- Title
- Top-Down Synthesis of a Lamivudine-Zidovudine Nano Co-Crystal
- Creator
- Witika, Bwalya A
- Creator
- Smith, Vincent J
- Creator
- Walker, Roderick B
- Subject
- To be catalogued
- Date Issued
- 2021
- Date
- 2021
- Type
- text
- Type
- article
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/10962/183172
- Identifier
- vital:43918
- Identifier
- xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010033"
- Description
- Lamivudine (3TC) and zidovudine (AZT) are antiretroviral agents used to manage HIV/AIDS infection. A wet media milling top-down approach was used to develop and produce nano co-crystals of 3TC and AZT. Micro co-crystals were prepared by solvent evaporation and subsequently milled in the presence of two surfactants, viz., sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (TPGS 1000). Optimisation was undertaken using design of experiments (DoE) and response surface methodology (RSM) to establish and identify parameters that may affect the manufacturing of nano co-crystals. The impact of SLS and TPGS 1000 concentration, milling time, and number of units of milling medium on the manufacturing of nano co-crystals, was investigated. The critical quality attributes (CQA) monitored were particle size (PS), Zeta potential (ZP), and polydispersity index (PDI). Powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy scanning electron microscopy, and cytotoxicity assays were used for additional characterization of the optimised nano co-crystal. The mean PS, PDI, and ZP of the optimised top-down nanocrystal were 271.0 ± 92.0 nm, 0.467 ± 0.073, and −41.9 ± 3.94 mV, respectively. In conclusion, a simple, inexpensive, rapid, and precise method of nano co-crystal manufacturing was developed, validated, and optimised using DoE and RSM, and the final product exhibited the target CQA.
- Format
- computer
- Format
- online resource
- Format
- application/pdf
- Format
- 1 online resource (18 pages)
- Format
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Language
- English
- Relation
- Crystals
- Relation
- Witika, B.A., Smith, V.J. and Walker, R.B., 2021. Top-Down Synthesis of a Lamivudine-Zidovudine Nano Co-Crystal. Crystals, 11(1), p.33
- Relation
- Crystals volume 11 number 1 p. 33 2021 2073-4352
- Rights
- Publisher
- Rights
- Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the MDPI Open Access Statement (https://www.int-res.com/journals/terms-of-use/)
- Rights
- Open Access
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Collections
Smith, Vincent J (Dr)
Walker, Roderick Bryan (Prof)
RU Department of Pharmacy
| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | SOURCE1 | Top-Down Synthesis of a Lamivudine-Zidovudine Nano Co-Crystal.pdf | 3 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |