- Title
- Evaluating the potential of monometallic and bimetallic nanomaterials as horseradish peroxidase mimetics
- Creator
- Mvango, Sindisiwe
- Subject
- Uncatalogued
- Date Issued
- 2017
- Date
- 2017
- Type
- Master's theses
- Type
- text
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65134
- Identifier
- vital:28694
- Description
- This study presents the synthesis of citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (cit-AuNPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), glutathione-capped gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs), 4- aminothiophenol-capped gold nanoparticles (4-ATP-AuNPs), 4-mercapto benzoic acid- capped gold nanoparticles (4-MBA-AuNPs) and copper oxide gold nanoalloys (CuO-Au nanoalloys). Microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were used to confirm the successful synthesis of these nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were studied their potential applications as horseradish peroxidase (HPR) enzyme mimetics and for the detection of glucose. The cit-AuNPs and GSH-AuNPs exhibited peroxidase-like activity towards hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with high Michaelis-Menten (Km) values of 61.5 mM and 30.8 mM, respectively. The other nanoparticles, that is, 4-ATP-AuNPs, CuONPs and CuO-Au nanoalloys gave lower Km values of 4.74 mM, 1.92 mM and 4.05 mM, respectively. The obtained Km values were comparable to those of HRP enzymes which ranged from 0.214 - 3.70 mM with 4-ATP-AuNPs and CuO-Au nanoalloys slightly higher. These values were within the reasonable experimental values of the HRP enzyme. The studies showed that the gold nanoparticles had low adsorptive efficiency towards H2O2 compared to the copper-based nanoparticles (CuONPs and CuO-Au nanoalloys). The CuO-Au nanoalloys also showed the synergistic effect between the gold and copper nanoparticles with extended linear concentration range for the quantification of H2O2. The mechanism of catalysis was confirmed using UV-vis spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in that the generation of reactive oxygen species was observed. The use of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as radical quencher and 5,5- dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) as a radical scavenger confirmed the production of reductive reactive oxygen species using UV-vis and EPR studies. The rate of production of reactive oxygen species in the gold-based nanoparticles was small compared to the copper-based nanoparticles, that is CuONPs and CuO-Au (bimetallic) nanoalloys. The synthesized nanoparticles were further studied their potential use in the colorimetric detection of glucose. The copper-based nanomaterials, CuONPs and CuO-Au nanoalloys, were excellent towards detection of glucose, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 9.34 pM for CuONPs and 6.75 pM for CuO-Au nanoalloys. The linear concentration (LCR) range of CuONPs was 0 to 70 pM and for CuO-Au nanoalloys the LCR was 0.0 - 30 pM.
- Description
- Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Chemistry, 2017
- Format
- computer
- Format
- online resource
- Format
- application/pdf
- Format
- 1 online resource (161 pages)
- Format
- Publisher
- Rhodes University
- Publisher
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry
- Language
- English
- Rights
- Mvango, Sindisiwe
- Rights
- Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- Rights
- Open Access
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RU Department of Chemistry
| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | SOURCE1 | Adobe Acrobat PDF | 14 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |