Interactivity in online journalism: a case study of the interactive nature of Nigeria's online Guardian
- Authors: Folayan, Oluseyi Olukemi
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Guardian (Nigeria) Online journalism Electronic publishing -- Nigeria Electronic newspapers -- Nigeria Electronic news gathering -- Nigeria Nigeria -- Newspapers
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3429 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002883
- Description: Interactivity is a distinguishing feature of the online environment but online newspapers have been slow in recognising interactivity as an essential condition of effective Web communication. Existing research show online newspapers generally offer few and token interactive options. This research explored interactivity in online journalism using Nigeria's online Guardian as a case study exploring the nature, levels and utilisation of interactivity and interactive features on the site. This study found that few interactive options are offered in Nigeria's online Guardian and those interactive options on offer just produced an illusion of interactivity; it was apparent that little effort was made to give interactive options on the site the significant attention they deserve. The study highlighted the difference between the availability and use of interactive features on an online newspaper site: the mere presence of such features does not necessarily speak to the levels or nature of interactivity on the site. The difficulty in obtaining findings for the qualitative aspect of this study spoke significantly to the findings in light of the fact that these were attempts using interactive options provided by the newspaper site. They stress what relevant literature highlights: the mere presence of interactive features is not in itself interactivity . Factors contributing to the low levels of interactivity in Nigeria's online Guardian include lack of technical expertise plus human and financial resources and the persistence of a mindset that hinders the development and integration of new information communication technologies and interactivity in online journalism. Theoretically, the possibilities are vast but the likelihood of translating theory into reality appears slim. For Nigeria's online Guardian to become interactive in a participatory way, it must undergo changes and choices about values, goals and standards. There must be a shift in attitudes and approaches towards news-content production and delivery as well as the problematic commercial aspects of electronic publishing routines and the effect of such choices on management and newsroom organisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Folayan, Oluseyi Olukemi
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Guardian (Nigeria) Online journalism Electronic publishing -- Nigeria Electronic newspapers -- Nigeria Electronic news gathering -- Nigeria Nigeria -- Newspapers
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3429 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002883
- Description: Interactivity is a distinguishing feature of the online environment but online newspapers have been slow in recognising interactivity as an essential condition of effective Web communication. Existing research show online newspapers generally offer few and token interactive options. This research explored interactivity in online journalism using Nigeria's online Guardian as a case study exploring the nature, levels and utilisation of interactivity and interactive features on the site. This study found that few interactive options are offered in Nigeria's online Guardian and those interactive options on offer just produced an illusion of interactivity; it was apparent that little effort was made to give interactive options on the site the significant attention they deserve. The study highlighted the difference between the availability and use of interactive features on an online newspaper site: the mere presence of such features does not necessarily speak to the levels or nature of interactivity on the site. The difficulty in obtaining findings for the qualitative aspect of this study spoke significantly to the findings in light of the fact that these were attempts using interactive options provided by the newspaper site. They stress what relevant literature highlights: the mere presence of interactive features is not in itself interactivity . Factors contributing to the low levels of interactivity in Nigeria's online Guardian include lack of technical expertise plus human and financial resources and the persistence of a mindset that hinders the development and integration of new information communication technologies and interactivity in online journalism. Theoretically, the possibilities are vast but the likelihood of translating theory into reality appears slim. For Nigeria's online Guardian to become interactive in a participatory way, it must undergo changes and choices about values, goals and standards. There must be a shift in attitudes and approaches towards news-content production and delivery as well as the problematic commercial aspects of electronic publishing routines and the effect of such choices on management and newsroom organisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
From frontier to midlands: a history of the Graaff-Reinet district, 1786-1910
- Authors: Smith, Kenneth Wyndham
- Date: 1976
- Subjects: Graaff-Reinet (South Africa) -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2656 , vital:20313 , ISBN 0949980730
- Description: The study of local history in South Africa is still in its infancy and has not been accorded the same recognition as elsewhere. There is no convenient manual to guide the would-be local historian of the Cape. There are few models that provide an insight into the main problems encountered by the local historian of a Cape community. In such local histories as exist, attention has been focussed predominantly on the foundation and physical growth of towns, the naming of streets, the establishment of schools and hospitals. Many of these accounts were written for publicity purposes or to commemorate the founding of towns. Although there is no history of the Dutch Reformed Church in Graaff-Reinet, the history of local congregations of the Dutch Reformed Church has generally been well covered in the form of Gedenkboeke and other studies. These frequently have a particular relevance as many towns such as Burgersdorp and Colesberg were founded as a result of the initiative of the church. Preface. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1976
- Authors: Smith, Kenneth Wyndham
- Date: 1976
- Subjects: Graaff-Reinet (South Africa) -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2656 , vital:20313 , ISBN 0949980730
- Description: The study of local history in South Africa is still in its infancy and has not been accorded the same recognition as elsewhere. There is no convenient manual to guide the would-be local historian of the Cape. There are few models that provide an insight into the main problems encountered by the local historian of a Cape community. In such local histories as exist, attention has been focussed predominantly on the foundation and physical growth of towns, the naming of streets, the establishment of schools and hospitals. Many of these accounts were written for publicity purposes or to commemorate the founding of towns. Although there is no history of the Dutch Reformed Church in Graaff-Reinet, the history of local congregations of the Dutch Reformed Church has generally been well covered in the form of Gedenkboeke and other studies. These frequently have a particular relevance as many towns such as Burgersdorp and Colesberg were founded as a result of the initiative of the church. Preface. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1976
A socio-economic survey of the Amatola Basin: interim report
- Bekker, S B, de Wet, Christopher J, Manona, Cecil W
- Authors: Bekker, S B , de Wet, Christopher J , Manona, Cecil W
- Date: 1981
- Subjects: Ciskei (South Africa) -- Rural conditions Agriculture -- South Africa -- Ciskei Middledrift (South Africa) Fingo (African people) Hlubi (African people) Agriculture -- South Africa -- Ciskei Amatola River Watershed (South Africa) -- Economic conditions Amatola River Watershed (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2282 , vital:20272 , ISBN 0868100730
- Description: Early in 1981, Professor S. Bekker of Rhodes University was invited to attend a meeting of the Amatola Basin Steering Committee of the Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute (ARDRI) at the University of Fort Hare. At this meeting, Professor Bekker was invited to undertake a socio-economic survey of the Amatola Basin. The Board of the Institute of Social and Economic Research at Rhodes University gave Professor Bekker permission in February 1981 to undertake the research project on condition that it was conducted in the fashion this Institute usually requires. It was subsequently agreed that the survey, known as 'Amatola Basin VII: Socio-economic survey', was to establish the basic demographic, kinship, consumption and employment patterns of the residents of the Amatola Basin. Practices and traditions related to dry land agriculture would also be identified , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1981
- Authors: Bekker, S B , de Wet, Christopher J , Manona, Cecil W
- Date: 1981
- Subjects: Ciskei (South Africa) -- Rural conditions Agriculture -- South Africa -- Ciskei Middledrift (South Africa) Fingo (African people) Hlubi (African people) Agriculture -- South Africa -- Ciskei Amatola River Watershed (South Africa) -- Economic conditions Amatola River Watershed (South Africa) -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2282 , vital:20272 , ISBN 0868100730
- Description: Early in 1981, Professor S. Bekker of Rhodes University was invited to attend a meeting of the Amatola Basin Steering Committee of the Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute (ARDRI) at the University of Fort Hare. At this meeting, Professor Bekker was invited to undertake a socio-economic survey of the Amatola Basin. The Board of the Institute of Social and Economic Research at Rhodes University gave Professor Bekker permission in February 1981 to undertake the research project on condition that it was conducted in the fashion this Institute usually requires. It was subsequently agreed that the survey, known as 'Amatola Basin VII: Socio-economic survey', was to establish the basic demographic, kinship, consumption and employment patterns of the residents of the Amatola Basin. Practices and traditions related to dry land agriculture would also be identified , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1981
An assessment of the nutritional status of young black school children in the Albany Magisterial District, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Fincham, Robert John
- Date: 1981
- Subjects: Schools -- South Africa -- Grahamstown Africans -- Nutrition Nutrition surveys -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Malnutrition -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Children -- South Africa -- Nutrition
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2172 , vital:20262 , ISBN 0868100773
- Description: This working paper covers a survey conducted between 16 and 30 January 1980 of 3 171 black Sub A and Sub B pupils 8 years old or younger, at schools in both the rural and urban areas of the Albany Magisterial District, Eastern Cape. The survey, under the auspices of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER), Rhodes University, was carried out as a result of a request from Dr J. D. Krynauw, Regional Director of Health Services in the Eastern Cape, to assess levels of nutrition of black children. Newspaper reports (see Appendix 1) of low levels of nutrition and high infant mortality rates among young black children in the Eastern Cape appeared to suggest a chronic nutritional situation, a situation not perceived as such by the Department of Health. A comprehensive pilot study was instituted on written request from Dr Krynauw in late October 1979. A report of the pilot study findings was presented in May 1980 to the Department of Health (Fincham, 1980). The present paper elaborates on that report and also includes analyses of data not presented before. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1981
- Authors: Fincham, Robert John
- Date: 1981
- Subjects: Schools -- South Africa -- Grahamstown Africans -- Nutrition Nutrition surveys -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Malnutrition -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Children -- South Africa -- Nutrition
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2172 , vital:20262 , ISBN 0868100773
- Description: This working paper covers a survey conducted between 16 and 30 January 1980 of 3 171 black Sub A and Sub B pupils 8 years old or younger, at schools in both the rural and urban areas of the Albany Magisterial District, Eastern Cape. The survey, under the auspices of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER), Rhodes University, was carried out as a result of a request from Dr J. D. Krynauw, Regional Director of Health Services in the Eastern Cape, to assess levels of nutrition of black children. Newspaper reports (see Appendix 1) of low levels of nutrition and high infant mortality rates among young black children in the Eastern Cape appeared to suggest a chronic nutritional situation, a situation not perceived as such by the Department of Health. A comprehensive pilot study was instituted on written request from Dr Krynauw in late October 1979. A report of the pilot study findings was presented in May 1980 to the Department of Health (Fincham, 1980). The present paper elaborates on that report and also includes analyses of data not presented before. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1981
Black urban employment and Coloured labour preference
- Bekker, S B, Coetzee, Johannes Hendrik
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Coetzee, Johannes Hendrik
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Black people -- Employment -- South Africa -- Cape Town Colored people (South Africa) -- Employment -- South Africa -- Cape Town Labor supply -- South Africa -- Cape Town Health services administration -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2216 , vital:20266 , ISBN 0868100420
- Description: State control over the labour market usually results in the creation of different categories of labour, each having partial and unequal access to that market. In the Third World, typically, justification for control arises from an over-supply of unskilled rural labour and a small demand for such labour in the wage economy. To reduce massive urban unemployment, the state attempts to control the process of rural-urban migration by, inter alia, manipulating the labour market. ^ In South Africa, the civilised labour policy of the Pact government and the highly sophisticated system of black influx control introduced after the Second World War are two examples of such state control. In these cases, racial categories of labour, having differential access to the labour market, were created. The policy of Coloured Labour Preference is another South African example which is of particular interest since it is applied solely to one region of the Republic. Since 1962, when it was administratively coordinated for the first time, this policy has been applied in the Western Cape, a region comprising the 68 magisterial districts situated south-west of Port Elizabeth, Kimberley and the Orange River. In this region, black work-seekers' access to the labour market is severely curtailed. A series of regulations, particular to the Western Cape, are applied with the object of restricting the number of blacks resident in the region; denying blacks permanent rights of sojourn in the region; restricting the scope of employment for blacks in the region; and favouring coloured above black work-seekers throughout the region. In short, the policy aims to replace black by coloured labour and thereby aims to reduce to a minimum the number of blacks in the region. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Coetzee, Johannes Hendrik
- Date: 1980
- Subjects: Black people -- Employment -- South Africa -- Cape Town Colored people (South Africa) -- Employment -- South Africa -- Cape Town Labor supply -- South Africa -- Cape Town Health services administration -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2216 , vital:20266 , ISBN 0868100420
- Description: State control over the labour market usually results in the creation of different categories of labour, each having partial and unequal access to that market. In the Third World, typically, justification for control arises from an over-supply of unskilled rural labour and a small demand for such labour in the wage economy. To reduce massive urban unemployment, the state attempts to control the process of rural-urban migration by, inter alia, manipulating the labour market. ^ In South Africa, the civilised labour policy of the Pact government and the highly sophisticated system of black influx control introduced after the Second World War are two examples of such state control. In these cases, racial categories of labour, having differential access to the labour market, were created. The policy of Coloured Labour Preference is another South African example which is of particular interest since it is applied solely to one region of the Republic. Since 1962, when it was administratively coordinated for the first time, this policy has been applied in the Western Cape, a region comprising the 68 magisterial districts situated south-west of Port Elizabeth, Kimberley and the Orange River. In this region, black work-seekers' access to the labour market is severely curtailed. A series of regulations, particular to the Western Cape, are applied with the object of restricting the number of blacks resident in the region; denying blacks permanent rights of sojourn in the region; restricting the scope of employment for blacks in the region; and favouring coloured above black work-seekers throughout the region. In short, the policy aims to replace black by coloured labour and thereby aims to reduce to a minimum the number of blacks in the region. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1980
Code of Conduct for Australian companies with interests in the Republic of South Africa
- Date: Mar 1987
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118204 , vital:34607
- Description: This is the first report under the voluntary Code of Conduct for Australian companies in South Africa. It marks Australia's entry into an area of monitoring and public reporting where the United States of America, the European Community (particularly the United Kingdom) and Canada have had Codes of Conduct since 1976 to 1978. Each of the countries concerned has companies with investment in South Africa and a physical presence there - through subsidiaries that operate as part of South African industry and that employ South African workers, including black workers. The Codes are intended to secure that companies from outside South Africa do not, when employing non-white (and particularly black) workers in South Africa, exploit the apartheid system. On the contrary, the objective is to work towards the elimination of discrimination at the industrial level - in pay rates, opportunities and otherwise - and at the same time to try to imp rove the position of the employees outside the work place. Those who press for stronger sanctions against South Africa and for active disinvestment policies criticise the Codes as weak palliatives for apartheid. In past years that might have been charged more forcibly. Today the existence of the Codes does not seem to be affecting decisions on sanctions. And the converse also seems to be true; with the sanctions that are presently operating the Codes continue to operate. Of course, when companies do disinvest, the Codes have fewer companies to cover and could eventually wither on that account. To the extent, therefore, that the Codes operate on the fact of foreign companies being in South Africa, they could be thought inconsistent with any policy of rapid disinvestment. However, there are at present no such policies operating at the level of Governments. A question arising from that is whether foreign companies, if they do remain in South Africa, should be subject to Codes and to reports back home as to their conduct, it being recognised that those reports, depending on their content and their reception, may either quieten or stir pressures for further disinvestment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Mar 1987
- Date: Mar 1987
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118204 , vital:34607
- Description: This is the first report under the voluntary Code of Conduct for Australian companies in South Africa. It marks Australia's entry into an area of monitoring and public reporting where the United States of America, the European Community (particularly the United Kingdom) and Canada have had Codes of Conduct since 1976 to 1978. Each of the countries concerned has companies with investment in South Africa and a physical presence there - through subsidiaries that operate as part of South African industry and that employ South African workers, including black workers. The Codes are intended to secure that companies from outside South Africa do not, when employing non-white (and particularly black) workers in South Africa, exploit the apartheid system. On the contrary, the objective is to work towards the elimination of discrimination at the industrial level - in pay rates, opportunities and otherwise - and at the same time to try to imp rove the position of the employees outside the work place. Those who press for stronger sanctions against South Africa and for active disinvestment policies criticise the Codes as weak palliatives for apartheid. In past years that might have been charged more forcibly. Today the existence of the Codes does not seem to be affecting decisions on sanctions. And the converse also seems to be true; with the sanctions that are presently operating the Codes continue to operate. Of course, when companies do disinvest, the Codes have fewer companies to cover and could eventually wither on that account. To the extent, therefore, that the Codes operate on the fact of foreign companies being in South Africa, they could be thought inconsistent with any policy of rapid disinvestment. However, there are at present no such policies operating at the level of Governments. A question arising from that is whether foreign companies, if they do remain in South Africa, should be subject to Codes and to reports back home as to their conduct, it being recognised that those reports, depending on their content and their reception, may either quieten or stir pressures for further disinvestment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Mar 1987
A multi-threading software countermeasure to mitigate side channel analysis in the time domain
- Authors: Frieslaar, Ibraheem
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Computer security , Data encryption (Computer science) , Noise generators (Electronics)
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71152 , vital:29790
- Description: This research is the first of its kind to investigate the utilisation of a multi-threading software-based countermeasure to mitigate Side Channel Analysis (SCA) attacks, with a particular focus on the AES-128 cryptographic algorithm. This investigation is novel, as there has not been a software-based countermeasure relying on multi-threading to our knowledge. The research has been tested on the Atmel microcontrollers, as well as a more fully featured system in the form of the popular Raspberry Pi that utilises the ARM7 processor. The main contributions of this research is the introduction of a multi-threading software based countermeasure used to mitigate SCA attacks on both an embedded device and a Raspberry Pi. These threads are comprised of various mathematical operations which are utilised to generate electromagnetic (EM) noise resulting in the obfuscation of the execution of the AES-128 algorithm. A novel EM noise generator known as the FRIES noise generator is implemented to obfuscate data captured in the EM field. FRIES comprises of hiding the execution of AES-128 algorithm within the EM noise generated by the 512 Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) from the libcrypto++ and OpenSSL libraries. In order to evaluate the proposed countermeasure, a novel attack methodology was developed where the entire secret AES-128 encryption key was recovered from a Raspberry Pi, which has not been achieved before. The FRIES noise generator was pitted against this new attack vector and other known noise generators. The results exhibited that the FRIES noise generator withstood this attack whilst other existing techniques still leaked out secret information. The visual location of the AES-128 encryption algorithm in the EM spectrum and key recovery was prevented. These results demonstrated that the proposed multi-threading software based countermeasure was able to be resistant to existing and new forms of attacks, thus verifying that a multi-threading software based countermeasure can serve to mitigate SCA attacks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Frieslaar, Ibraheem
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Computer security , Data encryption (Computer science) , Noise generators (Electronics)
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71152 , vital:29790
- Description: This research is the first of its kind to investigate the utilisation of a multi-threading software-based countermeasure to mitigate Side Channel Analysis (SCA) attacks, with a particular focus on the AES-128 cryptographic algorithm. This investigation is novel, as there has not been a software-based countermeasure relying on multi-threading to our knowledge. The research has been tested on the Atmel microcontrollers, as well as a more fully featured system in the form of the popular Raspberry Pi that utilises the ARM7 processor. The main contributions of this research is the introduction of a multi-threading software based countermeasure used to mitigate SCA attacks on both an embedded device and a Raspberry Pi. These threads are comprised of various mathematical operations which are utilised to generate electromagnetic (EM) noise resulting in the obfuscation of the execution of the AES-128 algorithm. A novel EM noise generator known as the FRIES noise generator is implemented to obfuscate data captured in the EM field. FRIES comprises of hiding the execution of AES-128 algorithm within the EM noise generated by the 512 Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) from the libcrypto++ and OpenSSL libraries. In order to evaluate the proposed countermeasure, a novel attack methodology was developed where the entire secret AES-128 encryption key was recovered from a Raspberry Pi, which has not been achieved before. The FRIES noise generator was pitted against this new attack vector and other known noise generators. The results exhibited that the FRIES noise generator withstood this attack whilst other existing techniques still leaked out secret information. The visual location of the AES-128 encryption algorithm in the EM spectrum and key recovery was prevented. These results demonstrated that the proposed multi-threading software based countermeasure was able to be resistant to existing and new forms of attacks, thus verifying that a multi-threading software based countermeasure can serve to mitigate SCA attacks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Who goes to parliament?
- Authors: Stultz, Newell Maynard
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Legislators -- South Africa South Africa -- Politics and government -- 1948-1994 South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2747 , vital:20322 , ISBN 0949980560
- Description: The focus here is upon the 1 169 white men and the twelve white women who were elected or nominated to the South African Parliament in Cape Town between 1910 and the conclusion of the 1970 general and Senate elections.1 Because of the integrated nature of government at the national level in South Africa, an examination of all parliamentarians concurrently produces information on all cabinet ministers during the same period, and for most if not all of the top leaders of the major political parties as well. Hence, recognizing the unitary structure of the South African regime - sometimes expressed in the principle of the 'sovereignty of Parliament' - it seems possible to designate these 1 181 persons as the formally ascendant South African political elite during the country's first six decades. Moreover, there is no reason to doubt that this number includes nearly all of the persons who exercised disproportionately great real power during these years, excepting, of course, those few non-whites who may be thought to have been politically influential at the national level. Every indication is that political life in South Africa centred on these individuals, or at least on some of them, for clearly not all were of equal political importance. Yet even the leaders within this select group, whom we shall also consider separately in detail, frequently (although not in every case) rose to prominence within the institution of Parliament, in part on the basis of their ability to influence and control its deliberations. An understanding of the backgrounds of all parliamentarians thus not only helps to describe the body itself, but may also contribute a new appreciation of the political power of the country's top leadership. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
- Authors: Stultz, Newell Maynard
- Date: 1975
- Subjects: Legislators -- South Africa South Africa -- Politics and government -- 1948-1994 South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2747 , vital:20322 , ISBN 0949980560
- Description: The focus here is upon the 1 169 white men and the twelve white women who were elected or nominated to the South African Parliament in Cape Town between 1910 and the conclusion of the 1970 general and Senate elections.1 Because of the integrated nature of government at the national level in South Africa, an examination of all parliamentarians concurrently produces information on all cabinet ministers during the same period, and for most if not all of the top leaders of the major political parties as well. Hence, recognizing the unitary structure of the South African regime - sometimes expressed in the principle of the 'sovereignty of Parliament' - it seems possible to designate these 1 181 persons as the formally ascendant South African political elite during the country's first six decades. Moreover, there is no reason to doubt that this number includes nearly all of the persons who exercised disproportionately great real power during these years, excepting, of course, those few non-whites who may be thought to have been politically influential at the national level. Every indication is that political life in South Africa centred on these individuals, or at least on some of them, for clearly not all were of equal political importance. Yet even the leaders within this select group, whom we shall also consider separately in detail, frequently (although not in every case) rose to prominence within the institution of Parliament, in part on the basis of their ability to influence and control its deliberations. An understanding of the backgrounds of all parliamentarians thus not only helps to describe the body itself, but may also contribute a new appreciation of the political power of the country's top leadership. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1975
Predikant and priest : some Calvinist and Catholic role profiles of the religious functionary in South Africa : a comment and review of two empirical studies
- Authors: Higgins, Edward
- Date: 1972
- Subjects: Clergy -- South Africa , Clergy -- Office
- Language: English
- Type: Book , text
- Identifier: vital:551 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020578
- Description: A revised English version of "Les roles religieux dans le contexte multi-racial sud-africain : le profil du ministere dans le calvinisme et le catholicisme"
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1972
- Authors: Higgins, Edward
- Date: 1972
- Subjects: Clergy -- South Africa , Clergy -- Office
- Language: English
- Type: Book , text
- Identifier: vital:551 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020578
- Description: A revised English version of "Les roles religieux dans le contexte multi-racial sud-africain : le profil du ministere dans le calvinisme et le catholicisme"
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1972
An evaluation of the process and impact of outsourcing information technology (IT) services by Eastern Cape Treasury Department (ECTD) to the State Information Technology Agency (SITA)
- Authors: Mdlokovi, Lulama Reuben
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: State Information Technology Agency (South Africa) Administrative agencies -- South Africa Information technology -- Management Technology -- Information services Information services industry Telecommunication Value-added networks (Computer networks)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:743 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003864
- Description: The aim of this research is to evaluate the process and impact of outsourcing information technology (IT) services of Eastern Cape Treasury Department (ECTD) to State Information Technology Agency (SITA). This research study has been prompted by the fact that the South African Government through the National Department of Public Service and Administration has established SITA with a sole purpose of improving service delivery by all national, provincial and local government departments. The researcher’s concern is whether the relationship between SITA and these departments is working or not. The research paradigm adopted is a constructivist approach and the ontological position adopted assumed multiple realities. The research method used in this study is the evaluation research method. Key to the research procedure was the fact that four senior officials were interviewed using audio recording, where in two were each chosen from SITA and ECTD. The researcher used document analysis and interviews as a means of collecting data. Separate open-ended questions for SITA and ECTD were structured in such a way that it would be easy to extract themes describing the details of a particular question. The researcher made use of thematic analysis. The theory drive-code development process was key in the research analysis. ECTD outsourced to SITA the following IT services, namely, provision or maintenance of a private telecommunication network (PTN) or a value-added network (VAN); transversal information systems and its data-processing or associated services; training in IT/IS; application software development; maintenance services for IT software or infrastructure; data-processing or associated services for specific IT applications or systems such as website development; and IT support. The interviewed officials from ECTD contend that they used the SCM Guide and SITA ACT when pursuing IT outsourcing for projects such as those listed above. One of the key projects outsourced to SITA is the IFMS, which is a project programme of the National Treasury Department working closely with provinces (e.g. ECTD), National Department of Public Service and Administration (NDPSA) and SITA. The IFMS project has been implemented following the SCM guidelines. The key SCM Guide components are demand, acquisition, logistics, and disposal management. The engagement model used by SITA to guide them on the process of engaging in an IT outsourcing relationship has, according to the officials interviewed, been a success. SITA uses a standard contract wherein other specific contracts receive minor adjustments. The impact of IT outsourcing has shown increases in customer satisfaction improvement, transformation of government procurement and provisioning practices, appointment of Consultants, interpretation of the Preferential Procurement Policy, promotion of the consistent application of Best Practices, information systems security environment, and improving service delivery.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Mdlokovi, Lulama Reuben
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: State Information Technology Agency (South Africa) Administrative agencies -- South Africa Information technology -- Management Technology -- Information services Information services industry Telecommunication Value-added networks (Computer networks)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:743 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003864
- Description: The aim of this research is to evaluate the process and impact of outsourcing information technology (IT) services of Eastern Cape Treasury Department (ECTD) to State Information Technology Agency (SITA). This research study has been prompted by the fact that the South African Government through the National Department of Public Service and Administration has established SITA with a sole purpose of improving service delivery by all national, provincial and local government departments. The researcher’s concern is whether the relationship between SITA and these departments is working or not. The research paradigm adopted is a constructivist approach and the ontological position adopted assumed multiple realities. The research method used in this study is the evaluation research method. Key to the research procedure was the fact that four senior officials were interviewed using audio recording, where in two were each chosen from SITA and ECTD. The researcher used document analysis and interviews as a means of collecting data. Separate open-ended questions for SITA and ECTD were structured in such a way that it would be easy to extract themes describing the details of a particular question. The researcher made use of thematic analysis. The theory drive-code development process was key in the research analysis. ECTD outsourced to SITA the following IT services, namely, provision or maintenance of a private telecommunication network (PTN) or a value-added network (VAN); transversal information systems and its data-processing or associated services; training in IT/IS; application software development; maintenance services for IT software or infrastructure; data-processing or associated services for specific IT applications or systems such as website development; and IT support. The interviewed officials from ECTD contend that they used the SCM Guide and SITA ACT when pursuing IT outsourcing for projects such as those listed above. One of the key projects outsourced to SITA is the IFMS, which is a project programme of the National Treasury Department working closely with provinces (e.g. ECTD), National Department of Public Service and Administration (NDPSA) and SITA. The IFMS project has been implemented following the SCM guidelines. The key SCM Guide components are demand, acquisition, logistics, and disposal management. The engagement model used by SITA to guide them on the process of engaging in an IT outsourcing relationship has, according to the officials interviewed, been a success. SITA uses a standard contract wherein other specific contracts receive minor adjustments. The impact of IT outsourcing has shown increases in customer satisfaction improvement, transformation of government procurement and provisioning practices, appointment of Consultants, interpretation of the Preferential Procurement Policy, promotion of the consistent application of Best Practices, information systems security environment, and improving service delivery.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Reliability analysis: assessment of hardware and human reliability
- Authors: Mafu, Masakheke
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Bayesian statistical decision theory , Reliability (Engineering) , Human machine systems , Probabilities , Markov processes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6280 , vital:21077
- Description: Most reliability analyses involve the analysis of binary data. Practitioners in the field of reliability place great emphasis on analysing the time periods over which items or systems function (failure time analyses), which make use of different statistical models. This study intends to introduce, review and investigate four statistical models for modeling failure times of non-repairable items, and to utilise a Bayesian methodology to achieve this. The exponential, Rayleigh, gamma and Weibull distributions will be considered. The performance of the two non-informative priors will be investigated. An application of two failure time distributions will be carried out. To meet these objectives, the failure rate and the reliability functions of failure time distributions are calculated. Two non-informative priors, the Jeffreys prior and the general divergence prior, and the corresponding posteriors are derived for each distribution. Simulation studies for each distribution are carried out, where the coverage rates and credible intervals lengths are calculated and the results of these are discussed. The gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution are applied to failure time data.The Jeffreys prior is found to have better coverage rate than the general divergence prior. The general divergence shows undercoverage when used with the Rayleigh distribution. The Jeffreys prior produces coverage rates that are conservative when used with the exponential distribution. These priors give, on average, the same average interval lengths and increase as the value of the parameter increases. Both priors perform similar when used with the gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution. A thorough discussion and review of human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques will be considered. Twenty human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques are discussed; providing a background, description and advantages and disadvantages for each. Case studies in the nuclear industry, railway industry, and aviation industry are presented to show the importance and applications of HRA. Human error has been shown to be the major contributor to system failure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mafu, Masakheke
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Bayesian statistical decision theory , Reliability (Engineering) , Human machine systems , Probabilities , Markov processes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6280 , vital:21077
- Description: Most reliability analyses involve the analysis of binary data. Practitioners in the field of reliability place great emphasis on analysing the time periods over which items or systems function (failure time analyses), which make use of different statistical models. This study intends to introduce, review and investigate four statistical models for modeling failure times of non-repairable items, and to utilise a Bayesian methodology to achieve this. The exponential, Rayleigh, gamma and Weibull distributions will be considered. The performance of the two non-informative priors will be investigated. An application of two failure time distributions will be carried out. To meet these objectives, the failure rate and the reliability functions of failure time distributions are calculated. Two non-informative priors, the Jeffreys prior and the general divergence prior, and the corresponding posteriors are derived for each distribution. Simulation studies for each distribution are carried out, where the coverage rates and credible intervals lengths are calculated and the results of these are discussed. The gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution are applied to failure time data.The Jeffreys prior is found to have better coverage rate than the general divergence prior. The general divergence shows undercoverage when used with the Rayleigh distribution. The Jeffreys prior produces coverage rates that are conservative when used with the exponential distribution. These priors give, on average, the same average interval lengths and increase as the value of the parameter increases. Both priors perform similar when used with the gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution. A thorough discussion and review of human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques will be considered. Twenty human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques are discussed; providing a background, description and advantages and disadvantages for each. Case studies in the nuclear industry, railway industry, and aviation industry are presented to show the importance and applications of HRA. Human error has been shown to be the major contributor to system failure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Opname van die Kaapse Middelland en Karroogebied: deel 1: n Geografiese studie van die Kaapse middelland- en Karroogebied, met spesiale verwysing na die fisiografie en elemente van bodembenutting
- Authors: Badenhorst, J J
- Date: 1970
- Subjects: Geology -- South Africa Geomorphology -- South Africa Agriculture -- South Africa Orange/fish river project Sheep -- South Africa Goats -- South Africa Chicory -- South Africa Pineapple industry -- South Africa Feeds -- South Africa Forests and forestry -- South Africa Fruit -- South Africa South Africa -- Climate South Africa -- Geography
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2612 , vital:20309
- Description: In 1966 het die Karoo-ontwikkelingvereniging die Universiteit Rhodes genader met 'n versoek dat die Universiteit Rhodes se Instituut vir Sosiale en Ekonomiese Navorsing 'n sosio-ekonomiese Opname van hulle streek sou maak om 'n feitegrondslag vir ontwikkelingsbeplanning te verskaf in afwagting van die voltooiing van die Oranjerivier-projek. Soortgelyke versoeke is van die Middellande-Ontwikkelingsvereniging en die Vereniging van Openbare Liggame van die Suid-Oostelike Distrikte ontvang. Nadat die Departement van Beplanning, wat die idee van 'n streeksopname sterk ondersteun het, geraadpleeg is, is daar ooreengekom dat hoewel Port Elizabeth en sy agterland 'n gemeenskaplike ekonomiese eenheid vorm, die gebied onderverdeel kon word, en dat die Universiteit van Port Elizabeth verantwoordelikheid vir die stedelike gebied Port Elizabeth en Uitenhage sou aanvaar, en die Universiteit Rhodes, deur die Instituut vir Sosiale en Ekonomiese Navorsing die Opname van die binnelandse gebiede sou lei. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1970
- Authors: Badenhorst, J J
- Date: 1970
- Subjects: Geology -- South Africa Geomorphology -- South Africa Agriculture -- South Africa Orange/fish river project Sheep -- South Africa Goats -- South Africa Chicory -- South Africa Pineapple industry -- South Africa Feeds -- South Africa Forests and forestry -- South Africa Fruit -- South Africa South Africa -- Climate South Africa -- Geography
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2612 , vital:20309
- Description: In 1966 het die Karoo-ontwikkelingvereniging die Universiteit Rhodes genader met 'n versoek dat die Universiteit Rhodes se Instituut vir Sosiale en Ekonomiese Navorsing 'n sosio-ekonomiese Opname van hulle streek sou maak om 'n feitegrondslag vir ontwikkelingsbeplanning te verskaf in afwagting van die voltooiing van die Oranjerivier-projek. Soortgelyke versoeke is van die Middellande-Ontwikkelingsvereniging en die Vereniging van Openbare Liggame van die Suid-Oostelike Distrikte ontvang. Nadat die Departement van Beplanning, wat die idee van 'n streeksopname sterk ondersteun het, geraadpleeg is, is daar ooreengekom dat hoewel Port Elizabeth en sy agterland 'n gemeenskaplike ekonomiese eenheid vorm, die gebied onderverdeel kon word, en dat die Universiteit van Port Elizabeth verantwoordelikheid vir die stedelike gebied Port Elizabeth en Uitenhage sou aanvaar, en die Universiteit Rhodes, deur die Instituut vir Sosiale en Ekonomiese Navorsing die Opname van die binnelandse gebiede sou lei. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1970
The life and work of Benjamin Tyamzashe: a contemporary Xhosa composer
- Authors: Hansen, Deirdre Doris
- Date: 1968
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- Music , Hymns, Xhosa , Tyamzashe, Benjamin John Peter (1890-1978) , Composers, Black -- South Africa
- Language: English , Xhosa
- Type: Book
- Identifier: vital:550 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020214
- Description: The present paper is a digest of the thesis submitted under the same title, by Miss Deirdre Hansen for the Degree of Master of Music of Rhodes University in 1968. This work includes a large number of musical illustrations, which illuminate in detail many aspects of the works of Benjamin Tyamzashe. The section containing these has been reduced to its essentials, but what is here given should enable the reader to understand the manner in which Tyamzashe's ability as a composer has developed, and to give him his rightful place among his contemporaries. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968
- Authors: Hansen, Deirdre Doris
- Date: 1968
- Subjects: Xhosa (African people) -- Music , Hymns, Xhosa , Tyamzashe, Benjamin John Peter (1890-1978) , Composers, Black -- South Africa
- Language: English , Xhosa
- Type: Book
- Identifier: vital:550 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020214
- Description: The present paper is a digest of the thesis submitted under the same title, by Miss Deirdre Hansen for the Degree of Master of Music of Rhodes University in 1968. This work includes a large number of musical illustrations, which illuminate in detail many aspects of the works of Benjamin Tyamzashe. The section containing these has been reduced to its essentials, but what is here given should enable the reader to understand the manner in which Tyamzashe's ability as a composer has developed, and to give him his rightful place among his contemporaries. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1968
The challenge and the response: inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University
- Daniel, J B M (John Benjamin McIntyre)
- Authors: Daniel, J B M (John Benjamin McIntyre)
- Date: 1972-06-13
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:613 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020682
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1972-06-13
- Authors: Daniel, J B M (John Benjamin McIntyre)
- Date: 1972-06-13
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:613 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020682
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1972-06-13
A study of the prevalence of refractive errors and of patients requring refractive services at 15 eye clinics in the Amathole, Chris Hani, Joe Gqabi and O. R. Tambo districts of the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Webber, Fiona
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Eye -- Refractive errors -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cataract -- Surgery -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Refractive keratoplasty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eye -- Diseases -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Optometry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eyeglasses -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11900 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001100 , Eye -- Refractive errors -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cataract -- Surgery -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Refractive keratoplasty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eye -- Diseases -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Optometry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eyeglasses -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: This is a study on the prevalence of refractive errors and patients requiring refractive services at 15 eye clinics in the Amathole, Chris Hani, Joe Gqabi and OR Tambo District Municipalities of the Eastern Cape. This is an area characterised by extreme poverty where the cost of an eye examination and prescription spectacles remains financially unobtainable for most. Optometry services are provided mainly by private optometrists who service the small proportion of the population that can afford them. Adults and children remain house bound or are labelled as dull and unproductive simply because they don’t have access to an eye examination and a pair of spectacles. Purpose The purpose of the study is to identify patients with refractive errors and those requiring refractive services at the 15 eye clinics in the Eastern Cape. Another purpose is to describe the refractive services that are available to patients attending health facilities, where the eye clinics are conducted. Lastly, the purpose is to explore the possibility of nurses providing refractive services independently or under the supervision of optometrists to supplement the lack to refracting and dispensing services. Study Method A quantitative and qualitative non-experimental descriptive design was used. Research involved the analysis of Vision Care’s eye clinic records collected from 15 eye clinics from January 2010-June 2010. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 nurses working at the 15 health facilities where the eye clinics were conducted using purposive sampling. The quantitative data was analysed using excel spreadsheets and graphs and qualitative data was analysed using coding and categorizing methods. Conclusion According to Vision Care’s data of the patients assessed, 19.2 percent had a refractive error and 54 percent of the patients required refractive services. It is estimated that 71.41 percent of the patients had a refractive error according to the optometrist. Although there were some organisations active in the eradication of cataracts, there was little healthcare available in the form of refraction services. xiv Patients needed to travel an average of 63.8kms to access refraction services against the backdrop of poor roads, poverty and unemployment. 28 out of 30 nurses either ‘strongly agreed’ or ‘agreed’ that nurses could be trained to perform refractions and dispense spectacles. 29 out of 30 nurses thought that this would have a positive impact on eye care. Further research is necessary to assess the feasibility of implementing a nurse operated refractive program and whether it should be within their scope of practice to refract and dispense spectacles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Webber, Fiona
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Eye -- Refractive errors -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cataract -- Surgery -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Refractive keratoplasty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eye -- Diseases -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Optometry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eyeglasses -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11900 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001100 , Eye -- Refractive errors -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cataract -- Surgery -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Refractive keratoplasty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Community health services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eye -- Diseases -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Optometry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Eyeglasses -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: This is a study on the prevalence of refractive errors and patients requiring refractive services at 15 eye clinics in the Amathole, Chris Hani, Joe Gqabi and OR Tambo District Municipalities of the Eastern Cape. This is an area characterised by extreme poverty where the cost of an eye examination and prescription spectacles remains financially unobtainable for most. Optometry services are provided mainly by private optometrists who service the small proportion of the population that can afford them. Adults and children remain house bound or are labelled as dull and unproductive simply because they don’t have access to an eye examination and a pair of spectacles. Purpose The purpose of the study is to identify patients with refractive errors and those requiring refractive services at the 15 eye clinics in the Eastern Cape. Another purpose is to describe the refractive services that are available to patients attending health facilities, where the eye clinics are conducted. Lastly, the purpose is to explore the possibility of nurses providing refractive services independently or under the supervision of optometrists to supplement the lack to refracting and dispensing services. Study Method A quantitative and qualitative non-experimental descriptive design was used. Research involved the analysis of Vision Care’s eye clinic records collected from 15 eye clinics from January 2010-June 2010. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 nurses working at the 15 health facilities where the eye clinics were conducted using purposive sampling. The quantitative data was analysed using excel spreadsheets and graphs and qualitative data was analysed using coding and categorizing methods. Conclusion According to Vision Care’s data of the patients assessed, 19.2 percent had a refractive error and 54 percent of the patients required refractive services. It is estimated that 71.41 percent of the patients had a refractive error according to the optometrist. Although there were some organisations active in the eradication of cataracts, there was little healthcare available in the form of refraction services. xiv Patients needed to travel an average of 63.8kms to access refraction services against the backdrop of poor roads, poverty and unemployment. 28 out of 30 nurses either ‘strongly agreed’ or ‘agreed’ that nurses could be trained to perform refractions and dispense spectacles. 29 out of 30 nurses thought that this would have a positive impact on eye care. Further research is necessary to assess the feasibility of implementing a nurse operated refractive program and whether it should be within their scope of practice to refract and dispense spectacles.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Leadership development within a learner representative council: a Namibian primary school case study
- Authors: Tjihuro, Jaqueline
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: School management and organization Namibia , Educational leadership Namibia , Student participation in administration Namibia , Student government Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61558 , vital:28036
- Description: Learners in Namibian primary schools are seemingly not brave enough to stand and raise their voice on issues that concern them. This is what Shekupakela-Nelulu (2008) wrote after a study she conducted on the Learners’ Representative Council (LRC) of a school in Namibia. She refers to a time when “the involvement of students in school affairs was seen by the regime as a political act and attempts by student leaders to involve themselves in educational issues were often quashed” (ibid., p. i). This situation will be all too familiar to South African readers, where a public holiday, Youth Day, was declared to mark the apartheid regime’s brutal treatment of learner protestors on June 16, 1976. While Namibia has not experienced events of such magnitude, the notion of learner voice is equally problematic and worthy of investigation. The absence of leadership development opportunities for learners has led to this research study which seeks to answer the central research question: How can learner leadership be developed in a LRC? I used an interpretive paradigm, adopting a qualitative approach in the study. Concurrently, the study was framed and guided by the second generation of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as an analytical tool to achieve my research goal. The following questions guided the study in two phases. Phase one: What were the perceived causes for the nonsustainability of the learner leadership (LL) club at the school? Phase two: How is the notion of learner leadership understood in the school? How is leadership developed on the LRC? What enables and constrains leadership development of learners on the LRC? The research participants were thirty LRC members from grades 6 and 7 and15 teachers who teach the LRC members. The principal and three HOD’s were also research participants being part of the Senior Management team. One of the HOD’s also fulfils the role of the guardian teacher to the LRC. A school board chairperson also participated in the Change Laboratory Workshop. Data was generated through multiple data sources such as questionnaires, individual interviews, a focus group interview and observation. The findings from phase one of the study revealed that the learner leadership club’s intervention was a success during the 2014 academic year, but the absence of the learner leadership club as an extra-mural activity affected the sustainability of the club into the next academic year 2015. Findings from phase two revealed that leadership opportunities did exist at the school for learner leadership development. However, a few challenges emerged relating to traditional views of leadership and constraining factors that could affect learner leadership development at the school. Thus, Change Laboratory workshops were held to find solutions to the challenges, in order to promote and enhance learner leadership development, hopefully for the future of the Namibian child.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Leadership development within a learner representative council: a Namibian primary school case study
- Authors: Tjihuro, Jaqueline
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: School management and organization Namibia , Educational leadership Namibia , Student participation in administration Namibia , Student government Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61558 , vital:28036
- Description: Learners in Namibian primary schools are seemingly not brave enough to stand and raise their voice on issues that concern them. This is what Shekupakela-Nelulu (2008) wrote after a study she conducted on the Learners’ Representative Council (LRC) of a school in Namibia. She refers to a time when “the involvement of students in school affairs was seen by the regime as a political act and attempts by student leaders to involve themselves in educational issues were often quashed” (ibid., p. i). This situation will be all too familiar to South African readers, where a public holiday, Youth Day, was declared to mark the apartheid regime’s brutal treatment of learner protestors on June 16, 1976. While Namibia has not experienced events of such magnitude, the notion of learner voice is equally problematic and worthy of investigation. The absence of leadership development opportunities for learners has led to this research study which seeks to answer the central research question: How can learner leadership be developed in a LRC? I used an interpretive paradigm, adopting a qualitative approach in the study. Concurrently, the study was framed and guided by the second generation of Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as an analytical tool to achieve my research goal. The following questions guided the study in two phases. Phase one: What were the perceived causes for the nonsustainability of the learner leadership (LL) club at the school? Phase two: How is the notion of learner leadership understood in the school? How is leadership developed on the LRC? What enables and constrains leadership development of learners on the LRC? The research participants were thirty LRC members from grades 6 and 7 and15 teachers who teach the LRC members. The principal and three HOD’s were also research participants being part of the Senior Management team. One of the HOD’s also fulfils the role of the guardian teacher to the LRC. A school board chairperson also participated in the Change Laboratory Workshop. Data was generated through multiple data sources such as questionnaires, individual interviews, a focus group interview and observation. The findings from phase one of the study revealed that the learner leadership club’s intervention was a success during the 2014 academic year, but the absence of the learner leadership club as an extra-mural activity affected the sustainability of the club into the next academic year 2015. Findings from phase two revealed that leadership opportunities did exist at the school for learner leadership development. However, a few challenges emerged relating to traditional views of leadership and constraining factors that could affect learner leadership development at the school. Thus, Change Laboratory workshops were held to find solutions to the challenges, in order to promote and enhance learner leadership development, hopefully for the future of the Namibian child.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Investigating combinations of feature extraction and classification for improved image-based multimodal biometric systems at the feature level
- Authors: Brown, Dane
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63470 , vital:28414
- Description: Multimodal biometrics has become a popular means of overcoming the limitations of unimodal biometric systems. However, the rich information particular to the feature level is of a complex nature and leveraging its potential without overfitting a classifier is not well studied. This research investigates feature-classifier combinations on the fingerprint, face, palmprint, and iris modalities to effectively fuse their feature vectors for a complementary result. The effects of different feature-classifier combinations are thus isolated to identify novel or improved algorithms. A new face segmentation algorithm is shown to increase consistency in nominal and extreme scenarios. Moreover, two novel feature extraction techniques demonstrate better adaptation to dynamic lighting conditions, while reducing feature dimensionality to the benefit of classifiers. A comprehensive set of unimodal experiments are carried out to evaluate both verification and identification performance on a variety of datasets using four classifiers, namely Eigen, Fisher, Local Binary Pattern Histogram and linear Support Vector Machine on various feature extraction methods. The recognition performance of the proposed algorithms are shown to outperform the vast majority of related studies, when using the same dataset under the same test conditions. In the unimodal comparisons presented, the proposed approaches outperform existing systems even when given a handicap such as fewer training samples or data with a greater number of classes. A separate comprehensive set of experiments on feature fusion show that combining modality data provides a substantial increase in accuracy, with only a few exceptions that occur when differences in the image data quality of two modalities are substantial. However, when two poor quality datasets are fused, noticeable gains in recognition performance are realized when using the novel feature extraction approach. Finally, feature-fusion guidelines are proposed to provide the necessary insight to leverage the rich information effectively when fusing multiple biometric modalities at the feature level. These guidelines serve as the foundation to better understand and construct biometric systems that are effective in a variety of applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Brown, Dane
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63470 , vital:28414
- Description: Multimodal biometrics has become a popular means of overcoming the limitations of unimodal biometric systems. However, the rich information particular to the feature level is of a complex nature and leveraging its potential without overfitting a classifier is not well studied. This research investigates feature-classifier combinations on the fingerprint, face, palmprint, and iris modalities to effectively fuse their feature vectors for a complementary result. The effects of different feature-classifier combinations are thus isolated to identify novel or improved algorithms. A new face segmentation algorithm is shown to increase consistency in nominal and extreme scenarios. Moreover, two novel feature extraction techniques demonstrate better adaptation to dynamic lighting conditions, while reducing feature dimensionality to the benefit of classifiers. A comprehensive set of unimodal experiments are carried out to evaluate both verification and identification performance on a variety of datasets using four classifiers, namely Eigen, Fisher, Local Binary Pattern Histogram and linear Support Vector Machine on various feature extraction methods. The recognition performance of the proposed algorithms are shown to outperform the vast majority of related studies, when using the same dataset under the same test conditions. In the unimodal comparisons presented, the proposed approaches outperform existing systems even when given a handicap such as fewer training samples or data with a greater number of classes. A separate comprehensive set of experiments on feature fusion show that combining modality data provides a substantial increase in accuracy, with only a few exceptions that occur when differences in the image data quality of two modalities are substantial. However, when two poor quality datasets are fused, noticeable gains in recognition performance are realized when using the novel feature extraction approach. Finally, feature-fusion guidelines are proposed to provide the necessary insight to leverage the rich information effectively when fusing multiple biometric modalities at the feature level. These guidelines serve as the foundation to better understand and construct biometric systems that are effective in a variety of applications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
An exploration of leadership development in a learner representative structure in a secondary school, Oshana Region, Namibia
- Kadhepa-Kandjengo, Selma Ndeyapo
- Authors: Kadhepa-Kandjengo, Selma Ndeyapo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: School management and organization -- Namibia , Educational leadership -- Namibia , Education, Secondary -- Namibia , Student government -- Namibia , Student participation in administration -- Namibia , Cultural Historical Activity Theory
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62450 , vital:28193
- Description: Before independence, Namibia inherited a system of Bantu education which was hierarchical, authoritarian and non-democratic. Upon independence, the educational sector went through numerous reforms which were meant to transform education and to make it more democratic, whereby all stakeholders can broadly participate. In spite of these reforms, leadership of schools has remained a hierarchical system, where a principal who, as an individual, runs the school without recognition of the potential leadership of others. Recent studies on leadership have called for shared leadership, whereby leadership is a practice, permeable to learner leaders and not associated with individuals. This research study aims to explore learner leadership development in the Learner Representative Council (LRC) structure at a secondary school in Namibia. The motivation of this research study was twofold - firstly, my personal interest in learner leadership was aroused by my teaching experience. The second reason was due to my realisation that the area was under-researched in Namibia, hence I wanted to fill the existing gap on learner leadership. The study critically engaged learners and teachers to help me get an understanding of learner leadership and the factors enabling learner leadership development. I also found that challenges which resulted in contradictions, hampered leadership development. The study took an interventionist approach and second generation Cultural Historical Activity Theory was used to surface tensions and contradictions affecting learner leadership development. Change Laboratory workshops enabled the expansive learning process with the 12 LRC members. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, observation, document analysis and journaling. The study found that learner leadership was understood more in terms of traditional views of leadership, whereby a learner needed to possess certain qualities in order to lead. The findings further pointed out that the LRC members were mainly involved in managerial roles and not really leadership roles, as such, and they were not involved in decision-making at the school. Although provision for the LRC body is made in an Educational Act, historical and cultural forces account for teachers’ reluctance to support the LRC members, as well as for silence of learner voice. I hope that findings from this research study strengthen learner leadership structures in schools and contribute to the creation of knowledge on learner leadership in Namibia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kadhepa-Kandjengo, Selma Ndeyapo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: School management and organization -- Namibia , Educational leadership -- Namibia , Education, Secondary -- Namibia , Student government -- Namibia , Student participation in administration -- Namibia , Cultural Historical Activity Theory
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62450 , vital:28193
- Description: Before independence, Namibia inherited a system of Bantu education which was hierarchical, authoritarian and non-democratic. Upon independence, the educational sector went through numerous reforms which were meant to transform education and to make it more democratic, whereby all stakeholders can broadly participate. In spite of these reforms, leadership of schools has remained a hierarchical system, where a principal who, as an individual, runs the school without recognition of the potential leadership of others. Recent studies on leadership have called for shared leadership, whereby leadership is a practice, permeable to learner leaders and not associated with individuals. This research study aims to explore learner leadership development in the Learner Representative Council (LRC) structure at a secondary school in Namibia. The motivation of this research study was twofold - firstly, my personal interest in learner leadership was aroused by my teaching experience. The second reason was due to my realisation that the area was under-researched in Namibia, hence I wanted to fill the existing gap on learner leadership. The study critically engaged learners and teachers to help me get an understanding of learner leadership and the factors enabling learner leadership development. I also found that challenges which resulted in contradictions, hampered leadership development. The study took an interventionist approach and second generation Cultural Historical Activity Theory was used to surface tensions and contradictions affecting learner leadership development. Change Laboratory workshops enabled the expansive learning process with the 12 LRC members. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, observation, document analysis and journaling. The study found that learner leadership was understood more in terms of traditional views of leadership, whereby a learner needed to possess certain qualities in order to lead. The findings further pointed out that the LRC members were mainly involved in managerial roles and not really leadership roles, as such, and they were not involved in decision-making at the school. Although provision for the LRC body is made in an Educational Act, historical and cultural forces account for teachers’ reluctance to support the LRC members, as well as for silence of learner voice. I hope that findings from this research study strengthen learner leadership structures in schools and contribute to the creation of knowledge on learner leadership in Namibia.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Maputo declaration on the textiles, clothing and leather industries
- Authors: Worker representatives
- Date: 1999?
- Subjects: Clothing trade , Textile industry , Leather industry and trade , Complaints (Civil procedure)
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76004 , vital:30491
- Description: The massive job losses and factory closures in the clothing, textiles and leather industries in almost all countries in the region. The low wages that continue in our industries, resulting in a low and, in many instances, declining standard of living of workers. The crisis which face unemployed workers who have no income, no social security net, and no immediate prospect of a job. It is a fundamental responsibility of governments in the region to work with trade unions and employers in order to develop appropriate policies to secure a future for the industries and to improve the conditions of workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999?
- Authors: Worker representatives
- Date: 1999?
- Subjects: Clothing trade , Textile industry , Leather industry and trade , Complaints (Civil procedure)
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76004 , vital:30491
- Description: The massive job losses and factory closures in the clothing, textiles and leather industries in almost all countries in the region. The low wages that continue in our industries, resulting in a low and, in many instances, declining standard of living of workers. The crisis which face unemployed workers who have no income, no social security net, and no immediate prospect of a job. It is a fundamental responsibility of governments in the region to work with trade unions and employers in order to develop appropriate policies to secure a future for the industries and to improve the conditions of workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999?