A laterally extensive geochemical discontinuity in the subcontinental Gondwana Lithosphere
- Erlank, Anthony J, Duncan, Andrew R, Marsh, Julian S, Sweeney, R J, Hawkesworth, C J, Milner, Simon C, Miller, R McG, Rogers, N W
- Authors: Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R , Marsh, Julian S , Sweeney, R J , Hawkesworth, C J , Milner, Simon C , Miller, R McG , Rogers, N W
- Date: 1988
- Language: English
- Type: text , abstracts
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131678 , vital:36710
- Description: Cox et al. (1967) first delineated the existence of two major geochemical provinces in the Karoo basalts of southern Africa. Tholeiitic basalts in Zimbabwe are highly enriched in incompatible trace elements and constitute the "northern province". In contrast, basalts from Lesotho and from the southern segment of the Lebombo monocline have lower or “normal” abundances of these elements and were regarded as a "southern province'. Recent work has established that this change in composition takes place relatively rapidly in the Central Lebombo.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1988
- Authors: Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R , Marsh, Julian S , Sweeney, R J , Hawkesworth, C J , Milner, Simon C , Miller, R McG , Rogers, N W
- Date: 1988
- Language: English
- Type: text , abstracts
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131678 , vital:36710
- Description: Cox et al. (1967) first delineated the existence of two major geochemical provinces in the Karoo basalts of southern Africa. Tholeiitic basalts in Zimbabwe are highly enriched in incompatible trace elements and constitute the "northern province". In contrast, basalts from Lesotho and from the southern segment of the Lebombo monocline have lower or “normal” abundances of these elements and were regarded as a "southern province'. Recent work has established that this change in composition takes place relatively rapidly in the Central Lebombo.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1988
Distribution and petrogenesis of the basic rocks of the Etendeka Formation of northwestern Namibia
- Marsh, Julian S, Duncan, Andrew R, Milner, Simon C, Erlank, Anthony J
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Milner, Simon C , Erlank, Anthony J
- Date: 1988
- Language: English
- Type: text , abstracts
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131667 , vital:36709
- Description: The igneous rocks which comprise the Etendeka Formation in northwestern Namibia cover an area of 78 000 km² and consist dominantly of interbedded basalts and quartz latites, with minor latites. They are spatially associated with, and intruded by, two suites of dolerites. The rocks of the Etendeka Formation are included in the Karoo Igneous Province but differ from most other Karoo volcanics with respect to their younger age (Cretaceous) and aspects of their mineralogy and geochemistry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1988
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Milner, Simon C , Erlank, Anthony J
- Date: 1988
- Language: English
- Type: text , abstracts
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131667 , vital:36709
- Description: The igneous rocks which comprise the Etendeka Formation in northwestern Namibia cover an area of 78 000 km² and consist dominantly of interbedded basalts and quartz latites, with minor latites. They are spatially associated with, and intruded by, two suites of dolerites. The rocks of the Etendeka Formation are included in the Karoo Igneous Province but differ from most other Karoo volcanics with respect to their younger age (Cretaceous) and aspects of their mineralogy and geochemistry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1988
Evolution of the continental lithosphere: evidence from volcanics and xenoliths in southern Africa
- Hawkesworth, C J, Erlank, Anthony J, Marsh, Julian S, Menzies, M A, Van Calsteren, Peter
- Authors: Hawkesworth, C J , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Menzies, M A , Van Calsteren, Peter
- Date: 1983
- Language: English
- Type: text , conference paper
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/133548 , vital:36989 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=9641566
- Description: The geology of southern Africa offers a rare opportunity to study the evolution of a segment of continental lithosphere because its rocks range in age from 3.6 Ga to recent, and over the last 200 Ma both the upper mantle and the crust have been sampled by Karoo and Tertiary volcanism and as xenoliths in kimberlite pipes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
- Authors: Hawkesworth, C J , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Menzies, M A , Van Calsteren, Peter
- Date: 1983
- Language: English
- Type: text , conference paper
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/133548 , vital:36989 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=9641566
- Description: The geology of southern Africa offers a rare opportunity to study the evolution of a segment of continental lithosphere because its rocks range in age from 3.6 Ga to recent, and over the last 200 Ma both the upper mantle and the crust have been sampled by Karoo and Tertiary volcanism and as xenoliths in kimberlite pipes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Etendeka volcanic rocks from SWA Namibia
- Erlank, Anthony J, Marsh, Julian S, Duncan, Andrew R, Miller, R M, Hawkesworth, C J, Betton, P J, Rex, D C
- Authors: Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Miller, R M , Hawkesworth, C J , Betton, P J , Rex, D C
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/133923 , vital:37041 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6519919
- Description: The volcanic rocks of the Etendeka Formation from north-west SWA/Namibia have a present-day coverage of 70,000 km² and comprise a series of interbedded basalts, latites and quartz latites, together with four varieties of intrusive dolerite. Apart from one group of dolerites (regional dolerites) which have mineralogical and geochemical similarities to the Lesotho Formation lavas from the Central area, the Etendeka volcanics differ from all other Karoo volcanics by virtue of their Cretaceous age, stratigraphy, mineralogy, geochemistry, and range in mineralogical, elemental and isotopic compositions for the basaltic rocks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Miller, R M , Hawkesworth, C J , Betton, P J , Rex, D C
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/133923 , vital:37041 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6519919
- Description: The volcanic rocks of the Etendeka Formation from north-west SWA/Namibia have a present-day coverage of 70,000 km² and comprise a series of interbedded basalts, latites and quartz latites, together with four varieties of intrusive dolerite. Apart from one group of dolerites (regional dolerites) which have mineralogical and geochemical similarities to the Lesotho Formation lavas from the Central area, the Etendeka volcanics differ from all other Karoo volcanics by virtue of their Cretaceous age, stratigraphy, mineralogy, geochemistry, and range in mineralogical, elemental and isotopic compositions for the basaltic rocks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
MORB-related dolerites associated with the final phases of Karoo flood basalt volcanism in southern Africa.
- Duncan, Andrew R, Armstrong, R A, Erlank, Anthony J, Marsh, Julian S, Watkins, R T
- Authors: Duncan, Andrew R , Armstrong, R A , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Watkins, R T
- Date: 1990
- Language: English
- Type: text , conference paper
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143299 , vital:38222 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailampidt=6938249
- Description: The Rooi Rand dyke swarm is approximately 200km long and up to 20km wide. It crops out in the southern portion of the Lebombo monocline where the dykes intrude basalts of the Sabie River Basalt Formation which is the major basaltic unit in the eastern portion of the Karoo volcanic succession. The Horingbaai dolerites form thin dykes and sills which intrude the base of the Etendeka lava pile (considered part of the Karoo Volcanics, but correlated with the Serra Geral Formation of Brazil) along the coast of Namibia. Both the Rooi Rand and Horingbaai magma types are similar in composition to enriched MORB and are compositionally distinct from most of the Karoo-basalts they intrude.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Duncan, Andrew R , Armstrong, R A , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Watkins, R T
- Date: 1990
- Language: English
- Type: text , conference paper
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143299 , vital:38222 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailampidt=6938249
- Description: The Rooi Rand dyke swarm is approximately 200km long and up to 20km wide. It crops out in the southern portion of the Lebombo monocline where the dykes intrude basalts of the Sabie River Basalt Formation which is the major basaltic unit in the eastern portion of the Karoo volcanic succession. The Horingbaai dolerites form thin dykes and sills which intrude the base of the Etendeka lava pile (considered part of the Karoo Volcanics, but correlated with the Serra Geral Formation of Brazil) along the coast of Namibia. Both the Rooi Rand and Horingbaai magma types are similar in composition to enriched MORB and are compositionally distinct from most of the Karoo-basalts they intrude.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1990
Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic volcanics of the Etendeka Formation, Namibia
- Harris, Chris, Smith, H Stuart, Milner, Simon C, Erlank, Anthony J, Duncan, Andrew R, Marsh, Julian S, Ikin, Nicholas P
- Authors: Harris, Chris , Smith, H Stuart , Milner, Simon C , Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R , Marsh, Julian S , Ikin, Nicholas P
- Date: 1989
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143272 , vital:38219 , https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00371087
- Description: The Etendeka Formation volcanics consist of a bimodal association of basalts and quartz latites. Forty three new whole rock oxygen isotope analyses are reported for all the major magma types. All the rocks except a minor suite of dolerites have higher δ18O values than normal mantle. The basic rocks (average of 29=8.8‰) have significantly different δ18O to the acid rocks (average of 10=14.4‰). These data are apparently consistent with previously published petrogenetic models, which propose that the basalts were affected by crustal contamination and that the quartz latites are crustally derived.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1989
- Authors: Harris, Chris , Smith, H Stuart , Milner, Simon C , Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R , Marsh, Julian S , Ikin, Nicholas P
- Date: 1989
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143272 , vital:38219 , https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00371087
- Description: The Etendeka Formation volcanics consist of a bimodal association of basalts and quartz latites. Forty three new whole rock oxygen isotope analyses are reported for all the major magma types. All the rocks except a minor suite of dolerites have higher δ18O values than normal mantle. The basic rocks (average of 29=8.8‰) have significantly different δ18O to the acid rocks (average of 10=14.4‰). These data are apparently consistent with previously published petrogenetic models, which propose that the basalts were affected by crustal contamination and that the quartz latites are crustally derived.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1989
Preliminary geochemical data for dolerite dykes and sills of the southern part of the Etendeka Igneous Province
- Marsh, Julian S, Erlank, Anthony J, Duncan, Andrew R
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R
- Date: 1991
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/132133 , vital:36803
- Description: Over the last 15 years systematic geochemical and petrological investigation of the igneous rocks of the Early Cretaceous - Late Jurassic Etendeka Igneous Province of northwestern Namibia have focused on the tholeiitic basaltic lavas and interbedded silicic volcanic rocks and the large central subvolcanic complexes of Brandberg, Erongo, Okenyenya, Messum, Doros and Cape Cross. Previously these rocks were grouped into the Karoo Volcanic Province of South Africa, but in view of the distinct age difference between the igneous rocks of the Etendeka region and Karoo rocks occurring elsewhere in southern Africa , we propose to regard them as constituting a separate Etendeka Igneous Province which exhibits a close lithological, geochemical and temporal correlation with the Parana Flood Basalt Province of South America.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Erlank, Anthony J , Duncan, Andrew R
- Date: 1991
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/132133 , vital:36803
- Description: Over the last 15 years systematic geochemical and petrological investigation of the igneous rocks of the Early Cretaceous - Late Jurassic Etendeka Igneous Province of northwestern Namibia have focused on the tholeiitic basaltic lavas and interbedded silicic volcanic rocks and the large central subvolcanic complexes of Brandberg, Erongo, Okenyenya, Messum, Doros and Cape Cross. Previously these rocks were grouped into the Karoo Volcanic Province of South Africa, but in view of the distinct age difference between the igneous rocks of the Etendeka region and Karoo rocks occurring elsewhere in southern Africa , we propose to regard them as constituting a separate Etendeka Igneous Province which exhibits a close lithological, geochemical and temporal correlation with the Parana Flood Basalt Province of South America.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1991
Regional geochemistry of the Karoo igneous province
- Duncan, Andrew R, Erlank, Anthony J, Marsh, Julian S
- Authors: Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134154 , vital:37079 , https://inis.iaea.org/search/searchsinglerecord.aspx?recordsFor=SingleRecordamp;RN=15001076
- Description: The extrusive and intrusive rocks of the Karoo Igneous Province are dominantly of basaltic or rhyolitic (sensu lato) composition. There are, however, a considerable variety of other rock types within the province including picritic basalts, nephelinites, shoshonites, latites, andesites and dacites. This paper deals with the geochemistry of the Karoo igneous province.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134154 , vital:37079 , https://inis.iaea.org/search/searchsinglerecord.aspx?recordsFor=SingleRecordamp;RN=15001076
- Description: The extrusive and intrusive rocks of the Karoo Igneous Province are dominantly of basaltic or rhyolitic (sensu lato) composition. There are, however, a considerable variety of other rock types within the province including picritic basalts, nephelinites, shoshonites, latites, andesites and dacites. This paper deals with the geochemistry of the Karoo igneous province.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
Strontium isotope characterization of Karoo volcanic rocks
- Bristow, J W, Allsopp, H L, Erlank, Anthony J, Marsh, Julian S, Armstrong, R A
- Authors: Bristow, J W , Allsopp, H L , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Armstrong, R A
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134176 , vital:37081 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6453595
- Description: Karoo volcanics of both mafic and felsic composition cover large areas of southern Africa, and are characterized by considerable ranges in their initial 87Sr/86Sr (i.e. Ro) ratios. Mafic volcanics from the eastern and western continental margins show the greatest range in Ro ratios, i.e. Lebombo-Nuanetsi area: 0.7035-0.7134 and Etendeka: 0.7030-0.7135 respectively. In the Central Karoo area the mafic rocks show a smaller spread of ratios: 0.7046-0.7094.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Bristow, J W , Allsopp, H L , Erlank, Anthony J , Marsh, Julian S , Armstrong, R A
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134176 , vital:37081 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6453595
- Description: Karoo volcanics of both mafic and felsic composition cover large areas of southern Africa, and are characterized by considerable ranges in their initial 87Sr/86Sr (i.e. Ro) ratios. Mafic volcanics from the eastern and western continental margins show the greatest range in Ro ratios, i.e. Lebombo-Nuanetsi area: 0.7035-0.7134 and Etendeka: 0.7030-0.7135 respectively. In the Central Karoo area the mafic rocks show a smaller spread of ratios: 0.7046-0.7094.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
The petrogenesis of the Kirwan Basalts of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica
- Harris, Chris, Marsh, Julian S, Duncan, Andrew R, Erlank, Anthony J
- Authors: Harris, Chris , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J
- Date: 1990
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145492 , vital:38443 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/31.2.341
- Description: The 420 m thick sequence of Kirwan basalt crops out along the southernmost 50 km of the Kirwanveggen Escarpment (74°S, 6°W). There is little variation in major element chemistry of these basalts (SiO2 49·3–51·6 wt.%; MgO 5·1–6·6 wt.%), but the concentrations of certain incompatible elements (e.g., Zr) vary by factors of approximately two or more.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Harris, Chris , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J
- Date: 1990
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145492 , vital:38443 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/31.2.341
- Description: The 420 m thick sequence of Kirwan basalt crops out along the southernmost 50 km of the Kirwanveggen Escarpment (74°S, 6°W). There is little variation in major element chemistry of these basalts (SiO2 49·3–51·6 wt.%; MgO 5·1–6·6 wt.%), but the concentrations of certain incompatible elements (e.g., Zr) vary by factors of approximately two or more.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
The petrogenesis of the Kirwan Basalts of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica
- Harris, Chris, Marsh, Julian S, Duncan, Andrew R, Erlank, Anthony J
- Authors: Harris, Chris , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J
- Date: 1990
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145472 , vital:38441 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/31.2.341
- Description: The 420 m thick sequence of Kirwan basalt crops out along the southernmost 50 km of the Kirwanveggen Escarpment (74°S, 6°W). There is little variation in major element chemistry of these basalts (SiO2 49·3–51·6 wt.%; MgO 5·1–6·6 wt.%), but the concentrations of certain incompatible elements (e.g., Zr) vary by factors of approximately two or more.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
- Authors: Harris, Chris , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J
- Date: 1990
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145472 , vital:38441 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/31.2.341
- Description: The 420 m thick sequence of Kirwan basalt crops out along the southernmost 50 km of the Kirwanveggen Escarpment (74°S, 6°W). There is little variation in major element chemistry of these basalts (SiO2 49·3–51·6 wt.%; MgO 5·1–6·6 wt.%), but the concentrations of certain incompatible elements (e.g., Zr) vary by factors of approximately two or more.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1990
The role of continental lithosphere in the generation of the Karoo volcanic rocks: evidence from combined Nd-and Sr-isotope studies
- Hawkesworth, C J, Marsh, Julian S, Duncan, Andrew R, Erlank, Anthony J, Norry, M J
- Authors: Hawkesworth, C J , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J , Norry, M J
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134165 , vital:37080 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6453596
- Description: 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, Sm and Nd analyses are reported on suites of Karoo volcanic rocks from the four sub-areas of Nuanetsi-north Lebombo, south Lebombo, the Central area, and north-west SWA/Namibia. Only seven (12%) of the samples analysed have positive ENd values similar to those found in the majority of recent mantle-derived rocks. Most of the rest have negative ENd (-1.0 to -17.1) and positive ESr, (+3.0 to +240) and thus must contain at least a contribution from source areas which were both old, and had lower Sm/Nd and higher Rh/Sr ratios than the bulk earth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Hawkesworth, C J , Marsh, Julian S , Duncan, Andrew R , Erlank, Anthony J , Norry, M J
- Date: 1984
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134165 , vital:37080 , https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetailamp;idt=6453596
- Description: 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, Sm and Nd analyses are reported on suites of Karoo volcanic rocks from the four sub-areas of Nuanetsi-north Lebombo, south Lebombo, the Central area, and north-west SWA/Namibia. Only seven (12%) of the samples analysed have positive ENd values similar to those found in the majority of recent mantle-derived rocks. Most of the rest have negative ENd (-1.0 to -17.1) and positive ESr, (+3.0 to +240) and thus must contain at least a contribution from source areas which were both old, and had lower Sm/Nd and higher Rh/Sr ratios than the bulk earth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
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