http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9279 Wed 30 Aug 2017 16:10:52 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1675 Wed 12 Oct 2022 10:00:00 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9946 Wed 12 May 2021 23:50:45 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9562 Wed 12 May 2021 23:37:30 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10438 Wed 12 May 2021 23:13:27 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1484 Wed 12 May 2021 22:50:04 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10453 Wed 12 May 2021 22:30:17 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4009 50%). Thus, it can be concluded that the cavities of apoferitin and GroEL acted as nanobiofactories for the synthesis and confinement of the size and shape of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the interior of these proteins provided a shielding effect for these nanoparticles and thus reduced/prevented their possible neurotoxic effect and confirmed safety in their method of production and application. The findings from this study would prove beneficial in the application of these nanoparticles as a potential drug/drug delivery vehicle for the prevention, treatment/management of diseases associated with these enzymes/proteins.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 22:22:09 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10630 70 percent). It was observed that browsing on trees resulted in a clear browse-line and browsing on propagules mainly by goats resulted in reduced seedling establishment in most of the estuaries except those in protected areas. Mangroves had re-established in estuaries where they had been previously lost but mouth closure due to drought and sea storms resulted in the mass die back of mangroves in the Kobonqaba Estuary. There was a total loss of 31.5 ha in mangrove area cover in the last 30 years and this was a total reduction of 10.5 ha (11 percent) for every decade. This is high considering that the present total mangrove area cover is only 240.6 ha for all the Transkei estuaries. In this study it was concluded that the anthropogenic impacts such as livestock browsing and trampling as well as harvesting in these estuaries contributed most to the mangrove degradation as these are continuous pressures occurring over long periods and are expected to increase in future with increasing human population. Natural changes such as sea storms occur less frequently but could result in large scale destruction over shorter periods. Examples of these are mouth closure that result in mangrove mass mortality as well as strong floods which destroy forest by scouring of the banks.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 21:00:01 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4378 Wed 12 May 2021 20:56:27 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10689 50 years of impacts on the thicket shrub community and test their spatial and temporal extent near water. I confirm the vulnerability of thicket to transformation (particularly near water) as the accumulated influences of elephant reduce community composition and structure, and predict that these impacts will eventually bring about landscape-level degradation and a significant loss of biodiversity. Importantly, results show an uneven distribution of effects between elements of this community: from community composition and structure, to the structure of individual canopy species and ecological functioning. While these findings confound our interpretation of the extent of the impacts, it demonstrates the importance of explicitly recognizing biodiversity and heterogeneity for the conservation management of elephant. Finally, I test the consequences of the impacts for coexisting rhinoceros. While I show that this causes rhinoceros to change their foraging strategies in the presence of elephant at high densities, I also show that elephant may facilitate access to food for rhinoceros at reduced densities. These findings indicate the importance of elephant in driving the structure and composition of the thicket shrub community and the consequences of this for coexisting large herbivores. Thus, developing a predictive understanding of the spatial and temporal variations of elephant impacts between elements of biodiversity and the mechanisms driving these changes are key to their management. This implies that the effective conservation management of elephant can only be achieved through the careful, scientific design of monitoring programmes.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 20:53:58 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8434 Wed 12 May 2021 20:22:38 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5534 Wed 12 May 2021 20:15:43 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10139 Wed 12 May 2021 20:04:41 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10472 Wed 12 May 2021 19:25:08 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9705 Wed 12 May 2021 19:17:03 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4607 Wed 12 May 2021 19:09:32 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9442 Wed 12 May 2021 18:59:59 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9149 Wed 12 May 2021 18:49:18 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4326 Wed 12 May 2021 18:29:03 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5748 Wed 12 May 2021 18:28:57 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:20581 Wed 12 May 2021 18:17:48 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1488 Wed 12 May 2021 18:17:34 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9508 Wed 12 May 2021 18:17:32 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:11572 Wed 12 May 2021 18:15:51 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10688 Wed 12 May 2021 17:58:04 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10663 Wed 12 May 2021 17:55:37 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4143 Wed 12 May 2021 17:50:37 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1913 Wed 12 May 2021 17:38:01 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10452 Wed 12 May 2021 17:31:05 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5454 Wed 12 May 2021 17:16:47 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2784 Wed 12 May 2021 17:15:53 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4333 Wed 12 May 2021 16:52:04 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10709 Wed 12 May 2021 16:49:13 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3862 Wed 12 May 2021 16:47:29 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10549 Wed 12 May 2021 16:30:14 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4534 Wed 12 May 2021 16:27:58 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1006 Wed 12 May 2021 16:27:00 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4410 Wed 12 May 2021 16:23:34 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4320 99%) oxidation was achieved for an extended period. In addition, leaching of vanadium was mitigated by modification of the attached ligand or polymer material.]]> Wed 12 May 2021 16:19:47 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9303 Wed 12 May 2021 16:18:12 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9690 Wed 12 May 2021 16:18:02 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9387 Wed 12 May 2021 16:14:35 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10708 Wed 12 May 2021 16:11:36 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10482 Wed 12 May 2021 16:04:46 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9691 Wed 12 May 2021 15:58:42 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1021 Wed 12 May 2021 15:57:09 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10489 Wed 12 May 2021 15:51:55 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1689 Tue 22 Nov 2022 10:29:59 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:6042 Thu 15 Jul 2021 20:34:36 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3308 Thu 13 May 2021 09:48:29 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:26423 Thu 13 May 2021 08:53:16 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9324 Thu 13 May 2021 08:18:37 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10637 7 days) but could survive submergence of short duration (< 7 days) through continuous underwater photosynthesis, accumulation of osmolytes such as oxalic acid and carotenoid, and maintenance of relative water content and succulence within control levels. When considered together, results showed that the two upper intertidal species were sensitive to waterlogging and would not survive complete submergence, whereas the lower intertidal species could in addition to its natural range, thrive in conditions typical of the upper intertidal range, namely prolonged dry conditions and high sediment salinity. These results have important implications for the future management of salt marshes under predicted climate change conditions. In permanently open South African estuaries, a landward migration of salt marsh will be possible if coastal squeeze is limited and the rate of landward recruitment is on par with sea level rise. In this case salt marsh species would retain their current zonation while shifting inland. Increased sea storms and saltwater intrusion could lead to high salinity concentration in the sediment and significantly reduce growth of salt-sensitive plants. In estuaries that are temporarily open to the sea, reduced freshwater inflow will result in an increase in mouth closure, high water levels, prolonged submergence, and consequently die back of salt marsh vegetation. On the other hand increased abstraction and drought would result in low water levels and high sediment salinity which would decrease growth and survival of salt marsh. This research has provided new knowledge on the ecophysiology of salt marsh plants which can be used to predict the responses of plants to climate change.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 07:33:25 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10559 Thu 13 May 2021 07:18:21 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:28538 Thu 13 May 2021 07:11:33 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9699 Thu 13 May 2021 07:01:28 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3323 Thu 13 May 2021 07:00:26 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5227 Thu 13 May 2021 06:47:50 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5580 Thu 13 May 2021 06:37:27 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9721 Thu 13 May 2021 06:27:03 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10140 Thu 13 May 2021 06:20:46 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10607 Thu 13 May 2021 06:16:18 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:6041 Thu 13 May 2021 06:03:25 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:8257 Thu 13 May 2021 05:51:03 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3316 Thu 13 May 2021 05:43:26 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4337 Thu 13 May 2021 05:17:41 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5372 Thu 13 May 2021 05:05:59 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5464 Thu 13 May 2021 05:04:36 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:6029 Thu 13 May 2021 04:30:44 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1181 Thu 13 May 2021 04:29:25 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5373 Thu 13 May 2021 04:28:03 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5374 600 km) between aggregation and spawning areas. This uncertainty in the level of connectivity among coastal regions was addressed using mitochondrial DNA sequencing and genotyping of microsatellite repeat loci in the nuclear genome, which showed no evidence of major geographic barriers to gene flow in this species. Samples collected throughout the white steenbras core distribution showed high genetic diversity, low genetic differentiation and no evidence of isolation by distance or localised spawning. Although historically dominant in several fisheries, analysis of long-term commercial and recreational catch data for white steenbras indicated considerable declines and ultimately stock collapse. Improved catch-per-unit-effort in two large MPAs subsequent to closure confirmed that MPAs can be effective for the protection of white steenbras. However, the current MPA network encompasses a low proportion of sandy shoreline, for which white steenbras exhibits an affinity. Many MPAs do not prohibit recreational shore angling, which currently accounts for the greatest proportion of the total annual catch. Furthermore, EPAs within the juvenile distribution protect a negligible proportion of the total available surface area of estuaries – habitat on which white steenbras is wholly dependent. Despite some evidence of recent increases in abundance in estuaries and the surf zone in certain areas, white steenbras meets the criteria for “Endangered” on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, and for “Protected species” status on the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act of South Africa. The species requires improved management, with consideration for its life-history style, estuarine dependency, surf zone residency, predictable spawning migrations and its poor conservation status. The multidisciplinary approach provides valuable information towards an improved scientific basis for the management of white steenbras and a framework for research that can be adopted for other overexploited, estuarine-associated coastal fishery species.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 04:06:38 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10404 Thu 13 May 2021 04:05:40 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4314 Thu 13 May 2021 04:04:18 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10668 Thu 13 May 2021 03:57:49 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4313 Thu 13 May 2021 03:38:11 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1003 Thu 13 May 2021 03:12:00 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5778 Thu 13 May 2021 03:03:20 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9450 Thu 13 May 2021 03:01:32 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4400 Thu 13 May 2021 02:57:41 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10619 Thu 13 May 2021 02:22:04 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9809 Thu 13 May 2021 02:12:41 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10687 Thu 13 May 2021 01:55:52 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:2424 Thu 13 May 2021 01:54:54 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9513 Thu 13 May 2021 01:50:02 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:9027 Thu 13 May 2021 01:47:12 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:1552 Thu 13 May 2021 01:42:27 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4309 97 % in selectively extracting the aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2). High reproducibility marked by the low %RSDs of < 1% and low LODs of ≤ 0.02 ng/g were calculated in all cases. The LODs were within the monitoring requirements of the European Commission. The results were validated with a peanut butter certified reference material. The chlorophyll MIP on the other hand selectively removed chlorophyll that would otherwise interfere during pesticide residue analysis (PRA) from > 0.6 to <0.09 Au in green plants extracts. The extracted chlorophyll was removed to far below the level of ≥ 0.399 Au that is usually associated with interference during PRA. Furthermore, the MIP demonstrated better selectivity by removing only chlorophyll (> 99%) in the presence of planar pesticides than the currently employed graphitized carbon black (GCB) that removed both the chlorophyll (> 88%) and planar pesticides (> 89%). For the interfering cholic acid during drug residue analysis, cholic acid MIP electrospun nanofibers demonstrated to be more sensitive and possessing higher loading capacity than the MIP particles. 100% cholic acid was removed by the nanofibers from standard solutions relative to 80% by the particles. This showed that the nanofibers have better performance than the micro particles and as such have potential to replace the particle based SPE sorbents that are currently in use. All the templates were optimally removed from the prepared MIPs by employing a novel pressurized hot water extraction template removal method that was used for the first time in this thesis. The method employed only water, an environmentally friendly solvent to remove templates to ≥ 99.6% with template residual bleeding of ≤ 0.02%.]]> Thu 13 May 2021 01:07:56 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:10483 Thu 13 May 2021 00:30:52 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:5627 Thu 13 May 2021 00:20:38 SAST ]]> http://vital.seals.ac.za:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:4606 Mon 06 May 2024 05:23:01 SAST ]]>