Insufficient iodine nutrition status and the risk of pre-eclampsia: a systemic review and meta-analysis
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Anthony Usenbo, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, AP Kengne
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Anthony Usenbo , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , AP Kengne
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3876 , vital:43961
- Full Text:
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Anthony Usenbo , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , AP Kengne
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3876 , vital:43961
- Full Text:
Mildly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone is associated with endothelial dysfunction and severe preeclampsia among pregnant women with insufficient iodine intake in Eastern Cape province, South Africa
- Businge, Charles Bitamazire, Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin, Kengne, Andre Pascal
- Authors: Businge, Charles Bitamazire , Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin , Kengne, Andre Pascal
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Preeclampsia Iodine deficiency diseases Endothelial cells Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6908 , vital:52565 , xlink:href="https://10.1080/07853890.2021.1947520"
- Description: Background Preeclampsia and hypothyroidism are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Iodine deficiency is a risk factor for subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy. However, there is a paucity of data on the relationship between iodine nutrition state in pregnancy, the degree of endothelial dysfunction, and the risk of preeclampsia. Methods Ninety-five normotensive pregnant women, 50 women with preeclampsia with no severe features, and 50 women with severe preeclampsia were enrolled into the current study from the maternity units of Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and Mthatha Regional Hospitals in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum markers of thyroid function, aortic augmentation index, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were compared. Results Median UIC was 167.5, 127.7, and 88.5 µg/L, respectively for normotensive pregnant women, those with preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia (p = .150). Participants with severe preeclampsia had significantly higher median thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and oxidized LDL than normotensive and preeclamptic women without severe features (respectively 3.0, 2.3, and 2.3 IU/L; 1.2, 1.0, and 1.0 IU/L, p less .05). The median Aortic augmentation index was 7.5, 19.0, and 21.0 (p less .001), and the pulse wave velocity 5.1, 5.7, and 6.3, respectively for normotensive, preeclampsia, and severe preeclampsia participants (both p less .001). In linear regressions, TSH, age, and hypertensive disease were independent predictors of elevated PWV. Conclusion Upper normal-range TSH levels in women with severe preeclampsia were associated with markers of endothelial dysfunction. The low UIC and trend towards the elevation of thyroglobulin suggest that inadequate iodine intake may have increased TSH levels and indirectly caused endothelial dysfunction. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Iodine deficiency, Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone, Pulse wave velocity, Endothelial dysfunction
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Businge, Charles Bitamazire , Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin , Kengne, Andre Pascal
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Preeclampsia Iodine deficiency diseases Endothelial cells Article
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/6908 , vital:52565 , xlink:href="https://10.1080/07853890.2021.1947520"
- Description: Background Preeclampsia and hypothyroidism are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Iodine deficiency is a risk factor for subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy. However, there is a paucity of data on the relationship between iodine nutrition state in pregnancy, the degree of endothelial dysfunction, and the risk of preeclampsia. Methods Ninety-five normotensive pregnant women, 50 women with preeclampsia with no severe features, and 50 women with severe preeclampsia were enrolled into the current study from the maternity units of Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and Mthatha Regional Hospitals in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum markers of thyroid function, aortic augmentation index, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were compared. Results Median UIC was 167.5, 127.7, and 88.5 µg/L, respectively for normotensive pregnant women, those with preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia (p = .150). Participants with severe preeclampsia had significantly higher median thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and oxidized LDL than normotensive and preeclamptic women without severe features (respectively 3.0, 2.3, and 2.3 IU/L; 1.2, 1.0, and 1.0 IU/L, p less .05). The median Aortic augmentation index was 7.5, 19.0, and 21.0 (p less .001), and the pulse wave velocity 5.1, 5.7, and 6.3, respectively for normotensive, preeclampsia, and severe preeclampsia participants (both p less .001). In linear regressions, TSH, age, and hypertensive disease were independent predictors of elevated PWV. Conclusion Upper normal-range TSH levels in women with severe preeclampsia were associated with markers of endothelial dysfunction. The low UIC and trend towards the elevation of thyroglobulin suggest that inadequate iodine intake may have increased TSH levels and indirectly caused endothelial dysfunction. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Iodine deficiency, Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone, Pulse wave velocity, Endothelial dysfunction
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Iodine nutrition status in Africa: Potentially high prevalence of iodine deficiency in pregnancy even in countries classified as iodine sufficient
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, Andre Pascal Kengne
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 03-8-2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3377 , vital:43336 , https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/iodine-nutrition-status-in-africa-potentially-high-prevalence-of-iodine-deficiency-in-pregnancy-even-in-countries-classified-as-iodine-sufficient/B3DCB06E75CDDD8EAD410BE090198BA4
- Description: Objective: To assess the burden of iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Africa using estimated pregnancy median urinary iodine concentration (pMUIC). Design: pMUIC for each African country was estimated using a regression equation derived by correlating the school-age children (SAC) median UIC (mUIC) and pMUIC from countries around the globe, and the SAC mUIC data for African countries obtained from the Iodine Global Network (IGN) 2017 and 2019 Score cards. Setting: Iodine deficiency was endemic in many African countries before the introduction of iodine fortification, mainly through universal salt iodisation programmes about 25 years ago. There is a scarcity of data on the level of iodine nutrition in pregnancy in Africa. Women living in settings with pMUIC below 150 μg/l are at risk of iodine deficiency-related pregnancy complications. Participants: Fifty of the fifty-five African countries that had data on iodine nutrition status. Results: A cut-off school age mUIC ≤ 175 μg/l is correlated with insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy (pregnancy mUIC ≤ 150 μg/l). Twenty-two African countries had SAC mUIC less than 175 μg/l, which correlated with insufficient iodine intake during pregnancy (pMUIC less than 150 μg/l). However, nine of these twenty-two countries had adequate iodine intake based on SAC mUIC. Conclusions: There is likely a high prevalence of insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy, including in some African countries classified as having adequate iodine intake in the general population. A SAC mUIC ≤ 175 μ
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 03-8-2020
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 03-8-2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3377 , vital:43336 , https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/iodine-nutrition-status-in-africa-potentially-high-prevalence-of-iodine-deficiency-in-pregnancy-even-in-countries-classified-as-iodine-sufficient/B3DCB06E75CDDD8EAD410BE090198BA4
- Description: Objective: To assess the burden of iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Africa using estimated pregnancy median urinary iodine concentration (pMUIC). Design: pMUIC for each African country was estimated using a regression equation derived by correlating the school-age children (SAC) median UIC (mUIC) and pMUIC from countries around the globe, and the SAC mUIC data for African countries obtained from the Iodine Global Network (IGN) 2017 and 2019 Score cards. Setting: Iodine deficiency was endemic in many African countries before the introduction of iodine fortification, mainly through universal salt iodisation programmes about 25 years ago. There is a scarcity of data on the level of iodine nutrition in pregnancy in Africa. Women living in settings with pMUIC below 150 μg/l are at risk of iodine deficiency-related pregnancy complications. Participants: Fifty of the fifty-five African countries that had data on iodine nutrition status. Results: A cut-off school age mUIC ≤ 175 μg/l is correlated with insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy (pregnancy mUIC ≤ 150 μg/l). Twenty-two African countries had SAC mUIC less than 175 μg/l, which correlated with insufficient iodine intake during pregnancy (pMUIC less than 150 μg/l). However, nine of these twenty-two countries had adequate iodine intake based on SAC mUIC. Conclusions: There is likely a high prevalence of insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy, including in some African countries classified as having adequate iodine intake in the general population. A SAC mUIC ≤ 175 μ
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 03-8-2020
Insufficient iodine nutrition status and the risk of pre-eclampsia: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5729 , vital:44637
- Full Text:
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: Journal
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5729 , vital:44637
- Full Text:
Insufficient iodine nutrition status and the risk of pre-eclampsia: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Namhla Madini, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, A P Kengne
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Namhla Madini , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , A P Kengne
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4602 , vital:44141
- Full Text:
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Namhla Madini , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , A P Kengne
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4602 , vital:44141
- Full Text:
The prevalence of insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Businge, Charles Bitamazire, Longo-Mbenza , Benjamin, Kengne, Andre Pascal
- Authors: Businge, Charles Bitamazire , Longo-Mbenza , Benjamin , Kengne, Andre Pascal
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Africa , Iodine , Pregnancy
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5882 , vital:44662 , https://DOI:10.1186/s13643-019-1092-7
- Description: Background: Insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes. About 90% of African countries are at risk of iodine deficiency due to poor soils and dietary goitrogens. Pregnancy predisposes to insufficient iodine nutrition secondary to increased physiological demand and increased renal loss. Iodine deficiency is re-emerging in countries thought to be replete with pregnant women being the most affected. This review seeks to identify the degree of iodine nutrition in pregnancy on the entire African continent before and after the implementation of national iodization programmes. Methods: A systematic search of published literature will be conducted for observational studies that directly determined the prevalence of insufficient iodine intake among pregnant women in Africa. Electronic databases and grey literature will be searched for baseline data before the implementation of population-based iodine supplementation and for follow-up data up to December 2018. Screening of identified articles and data extraction will be conducted independently by two investigators. Risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed using a risk of bias tool. Appropriate meta-analytic techniques will be used to pool prevalence estimates from studies with similar features, overall and by major characteristics including the region of the study, time period (before and after implementation of iodization programmes), sample size and age. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be quantified and publication bias investigated. This protocol is reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 guidelines. Discussion: This review will help ascertain the impact of national iodization programmes on the iodine nutrition status in pregnancy in Africa and advise policy on the necessity for monitoring and mitigating iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Africa. This review is part of a thesis that will be submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, for the award of a PhD in Medicine whose protocol has been granted ethics approval (UCT HREC 135/2018). In addition, the results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42018099434 Keywords: Iodine, Insufficiency, Pregnancy, Africa
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Businge, Charles Bitamazire , Longo-Mbenza , Benjamin , Kengne, Andre Pascal
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Africa , Iodine , Pregnancy
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/5882 , vital:44662 , https://DOI:10.1186/s13643-019-1092-7
- Description: Background: Insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes. About 90% of African countries are at risk of iodine deficiency due to poor soils and dietary goitrogens. Pregnancy predisposes to insufficient iodine nutrition secondary to increased physiological demand and increased renal loss. Iodine deficiency is re-emerging in countries thought to be replete with pregnant women being the most affected. This review seeks to identify the degree of iodine nutrition in pregnancy on the entire African continent before and after the implementation of national iodization programmes. Methods: A systematic search of published literature will be conducted for observational studies that directly determined the prevalence of insufficient iodine intake among pregnant women in Africa. Electronic databases and grey literature will be searched for baseline data before the implementation of population-based iodine supplementation and for follow-up data up to December 2018. Screening of identified articles and data extraction will be conducted independently by two investigators. Risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed using a risk of bias tool. Appropriate meta-analytic techniques will be used to pool prevalence estimates from studies with similar features, overall and by major characteristics including the region of the study, time period (before and after implementation of iodization programmes), sample size and age. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be quantified and publication bias investigated. This protocol is reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 guidelines. Discussion: This review will help ascertain the impact of national iodization programmes on the iodine nutrition status in pregnancy in Africa and advise policy on the necessity for monitoring and mitigating iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Africa. This review is part of a thesis that will be submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, for the award of a PhD in Medicine whose protocol has been granted ethics approval (UCT HREC 135/2018). In addition, the results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42018099434 Keywords: Iodine, Insufficiency, Pregnancy, Africa
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The prevalence of insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, Andre Pascal Kengne
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article , pdf
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4379 , vital:44112
- Full Text:
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article , pdf
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4379 , vital:44112
- Full Text:
The prevalence of insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, Andre Pascal Kengne
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article , pdf
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4386 , vital:44111
- Full Text:
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article , pdf
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4386 , vital:44111
- Full Text:
The prevalence of insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy in Africa: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, Andre Pascal Kengne
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 22-8-2019
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3387 , vital:43338 , https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-019-1092-7#citeas
- Description: Background: Insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes. About 90% of African countries are at risk of iodine deficiency due to poor soils and dietary goitrogens. Pregnancy predisposes to insufficient iodine nutrition secondary to increased physiological demand and increased renal loss. Iodine deficiency is re-emerging in countries thought to be replete with pregnant women being the most affected. This review seeks to identify the degree of iodine nutrition in pregnancy on the entire African continent before and after the implementation of national iodization programmes. Methods: A systematic search of published literature will be conducted for observational studies that directly determined the prevalence of insufficient iodine intake among pregnant women in Africa. Electronic databases and grey literature will be searched for baseline data before the implementation of population-based iodine supplementation and for follow-up data up to December 2018. Screening of identified articles and data extraction will be conducted independently by two investigators. Risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed using a risk of bias tool. Appropriate meta-analytic techniques will be used to pool prevalence estimates from studies with similar features, overall and by major characteristics including the region of the study, time period (before and after implementation of iodization programmes), sample size and age. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be quantified and publication bias investigated. This protocol is reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 guidelines. Discussion This review will help ascertain the impact of national iodization programmes on the iodine nutrition status in pregnancy in Africa and advise policy on the necessity for monitoring and mitigating iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Africa. This review is part of a thesis that will be submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, for the award of a PhD in Medicine whose protocol has been granted ethics approval (UCT HREC 135/2018). In addition, the results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 22-8-2019
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Andre Pascal Kengne
- Date: 22-8-2019
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/3387 , vital:43338 , https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-019-1092-7#citeas
- Description: Background: Insufficient iodine intake in pregnancy is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes. About 90% of African countries are at risk of iodine deficiency due to poor soils and dietary goitrogens. Pregnancy predisposes to insufficient iodine nutrition secondary to increased physiological demand and increased renal loss. Iodine deficiency is re-emerging in countries thought to be replete with pregnant women being the most affected. This review seeks to identify the degree of iodine nutrition in pregnancy on the entire African continent before and after the implementation of national iodization programmes. Methods: A systematic search of published literature will be conducted for observational studies that directly determined the prevalence of insufficient iodine intake among pregnant women in Africa. Electronic databases and grey literature will be searched for baseline data before the implementation of population-based iodine supplementation and for follow-up data up to December 2018. Screening of identified articles and data extraction will be conducted independently by two investigators. Risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed using a risk of bias tool. Appropriate meta-analytic techniques will be used to pool prevalence estimates from studies with similar features, overall and by major characteristics including the region of the study, time period (before and after implementation of iodization programmes), sample size and age. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be quantified and publication bias investigated. This protocol is reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 guidelines. Discussion This review will help ascertain the impact of national iodization programmes on the iodine nutrition status in pregnancy in Africa and advise policy on the necessity for monitoring and mitigating iodine deficiency in pregnancy in Africa. This review is part of a thesis that will be submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, for the award of a PhD in Medicine whose protocol has been granted ethics approval (UCT HREC 135/2018). In addition, the results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 22-8-2019
Diagnostic performance of several biomarkers for identification of cases of non-communicable diseases among Central Africans
- Charles Bitamazire Businge, Benjamin Longo-Mbenza, Oladele Vincent Adeniyi, Moise Mvitu Muaka, Georges Mvumbi Lelo, Mireille Solange Nganga Nkanga, Jean-Marie Kavembe, Baudoin Buassa-bu-Tsumbu, Jean-Rene’ M’buyamba Kabangu, Daniel Ter Goon
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Oladele Vincent Adeniyi , Moise Mvitu Muaka , Georges Mvumbi Lelo , Mireille Solange Nganga Nkanga , Jean-Marie Kavembe , Baudoin Buassa-bu-Tsumbu , Jean-Rene’ M’buyamba Kabangu , Daniel Ter Goon
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4845 , vital:44292
- Full Text:
- Authors: Charles Bitamazire Businge , Benjamin Longo-Mbenza , Oladele Vincent Adeniyi , Moise Mvitu Muaka , Georges Mvumbi Lelo , Mireille Solange Nganga Nkanga , Jean-Marie Kavembe , Baudoin Buassa-bu-Tsumbu , Jean-Rene’ M’buyamba Kabangu , Daniel Ter Goon
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: Journal Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4845 , vital:44292
- Full Text:
Acceptability of self- collection for human papillomavirus detection in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Ongeziwe Taku, Tracy L. Meiring, Inger Gustavsson, Keletso Phohlo, Mirta Garcia- Jardon
- Authors: Ongeziwe Taku , Tracy L. Meiring , Inger Gustavsson , Keletso Phohlo , Mirta Garcia- Jardon
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4096 , vital:44023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ongeziwe Taku , Tracy L. Meiring , Inger Gustavsson , Keletso Phohlo , Mirta Garcia- Jardon
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4096 , vital:44023
- Full Text:
Detection of sexually transmitted pathogens and co-infection with human papillomavirus in women residing in rural Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Taku, Ongeziwe, Brink, Adrian, Meiring, Tracy L, Phohlo, Keletso, Businge, Charles B, Mbulawa, Zizipho Z A, Williamson, Anna-Lise
- Authors: Taku, Ongeziwe , Brink, Adrian , Meiring, Tracy L , Phohlo, Keletso , Businge, Charles B , Mbulawa, Zizipho Z A , Williamson, Anna-Lise
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4064 , vital:44019
- Full Text:
- Authors: Taku, Ongeziwe , Brink, Adrian , Meiring, Tracy L , Phohlo, Keletso , Businge, Charles B , Mbulawa, Zizipho Z A , Williamson, Anna-Lise
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4064 , vital:44019
- Full Text:
Decentralisation and development: the contradictions of local government in Uganda with specific reference to Masindi and Sembabule districts
- Authors: Galiwango, Wasswa Hassan
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Decentralization in government -- Uganda , Local government -- Uganda , Uganda -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:8238 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/780 , Decentralization in government -- Uganda , Local government -- Uganda , Uganda -- Politics and government
- Description: Decentralisation is the process through which Central Government transfers authority and functions to sub-national units of the Government and it traces its origin in Uganda from the “ bush” period (1981 – 1986) when Resistance Committees were established by the NRM/A in the Luwero triangle. The Mamdani Commission Report of 1987 on the Local Government system in Uganda recommended devolution of powers. Subsequently, decentralisation was launched in 1992, constitutionalised by the 1995 Constitution, and operationalised by the Local Governments Act (LGA) in 1997. Among the services devolved were education and health, which this study used as case studies to illustrate whether decentralisation has enhanced development in Uganda during the period 1993 – 2006. The study used both primary and secondary data in analysing the linkage between decentralisation and development in the two selected districts in Uganda, namely Masindi and Sembabule. Primary data was collected through interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussions while secondary data was gathered through a literature survey of relevant textbooks, newspapers, reports, legislation and journals. The findings of the study established that if decentralisation is properly planned and implemented it can make a meaningful contribution to enhancing development. However, since decentralisation is a process and not a once-off project, it evolves from one stage to another and, as it does so, it also unfolds new challenges and contradictions that need to be effectively addressed. These challenges include aspects relating to the legal framework, as well as political, fiscal and administrative decentralisation. The study recommended mitigation measures to enhance the efficiency, effectiveness, accountability, transparency, and subsequently the quality of services delivered (development) under decentralised local governance in Uganda.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Galiwango, Wasswa Hassan
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Decentralization in government -- Uganda , Local government -- Uganda , Uganda -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: vital:8238 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/780 , Decentralization in government -- Uganda , Local government -- Uganda , Uganda -- Politics and government
- Description: Decentralisation is the process through which Central Government transfers authority and functions to sub-national units of the Government and it traces its origin in Uganda from the “ bush” period (1981 – 1986) when Resistance Committees were established by the NRM/A in the Luwero triangle. The Mamdani Commission Report of 1987 on the Local Government system in Uganda recommended devolution of powers. Subsequently, decentralisation was launched in 1992, constitutionalised by the 1995 Constitution, and operationalised by the Local Governments Act (LGA) in 1997. Among the services devolved were education and health, which this study used as case studies to illustrate whether decentralisation has enhanced development in Uganda during the period 1993 – 2006. The study used both primary and secondary data in analysing the linkage between decentralisation and development in the two selected districts in Uganda, namely Masindi and Sembabule. Primary data was collected through interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussions while secondary data was gathered through a literature survey of relevant textbooks, newspapers, reports, legislation and journals. The findings of the study established that if decentralisation is properly planned and implemented it can make a meaningful contribution to enhancing development. However, since decentralisation is a process and not a once-off project, it evolves from one stage to another and, as it does so, it also unfolds new challenges and contradictions that need to be effectively addressed. These challenges include aspects relating to the legal framework, as well as political, fiscal and administrative decentralisation. The study recommended mitigation measures to enhance the efficiency, effectiveness, accountability, transparency, and subsequently the quality of services delivered (development) under decentralised local governance in Uganda.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
s12872-021-02130-2.pdf
- Authors: Adelin Kantore
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7674 , vital:54760
- Full Text:
- Authors: Adelin Kantore
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/7674 , vital:54760
- Full Text:
Exploring experiences of student nurses regarding the implementation of community-based education at the nursing college in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Sefatsa, Thenjiwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Community education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nurses -- Education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Nursing Science
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10657 , vital:35653
- Description: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of student nurses regarding the implementation of CBE and allow them to tell their story of how CBE impacted to their academic experience. Purposive non-probability sampling was the method of choice. The following research question guided this study: What are the experiences of nursing students at the nursing college on the implementation of CBE as a teaching-learning strategy? The participants in this study were the fourth year students registered in the four year diploma and have been exposed to CBE, according to regulation 425 of the Nursing Act, 2005(Act No.33 of 2005). Fifty (50) students voluntarily participated in the focus groups discussions. Data analysis was done concurrently with data collection. Data was analysed manually as it was categorised into themes, categories, and subcatagories. For this study, a category system/ template was developed to code the data according to the categories, therefore related concepts were grouped together to facilitate the coding process. The final analysis led to the development of a report presenting the interpretation and presentation of results. RESULTS The study results revealed that students had benefited from CBE as a teaching learning strategy. Furthermore, participants reported that CBE had an impact in their training in terms of acquisition of skills, personal and professional growth and correlation of theory to practice. Discussions of findings, along with recommendations for practice conclude the study. Suggestions might be made to improve ways in the implementation of CBE in the nursing college
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Sefatsa, Thenjiwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Community education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Nurses -- Education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Nursing Science
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10657 , vital:35653
- Description: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of student nurses regarding the implementation of CBE and allow them to tell their story of how CBE impacted to their academic experience. Purposive non-probability sampling was the method of choice. The following research question guided this study: What are the experiences of nursing students at the nursing college on the implementation of CBE as a teaching-learning strategy? The participants in this study were the fourth year students registered in the four year diploma and have been exposed to CBE, according to regulation 425 of the Nursing Act, 2005(Act No.33 of 2005). Fifty (50) students voluntarily participated in the focus groups discussions. Data analysis was done concurrently with data collection. Data was analysed manually as it was categorised into themes, categories, and subcatagories. For this study, a category system/ template was developed to code the data according to the categories, therefore related concepts were grouped together to facilitate the coding process. The final analysis led to the development of a report presenting the interpretation and presentation of results. RESULTS The study results revealed that students had benefited from CBE as a teaching learning strategy. Furthermore, participants reported that CBE had an impact in their training in terms of acquisition of skills, personal and professional growth and correlation of theory to practice. Discussions of findings, along with recommendations for practice conclude the study. Suggestions might be made to improve ways in the implementation of CBE in the nursing college
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Socio-demographic associations of HIV among women attending antenatal care in selected rural primary care facilities in South Africa’s Eastern Cape province
- Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda, Khuthala Sigovana, Wezile Chitha, Teke Apalata, Sibusiso Nomatshila
- Authors: Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda , Khuthala Sigovana , Wezile Chitha , Teke Apalata , Sibusiso Nomatshila
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4112 , vital:44025
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda , Khuthala Sigovana , Wezile Chitha , Teke Apalata , Sibusiso Nomatshila
- Date: 2021
- Language: English
- Type: Journal article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/4112 , vital:44025
- Full Text:
Are CardioVascular Diseases a Cause For Concern in People of African Ancestry?
- Nkeh-Chungag, Benedicta Ngwenchi
- Authors: Nkeh-Chungag, Benedicta Ngwenchi
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Inaugural Lecture , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/8030 , vital:59356
- Description: Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag’s BIO Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag is a Full Professor of Physiology and Dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is an NRF rated researcher, a scholar of the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD), a Fellow of the International Hypertension Society, Deputy President and co-founder of the newly established Childhood Hypertension Consortium of South Africa, Deputy Chairperson of the South African National Committee for International Union for Physiological Sciences (ICSU-IUPS), Chairperson of the Cardiometabolic Research Niche Area – WSU and Chairperson of the Animal Research Ethic Committee. She oversees the Carrier Orientation and International Mentoring Program run by Harness Ideas Association (HIDAS).Professor Nkeh-Chungag has published extensively in the of cardiovascular research covering epidemiology and African medicinal plants. She has served as an Associate Editor for the journal Frontiers in Public Health and is on the editorial board of two journals, Bioinformatics and Clinical Interventions in Aging. She is a member of several knowledge bodies including the International Hypertension Society.As an accomplished and passionate scholar, Professor Nkeh-Chungag enjoys both national and international recognition in her field of research. Her focus on the risk for cardiovascular diseases in children of African ancestry has attracted interest and funding from both national and international organizations. Her research findings have been showcased at many scientific fora including as keynote addresses. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is married to Dr Anye Chungag and they are blessed with four boys. , Inaugural Lecture (Prefessorial) -- Faculty of Natural Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-00
- Authors: Nkeh-Chungag, Benedicta Ngwenchi
- Date: 2022-00
- Subjects: Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Inaugural Lecture , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/8030 , vital:59356
- Description: Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag’s BIO Professor Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag is a Full Professor of Physiology and Dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is an NRF rated researcher, a scholar of the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD), a Fellow of the International Hypertension Society, Deputy President and co-founder of the newly established Childhood Hypertension Consortium of South Africa, Deputy Chairperson of the South African National Committee for International Union for Physiological Sciences (ICSU-IUPS), Chairperson of the Cardiometabolic Research Niche Area – WSU and Chairperson of the Animal Research Ethic Committee. She oversees the Carrier Orientation and International Mentoring Program run by Harness Ideas Association (HIDAS).Professor Nkeh-Chungag has published extensively in the of cardiovascular research covering epidemiology and African medicinal plants. She has served as an Associate Editor for the journal Frontiers in Public Health and is on the editorial board of two journals, Bioinformatics and Clinical Interventions in Aging. She is a member of several knowledge bodies including the International Hypertension Society.As an accomplished and passionate scholar, Professor Nkeh-Chungag enjoys both national and international recognition in her field of research. Her focus on the risk for cardiovascular diseases in children of African ancestry has attracted interest and funding from both national and international organizations. Her research findings have been showcased at many scientific fora including as keynote addresses. Professor Nkeh-Chungag is married to Dr Anye Chungag and they are blessed with four boys. , Inaugural Lecture (Prefessorial) -- Faculty of Natural Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-00
Investigation of risky sexual behaviour amongst HIV/AIDS positive individuals on antiretroviral treatment in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Pere, Mzukisi Ernest
- Date: 2022-07
- Subjects: Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth Sexual behaviour
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23578 , vital:58190
- Description: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the major public health concerns. Antiretroviral treatments (ART) is available immediately for HIV-positive individuals but sexually transmitted infections are on the rise. The majority of HIV positive patients on ART are engaging in unsafe sexual practices. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate risky sexual behaviour of people on antiretroviral treatment regarding prevention. The study was conducted on adult clients in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. Methods: A quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted whereby 304 patients who visited Nontyatyambo Health Centre were randomly selected. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24. Simple descriptive statistics such as numbers, percentages and tables were used to characterise variables. A chi-square test was used to explore associations between dependent and independent variables. Test significance, confidence intervals and p-values of all the causes and contributory factors were set at 0.05. Results: Thirty two percent reported having sex with multiple sexual partners while 19percent reported never using a condom. Forty eight percent reported having had sexually transmitted infections since starting on ART. The median age (36 years (IQR: 31, 45) vs. 35 years (IQR: 26, 40)) of those who reported STIs was higher than the median age of those who did not report STI (p=0.012). Males (57percent, p=0.049), those who were employed (55percent, p=0.048), and those who were cohabitating (68percent, 0.030) were more likely to report STI. Similarly, those who had unprotected sex with a casual partner (62percent, p<0.001), and those who did not use a condom because a partner did not like it (71percent, p=0.001) were more likely to report STIs. A significant number of 32percent of the participants reported engaging in risky sexual practices while 48percent had reported an STI. Recommendations include educational outreach programmes and capacitation of health care workers with appropriate skills and tools. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-07
- Authors: Pere, Mzukisi Ernest
- Date: 2022-07
- Subjects: Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth Sexual behaviour
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23578 , vital:58190
- Description: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the major public health concerns. Antiretroviral treatments (ART) is available immediately for HIV-positive individuals but sexually transmitted infections are on the rise. The majority of HIV positive patients on ART are engaging in unsafe sexual practices. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate risky sexual behaviour of people on antiretroviral treatment regarding prevention. The study was conducted on adult clients in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. Methods: A quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted whereby 304 patients who visited Nontyatyambo Health Centre were randomly selected. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24. Simple descriptive statistics such as numbers, percentages and tables were used to characterise variables. A chi-square test was used to explore associations between dependent and independent variables. Test significance, confidence intervals and p-values of all the causes and contributory factors were set at 0.05. Results: Thirty two percent reported having sex with multiple sexual partners while 19percent reported never using a condom. Forty eight percent reported having had sexually transmitted infections since starting on ART. The median age (36 years (IQR: 31, 45) vs. 35 years (IQR: 26, 40)) of those who reported STIs was higher than the median age of those who did not report STI (p=0.012). Males (57percent, p=0.049), those who were employed (55percent, p=0.048), and those who were cohabitating (68percent, 0.030) were more likely to report STI. Similarly, those who had unprotected sex with a casual partner (62percent, p<0.001), and those who did not use a condom because a partner did not like it (71percent, p=0.001) were more likely to report STIs. A significant number of 32percent of the participants reported engaging in risky sexual practices while 48percent had reported an STI. Recommendations include educational outreach programmes and capacitation of health care workers with appropriate skills and tools. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-07
Investigation of risky sexual behaviour amongst HIV/AIDS positive individuals on antiretroviral treatment in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Pere, Mzukisi Ernest
- Date: 2022-07
- Subjects: HIV-positive persons , Sexually transmitted diseases , AIDS (Disease) -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27198 , vital:66395
- Description: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the major public health concerns. Antiretroviral treatments (ART) is available immediately for HIV-positive individuals but sexually transmitted infections are on the rise. The majority of HIV positive patients on ART are engaging in unsafe sexual practices. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate risky sexual behaviour of people on antiretroviral treatment regarding prevention. The study was conducted on adult clients in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. Methods: A quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted whereby 304 patients who visited Nontyatyambo Health Centre were randomly selected. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24. Simple descriptive statistics such as numbers, percentages and tables were used to characterise variables. A chi-square test was used to explore associations between dependent and independent variables. Test significance, confidence intervals and p-values of all the causes and contributory factors were set at 0.05. Results: Thirty two percent reported having sex with multiple sexual partners while 19percent reported never using a condom. Forty eight percent reported having had sexually transmitted infections since starting on ART. The median age (36 years (IQR: 31, 45) vs. 35 years (IQR: 26, 40)) of those who reported STIs was higher than the median age of those who did not report STI (p=0.012). Males (57percent, p=0.049), those who were employed (55percent, p=0.048), and those who were cohabitating (68percent, 0.030) were more likely to report STI. Similarly, those who had unprotected sex with a casual partner (62percent, p<0.001), and those who did not use a condom because a partner did not like it (71percent, p=0.001) were more likely to report STIs. A significant number of 32percent of the participants reported engaging in risky sexual practices while 48percent had reported an STI. Recommendations include educational outreach programmes and capacitation of health care workers with appropriate skills and tools. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-07
- Authors: Pere, Mzukisi Ernest
- Date: 2022-07
- Subjects: HIV-positive persons , Sexually transmitted diseases , AIDS (Disease) -- Prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27198 , vital:66395
- Description: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the major public health concerns. Antiretroviral treatments (ART) is available immediately for HIV-positive individuals but sexually transmitted infections are on the rise. The majority of HIV positive patients on ART are engaging in unsafe sexual practices. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate risky sexual behaviour of people on antiretroviral treatment regarding prevention. The study was conducted on adult clients in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. Methods: A quantitative and descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted whereby 304 patients who visited Nontyatyambo Health Centre were randomly selected. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24. Simple descriptive statistics such as numbers, percentages and tables were used to characterise variables. A chi-square test was used to explore associations between dependent and independent variables. Test significance, confidence intervals and p-values of all the causes and contributory factors were set at 0.05. Results: Thirty two percent reported having sex with multiple sexual partners while 19percent reported never using a condom. Forty eight percent reported having had sexually transmitted infections since starting on ART. The median age (36 years (IQR: 31, 45) vs. 35 years (IQR: 26, 40)) of those who reported STIs was higher than the median age of those who did not report STI (p=0.012). Males (57percent, p=0.049), those who were employed (55percent, p=0.048), and those who were cohabitating (68percent, 0.030) were more likely to report STI. Similarly, those who had unprotected sex with a casual partner (62percent, p<0.001), and those who did not use a condom because a partner did not like it (71percent, p=0.001) were more likely to report STIs. A significant number of 32percent of the participants reported engaging in risky sexual practices while 48percent had reported an STI. Recommendations include educational outreach programmes and capacitation of health care workers with appropriate skills and tools. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-07
A performance management model for universities in Uganda
- Authors: Karuhanga, Bernadette Nambi
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Performance -- Management , Performance standards -- Uganda , Universities and colleges -- Uganda
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6717 , vital:21138
- Description: As far as could be established, no empirical study had been conducted with the aim of designing a performance management model for systematically managing institutional performance at public universities in Uganda. The purpose of this study therefore, was to develop an institutional performance management model for universities in Uganda. This was achieved by establishing: the extent to which public universities in Uganda implemented institutional performance management, the challenges impacting institutional performance management implementation in universities in Uganda, how public universities could ensure effective institutional performance management implementation, the various measures of institutional performance that are applicable to universities in Uganda and the key components of the institutional performance management model that could be adopted by universities in Uganda in managing institutional performance. A mixed methods approach was adopted, applying both the qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Phenomenology and cross sectional survey strategies were adopted. Interviews were conducted with purposively selected top administrators of a selected public university and the results informed the survey questionnaire. This instrument was later administered to academic staff in four public universities using a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The findings revealed that strategic planning in public universities in Uganda does exist and it is aimed at achieving quality. Despite the existence of strategic planning, academic staff are uncertain about a number of issues related to strategic planning. Respondents generally disagreed that: performance management training is continuously provided to managers and staff, they have an effective performance management system and a formal process exists for units to provide feedback on the attainment of goals. Among the challenges impacting performance management implementation in universities in Uganda was: (i) Lack of a formal performance management environment; (ii) Limited employee engagement/communication problems; (iii) Institutional systems and structural challenges; (iv) Institutional governance challenges. The identified factors for the successful implementation of institutional performance management were categorised into four groups namely: (i) A performance framework, performance culture and employee support; (ii) An individual performance management system; (iii) Alignment; (iv) SMART goal setting. The study established that performance measures for public universities in Uganda could be categorised into five categories namely: (i) Leadership practices, infrastructure and academic profile; (ii) Accountability; (iii) Involvement with external stakeholders; (iv) Information and knowledge transfer; (v) Strategic implementation. Finally, the proposed performance management model consisted of three phases namely: (i) Designing the strategy; (ii) Implementation of the strategy; (iii) Evaluating rewarding and improving performance. University managers should pay close attention to the identified challenges while ensuring that the factors that facilitate successful performance management implementation are in place. The measures identified by this study could be used by policy makers and universities to determine the extent of performance of the various universities, not only in Uganda but also in sub-Saharan Africa and the proposed model could be adopted by universities in Uganda as well as by all institutions of higher learning during institutional performance management implementation. Ultimately, the success of the implementation process is vested fully in the commitment and willingness of management and the employees to participate in the entire process right from the design stage to the evaluation stage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Karuhanga, Bernadette Nambi
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Performance -- Management , Performance standards -- Uganda , Universities and colleges -- Uganda
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6717 , vital:21138
- Description: As far as could be established, no empirical study had been conducted with the aim of designing a performance management model for systematically managing institutional performance at public universities in Uganda. The purpose of this study therefore, was to develop an institutional performance management model for universities in Uganda. This was achieved by establishing: the extent to which public universities in Uganda implemented institutional performance management, the challenges impacting institutional performance management implementation in universities in Uganda, how public universities could ensure effective institutional performance management implementation, the various measures of institutional performance that are applicable to universities in Uganda and the key components of the institutional performance management model that could be adopted by universities in Uganda in managing institutional performance. A mixed methods approach was adopted, applying both the qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Phenomenology and cross sectional survey strategies were adopted. Interviews were conducted with purposively selected top administrators of a selected public university and the results informed the survey questionnaire. This instrument was later administered to academic staff in four public universities using a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The findings revealed that strategic planning in public universities in Uganda does exist and it is aimed at achieving quality. Despite the existence of strategic planning, academic staff are uncertain about a number of issues related to strategic planning. Respondents generally disagreed that: performance management training is continuously provided to managers and staff, they have an effective performance management system and a formal process exists for units to provide feedback on the attainment of goals. Among the challenges impacting performance management implementation in universities in Uganda was: (i) Lack of a formal performance management environment; (ii) Limited employee engagement/communication problems; (iii) Institutional systems and structural challenges; (iv) Institutional governance challenges. The identified factors for the successful implementation of institutional performance management were categorised into four groups namely: (i) A performance framework, performance culture and employee support; (ii) An individual performance management system; (iii) Alignment; (iv) SMART goal setting. The study established that performance measures for public universities in Uganda could be categorised into five categories namely: (i) Leadership practices, infrastructure and academic profile; (ii) Accountability; (iii) Involvement with external stakeholders; (iv) Information and knowledge transfer; (v) Strategic implementation. Finally, the proposed performance management model consisted of three phases namely: (i) Designing the strategy; (ii) Implementation of the strategy; (iii) Evaluating rewarding and improving performance. University managers should pay close attention to the identified challenges while ensuring that the factors that facilitate successful performance management implementation are in place. The measures identified by this study could be used by policy makers and universities to determine the extent of performance of the various universities, not only in Uganda but also in sub-Saharan Africa and the proposed model could be adopted by universities in Uganda as well as by all institutions of higher learning during institutional performance management implementation. Ultimately, the success of the implementation process is vested fully in the commitment and willingness of management and the employees to participate in the entire process right from the design stage to the evaluation stage.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012