- Description: Acanthiops Waltz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) is shown to be a monophyletic grouping defined by an anteromedially emarginate and laterally expanded and flattened pronotum in the larva. Attempts to restrict the concept of Acanthiops to Ac. marlieri (Demoulin) and re-erect Afroptiloides Gillies, syn. n., for Ac. elgonensis Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Ac. griffithsi Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Ac. tsitsa Barber-James & McCafferty, Ac. variegatus (Gillies), Ac. varius (Crass) and Ac. zomba Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, are shown to be based on inconsistent and inadequate morphological features that result in a paraphyletic taxonomy. The unofficial separate treatment of Ac. cooperi (Gillies & Wuillot) and Ac. erepens (Gillies) under Platycloeon Gillies & Wuillot is also shown to be paraphyletic. Acanthiops faro Barber-James & McCafferty, sp. n., is described from larvae from Guinea, and is distinguished by the combination of a papillate projection on labial palp segment 2, small tubercles on terga 1-8 and abdominal colour pattern. Acanthiops io Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, sp. n., is described from larvae from the Democratic Republic of Congo, and is distinguished by the combination of a papillate projection on palp segment 2, elongate tubercles on terga 1-9 and abdominal colour pattern. The larva of Ac. erepens (Gillies) is redescribed to incorporate morphological features and variability previously not accounted for, and larvae originally assigned to Baetis cataractae Crass are shown to be equivalent to Ac. erepens. New locality data or emendations on locality data are provided for Ac. griffithsi, Ac. tsitsa Barber-James & McCafferty and Ac. varius (Crass).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Lugo-Ortiz, C R , Barber-James, Helen M , McCafferty, W P , de Moor, Ferdy C
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7006 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008384
- Description: Acanthiops Waltz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) is shown to be a monophyletic grouping defined by an anteromedially emarginate and laterally expanded and flattened pronotum in the larva. Attempts to restrict the concept of Acanthiops to Ac. marlieri (Demoulin) and re-erect Afroptiloides Gillies, syn. n., for Ac. elgonensis Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Ac. griffithsi Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, Ac. tsitsa Barber-James & McCafferty, Ac. variegatus (Gillies), Ac. varius (Crass) and Ac. zomba Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, are shown to be based on inconsistent and inadequate morphological features that result in a paraphyletic taxonomy. The unofficial separate treatment of Ac. cooperi (Gillies & Wuillot) and Ac. erepens (Gillies) under Platycloeon Gillies & Wuillot is also shown to be paraphyletic. Acanthiops faro Barber-James & McCafferty, sp. n., is described from larvae from Guinea, and is distinguished by the combination of a papillate projection on labial palp segment 2, small tubercles on terga 1-8 and abdominal colour pattern. Acanthiops io Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, sp. n., is described from larvae from the Democratic Republic of Congo, and is distinguished by the combination of a papillate projection on palp segment 2, elongate tubercles on terga 1-9 and abdominal colour pattern. The larva of Ac. erepens (Gillies) is redescribed to incorporate morphological features and variability previously not accounted for, and larvae originally assigned to Baetis cataractae Crass are shown to be equivalent to Ac. erepens. New locality data or emendations on locality data are provided for Ac. griffithsi, Ac. tsitsa Barber-James & McCafferty and Ac. varius (Crass).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A PCA-based modelling technique for predicting environmental suitability for organisms from presence records
- Robertson, Mark P, Caithness, N, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Robertson, Mark P , Caithness, N , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442609 , vital:74014 , https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-4642.2001.00094.x
- Description: We present a correlative modelling technique that uses locality records (associated with species presence) and a set of predictor variables to produce a statistically justifiable probability response surface for a target species. The probability response surface indicates the suitability of each grid cell in a map for the target species in terms of the suite of predictor variables. The technique constructs a hyperspace for the target species using principal component axes derived from a principal components analysis performed on a training dataset. The training dataset comprises the values of the predictor variables associated with the localities where the species has been recorded as present. The origin of this hyperspace is taken to characterize the centre of the niche of the organism. All the localities (grid‐cells) in the map region are then fitted into this hyperspace using the values of the predictor variables at these localities (the prediction dataset). The Euclidean distance from any locality to the origin of the hyperspace gives a measure of the ‘centrality’ of that locality in the hyperspace. These distances are used to derive probability values for each grid cell in the map region. The modelling technique was applied to bioclimatic data to predict bioclimatic suitability for three alien invasive plant species (Lantana camara L., Ricinus communis L. and Solanum mauritianum Scop.) in South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. The models were tested against independent test records by calculating area under the curve (AUC) values of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and kappa statistics. There was good agreement between the models and the independent test records. The pre‐processing of climatic variable data to reduce the deleterious effects of multicollinearity, and the use of stopping rules to prevent overfitting of the models are important aspects of the modelling process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Robertson, Mark P , Caithness, N , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442609 , vital:74014 , https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-4642.2001.00094.x
- Description: We present a correlative modelling technique that uses locality records (associated with species presence) and a set of predictor variables to produce a statistically justifiable probability response surface for a target species. The probability response surface indicates the suitability of each grid cell in a map for the target species in terms of the suite of predictor variables. The technique constructs a hyperspace for the target species using principal component axes derived from a principal components analysis performed on a training dataset. The training dataset comprises the values of the predictor variables associated with the localities where the species has been recorded as present. The origin of this hyperspace is taken to characterize the centre of the niche of the organism. All the localities (grid‐cells) in the map region are then fitted into this hyperspace using the values of the predictor variables at these localities (the prediction dataset). The Euclidean distance from any locality to the origin of the hyperspace gives a measure of the ‘centrality’ of that locality in the hyperspace. These distances are used to derive probability values for each grid cell in the map region. The modelling technique was applied to bioclimatic data to predict bioclimatic suitability for three alien invasive plant species (Lantana camara L., Ricinus communis L. and Solanum mauritianum Scop.) in South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. The models were tested against independent test records by calculating area under the curve (AUC) values of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and kappa statistics. There was good agreement between the models and the independent test records. The pre‐processing of climatic variable data to reduce the deleterious effects of multicollinearity, and the use of stopping rules to prevent overfitting of the models are important aspects of the modelling process.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A phenomenological investigation into undergraduate students' experience of acquiring the discourse of engineering
- Authors: Van Heerden, Karen Ilse
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Education, Higher -- South Africa Students -- Attitudes Academic writing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa English language -- Rhetoric -- Study and teaching -- South Africa Technical writing -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1698 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003581
- Description: The area of discourse acquisition and writing in higher education has become a much researched field. In South Africa the interest in discourse acquisition and writing has been partly in response to the change in student profile, particularly over the past ten years. While South African researchers and academics are increasingly focusing their interest in discourse acquisition and writing on the unique circumstances here, they rely on theories based on research done in very different social contexts. These theories are not necessarily universally appropriate. South Africa is currently undergoing a period of transformation in higher education aimed at greater access and equity for black students and academics. The accompanying sense of frustration and disillusionment among students and academics underlines the need to reappraise all aspects of higher education. Much of the research on discourse acquisition and writing is undertaken in arts programmes: vocational fields - such as engineering education - tend to be neglected. If the envisaged growth in science and engineering education is to be realised, it is essential that research in discourse and writing be undertaken in engineering programmes. This study investigates discourse acquisition as experienced by students in a South African engineering faculty. The experiences of six final year technikon students are investigated to gain a better understanding of what it means to acquire the discourse of engineering. The phenomenological method used requires that the researcher suspends or brackets a priori theoretical notions or pre-conceptions so that that which the students experience, rather than what the researcher expects in terms of theory, can emerge. What emerges from the students' experiences is partially congruent with established discourse and writing theories. However, some of the student experiences of discourse acquisition differ in significant ways from what is described in mainstream writing and discourse acquisition theory. The differences in the manner in which these students experience their acquisition of engineering discourse leads to a new understanding of the phenomenon. The students do not experience the alienation or struggle described in mainstream theoretic accounts of discourse acquisition. Students' approaches to writing are affected by their awareness of their multiple identities and the different locations in which they learn. Their approaches to writing are significantly different in some respects from descriptions in mainstream theories in some respects. The description of their experiences gives a different understanding of what it means to acquire the discourse of engineering, and may contribute to the reappraisal of engineering education in a contemporary South African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Van Heerden, Karen Ilse
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Education, Higher -- South Africa Students -- Attitudes Academic writing -- Study and teaching -- South Africa English language -- Rhetoric -- Study and teaching -- South Africa Technical writing -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1698 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003581
- Description: The area of discourse acquisition and writing in higher education has become a much researched field. In South Africa the interest in discourse acquisition and writing has been partly in response to the change in student profile, particularly over the past ten years. While South African researchers and academics are increasingly focusing their interest in discourse acquisition and writing on the unique circumstances here, they rely on theories based on research done in very different social contexts. These theories are not necessarily universally appropriate. South Africa is currently undergoing a period of transformation in higher education aimed at greater access and equity for black students and academics. The accompanying sense of frustration and disillusionment among students and academics underlines the need to reappraise all aspects of higher education. Much of the research on discourse acquisition and writing is undertaken in arts programmes: vocational fields - such as engineering education - tend to be neglected. If the envisaged growth in science and engineering education is to be realised, it is essential that research in discourse and writing be undertaken in engineering programmes. This study investigates discourse acquisition as experienced by students in a South African engineering faculty. The experiences of six final year technikon students are investigated to gain a better understanding of what it means to acquire the discourse of engineering. The phenomenological method used requires that the researcher suspends or brackets a priori theoretical notions or pre-conceptions so that that which the students experience, rather than what the researcher expects in terms of theory, can emerge. What emerges from the students' experiences is partially congruent with established discourse and writing theories. However, some of the student experiences of discourse acquisition differ in significant ways from what is described in mainstream writing and discourse acquisition theory. The differences in the manner in which these students experience their acquisition of engineering discourse leads to a new understanding of the phenomenon. The students do not experience the alienation or struggle described in mainstream theoretic accounts of discourse acquisition. Students' approaches to writing are affected by their awareness of their multiple identities and the different locations in which they learn. Their approaches to writing are significantly different in some respects from descriptions in mainstream theories in some respects. The description of their experiences gives a different understanding of what it means to acquire the discourse of engineering, and may contribute to the reappraisal of engineering education in a contemporary South African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A phenomenological study of leadership in the Rhodes Unversity Mathematics Education Project (RUMEP)
- Authors: Michael, Vanessa Jane
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Rhodes University -- Mathematics education project Educational leadership
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003584
- Description: Few terms in organisational studies inspire less agreement than leadership. It is a slippery concept and much that is written on the subject is confusing and contradictory. Early theories of leadership have, generally, reduced leadership behaviour to a concern for task balanced against a concern for the well-being of employees. This two-dimensional approach has proved to be a limited conceptualisation of leadership. In response, over the past thirty years, researchers have tried to highlight the less rationalistic, more intangible, aspects of leadership. However, there is still very little in leadership research that conveys a sense of the leader as a person. I have argued, in this study, that the reason for this lies in the fact that most leadership research has been conducted along positivistic lines and, therefore, cannot take into account the values, feelings, morals and life experiences of the human beings being studied. Thus, for the human being to take centre-stage in leadership enquiry, a different research paradigm needs to be explored. I have chosen to use phenomenological enquiry as an avenue for examining how John Stoker, the leader of the Rhodes University Mathematics Education Project (RUMEP), experiences being a leader. This is because phenomenology, in both theory and practice, privileges the nature of the meanings that people construct in their lives and that guide their actions. In adopting such a methodology my research findings have examined a number of issues that are of interest to current leadership researchers, however they have also highlighted a number of concerns that have not been explored thoroughly in the leadership literature. These include the importance of the individual leader’s action, intention and will in shaping an organisation, the complex nature of a leader’s creativity within the organisation and possible differences between educational leaders and business leaders. In adopting a phenomenological perspective the eccentricity and fulness of an individual leader’s action is expressed through the research, however, the research also focusses on how the researcher translates and evolving philosophical understanding into sound methodology. Therefore, interwoven into the discussions on leadership there are reflections on how I applied phenomenological theory. The purpose of these reflections is to deliberate on the appropriateness of applying such a methodology to the eclectic field of leadership and to show how my own developing philosophical attitude has transformed into practice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A phenomenological study of leadership in the Rhodes Unversity Mathematics Education Project (RUMEP)
- Authors: Michael, Vanessa Jane
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Rhodes University -- Mathematics education project Educational leadership
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1701 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003584
- Description: Few terms in organisational studies inspire less agreement than leadership. It is a slippery concept and much that is written on the subject is confusing and contradictory. Early theories of leadership have, generally, reduced leadership behaviour to a concern for task balanced against a concern for the well-being of employees. This two-dimensional approach has proved to be a limited conceptualisation of leadership. In response, over the past thirty years, researchers have tried to highlight the less rationalistic, more intangible, aspects of leadership. However, there is still very little in leadership research that conveys a sense of the leader as a person. I have argued, in this study, that the reason for this lies in the fact that most leadership research has been conducted along positivistic lines and, therefore, cannot take into account the values, feelings, morals and life experiences of the human beings being studied. Thus, for the human being to take centre-stage in leadership enquiry, a different research paradigm needs to be explored. I have chosen to use phenomenological enquiry as an avenue for examining how John Stoker, the leader of the Rhodes University Mathematics Education Project (RUMEP), experiences being a leader. This is because phenomenology, in both theory and practice, privileges the nature of the meanings that people construct in their lives and that guide their actions. In adopting such a methodology my research findings have examined a number of issues that are of interest to current leadership researchers, however they have also highlighted a number of concerns that have not been explored thoroughly in the leadership literature. These include the importance of the individual leader’s action, intention and will in shaping an organisation, the complex nature of a leader’s creativity within the organisation and possible differences between educational leaders and business leaders. In adopting a phenomenological perspective the eccentricity and fulness of an individual leader’s action is expressed through the research, however, the research also focusses on how the researcher translates and evolving philosophical understanding into sound methodology. Therefore, interwoven into the discussions on leadership there are reflections on how I applied phenomenological theory. The purpose of these reflections is to deliberate on the appropriateness of applying such a methodology to the eclectic field of leadership and to show how my own developing philosophical attitude has transformed into practice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A preliminary review of the Indo-Pacific Gobiid fishes of the genus Gnatholepis
- Randall, John E, 1924-, Greenfield, David W
- Authors: Randall, John E, 1924- , Greenfield, David W
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15022 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019863 , ISSN 0073-4381 , Ichthyological Bulletin J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 69
- Description: The gobiid fish genus Gnatholepis Bleeker is characterised as follows: dorsal-fin rays VI+I,10-12, the spines slender, none filamentous; anal-fin rays I,11-12; pectoral-fin rays 14-19, none free of membrane; pelvic disc with a frenum; scales on body largely ctenoid, 28-31 in longitudinal series; gill-rakers short, 1 + 3-4; anterior interorbital pores 2; sensory papillae on cheek primarily in a pattern of 4 or 5 vertical rows; body moderately elongate, the depth 3.8-5.4 in SL; head and body compressed; dorsal profile of head initially near-vertical, often with a slight anterior protuberance above upper lip; lower lip with a ventral flap on side of jaw; mouth inferior, the gape slightly oblique; teeth anteriorly in jaws in several rows, the outer row in upper jaw as slender well spaced canines (outer row of teeth at front of lower jaw may or may not be caniniform); tongue bilobed; gill opening ending slightly below level of lower edge of pectoral-fin base; caudal fin rounded, usually longer than head; a dark line extending ventrally from eye, sometimes with one or more side branches. Of the 21 nominal Indo-Pacific species that have been described in Gnatholepis, only 5 are recognised as valid. G. anjerensis (Bleeker), for which a neotype is described, occurs from East Africa and the Red Sea to the Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia [synonyms include G. deltoides (Seale), G. knighti Jordan and Evermann, and G. corlettei (Herre)]. G. cauerensis (Bleeker) is provisionally divided into 4 subspecies, mainly by modal differences in pectoral-ray counts and slight colour variation: G.cauerensis cauerensis from East Africa to the Society Islands (G. scapulostigma Herre and G. inconsequens Whitley are synonyms); G. c. australis from Rarotonga, Cook Islands to the Pitcairn Islands; G. c. hawaiiensis from the Hawaiian Islands; and G. c. pascuensisfrom at Easter Island. G. davaoensis Seale, also provided with a neotype and description, ranges from the Ryukyu Islands to the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia (G. gemmus Herre is a synonym). G. gymnocara, n. sp., is described from 26 specimens from shallow water of Queensland and the Northern Territory, Australia; it is unique in having 12 anal-fin soft-rays, prepectoral scales, no scales on cheek and opercle, median predorsal zone naked or with only a few small scales across its anterior part, and a large black spot on fourth interspinous membrane of dorsal fin in males. Gnatholepis sp., also a new species from northern Australia, will be described by Helen K. Larson; it is distinct in having 10 dorsal soft-rays, 15-17 pectoral-fin rays, no scales on cheek, opercle, median predorsal zone, or prepectoral area; and the last 2 to 4 mid-lateral blotches of the male dark brown to black. The count of pectoral-fin rays is the most useful meristic character to separate the species and subspecies of Gnatholepis: G. anjerensis, with 14-17 rays, has a strongly modal count of 16; G. cauerensis cauerensis and G. c. hawaiiensis have 16-19 rays (strongly modal 17); G. c. australis has 17-19 rays (modally 18); G. c. pascuensis has 18 or 19 rays, modally 19; G. davaoensis has 15-17 rays, modally 17. , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Randall, John E, 1924- , Greenfield, David W
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15022 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019863 , ISSN 0073-4381 , Ichthyological Bulletin J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 69
- Description: The gobiid fish genus Gnatholepis Bleeker is characterised as follows: dorsal-fin rays VI+I,10-12, the spines slender, none filamentous; anal-fin rays I,11-12; pectoral-fin rays 14-19, none free of membrane; pelvic disc with a frenum; scales on body largely ctenoid, 28-31 in longitudinal series; gill-rakers short, 1 + 3-4; anterior interorbital pores 2; sensory papillae on cheek primarily in a pattern of 4 or 5 vertical rows; body moderately elongate, the depth 3.8-5.4 in SL; head and body compressed; dorsal profile of head initially near-vertical, often with a slight anterior protuberance above upper lip; lower lip with a ventral flap on side of jaw; mouth inferior, the gape slightly oblique; teeth anteriorly in jaws in several rows, the outer row in upper jaw as slender well spaced canines (outer row of teeth at front of lower jaw may or may not be caniniform); tongue bilobed; gill opening ending slightly below level of lower edge of pectoral-fin base; caudal fin rounded, usually longer than head; a dark line extending ventrally from eye, sometimes with one or more side branches. Of the 21 nominal Indo-Pacific species that have been described in Gnatholepis, only 5 are recognised as valid. G. anjerensis (Bleeker), for which a neotype is described, occurs from East Africa and the Red Sea to the Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia [synonyms include G. deltoides (Seale), G. knighti Jordan and Evermann, and G. corlettei (Herre)]. G. cauerensis (Bleeker) is provisionally divided into 4 subspecies, mainly by modal differences in pectoral-ray counts and slight colour variation: G.cauerensis cauerensis from East Africa to the Society Islands (G. scapulostigma Herre and G. inconsequens Whitley are synonyms); G. c. australis from Rarotonga, Cook Islands to the Pitcairn Islands; G. c. hawaiiensis from the Hawaiian Islands; and G. c. pascuensisfrom at Easter Island. G. davaoensis Seale, also provided with a neotype and description, ranges from the Ryukyu Islands to the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia (G. gemmus Herre is a synonym). G. gymnocara, n. sp., is described from 26 specimens from shallow water of Queensland and the Northern Territory, Australia; it is unique in having 12 anal-fin soft-rays, prepectoral scales, no scales on cheek and opercle, median predorsal zone naked or with only a few small scales across its anterior part, and a large black spot on fourth interspinous membrane of dorsal fin in males. Gnatholepis sp., also a new species from northern Australia, will be described by Helen K. Larson; it is distinct in having 10 dorsal soft-rays, 15-17 pectoral-fin rays, no scales on cheek, opercle, median predorsal zone, or prepectoral area; and the last 2 to 4 mid-lateral blotches of the male dark brown to black. The count of pectoral-fin rays is the most useful meristic character to separate the species and subspecies of Gnatholepis: G. anjerensis, with 14-17 rays, has a strongly modal count of 16; G. cauerensis cauerensis and G. c. hawaiiensis have 16-19 rays (strongly modal 17); G. c. australis has 17-19 rays (modally 18); G. c. pascuensis has 18 or 19 rays, modally 19; G. davaoensis has 15-17 rays, modally 17. , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A qualitative study of intimate femicide : the perpetrator's perspective
- Authors: Macdougall, Lorraine
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Family violence -- South Africa , Violence -- Prevention -- Study and teaching , Family violence -- Prevention , Family violence -- Treatment , Criminals -- Counseling of , Murder -- South Africa , Murderers -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:700 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006451 , Family violence -- South Africa , Violence -- Prevention -- Study and teaching , Family violence -- Prevention , Family violence -- Treatment , Criminals -- Counseling of , Murder -- South Africa , Murderers -- South Africa
- Description: This research study focused on five perpetrators’ experience and understanding of intimate femicide with the hope to develop insight into their experience and view of the crime. A secondary objective of the study was to assess the suitability of a community-based sentence for the crime committed. This study is believed to be a valuable contribution to the limited literature and research currently available on intimate femicide in South Africa. It appears to be the only South African study which focuses on the perpetrator’s experience and understanding of the crime. A major finding of this study is the perpetrator’s inability or unwillingness to take responsibility for the crime he committed and the projection of blame for the crime onto the victim. The perpetrators justified and/or rationalized the crime and appeared not to feel any remorse for the death of their intimate partner. The perpetrators were also unable to acknowledge or identify the negative effects of the crime on their children. Regarding the suitability of correctional supervision as a sentence option for perpetrators of intimate femicide this study questions the punitive and rehabilitative aspects of correctional supervision, as their was a lack of compliance with the sentence conditions (house arrest, community service, monitoring). Counselling appeared to only be offered on request or not at all. There are no anger management programmes offered or any reconstructive services for the child survivors of intimate femicide. This study ends with recommendations for counselling and groupwork programmes in the prevention and treatment of intimate femicide, strategies for the Criminal Jusice System and Department of Correctional Services, and with suggestions of areas for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Macdougall, Lorraine
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Family violence -- South Africa , Violence -- Prevention -- Study and teaching , Family violence -- Prevention , Family violence -- Treatment , Criminals -- Counseling of , Murder -- South Africa , Murderers -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:700 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006451 , Family violence -- South Africa , Violence -- Prevention -- Study and teaching , Family violence -- Prevention , Family violence -- Treatment , Criminals -- Counseling of , Murder -- South Africa , Murderers -- South Africa
- Description: This research study focused on five perpetrators’ experience and understanding of intimate femicide with the hope to develop insight into their experience and view of the crime. A secondary objective of the study was to assess the suitability of a community-based sentence for the crime committed. This study is believed to be a valuable contribution to the limited literature and research currently available on intimate femicide in South Africa. It appears to be the only South African study which focuses on the perpetrator’s experience and understanding of the crime. A major finding of this study is the perpetrator’s inability or unwillingness to take responsibility for the crime he committed and the projection of blame for the crime onto the victim. The perpetrators justified and/or rationalized the crime and appeared not to feel any remorse for the death of their intimate partner. The perpetrators were also unable to acknowledge or identify the negative effects of the crime on their children. Regarding the suitability of correctional supervision as a sentence option for perpetrators of intimate femicide this study questions the punitive and rehabilitative aspects of correctional supervision, as their was a lack of compliance with the sentence conditions (house arrest, community service, monitoring). Counselling appeared to only be offered on request or not at all. There are no anger management programmes offered or any reconstructive services for the child survivors of intimate femicide. This study ends with recommendations for counselling and groupwork programmes in the prevention and treatment of intimate femicide, strategies for the Criminal Jusice System and Department of Correctional Services, and with suggestions of areas for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A scientific note on the natural merger of two honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera capensis)
- Neumann, Peter, Pirk, Christian W W, Hepburn, H Randall, Radloff, Sarah E
- Authors: Neumann, Peter , Pirk, Christian W W , Hepburn, H Randall , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6912 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011875
- Description: Natural mergers of honeybee colonies are commonplace in tropical Africa (Hepburn and Radloff, 1998), but their consequences on organizational structure are unknown. Here we determine the spatial distribution and division of labor of workers (Apis mellifera capensis Esch.) following a merger of two colonies. Two unrelated colonies (each ~3000 bees) were placed in threeframe observation hives. When workers emerged from the sealed brood of each colony, they were individually labeled and reintroduced into their respective mother hives. They are referred to as cohorts Aand B, each comprising 300 workers of the same age. The behaviors and positions of all labeled workers and queens were recorded twice daily for 24 days (Kolmes, 1989; Pirk et al., 2000). On day 14 colony B was dequeened, left its nest and merged with colony A on day 15.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Neumann, Peter , Pirk, Christian W W , Hepburn, H Randall , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6912 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011875
- Description: Natural mergers of honeybee colonies are commonplace in tropical Africa (Hepburn and Radloff, 1998), but their consequences on organizational structure are unknown. Here we determine the spatial distribution and division of labor of workers (Apis mellifera capensis Esch.) following a merger of two colonies. Two unrelated colonies (each ~3000 bees) were placed in threeframe observation hives. When workers emerged from the sealed brood of each colony, they were individually labeled and reintroduced into their respective mother hives. They are referred to as cohorts Aand B, each comprising 300 workers of the same age. The behaviors and positions of all labeled workers and queens were recorded twice daily for 24 days (Kolmes, 1989; Pirk et al., 2000). On day 14 colony B was dequeened, left its nest and merged with colony A on day 15.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A sensitive and reliable method for the detection of lipid peroxidation in biological tissues
- Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra, Walker, Roderick B, Daya, Santylal
- Authors: Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra , Walker, Roderick B , Daya, Santylal
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184325 , vital:44208 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357011775299"
- Description: A simple, accurate and cost effective method has been designed for the determination of lipid peroxidation in biological tissue samples. The method was a modification and improvement on existing methods available for lipid peroxidation determination. Solid-phase extraction was used to separate the thiobarbituric acid–malondialdehyde complex from thiobarbituric acidreactive substances and HPLC was performed using a C18 (Waters Spherisorb, 5 µm, 250¬4.6 mm i.d.) column to achieve isolation of the complex. The procedure was validated with respect to linearity of calibration (0.998), precision, sensitivity and limits of quantitation (1 nmol mL−1) and detection (0.5 nmol mL−1). Resorcinol was used as an external standard. The method was tested by inducing free radical generation with a known free radical generator, quinolinic acid, in rat brain homogenate. The results showed that the method presented allowed detection of lipid peroxidation products at concentrations in the nanomolar (nM) range compared with the micromolar (µM) range detected by other methods, thus rendering it suitable for use with biological samples. In addition, the modified method allowed for detection of the purified lipid peroxidation products, thus eliminating the possibility of simultaneous detection of impurities that absorb at the same wavelength.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra , Walker, Roderick B , Daya, Santylal
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/184325 , vital:44208 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357011775299"
- Description: A simple, accurate and cost effective method has been designed for the determination of lipid peroxidation in biological tissue samples. The method was a modification and improvement on existing methods available for lipid peroxidation determination. Solid-phase extraction was used to separate the thiobarbituric acid–malondialdehyde complex from thiobarbituric acidreactive substances and HPLC was performed using a C18 (Waters Spherisorb, 5 µm, 250¬4.6 mm i.d.) column to achieve isolation of the complex. The procedure was validated with respect to linearity of calibration (0.998), precision, sensitivity and limits of quantitation (1 nmol mL−1) and detection (0.5 nmol mL−1). Resorcinol was used as an external standard. The method was tested by inducing free radical generation with a known free radical generator, quinolinic acid, in rat brain homogenate. The results showed that the method presented allowed detection of lipid peroxidation products at concentrations in the nanomolar (nM) range compared with the micromolar (µM) range detected by other methods, thus rendering it suitable for use with biological samples. In addition, the modified method allowed for detection of the purified lipid peroxidation products, thus eliminating the possibility of simultaneous detection of impurities that absorb at the same wavelength.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A short history of the Cathedral bells
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6170 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012360
- Description: [From Introduction] The first suggestion that there should be a peal of bells in the town appears to have been made around August 1860 when Prince Altred laid the foundation stone of the Alfred Tower. Designed by Joseph Flashman, a local architect, it was to be "in the early English style of architecture, 150 n high'' and to contain a public clock and a peal of bells. The following year, the Vestry asked I3p Cotterill to contact George Gilbert Scott, a highly regarded architect in England, "for the remodelling of the Cathedral in keeping with the Alfred Tower." , Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Lewis, Colin A
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6170 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012360
- Description: [From Introduction] The first suggestion that there should be a peal of bells in the town appears to have been made around August 1860 when Prince Altred laid the foundation stone of the Alfred Tower. Designed by Joseph Flashman, a local architect, it was to be "in the early English style of architecture, 150 n high'' and to contain a public clock and a peal of bells. The following year, the Vestry asked I3p Cotterill to contact George Gilbert Scott, a highly regarded architect in England, "for the remodelling of the Cathedral in keeping with the Alfred Tower." , Colin Lewis was Professor of Geography at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa from 1989 until his retirement at the end of 2007. In 1990, with the strong support of the incumbent Vice-Chancellor, Dr Derek Henderson, he instigated the Certificate in Change Ringing (Church Bell Ringing) in the Rhodes University Department of Music and Musicology - the first such course to be offered in Africa. Since that date he has lectured in the basic theory, and taught the practice of change ringing. He is the Ringing Master of the Cathedral of St Michael and St George, Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A study of affirmative action policies practised by members of the East Cape Master Builders and Allied Industries Association
- Authors: Katz, Joel
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10946 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011326 , Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Description: The research problem addressed in this study, was to determine what affirmative action policies are being practiced by members of the East Cape Master Builders and Allied Industries Association. To achieve this objective, a literature study was conducted to cite and evaluate relevant literature, in the process of presenting the most theoretical and methodological rationale for the research. The empirical results obtained, indicate that most companies have implemented affirmative action policies. In conclusion, various recommendations have been made with regard to the findings ascertained in the empirical study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Katz, Joel
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10946 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011326 , Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
- Description: The research problem addressed in this study, was to determine what affirmative action policies are being practiced by members of the East Cape Master Builders and Allied Industries Association. To achieve this objective, a literature study was conducted to cite and evaluate relevant literature, in the process of presenting the most theoretical and methodological rationale for the research. The empirical results obtained, indicate that most companies have implemented affirmative action policies. In conclusion, various recommendations have been made with regard to the findings ascertained in the empirical study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A study of carbonate-rich brines from Sua Pan to characterize organic contaminants in the soda ash process
- Authors: Joseph, Manjusha
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sua Pan Soda Ash Project -- Botswana , Sodium carbonate -- Research , Biotic communities , Organic compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4031 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004091 , Sua Pan Soda Ash Project -- Botswana , Sodium carbonate -- Research , Biotic communities , Organic compounds
- Description: Botswana Ash (Pty) Ltd which is situated in Sua Pan, north east Bostwana, is one of Africa's largest suppliers of salt and soda ash. For a number of years, the company has been experiencing problems which have resulted in the final soda ash product being contaminated and discoloured. The problems experienced at Sua Pan have been reported also to occur in other salt works all over the world. It has been suggested that contamination in many salt works could be possibly be due to the microbial activity by halophilic algae and bacteria that grow in the solar ponds. This study was undertaken to investigate the nature of the contaminating organic compounds present in the brine, to identify the compounds, and to establish how these components vary during the various stages of the soda ash processing. For this study, two sets of brine samples were used; the first set was collected before the summer rains and the second set was collected after the summer rains. Solid bicarbonate and soda ash samples were also used. Extractions, desalting, UV and HPLC analysis and oxidative biotransformations using four enzymes, were used for developing profiles and characterizing the brine components. From these studies, we were able to confirm that the components of the brine are organic in nature. A thorough study of one of the compounds isolated,from solid bicarbonate and soda ash was conducted using UV, HPLC, IR, NMR, HPLC-MS, GC-MS and TLC. The results of these analyses, show that the. isolated compound was benzyl butyl phthalate which is generally regarded to be humic in nature. This compound was found to be present in all the brine samples collected after the summer rains including the well brine, suggesting this compound occurs naturally and is not formed during the processing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Joseph, Manjusha
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Sua Pan Soda Ash Project -- Botswana , Sodium carbonate -- Research , Biotic communities , Organic compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4031 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004091 , Sua Pan Soda Ash Project -- Botswana , Sodium carbonate -- Research , Biotic communities , Organic compounds
- Description: Botswana Ash (Pty) Ltd which is situated in Sua Pan, north east Bostwana, is one of Africa's largest suppliers of salt and soda ash. For a number of years, the company has been experiencing problems which have resulted in the final soda ash product being contaminated and discoloured. The problems experienced at Sua Pan have been reported also to occur in other salt works all over the world. It has been suggested that contamination in many salt works could be possibly be due to the microbial activity by halophilic algae and bacteria that grow in the solar ponds. This study was undertaken to investigate the nature of the contaminating organic compounds present in the brine, to identify the compounds, and to establish how these components vary during the various stages of the soda ash processing. For this study, two sets of brine samples were used; the first set was collected before the summer rains and the second set was collected after the summer rains. Solid bicarbonate and soda ash samples were also used. Extractions, desalting, UV and HPLC analysis and oxidative biotransformations using four enzymes, were used for developing profiles and characterizing the brine components. From these studies, we were able to confirm that the components of the brine are organic in nature. A thorough study of one of the compounds isolated,from solid bicarbonate and soda ash was conducted using UV, HPLC, IR, NMR, HPLC-MS, GC-MS and TLC. The results of these analyses, show that the. isolated compound was benzyl butyl phthalate which is generally regarded to be humic in nature. This compound was found to be present in all the brine samples collected after the summer rains including the well brine, suggesting this compound occurs naturally and is not formed during the processing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A survey of selected Eastern Cape estuaries with particular reference to the ichthyofauna
- Vorwerk, Paul D, Whitfield, Alan K, Cowley, Paul D, Paterson, Angus W
- Authors: Vorwerk, Paul D , Whitfield, Alan K , Cowley, Paul D , Paterson, Angus W
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15032 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019908 , ISSN 0073-4381 , Ichthyological Bulletin J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 72
- Description: The physical environment and ichthyofauna of 10 estuaries, the East Kleinemonde, Klein Palmiet, Great Fish, Mtati, Mpekweni, Mgwalana, Bira, Gqutywa, Ngculura and Keiskamma, was sampled over a four year period. The ichthyofauna of each estuary was sampled once during winter and once during summer in that period, with the physical environment being sampled on two occasions per season. This investigation provides baseline ichthyofaunal and physical information for these estuaries, the majority of which have never been studied before. The fish data presented for these systems includes species composition, relative abundance, richness and diversity, longitudinal distributions and length frequency data. Descriptions of the physical environment within each estuary are also presented. The permanently open estuaries had a greater proportion of marine and freshwater species relative to the temporarily open/closed systems which were dominated by marine species dependent on estuaries and estuarine resident species. The permanently open estuaries had a higher Margalef's species richness index relative to the temporarily open/closed systems but the Shannon-Wiener species diversity index did not follow any discernible trend. There were minor longitudinal distribution trends when analysing the community as a whole, with patterns for individual species being more pronounced. The length frequency histograms for estuarine resident species differed between estuary types, while those for the marine migrant species were similar in the different estuary types.\ , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Vorwerk, Paul D , Whitfield, Alan K , Cowley, Paul D , Paterson, Angus W
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15032 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019908 , ISSN 0073-4381 , Ichthyological Bulletin J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 72
- Description: The physical environment and ichthyofauna of 10 estuaries, the East Kleinemonde, Klein Palmiet, Great Fish, Mtati, Mpekweni, Mgwalana, Bira, Gqutywa, Ngculura and Keiskamma, was sampled over a four year period. The ichthyofauna of each estuary was sampled once during winter and once during summer in that period, with the physical environment being sampled on two occasions per season. This investigation provides baseline ichthyofaunal and physical information for these estuaries, the majority of which have never been studied before. The fish data presented for these systems includes species composition, relative abundance, richness and diversity, longitudinal distributions and length frequency data. Descriptions of the physical environment within each estuary are also presented. The permanently open estuaries had a greater proportion of marine and freshwater species relative to the temporarily open/closed systems which were dominated by marine species dependent on estuaries and estuarine resident species. The permanently open estuaries had a higher Margalef's species richness index relative to the temporarily open/closed systems but the Shannon-Wiener species diversity index did not follow any discernible trend. There were minor longitudinal distribution trends when analysing the community as a whole, with patterns for individual species being more pronounced. The length frequency histograms for estuarine resident species differed between estuary types, while those for the marine migrant species were similar in the different estuary types.\ , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A taxonomic revision of the shallow-water species of the genera Lethrinops, Tramitichromis and Taeniolethrinops (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa (East Africa)
- Authors: Ngatunga, Benjamin Peter
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5347 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007443
- Description: In order for the SADC/GEF Lake Malawi/Nyasa Biodiversity Conservation Project to draw out sound strategic management and conservation recommendations to the riparian countries of Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania, the need and urgency for revising the taxonomy of some of the scientifically and economically important fish groups was accorded high priority. This study is a contribution towards achieving those goals. It is a taxonomic revision of the shallow-water species of the genera Taenioiethrinops, Tramitichromis and Lethrinops. These three genera are grouped as Lethrinops 'sensu lato' in this thesis, corresponding to the definition of Lethrinops prior to the revision by Eccles & Trewavas (1989). All members have a characteristic dentition: the outer teeth in the lower jaw curve inwards posteriorly ending just behind the inner row(s), rather than continuing backwards as a single series, as in most other Malawian haplochromines. The decision to consider shallow-water Lethrinops 'sensu lato' separately from the deepwater ones was not arbitrary, but rather based on available ecological and morphological evidence. Unanticipatedly, on the course of this study, evidence from molecular genetics has helped to strengthen the distinction. Economically, Lethrinops is important for human food and for the aquarium trade. Lethrinops are precocial fish producing very few young at a time and are consequently unlikely to recover quickly from heavy fishing pressure. To evolutionary biologists, Lethrinops 'sensu lato' is challenging because until now most theories about the evolution of Lake Malawi cichlids have not taken the sand-dwelling fishes fully into consideration. A better knowledge of the distribution patterns of these cichlids, of which Lethrinops are the major representatives, can help in explaining the underlying mechanisms of speciation in sand-dwelling cichlids. Lethrinops 'sensu lato' is taxonomically one of the most complex groups of Lake MalawilNyasa haplochromines. The species are closely related and very difficult to differentiate, and the taxonomy is confused and in urgent need of revision. This is more important since taxonomy plays an important role in most of the key criteria of conservation.The principal objective of this study was to carry out a taxonomic revision of this group and to provide a key to the identification of the species. Further objectives include the mapping of their distribution and analysing their phylogenetic relationships. Large samples were collected (by trawling, gill netting, beach seining and purchased from local fishermen) from depths less than 20m and from numerous well-defined localities all around the lake. Seventeen type specimens of the 21 described species of the shallow-water Lethrinops 'sensu lato' were examined and compared with this recently collected material. The data of about 500 fish specimens were subjected to principal component analyses (PCA). To further evaluate morphological differences between taxa of comparable size, non- parametric, distribution-free Mann-Whitney U-tests were used. Within the shallow-water Lethrinops 'sensu lato' three genera are recognized which can be separated by characters such as head shape, pharyngeal morphology and dentition, number and shape of gill-rakers, number of the pectoral fin rays and melanin pattern. So far in this study, 28 taxa have been recognized. The overlapping measurements and meristics compound the difficulty inherent in the identification and classification of members of the three genera. The genera Tramitichromis and Taeniolethrinops are typically shallow- water taxa. Within the genus Taeniolethrinops four described species, (T. cyrtonotus, T.forcicauda, T. laticeps and T. praeorbitalis) were distinguished. Within the genus Tramitichromis nine species were distinguished, five of which are described (T. brevis, T. intermedius, T. lituris, T. trilineata and T. variabilis); four represent undescribed species and are given a working name (T. sp. 'brevis 2', T. sp. 'maculae', T. sp. 'pharyngeals' and T. sp. 'variabilis deep'). For convenience, the shallow water Lethrinops 'sensu stricto' were divided into three natural groups, according to shared morphological features. • The first group is the lethrinus group, including three species (L. lunaris, L. leptodon and L. lethrinus) with relatively lolong snouts and remnants of the horizontal stripes. • Another group included eight taxa (L. microstoma, L. macrophthalmus, L. macrochir, L. auritus, L. parvidens, L. sp. 'parvidens deep', L. 'black dorsal auritus', L. sp. 'domira blotch' and L. sp. 'turneri') with a relatively short snout and a small mouth set low on the profile. Within this group, special attention has been paid to the confusion involving L. auritus and a new species to be described soon, L. sp. 'turneri' . • The last group of Lethrinops 'sensu stricto' is ill defmed and has an intermediate snout and with a lesser round head. Within this group L. oculatus, which was described on the basis of a single specimen, is synonymised with L. marginatus. The other valid species of this group are Lethrinops albus and L.furcifer. Nearly all species seem to have a lake-wide distribution. All are associated with sandy substrata where they feed mainly on insect larvae and ostracods. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data indicate that Lethrinops 'sensu lato' as currently defmed is not monophyletic but is paraphyletic or more probably polyphyletic. It is further suggested that the typical Lethrinops dentition provides no particular strong evidence for affimity among shallow-water Lethrinops s.s., Tramitichromis and Taeniolethrinops. The need for management and conservation of this scientifically exciting group of fishes has been pointed out.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Ngatunga, Benjamin Peter
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5347 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007443
- Description: In order for the SADC/GEF Lake Malawi/Nyasa Biodiversity Conservation Project to draw out sound strategic management and conservation recommendations to the riparian countries of Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania, the need and urgency for revising the taxonomy of some of the scientifically and economically important fish groups was accorded high priority. This study is a contribution towards achieving those goals. It is a taxonomic revision of the shallow-water species of the genera Taenioiethrinops, Tramitichromis and Lethrinops. These three genera are grouped as Lethrinops 'sensu lato' in this thesis, corresponding to the definition of Lethrinops prior to the revision by Eccles & Trewavas (1989). All members have a characteristic dentition: the outer teeth in the lower jaw curve inwards posteriorly ending just behind the inner row(s), rather than continuing backwards as a single series, as in most other Malawian haplochromines. The decision to consider shallow-water Lethrinops 'sensu lato' separately from the deepwater ones was not arbitrary, but rather based on available ecological and morphological evidence. Unanticipatedly, on the course of this study, evidence from molecular genetics has helped to strengthen the distinction. Economically, Lethrinops is important for human food and for the aquarium trade. Lethrinops are precocial fish producing very few young at a time and are consequently unlikely to recover quickly from heavy fishing pressure. To evolutionary biologists, Lethrinops 'sensu lato' is challenging because until now most theories about the evolution of Lake Malawi cichlids have not taken the sand-dwelling fishes fully into consideration. A better knowledge of the distribution patterns of these cichlids, of which Lethrinops are the major representatives, can help in explaining the underlying mechanisms of speciation in sand-dwelling cichlids. Lethrinops 'sensu lato' is taxonomically one of the most complex groups of Lake MalawilNyasa haplochromines. The species are closely related and very difficult to differentiate, and the taxonomy is confused and in urgent need of revision. This is more important since taxonomy plays an important role in most of the key criteria of conservation.The principal objective of this study was to carry out a taxonomic revision of this group and to provide a key to the identification of the species. Further objectives include the mapping of their distribution and analysing their phylogenetic relationships. Large samples were collected (by trawling, gill netting, beach seining and purchased from local fishermen) from depths less than 20m and from numerous well-defined localities all around the lake. Seventeen type specimens of the 21 described species of the shallow-water Lethrinops 'sensu lato' were examined and compared with this recently collected material. The data of about 500 fish specimens were subjected to principal component analyses (PCA). To further evaluate morphological differences between taxa of comparable size, non- parametric, distribution-free Mann-Whitney U-tests were used. Within the shallow-water Lethrinops 'sensu lato' three genera are recognized which can be separated by characters such as head shape, pharyngeal morphology and dentition, number and shape of gill-rakers, number of the pectoral fin rays and melanin pattern. So far in this study, 28 taxa have been recognized. The overlapping measurements and meristics compound the difficulty inherent in the identification and classification of members of the three genera. The genera Tramitichromis and Taeniolethrinops are typically shallow- water taxa. Within the genus Taeniolethrinops four described species, (T. cyrtonotus, T.forcicauda, T. laticeps and T. praeorbitalis) were distinguished. Within the genus Tramitichromis nine species were distinguished, five of which are described (T. brevis, T. intermedius, T. lituris, T. trilineata and T. variabilis); four represent undescribed species and are given a working name (T. sp. 'brevis 2', T. sp. 'maculae', T. sp. 'pharyngeals' and T. sp. 'variabilis deep'). For convenience, the shallow water Lethrinops 'sensu stricto' were divided into three natural groups, according to shared morphological features. • The first group is the lethrinus group, including three species (L. lunaris, L. leptodon and L. lethrinus) with relatively lolong snouts and remnants of the horizontal stripes. • Another group included eight taxa (L. microstoma, L. macrophthalmus, L. macrochir, L. auritus, L. parvidens, L. sp. 'parvidens deep', L. 'black dorsal auritus', L. sp. 'domira blotch' and L. sp. 'turneri') with a relatively short snout and a small mouth set low on the profile. Within this group, special attention has been paid to the confusion involving L. auritus and a new species to be described soon, L. sp. 'turneri' . • The last group of Lethrinops 'sensu stricto' is ill defmed and has an intermediate snout and with a lesser round head. Within this group L. oculatus, which was described on the basis of a single specimen, is synonymised with L. marginatus. The other valid species of this group are Lethrinops albus and L.furcifer. Nearly all species seem to have a lake-wide distribution. All are associated with sandy substrata where they feed mainly on insect larvae and ostracods. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data indicate that Lethrinops 'sensu lato' as currently defmed is not monophyletic but is paraphyletic or more probably polyphyletic. It is further suggested that the typical Lethrinops dentition provides no particular strong evidence for affimity among shallow-water Lethrinops s.s., Tramitichromis and Taeniolethrinops. The need for management and conservation of this scientifically exciting group of fishes has been pointed out.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
A Zulu martyr? What are the factors that led to the sparse and irregular public commemoration of Maqbamusela Kbanyile in the Lutheran church to which he belonged?
- Nürnberger, Margarete Paula Luise
- Authors: Nürnberger, Margarete Paula Luise
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:21087 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6301
- Description: From Foreword: About a fortnight after I had submitted the thesis on factors that lead to the sparse and irregular public commemoration of Maqhamusela Khanyile in the Lutheran church to which he belonged when the archivist of the Norwegian Mission Society in Stavanger sent an e-mail that new material had been found. It consisted of a miscellany of various documents connected with the erection of the first cross, dating from 1926-1940, to be found in Misjonskapets archiv SA, boks nr. 2A legg nr. 8. The new material falsified two hypotheses on which the thesis had worked. The first of these hypotheses states that the initiative for the erection of the first monument to Maqhamusela had come from the Anglican interest in and research on him in 1935. Source 1a in the new material proves that in 1926 there were already appeals for contributions towards such a monument among the Lutheran congregations that grew out of the Norwegian work. The second hypothesis falsified by the new material had issued from memories of interviewees (e.g. Dean Shobete in interview 33) which stated that a stone with the Zulu inscription had been placed in the saddle of the hill where the execution had taken place before the erection of the first cross. The new material proves that the suggestion for a marble plate dates from 1927 (source 2a) and that the slab was eventually ordered in October 1939. A receipt (document 10) for "making the Maqhamusela monument" is dated 11.5.1940. Altogether, then, there was earlier commemoration of Maqhamusela in the church of which he was a member than the thesis had found, and the impetus to erect a monument had come from White and some black Norwegian Lutherans themselves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Nürnberger, Margarete Paula Luise
- Date: 2001
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:21087 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6301
- Description: From Foreword: About a fortnight after I had submitted the thesis on factors that lead to the sparse and irregular public commemoration of Maqhamusela Khanyile in the Lutheran church to which he belonged when the archivist of the Norwegian Mission Society in Stavanger sent an e-mail that new material had been found. It consisted of a miscellany of various documents connected with the erection of the first cross, dating from 1926-1940, to be found in Misjonskapets archiv SA, boks nr. 2A legg nr. 8. The new material falsified two hypotheses on which the thesis had worked. The first of these hypotheses states that the initiative for the erection of the first monument to Maqhamusela had come from the Anglican interest in and research on him in 1935. Source 1a in the new material proves that in 1926 there were already appeals for contributions towards such a monument among the Lutheran congregations that grew out of the Norwegian work. The second hypothesis falsified by the new material had issued from memories of interviewees (e.g. Dean Shobete in interview 33) which stated that a stone with the Zulu inscription had been placed in the saddle of the hill where the execution had taken place before the erection of the first cross. The new material proves that the suggestion for a marble plate dates from 1927 (source 2a) and that the slab was eventually ordered in October 1939. A receipt (document 10) for "making the Maqhamusela monument" is dated 11.5.1940. Altogether, then, there was earlier commemoration of Maqhamusela in the church of which he was a member than the thesis had found, and the impetus to erect a monument had come from White and some black Norwegian Lutherans themselves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Activate: 2001 - Tri-varsity 2001
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14371 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019243
- Description: Activate is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Activate was established in 1947 as Rhodeo, and during apartheid became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14371 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019243
- Description: Activate is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Activate was established in 1947 as Rhodeo, and during apartheid became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Active learning in schools
- Lotz-Sisitka, Heila, Timmermans, Ingrid
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Timmermans, Ingrid
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/389696 , vital:68475 , xlink:href="https://eeasa.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Bulletin_vol21-_Sep-2001.pdf"
- Description: The Rhodes University Environmental Education Unit has initiated a project to support school-based environmental education work in Grahamstown. In line with national environmental education policy, the project supports a focus on environmental learning in the context of the OBE curriculum, and provides professional development support to teachers implementing the project (NEEP, 2000). An action research evaluation is taking place to monitor key aspects of the project and a number of interim evaluation reports have been produced (Mbanjwa, 2001).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Timmermans, Ingrid
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/389696 , vital:68475 , xlink:href="https://eeasa.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Bulletin_vol21-_Sep-2001.pdf"
- Description: The Rhodes University Environmental Education Unit has initiated a project to support school-based environmental education work in Grahamstown. In line with national environmental education policy, the project supports a focus on environmental learning in the context of the OBE curriculum, and provides professional development support to teachers implementing the project (NEEP, 2000). An action research evaluation is taking place to monitor key aspects of the project and a number of interim evaluation reports have been produced (Mbanjwa, 2001).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Africa as Renaissance: grotesque John Skelton's 1485 version of Diodorus Siculus
- Authors: Van Wyk Smith, Malvern
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/457446 , vital:75638 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA1011582X_161
- Description: Diodorus Siculus was a Sicilian Greek who round about the middle of the century before ChrISt'S birth began a mammoth history of the Mediterranean world that in its complete state of 40 books, mostly now lost, stretched from the legendary past down to Diodorus's own times. Of his Bibliotheca Historica, or Library of History, now only Books 1-5 and 11-20 survive, plus some fragments and paraphrases in other collections. The survival of the first five books, however, is particularly fortunate for my purposes, for this is the part in which Diodorus offers a seamless blend of legend and history to explain the origins of the peoples of the Mediterranean and adjacent parts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
- Authors: Van Wyk Smith, Malvern
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/457446 , vital:75638 , https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA1011582X_161
- Description: Diodorus Siculus was a Sicilian Greek who round about the middle of the century before ChrISt'S birth began a mammoth history of the Mediterranean world that in its complete state of 40 books, mostly now lost, stretched from the legendary past down to Diodorus's own times. Of his Bibliotheca Historica, or Library of History, now only Books 1-5 and 11-20 survive, plus some fragments and paraphrases in other collections. The survival of the first five books, however, is particularly fortunate for my purposes, for this is the part in which Diodorus offers a seamless blend of legend and history to explain the origins of the peoples of the Mediterranean and adjacent parts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Ambivalence and paradox : the battered woman's interactions with the law and other helping resources
- Authors: Labe, Dana
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Family violence -- Law and legislation , Abused women , Wife abuse , Women -- Crimes against , Women -- Counseling of , Family violence -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:699 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006424 , Family violence -- Law and legislation , Abused women , Wife abuse , Women -- Crimes against , Women -- Counseling of , Family violence -- Prevention
- Description: This thesis explores how the battered woman attachment to her abusive partner impacts on her interactions with the legal system and non-legal resources. This qualitative research project is based on in-depth interviews conducted with seven abused women who procured interdicts in terms of the Prevention of Family Violence Act 133 of 1993 to restrain their husbands from assaulting them. The research reviews the nature of abuse suffered by the participants, their psychological attachments to their husbands, and their patterns of help-seeking in relation to the law and non-legal resources. Two main theoretical frameworks, psychoanalysis and feminism inform this study. The study found that the participants retained unrealistic hopes that their husbands would reform and become loving, caring partners, and that they treated their husbands with care and sympathy despite their husbands’ often brutal behaviour towards them. The findings suggest that the women’s behaviour towards their husbands was the product of two reality distorting psychological defences, splitting and the moral defence which they used to preserve their attachments to their abusive partners. These defences intersected with rigid patriarchal prescriptions of femininity which dictate that women should be stoically caring towards their husbands, and should hold relationships together no matter what the cost to themselves. The participants interactions with the legal system and with non-legal sources of help were structured by their reliance on splitting and the moral defence, and by the dictates of patriarchal ideology. Whilst it is undoubtedly true that at one level the participants sought help to get protection from abuse, the study shows that their help-seeking was motivated by their conflicting desires to punish and reform their husbands. The participants sought help in ways which enabled them to strike a compromise between expressing their anger at their husbands, whilst simultaneously preserving their psychological attachments to them. The study concludes that the women’s interactions with the law and with other helping resource reflect their attempts to preserve their paradoxical attachments to their husbands, and to stabilise their own fragile sense of self and gender identity
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001
Ambivalence and paradox : the battered woman's interactions with the law and other helping resources
- Authors: Labe, Dana
- Date: 2001
- Subjects: Family violence -- Law and legislation , Abused women , Wife abuse , Women -- Crimes against , Women -- Counseling of , Family violence -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: vital:699 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006424 , Family violence -- Law and legislation , Abused women , Wife abuse , Women -- Crimes against , Women -- Counseling of , Family violence -- Prevention
- Description: This thesis explores how the battered woman attachment to her abusive partner impacts on her interactions with the legal system and non-legal resources. This qualitative research project is based on in-depth interviews conducted with seven abused women who procured interdicts in terms of the Prevention of Family Violence Act 133 of 1993 to restrain their husbands from assaulting them. The research reviews the nature of abuse suffered by the participants, their psychological attachments to their husbands, and their patterns of help-seeking in relation to the law and non-legal resources. Two main theoretical frameworks, psychoanalysis and feminism inform this study. The study found that the participants retained unrealistic hopes that their husbands would reform and become loving, caring partners, and that they treated their husbands with care and sympathy despite their husbands’ often brutal behaviour towards them. The findings suggest that the women’s behaviour towards their husbands was the product of two reality distorting psychological defences, splitting and the moral defence which they used to preserve their attachments to their abusive partners. These defences intersected with rigid patriarchal prescriptions of femininity which dictate that women should be stoically caring towards their husbands, and should hold relationships together no matter what the cost to themselves. The participants interactions with the legal system and with non-legal sources of help were structured by their reliance on splitting and the moral defence, and by the dictates of patriarchal ideology. Whilst it is undoubtedly true that at one level the participants sought help to get protection from abuse, the study shows that their help-seeking was motivated by their conflicting desires to punish and reform their husbands. The participants sought help in ways which enabled them to strike a compromise between expressing their anger at their husbands, whilst simultaneously preserving their psychological attachments to them. The study concludes that the women’s interactions with the law and with other helping resource reflect their attempts to preserve their paradoxical attachments to their husbands, and to stabilise their own fragile sense of self and gender identity
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2001