Holding a mirror up to Academic Development through the HELTASA (un) conferencing methodology
- Williams, Sandra, Adams, Anthea, Geduld-van Wyk, Charlene, Muhuro, Patricia
- Authors: Williams, Sandra , Adams, Anthea , Geduld-van Wyk, Charlene , Muhuro, Patricia
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/425705 , vital:72277 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.14426/cristal.v12iSI1.2117"
- Description: We, Academic Development (AD) practitioners, question whether AD's objective in South Africa (SA) as a'liberatory educational and social movement'to enhance educational quality for all students, is effectively pursued. AD practitioners often work on the fringes of the academy, fighting for relevance and legitimacy within an increasingly performative and managerialist academic culture. Despite innovative AD initiatives AD work is criticised for being unresponsive, unreflexive, conformist, and lacking theoretical, scholarly, and critical engagement. We use critical pedagogical praxis, particularly the constructs of critique, reflexivity, power, and self-reflection, to interrogate the continuous tension between AD intention and practice. Through (un) conference methodology, this auto-ethnographic account of individual and collective engagements, using the" holding the mirror up" metaphor, critically questioned the tension and misalignments between the AD mandate and practices. Although in a SA higher education context, this research could be beneficial to HE contexts globally, given the ubiquity of AD work.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Williams, Sandra , Adams, Anthea , Geduld-van Wyk, Charlene , Muhuro, Patricia
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/425705 , vital:72277 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.14426/cristal.v12iSI1.2117"
- Description: We, Academic Development (AD) practitioners, question whether AD's objective in South Africa (SA) as a'liberatory educational and social movement'to enhance educational quality for all students, is effectively pursued. AD practitioners often work on the fringes of the academy, fighting for relevance and legitimacy within an increasingly performative and managerialist academic culture. Despite innovative AD initiatives AD work is criticised for being unresponsive, unreflexive, conformist, and lacking theoretical, scholarly, and critical engagement. We use critical pedagogical praxis, particularly the constructs of critique, reflexivity, power, and self-reflection, to interrogate the continuous tension between AD intention and practice. Through (un) conference methodology, this auto-ethnographic account of individual and collective engagements, using the" holding the mirror up" metaphor, critically questioned the tension and misalignments between the AD mandate and practices. Although in a SA higher education context, this research could be beneficial to HE contexts globally, given the ubiquity of AD work.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Human–crocodile interactions in the western Solomon Islands: the importance of local data for reducing attacks on people
- Aswani, Shankar, Matanzima, Joshua
- Authors: Aswani, Shankar , Matanzima, Joshua
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439922 , vital:73720 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S003060532300176X"
- Description: Interactions between people and the saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus frequently occur on islands and in coastal regions. Saltwater crocodiles impact people's lives and livelihoods by attacking them, resulting in minor or serious injuries, and by interfering in people's foraging activities. Retaliation may include killing the crocodiles involved. To reduce such human–crocodile interactions, data about the occurrence of incidents are required. We present data on encounters with crocodiles and attacks on people in the Roviana Lagoon, Solomon Islands. Data includes time of incident, gender, age and activity of the victim, water conditions and what happened to the crocodile after the incident. We used a questionnaire to capture the details of incidents that occurred during 2000–2020 in the villages of Dunde, Baraulu, Nusa Hope and Kozou. Most incidents were in the evening, mostly involving women, and most victims were aged 20–39 years or ≥ 60 years. In all cases people were attacked while gleaning for shellfish in the mangroves. Attacks occurred irrespective of whether the water was clear or murky, and in all cases the crocodiles were not killed. Such site-specific data will facilitate the formulation of strategies for reducing negative interactions between people and crocodiles in this particular location. Although the saltwater crocodile is categorized as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, research such as this provides data that can be used for promoting coexistence with and conservation of this species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Aswani, Shankar , Matanzima, Joshua
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/439922 , vital:73720 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S003060532300176X"
- Description: Interactions between people and the saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus frequently occur on islands and in coastal regions. Saltwater crocodiles impact people's lives and livelihoods by attacking them, resulting in minor or serious injuries, and by interfering in people's foraging activities. Retaliation may include killing the crocodiles involved. To reduce such human–crocodile interactions, data about the occurrence of incidents are required. We present data on encounters with crocodiles and attacks on people in the Roviana Lagoon, Solomon Islands. Data includes time of incident, gender, age and activity of the victim, water conditions and what happened to the crocodile after the incident. We used a questionnaire to capture the details of incidents that occurred during 2000–2020 in the villages of Dunde, Baraulu, Nusa Hope and Kozou. Most incidents were in the evening, mostly involving women, and most victims were aged 20–39 years or ≥ 60 years. In all cases people were attacked while gleaning for shellfish in the mangroves. Attacks occurred irrespective of whether the water was clear or murky, and in all cases the crocodiles were not killed. Such site-specific data will facilitate the formulation of strategies for reducing negative interactions between people and crocodiles in this particular location. Although the saltwater crocodile is categorized as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, research such as this provides data that can be used for promoting coexistence with and conservation of this species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Ideologies of Colonial-Apartheid Linguistic Order
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455314 , vital:75420 , ISBN 978-3-031-54914-4 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54915-1_5
- Description: 7de Laan uses primarily Afrikaans and English, with indigenous languages used instantly; My Desire is dubbed from Hindi to English only. The chapter aims to demonstrate how using English and Afrikaans in 7de Laan and dubbing Hindi into English in My Desire promote ideologies of Colonial-Apartheid linguistic order. The chapter argues that the use of Afrikaans in 7de Laan and English dubbing in My Desire are primarily homogenous. When indigenous languages are excluded in 7de Laan and dubbing in My Desire, it is not just about 7de Laan being an Afrikaans soap opera or My Desire promoting English over indigenous languages. This is also about creating an environment where the Colonial-Apartheid linguistic order can be established and sold to viewers. It is about rejecting the post-Apartheid notion of the Rainbow Nation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455314 , vital:75420 , ISBN 978-3-031-54914-4 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54915-1_5
- Description: 7de Laan uses primarily Afrikaans and English, with indigenous languages used instantly; My Desire is dubbed from Hindi to English only. The chapter aims to demonstrate how using English and Afrikaans in 7de Laan and dubbing Hindi into English in My Desire promote ideologies of Colonial-Apartheid linguistic order. The chapter argues that the use of Afrikaans in 7de Laan and English dubbing in My Desire are primarily homogenous. When indigenous languages are excluded in 7de Laan and dubbing in My Desire, it is not just about 7de Laan being an Afrikaans soap opera or My Desire promoting English over indigenous languages. This is also about creating an environment where the Colonial-Apartheid linguistic order can be established and sold to viewers. It is about rejecting the post-Apartheid notion of the Rainbow Nation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Improving access to evidence-based interventions for trauma-exposed adults in low-and middle-income countries
- Kaminer, Debra, Booysen, Duane D, Ellis, Kate, Kristensen, Christian H, Patel, Anushka R, Robjant, Katy, Sardana, Srishti
- Authors: Kaminer, Debra , Booysen, Duane D , Ellis, Kate , Kristensen, Christian H , Patel, Anushka R , Robjant, Katy , Sardana, Srishti
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/454095 , vital:75309 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23031"
- Description: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the mental health consequences of trauma exposure pose a substantial personal, societal, and economic burden. Yet, the significant need for evidence-based mental health treatment remains largely unmet. To unlock the potential for mental health care for trauma survivors in lower-resource contexts, it is critical to map treatment barriers and identify strategies to improve access to evidence-based, culturally appropriate, and scalable interventions. This review, based on an International Society for Traumatic Stress (ISTSS) briefing paper, describes the treatment gap facing adults with traumatic stress in LMICs and identifies the barriers that contribute to this gap. We then highlight strategies for enhancing access to effective treatments for these populations, including task-sharing, the use of culturally adapted and multiproblem interventions, and digital tools to scale access to appropriate care. Finally, we offer recommendations for policymakers, researchers, and service providers to guide an agenda for action to close the treatment gap for trauma survivors in LMICs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Kaminer, Debra , Booysen, Duane D , Ellis, Kate , Kristensen, Christian H , Patel, Anushka R , Robjant, Katy , Sardana, Srishti
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/454095 , vital:75309 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23031"
- Description: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the mental health consequences of trauma exposure pose a substantial personal, societal, and economic burden. Yet, the significant need for evidence-based mental health treatment remains largely unmet. To unlock the potential for mental health care for trauma survivors in lower-resource contexts, it is critical to map treatment barriers and identify strategies to improve access to evidence-based, culturally appropriate, and scalable interventions. This review, based on an International Society for Traumatic Stress (ISTSS) briefing paper, describes the treatment gap facing adults with traumatic stress in LMICs and identifies the barriers that contribute to this gap. We then highlight strategies for enhancing access to effective treatments for these populations, including task-sharing, the use of culturally adapted and multiproblem interventions, and digital tools to scale access to appropriate care. Finally, we offer recommendations for policymakers, researchers, and service providers to guide an agenda for action to close the treatment gap for trauma survivors in LMICs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Indigenous African language media: practices and processes: Phillip Mpofu, Israel Ayinla Fadipe and Thulani Tshabangu (eds). 2023: Book review
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455257 , vital:75416 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2024.2324032
- Description: Research on indigenous African language media is ongoing (see Chibuwe and Salawu, 2020; Chikaipa and Gunde, 2020; Aiseng, 2022). Scholars constantly embark on this fascinating journey encompassing various topics, including lan-guage preservation, cultural representation, media policy and audience reception. Research has proven that media products in indigenous African languages are growing exponentially, with media creatives continuing to see the need to produce content in these languages. Films, songs, soap operas and digital media tools increasingly endorse African indigenous languages as their primary mode of de-livery, challenging and unsettling the monopoly that Indo-european languages have enjoyed in these spaces.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455257 , vital:75416 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2024.2324032
- Description: Research on indigenous African language media is ongoing (see Chibuwe and Salawu, 2020; Chikaipa and Gunde, 2020; Aiseng, 2022). Scholars constantly embark on this fascinating journey encompassing various topics, including lan-guage preservation, cultural representation, media policy and audience reception. Research has proven that media products in indigenous African languages are growing exponentially, with media creatives continuing to see the need to produce content in these languages. Films, songs, soap operas and digital media tools increasingly endorse African indigenous languages as their primary mode of de-livery, challenging and unsettling the monopoly that Indo-european languages have enjoyed in these spaces.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Inhibitory effects of selected cannabinoids against dipeptidyl peptidase IV, an enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes
- Mkabayi, Lithalethu, Viljoen, Zenobia, Krause, Rui W M, Lobb, Kevin A, Pletschke, Brett I, Frost, Carminita L
- Authors: Mkabayi, Lithalethu , Viljoen, Zenobia , Krause, Rui W M , Lobb, Kevin A , Pletschke, Brett I , Frost, Carminita L
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452760 , vital:75168 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23289"
- Description: Ethnopharmacological relevance: In recent times the decriminalisation of cannabis globally has increased its use as an alternative medication. Where it has been used in modern medicinal practises since the 1800s, there is limited scientific investigation to understand the biological activities of this plant. Aim of the study: Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) plays a key role in regulating glucose homeostasis, and inhibition of this enzyme has been used as a therapeutic approach to treat type 2 diabetes. However, some of the synthetic inhibitors for this enzyme available on the market may cause undesirable side effects. Therefore, it is important to identify new inhibitors of DPP-IV and to understand their interaction with this enzyme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Mkabayi, Lithalethu , Viljoen, Zenobia , Krause, Rui W M , Lobb, Kevin A , Pletschke, Brett I , Frost, Carminita L
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/452760 , vital:75168 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23289"
- Description: Ethnopharmacological relevance: In recent times the decriminalisation of cannabis globally has increased its use as an alternative medication. Where it has been used in modern medicinal practises since the 1800s, there is limited scientific investigation to understand the biological activities of this plant. Aim of the study: Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) plays a key role in regulating glucose homeostasis, and inhibition of this enzyme has been used as a therapeutic approach to treat type 2 diabetes. However, some of the synthetic inhibitors for this enzyme available on the market may cause undesirable side effects. Therefore, it is important to identify new inhibitors of DPP-IV and to understand their interaction with this enzyme.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Issues with corpus planning in Zimbabwe’s previously marginalised languages in Matabeleland
- Nhongo, Raphael, Nkomo, Dion
- Authors: Nhongo, Raphael , Nkomo, Dion
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468001 , vital:76999 , https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2024.2323166
- Description: The promulgation of Zimbabwe’s current constitution amendment number 20, in 2013, brought hope to the previously marginalised languages in the country. In the founding provisions of the amendment, it is stated that 16 of the languages of Zimbabwe are officially recognised. Prior to the current constitution, only English, Ndebele and Shona were recognised. The paper scrutinises corpus planning activities that have taken place in the previously marginalised languages that are found in Matabeleland region. The analysis of corpus planning activities in these languages was done through a qualitative phenomenological design. Two members from each of the associations of these languages were interviewed. The results of the study indicate that the accomplishment of success in corpus planning is hampered by approaches that are asynchronous with modern day linguistic realities. Realistic language practices that are not influenced by prescriptivism, selfishness and mere recognition of the language need to be adopted in contemplation for successful corpus planning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Nhongo, Raphael , Nkomo, Dion
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468001 , vital:76999 , https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2024.2323166
- Description: The promulgation of Zimbabwe’s current constitution amendment number 20, in 2013, brought hope to the previously marginalised languages in the country. In the founding provisions of the amendment, it is stated that 16 of the languages of Zimbabwe are officially recognised. Prior to the current constitution, only English, Ndebele and Shona were recognised. The paper scrutinises corpus planning activities that have taken place in the previously marginalised languages that are found in Matabeleland region. The analysis of corpus planning activities in these languages was done through a qualitative phenomenological design. Two members from each of the associations of these languages were interviewed. The results of the study indicate that the accomplishment of success in corpus planning is hampered by approaches that are asynchronous with modern day linguistic realities. Realistic language practices that are not influenced by prescriptivism, selfishness and mere recognition of the language need to be adopted in contemplation for successful corpus planning.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Language Revitalisation and Community Broadcasting in South Africa: A Case of Vaaltar FM
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455452 , vital:75431 , ISBN 978-3-031-40705-5 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40706-2_3
- Description: This chapter deals with indigenous radio broadcasting by considering a Setswana language community radio station as a case study. The aim is to examine the role these stations have played in South Africa over the decades and their contribution to revitalising indigenous languages. The study draws influence from indigenous radio stations as a catalyst for protecting and preserving languages from total extinction. The station considered is Vaaltar FM. Using the theories of language revitalisation and translanguaging, the chapter will discuss strategies endorsed by indigenous radio stations in South Africa to revitalise indigenous languages. While some radio stations, especially public service broadcasting radio stations, revitalise standard indigenous languages, some community and commercial radio stations, such as Vaaltar FM, do the same by employing complex situated, processual and interactional communicative practices such as translanguaging. These differing approaches expose the long-standing tension faced by radio stations aimed at indigenous-speaking South Africans regarding whether they remain traditional in their approach or adapt with the times and incorporate modernised elements that, to some, are a dilution of their cultural heritage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455452 , vital:75431 , ISBN 978-3-031-40705-5 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40706-2_3
- Description: This chapter deals with indigenous radio broadcasting by considering a Setswana language community radio station as a case study. The aim is to examine the role these stations have played in South Africa over the decades and their contribution to revitalising indigenous languages. The study draws influence from indigenous radio stations as a catalyst for protecting and preserving languages from total extinction. The station considered is Vaaltar FM. Using the theories of language revitalisation and translanguaging, the chapter will discuss strategies endorsed by indigenous radio stations in South Africa to revitalise indigenous languages. While some radio stations, especially public service broadcasting radio stations, revitalise standard indigenous languages, some community and commercial radio stations, such as Vaaltar FM, do the same by employing complex situated, processual and interactional communicative practices such as translanguaging. These differing approaches expose the long-standing tension faced by radio stations aimed at indigenous-speaking South Africans regarding whether they remain traditional in their approach or adapt with the times and incorporate modernised elements that, to some, are a dilution of their cultural heritage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Macro-locational determinants of Chinese foreign direct investment in Cameroon
- Andangnui, Quintabella, Louw, Lynette, Cattaneo, Nicolette S
- Authors: Andangnui, Quintabella , Louw, Lynette , Cattaneo, Nicolette S
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/470199 , vital:77335 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajce_v27_n1_a5714
- Description: Macro-locational determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) constitute a country’s comparative advantage in attracting FDI. Although literature identifies potential determinants of Chinese FDI, empirical studies reveal significant variation across countries, necessitating investigation of specific macro-locational factors in each context. Despite its abundant resources and reliance on FDI for development, Cameroon has experienced slow FDI growth. Efforts to enhance trade and investment relations between Cameroon and China make an understanding of Chinese FDI drivers crucial for policymakers. This study aims to ascertain the significance of macro-locational determinants in attracting Chinese FDI to Cameroon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Andangnui, Quintabella , Louw, Lynette , Cattaneo, Nicolette S
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/470199 , vital:77335 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-sajce_v27_n1_a5714
- Description: Macro-locational determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) constitute a country’s comparative advantage in attracting FDI. Although literature identifies potential determinants of Chinese FDI, empirical studies reveal significant variation across countries, necessitating investigation of specific macro-locational factors in each context. Despite its abundant resources and reliance on FDI for development, Cameroon has experienced slow FDI growth. Efforts to enhance trade and investment relations between Cameroon and China make an understanding of Chinese FDI drivers crucial for policymakers. This study aims to ascertain the significance of macro-locational determinants in attracting Chinese FDI to Cameroon.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Maize seed variety identification model using image processing and deep learning
- Gebeyehu, Seffi, Shibeshi, Zelalem S
- Authors: Gebeyehu, Seffi , Shibeshi, Zelalem S
- Date: 2024
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429191 , vital:72566 , DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v33.i2.pp990-9985
- Description: Maize is Ethiopia’s dominant cereal crop regarding area coverage and production level. There are different varieties of maize in Ethiopia. Maize varieties are classified based on morphological features such as shape and size. Due to the nature of maize seed and its rotation variant, studies are still needed to identify Ethiopian maize seed varieties. With expert eyes, identification of maize seed varieties is difficult due to their similar morphological features and visual similarities. We proposed a hybrid feature-based maize variety identification model to solve this problem. For training and testing the model, images of each maize variety were collected from the adet agriculture and research center (AARC), Ethiopia. A multi-class support vector machine (MCSVM) classifier was employed on a hybrid of handcrafted (ie, gabor and histogram of oriented gradients) and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based feature selection techniques and achieved an overall classification accuracy of 99%.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Gebeyehu, Seffi , Shibeshi, Zelalem S
- Date: 2024
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/429191 , vital:72566 , DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v33.i2.pp990-9985
- Description: Maize is Ethiopia’s dominant cereal crop regarding area coverage and production level. There are different varieties of maize in Ethiopia. Maize varieties are classified based on morphological features such as shape and size. Due to the nature of maize seed and its rotation variant, studies are still needed to identify Ethiopian maize seed varieties. With expert eyes, identification of maize seed varieties is difficult due to their similar morphological features and visual similarities. We proposed a hybrid feature-based maize variety identification model to solve this problem. For training and testing the model, images of each maize variety were collected from the adet agriculture and research center (AARC), Ethiopia. A multi-class support vector machine (MCSVM) classifier was employed on a hybrid of handcrafted (ie, gabor and histogram of oriented gradients) and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based feature selection techniques and achieved an overall classification accuracy of 99%.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Measuring intra-industry trade and productivity in the South African pharmaceutical sector
- Malimba, Nwabisa, Mutambara, Tsitsi E, Marire, Juniours
- Authors: Malimba, Nwabisa , Mutambara, Tsitsi E , Marire, Juniours
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/470864 , vital:77402 , https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v27i1.5486
- Description: The South African pharmaceutical sector is Africa's largest and most advanced but heavily depends on imported products and active pharmaceutical ingredients to meet its demands. The status quo is due to low intra-industry trade, which is necessary to induce innovation and technological progress essential for accelerating local production, export growth and reducing dependence on imports. AIM: The primary objective of this article was to examine intra-industry trade in South Africa's pharmaceutical sector and subsequently, total factor productivity (TFP) as a key driver of intra-industry trade. Intra-industry trade was measured using data obtained from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development databases, while the TFP was measured using data from the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) covering 2001-2021.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Malimba, Nwabisa , Mutambara, Tsitsi E , Marire, Juniours
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/470864 , vital:77402 , https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v27i1.5486
- Description: The South African pharmaceutical sector is Africa's largest and most advanced but heavily depends on imported products and active pharmaceutical ingredients to meet its demands. The status quo is due to low intra-industry trade, which is necessary to induce innovation and technological progress essential for accelerating local production, export growth and reducing dependence on imports. AIM: The primary objective of this article was to examine intra-industry trade in South Africa's pharmaceutical sector and subsequently, total factor productivity (TFP) as a key driver of intra-industry trade. Intra-industry trade was measured using data obtained from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development databases, while the TFP was measured using data from the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) covering 2001-2021.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Navigating the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Landscape:Strategies and Challenges in addressing drivers of AMR
- Authors: Vasaikar, Sandeep D
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Landscape:Strategies and Challenges in addressing drivers of AMR Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Cancer -- Patients
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10409 , vital:75125
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Vasaikar, Sandeep D
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Landscape:Strategies and Challenges in addressing drivers of AMR Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Cancer -- Patients
- Language: English
- Type: text , Lectures
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/10409 , vital:75125
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Participatory tools for developing & applying a water management plan: a practical introduction
- Authors: Tanner, J et al.
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/464494 , vital:76516
- Description: TBA
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Tanner, J et al.
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/464494 , vital:76516
- Description: TBA
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Performance determinants of non-life insurance firms: a systematic review of the literature
- Zinyoro, Tafadzwanash, Aziakpono, Meshach J
- Authors: Zinyoro, Tafadzwanash , Aziakpono, Meshach J
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/469919 , vital:77307 , https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2345045
- Description: The performance of non-life insurers is essential to the economy because of their role in mitigating the risks firms and households face. This study provides a comprehensive overview of studies examining factors affecting non-life insurers’ performance. Based on 235 studies published between 1990 and 2021, the review demonstrates that firm-level factors such as size, organisational form, diversification, capital structure, risk, reinsurance, corporate governance, distribution system, and group affiliation, and external factors such as market structure, macroeconomic, financial, and institutional development are the major determinants of non-life insurers’ performance. Although the empirical evidence on the effect of these factors is generally mixed, firm size, capitalisation, risk, macroeconomic conditions, and, to some extent, corporate governance and market structure issues show a clear relationship with insurer performance. One of the implications of this study is that there may be a need for increased solvency surveillance, especially for smaller insurers, which appear to have a higher risk of insolvency than their larger counterparts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Zinyoro, Tafadzwanash , Aziakpono, Meshach J
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/469919 , vital:77307 , https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2345045
- Description: The performance of non-life insurers is essential to the economy because of their role in mitigating the risks firms and households face. This study provides a comprehensive overview of studies examining factors affecting non-life insurers’ performance. Based on 235 studies published between 1990 and 2021, the review demonstrates that firm-level factors such as size, organisational form, diversification, capital structure, risk, reinsurance, corporate governance, distribution system, and group affiliation, and external factors such as market structure, macroeconomic, financial, and institutional development are the major determinants of non-life insurers’ performance. Although the empirical evidence on the effect of these factors is generally mixed, firm size, capitalisation, risk, macroeconomic conditions, and, to some extent, corporate governance and market structure issues show a clear relationship with insurer performance. One of the implications of this study is that there may be a need for increased solvency surveillance, especially for smaller insurers, which appear to have a higher risk of insolvency than their larger counterparts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Power to the minorities: Ndebele L1–speaking teachers in Tonga-speaking communities in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Maseko, Busani , Nkomo, Dion
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468064 , vital:77004 , ISBN 9781003299547 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003299547-2/power-minorities-busani-maseko-dion-nkomo
- Description: In 2013, Zimbabwe adopted a new constitution that declared 16 officially recognised languages. In line with the new constitutional provision that all the official languages be treated with parity, the teaching of minority languages ceased to be optional. Yet there were neither trained teachers nor educational materials to implement their teaching. In this chapter, it is examined how Ndebele L1 teachers and learners in the Tonga-speaking community of Binga negotiate their identities by learning Tonga. Ndebele L1 learners learn Tonga as the new legitimate Indigenous language offered in their schools, which brings interesting dynamics in terms of language learning challenges and attitudes. Ndebele L1 teachers must reinvent themselves to assume the instructional responsibilities in the learning of the minority language and to retain their jobs. These teachers therefore learn the languages from the community including their own learners, thereby providing an exciting case of speakers of majority language speakers learning a minority language that they also must teach. This study therefore presents an interesting case where minority language–speaking learners and majority language–speaking teachers collaboratively and reciprocally participate in the teaching of the minority language.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Maseko, Busani , Nkomo, Dion
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/468064 , vital:77004 , ISBN 9781003299547 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003299547-2/power-minorities-busani-maseko-dion-nkomo
- Description: In 2013, Zimbabwe adopted a new constitution that declared 16 officially recognised languages. In line with the new constitutional provision that all the official languages be treated with parity, the teaching of minority languages ceased to be optional. Yet there were neither trained teachers nor educational materials to implement their teaching. In this chapter, it is examined how Ndebele L1 teachers and learners in the Tonga-speaking community of Binga negotiate their identities by learning Tonga. Ndebele L1 learners learn Tonga as the new legitimate Indigenous language offered in their schools, which brings interesting dynamics in terms of language learning challenges and attitudes. Ndebele L1 teachers must reinvent themselves to assume the instructional responsibilities in the learning of the minority language and to retain their jobs. These teachers therefore learn the languages from the community including their own learners, thereby providing an exciting case of speakers of majority language speakers learning a minority language that they also must teach. This study therefore presents an interesting case where minority language–speaking learners and majority language–speaking teachers collaboratively and reciprocally participate in the teaching of the minority language.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Public Health Communication and Language Policy at Rhodes University During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Aiseng, Kealeboga, Mamase, Zikhona
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga , Mamase, Zikhona
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455466 , vital:75432 , ISBN 9798369306246 , DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-0624-6.ch009
- Description: The COVID-19 pandemic offered unprecedented obstacles to public health communication worldwide. Pandemic revealed disparities and significant gaps in access to public health information for those not proficient in English, potentially leading to the exclusion of indigenous language speakers and minority communities from issues of national interest, including vital COVID-19 updates. This chapter examines the case study of Rhodes University in the Eastern Cape, South Africa and explores the institution's language policies and practices during the pandemic. The institution grapples with linguistic diversity, where English is the primary language of teaching and administration. The study explores language, public health communication, and inclusion at Rhodes University. It seeks to find linguistic and cultural contestations during this time by evaluating the university's response to the pandemic through language. The study uses document analysis to understand how Rhodes University's language practices impacted public health communication during the pandemic.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Aiseng, Kealeboga , Mamase, Zikhona
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/455466 , vital:75432 , ISBN 9798369306246 , DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-0624-6.ch009
- Description: The COVID-19 pandemic offered unprecedented obstacles to public health communication worldwide. Pandemic revealed disparities and significant gaps in access to public health information for those not proficient in English, potentially leading to the exclusion of indigenous language speakers and minority communities from issues of national interest, including vital COVID-19 updates. This chapter examines the case study of Rhodes University in the Eastern Cape, South Africa and explores the institution's language policies and practices during the pandemic. The institution grapples with linguistic diversity, where English is the primary language of teaching and administration. The study explores language, public health communication, and inclusion at Rhodes University. It seeks to find linguistic and cultural contestations during this time by evaluating the university's response to the pandemic through language. The study uses document analysis to understand how Rhodes University's language practices impacted public health communication during the pandemic.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Red Lingerie Layered Velcro Dress
- Rhodes University Drama Department, Mavuka, Nomsa, Makweya, Lethabo, Hanbe, Tanduxolo, Love, Bariki, Jama, Siqhamo Hlubi
- Authors: Rhodes University Drama Department , Mavuka, Nomsa , Makweya, Lethabo , Hanbe, Tanduxolo , Love, Bariki , Jama, Siqhamo Hlubi
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Clothing and dress , Dresses , Skirts , Underwear , Women's clothing , Twenty-first century , Costume
- Type: three dimensional object , Realia , image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467696 , vital:76957 , PSG 109
- Description: The red lingerie dress piece was design for the production Tksss Tkss Tkss directed by Lethabo Makweya in 2024. The costume features various pieces that attach onto a red lingerie body suit through Velcro. The piece includes 13 pieces that are made with stretch mesh and the body suit includes a blend of lace power mesh, tulle and Velcro and includes a garter ring and is suitable for sizes small. , Used in the production Tkss Tkss Tkss directed by Lethabo Makweya , Condition: Good with no visible staining or tears , This is an item from the Post-Graduate Wall, meaning item has been bought or made for a Post-Graduate production/project. The item cannot be destroyed or adapted as the costume is meant to be preserved following the project. The item can be signed out of the wardrobe but only for a short amount of time. , This record has been reviewed by the wardrobe staff and library technical team members but may be incomplete. The goal is to ensure that the records are frequently revised and enhanced. If you notice a mistake or have additional information about this object, please email rhodesdramadepartmentwardrobe@gmail.com.
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Rhodes University Drama Department , Mavuka, Nomsa , Makweya, Lethabo , Hanbe, Tanduxolo , Love, Bariki , Jama, Siqhamo Hlubi
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Clothing and dress , Dresses , Skirts , Underwear , Women's clothing , Twenty-first century , Costume
- Type: three dimensional object , Realia , image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/467696 , vital:76957 , PSG 109
- Description: The red lingerie dress piece was design for the production Tksss Tkss Tkss directed by Lethabo Makweya in 2024. The costume features various pieces that attach onto a red lingerie body suit through Velcro. The piece includes 13 pieces that are made with stretch mesh and the body suit includes a blend of lace power mesh, tulle and Velcro and includes a garter ring and is suitable for sizes small. , Used in the production Tkss Tkss Tkss directed by Lethabo Makweya , Condition: Good with no visible staining or tears , This is an item from the Post-Graduate Wall, meaning item has been bought or made for a Post-Graduate production/project. The item cannot be destroyed or adapted as the costume is meant to be preserved following the project. The item can be signed out of the wardrobe but only for a short amount of time. , This record has been reviewed by the wardrobe staff and library technical team members but may be incomplete. The goal is to ensure that the records are frequently revised and enhanced. If you notice a mistake or have additional information about this object, please email rhodesdramadepartmentwardrobe@gmail.com.
- Full Text: false
Refining out-of-school youth sexualities empowerment programmes using a sexual and reproductive citizenship lens: the Masizixhobise toolkit
- Macleod, Catriona I, Mthethwa, Thobile
- Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Mthethwa, Thobile
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/460998 , vital:76072 , https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2024.2412666
- Description: Out-of-school comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) programmes are viewed by UNFPA as important in empowering youth. These programmes may, however, be critiqued for, firstly, inadvertently equating empowerment with individual agency to the exclusion of social justice; and, secondly, using the word empowerment as a self-evident signifier. We propose that empowerment be conceptualised within a critical sexual and reproductive citizenship (CSRC) framework that draws on feminist and queer re-workings of the principles of citizenship. To operationalise this conceptualisation, we developed the Masizixhobise toolkit from the five key issues outlined in the CSRC framework. The aim of the toolkit is to aid in the design and refinement of theoretically embedded empowerment CSE programmes. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of the toolkit. To do so, we analyse the Partners in Sexual Health’s (PSH) Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights facilitator’s manual. A template analysis was conducted on this manual using a priori of themes from the toolkit. We sift through the PSH manual’s alignments or misalignments with the CSRC framework and make recommendations for enhancing the empowerment components of the manual. This example may assist others in designing and refining theoretically embedded and socially just youth empowerment CSE programmes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Mthethwa, Thobile
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/460998 , vital:76072 , https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2024.2412666
- Description: Out-of-school comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) programmes are viewed by UNFPA as important in empowering youth. These programmes may, however, be critiqued for, firstly, inadvertently equating empowerment with individual agency to the exclusion of social justice; and, secondly, using the word empowerment as a self-evident signifier. We propose that empowerment be conceptualised within a critical sexual and reproductive citizenship (CSRC) framework that draws on feminist and queer re-workings of the principles of citizenship. To operationalise this conceptualisation, we developed the Masizixhobise toolkit from the five key issues outlined in the CSRC framework. The aim of the toolkit is to aid in the design and refinement of theoretically embedded empowerment CSE programmes. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of the toolkit. To do so, we analyse the Partners in Sexual Health’s (PSH) Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights facilitator’s manual. A template analysis was conducted on this manual using a priori of themes from the toolkit. We sift through the PSH manual’s alignments or misalignments with the CSRC framework and make recommendations for enhancing the empowerment components of the manual. This example may assist others in designing and refining theoretically embedded and socially just youth empowerment CSE programmes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Regimes of truth regarding ‘sexual justice’ in academic literature from 2012 to 2022: a scoping review
- Pinto, Pedro, Macleod, Catriona I, Jones, Megaera
- Authors: Pinto, Pedro , Macleod, Catriona I , Jones, Megaera
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/461013 , vital:76073 , https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2024.2386051
- Description: The notion of ‘sexual justice’ has gained traction in academic and policy arenas in recent years. This paper presents a scoping literature review of the regimes of truth, following Foucault, of ‘sexual justice’ appearing in the scientific literature from 2012 to 2022. Thirty-eight papers were coded using (1) content analysis of the studies’ central problematics, the programmes referred to, and institutional location(s); and (2) thematic analysis of how the notion was deployed. Central problematics centred on (1) critiques of, or alternatives to, dominant approaches to sexual and reproductive health; and (2) highlighting injustices. As such, ‘sexual justice’ is fighting for legitimacy in the truth stakes. There is a distinct paucity of papers tackling the translation of ‘sexual justice’ into practice. South Africa dominates as the site in which papers on ‘sexual justice’ have been produced, but there is a lack of South-South collaboration. Two themes were apparent around which conceptions of sexual justice cohere. Firstly, sexual justice is seen as a vital, yet politically ambivalent goal, with neoliberal co-optation of progressive rights agendas being warned against. Secondly, sexual justice is viewed as a means, in which sexual justice is described as having potential to repair established frameworks’ shortcomings and oppressive legacies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Pinto, Pedro , Macleod, Catriona I , Jones, Megaera
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/461013 , vital:76073 , https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2024.2386051
- Description: The notion of ‘sexual justice’ has gained traction in academic and policy arenas in recent years. This paper presents a scoping literature review of the regimes of truth, following Foucault, of ‘sexual justice’ appearing in the scientific literature from 2012 to 2022. Thirty-eight papers were coded using (1) content analysis of the studies’ central problematics, the programmes referred to, and institutional location(s); and (2) thematic analysis of how the notion was deployed. Central problematics centred on (1) critiques of, or alternatives to, dominant approaches to sexual and reproductive health; and (2) highlighting injustices. As such, ‘sexual justice’ is fighting for legitimacy in the truth stakes. There is a distinct paucity of papers tackling the translation of ‘sexual justice’ into practice. South Africa dominates as the site in which papers on ‘sexual justice’ have been produced, but there is a lack of South-South collaboration. Two themes were apparent around which conceptions of sexual justice cohere. Firstly, sexual justice is seen as a vital, yet politically ambivalent goal, with neoliberal co-optation of progressive rights agendas being warned against. Secondly, sexual justice is viewed as a means, in which sexual justice is described as having potential to repair established frameworks’ shortcomings and oppressive legacies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
Repurposing DrugBank compounds as potential Plasmodium falciparum class 1a aminoacyl tRNA synthetase multi-stage pan-inhibitors with a specific focus on mitomycin
- Olotu, Fisayo, Tchatat Tali, Mariscal Brice, Chepsiror, Curtis, Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier, Boyom,Fabrice Fekam, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Olotu, Fisayo , Tchatat Tali, Mariscal Brice , Chepsiror, Curtis , Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier , Boyom,Fabrice Fekam , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473661 , vital:77670 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC127052
- Description: Plasmodium falciparum aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (PfaaRSs) are potent antimalarial targets essential for proteome fidelity and overall parasite survival in every stage of the parasite's life cycle. So far, some of these proteins have been singly targeted yielding inhibitor compounds that have been limited by incidences of resistance which can be overcome via pan-inhibition strategies. Hence, herein, for the first time, we report the identification and in vitro antiplasmodial validation of Mitomycin (MMC) as a probable pan-inhibitor of class 1a (arginyl(A)-, cysteinyl(C), isoleucyl(I)-, leucyl(L), methionyl(M), and valyl(V)-) PfaaRSs which hypothetically may underlie its previously reported activity on the ribosomal RNA to inhibit protein translation and biosynthesis. We combined multiple in silico structure-based discovery strategies that first helped identify functional and druggable sites that were preferentially targeted by the compound in each of the plasmodial proteins: Ins1-Ins2 domain in Pf-ARS; anticodon binding domain in Pf-CRS; CP1-editing domain in Pf-IRS and Pf-MRS; C-terminal domain in Pf-LRS; and CP-core region in Pf-VRS. Molecular dynamics studies further revealed that MMC allosterically induced changes in the global structures of each protein. Likewise, prominent structural perturbations were caused by the compound across the functional domains of the proteins. More so, MMC induced systematic alterations in the binding of the catalytic nucleotide and amino acid substrates which culminated in the loss of key interactions with key active site residues and ultimate reduction in the nucleotide-binding affinities across all proteins, as deduced from the binding energy calculations. These altogether confirmed that MMC uniformly disrupted the structure of the target proteins and essential substrates. Further, MMC demonstrated IC50 5 μM against the Dd2 and 3D7 strains of parasite making it a good starting point for malarial drug development. We believe that findings from our study will be important in the current search for highly effective multi-stage antimalarial drugs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024
- Authors: Olotu, Fisayo , Tchatat Tali, Mariscal Brice , Chepsiror, Curtis , Sheik Amamuddy, Olivier , Boyom,Fabrice Fekam , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/473661 , vital:77670 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC127052
- Description: Plasmodium falciparum aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (PfaaRSs) are potent antimalarial targets essential for proteome fidelity and overall parasite survival in every stage of the parasite's life cycle. So far, some of these proteins have been singly targeted yielding inhibitor compounds that have been limited by incidences of resistance which can be overcome via pan-inhibition strategies. Hence, herein, for the first time, we report the identification and in vitro antiplasmodial validation of Mitomycin (MMC) as a probable pan-inhibitor of class 1a (arginyl(A)-, cysteinyl(C), isoleucyl(I)-, leucyl(L), methionyl(M), and valyl(V)-) PfaaRSs which hypothetically may underlie its previously reported activity on the ribosomal RNA to inhibit protein translation and biosynthesis. We combined multiple in silico structure-based discovery strategies that first helped identify functional and druggable sites that were preferentially targeted by the compound in each of the plasmodial proteins: Ins1-Ins2 domain in Pf-ARS; anticodon binding domain in Pf-CRS; CP1-editing domain in Pf-IRS and Pf-MRS; C-terminal domain in Pf-LRS; and CP-core region in Pf-VRS. Molecular dynamics studies further revealed that MMC allosterically induced changes in the global structures of each protein. Likewise, prominent structural perturbations were caused by the compound across the functional domains of the proteins. More so, MMC induced systematic alterations in the binding of the catalytic nucleotide and amino acid substrates which culminated in the loss of key interactions with key active site residues and ultimate reduction in the nucleotide-binding affinities across all proteins, as deduced from the binding energy calculations. These altogether confirmed that MMC uniformly disrupted the structure of the target proteins and essential substrates. Further, MMC demonstrated IC50 5 μM against the Dd2 and 3D7 strains of parasite making it a good starting point for malarial drug development. We believe that findings from our study will be important in the current search for highly effective multi-stage antimalarial drugs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024