No woman no cry
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French , English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129423 , vital:36287 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-01
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French , English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129423 , vital:36287 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-01
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Saloum Ghetto
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129459 , vital:36293 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-05
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129459 , vital:36293 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-05
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Histoire Sans Fin
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129468 , vital:36296 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-06
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129468 , vital:36296 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-06
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Lendemain
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129486 , vital:36298 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-08
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129486 , vital:36298 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-08
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Nell Fess
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129513 , vital:36301 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-11
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129513 , vital:36301 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-11
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Fuck Q
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129432 , vital:36290 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-02
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129432 , vital:36290 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-02
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Door mou danou
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129477 , vital:36297 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-07
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129477 , vital:36297 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-07
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Hip hop
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129504 , vital:36300 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-10
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129504 , vital:36300 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-10
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Mentalite Africaine
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129450 , vital:36292 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-04
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129450 , vital:36292 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-04
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Bathia
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129437 , vital:36291 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-03
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129437 , vital:36291 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-03
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
No Woman No Cry (bonus)
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129518 , vital:36302 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-12
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129518 , vital:36302 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-12
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Boul Thi Kheup Souf
- Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals), Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus), El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora), Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar), Jazzy M (scratch), Sama Flavor (composed by), Studio 2000
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129495 , vital:36299 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-09
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tonton Mac, Sugar Flavor, Caporal F (lead vocals) , Suzanne Khar Fofana Ass II, Bouba (chorus) , El hadji Cissokho, Babouli Cissokho (kora) , Laye Kane, Urbain Lambert (guitar) , Jazzy M (scratch) , Sama Flavor (composed by) , Studio 2000
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: Wolof , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129495 , vital:36299 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC28-09
- Description: Hip hop song sung in English, French and Wolof
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Petrology and geochemistry of the basal gabbro unit, Uitkomst complex
- Strauss, Toby Anthony Lavery
- Authors: Strauss, Toby Anthony Lavery
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Petrology -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga -- badplaas , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga , Gabbro -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4989 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005601 , Petrology -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga -- badplaas , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga , Gabbro -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga
- Description: The Cu/(Cu+Ni) ratios associated with the Basal Gabbro also display the vertical reverse fractionation trend, supporting the supercooled margin model. The disseminated sulphides in the lowermost units, are regarded as being the result of sulphur saturation induced by contamination from the dolomitic and quartzitic xenoliths. This is supported by isotope data which indicate the high degree of contamination in the lowermost units of the Complex. The results of this study are used to propose a model for the petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Uitkomst Complex, whereby the Complex is closely related to the Bushveld Complex. The Basal Gabbro, as supported by its chemistry and style of mineralisation (Cu-rich), represents a supercooled margin to the lowermost units of the Uitkomst Complex, which stoped upwards into the surrounding sediments, assimilating the country rock xenoliths, and precipitating sulphides. Following this was a period in which large quantities of magma moved laterally through the system before the magma flow waned, and closed system crystallisation ensued. As the body cooled, the primarily magmatic water was superceded by the hydrothermal magmatic water released from the xenoliths, and later by geothermally driven circulating meteoric water, producing the extensive alteration. This alteration was accompanied by considerable stress and the development of fractures and shears. Finally the Complex was itself intruded by diabase sills and later dolerite dykes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: Strauss, Toby Anthony Lavery
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: Petrology -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga -- badplaas , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga , Gabbro -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4989 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005601 , Petrology -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga -- badplaas , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga , Gabbro -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga
- Description: The Cu/(Cu+Ni) ratios associated with the Basal Gabbro also display the vertical reverse fractionation trend, supporting the supercooled margin model. The disseminated sulphides in the lowermost units, are regarded as being the result of sulphur saturation induced by contamination from the dolomitic and quartzitic xenoliths. This is supported by isotope data which indicate the high degree of contamination in the lowermost units of the Complex. The results of this study are used to propose a model for the petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Uitkomst Complex, whereby the Complex is closely related to the Bushveld Complex. The Basal Gabbro, as supported by its chemistry and style of mineralisation (Cu-rich), represents a supercooled margin to the lowermost units of the Uitkomst Complex, which stoped upwards into the surrounding sediments, assimilating the country rock xenoliths, and precipitating sulphides. Following this was a period in which large quantities of magma moved laterally through the system before the magma flow waned, and closed system crystallisation ensued. As the body cooled, the primarily magmatic water was superceded by the hydrothermal magmatic water released from the xenoliths, and later by geothermally driven circulating meteoric water, producing the extensive alteration. This alteration was accompanied by considerable stress and the development of fractures and shears. Finally the Complex was itself intruded by diabase sills and later dolerite dykes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
An evaluation of programming assistance tools to support the learning of IT programming: a case study in South African secondary schools
- Authors: Koorsse, Melisa
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Computer science , Computer literacy , Computer programming
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10472 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010581 , Computer science , Computer literacy , Computer programming
- Description: Worldwide, there is a decline in interest in the computer science profession and in the subject at secondary school level. Novice programmers struggle to understand introductory programming concepts and this difficulty of learning to program is contributing to the lack of interest in the field of computer science. Information Technology (IT) learners in South African secondary schools are novice programmers, introduced to introductory programming concepts in the subject which also includes topics on hardware and system software, e-communication, social and ethical issues, spreadsheets and databases. The difficulties faced by IT learners are worsened by the lack of suitably qualified teachers, a saturated learning programme that allocates very little time to the understanding of complex programming concepts and limited class time where practical examples can be implemented with the support of the IT teacher. This research proposes that IT learners could be supported by a programming assistance tool (PAT). A PAT is a software program that can be used by novice programmers to learn how to program and/or improve their understanding of programming concepts. PATs use different techniques to assist novice programmers. The main objective of this research was to determine whether the use of a PAT impacted IT learners’ understanding of programming concepts and motivation towards programming. The literature study and feedback from IT learners and teachers were used to identify novice programming difficulties and IT learner programming difficulties, respectively. Selection criteria were derived from the programming difficulties identified. The selection criteria were grouped into three categories, namely, programming concepts, programming knowledge and programming skills. Existing PATs were evaluated using the selection criteria and three PATs, namely, RoboMind, Scratch and B#, were selected as suitable for use by IT learners. RoboMind was adapted in this research study, allowing it to support the Delphi programming language. The three PATs were evaluated by participating IT learners at four schools. The findings of this research provided no conclusive evidence that IT learners who used a PAT had a significantly better understanding of programming concepts and motivation towards programming than learners who did not use a PAT. IT learner feedback was used to identify the strengths and shortcomings of the three PATs and to provide recommendations for the development of PATs specifically to support IT learners. This research study has provided several theoretical and practical contributions, including the research design, selection criteria, adaptations to RoboMind and the evaluation of the three PATs. In addition, IT teachers and learners have been made aware of PATs and the support that can be provided by these PATs. IT teachers have also been provided with a means of selecting PATs applicable to the IT curriculum. All the research contributions have formed the basis for future work, such as improving and extending RoboMind’s functionality and support of programming concepts, the refinement of the selection criteria and, ultimately, the development of a new PAT, specifically designed to support IT learner understanding of programming concepts and motivation towards programming.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Koorsse, Melisa
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Computer science , Computer literacy , Computer programming
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10472 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010581 , Computer science , Computer literacy , Computer programming
- Description: Worldwide, there is a decline in interest in the computer science profession and in the subject at secondary school level. Novice programmers struggle to understand introductory programming concepts and this difficulty of learning to program is contributing to the lack of interest in the field of computer science. Information Technology (IT) learners in South African secondary schools are novice programmers, introduced to introductory programming concepts in the subject which also includes topics on hardware and system software, e-communication, social and ethical issues, spreadsheets and databases. The difficulties faced by IT learners are worsened by the lack of suitably qualified teachers, a saturated learning programme that allocates very little time to the understanding of complex programming concepts and limited class time where practical examples can be implemented with the support of the IT teacher. This research proposes that IT learners could be supported by a programming assistance tool (PAT). A PAT is a software program that can be used by novice programmers to learn how to program and/or improve their understanding of programming concepts. PATs use different techniques to assist novice programmers. The main objective of this research was to determine whether the use of a PAT impacted IT learners’ understanding of programming concepts and motivation towards programming. The literature study and feedback from IT learners and teachers were used to identify novice programming difficulties and IT learner programming difficulties, respectively. Selection criteria were derived from the programming difficulties identified. The selection criteria were grouped into three categories, namely, programming concepts, programming knowledge and programming skills. Existing PATs were evaluated using the selection criteria and three PATs, namely, RoboMind, Scratch and B#, were selected as suitable for use by IT learners. RoboMind was adapted in this research study, allowing it to support the Delphi programming language. The three PATs were evaluated by participating IT learners at four schools. The findings of this research provided no conclusive evidence that IT learners who used a PAT had a significantly better understanding of programming concepts and motivation towards programming than learners who did not use a PAT. IT learner feedback was used to identify the strengths and shortcomings of the three PATs and to provide recommendations for the development of PATs specifically to support IT learners. This research study has provided several theoretical and practical contributions, including the research design, selection criteria, adaptations to RoboMind and the evaluation of the three PATs. In addition, IT teachers and learners have been made aware of PATs and the support that can be provided by these PATs. IT teachers have also been provided with a means of selecting PATs applicable to the IT curriculum. All the research contributions have formed the basis for future work, such as improving and extending RoboMind’s functionality and support of programming concepts, the refinement of the selection criteria and, ultimately, the development of a new PAT, specifically designed to support IT learner understanding of programming concepts and motivation towards programming.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Cytogenetic studies of Pseudobarbus and selected Barbus (Pisces: Cyprinidae) of southern Africa
- Authors: Naran, Daksha
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: Cyprinidae
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5252 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005095 , Cyprinidae
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore the karyology of temperate southern African barbine species in order to determine the extent and significance of polyploidy within the species. The study presents an optimised in vivo karyological protocol for the small barbines. The analysis of chromosomal data was explored using two approaches; measured (quantitative) and visual (qualitative). The karyology of 16 species of Barbus and six species of Pseudobarbus (Pisces: Cyprinidae) is reported. The study represents an almost complete (22/23 species) karyological survey of the temperate barbines. Chromosome number, arm numbers (NF) are recorded and karyotype morphology described for all species. Nucleolar organiser regions (NOR)s of 18 species have been examined by silver staining. Seven different AgNOR phenotypes occur among the species examined. Chromosome complements of the different species indicate at least three ploidy levels; diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid. Higher ploidy levels are represented in 78% (18/23) of species within the temperate fauna. This finding is remarkable, in the light of global proportions of cyprinid karyotypes, and provides an opportunity to shed further light on the evolution of polyploidy in barbine cyprinids. Results show that morphologically defined species complexes have distinct karyotypes, and most probably form cohesive phyletic clades. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using traditional morphological characters and tested against karyological data. The results suggests that similar ploidy states do not necessarily indicate close relationship between species. This supports a hypothesis of polyphyly for the African barbine cyprinids and also provides independent support for species complexes such as the "chubbyhead barb group" and the Pseudobarbus lineage. The broader implications of karyological findings are discussed within the context of African barbines and recommendations for further cytogenetic research are provided.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Naran, Daksha
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: Cyprinidae
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5252 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005095 , Cyprinidae
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore the karyology of temperate southern African barbine species in order to determine the extent and significance of polyploidy within the species. The study presents an optimised in vivo karyological protocol for the small barbines. The analysis of chromosomal data was explored using two approaches; measured (quantitative) and visual (qualitative). The karyology of 16 species of Barbus and six species of Pseudobarbus (Pisces: Cyprinidae) is reported. The study represents an almost complete (22/23 species) karyological survey of the temperate barbines. Chromosome number, arm numbers (NF) are recorded and karyotype morphology described for all species. Nucleolar organiser regions (NOR)s of 18 species have been examined by silver staining. Seven different AgNOR phenotypes occur among the species examined. Chromosome complements of the different species indicate at least three ploidy levels; diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid. Higher ploidy levels are represented in 78% (18/23) of species within the temperate fauna. This finding is remarkable, in the light of global proportions of cyprinid karyotypes, and provides an opportunity to shed further light on the evolution of polyploidy in barbine cyprinids. Results show that morphologically defined species complexes have distinct karyotypes, and most probably form cohesive phyletic clades. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using traditional morphological characters and tested against karyological data. The results suggests that similar ploidy states do not necessarily indicate close relationship between species. This supports a hypothesis of polyphyly for the African barbine cyprinids and also provides independent support for species complexes such as the "chubbyhead barb group" and the Pseudobarbus lineage. The broader implications of karyological findings are discussed within the context of African barbines and recommendations for further cytogenetic research are provided.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
A deep learning approach to classifying tyres using sidewall images
- Authors: Gifford, Dean
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Image processing -- Digital techniques , Image processing Computer science
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39720 , vital:35351
- Description: End of Life Tyres (ELT's) pose a potential health and environmental risk when dumped in illegal stockpiles. For recycling to be considered feasible, a profitable business opportunity needs to be created. One method of making the recycling process of tyres more profitable is by understanding the compounds found within each tyre. This study aims at classifying these tyres in order to achieve this knowledge. A literature review was done to investigate neural networks, convolutional neural networks as well as existing deep learning architectures for image classification. A deep learning approach was applied in order to classify the logos of tyres as these approaches have proved their success in both image classification and more specifically logo classification. Although tyre classification has been implemented in the past, a deep learning approach has not been applied and the logo has not been the classifying element in any other studies. The main difference of this study compared to previous research surrounding deep learning and logo classification is the properties of the tyre logo. Logos on tyres are very similar in colour as they are purely formed in rubber and very seldom have any colour to them. Additionally, the embossed logos can contain variation among same branded tyres due to small inconsistencies in the moulds. The implementation of this deep learning solution saw multiple convolutional neural networks implemented. Some of these architectures were also implemented using transferred learning. The metrics obtained as outputs from training and testing the architectures were the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. These metrics were compared in conjunction with the confusion matrix produced from testing. To ensure that variance was accounted for in the experiments, the k-fold cross-validation technique was adopted. The results of this study identified that one convolutional neural network model, MobileNet, was particularly well suited for the context of classifying logos on tyre sidewalls. The MobileNet architecture had the highest performance metrics for both training from scratch (96.7% accuracy) and transferred learning (98.8% accuracy). Three other models performed particularly well when trained from scratch, these were a modification of the LeNet architecture, ResNet50 and InceptionV3. The transferred learning results were also impressive with four out of the 5 models achieving an accuracy above 94%. Interestingly, the ResNet50 architecture failed to train when transferred learning was applied. Contrasting to this, the two models VGG16 and VGG19 failed to train when trained from scratch but performed equally as well as the other models when transferred learning was implemented. This indicates that although transferred learning can improve the performance of models, it is highly dependent on the task as well as the model. Overall the results obtained proved that a deep learning approach could be applied in order to classify tyres accurately.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Gifford, Dean
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Image processing -- Digital techniques , Image processing Computer science
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39720 , vital:35351
- Description: End of Life Tyres (ELT's) pose a potential health and environmental risk when dumped in illegal stockpiles. For recycling to be considered feasible, a profitable business opportunity needs to be created. One method of making the recycling process of tyres more profitable is by understanding the compounds found within each tyre. This study aims at classifying these tyres in order to achieve this knowledge. A literature review was done to investigate neural networks, convolutional neural networks as well as existing deep learning architectures for image classification. A deep learning approach was applied in order to classify the logos of tyres as these approaches have proved their success in both image classification and more specifically logo classification. Although tyre classification has been implemented in the past, a deep learning approach has not been applied and the logo has not been the classifying element in any other studies. The main difference of this study compared to previous research surrounding deep learning and logo classification is the properties of the tyre logo. Logos on tyres are very similar in colour as they are purely formed in rubber and very seldom have any colour to them. Additionally, the embossed logos can contain variation among same branded tyres due to small inconsistencies in the moulds. The implementation of this deep learning solution saw multiple convolutional neural networks implemented. Some of these architectures were also implemented using transferred learning. The metrics obtained as outputs from training and testing the architectures were the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. These metrics were compared in conjunction with the confusion matrix produced from testing. To ensure that variance was accounted for in the experiments, the k-fold cross-validation technique was adopted. The results of this study identified that one convolutional neural network model, MobileNet, was particularly well suited for the context of classifying logos on tyre sidewalls. The MobileNet architecture had the highest performance metrics for both training from scratch (96.7% accuracy) and transferred learning (98.8% accuracy). Three other models performed particularly well when trained from scratch, these were a modification of the LeNet architecture, ResNet50 and InceptionV3. The transferred learning results were also impressive with four out of the 5 models achieving an accuracy above 94%. Interestingly, the ResNet50 architecture failed to train when transferred learning was applied. Contrasting to this, the two models VGG16 and VGG19 failed to train when trained from scratch but performed equally as well as the other models when transferred learning was implemented. This indicates that although transferred learning can improve the performance of models, it is highly dependent on the task as well as the model. Overall the results obtained proved that a deep learning approach could be applied in order to classify tyres accurately.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Agreement and coordination in XiTsonga, SeSotho and IsiXhosa: an optimality theoretic perspective
- Authors: Mitchley, Hazel
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3423 , vital:20491
- Description: This thesis provides a unified Optimality Theoretic analysis of subject-verb agreement with coordinated preverbal subjects in three Southern Bantu languages: Xitsonga (S53), Sesotho (S33), and isiXhosa (S41). This analysis is then used to formulate a typology of agreement resolution strategies and the contexts which trigger them. Although some accounts in the Bantu literature suggest that agreement with coordinate structures is avoided by speakers (e.g. Schadeberg 1992, Voeltz 1971) especially when conjuncts are from different noun classes, I show that there is ample evidence to the contrary, and that the subject marker used is dependent on several factors, including (i) the [-HUMAN] specification on the conjuncts, (ii) whether the conjuncts are singular or plural, (iii) whether or not the conjuncts both carry the same noun class feature, and (iv) the order of the conjuncts. This thesis shows that there are various agreement resolution strategies which can beused: 1) agreement with the [+HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 2) agreement with the[-HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 3) agreement with the noun class feature on both conjuncts, 4) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct closest to the verb, and 5) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct furthest from the verb. Not all of these strategies are used by all languages, nor are these strategies interchangeable in the languages which do use them – instead, multiple factors conspire to trigger the use of a specific agreement strategy within a specific agreement featural context. I show that these effects can be captured using Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 2004). The analysis makes use of seven constraints: RES#, MAX[+H], MAX[-H], DEP[-H], MAXNC, DEPNC, and AGREECLOSEST. The hierarchical ranking of these constraints not only accounts for the confinement of particular strategies to specific agreement featural contexts within a language, but also accounts for the cross-linguistic differences in the use of these strategies. I end off by examining the typological implications which follow from the OT analysis provided in this thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Mitchley, Hazel
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3423 , vital:20491
- Description: This thesis provides a unified Optimality Theoretic analysis of subject-verb agreement with coordinated preverbal subjects in three Southern Bantu languages: Xitsonga (S53), Sesotho (S33), and isiXhosa (S41). This analysis is then used to formulate a typology of agreement resolution strategies and the contexts which trigger them. Although some accounts in the Bantu literature suggest that agreement with coordinate structures is avoided by speakers (e.g. Schadeberg 1992, Voeltz 1971) especially when conjuncts are from different noun classes, I show that there is ample evidence to the contrary, and that the subject marker used is dependent on several factors, including (i) the [-HUMAN] specification on the conjuncts, (ii) whether the conjuncts are singular or plural, (iii) whether or not the conjuncts both carry the same noun class feature, and (iv) the order of the conjuncts. This thesis shows that there are various agreement resolution strategies which can beused: 1) agreement with the [+HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 2) agreement with the[-HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 3) agreement with the noun class feature on both conjuncts, 4) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct closest to the verb, and 5) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct furthest from the verb. Not all of these strategies are used by all languages, nor are these strategies interchangeable in the languages which do use them – instead, multiple factors conspire to trigger the use of a specific agreement strategy within a specific agreement featural context. I show that these effects can be captured using Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 2004). The analysis makes use of seven constraints: RES#, MAX[+H], MAX[-H], DEP[-H], MAXNC, DEPNC, and AGREECLOSEST. The hierarchical ranking of these constraints not only accounts for the confinement of particular strategies to specific agreement featural contexts within a language, but also accounts for the cross-linguistic differences in the use of these strategies. I end off by examining the typological implications which follow from the OT analysis provided in this thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Petrographic and geochemical characterisation of the hangingwall and the footwall rocks (the Dipeta and R.A.T. stratigraphic units) to the Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper ore deposits of the Lufilian Arc, southern Democratic Republic of Congo
- Authors: Nkulu, Robert Kankomba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Petrogenesis -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Analytical geochemistry -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Copper ores -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Ore deposits -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Katangan Sequence , Geological mapping -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Central African Copperbelt (Congo and Zambia) , Lufilian Arc , Neoproterozoic Katangan R.A.T. (Roches Argilo Talqueuse) Subgroup , Dipeta Subgroup
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142772 , vital:38115
- Description: The Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) are set in the eastern side of the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, forming the Lufilian Arc, resulting from a cratonic collision between the Congo and the Kalahari Cratons (ca.620-570_Ma). The Katanga Supergroup was deposited in an extensional rift setting with a sedimentary thickness succession ranging between 7 to 10 km, sub-divided into: − the Roan, the Nguba and the Kundelungu Groups. The stratigraphic column of the Roan Group consists of the R.A.T. (Roche Argilo Talqueuse), the Mines, the Dipeta and the Mwashya Subgroups. Three major deformation phases have been described characterised by complex multiphase tectonics related to a curved superposition of folded, thrust and sheared blocks. The rocks of the R.A.T., Mines and Dipeta Subgroups are recognised as blocks that occur within a stratiform to discordant and diapiritic megabreccia. The blocks were rafted upward with salt tectonics, resulting in the juxtaposition with the hangingwall and the footwall terranes. Therefore, in that context it has been found that the Dipeta may appear overlying the R.A.T. Subgroup through the unconformity decollement surface of heterogeneous breccia. The petrographic observations made of the R.A.T. and Dipeta samples indicates in both units the presence of detrital quartz and feldspar that have been altered and replaced by sericite and muscovite minerals. Gypsum is intimately associated with magnesite, showing an evaporitic environment domain, while magnesite is common as alteration phase both in the R.A.T. and Dipeta Subgroups. Pyrophyllite has been observed in the Dipeta, resulting from reaction of silica with the Kaolinite at low temperature. Accessory detrital minerals include zircon, as well as xenotime intergrown with altered Fe-Ti-oxide hematite, forming complex textures with disseminated Ti-oxides both in R.A.T. and Dipeta units. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the Dipeta is more dolomitic and magnesite while the R.A.T. is clay-rich. The Ti2O value of Dipeta and R.A.T samples is relatively low, ranging between 0.36 and 0.69 wt.% respectively, which suggest highly evolved felsic material in the protolith. This is consistent with interpretation based on the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio, which ranges between 18 and 23 for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively, indicating an intermediate to felsic granitoids as the protolith of R.A.T. and Dipeta siltstones. The Ti/Zr ratio of R.A.T. and Dipeta samples of less than 10, while, the higher La/Sc ratio of between 2.6 and 5.5 (for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively) indicate that both the R.A.T. and Dipeta are active continental and passive margin tectonic setting. Based on the geochemical variation with depth across the R.A.T. and Dipeta and their contact zone, a geochemical fingerprinting suggests that the ratio TiO2/Al2O3 appears to be useful and could be considered as a stratigraphic geochemical maker able to discriminate the R.A.T. and the Dipeta Subgroups during the geological mapping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Nkulu, Robert Kankomba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Petrogenesis -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Analytical geochemistry -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Copper ores -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Ore deposits -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Katangan Sequence , Geological mapping -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Central African Copperbelt (Congo and Zambia) , Lufilian Arc , Neoproterozoic Katangan R.A.T. (Roches Argilo Talqueuse) Subgroup , Dipeta Subgroup
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142772 , vital:38115
- Description: The Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) are set in the eastern side of the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, forming the Lufilian Arc, resulting from a cratonic collision between the Congo and the Kalahari Cratons (ca.620-570_Ma). The Katanga Supergroup was deposited in an extensional rift setting with a sedimentary thickness succession ranging between 7 to 10 km, sub-divided into: − the Roan, the Nguba and the Kundelungu Groups. The stratigraphic column of the Roan Group consists of the R.A.T. (Roche Argilo Talqueuse), the Mines, the Dipeta and the Mwashya Subgroups. Three major deformation phases have been described characterised by complex multiphase tectonics related to a curved superposition of folded, thrust and sheared blocks. The rocks of the R.A.T., Mines and Dipeta Subgroups are recognised as blocks that occur within a stratiform to discordant and diapiritic megabreccia. The blocks were rafted upward with salt tectonics, resulting in the juxtaposition with the hangingwall and the footwall terranes. Therefore, in that context it has been found that the Dipeta may appear overlying the R.A.T. Subgroup through the unconformity decollement surface of heterogeneous breccia. The petrographic observations made of the R.A.T. and Dipeta samples indicates in both units the presence of detrital quartz and feldspar that have been altered and replaced by sericite and muscovite minerals. Gypsum is intimately associated with magnesite, showing an evaporitic environment domain, while magnesite is common as alteration phase both in the R.A.T. and Dipeta Subgroups. Pyrophyllite has been observed in the Dipeta, resulting from reaction of silica with the Kaolinite at low temperature. Accessory detrital minerals include zircon, as well as xenotime intergrown with altered Fe-Ti-oxide hematite, forming complex textures with disseminated Ti-oxides both in R.A.T. and Dipeta units. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the Dipeta is more dolomitic and magnesite while the R.A.T. is clay-rich. The Ti2O value of Dipeta and R.A.T samples is relatively low, ranging between 0.36 and 0.69 wt.% respectively, which suggest highly evolved felsic material in the protolith. This is consistent with interpretation based on the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio, which ranges between 18 and 23 for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively, indicating an intermediate to felsic granitoids as the protolith of R.A.T. and Dipeta siltstones. The Ti/Zr ratio of R.A.T. and Dipeta samples of less than 10, while, the higher La/Sc ratio of between 2.6 and 5.5 (for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively) indicate that both the R.A.T. and Dipeta are active continental and passive margin tectonic setting. Based on the geochemical variation with depth across the R.A.T. and Dipeta and their contact zone, a geochemical fingerprinting suggests that the ratio TiO2/Al2O3 appears to be useful and could be considered as a stratigraphic geochemical maker able to discriminate the R.A.T. and the Dipeta Subgroups during the geological mapping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Three new pentacyclic triterpenoids from twigs of Manniophyton fulvum (Euphorbiaceae)
- Mbeunkeu, Ahri B D, Noundou, Xavier S, Krause, Rui W M, Teinkela, Jean E M, Laatsch, Hartmut, Azebaze, Anatole G B, Vardamides, Juliette C, Tala, Michel F
- Authors: Mbeunkeu, Ahri B D , Noundou, Xavier S , Krause, Rui W M , Teinkela, Jean E M , Laatsch, Hartmut , Azebaze, Anatole G B , Vardamides, Juliette C , Tala, Michel F
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126782 , vital:35922 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2018.06.019
- Description: Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extracts of the twigs of Manniophyton fulvum has led to the isolation and characterization of three new pentacyclic triterpenoids, designated as 3α,28-dihydroxyfriedelan-1-one (1), manniotaraxerol A (3) and manniotaraxerol B (4), along with fourteen known compounds, 3α-hydroxy-1-oxofriedelane (2), betulinic acid (5), friedelin (S1), taraxerol (S2), a mixture of stigmasterol (S3) and β-sitosterol (S4), herranone (S5), docosanoic acid (S6), ursolic acid (S7), nasutin B (S8), bergenin (S9), stigmasterol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (S10), 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6-sulfo-α-D-quinovopyranosyl)glycerol (S11), and aridanin (S12). The structures of all compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR, EI and ESI-MS). 3α,28-Dihydroxyfriedelan-1-one (1), 3α-hydroxy-1-oxofriedelane (2), manniotaraxerol A (3), manniotaraxerol B (4), and betulinic acid (5) were evaluated against HeLa (human cervix adenocarcinoma) cancer cells. Manniotaraxerol A (3) showed weak in vitro cytotoxicity with a cell viability value of 49.3%. Betulinic acid (5) also showed significant cytotoxicity against HeLa cell with a cell viability value of 4.0%; the other compounds were inactive in this test.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mbeunkeu, Ahri B D , Noundou, Xavier S , Krause, Rui W M , Teinkela, Jean E M , Laatsch, Hartmut , Azebaze, Anatole G B , Vardamides, Juliette C , Tala, Michel F
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126782 , vital:35922 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2018.06.019
- Description: Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extracts of the twigs of Manniophyton fulvum has led to the isolation and characterization of three new pentacyclic triterpenoids, designated as 3α,28-dihydroxyfriedelan-1-one (1), manniotaraxerol A (3) and manniotaraxerol B (4), along with fourteen known compounds, 3α-hydroxy-1-oxofriedelane (2), betulinic acid (5), friedelin (S1), taraxerol (S2), a mixture of stigmasterol (S3) and β-sitosterol (S4), herranone (S5), docosanoic acid (S6), ursolic acid (S7), nasutin B (S8), bergenin (S9), stigmasterol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (S10), 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6-sulfo-α-D-quinovopyranosyl)glycerol (S11), and aridanin (S12). The structures of all compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR, EI and ESI-MS). 3α,28-Dihydroxyfriedelan-1-one (1), 3α-hydroxy-1-oxofriedelane (2), manniotaraxerol A (3), manniotaraxerol B (4), and betulinic acid (5) were evaluated against HeLa (human cervix adenocarcinoma) cancer cells. Manniotaraxerol A (3) showed weak in vitro cytotoxicity with a cell viability value of 49.3%. Betulinic acid (5) also showed significant cytotoxicity against HeLa cell with a cell viability value of 4.0%; the other compounds were inactive in this test.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
An assessment of the performance appraisal system utilised for junior and middle level management within the South African National Defence Force
- Authors: Terblanche, Graham Martin
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10884 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/148 , Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Description: The research problem of this study was to assess the extent to which the appraisal system for junior and middle level managers in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) met the requirements and guidelines for performance appraisal as stipulated in the literature. To achieve this objective, the following procedure was followed: · A survey of existing literature, related to performance appraisal, was conducted. The literature study focused on the requirements for an effective performance appraisal system, appraisal methods and appraisal errors. Attention was also focused on who should take responsibility for performance appraisal and the importance of regularly evaluating the performance appraisal system to meet the demands of a changing environment. The second part of the literature study dealt with the guidelines for establishing an effective appraisal system as well as performance management processes and cycles that are critical for the effectiveness of an appraisal system. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which junior and middle level managers in the SANDF agreed with the theoretical guidelines. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of junior and middle level managers who were representative of the South African Army, Airforce and Medical Services. The empirical results indicated that there was concurrence with many of the guidelines in the literature, but that there were areas that could be improved. It became evident that many respondents felt that the current system was not entirely fair and was not adapted to meet the needs of the integrated SANDF. Specifically, results indicated that the system should be re-evaluated to eliminate bias and to enhance the development of clear standards, both on a quantitative and qualitative level. It became clear that training and communication were important to the successful development and utilisation of a performance appraisal system. An effective performance appraisal system that is integrated with the overall performance management system of an organisation will enhance productivity, satisfaction and the attainment of goals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Terblanche, Graham Martin
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10884 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/148 , Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Description: The research problem of this study was to assess the extent to which the appraisal system for junior and middle level managers in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) met the requirements and guidelines for performance appraisal as stipulated in the literature. To achieve this objective, the following procedure was followed: · A survey of existing literature, related to performance appraisal, was conducted. The literature study focused on the requirements for an effective performance appraisal system, appraisal methods and appraisal errors. Attention was also focused on who should take responsibility for performance appraisal and the importance of regularly evaluating the performance appraisal system to meet the demands of a changing environment. The second part of the literature study dealt with the guidelines for establishing an effective appraisal system as well as performance management processes and cycles that are critical for the effectiveness of an appraisal system. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which junior and middle level managers in the SANDF agreed with the theoretical guidelines. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of junior and middle level managers who were representative of the South African Army, Airforce and Medical Services. The empirical results indicated that there was concurrence with many of the guidelines in the literature, but that there were areas that could be improved. It became evident that many respondents felt that the current system was not entirely fair and was not adapted to meet the needs of the integrated SANDF. Specifically, results indicated that the system should be re-evaluated to eliminate bias and to enhance the development of clear standards, both on a quantitative and qualitative level. It became clear that training and communication were important to the successful development and utilisation of a performance appraisal system. An effective performance appraisal system that is integrated with the overall performance management system of an organisation will enhance productivity, satisfaction and the attainment of goals.
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- Date Issued: 2004