Manager’s Adoption of New Smart Retail Technology at Clicks Group
- Authors: Mdoda, Athenkosi Sindile
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Stores, Retail--Electric equipment , Stores, Retail
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57906 , vital:58402
- Description: SRT is the interactive retail system that offers retail services to customers via a network of smart or intelligent objects and devices that can sense the environment and engage in real-time data collection, communication, interaction and feedback and it can be integrated to the physical stores. The fourth industrial revolution is driving companies across the globe to familiarize themselves with technology and to innovate. Retail industry has been at the forefront of innovation, amongst other industries with the goal of driving efficiency, cost reduction, relevance, profitability, customer retention and a quest to remain competitive. South African companies are not any different as this innovation has seen technology transformation move into brick-and-mortar stores and the online market. The key factor of innovation in retail is the smart retail technology (SRT). The adoption of technology is imperative so that organisations not only develop policies but are able to gain value and achieve the desired outcomes. The adoption of technology operates as means to allow management to actively contribute in an environment of continued innovation with strategic benefits, therefore, indicating the significance and value of understanding the perspective of technology adoption and shape organisational strategy and its practices. Managers are key drivers of adoption and their actions significantly contribute to achieving an alignment between the company and external environment. The primary objective of this study is to explore the perceptions and attitudes of lower to middle level managers towards technology adoption at Clicks stores in South Africa. This study is specifically focused on managers’ adoption of smart retail technology at Clicks by analysing factors such as facilitating conditions, institutional culture, demographics, knowledge, manager’s attitudes (SRT ease of use) and managers attitudes (SRT benefits) as dependent factors and SRT adoption as an independent factor. An empirical study consisting of an online survey (QuestionPro) was conducted with 211 employees who work for Clicks in South Africa. The data was then analysed using STATISTICA with help from a statistician and the results presented in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics. The key findings from this study indicated that institutional culture influencing SRT adoption, manager’s knowledge about SRT and store manager as a designation, all have an influence on manager adoption of SRT at iv Clicks. Recommendations were made to management on what steps can be taken to drive SRT adoption at Clicks. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mdoda, Athenkosi Sindile
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Stores, Retail--Electric equipment , Stores, Retail
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57906 , vital:58402
- Description: SRT is the interactive retail system that offers retail services to customers via a network of smart or intelligent objects and devices that can sense the environment and engage in real-time data collection, communication, interaction and feedback and it can be integrated to the physical stores. The fourth industrial revolution is driving companies across the globe to familiarize themselves with technology and to innovate. Retail industry has been at the forefront of innovation, amongst other industries with the goal of driving efficiency, cost reduction, relevance, profitability, customer retention and a quest to remain competitive. South African companies are not any different as this innovation has seen technology transformation move into brick-and-mortar stores and the online market. The key factor of innovation in retail is the smart retail technology (SRT). The adoption of technology is imperative so that organisations not only develop policies but are able to gain value and achieve the desired outcomes. The adoption of technology operates as means to allow management to actively contribute in an environment of continued innovation with strategic benefits, therefore, indicating the significance and value of understanding the perspective of technology adoption and shape organisational strategy and its practices. Managers are key drivers of adoption and their actions significantly contribute to achieving an alignment between the company and external environment. The primary objective of this study is to explore the perceptions and attitudes of lower to middle level managers towards technology adoption at Clicks stores in South Africa. This study is specifically focused on managers’ adoption of smart retail technology at Clicks by analysing factors such as facilitating conditions, institutional culture, demographics, knowledge, manager’s attitudes (SRT ease of use) and managers attitudes (SRT benefits) as dependent factors and SRT adoption as an independent factor. An empirical study consisting of an online survey (QuestionPro) was conducted with 211 employees who work for Clicks in South Africa. The data was then analysed using STATISTICA with help from a statistician and the results presented in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics. The key findings from this study indicated that institutional culture influencing SRT adoption, manager’s knowledge about SRT and store manager as a designation, all have an influence on manager adoption of SRT at iv Clicks. Recommendations were made to management on what steps can be taken to drive SRT adoption at Clicks. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Health and safety hazards and risks in the construction industry
- Authors: Mdyogolo, Zukiswa Caroline
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Industrial safety , Work environment -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58407 , vital:59111
- Description: Globally, the construction industry is infamous for a high level of fatalities. Construction sites are a very important place, as a considerable number of workers are involved in the construction process and activities, and H&S is critical to reduce hazards and the risk of being injured at work. The aim of the study was to evolve a framework of interventions to mitigate hazards, diseases, illnesses, injuries, fatalities, stress, and absenteeism in the construction industry. The objectives were to determine: why workers become ill due to construction and the implications; the causes of stress among construction workers, and worker absenteeism; what injuries workers experience, and the causes of fatalities, and if the current control measures are sufficient or whether more can be done. The research process commenced with a literature review relative to hazards and risks in the construction industry. A quantitative study was conducted among civil engineers, site supervisors, and construction H&S officers (CHSOs) in the construction industry using a questionnaire. The salient findings of the study suggest that the existing H&S legal and regulatory framework is barely effective. Although building contractors are aware of the most common H&S hazards and risks in construction, compliance is irregular. The study concluded that the identification of H&S hazards and risks is critical to mitigate fatalities, injuries, and illness. H&S education and training, and hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA) should be improved and intensified, and a comprehensive risk mitigation plan should be developed and implemented on projects. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mdyogolo, Zukiswa Caroline
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Industrial safety , Work environment -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58407 , vital:59111
- Description: Globally, the construction industry is infamous for a high level of fatalities. Construction sites are a very important place, as a considerable number of workers are involved in the construction process and activities, and H&S is critical to reduce hazards and the risk of being injured at work. The aim of the study was to evolve a framework of interventions to mitigate hazards, diseases, illnesses, injuries, fatalities, stress, and absenteeism in the construction industry. The objectives were to determine: why workers become ill due to construction and the implications; the causes of stress among construction workers, and worker absenteeism; what injuries workers experience, and the causes of fatalities, and if the current control measures are sufficient or whether more can be done. The research process commenced with a literature review relative to hazards and risks in the construction industry. A quantitative study was conducted among civil engineers, site supervisors, and construction H&S officers (CHSOs) in the construction industry using a questionnaire. The salient findings of the study suggest that the existing H&S legal and regulatory framework is barely effective. Although building contractors are aware of the most common H&S hazards and risks in construction, compliance is irregular. The study concluded that the identification of H&S hazards and risks is critical to mitigate fatalities, injuries, and illness. H&S education and training, and hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA) should be improved and intensified, and a comprehensive risk mitigation plan should be developed and implemented on projects. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Exploring the spiritual meaning of water among Amaxhosa: The study of spiritual practices in Isinuka
- Authors: Menye, Nomtha
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Healing waters -- Eastern Cape , Xhosa (African people) --Religion -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55811 , vital:53885
- Description: This study explores the spiritual relationship of water and uluntu lwase (people of) Port St. Johns, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Particularly the people that reside or regularly visit Isinuka sacred springs. This is done through an analysis and observations of the ritual practises performed at Isinuka sacred springs in Port St. Johns. This spring has provided sacred water used for healing, cleansing, and drinking for decades. Therefore, in this research we use the sacred water as an analysis point to understand the genesis of the ecological relationship of indigenous people and the environment. More so, this study uses the sacred water of the spring as an access point into indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) that have been passed on and maintained throughout history by the African elders. µRitual archives¶ have proved to carry indigenous knowledge systems on the history and philosophies of native regions and countries. Therefore, folktales, rituals, idioms and songs are didactic, and were intended to teach and sustain Isintu sakwa Xhosa (customs). This study uses observations ritual practises and face to face interviews to uncover the importance of nature and indigenous understanding of the environment from AmaXhosa residing in this area. The study was conducted in Port St. Johns in the rural parts of the Eastern Cape. Port St. Johns is a region of residing amaMpondo, which is an isiXhosa dialect. Therefore, amaMpondo and AmaXhosa are used in the study interchangeably. The researcher spent weeks visiting the spring daily and conducting qualitative semi-structured interviews. Observations and partaking in rituals were also used as a methodological approach to understand and capture the full experience of the sacred spring. The study uses the concept of as a medium to examine the relationship of water to spiritual ritual practises. The study literature shows a huge disjuncture between the literature written about the spring and the sociological meaning of the spring to the people that visit the spring. The results showed that the healing properties in the spring were caused by elements such as sulphur(s) and not the only the ritual practises that are performed at the spring. The study shows that, it is in the ritual practises that native Africans show their knowledge of the historical cosmological relationship between people and the environment. This is indicated in their use of sacred sites such as caves, rivers and ocean water to communicate with their ancestors. This study hopes to contribute towards a richer understanding of spirituality, ritual and archival work, for a holistic policymaking when dealing with water policies through an inclusive African indigenous perspective. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Sociology and anthropology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Exploring the spiritual meaning of water among Amaxhosa: The study of spiritual practices in Isinuka
- Authors: Menye, Nomtha
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Healing waters -- Eastern Cape , Xhosa (African people) --Religion -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55811 , vital:53885
- Description: This study explores the spiritual relationship of water and uluntu lwase (people of) Port St. Johns, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Particularly the people that reside or regularly visit Isinuka sacred springs. This is done through an analysis and observations of the ritual practises performed at Isinuka sacred springs in Port St. Johns. This spring has provided sacred water used for healing, cleansing, and drinking for decades. Therefore, in this research we use the sacred water as an analysis point to understand the genesis of the ecological relationship of indigenous people and the environment. More so, this study uses the sacred water of the spring as an access point into indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) that have been passed on and maintained throughout history by the African elders. µRitual archives¶ have proved to carry indigenous knowledge systems on the history and philosophies of native regions and countries. Therefore, folktales, rituals, idioms and songs are didactic, and were intended to teach and sustain Isintu sakwa Xhosa (customs). This study uses observations ritual practises and face to face interviews to uncover the importance of nature and indigenous understanding of the environment from AmaXhosa residing in this area. The study was conducted in Port St. Johns in the rural parts of the Eastern Cape. Port St. Johns is a region of residing amaMpondo, which is an isiXhosa dialect. Therefore, amaMpondo and AmaXhosa are used in the study interchangeably. The researcher spent weeks visiting the spring daily and conducting qualitative semi-structured interviews. Observations and partaking in rituals were also used as a methodological approach to understand and capture the full experience of the sacred spring. The study uses the concept of as a medium to examine the relationship of water to spiritual ritual practises. The study literature shows a huge disjuncture between the literature written about the spring and the sociological meaning of the spring to the people that visit the spring. The results showed that the healing properties in the spring were caused by elements such as sulphur(s) and not the only the ritual practises that are performed at the spring. The study shows that, it is in the ritual practises that native Africans show their knowledge of the historical cosmological relationship between people and the environment. This is indicated in their use of sacred sites such as caves, rivers and ocean water to communicate with their ancestors. This study hopes to contribute towards a richer understanding of spirituality, ritual and archival work, for a holistic policymaking when dealing with water policies through an inclusive African indigenous perspective. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Sociology and anthropology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The role of environmental health practitioners in the prevention and management of legionnaires’ disease
- Authors: Mhlonyane, Gcobisa
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Environmental health personnel , Legionnaires' disease
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58915 , vital:60247
- Description: Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) play a vital role in providing and facilitating comprehensive proactive environmental health-related services to promote a safe, healthy and clean environment and prevent diseases. The National Environmental Health Policy (South Africa. Department of Health, 2013) referred to environmental health services as critical preventative health services that require adequate financial, human and material resources to significantly contribute to addressing the development goals. South Africa currently faces a quadruple Burden of Diseases (BoD), consisting of HIV and AIDS and TB, High Maternal and Child Mortality, Non-Communicable Diseases and Violence and Injuries, and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributing factors to environmental-related diseases in South Africa include poor hygiene and sanitation practices due to lack of adequate sanitation facilities, poor management of waste, pollution of water and contaminated ambient air. The National Environmental Health Policy, 2013, described the importance of Environmental Health practice in the prevention and reduction of the incidence of diseases emanating from environmental factors, with a strong focus being on communicable diseases. The aim of the study was to examine the role played by EHPs in the epidemiological surveillance of diseases, in particular the prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease, in one of the municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province. The study, which followed a mixed methods approach, was divided into two phases- phase 1 and phase 2. Phase 1 of the study employed a quantitative method of data collection where EHPs from the Municipality participated in a questionnaire survey, while phase 2 of the study followed a qualitative method of data collection where members of the Outbreak Response Committee from the District H participated in the focus group interviews. EHPs are represented in the Outbreak Response Committee of District H where they play a significant role in the prevention and management of diseases. Data from the questionnaire survey was analysed using the Statistica software programme where descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation test were performed. ix Focus group interviews were transcribed verbatim and an independent coder was used to analyse quantitative data from which three themes emerged. The study revealed the unavailability of programmes for prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease in the Municipality. EHPs and members of the Outbreak Response Committee were found to have uncertainties related to their role in the prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease. The study further depicted that the involvement of participants in both phase 1 and phase 2 in managing Legionnaires’ disease in their respective areas, is influenced by external factors such as the unavailability of programmes and systems to monitor, prevent and manage Legionnaires’ disease, shortages of staff, financial implications and capacity building. Lastly, the challenges encountered by the EHPs and members of the Outbreak Response Committees should be addressed by their respective managers to improve their response towards prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mhlonyane, Gcobisa
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Environmental health personnel , Legionnaires' disease
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58915 , vital:60247
- Description: Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) play a vital role in providing and facilitating comprehensive proactive environmental health-related services to promote a safe, healthy and clean environment and prevent diseases. The National Environmental Health Policy (South Africa. Department of Health, 2013) referred to environmental health services as critical preventative health services that require adequate financial, human and material resources to significantly contribute to addressing the development goals. South Africa currently faces a quadruple Burden of Diseases (BoD), consisting of HIV and AIDS and TB, High Maternal and Child Mortality, Non-Communicable Diseases and Violence and Injuries, and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributing factors to environmental-related diseases in South Africa include poor hygiene and sanitation practices due to lack of adequate sanitation facilities, poor management of waste, pollution of water and contaminated ambient air. The National Environmental Health Policy, 2013, described the importance of Environmental Health practice in the prevention and reduction of the incidence of diseases emanating from environmental factors, with a strong focus being on communicable diseases. The aim of the study was to examine the role played by EHPs in the epidemiological surveillance of diseases, in particular the prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease, in one of the municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province. The study, which followed a mixed methods approach, was divided into two phases- phase 1 and phase 2. Phase 1 of the study employed a quantitative method of data collection where EHPs from the Municipality participated in a questionnaire survey, while phase 2 of the study followed a qualitative method of data collection where members of the Outbreak Response Committee from the District H participated in the focus group interviews. EHPs are represented in the Outbreak Response Committee of District H where they play a significant role in the prevention and management of diseases. Data from the questionnaire survey was analysed using the Statistica software programme where descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation test were performed. ix Focus group interviews were transcribed verbatim and an independent coder was used to analyse quantitative data from which three themes emerged. The study revealed the unavailability of programmes for prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease in the Municipality. EHPs and members of the Outbreak Response Committee were found to have uncertainties related to their role in the prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease. The study further depicted that the involvement of participants in both phase 1 and phase 2 in managing Legionnaires’ disease in their respective areas, is influenced by external factors such as the unavailability of programmes and systems to monitor, prevent and manage Legionnaires’ disease, shortages of staff, financial implications and capacity building. Lastly, the challenges encountered by the EHPs and members of the Outbreak Response Committees should be addressed by their respective managers to improve their response towards prevention and management of Legionnaires’ disease. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
A survey of food safety practices and microbial risk related to ready-to-eat chicken food outlets from a university campus in South Africa
- Authors: Michau, Willem P
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Microbial exopolysaccharides -- South Africa , Food -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58925 , vital:60248
- Description: A survey of food safety practices and microbial risk related to ready-to-eat chicken in food outlets from a university campus in South Africa was investigated. The objective of the study was to determine the food safety practices and hygiene knowledge of food handlers in food outlets at a South African university campus. Six food outlets out of the thirteen university food outlets that were similar in type were selected for the study. These six food outlets were selected based on establish criteria but did not comply with HACCP principles. To assess the possible contamination risk related to hygiene practices and processing of ready-to-eat chicken, Total Viable Count, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus counts were determined using standard methods. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the educational levels of each of the 27 participating food handlers; as well as the determination of the food handlers’ personal and general hygiene. Microbial levels of each food handler hand, aprons, as well as the microbial contamination levels of direct food contact surfaces, and ready-to-eat chicken at each facility were evaluated using standard methods. Several risky non-conforming personal and general hygiene practices were detected during the study. Appropriate corrective actions such as an intensive food hygiene training programme accompanied by a food management system should be implemented in all food facilities. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Michau, Willem P
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Microbial exopolysaccharides -- South Africa , Food -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58925 , vital:60248
- Description: A survey of food safety practices and microbial risk related to ready-to-eat chicken in food outlets from a university campus in South Africa was investigated. The objective of the study was to determine the food safety practices and hygiene knowledge of food handlers in food outlets at a South African university campus. Six food outlets out of the thirteen university food outlets that were similar in type were selected for the study. These six food outlets were selected based on establish criteria but did not comply with HACCP principles. To assess the possible contamination risk related to hygiene practices and processing of ready-to-eat chicken, Total Viable Count, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus counts were determined using standard methods. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the educational levels of each of the 27 participating food handlers; as well as the determination of the food handlers’ personal and general hygiene. Microbial levels of each food handler hand, aprons, as well as the microbial contamination levels of direct food contact surfaces, and ready-to-eat chicken at each facility were evaluated using standard methods. Several risky non-conforming personal and general hygiene practices were detected during the study. Appropriate corrective actions such as an intensive food hygiene training programme accompanied by a food management system should be implemented in all food facilities. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Potential suppressive effects of alien Acacia melanoxylon on Afrotemperate Forest tree recruitment
- Miles, Bayleigh, Baard, Johan
- Authors: Miles, Bayleigh , Baard, Johan
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55391 , vital:51989
- Description: Acacia melanoxylon R.Br. is a prominent alien and invasive species in many parts of the world and evidence exists of its adverse effects on indigenous forest community composition through allelopathy and alteration of light regimes. The species also occurs extensively in Southern Cape Afrotemperate Forest (South Africa) and is thought to suppress indigenous Afrotemperate Forest tree seedlings through various mechanisms such as the alteration of natural light regimes or allelopathy, although this has not been rigorously verified. This study aimed to investigate whether Acacia melanoxylon has a suppressive effect on Afrotemperate Forest tree recruitment. Firstly, we assessed the potential allelopathic effect of Acacia melanoxylon and an indigenous Afrotemperate Forest species Olea capensis macrocarpa (C.H.Wright) I.Verd. on the germination of Acacia melanoxylon and three prominent indigenous tree species’ seedlings in a nursery trial. Germination of the indigenous species failed; however, we were able to compare the germination of Acacia melanoxylon among the three treatments, namely Acacia melanoxylon leachate, Olea capensis leachate, and no leachate. The average germination of Acacia melanoxylon was 67% and germination was marginally higher under Acacia melanoxylon leachate and Olea capensis leachate, respectively, than under the control. This suggested that germination of the species is improved, or at the least, unaffected, by leachates of itself or that of a common indigenous canopy species. We then critically evaluated the germination requirements of the indigenous test species to determine probable reasons why their germination failed in our trial. The most plausible explanation for the germination failure could be that the trial period did not encompass an entire winter season and may not have provided adequate cold stratification. We concluded that the lack of sensitivity of Acacia melanoxylon to leachates of itself or a common indigenous overstorey species likely contribute to its success as an invasive species in Southern Cape Afrotemperate Forest. Secondly, we investigated, through field surveys, whether Acacia melanoxylon affects indigenous Afrotemperate Forest tree sapling composition and light regimes underneath its canopy. Using a paired plot design, we compared light intensity, tree sapling species richness, diversity, and density underneath 30 overstorey Acacia melanoxylon trees and 30 indigenous counterparts. We recorded 2506 indigenous tree saplings from 29 species in the 60 plots and found that there were no significant differences in richness, diversity, or v density of saplings underneath Acacia melanoxylon compared to that under indigenous counterparts. Light intensity did not differ significantly underneath Acacia melanoxylon and indigenous canopies, however light intensity varied significantly more underneath the canopies of Acacia melanoxylon. Canonical correspondence analysis of the abundance of sapling species confirmed that sapling composition was not largely determined by the overstorey species. We concluded that Acacia melanoxylon does not significantly alter indigenous tree species composition underneath its canopy at the typical densities (<3 trees per hectare) at which it occurred in the forests of the Garden Route National Park that we surveyed. Nevertheless, populations of Acacia melanoxylon in the forest interior still act as a source of propagules for invasion in forest margins, riparian areas, and neighbouring fynbos shrubland. These invasive attributes need to be considered in the management of the species in the region at large. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Miles, Bayleigh , Baard, Johan
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55391 , vital:51989
- Description: Acacia melanoxylon R.Br. is a prominent alien and invasive species in many parts of the world and evidence exists of its adverse effects on indigenous forest community composition through allelopathy and alteration of light regimes. The species also occurs extensively in Southern Cape Afrotemperate Forest (South Africa) and is thought to suppress indigenous Afrotemperate Forest tree seedlings through various mechanisms such as the alteration of natural light regimes or allelopathy, although this has not been rigorously verified. This study aimed to investigate whether Acacia melanoxylon has a suppressive effect on Afrotemperate Forest tree recruitment. Firstly, we assessed the potential allelopathic effect of Acacia melanoxylon and an indigenous Afrotemperate Forest species Olea capensis macrocarpa (C.H.Wright) I.Verd. on the germination of Acacia melanoxylon and three prominent indigenous tree species’ seedlings in a nursery trial. Germination of the indigenous species failed; however, we were able to compare the germination of Acacia melanoxylon among the three treatments, namely Acacia melanoxylon leachate, Olea capensis leachate, and no leachate. The average germination of Acacia melanoxylon was 67% and germination was marginally higher under Acacia melanoxylon leachate and Olea capensis leachate, respectively, than under the control. This suggested that germination of the species is improved, or at the least, unaffected, by leachates of itself or that of a common indigenous canopy species. We then critically evaluated the germination requirements of the indigenous test species to determine probable reasons why their germination failed in our trial. The most plausible explanation for the germination failure could be that the trial period did not encompass an entire winter season and may not have provided adequate cold stratification. We concluded that the lack of sensitivity of Acacia melanoxylon to leachates of itself or a common indigenous overstorey species likely contribute to its success as an invasive species in Southern Cape Afrotemperate Forest. Secondly, we investigated, through field surveys, whether Acacia melanoxylon affects indigenous Afrotemperate Forest tree sapling composition and light regimes underneath its canopy. Using a paired plot design, we compared light intensity, tree sapling species richness, diversity, and density underneath 30 overstorey Acacia melanoxylon trees and 30 indigenous counterparts. We recorded 2506 indigenous tree saplings from 29 species in the 60 plots and found that there were no significant differences in richness, diversity, or v density of saplings underneath Acacia melanoxylon compared to that under indigenous counterparts. Light intensity did not differ significantly underneath Acacia melanoxylon and indigenous canopies, however light intensity varied significantly more underneath the canopies of Acacia melanoxylon. Canonical correspondence analysis of the abundance of sapling species confirmed that sapling composition was not largely determined by the overstorey species. We concluded that Acacia melanoxylon does not significantly alter indigenous tree species composition underneath its canopy at the typical densities (<3 trees per hectare) at which it occurred in the forests of the Garden Route National Park that we surveyed. Nevertheless, populations of Acacia melanoxylon in the forest interior still act as a source of propagules for invasion in forest margins, riparian areas, and neighbouring fynbos shrubland. These invasive attributes need to be considered in the management of the species in the region at large. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Governance, institutional quality and economic complexity in Selected African countries
- Authors: Mini, Litha
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Political stability -- Africa , Knowledge economy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57917 , vital:58416
- Description: African has relatively low levels of economic complexity as the continent is centred on the production and exporting of natural agricultural goods, non-renewable natural resources, minerals, and crude oil, additionally the agricultural sector continues to be the prevalent employer. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between governance, institutional quality, with economic complexity in Africa. Panel data for the period 1996 - 2019 is employed and the generalised method of moments (GMM) technique was selected due to the number of countries (36 countries) being more than the time periods (22 years). The Granger non-causality test of Juodis, Karavias, and Sarafidis (2021) is used to figure out the direction of causality between the variables used in the study. The GMM results indicate that governance and institutional quality have a positive effect on economic complexity. The Granger causality test suggests that there is one directional causality from governance to economic complexity and from institutional quality to economic complexity. It is recommended that African countries improve governance through electing selfless leaders whose goal is improve the lives of its individuals. With regards to institutions, Africa needs to adopt strategies that support institutional quality which in turn will promote economic complexity. Policy makers should also create an environment or policies that are conducing for domestic and foreign investments, which in turn would improve the continent’s economic complexity. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mini, Litha
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Political stability -- Africa , Knowledge economy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57917 , vital:58416
- Description: African has relatively low levels of economic complexity as the continent is centred on the production and exporting of natural agricultural goods, non-renewable natural resources, minerals, and crude oil, additionally the agricultural sector continues to be the prevalent employer. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between governance, institutional quality, with economic complexity in Africa. Panel data for the period 1996 - 2019 is employed and the generalised method of moments (GMM) technique was selected due to the number of countries (36 countries) being more than the time periods (22 years). The Granger non-causality test of Juodis, Karavias, and Sarafidis (2021) is used to figure out the direction of causality between the variables used in the study. The GMM results indicate that governance and institutional quality have a positive effect on economic complexity. The Granger causality test suggests that there is one directional causality from governance to economic complexity and from institutional quality to economic complexity. It is recommended that African countries improve governance through electing selfless leaders whose goal is improve the lives of its individuals. With regards to institutions, Africa needs to adopt strategies that support institutional quality which in turn will promote economic complexity. Policy makers should also create an environment or policies that are conducing for domestic and foreign investments, which in turn would improve the continent’s economic complexity. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Investigating the first level of pass -through effects of the SACU region monetary transmission mechanism
- Authors: Mkhombo, Thando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Monetary unions -- Africa, Southern , Foreign exchange market
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55998 , vital:54562
- Description: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the first-level pass-through effects of monetary policy transmission in SACU using the wavelet analysis methodology. The thesis comprises four empirical themes. 1. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Fisher’s effect for SACU countries. 2. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for SACU countries. 3. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between the exchange rate and the stock returns for SACU countries. 4. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between interest rates, exchange rates, and stock returns for SACU countries. Whilst there exists a considerable amount of empirical works which have studied the four themes in SACU countries that are covered in this study, there is a need for more empirical investigation for several reasons. Firstly, a majority of the studies have focused on South Africa with very little empirical literature existing for Botswana and Lesotho. Secondly, the previous SACU based studies present contradicting findings. Thirdly, Most of these studies did not cover the themes comprehensively, as is the case in this study. Finally, to the best of my knowledge, this methodology has not been employed in any SACU related literature until now. Altogether, the thesis bridges the inconsistencies found in previous SACU-related literature and offers fresh implications for policymakers and market participants. From an empirical perspective, the wavelet coherence analysis proves to be a powerful tool in reconciling previous contradicting empirical evidence on the existence of the Fisher effect in SACU countries. From a policy perspective, more fined tuned implications are derived from the findings of the study as wavelets are able to depict a more accurate description of the different first-level monetary transmission relationships. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School for Economics, Development and Tourism, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mkhombo, Thando
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Monetary unions -- Africa, Southern , Foreign exchange market
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55998 , vital:54562
- Description: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the first-level pass-through effects of monetary policy transmission in SACU using the wavelet analysis methodology. The thesis comprises four empirical themes. 1. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Fisher’s effect for SACU countries. 2. Investigating the time-frequency relationship in the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for SACU countries. 3. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between the exchange rate and the stock returns for SACU countries. 4. Investigating the time-frequency relationship between interest rates, exchange rates, and stock returns for SACU countries. Whilst there exists a considerable amount of empirical works which have studied the four themes in SACU countries that are covered in this study, there is a need for more empirical investigation for several reasons. Firstly, a majority of the studies have focused on South Africa with very little empirical literature existing for Botswana and Lesotho. Secondly, the previous SACU based studies present contradicting findings. Thirdly, Most of these studies did not cover the themes comprehensively, as is the case in this study. Finally, to the best of my knowledge, this methodology has not been employed in any SACU related literature until now. Altogether, the thesis bridges the inconsistencies found in previous SACU-related literature and offers fresh implications for policymakers and market participants. From an empirical perspective, the wavelet coherence analysis proves to be a powerful tool in reconciling previous contradicting empirical evidence on the existence of the Fisher effect in SACU countries. From a policy perspective, more fined tuned implications are derived from the findings of the study as wavelets are able to depict a more accurate description of the different first-level monetary transmission relationships. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School for Economics, Development and Tourism, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Smart catchment management and application in the Swartkops River and Estuary
- Authors: Mmachaka,Thandi Nthabiseng
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Estuarine ecology--South Africa--Swartkops River Estuary
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55932 , vital:54401
- Description: The influence of urbanization and industrialization on natural resources results in complex water resource management. In South Africa, there has been escalating rural-urban migration, a growing population in urban areas, and the mushrooming of informal settlements in cities over the last five decades. In the pursuit of protecting water resources, these contextual realities create a significant challenge to policymakers, planners, and implementers. Due to rapid population growth, climate change, recent droughts, and growing competition among agricultural, industrial, commercial, environmental, and domestic sectors, water resources are presently under severe stress in South Africa. This situation necessitates the effective management of water resources. This study completed a situational assessment for the Swartkops Catchment to examine the extent of pollution, mapped sources of pollution, investigated water quality governance and identified hot spot areas to provide the foundation for effective and efficient catchment management. To determine the current water quality status of the Swartkops Catchment, this current study investigated spatial and temporal variation in physico-chemical parameters, nutrients, and faecal bacteria. This study applied a mixed-method research design using semi-structured interviews and focus groups discussions as data collection methods to investigate the water quality governance of the Swartkops Catchment. Following the situational assessment of the Swartkops Catchment, the effectiveness of applying innovative smart catchment practices to improve water quality was investigated. The word smart in this context refers to innovative mechanisms that will ensure effective and efficient water resources management. The PHP scripting language (Hypertext Preprocessor), Android studio, Wampserver, and JavaScript were used to develop the Water Use Screening System (WUSS) and Pollution Incident Reporting System (PRS). In South Africa, stormwater infrastructure suffers from unsustainable utilization. Stormwater systems discharge into many of the country‘s rivers and estuaries, including Swartkops, leading to water quality degradation. To improve the Recommended Ecological Category (REC) of the Swartkops Estuary to Category C, drivers that contribute to poor water quality must be understood to inform appropriate management interventions. Results from sampling in Markman Canal were compared with historical water quality data. The present study showed that the Markman Canal contributed faecal bacteria, nutrients, and trace metals to the Swartkops Estuary. The Markman Canal was the greatest source of trace metals to the Swartkops Estuary compared to the other point sources entering the estuary. The results show that arsenic and mercury levels in the Markman Canal and the Swartkops Estuary were higher than that previously measured. Iron and copper concentrations were higher in the Markman Canal whereas only copper increased in the Swartkops Estuary. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mmachaka,Thandi Nthabiseng
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Estuarine ecology--South Africa--Swartkops River Estuary
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55932 , vital:54401
- Description: The influence of urbanization and industrialization on natural resources results in complex water resource management. In South Africa, there has been escalating rural-urban migration, a growing population in urban areas, and the mushrooming of informal settlements in cities over the last five decades. In the pursuit of protecting water resources, these contextual realities create a significant challenge to policymakers, planners, and implementers. Due to rapid population growth, climate change, recent droughts, and growing competition among agricultural, industrial, commercial, environmental, and domestic sectors, water resources are presently under severe stress in South Africa. This situation necessitates the effective management of water resources. This study completed a situational assessment for the Swartkops Catchment to examine the extent of pollution, mapped sources of pollution, investigated water quality governance and identified hot spot areas to provide the foundation for effective and efficient catchment management. To determine the current water quality status of the Swartkops Catchment, this current study investigated spatial and temporal variation in physico-chemical parameters, nutrients, and faecal bacteria. This study applied a mixed-method research design using semi-structured interviews and focus groups discussions as data collection methods to investigate the water quality governance of the Swartkops Catchment. Following the situational assessment of the Swartkops Catchment, the effectiveness of applying innovative smart catchment practices to improve water quality was investigated. The word smart in this context refers to innovative mechanisms that will ensure effective and efficient water resources management. The PHP scripting language (Hypertext Preprocessor), Android studio, Wampserver, and JavaScript were used to develop the Water Use Screening System (WUSS) and Pollution Incident Reporting System (PRS). In South Africa, stormwater infrastructure suffers from unsustainable utilization. Stormwater systems discharge into many of the country‘s rivers and estuaries, including Swartkops, leading to water quality degradation. To improve the Recommended Ecological Category (REC) of the Swartkops Estuary to Category C, drivers that contribute to poor water quality must be understood to inform appropriate management interventions. Results from sampling in Markman Canal were compared with historical water quality data. The present study showed that the Markman Canal contributed faecal bacteria, nutrients, and trace metals to the Swartkops Estuary. The Markman Canal was the greatest source of trace metals to the Swartkops Estuary compared to the other point sources entering the estuary. The results show that arsenic and mercury levels in the Markman Canal and the Swartkops Estuary were higher than that previously measured. Iron and copper concentrations were higher in the Markman Canal whereas only copper increased in the Swartkops Estuary. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Perceptions of South African original equipment manufacturers about pursuing new global electrical vehicle strategy
- Authors: Mmushi, Thabang
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Electric vehicles , Motor vehicles
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57936 , vital:58429
- Description: Global strategy in the automotive industry focusses on limiting climate changes and preservation of natural resources by gradually shifting towards non-gas emission transportation such as electrical vehicles (EVs). The strategic thinking and planning have advanced significantly globally. Automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEM’s) are responding to this growing demand of EVs by focusing investments on the research and development (R&D) and setting up manufacturing facilities. This EV strategy showed great degree of success already over the past few years. (Nathalie Ortar & Marianne Ryghaug, 2019) In 2013, sales of EVs were introduced in the South African market. The adoption of EVs is very low and existing studies suggest consumer perceptions towards EVs and possible social economic barriers in the South African automotive market prevent the adoption or intention to purchase EVs. The purpose of this research study was to unpack perception withholding the uptake of the EVs manufacturing in South Africa. It aimed to assess the barriers of the local automotive industry in pursuing the global strategy. The research structure was realised through conducting a literature review to explore the existing research topic. Empirical research evidence was obtained through conducting interviews which targeted existing OEMs whom the parent plants are currently manufacturing EVs globally. The study focused on key factors such as consumer knowledge, local infrastructure, and market uncertainty about EVs. The findings of the study highlighted consumers are knowledgeable about the benefits of owning EVs. However, the willingness set up a manufacturing infrastructure for EVs was highly not favourable for a majority of the factors such as power supply shortage, EVs supply chain shortage, small local market, and lack of proactive policies to drive EVs adoption or attract global investment. With these perceived positive opinions from respondents, it is down to government and private companies to work in cohesion to provide a conducive environment for EVs manufacturing in future. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mmushi, Thabang
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Electric vehicles , Motor vehicles
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57936 , vital:58429
- Description: Global strategy in the automotive industry focusses on limiting climate changes and preservation of natural resources by gradually shifting towards non-gas emission transportation such as electrical vehicles (EVs). The strategic thinking and planning have advanced significantly globally. Automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEM’s) are responding to this growing demand of EVs by focusing investments on the research and development (R&D) and setting up manufacturing facilities. This EV strategy showed great degree of success already over the past few years. (Nathalie Ortar & Marianne Ryghaug, 2019) In 2013, sales of EVs were introduced in the South African market. The adoption of EVs is very low and existing studies suggest consumer perceptions towards EVs and possible social economic barriers in the South African automotive market prevent the adoption or intention to purchase EVs. The purpose of this research study was to unpack perception withholding the uptake of the EVs manufacturing in South Africa. It aimed to assess the barriers of the local automotive industry in pursuing the global strategy. The research structure was realised through conducting a literature review to explore the existing research topic. Empirical research evidence was obtained through conducting interviews which targeted existing OEMs whom the parent plants are currently manufacturing EVs globally. The study focused on key factors such as consumer knowledge, local infrastructure, and market uncertainty about EVs. The findings of the study highlighted consumers are knowledgeable about the benefits of owning EVs. However, the willingness set up a manufacturing infrastructure for EVs was highly not favourable for a majority of the factors such as power supply shortage, EVs supply chain shortage, small local market, and lack of proactive policies to drive EVs adoption or attract global investment. With these perceived positive opinions from respondents, it is down to government and private companies to work in cohesion to provide a conducive environment for EVs manufacturing in future. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The application of the prescription act in labour disputes
- Authors: Mncanca, Siyamthanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55498 , vital:52375
- Description: It is inevitable that in an employment relationship grievances and conflicts may emerge.1 This is attested to by the large volume of 193 732 disputes that were referred to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) during the 2018/19 financial year.2 In the event where an employee is dismissed from work and he decides to challenge the dismissal, section 191 of the Labour Relations Act (LRA) grants the employee a right to refer the matter to the CCMA for conciliation or arbitration.3 The purpose of referring the disputes to the CCMA is to support an establishment of a voluntary, free of charge and expeditious mechanisms for labour disputes settlement and allow parties to resolve their disputes through a consensus based process before taking the route of a court process.4 There are time frames that are provided for the referral of disputes to the CCMA. Section 191 determines these time frames by stating that an employee must refer their alleged unfair dismissal to the CCMA within 30 days or 90 days when a dispute relates to an unfair labour practice in accordance with section 191(1)(b)(ii) of the LRA.5 The rationale behind these time frames was outlined in the Constitutional Court (CC) judgement of Toyota SA Motors (Pty) Ltd v CCMA,6 as a means to bring about the expeditious resolution of labour disputes which by their nature, require speedy resolution. , Thesis (L.L.M.) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mncanca, Siyamthanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55498 , vital:52375
- Description: It is inevitable that in an employment relationship grievances and conflicts may emerge.1 This is attested to by the large volume of 193 732 disputes that were referred to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) during the 2018/19 financial year.2 In the event where an employee is dismissed from work and he decides to challenge the dismissal, section 191 of the Labour Relations Act (LRA) grants the employee a right to refer the matter to the CCMA for conciliation or arbitration.3 The purpose of referring the disputes to the CCMA is to support an establishment of a voluntary, free of charge and expeditious mechanisms for labour disputes settlement and allow parties to resolve their disputes through a consensus based process before taking the route of a court process.4 There are time frames that are provided for the referral of disputes to the CCMA. Section 191 determines these time frames by stating that an employee must refer their alleged unfair dismissal to the CCMA within 30 days or 90 days when a dispute relates to an unfair labour practice in accordance with section 191(1)(b)(ii) of the LRA.5 The rationale behind these time frames was outlined in the Constitutional Court (CC) judgement of Toyota SA Motors (Pty) Ltd v CCMA,6 as a means to bring about the expeditious resolution of labour disputes which by their nature, require speedy resolution. , Thesis (L.L.M.) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Representations of adult women who have experienced 'absent' fathers: a thematic analysis of True Love magazine
- Authors: Moola, Lubayna Codelia
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Absentee fathers South Africa , Fathers and daughters South Africa , Fathers and daughters in literature South Africa , Mass media and families South Africa , Mass media and women South Africa , Families Psychological aspects , Self-actualization (Psychology) in women South Africa , True Love magazine , Thematic analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232568 , vital:50003
- Description: This study explored how adult women who have experienced father 'absence' are represented in True Love magazine, a popular South African women's magazine targeting black women readers. The study examined nineteen articles published between 2016 and 2021 in True Love, featuring black women’s stories and clinical psychologists, which mentioned ‘absent’ fathers. Through the lenses of psychoanalytic, traditional African cultural, and feminist theoretical frameworks and their key concepts, the articles were examined in relation to how the effects on the adult women of complicated relationships with their fathers while they were growing up, were represented. The selected articles were analysed using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis, and representational themes were identified guided by theoretical frameworks and familiarity with the scholarly literature on father ‘absence’ in South Africa. A wide range of childhood and young adult experiences of father-daughter relationships, and household circumstances, appeared alongside the strong maternal networks which supported these girls and women. Representations and themes of clinical psychologists involved Freudian psychoanalytic frameworks to describe the damaging psychological implications of ‘absent’ fathers, particularly affecting adult women’s capacities to form trusting intimate relationships with men. The adult women’s stories – largely successful businesswomen and/or celebrities in the arts, as represented by True Love feature writers and editors – presented themes of what the women had learnt from their mothers, and how they had overcome difficulties and obstacles. These themes included representations of resilience, and of being ‘survivors’, informed by empowerments from a feminist theoretical framework. These themes also represented the women as working psychotherapeutically to manage their past experiences and psychological distress, to transform their retriggering in adult heterosexual relationships, and to pursue healing and self-actualisation. These representations and themes are argued to have inspirational and motivating implications for girls and women in contemporary South Africa. They generate alternate stories about the longer-term effects and outcomes of father ‘absence’, rather than the prominent 'victim' stories in media and scholarly literature of young women doomed to suffer poor relationships and depression forever. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Moola, Lubayna Codelia
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Absentee fathers South Africa , Fathers and daughters South Africa , Fathers and daughters in literature South Africa , Mass media and families South Africa , Mass media and women South Africa , Families Psychological aspects , Self-actualization (Psychology) in women South Africa , True Love magazine , Thematic analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232568 , vital:50003
- Description: This study explored how adult women who have experienced father 'absence' are represented in True Love magazine, a popular South African women's magazine targeting black women readers. The study examined nineteen articles published between 2016 and 2021 in True Love, featuring black women’s stories and clinical psychologists, which mentioned ‘absent’ fathers. Through the lenses of psychoanalytic, traditional African cultural, and feminist theoretical frameworks and their key concepts, the articles were examined in relation to how the effects on the adult women of complicated relationships with their fathers while they were growing up, were represented. The selected articles were analysed using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis, and representational themes were identified guided by theoretical frameworks and familiarity with the scholarly literature on father ‘absence’ in South Africa. A wide range of childhood and young adult experiences of father-daughter relationships, and household circumstances, appeared alongside the strong maternal networks which supported these girls and women. Representations and themes of clinical psychologists involved Freudian psychoanalytic frameworks to describe the damaging psychological implications of ‘absent’ fathers, particularly affecting adult women’s capacities to form trusting intimate relationships with men. The adult women’s stories – largely successful businesswomen and/or celebrities in the arts, as represented by True Love feature writers and editors – presented themes of what the women had learnt from their mothers, and how they had overcome difficulties and obstacles. These themes included representations of resilience, and of being ‘survivors’, informed by empowerments from a feminist theoretical framework. These themes also represented the women as working psychotherapeutically to manage their past experiences and psychological distress, to transform their retriggering in adult heterosexual relationships, and to pursue healing and self-actualisation. These representations and themes are argued to have inspirational and motivating implications for girls and women in contemporary South Africa. They generate alternate stories about the longer-term effects and outcomes of father ‘absence’, rather than the prominent 'victim' stories in media and scholarly literature of young women doomed to suffer poor relationships and depression forever. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The mechanisms conditioning doctoral supervision development in public universities across South Africa
- Authors: Motshoane, Puleng Lorraine
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Doctoral students South Africa , Graduate students Supervision of South Africa , Agent (Philosophy) , Public universities and colleges South Africa , Supervisors Training of South Africa , Supervision South Africa , Mentoring in education South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232305 , vital:49980 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232305
- Description: This study offers a social realist account of how South African public institutions develop emerging supervisors. The study addresses the need for supervision development across South African public higher education universities. The purpose of the study was to answer the question “What mechanisms condition the development and support of emerging doctoral supervisors across South African public universities?” To examine this question, analytical dualism was used to separate the roles of the ‘people’ (agents) from the ‘parts’ (structure and culture) to examine their interplay. The study was qualitative, and the data was generated through documents, an online survey, and semi-structured interviews. One hundred and eighty-six participants responded to the survey and fifty-four people were interviewed. The participants came from twenty of the twenty-six public higher education universities and represent a large range of disciplines. The study findings revealed that emerging supervisors were often simply ‘thrown into the deep-end’ as they had to work out how to supervise by learning from their students and using the experience gained while they were being supervised. This was experienced as highly problematic by the participants who shared this understanding. Secondly, the findings suggest that where there were developmental events in place, some were not well received. For example where those providing the training were not regarded as credible because they lacked the supervision experience or because the interventions were seen to be too ad hoc and generic. There were calls for more discipline-specific interventions and collaborative spaces where emerging supervisors could engage with experienced supervisors rather than being instructed in a generic best-practice of ‘how to supervise’. The findings indicated that the lines between co-supervision and mentoring were often blurred, and both were used as another form of supervision development. Such relationships provided a useful means for emerging supervisors to come to understand the complex pedagogy of postgraduate supervision but were at times constrained by power imbalances. It was evident across the data that supervision is a special form of teaching and needs to be conceptualised at least in part as a pedagogy. Moreover, the issue of institutional differentiation needs to be considered for the sector to achieve its intended goals of increasing doctoral output and to be able to participate fully in the knowledge economy. , Phuputso ena e fana ka tlaleho ea 'nete ea kahisano ea kamoo litsi tsa Afrika Boroa li ntlafatsang batsamaisi ba ntseng ba hlaha. Phuputso ena e sebetsana le tlhokeho ya ntshetsopele ya bolebedi ho tswa ho diyunibesithing tsa thuto e phahameng tsa setjhaba tsa Aforika Borwa. Sepheo sa phuputso e ne e le ho araba potso e mabapi le "Ke mekhoa efe e behang nts'etsopele le tšehetso ea baokameli ba ntseng ba tsoela pele ho pholletsa le liunivesithi tsa sechaba tsa Afrika Boroa?" E le ho hlahloba potso ena, ho ile ha sebelisoa li-analytical dualism ho arola likarolo tsa "batho" (baemeli) ho "likarolo" (sebopeho le setso) ho hlahloba likamano tsa bona. Thuto e ne e le ea boleng, 'me lintlha li ile tsa hlahisoa ka litokomane, phuputso ea inthaneteng, le lipuisano tse hlophisitsoeng hantle. Barupeluoa ba lekholo le mashome a robeli a metso e tšeletseng ba ile ba arabela phuputsong eo, 'me batho ba 54 ba botsoa. Barupeluoa ba ne ba tsoa liunivesithing tse mashome a mabeli ho tse mashome a mabeli a metso e tšeletseng tsa thuto e phahameng ea sechaba 'me ba emetse mefuta e mengata ea lithuto. Liphuputso tsa phuputso li senotse hore baokameli ba ntseng ba hlaha hangata ba ne ba ‘lahleloa botebong ba pelo kaha ba ne ba lokela ho etsa qeto ea ho laola ka ho ithuta ho liithuti tsa bona le ho sebelisa phihlelo eo ba e fumaneng ha ba ntse ba behiloe leihlo. Phihlelo ena e bile bothata haholo ho barupeluoa ba arolelanang boiphihlelo bona. Taba ea bobeli, liphuputso li fana ka maikutlo a hore ha liketsahalo tsa nts'etsopele li ntse li le teng, tse ling ha lia ka tsa amoheloa hantle, mohlala, hobane ba fanang ka koetliso ba ne ba sa nkoe e le ba ka tšeptjoang hobane ba ne ba se na boiphihlelo ba bolebeli kapa hobane ho ne ho bonahala hore ho na le mehato ea nakoana. . Ho bile le meipiletso ea hore ho be le litšebetso tse khethehileng tsa khalemelo le libaka tse kopanetsoeng moo baokameli ba neng ba ka buisana le baokameli ba nang le phihlelo ho e-na le ho rutoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa 'ho laola'. Liphuputso li bonts'itse hore litsela tse pakeng tsa ts'ebelisano-'moho le boeletsi hangata li ne li sa hlaka. Ho feta moo, ka bobeli li ne li sebelisoa e le mofuta o mong oa ntlafatso ea tlhokomelo. Likamano tse joalo li ne li fana ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa bakeng sa baokameli ba ba qalang ho utloisisa thuto e rarahaneng ea bolebeli ba morao-rao empa ka linako tse ling ba ne ba sitisoa ke ho se leka-lekane ha matla. Ho ile ha totobala ho pholletsa le data hore tsamaiso ke mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho ruta 'me o hloka ho nahanoa bonyane e le mokhoa oa ho ruta. Ho feta moo, taba ea karohano ea litsi e lokela ho shejoa hore lekala le fihlele lipheo tsa lona tse reriloeng tsa ho eketsa tlhahiso ea bongaka le ho kenya letsoho ka botlalo moruong oa tsebo. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Motshoane, Puleng Lorraine
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Doctoral students South Africa , Graduate students Supervision of South Africa , Agent (Philosophy) , Public universities and colleges South Africa , Supervisors Training of South Africa , Supervision South Africa , Mentoring in education South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232305 , vital:49980 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232305
- Description: This study offers a social realist account of how South African public institutions develop emerging supervisors. The study addresses the need for supervision development across South African public higher education universities. The purpose of the study was to answer the question “What mechanisms condition the development and support of emerging doctoral supervisors across South African public universities?” To examine this question, analytical dualism was used to separate the roles of the ‘people’ (agents) from the ‘parts’ (structure and culture) to examine their interplay. The study was qualitative, and the data was generated through documents, an online survey, and semi-structured interviews. One hundred and eighty-six participants responded to the survey and fifty-four people were interviewed. The participants came from twenty of the twenty-six public higher education universities and represent a large range of disciplines. The study findings revealed that emerging supervisors were often simply ‘thrown into the deep-end’ as they had to work out how to supervise by learning from their students and using the experience gained while they were being supervised. This was experienced as highly problematic by the participants who shared this understanding. Secondly, the findings suggest that where there were developmental events in place, some were not well received. For example where those providing the training were not regarded as credible because they lacked the supervision experience or because the interventions were seen to be too ad hoc and generic. There were calls for more discipline-specific interventions and collaborative spaces where emerging supervisors could engage with experienced supervisors rather than being instructed in a generic best-practice of ‘how to supervise’. The findings indicated that the lines between co-supervision and mentoring were often blurred, and both were used as another form of supervision development. Such relationships provided a useful means for emerging supervisors to come to understand the complex pedagogy of postgraduate supervision but were at times constrained by power imbalances. It was evident across the data that supervision is a special form of teaching and needs to be conceptualised at least in part as a pedagogy. Moreover, the issue of institutional differentiation needs to be considered for the sector to achieve its intended goals of increasing doctoral output and to be able to participate fully in the knowledge economy. , Phuputso ena e fana ka tlaleho ea 'nete ea kahisano ea kamoo litsi tsa Afrika Boroa li ntlafatsang batsamaisi ba ntseng ba hlaha. Phuputso ena e sebetsana le tlhokeho ya ntshetsopele ya bolebedi ho tswa ho diyunibesithing tsa thuto e phahameng tsa setjhaba tsa Aforika Borwa. Sepheo sa phuputso e ne e le ho araba potso e mabapi le "Ke mekhoa efe e behang nts'etsopele le tšehetso ea baokameli ba ntseng ba tsoela pele ho pholletsa le liunivesithi tsa sechaba tsa Afrika Boroa?" E le ho hlahloba potso ena, ho ile ha sebelisoa li-analytical dualism ho arola likarolo tsa "batho" (baemeli) ho "likarolo" (sebopeho le setso) ho hlahloba likamano tsa bona. Thuto e ne e le ea boleng, 'me lintlha li ile tsa hlahisoa ka litokomane, phuputso ea inthaneteng, le lipuisano tse hlophisitsoeng hantle. Barupeluoa ba lekholo le mashome a robeli a metso e tšeletseng ba ile ba arabela phuputsong eo, 'me batho ba 54 ba botsoa. Barupeluoa ba ne ba tsoa liunivesithing tse mashome a mabeli ho tse mashome a mabeli a metso e tšeletseng tsa thuto e phahameng ea sechaba 'me ba emetse mefuta e mengata ea lithuto. Liphuputso tsa phuputso li senotse hore baokameli ba ntseng ba hlaha hangata ba ne ba ‘lahleloa botebong ba pelo kaha ba ne ba lokela ho etsa qeto ea ho laola ka ho ithuta ho liithuti tsa bona le ho sebelisa phihlelo eo ba e fumaneng ha ba ntse ba behiloe leihlo. Phihlelo ena e bile bothata haholo ho barupeluoa ba arolelanang boiphihlelo bona. Taba ea bobeli, liphuputso li fana ka maikutlo a hore ha liketsahalo tsa nts'etsopele li ntse li le teng, tse ling ha lia ka tsa amoheloa hantle, mohlala, hobane ba fanang ka koetliso ba ne ba sa nkoe e le ba ka tšeptjoang hobane ba ne ba se na boiphihlelo ba bolebeli kapa hobane ho ne ho bonahala hore ho na le mehato ea nakoana. . Ho bile le meipiletso ea hore ho be le litšebetso tse khethehileng tsa khalemelo le libaka tse kopanetsoeng moo baokameli ba neng ba ka buisana le baokameli ba nang le phihlelo ho e-na le ho rutoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa 'ho laola'. Liphuputso li bonts'itse hore litsela tse pakeng tsa ts'ebelisano-'moho le boeletsi hangata li ne li sa hlaka. Ho feta moo, ka bobeli li ne li sebelisoa e le mofuta o mong oa ntlafatso ea tlhokomelo. Likamano tse joalo li ne li fana ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa bakeng sa baokameli ba ba qalang ho utloisisa thuto e rarahaneng ea bolebeli ba morao-rao empa ka linako tse ling ba ne ba sitisoa ke ho se leka-lekane ha matla. Ho ile ha totobala ho pholletsa le data hore tsamaiso ke mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho ruta 'me o hloka ho nahanoa bonyane e le mokhoa oa ho ruta. Ho feta moo, taba ea karohano ea litsi e lokela ho shejoa hore lekala le fihlele lipheo tsa lona tse reriloeng tsa ho eketsa tlhahiso ea bongaka le ho kenya letsoho ka botlalo moruong oa tsebo. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
The Impact of Institutional Quality on the Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Growth: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa
- Authors: Moyo, Cecily
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Economic development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57947 , vital:58433
- Description: Over the last few decades since the independence of most African countries, which coincided with that of Asia, the economic growth between the two continents has not been the same. As an example, in the year 1965, exports and incomes per capita were much higher in Ghana compared to Korea and it was anticipated that this trend would continue into the future. But these projections were shown to be way off the mark as Koreas’ exports per capita overtook Ghana’s in 1972, and its income level surpassed Ghana’s four years later. Between 1965 and 1995 Korea’s exports increased by 400 times in current dollars. Meanwhile, Ghana’s increased only by 4 times, and real earnings per capita fell to a fraction of their earlier value (World Bank, 2000). This raises questions regarding the tools available for use in the pursuit of economic growth. This study then attempts to examine the role of institutional quality in moderating the impacts of fiscal policy on economic growth in sub-Saharan African economies. Objectives of the study firstly included the investigation of the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth, it then explored the effect of institutional quality on economic growth which was then followed by the analysis of whether the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth is dependent on institutional quality. This dissertation employs the Generalised Method of Moments to analyse the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth given institutional quality for sub-Saharan African countries for the period from 1996 to 2018. The findings show that the conduct of fiscal policy under improved institutional quality positively and significantly improve sub-Saharan African countries output. SSA countries should strengthen independent institutional bodies that prosecute economic crimes through employing participatory and transparent decision-making processes. Citizens should have freedom of association, expression and a free media. Also, African countries should support African agendas that are aligning with global development agenda. Sub-Saharan African countries should strengthen institutions that widen democratic space, civil liberty and the participation of citizen in the development agenda of a country. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Moyo, Cecily
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Fiscal policy , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Economic development
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57947 , vital:58433
- Description: Over the last few decades since the independence of most African countries, which coincided with that of Asia, the economic growth between the two continents has not been the same. As an example, in the year 1965, exports and incomes per capita were much higher in Ghana compared to Korea and it was anticipated that this trend would continue into the future. But these projections were shown to be way off the mark as Koreas’ exports per capita overtook Ghana’s in 1972, and its income level surpassed Ghana’s four years later. Between 1965 and 1995 Korea’s exports increased by 400 times in current dollars. Meanwhile, Ghana’s increased only by 4 times, and real earnings per capita fell to a fraction of their earlier value (World Bank, 2000). This raises questions regarding the tools available for use in the pursuit of economic growth. This study then attempts to examine the role of institutional quality in moderating the impacts of fiscal policy on economic growth in sub-Saharan African economies. Objectives of the study firstly included the investigation of the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth, it then explored the effect of institutional quality on economic growth which was then followed by the analysis of whether the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth is dependent on institutional quality. This dissertation employs the Generalised Method of Moments to analyse the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth given institutional quality for sub-Saharan African countries for the period from 1996 to 2018. The findings show that the conduct of fiscal policy under improved institutional quality positively and significantly improve sub-Saharan African countries output. SSA countries should strengthen independent institutional bodies that prosecute economic crimes through employing participatory and transparent decision-making processes. Citizens should have freedom of association, expression and a free media. Also, African countries should support African agendas that are aligning with global development agenda. Sub-Saharan African countries should strengthen institutions that widen democratic space, civil liberty and the participation of citizen in the development agenda of a country. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Ownership and occupation contestations in South Africa: the case of state housing in Buffalo City Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Msindo, Esteri Makotore
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Public housing South Africa Buffalo City , Squatters South Africa Buffalo City , Occupancy (Law) South Africa , Acquisition of property South Africa Buffalo City , Right of property South Africa Buffalo City , Sociology, Urban South Africa Buffalo City , Marginality, Social South Africa Buffalo City , Human rights South Africa , Acquisition of property Moral and ethical aspects South Africa Buffalo City , Urban poor South Africa Buffalo City Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232790 , vital:50025 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232790
- Description: This thesis examines contestations around access to state-provided housing or simply state housing in South Africa, using a case study of two sites in Buffalo City Municipality, and with a particular focus on occupation without ownership through informal and illegal means. While the South African state, based on an official human rights discourse and regime, seeks to provide state housing to the urban poor, massive housing backlogs continue to exist within urban spaces. As a result, the urban poor turn to self-provisioning through the construction of informal settlements or backyard shacks, waiting at times indefinitely to be allocated a state house via the official housing waiting lists. To overcome this problem, some amongst the urban poor opt to circumvent the process by invading and illegally occupying state houses, leading to occupation without ownership. In doing so, they draw upon their own moral rights-claims to justify their actions. The thesis examines the multiple causes for occupation and ownership contestations in the two research sites as well as the different forms that these contestations take. The study is framed theoretically in terms of a sociology of human rights, identifying and analysing how moral claims to rights amongst ordinary people often come into conflict with a legal-institutional conception of rights adopted by the state. The study also draws on a diverse array of theorists whose work speaks to the manner in which ordinary citizens develop their own ways of acting contrary to state officialdom. Using interpretive sociology, the study considers the views and practices of those illegally occupying houses without ownership and those who feel victimised by these informal actions. It considers these intra-community dynamics in light of the machinations of local state powerholders at municipal level. As with interpretive sociology, then, the thesis privileges social realms of meanings, interpretations, experiences and practices of human agents. Informal state housing occupations in the Buffalo City Municipality are caused by a number of factors related to state incapacity, weak policies and poor planning, corruption, resource constraints and so on. The study vividly demonstrates the tensions arising and existing between the South African state’s legal human rights regime and locally-constructed moral-rights regimes amongst the urban poor. This tension is seen in the interrelated phenomena of ‘occupation without ownership’ and ‘ownership without occupation’, as the poor draw upon and use ordinary logics of rights for recourse. The thesis shows how diverse rights regimes lead to intra-community conflict, in particular along generational and racial lines. , Thesis (PhD) -- Humanities, Sociology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Msindo, Esteri Makotore
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Public housing South Africa Buffalo City , Squatters South Africa Buffalo City , Occupancy (Law) South Africa , Acquisition of property South Africa Buffalo City , Right of property South Africa Buffalo City , Sociology, Urban South Africa Buffalo City , Marginality, Social South Africa Buffalo City , Human rights South Africa , Acquisition of property Moral and ethical aspects South Africa Buffalo City , Urban poor South Africa Buffalo City Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral thesis , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232790 , vital:50025 , DOI 10.21504/10962/232790
- Description: This thesis examines contestations around access to state-provided housing or simply state housing in South Africa, using a case study of two sites in Buffalo City Municipality, and with a particular focus on occupation without ownership through informal and illegal means. While the South African state, based on an official human rights discourse and regime, seeks to provide state housing to the urban poor, massive housing backlogs continue to exist within urban spaces. As a result, the urban poor turn to self-provisioning through the construction of informal settlements or backyard shacks, waiting at times indefinitely to be allocated a state house via the official housing waiting lists. To overcome this problem, some amongst the urban poor opt to circumvent the process by invading and illegally occupying state houses, leading to occupation without ownership. In doing so, they draw upon their own moral rights-claims to justify their actions. The thesis examines the multiple causes for occupation and ownership contestations in the two research sites as well as the different forms that these contestations take. The study is framed theoretically in terms of a sociology of human rights, identifying and analysing how moral claims to rights amongst ordinary people often come into conflict with a legal-institutional conception of rights adopted by the state. The study also draws on a diverse array of theorists whose work speaks to the manner in which ordinary citizens develop their own ways of acting contrary to state officialdom. Using interpretive sociology, the study considers the views and practices of those illegally occupying houses without ownership and those who feel victimised by these informal actions. It considers these intra-community dynamics in light of the machinations of local state powerholders at municipal level. As with interpretive sociology, then, the thesis privileges social realms of meanings, interpretations, experiences and practices of human agents. Informal state housing occupations in the Buffalo City Municipality are caused by a number of factors related to state incapacity, weak policies and poor planning, corruption, resource constraints and so on. The study vividly demonstrates the tensions arising and existing between the South African state’s legal human rights regime and locally-constructed moral-rights regimes amongst the urban poor. This tension is seen in the interrelated phenomena of ‘occupation without ownership’ and ‘ownership without occupation’, as the poor draw upon and use ordinary logics of rights for recourse. The thesis shows how diverse rights regimes lead to intra-community conflict, in particular along generational and racial lines. , Thesis (PhD) -- Humanities, Sociology, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Household food waste generation, disposal and minimisation in two South African towns
- Authors: Mtakati, Sinako
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Food waste South Africa Cradock , Food waste South Africa Middelburg (Eastern Cape) , Sanitary landfills Environmental aspects South Africa , Greenhouse gases Environmental aspects South Africa , Income distribution South Africa , Socio-economic status South Africa , Waste minimization South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232159 , vital:49967
- Description: Food waste is becoming an important issue considering greenhouse gas emissions from landfills. However, data on the quantities of food disposed remains limited, especially for developing, countries including South Africa. Global food waste estimates suggest that households in developed countries waste more food than those in developing countries. Further, research shows that lack of food waste management impacts negatively on the global efforts to combat food waste generation. I therefore set out to present primary data relating to household food waste generation and minimisation within a South African context. The case study covers two towns in the Eastern Cape province, namely Cradock and Middelburg, with a combined population of 55 352 people. Household food waste assessment and quantification was undertaken using two methods, 1) questionnaires to explore quantities of different types of food wasted by households, and 2) kitchen scales to measure the amounts of food discarded by households. Participating households in each suburb were selected randomly. Differences in shopping and household food waste behaviour in households from different income suburbs is vital to understand as it sets an effective approach to food waste interventions that might have a positive impact in minimising food waste generation. In this thesis, differences in shopping and household food waste behaviour across households in the affluent, middle and low-income suburbs is uncovered. A questionnaire was conducted and households in the affluent suburbs purchased food more frequently and had the highest percentage of respondents that used shopping list when buying food than those in the middle and low-income suburbs. The thesis also indicates that households in the low-income suburbs were more attracted to food special offers and had a higher proportion of respondents who could not distinguish between “Use by” and “Best before” dates than those in the affluent and middle- income suburbs. The reasons to food waste generation overlap between the towns. However, between the suburbs, the respondents from households in the affluent suburbs pointed that they were mainly generating and disposing food waste because they did not think it is an issue. Excessive cooking and food expiring before being consumed were found to be the most common reasons for food waste generation and disposal among households in the low and middle-income suburbs. The times which households are likely to generate more food waste were investigated. Nonetheless, only a few households indicated that there were times that they generated and disposed more food in the bins. The most cited times in the affluent suburbs were during Christmas (54%) and in summer (41%). Festive season (65%) and traditional ceremonies (37%) were the most cited times in the middle-income suburbs, while festive season (46%) and the summer season (36%) were the most cites among households in the low- income suburbs. The dimensions of shopping and household food waste behaviour is reflected in the types and quantities of food waste generated. The results reveal that vegetables were the most wasted food type in Cradock (26%) and in Middelburg (30%), while tinned food and dairy were the least discarded food types in both study towns with no significant differences in proportions of households discarding all six food types. One of the key results is that the average self-reported and weighed food waste generated per capita per annum for the two towns was 23.40±47.20 and 202.60±128.30 kg/capita/year, respectively as compared to the estimated 6-11 kg per annum in sub-Saharan Africa and South and Southeast Asia. Between the towns, Cradock generated more food waste (5.05±2.68 kg) than those in Middleburg (3.84±2.59 kg) in the previous 48 hours. It was also evident that each household and each person in Cradock generated more food waste at breakfast and the least at lunch, while in Middelburg the highest average amount of food waste generated was observed at supper and the least at lunch. The results indicate that household size and employment status were negatively correlated to food waste generation, while wealth status and gender were positively correlated to food waste generation. Majority of households (74% in Cradock and 73% in Middelburg) had no household food waste minimisation strategies implemented. The most cited strategies in place were cooking less frequently, cooking small portions and chopping and freezing vegetables as an anti-food waste strategy. Worth noting is that the small proportion of households with strategies in place are faced with a challenge of some household members showing unwillingness to effectively implement the strategies. The results also reveal that children wasted more food than adults, particularly girls. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Environmental Science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mtakati, Sinako
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Food waste South Africa Cradock , Food waste South Africa Middelburg (Eastern Cape) , Sanitary landfills Environmental aspects South Africa , Greenhouse gases Environmental aspects South Africa , Income distribution South Africa , Socio-economic status South Africa , Waste minimization South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232159 , vital:49967
- Description: Food waste is becoming an important issue considering greenhouse gas emissions from landfills. However, data on the quantities of food disposed remains limited, especially for developing, countries including South Africa. Global food waste estimates suggest that households in developed countries waste more food than those in developing countries. Further, research shows that lack of food waste management impacts negatively on the global efforts to combat food waste generation. I therefore set out to present primary data relating to household food waste generation and minimisation within a South African context. The case study covers two towns in the Eastern Cape province, namely Cradock and Middelburg, with a combined population of 55 352 people. Household food waste assessment and quantification was undertaken using two methods, 1) questionnaires to explore quantities of different types of food wasted by households, and 2) kitchen scales to measure the amounts of food discarded by households. Participating households in each suburb were selected randomly. Differences in shopping and household food waste behaviour in households from different income suburbs is vital to understand as it sets an effective approach to food waste interventions that might have a positive impact in minimising food waste generation. In this thesis, differences in shopping and household food waste behaviour across households in the affluent, middle and low-income suburbs is uncovered. A questionnaire was conducted and households in the affluent suburbs purchased food more frequently and had the highest percentage of respondents that used shopping list when buying food than those in the middle and low-income suburbs. The thesis also indicates that households in the low-income suburbs were more attracted to food special offers and had a higher proportion of respondents who could not distinguish between “Use by” and “Best before” dates than those in the affluent and middle- income suburbs. The reasons to food waste generation overlap between the towns. However, between the suburbs, the respondents from households in the affluent suburbs pointed that they were mainly generating and disposing food waste because they did not think it is an issue. Excessive cooking and food expiring before being consumed were found to be the most common reasons for food waste generation and disposal among households in the low and middle-income suburbs. The times which households are likely to generate more food waste were investigated. Nonetheless, only a few households indicated that there were times that they generated and disposed more food in the bins. The most cited times in the affluent suburbs were during Christmas (54%) and in summer (41%). Festive season (65%) and traditional ceremonies (37%) were the most cited times in the middle-income suburbs, while festive season (46%) and the summer season (36%) were the most cites among households in the low- income suburbs. The dimensions of shopping and household food waste behaviour is reflected in the types and quantities of food waste generated. The results reveal that vegetables were the most wasted food type in Cradock (26%) and in Middelburg (30%), while tinned food and dairy were the least discarded food types in both study towns with no significant differences in proportions of households discarding all six food types. One of the key results is that the average self-reported and weighed food waste generated per capita per annum for the two towns was 23.40±47.20 and 202.60±128.30 kg/capita/year, respectively as compared to the estimated 6-11 kg per annum in sub-Saharan Africa and South and Southeast Asia. Between the towns, Cradock generated more food waste (5.05±2.68 kg) than those in Middleburg (3.84±2.59 kg) in the previous 48 hours. It was also evident that each household and each person in Cradock generated more food waste at breakfast and the least at lunch, while in Middelburg the highest average amount of food waste generated was observed at supper and the least at lunch. The results indicate that household size and employment status were negatively correlated to food waste generation, while wealth status and gender were positively correlated to food waste generation. Majority of households (74% in Cradock and 73% in Middelburg) had no household food waste minimisation strategies implemented. The most cited strategies in place were cooking less frequently, cooking small portions and chopping and freezing vegetables as an anti-food waste strategy. Worth noting is that the small proportion of households with strategies in place are faced with a challenge of some household members showing unwillingness to effectively implement the strategies. The results also reveal that children wasted more food than adults, particularly girls. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Environmental Science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa
- Authors: Mthi, Yolokazi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Bus travel -- South Africa , Bus industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57969 , vital:58451
- Description: The transportation industry makes a significant contribution to the economy of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), national investment and employment, and plays an essential role in people’s daily lives. Within the transportation industry, this study specifically focused on long-distance coach liners. Long-distance coach liners add significant value to South Africa’s economy. However, no research focusing specifically on passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa exists. Thus, the study aims to fill this void by investigating passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa. The five dimensions of an experience, namely aesthetics, entertainment, peace of mind, economic value and efficiency were identified as potential dimensions of measuring passengers’ experience within a long-distance coach liner context to achieve the aim of the study. The study employed convenience and snowballing sampling to identify potential respondents. Primary data was collected utilising an online survey, SurveyMonkey, and 399 useable responses were received. To strengthen the validity of this study, inferential statistics were used to examine exploratory factor analysis to find latent factors. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was executed on the 44 items intended to measure the independent and dependent variables. The EFA was executed on the correlation matrix between the items. Five factors were extracted for the independent factors and one factor extracted as a dependent factor. A reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) was calculated for each factor to estimate the internal consistency of each of the items. The identified factors, with their respective items, were found to be reliable. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences between the mean score of selected profile variables (age, occupation, travel purpose and frequency with which respondents had travelled by long-distance coach liner) and the study's identified factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the influence or predictive effect that one or more (independent) variables has concerning the other (dependent) variable. In the current study, multiple regression analysis was utilised to examine the influence of the independent factors on the dependent variable. vi The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between factors such as aesthetics, entertainment, peace of mind, economic value and efficiency and passengers’ satisfaction. This implies that all the independent factors influence passengers’ satisfaction. However, only two factors namely efficiency (ꞵ=0.455, p=0.000) and peace of mind (ꞵ=0.552, p=0.000) were found to be significant predictors of passengers’ satisfaction. This implies that when efficiency and peace of mind are improved, customer satisfaction will also increase. Based on the findings of the study, valuable recommendations were highlighted in Chapter 6 of the study. The study will make important contributions. Firstly, the findings will assist long-distance coach liner businesses to improve their competitive position by enhancing the experiences and satisfaction that they offer to passengers. Secondly, the study contributes to the literature on passengers’ experience and satisfaction within the transportation industry in South Africa. Thirdly, the empirical results will serve as a foundation for future research. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mthi, Yolokazi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Bus travel -- South Africa , Bus industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57969 , vital:58451
- Description: The transportation industry makes a significant contribution to the economy of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), national investment and employment, and plays an essential role in people’s daily lives. Within the transportation industry, this study specifically focused on long-distance coach liners. Long-distance coach liners add significant value to South Africa’s economy. However, no research focusing specifically on passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa exists. Thus, the study aims to fill this void by investigating passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa. The five dimensions of an experience, namely aesthetics, entertainment, peace of mind, economic value and efficiency were identified as potential dimensions of measuring passengers’ experience within a long-distance coach liner context to achieve the aim of the study. The study employed convenience and snowballing sampling to identify potential respondents. Primary data was collected utilising an online survey, SurveyMonkey, and 399 useable responses were received. To strengthen the validity of this study, inferential statistics were used to examine exploratory factor analysis to find latent factors. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was executed on the 44 items intended to measure the independent and dependent variables. The EFA was executed on the correlation matrix between the items. Five factors were extracted for the independent factors and one factor extracted as a dependent factor. A reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) was calculated for each factor to estimate the internal consistency of each of the items. The identified factors, with their respective items, were found to be reliable. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences between the mean score of selected profile variables (age, occupation, travel purpose and frequency with which respondents had travelled by long-distance coach liner) and the study's identified factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the influence or predictive effect that one or more (independent) variables has concerning the other (dependent) variable. In the current study, multiple regression analysis was utilised to examine the influence of the independent factors on the dependent variable. vi The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between factors such as aesthetics, entertainment, peace of mind, economic value and efficiency and passengers’ satisfaction. This implies that all the independent factors influence passengers’ satisfaction. However, only two factors namely efficiency (ꞵ=0.455, p=0.000) and peace of mind (ꞵ=0.552, p=0.000) were found to be significant predictors of passengers’ satisfaction. This implies that when efficiency and peace of mind are improved, customer satisfaction will also increase. Based on the findings of the study, valuable recommendations were highlighted in Chapter 6 of the study. The study will make important contributions. Firstly, the findings will assist long-distance coach liner businesses to improve their competitive position by enhancing the experiences and satisfaction that they offer to passengers. Secondly, the study contributes to the literature on passengers’ experience and satisfaction within the transportation industry in South Africa. Thirdly, the empirical results will serve as a foundation for future research. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa
- Authors: Mthi, Yolokazi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Transportation--South Africa , Buses-South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55679 , vital:53406
- Description: The transportation industry makes a significant contribution to the economy of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), national investment and employment, and plays an essential role in people’s daily lives. Within the transportation industry, this study specifically focused on long-distance coach liners. Long-distance coach liners add significant value to South Africa’s economy. However, no research focusing specifically on passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa exists. Thus, the study aims to fill this void by investigating passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa. The five dimensions of an experience, namely aesthetics, entertainment, peace of mind, economic value and efficiency were identified as potential dimensions of measuring passengers’ experience within a long-distance coach liner context to achieve the aim of the study. The study employed convenience and snowballing sampling to identify potential respondents. Primary data was collected utilising an online survey, SurveyMonkey, and 399 useable responses were received. To strengthen the validity of this study, inferential statistics were used to examine exploratory factor analysis to find latent factors. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was executed on the 44 items intended to measure the independent and dependent variables. The EFA was executed on the correlation matrix between the items. Five factors were extracted for the independent factors and one factor extracted as a dependent factor. A reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) was calculated for each factor to estimate the internal consistency of each of the items. The identified factors, with their respective items, were found to be reliable. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences between the mean score of selected profile variables (age, occupation, travel purpose and frequency with which respondents had travelled by long-distance coach liner) and the study's identified factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the influence or predictive effect that one or more (independent) variables has concerning the other (dependent) variable. In the current study, multiple regression analysis was utilised to examine the influence of the independent factors on the dependent variable. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Marketing Management, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mthi, Yolokazi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Transportation--South Africa , Buses-South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55679 , vital:53406
- Description: The transportation industry makes a significant contribution to the economy of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), national investment and employment, and plays an essential role in people’s daily lives. Within the transportation industry, this study specifically focused on long-distance coach liners. Long-distance coach liners add significant value to South Africa’s economy. However, no research focusing specifically on passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa exists. Thus, the study aims to fill this void by investigating passengers’ perceived experience and satisfaction with long-distance coach liners in South Africa. The five dimensions of an experience, namely aesthetics, entertainment, peace of mind, economic value and efficiency were identified as potential dimensions of measuring passengers’ experience within a long-distance coach liner context to achieve the aim of the study. The study employed convenience and snowballing sampling to identify potential respondents. Primary data was collected utilising an online survey, SurveyMonkey, and 399 useable responses were received. To strengthen the validity of this study, inferential statistics were used to examine exploratory factor analysis to find latent factors. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was executed on the 44 items intended to measure the independent and dependent variables. The EFA was executed on the correlation matrix between the items. Five factors were extracted for the independent factors and one factor extracted as a dependent factor. A reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) was calculated for each factor to estimate the internal consistency of each of the items. The identified factors, with their respective items, were found to be reliable. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences between the mean score of selected profile variables (age, occupation, travel purpose and frequency with which respondents had travelled by long-distance coach liner) and the study's identified factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the influence or predictive effect that one or more (independent) variables has concerning the other (dependent) variable. In the current study, multiple regression analysis was utilised to examine the influence of the independent factors on the dependent variable. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Marketing Management, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04
Linkage to care of HIV clients following diagnosis in Engcobo Sub-district, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mthini, Sandiso
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Primary care (Medicine) , HIV infections AIDS (Disease) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27017 , vital:66223
- Description: Background: “Linkage to care” is an essential strategy in place for the retention of HIV diagnosed clients on treatment. It is vital throughout the management and care of an HIV client. Aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of “linkage to care” of HIV clients following the diagnosis in the Engcobo sub-district, Eastern cape. Methodology: Qualitative, explorative, descriptive study design was used to explore and describe the effectiveness of “linkage to care” of HIV clients following diagnosis in the Engcobo sub-district. The population for the study were all healthcare workers, who are involved in the program of “linkage to care” of HIV positive clients. Purposive Sampling was used to select professional nurses, Community healthcare workers, Lay counsellors, linkage officers who are involved in the linkage of HIV positive patients and the facility managers whom their facilities provide HIV care services. Interview guide was used to collect data and Tesch’s method was used to analyse data. Findings: Themes that emerged from the study were flexible time to “linkage to care”; use of different policies; administration; team activities and “linkage to care” benefits. Recommendations: Training on “linkage to care”; case management model; TIER.NET system upgrade/ linkage App development, patient information packs; standardised extended hours; transport assistance/outreach mobile services. Conclusion “Linkage to care” is a team effort, it needs collaboration and knowledge. Despite the implementation of a linkage program, there are challenges that the department of health needs to act on as addressed on researcher’s recommendations. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mthini, Sandiso
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Primary care (Medicine) , HIV infections AIDS (Disease) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27017 , vital:66223
- Description: Background: “Linkage to care” is an essential strategy in place for the retention of HIV diagnosed clients on treatment. It is vital throughout the management and care of an HIV client. Aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of “linkage to care” of HIV clients following the diagnosis in the Engcobo sub-district, Eastern cape. Methodology: Qualitative, explorative, descriptive study design was used to explore and describe the effectiveness of “linkage to care” of HIV clients following diagnosis in the Engcobo sub-district. The population for the study were all healthcare workers, who are involved in the program of “linkage to care” of HIV positive clients. Purposive Sampling was used to select professional nurses, Community healthcare workers, Lay counsellors, linkage officers who are involved in the linkage of HIV positive patients and the facility managers whom their facilities provide HIV care services. Interview guide was used to collect data and Tesch’s method was used to analyse data. Findings: Themes that emerged from the study were flexible time to “linkage to care”; use of different policies; administration; team activities and “linkage to care” benefits. Recommendations: Training on “linkage to care”; case management model; TIER.NET system upgrade/ linkage App development, patient information packs; standardised extended hours; transport assistance/outreach mobile services. Conclusion “Linkage to care” is a team effort, it needs collaboration and knowledge. Despite the implementation of a linkage program, there are challenges that the department of health needs to act on as addressed on researcher’s recommendations. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04
The future of the property valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040
- Mthuli, Malusi Phola Lusanda
- Authors: Mthuli, Malusi Phola Lusanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Real property -- Valuation , Real estate development , Property -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57980 , vital:58456
- Description: Valuers within the property valuation profession are ageing while the scope and demand for their work is increasing. The main objective of this study was to explore current challenges and forecast the probable futures of the property valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. In so doing, it sought to address the deficiency in research regarding the property valuation profession in the country. The study employed a futures methodology framework, namely the Future Studies Approach, as its core research tool that incorporates The Futures Triangle. The Causal Layered Analysis was applied as a secondary approach to guide the theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a conveniently selected sample of seven qualified professional valuers. The results are diagnostic of the current challenges within the profession and contribute to the development of a set of ‘preferred futures’. The professional valuers were expected to identify a preferred path from the current reality as a departure point. The findings suggested that there were structural and systematic issues, as well as inherent organisational issues confronting the professionals and the profession. Valuers were hopeful about the future of the profession and considered their knowledge and expertise as invaluable in the country. The main challenges identified are linked to the lack of professional legitimacy and authority, stagnant diversity, poor finances, uncoordinated education and the lack of mentorship and accreditation of valuers. Contrary to expectations, the findings showed some optimism in the sustainability of the profession despite varying views by the participants. The deduced possible futures weighed in favour of a marked shortage of experienced professionals due to the lack of interest by younger professionals and a constrained transfer of skills. Probable futures are largely characterised by gloom that is linked to the attrition of skills and loss of prestige, and which will threaten the economic viability of the profession. Preferred futures entail a diverse demographic composition and sound skills base within professional ranks. The study recommends actions to be taken in order to create alternative futures in the present, as an antidote to the gloomy future of the valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Mthuli, Malusi Phola Lusanda
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Real property -- Valuation , Real estate development , Property -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57980 , vital:58456
- Description: Valuers within the property valuation profession are ageing while the scope and demand for their work is increasing. The main objective of this study was to explore current challenges and forecast the probable futures of the property valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. In so doing, it sought to address the deficiency in research regarding the property valuation profession in the country. The study employed a futures methodology framework, namely the Future Studies Approach, as its core research tool that incorporates The Futures Triangle. The Causal Layered Analysis was applied as a secondary approach to guide the theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a conveniently selected sample of seven qualified professional valuers. The results are diagnostic of the current challenges within the profession and contribute to the development of a set of ‘preferred futures’. The professional valuers were expected to identify a preferred path from the current reality as a departure point. The findings suggested that there were structural and systematic issues, as well as inherent organisational issues confronting the professionals and the profession. Valuers were hopeful about the future of the profession and considered their knowledge and expertise as invaluable in the country. The main challenges identified are linked to the lack of professional legitimacy and authority, stagnant diversity, poor finances, uncoordinated education and the lack of mentorship and accreditation of valuers. Contrary to expectations, the findings showed some optimism in the sustainability of the profession despite varying views by the participants. The deduced possible futures weighed in favour of a marked shortage of experienced professionals due to the lack of interest by younger professionals and a constrained transfer of skills. Probable futures are largely characterised by gloom that is linked to the attrition of skills and loss of prestige, and which will threaten the economic viability of the profession. Preferred futures entail a diverse demographic composition and sound skills base within professional ranks. The study recommends actions to be taken in order to create alternative futures in the present, as an antidote to the gloomy future of the valuation profession in South Africa towards 2040. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04