Baladjigui Moussa
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128870 , vital:36176 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-07
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128870 , vital:36176 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-07
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Manore
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128789 , vital:36158 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-01
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128789 , vital:36158 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-01
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Madame Siby
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128832 , vital:36171 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-02
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128832 , vital:36171 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-02
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Ligueyante
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128846 , vital:36173 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-04
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128846 , vital:36173 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-04
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Yalla Bahna
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128865 , vital:36175 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-06
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128865 , vital:36175 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-06
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Sare Bamba
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128841 , vital:36172 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-03
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128841 , vital:36172 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-03
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Touba
- Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal), Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal), Sara Ba (flute), Bakery Cissokho (kora), Alioun Manneh (balafon), Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion), Malick Soce (xalam), Wole Rendall
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128860 , vital:36174 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-05
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Musa Afia Ngum (writer, composer, arranger, lead vocal) , Mbaye Gaye, Amie Cham (backing vocal) , Sara Ba (flute) , Bakery Cissokho (kora) , Alioun Manneh (balafon) , Pape Ndiaye Guewell (percussion) , Malick Soce (xalam) , Wole Rendall
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Folk music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128860 , vital:36174 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC15-05
- Description: The songs are mostly about the ancient kingdoms of the Senegambia region and its landscapes, community belonging and values, and he favoured reuniting the Gambia with Senegal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Laidu
- Rokia Traore (vocals, guitar, lyrics, composition), Andra Kouyate, Baba Sissoko (n'goni), Oumar Diallo, Abdoul W. Berthe (bass guitar), Samba Diarra (balafon), Dimba Camara, Souleymane Ann (percussion, gita), Baba Sissoko (djembe), Samir Naman
- Authors: Rokia Traore (vocals, guitar, lyrics, composition) , Andra Kouyate, Baba Sissoko (n'goni) , Oumar Diallo, Abdoul W. Berthe (bass guitar) , Samba Diarra (balafon) , Dimba Camara, Souleymane Ann (percussion, gita) , Baba Sissoko (djembe) , Samir Naman
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Bambara
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130739 , vital:36474 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC46-05
- Description: Malian song accompanied by traditional Malian instruments, adddressing the responsiblity of bringing a child into the world
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Rokia Traore (vocals, guitar, lyrics, composition) , Andra Kouyate, Baba Sissoko (n'goni) , Oumar Diallo, Abdoul W. Berthe (bass guitar) , Samba Diarra (balafon) , Dimba Camara, Souleymane Ann (percussion, gita) , Baba Sissoko (djembe) , Samir Naman
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Bambara
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130739 , vital:36474 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC46-05
- Description: Malian song accompanied by traditional Malian instruments, adddressing the responsiblity of bringing a child into the world
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
TB treatment initiation and adherence in a South African community influenced more by perceptions than by knowledge of tuberculosis
- Cramm, Jane M, Finkenflügel, Harry J M, Moller, Valerie, Nieboer, Anna P
- Authors: Cramm, Jane M , Finkenflügel, Harry J M , Moller, Valerie , Nieboer, Anna P
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7101 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010657
- Description: Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health concern. Inadequate case finding and case holding has been cited as major barrier to the control of TB. The TB literature is written almost entirely from a biomedical perspective, while recent studies show that it is imperative to understand lay perception to determine why people seek treatment and may stop taking treatment. The Eastern Cape is known as a province with high TB incidence, prevalence and with one of the worst cure rates of South Africa. Its inhabitants can be considered lay experts when it comes to TB. Therefore, we investigated knowledge, perceptions of (access to) TB treatment and adherence to treatment among an Eastern Cape population. Methods An area-stratified sampling design was applied. A total of 1020 households were selected randomly in proportion to the total number of households in each neighbourhood. Results TB knowledge can be considered fairly good among this community. Respondents' perceptions suggest that stigma may influence TB patients' decision in health seeking behavior and adherence to TB treatment. A full 95 percent of those interviewed believe people with TB tend to hide their TB status out of fear of what others may say. Regression analyses revealed that in this population young and old, men and women and the lower and higher educated share the same attitudes and perceptions. Our findings are therefore likely to reflect the actual situation of TB patients in this population. Conclusions The lay experts' perceptions suggests that stigma appears to effect case holding and case finding. Future interventions should be directed at improving attitudes and perceptions to potentially reduce stigma. This requires a patient-centered approach to empower TB patients and active involvement in the development and implementation of stigma reduction programs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Cramm, Jane M , Finkenflügel, Harry J M , Moller, Valerie , Nieboer, Anna P
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7101 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010657
- Description: Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health concern. Inadequate case finding and case holding has been cited as major barrier to the control of TB. The TB literature is written almost entirely from a biomedical perspective, while recent studies show that it is imperative to understand lay perception to determine why people seek treatment and may stop taking treatment. The Eastern Cape is known as a province with high TB incidence, prevalence and with one of the worst cure rates of South Africa. Its inhabitants can be considered lay experts when it comes to TB. Therefore, we investigated knowledge, perceptions of (access to) TB treatment and adherence to treatment among an Eastern Cape population. Methods An area-stratified sampling design was applied. A total of 1020 households were selected randomly in proportion to the total number of households in each neighbourhood. Results TB knowledge can be considered fairly good among this community. Respondents' perceptions suggest that stigma may influence TB patients' decision in health seeking behavior and adherence to TB treatment. A full 95 percent of those interviewed believe people with TB tend to hide their TB status out of fear of what others may say. Regression analyses revealed that in this population young and old, men and women and the lower and higher educated share the same attitudes and perceptions. Our findings are therefore likely to reflect the actual situation of TB patients in this population. Conclusions The lay experts' perceptions suggests that stigma appears to effect case holding and case finding. Future interventions should be directed at improving attitudes and perceptions to potentially reduce stigma. This requires a patient-centered approach to empower TB patients and active involvement in the development and implementation of stigma reduction programs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Optimizing the recovery rate of Mycobacterium species from gastric lavages in children at an urban Zambian hospital
- Authors: Lubasi, David
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Mycobacterium , Tuberculosis in children -- Diagnosis -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10118 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1440 , Mycobacterium , Tuberculosis in children -- Diagnosis -- Zambia
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major worldwide public health hazard with increasing incidence among adults and children. Although cases among children represent a small percentage of all TB cases, they are a reservoir from which many adult cases will arise. Estimates indicate that 9 million people develop TB annually, out of which 1 million (11 percent) occur in children less than 15 years old. Childhood tuberculosis is on the increase worldwide because of persisting inability to conform the diagnosis, leading to a large number of children dying of undiagnosed tuberculosis. Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis has depended on bacteriological examination of sputum. In most of the developing countries sputum smear microscopy has been used as it has been found to be cheap and relative efficient. As a result of the high TB burden, there is an urgent need for improved methods of laboratory diagnosis of TB. This is especially needed in children were diagnosis is more challenging as mycobacteria is being detected in fewer than 50 percent of the cases. Children cannot produce adequate sputum samples for examination. Their sputum samples, if produced, has a low bacterial yield and making detection of mycobacteria by using the smear microscopy difficult. Therefore, gastric lavages from children are being recommended as the best specimen for culture. In this study, gastric lavages from 408 children suspected of having tuberculosis were examined for the recovery of mycobacteria. Recovery was optimized by the use of the relatively new non-radiometric fully automated BACTEC MGIT 960. BACTEC MGIT 960 produced a positivity rate of 27.2 percent against 17.2 percent that of Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) media, which is a conventional culture method used widely. The direct microscopy which is the cheapest traditional method used in diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) yielded a 5.6 percent positive rate. The BACTEC MGIT 960 had also a very high isolate detection rate of 98.2 percent compared to that of L-J media of 61.9 percent, and only 20.4 percent were detected with the direct microscopy. On time taken to detection or mean time to detection (TTD) of v isolates, the BACTEC MGIT 960 technique had a shorter mean time to detection, 12.5 days as compared to 34.3 days shown by the L-J media technique. The study showed that children normally get tuberculosis from adult members of the household. A positive TB case was found in the households of 55.4 percent of the suspects. The study has found that 46.4 percent of the children below the age of 4 years developed the disease, compared to 10.5 percent the older children in the age group 10 to 14 years. The study found that tuberculosis in children is mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Out of the 113 isolates detected, 110 (97.3 percent) were M. tuberculosis. The remaining 2.7 percent were the non-tuberculous M. avium complex and M. kansasii. It was inconclusive whether the 2.7 percent of other species were causing tuberculosis and this need to be studied further.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Lubasi, David
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Mycobacterium , Tuberculosis in children -- Diagnosis -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: vital:10118 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1440 , Mycobacterium , Tuberculosis in children -- Diagnosis -- Zambia
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) has re-emerged as a major worldwide public health hazard with increasing incidence among adults and children. Although cases among children represent a small percentage of all TB cases, they are a reservoir from which many adult cases will arise. Estimates indicate that 9 million people develop TB annually, out of which 1 million (11 percent) occur in children less than 15 years old. Childhood tuberculosis is on the increase worldwide because of persisting inability to conform the diagnosis, leading to a large number of children dying of undiagnosed tuberculosis. Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis has depended on bacteriological examination of sputum. In most of the developing countries sputum smear microscopy has been used as it has been found to be cheap and relative efficient. As a result of the high TB burden, there is an urgent need for improved methods of laboratory diagnosis of TB. This is especially needed in children were diagnosis is more challenging as mycobacteria is being detected in fewer than 50 percent of the cases. Children cannot produce adequate sputum samples for examination. Their sputum samples, if produced, has a low bacterial yield and making detection of mycobacteria by using the smear microscopy difficult. Therefore, gastric lavages from children are being recommended as the best specimen for culture. In this study, gastric lavages from 408 children suspected of having tuberculosis were examined for the recovery of mycobacteria. Recovery was optimized by the use of the relatively new non-radiometric fully automated BACTEC MGIT 960. BACTEC MGIT 960 produced a positivity rate of 27.2 percent against 17.2 percent that of Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) media, which is a conventional culture method used widely. The direct microscopy which is the cheapest traditional method used in diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) yielded a 5.6 percent positive rate. The BACTEC MGIT 960 had also a very high isolate detection rate of 98.2 percent compared to that of L-J media of 61.9 percent, and only 20.4 percent were detected with the direct microscopy. On time taken to detection or mean time to detection (TTD) of v isolates, the BACTEC MGIT 960 technique had a shorter mean time to detection, 12.5 days as compared to 34.3 days shown by the L-J media technique. The study showed that children normally get tuberculosis from adult members of the household. A positive TB case was found in the households of 55.4 percent of the suspects. The study has found that 46.4 percent of the children below the age of 4 years developed the disease, compared to 10.5 percent the older children in the age group 10 to 14 years. The study found that tuberculosis in children is mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Out of the 113 isolates detected, 110 (97.3 percent) were M. tuberculosis. The remaining 2.7 percent were the non-tuberculous M. avium complex and M. kansasii. It was inconclusive whether the 2.7 percent of other species were causing tuberculosis and this need to be studied further.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Kolondji
- Adama Drame (performer, arranger, composer, djembe, tama, doumdoum, chekere, voice, harmonica), Yacouba Kone (djembe), Bakari Doumbia (zin-zin), Mamadou Diabate ( balafon), Djesou Mory Kante (accoustic and electric guitar), Adjara Cisse (lead vocal), Oulare, Mariame Sylla, Tagaly (chorus), Adama Troare (accoustic guitar), Augustin Lompo (bass), Bassirou Sanou (flute), Tinminu Adio (tama), Brass: Andre Laourou, Dadie, Franck Desamin, Dramane Kienou (djembe accompaniment), Lamine Soumano (kora), Seydoni Production B.F.
- Authors: Adama Drame (performer, arranger, composer, djembe, tama, doumdoum, chekere, voice, harmonica) , Yacouba Kone (djembe) , Bakari Doumbia (zin-zin) , Mamadou Diabate ( balafon) , Djesou Mory Kante (accoustic and electric guitar) , Adjara Cisse (lead vocal) , Oulare, Mariame Sylla, Tagaly (chorus) , Adama Troare (accoustic guitar) , Augustin Lompo (bass) , Bassirou Sanou (flute) , Tinminu Adio (tama) , Brass: Andre Laourou, Dadie, Franck Desamin , Dramane Kienou (djembe accompaniment) , Lamine Soumano (kora) , Seydoni Production B.F.
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Burkina Faso Ouagadougou f-uv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128744 , vital:36148 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC14-05
- Description: Music from Burkino Faso played and sung in the griot style commenting on historical and contemporary events
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Adama Drame (performer, arranger, composer, djembe, tama, doumdoum, chekere, voice, harmonica) , Yacouba Kone (djembe) , Bakari Doumbia (zin-zin) , Mamadou Diabate ( balafon) , Djesou Mory Kante (accoustic and electric guitar) , Adjara Cisse (lead vocal) , Oulare, Mariame Sylla, Tagaly (chorus) , Adama Troare (accoustic guitar) , Augustin Lompo (bass) , Bassirou Sanou (flute) , Tinminu Adio (tama) , Brass: Andre Laourou, Dadie, Franck Desamin , Dramane Kienou (djembe accompaniment) , Lamine Soumano (kora) , Seydoni Production B.F.
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Burkina Faso Ouagadougou f-uv
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128744 , vital:36148 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC14-05
- Description: Music from Burkino Faso played and sung in the griot style commenting on historical and contemporary events
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Oui ou non
- Amadou Sodia (lead singer, bolon, kora), Hadja Maningbe, Djanka Diabate, Awa Maiga, Valerie Belinga (chorus), Ansoumane Kante, Yeye (percussions), Adama Conde (balafon), Alpha Camara (congas), Ousmane Kouyate, Djely Moussa Kouyate, Manfila Kante, Patrick Mareck, Briscard (guitar), Djessou Mory (rythm guitar, solo), Brass: Christian Martinez (trumpet), Bernard Camoin (trombone), Thierry Farrugia (saxophone), Phillipe Guez (arrangement, keyboard), Patrick Mareck
- Authors: Amadou Sodia (lead singer, bolon, kora) , Hadja Maningbe, Djanka Diabate, Awa Maiga, Valerie Belinga (chorus) , Ansoumane Kante, Yeye (percussions) , Adama Conde (balafon) , Alpha Camara (congas) , Ousmane Kouyate, Djely Moussa Kouyate, Manfila Kante, Patrick Mareck, Briscard (guitar) , Djessou Mory (rythm guitar, solo) , Brass: Christian Martinez (trumpet), Bernard Camoin (trombone), Thierry Farrugia (saxophone) , Phillipe Guez (arrangement, keyboard) , Patrick Mareck
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Guinea Conakry f-gv
- Language: Susu
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128663 , vital:36136 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC13-08
- Description: Fusion between traditional Guinean song structures and instruments and western instruments and influence
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Amadou Sodia (lead singer, bolon, kora) , Hadja Maningbe, Djanka Diabate, Awa Maiga, Valerie Belinga (chorus) , Ansoumane Kante, Yeye (percussions) , Adama Conde (balafon) , Alpha Camara (congas) , Ousmane Kouyate, Djely Moussa Kouyate, Manfila Kante, Patrick Mareck, Briscard (guitar) , Djessou Mory (rythm guitar, solo) , Brass: Christian Martinez (trumpet), Bernard Camoin (trombone), Thierry Farrugia (saxophone) , Phillipe Guez (arrangement, keyboard) , Patrick Mareck
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Guinea Conakry f-gv
- Language: Susu
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128663 , vital:36136 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC13-08
- Description: Fusion between traditional Guinean song structures and instruments and western instruments and influence
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Characterisation of human pathogenic vibrios and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from wild and tank cultured dusky kob (agyrosomus japonicus) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Justine, Fri
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Marine microbiology Marine microbiology--South Africa--Eastern Cape Staphylococcus aureus infections--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Microbiology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16047 , vital:40607
- Description: Introduction: Marine finfish including dusky kob (Agyrosomus japonicus), in addition to its high protein value, is bestowed with numerous health benefits including being heart friendly due to high proportion of omega 3 fatty acids. They are therefore used as powerful preventive measures against cardiovaslcular diseases. They are also important in neurological development during gestation and infancy, thus a regular recommendation by nutritionists. However, fish and its environment may be contaminated by bacteria pathogens. Human infections caused by members of the genus Vibrio, and Staphylococcus especially Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are of increased concern worldwide especially with increased Vibrio disease outbreaks and rapid spread of MRSA in the community. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is regarded as an emerging zoonotic agent, therefore marine fish may be considered as a reservoir for infection. The emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms in both farm animals and humans has also been a challenge that hurdles chemotherapy worldwide. Methods: We enumerated the bacteria flora of skin, gill and gut of marine dusky kob (Agyrosomus japonicus) raised in a recirculatory aquaculture system using metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA. We further screened 120 dusky kob fishes (skin, gill and gut) and 80 water samples from two fish farms and Kariega estuary collected over a 10 month period for human pathogenic vibrios, and MRSA using standard procedures. Vibrio species were further subjected to species specific PCRs delineating them into V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. fluvialis. This was followed by elucidation of the genotypic virulence determinants. The Reverse Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) of the cytotoxin hemolysin (vvhA) gene of V. vulnificus strains was carried out to determine the associated biotypes. A total of 277 Vibrio strains consisting of 126 V. fluvialis, 45 Vibrio vulnificus, 30 V. parahaemolyticus and 76 vibrios belonging to other species were subjected to susceptibility testing to 15 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method and resistant strains were further evaluated for their genotypic antimicrobial resistant determinants by polymerase chain reaction followed by plasmid profiling. For MRSA screening, we evaluated the reliability of cefoxitin disc diffusion, oxacillin screen agar and BrillianceTM MRSA 2 agar tests, in detecting methicillin resistance from fish (environmental) samples using PCR detection of the mecA as the gold standard. A total of 33 mecA positive S. aureus strains (MRSA) were subjected to PCR detection of enterotoxins (Staphylococcal enterotoxin A-E) and Panton Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) encoding genes. The SCCmec types were also investigated by multiplex PCR targeting genes encoding type I-V. The antibiogram profiles of MRSA strains to 12 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method and to vancomycin by broth micro dilution method were elucidated. Polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the presence of antibiotic resistant genes. The nucleotide sequences of the rpoB gene were analysed to determine mutations that could lead to rifampicin resistance. Results: A broad diversity of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial species of different taxonomic groups was observed with Proteobacteria revealed as the most common bacteria phyla. Fifty one families were identified with Enterobacteriaceae the most frequently detected in all the anatomical sites and the gut showing the highest species diversity. A total of 606 (60.23 percent ) presumptive Vibrio isolates were confirmed by PCR of which V. fluvialis was the most predominant, 193 (31.85 percent ). This was followed by Vibrio vulnificus 74 (12.21 percent ), and V. parahaemolyticus 33 (5.45 percent ). No V. cholerae strain was detected. Only one of the V. parahaemolyticus strains possessed the trh virulent gene with no tdh detected. Virulence factors of V. fluvialis detected were stn (13.5 percent ), hupO (10.4 percent ), and vfpA (1.0 percent ). V. vulnificus biotype 3, formerly restricted to Isreal was identified. Generally, resistance among Vibrio isolates varied considerably with highest resistances recorded to amoxicillin (76.2 percent ), ampicillin (67.5 percent ), erythromycin (38.3 percent ), and doxycycline (35.0 percent ) while higher susceptibilities were revealed by gentamicin (100 percent ), norfloxacin (97.8 percent ), florfenicol (90.3 percent ), tetracycline (87.7 percent ), and chloramphenicol (87.4 percent ). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) (resistance to ≥ 2 classes of antibiotics) was 58.5 percent . The MAR index did not vary significantly between sites (P>0.05) and values of >0.20 were recorded in 40 percent (108/277) of all the isolates. The resistant genes ampC, blaOXA, tetA, tetM, dfr1, sul1, sul2, ermB, nptII and strA were detected in two or more Vibrio isolates while the SXT intergrase was detected only in one isolate. Seven of the 18 extreme drug resistant isolates possessed 1–3 plasmids of 1.5–10 kb range. A total of 321 presumptive Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered by culture out of which 202 (62.9 percent ) were identified as S. aureus by PCR. Of these, 33 (16.3 percent ) strains were mecA positive while the rest, 169 (83.7 percent ) were mecA negative. The sensitivity and specificity of MRSA detection by use of cefoxitin disc (30 μg) test was 93.9 percent and 91.7 percent , that for oxacillin screen agar test (6 μg/mL) was 81.8 percent and 92.3 percent while that of BrillianceTM MRSATM 2 agar was 87.9 percent and 94.1 percent respectively. Staphylococcal enterotoxin SEE was detected in 12.1 percent (4/33) of total strains followed by SEA 3.0 percent (1/33), and SEC 3.0 percent (1/33). SEB and SED were absent. Six of the isolates had the PVL gene, giving a prevalence of 18.2 percent . The most frequently detected SCCmec type was SCCmec type III (17/33; 51.5 percent ), closely followed by SCCmec subtype IVc (10/33; 30.3 percent ) and the least were SCCmec types I and II with only 3.0 percent (1/33) each. The rest four (4/33; 12.1 percent ) did not belong to any of the above types and were therefore considered to belong to other subtypes of SCCmec type IV not tested in the study. For antibiogram patterns, 12 (36.4 percent ) strains were resistant to doxycyline, 10 (30.3 percent ) to trimethroprim-sulfamethoxazole, 9 (27.3 percent ) to tetracycline and only 1 (3.0 percent ) strain was resistant to ciprofloxacin. Nineteen (57.6 percent ) of the MRSA strains had vancomycin MIC of ≤ 2 μg/mL, 4 (12.1 percent ) with MIC range of 4-8 μg/mL, and 10 (30.3 percent ) with values ≥ 16 μg/mL. Overall, 27 (91.percent) isolates showed simultaneous resistance to 3 or more antibiotics. The resistant genes tetM, tetA, ermB, BlaZ femA were detected in two or more strains resistant to various antimicrobials. Resistance to rifampicin was not caused by mutations in the rpoB gene. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first study reporting a broad, and diverse bacteria flora of skin, gill, and gut of the South African dusky kob as well as the first study on human pathogenic vibrios, and MRSA from marine finfish especially those from recirculatory aquaculture systems. Also, our study revealed that Vibrio species with pathogenic potential are present in marine dusky kob and its environs. Dusky kob is contaminated with CA- MRSA and HA- MRSA that may cause difficult to treat infections with regular antibiotics. Some of the MRSA strains contained toxins that can cause food-borne gastroeneteritis. The present study revealed that MRSA and Vibrio species are potential reservoirs for antibiotic resistant genes, which could be disseminated to other bacterial species probably through plasmids, a public health risk.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Justine, Fri
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Marine microbiology Marine microbiology--South Africa--Eastern Cape Staphylococcus aureus infections--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Microbiology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16047 , vital:40607
- Description: Introduction: Marine finfish including dusky kob (Agyrosomus japonicus), in addition to its high protein value, is bestowed with numerous health benefits including being heart friendly due to high proportion of omega 3 fatty acids. They are therefore used as powerful preventive measures against cardiovaslcular diseases. They are also important in neurological development during gestation and infancy, thus a regular recommendation by nutritionists. However, fish and its environment may be contaminated by bacteria pathogens. Human infections caused by members of the genus Vibrio, and Staphylococcus especially Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are of increased concern worldwide especially with increased Vibrio disease outbreaks and rapid spread of MRSA in the community. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is regarded as an emerging zoonotic agent, therefore marine fish may be considered as a reservoir for infection. The emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms in both farm animals and humans has also been a challenge that hurdles chemotherapy worldwide. Methods: We enumerated the bacteria flora of skin, gill and gut of marine dusky kob (Agyrosomus japonicus) raised in a recirculatory aquaculture system using metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA. We further screened 120 dusky kob fishes (skin, gill and gut) and 80 water samples from two fish farms and Kariega estuary collected over a 10 month period for human pathogenic vibrios, and MRSA using standard procedures. Vibrio species were further subjected to species specific PCRs delineating them into V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. fluvialis. This was followed by elucidation of the genotypic virulence determinants. The Reverse Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) of the cytotoxin hemolysin (vvhA) gene of V. vulnificus strains was carried out to determine the associated biotypes. A total of 277 Vibrio strains consisting of 126 V. fluvialis, 45 Vibrio vulnificus, 30 V. parahaemolyticus and 76 vibrios belonging to other species were subjected to susceptibility testing to 15 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method and resistant strains were further evaluated for their genotypic antimicrobial resistant determinants by polymerase chain reaction followed by plasmid profiling. For MRSA screening, we evaluated the reliability of cefoxitin disc diffusion, oxacillin screen agar and BrillianceTM MRSA 2 agar tests, in detecting methicillin resistance from fish (environmental) samples using PCR detection of the mecA as the gold standard. A total of 33 mecA positive S. aureus strains (MRSA) were subjected to PCR detection of enterotoxins (Staphylococcal enterotoxin A-E) and Panton Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) encoding genes. The SCCmec types were also investigated by multiplex PCR targeting genes encoding type I-V. The antibiogram profiles of MRSA strains to 12 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method and to vancomycin by broth micro dilution method were elucidated. Polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the presence of antibiotic resistant genes. The nucleotide sequences of the rpoB gene were analysed to determine mutations that could lead to rifampicin resistance. Results: A broad diversity of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial species of different taxonomic groups was observed with Proteobacteria revealed as the most common bacteria phyla. Fifty one families were identified with Enterobacteriaceae the most frequently detected in all the anatomical sites and the gut showing the highest species diversity. A total of 606 (60.23 percent ) presumptive Vibrio isolates were confirmed by PCR of which V. fluvialis was the most predominant, 193 (31.85 percent ). This was followed by Vibrio vulnificus 74 (12.21 percent ), and V. parahaemolyticus 33 (5.45 percent ). No V. cholerae strain was detected. Only one of the V. parahaemolyticus strains possessed the trh virulent gene with no tdh detected. Virulence factors of V. fluvialis detected were stn (13.5 percent ), hupO (10.4 percent ), and vfpA (1.0 percent ). V. vulnificus biotype 3, formerly restricted to Isreal was identified. Generally, resistance among Vibrio isolates varied considerably with highest resistances recorded to amoxicillin (76.2 percent ), ampicillin (67.5 percent ), erythromycin (38.3 percent ), and doxycycline (35.0 percent ) while higher susceptibilities were revealed by gentamicin (100 percent ), norfloxacin (97.8 percent ), florfenicol (90.3 percent ), tetracycline (87.7 percent ), and chloramphenicol (87.4 percent ). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) (resistance to ≥ 2 classes of antibiotics) was 58.5 percent . The MAR index did not vary significantly between sites (P>0.05) and values of >0.20 were recorded in 40 percent (108/277) of all the isolates. The resistant genes ampC, blaOXA, tetA, tetM, dfr1, sul1, sul2, ermB, nptII and strA were detected in two or more Vibrio isolates while the SXT intergrase was detected only in one isolate. Seven of the 18 extreme drug resistant isolates possessed 1–3 plasmids of 1.5–10 kb range. A total of 321 presumptive Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered by culture out of which 202 (62.9 percent ) were identified as S. aureus by PCR. Of these, 33 (16.3 percent ) strains were mecA positive while the rest, 169 (83.7 percent ) were mecA negative. The sensitivity and specificity of MRSA detection by use of cefoxitin disc (30 μg) test was 93.9 percent and 91.7 percent , that for oxacillin screen agar test (6 μg/mL) was 81.8 percent and 92.3 percent while that of BrillianceTM MRSATM 2 agar was 87.9 percent and 94.1 percent respectively. Staphylococcal enterotoxin SEE was detected in 12.1 percent (4/33) of total strains followed by SEA 3.0 percent (1/33), and SEC 3.0 percent (1/33). SEB and SED were absent. Six of the isolates had the PVL gene, giving a prevalence of 18.2 percent . The most frequently detected SCCmec type was SCCmec type III (17/33; 51.5 percent ), closely followed by SCCmec subtype IVc (10/33; 30.3 percent ) and the least were SCCmec types I and II with only 3.0 percent (1/33) each. The rest four (4/33; 12.1 percent ) did not belong to any of the above types and were therefore considered to belong to other subtypes of SCCmec type IV not tested in the study. For antibiogram patterns, 12 (36.4 percent ) strains were resistant to doxycyline, 10 (30.3 percent ) to trimethroprim-sulfamethoxazole, 9 (27.3 percent ) to tetracycline and only 1 (3.0 percent ) strain was resistant to ciprofloxacin. Nineteen (57.6 percent ) of the MRSA strains had vancomycin MIC of ≤ 2 μg/mL, 4 (12.1 percent ) with MIC range of 4-8 μg/mL, and 10 (30.3 percent ) with values ≥ 16 μg/mL. Overall, 27 (91.percent) isolates showed simultaneous resistance to 3 or more antibiotics. The resistant genes tetM, tetA, ermB, BlaZ femA were detected in two or more strains resistant to various antimicrobials. Resistance to rifampicin was not caused by mutations in the rpoB gene. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first study reporting a broad, and diverse bacteria flora of skin, gill, and gut of the South African dusky kob as well as the first study on human pathogenic vibrios, and MRSA from marine finfish especially those from recirculatory aquaculture systems. Also, our study revealed that Vibrio species with pathogenic potential are present in marine dusky kob and its environs. Dusky kob is contaminated with CA- MRSA and HA- MRSA that may cause difficult to treat infections with regular antibiotics. Some of the MRSA strains contained toxins that can cause food-borne gastroeneteritis. The present study revealed that MRSA and Vibrio species are potential reservoirs for antibiotic resistant genes, which could be disseminated to other bacterial species probably through plasmids, a public health risk.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Agreement and coordination in XiTsonga, SeSotho and IsiXhosa: an optimality theoretic perspective
- Authors: Mitchley, Hazel
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3423 , vital:20491
- Description: This thesis provides a unified Optimality Theoretic analysis of subject-verb agreement with coordinated preverbal subjects in three Southern Bantu languages: Xitsonga (S53), Sesotho (S33), and isiXhosa (S41). This analysis is then used to formulate a typology of agreement resolution strategies and the contexts which trigger them. Although some accounts in the Bantu literature suggest that agreement with coordinate structures is avoided by speakers (e.g. Schadeberg 1992, Voeltz 1971) especially when conjuncts are from different noun classes, I show that there is ample evidence to the contrary, and that the subject marker used is dependent on several factors, including (i) the [-HUMAN] specification on the conjuncts, (ii) whether the conjuncts are singular or plural, (iii) whether or not the conjuncts both carry the same noun class feature, and (iv) the order of the conjuncts. This thesis shows that there are various agreement resolution strategies which can beused: 1) agreement with the [+HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 2) agreement with the[-HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 3) agreement with the noun class feature on both conjuncts, 4) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct closest to the verb, and 5) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct furthest from the verb. Not all of these strategies are used by all languages, nor are these strategies interchangeable in the languages which do use them – instead, multiple factors conspire to trigger the use of a specific agreement strategy within a specific agreement featural context. I show that these effects can be captured using Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 2004). The analysis makes use of seven constraints: RES#, MAX[+H], MAX[-H], DEP[-H], MAXNC, DEPNC, and AGREECLOSEST. The hierarchical ranking of these constraints not only accounts for the confinement of particular strategies to specific agreement featural contexts within a language, but also accounts for the cross-linguistic differences in the use of these strategies. I end off by examining the typological implications which follow from the OT analysis provided in this thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Mitchley, Hazel
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3423 , vital:20491
- Description: This thesis provides a unified Optimality Theoretic analysis of subject-verb agreement with coordinated preverbal subjects in three Southern Bantu languages: Xitsonga (S53), Sesotho (S33), and isiXhosa (S41). This analysis is then used to formulate a typology of agreement resolution strategies and the contexts which trigger them. Although some accounts in the Bantu literature suggest that agreement with coordinate structures is avoided by speakers (e.g. Schadeberg 1992, Voeltz 1971) especially when conjuncts are from different noun classes, I show that there is ample evidence to the contrary, and that the subject marker used is dependent on several factors, including (i) the [-HUMAN] specification on the conjuncts, (ii) whether the conjuncts are singular or plural, (iii) whether or not the conjuncts both carry the same noun class feature, and (iv) the order of the conjuncts. This thesis shows that there are various agreement resolution strategies which can beused: 1) agreement with the [+HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 2) agreement with the[-HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 3) agreement with the noun class feature on both conjuncts, 4) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct closest to the verb, and 5) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct furthest from the verb. Not all of these strategies are used by all languages, nor are these strategies interchangeable in the languages which do use them – instead, multiple factors conspire to trigger the use of a specific agreement strategy within a specific agreement featural context. I show that these effects can be captured using Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 2004). The analysis makes use of seven constraints: RES#, MAX[+H], MAX[-H], DEP[-H], MAXNC, DEPNC, and AGREECLOSEST. The hierarchical ranking of these constraints not only accounts for the confinement of particular strategies to specific agreement featural contexts within a language, but also accounts for the cross-linguistic differences in the use of these strategies. I end off by examining the typological implications which follow from the OT analysis provided in this thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Petrographic and geochemical characterisation of the hangingwall and the footwall rocks (the Dipeta and R.A.T. stratigraphic units) to the Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper ore deposits of the Lufilian Arc, southern Democratic Republic of Congo
- Authors: Nkulu, Robert Kankomba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Petrogenesis -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Analytical geochemistry -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Copper ores -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Ore deposits -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Katangan Sequence , Geological mapping -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Central African Copperbelt (Congo and Zambia) , Lufilian Arc , Neoproterozoic Katangan R.A.T. (Roches Argilo Talqueuse) Subgroup , Dipeta Subgroup
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142772 , vital:38115
- Description: The Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) are set in the eastern side of the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, forming the Lufilian Arc, resulting from a cratonic collision between the Congo and the Kalahari Cratons (ca.620-570_Ma). The Katanga Supergroup was deposited in an extensional rift setting with a sedimentary thickness succession ranging between 7 to 10 km, sub-divided into: − the Roan, the Nguba and the Kundelungu Groups. The stratigraphic column of the Roan Group consists of the R.A.T. (Roche Argilo Talqueuse), the Mines, the Dipeta and the Mwashya Subgroups. Three major deformation phases have been described characterised by complex multiphase tectonics related to a curved superposition of folded, thrust and sheared blocks. The rocks of the R.A.T., Mines and Dipeta Subgroups are recognised as blocks that occur within a stratiform to discordant and diapiritic megabreccia. The blocks were rafted upward with salt tectonics, resulting in the juxtaposition with the hangingwall and the footwall terranes. Therefore, in that context it has been found that the Dipeta may appear overlying the R.A.T. Subgroup through the unconformity decollement surface of heterogeneous breccia. The petrographic observations made of the R.A.T. and Dipeta samples indicates in both units the presence of detrital quartz and feldspar that have been altered and replaced by sericite and muscovite minerals. Gypsum is intimately associated with magnesite, showing an evaporitic environment domain, while magnesite is common as alteration phase both in the R.A.T. and Dipeta Subgroups. Pyrophyllite has been observed in the Dipeta, resulting from reaction of silica with the Kaolinite at low temperature. Accessory detrital minerals include zircon, as well as xenotime intergrown with altered Fe-Ti-oxide hematite, forming complex textures with disseminated Ti-oxides both in R.A.T. and Dipeta units. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the Dipeta is more dolomitic and magnesite while the R.A.T. is clay-rich. The Ti2O value of Dipeta and R.A.T samples is relatively low, ranging between 0.36 and 0.69 wt.% respectively, which suggest highly evolved felsic material in the protolith. This is consistent with interpretation based on the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio, which ranges between 18 and 23 for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively, indicating an intermediate to felsic granitoids as the protolith of R.A.T. and Dipeta siltstones. The Ti/Zr ratio of R.A.T. and Dipeta samples of less than 10, while, the higher La/Sc ratio of between 2.6 and 5.5 (for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively) indicate that both the R.A.T. and Dipeta are active continental and passive margin tectonic setting. Based on the geochemical variation with depth across the R.A.T. and Dipeta and their contact zone, a geochemical fingerprinting suggests that the ratio TiO2/Al2O3 appears to be useful and could be considered as a stratigraphic geochemical maker able to discriminate the R.A.T. and the Dipeta Subgroups during the geological mapping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Nkulu, Robert Kankomba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Petrogenesis -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Analytical geochemistry -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Copper ores -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Ore deposits -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Katangan Sequence , Geological mapping -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Central African Copperbelt (Congo and Zambia) , Lufilian Arc , Neoproterozoic Katangan R.A.T. (Roches Argilo Talqueuse) Subgroup , Dipeta Subgroup
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142772 , vital:38115
- Description: The Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) are set in the eastern side of the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, forming the Lufilian Arc, resulting from a cratonic collision between the Congo and the Kalahari Cratons (ca.620-570_Ma). The Katanga Supergroup was deposited in an extensional rift setting with a sedimentary thickness succession ranging between 7 to 10 km, sub-divided into: − the Roan, the Nguba and the Kundelungu Groups. The stratigraphic column of the Roan Group consists of the R.A.T. (Roche Argilo Talqueuse), the Mines, the Dipeta and the Mwashya Subgroups. Three major deformation phases have been described characterised by complex multiphase tectonics related to a curved superposition of folded, thrust and sheared blocks. The rocks of the R.A.T., Mines and Dipeta Subgroups are recognised as blocks that occur within a stratiform to discordant and diapiritic megabreccia. The blocks were rafted upward with salt tectonics, resulting in the juxtaposition with the hangingwall and the footwall terranes. Therefore, in that context it has been found that the Dipeta may appear overlying the R.A.T. Subgroup through the unconformity decollement surface of heterogeneous breccia. The petrographic observations made of the R.A.T. and Dipeta samples indicates in both units the presence of detrital quartz and feldspar that have been altered and replaced by sericite and muscovite minerals. Gypsum is intimately associated with magnesite, showing an evaporitic environment domain, while magnesite is common as alteration phase both in the R.A.T. and Dipeta Subgroups. Pyrophyllite has been observed in the Dipeta, resulting from reaction of silica with the Kaolinite at low temperature. Accessory detrital minerals include zircon, as well as xenotime intergrown with altered Fe-Ti-oxide hematite, forming complex textures with disseminated Ti-oxides both in R.A.T. and Dipeta units. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the Dipeta is more dolomitic and magnesite while the R.A.T. is clay-rich. The Ti2O value of Dipeta and R.A.T samples is relatively low, ranging between 0.36 and 0.69 wt.% respectively, which suggest highly evolved felsic material in the protolith. This is consistent with interpretation based on the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio, which ranges between 18 and 23 for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively, indicating an intermediate to felsic granitoids as the protolith of R.A.T. and Dipeta siltstones. The Ti/Zr ratio of R.A.T. and Dipeta samples of less than 10, while, the higher La/Sc ratio of between 2.6 and 5.5 (for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively) indicate that both the R.A.T. and Dipeta are active continental and passive margin tectonic setting. Based on the geochemical variation with depth across the R.A.T. and Dipeta and their contact zone, a geochemical fingerprinting suggests that the ratio TiO2/Al2O3 appears to be useful and could be considered as a stratigraphic geochemical maker able to discriminate the R.A.T. and the Dipeta Subgroups during the geological mapping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
An assessment of the performance appraisal system utilised for junior and middle level management within the South African National Defence Force
- Authors: Terblanche, Graham Martin
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10884 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/148 , Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Description: The research problem of this study was to assess the extent to which the appraisal system for junior and middle level managers in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) met the requirements and guidelines for performance appraisal as stipulated in the literature. To achieve this objective, the following procedure was followed: · A survey of existing literature, related to performance appraisal, was conducted. The literature study focused on the requirements for an effective performance appraisal system, appraisal methods and appraisal errors. Attention was also focused on who should take responsibility for performance appraisal and the importance of regularly evaluating the performance appraisal system to meet the demands of a changing environment. The second part of the literature study dealt with the guidelines for establishing an effective appraisal system as well as performance management processes and cycles that are critical for the effectiveness of an appraisal system. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which junior and middle level managers in the SANDF agreed with the theoretical guidelines. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of junior and middle level managers who were representative of the South African Army, Airforce and Medical Services. The empirical results indicated that there was concurrence with many of the guidelines in the literature, but that there were areas that could be improved. It became evident that many respondents felt that the current system was not entirely fair and was not adapted to meet the needs of the integrated SANDF. Specifically, results indicated that the system should be re-evaluated to eliminate bias and to enhance the development of clear standards, both on a quantitative and qualitative level. It became clear that training and communication were important to the successful development and utilisation of a performance appraisal system. An effective performance appraisal system that is integrated with the overall performance management system of an organisation will enhance productivity, satisfaction and the attainment of goals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Terblanche, Graham Martin
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10884 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/148 , Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Description: The research problem of this study was to assess the extent to which the appraisal system for junior and middle level managers in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) met the requirements and guidelines for performance appraisal as stipulated in the literature. To achieve this objective, the following procedure was followed: · A survey of existing literature, related to performance appraisal, was conducted. The literature study focused on the requirements for an effective performance appraisal system, appraisal methods and appraisal errors. Attention was also focused on who should take responsibility for performance appraisal and the importance of regularly evaluating the performance appraisal system to meet the demands of a changing environment. The second part of the literature study dealt with the guidelines for establishing an effective appraisal system as well as performance management processes and cycles that are critical for the effectiveness of an appraisal system. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which junior and middle level managers in the SANDF agreed with the theoretical guidelines. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of junior and middle level managers who were representative of the South African Army, Airforce and Medical Services. The empirical results indicated that there was concurrence with many of the guidelines in the literature, but that there were areas that could be improved. It became evident that many respondents felt that the current system was not entirely fair and was not adapted to meet the needs of the integrated SANDF. Specifically, results indicated that the system should be re-evaluated to eliminate bias and to enhance the development of clear standards, both on a quantitative and qualitative level. It became clear that training and communication were important to the successful development and utilisation of a performance appraisal system. An effective performance appraisal system that is integrated with the overall performance management system of an organisation will enhance productivity, satisfaction and the attainment of goals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Adama
- Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer), Aliou Traore (violin), Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan), Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara), Halima Sangare (chorus), Souleymane Dembele (balafon), Kalibou Diarra (djembe), MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129758 , vital:36328 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-07
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129758 , vital:36328 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-07
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
Be Kou Will Konke
- Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer), Aliou Traore (violin), Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan), Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara), Halima Sangare (chorus), Souleymane Dembele (balafon), Kalibou Diarra (djembe), MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129704 , vital:36322 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-01
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129704 , vital:36322 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-01
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
Sadioroule
- Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer), Aliou Traore (violin), Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan), Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara), Halima Sangare (chorus), Souleymane Dembele (balafon), Kalibou Diarra (djembe), MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129713 , vital:36323 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-02
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129713 , vital:36323 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-02
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
Faso Den Kulu
- Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer), Aliou Traore (violin), Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan), Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara), Halima Sangare (chorus), Souleymane Dembele (balafon), Kalibou Diarra (djembe), MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129722 , vital:36324 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-03
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer) , Aliou Traore (violin) , Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan) , Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara) , Halima Sangare (chorus) , Souleymane Dembele (balafon) , Kalibou Diarra (djembe) , MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Popular music , Folk music , Africa Mali Bamako f-ml
- Language: Fulani
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129722 , vital:36324 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC32-03
- Description: Traditional Malian music from the south, performed on traditional instruments, ngoni, kangnan, yabara, balafon, djembe and a violin
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1998