Parental mental health and perceived parenting of children with disruptive behaviour disorders
- Authors: Ligthelm, Elizabeth
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Mentally ill -- Family relationships , Mental illness -- Physiological aspects , Behavior disorders in children , Parenting -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9957 , http://hdl/handle.net/10948/d1020034
- Description: Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) in children are among the most common referrals to mental health services and can lead to adverse psychosocial outcomes. There is consistent evidence that dysfunctional parenting, which has been associated with parental psychopathology, is a risk factor for the onset of these disorders. Yet, few studies have explored a wide range of parental pathology and parenting behaviours as well as perceptions of mental health and parenting of the parents of children with DBDs. This study, which took the form of a multiple case study, aimed to explore and describe the mental health and parenting of parents of pre-adolescent and adolescent children with DBDs. It also aimed to explore and describe parental perceptions of their own mental health and parenting and how (or if) they perceive their mental health as influencing their parenting. Purposive sampling was used to select participants and the sample size was determined through data saturation. Data was collected via the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and a semi-structured interview. Thematic content analysis and cross-case synthesis were used to analyse the data. The participants’ personality profiles indicated the presence of moderate to severe pathology including personality disorders and clinical disorders. Parenting themes that emerged included a number of dysfunctional parenting behaviours. The parents showed an awareness of their mental health and perceived it as influencing their parenting. This study emphasised the importance of exploring mental health and parenting interventions for parents of children with DBDs. The biggest limitations of this study was the small sample size.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Ligthelm, Elizabeth
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Mentally ill -- Family relationships , Mental illness -- Physiological aspects , Behavior disorders in children , Parenting -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9957 , http://hdl/handle.net/10948/d1020034
- Description: Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) in children are among the most common referrals to mental health services and can lead to adverse psychosocial outcomes. There is consistent evidence that dysfunctional parenting, which has been associated with parental psychopathology, is a risk factor for the onset of these disorders. Yet, few studies have explored a wide range of parental pathology and parenting behaviours as well as perceptions of mental health and parenting of the parents of children with DBDs. This study, which took the form of a multiple case study, aimed to explore and describe the mental health and parenting of parents of pre-adolescent and adolescent children with DBDs. It also aimed to explore and describe parental perceptions of their own mental health and parenting and how (or if) they perceive their mental health as influencing their parenting. Purposive sampling was used to select participants and the sample size was determined through data saturation. Data was collected via the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and a semi-structured interview. Thematic content analysis and cross-case synthesis were used to analyse the data. The participants’ personality profiles indicated the presence of moderate to severe pathology including personality disorders and clinical disorders. Parenting themes that emerged included a number of dysfunctional parenting behaviours. The parents showed an awareness of their mental health and perceived it as influencing their parenting. This study emphasised the importance of exploring mental health and parenting interventions for parents of children with DBDs. The biggest limitations of this study was the small sample size.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast in rural Mozambique: a case study of two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs)
- Authors: Fuel, Isaias Carlos
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Radio in community development -- Mozambique Radio broadcasting -- Mozambique Radio stations -- Mozambique Digital media -- Mozambique Rural development -- Mozambique Agriculture -- Mozambique
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3505 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007240
- Description: The wealth of information available on the Internet holds the potential to aid development in Africa. In order to be effective, such information needs to be contextualised to respond to local needs and practices. The combination of old and new media can support uptake and improve acceptance of new technologies in developing countries. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast via community radio in the two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs) of Namaacha and Murrombene, in rural Mozambique. The data was generated from focus group discussion, individual interview, document analysis, and observation involving farmers and radio presenters. The study has shown that on-line agricultural information responds to the needs of the farmers because it contributes to eliminate pests and help farmers to make decisions about their activities. The study has also shown that there is a communication gap between farmers, extension workers, and volunteer reporters working at the community radios of the two CMCs. Volunteers have no agricultural knowledge. The problem this creates manifests itself primarily when they try to translate on-line agricultural information from Portuguese into local languages. Farmers have difficulties expressing their problems. Extension workers are not available to act as experts and mediators between volunteers and farmers. A collaborative website focusing on locally relevant content was suggested as a possible improvement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Fuel, Isaias Carlos
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Radio in community development -- Mozambique Radio broadcasting -- Mozambique Radio stations -- Mozambique Digital media -- Mozambique Rural development -- Mozambique Agriculture -- Mozambique
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3505 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007240
- Description: The wealth of information available on the Internet holds the potential to aid development in Africa. In order to be effective, such information needs to be contextualised to respond to local needs and practices. The combination of old and new media can support uptake and improve acceptance of new technologies in developing countries. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast via community radio in the two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs) of Namaacha and Murrombene, in rural Mozambique. The data was generated from focus group discussion, individual interview, document analysis, and observation involving farmers and radio presenters. The study has shown that on-line agricultural information responds to the needs of the farmers because it contributes to eliminate pests and help farmers to make decisions about their activities. The study has also shown that there is a communication gap between farmers, extension workers, and volunteer reporters working at the community radios of the two CMCs. Volunteers have no agricultural knowledge. The problem this creates manifests itself primarily when they try to translate on-line agricultural information from Portuguese into local languages. Farmers have difficulties expressing their problems. Extension workers are not available to act as experts and mediators between volunteers and farmers. A collaborative website focusing on locally relevant content was suggested as a possible improvement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Perceptions of organisations on how the ward committee impacts on their participation on environmental sustainability in Ward 5 Knysna Municipality
- Authors: Boyce, Marlene
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Knysna , Economic development -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa -- Knysna , Local government -- South Africa -- Knysna
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9199 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020393
- Description: This guided research report presents the findings of a study on how conservancies perceive the impact of the ward committee on their participation. The research was conducted with the objective of gaining insight into participation in sustainable development in Ward 5 in Knysna Municipality. The study was qualitative and involved a mix of methods including interviews, a survey and documentary review. The analysis shows that the impact of the ward committee on participation is indirect, in that there is a rigid approach to participation by the municipality which focusses only on participation through the ward committees. A change in paradigm that will extend the participation space and accommodate changing media in communication is recommended. The research results will be shared with all the stakeholders in this particular participation relationship, with the view to enhancing participation in sustainable development issues in the ward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Boyce, Marlene
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Knysna , Economic development -- Environmental aspects -- South Africa -- Knysna , Local government -- South Africa -- Knysna
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9199 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020393
- Description: This guided research report presents the findings of a study on how conservancies perceive the impact of the ward committee on their participation. The research was conducted with the objective of gaining insight into participation in sustainable development in Ward 5 in Knysna Municipality. The study was qualitative and involved a mix of methods including interviews, a survey and documentary review. The analysis shows that the impact of the ward committee on participation is indirect, in that there is a rigid approach to participation by the municipality which focusses only on participation through the ward committees. A change in paradigm that will extend the participation space and accommodate changing media in communication is recommended. The research results will be shared with all the stakeholders in this particular participation relationship, with the view to enhancing participation in sustainable development issues in the ward.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Perceptions of the doctors working in labour wards related to the use of cardiotocograph as an intrapartum monitoring tool
- Authors: Mabenge, Mfundiso Samson
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Fetal heart rate monitoring , Labor (Obstetrics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10061 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020345
- Description: Monitoring of women in labour is an important aspect of the practice of the health care professionals working in the labour ward. The pregnancy of a woman mightappear to be normal but it is not possible to predict the positive outcome of labour until the baby is born because foetal distress can occur suddenly or other problems can arise during the course of labour. Doctors need to closely monitor the progress of labour of all the women regardless of whether he pregnancy is rated low risk or not. The use of Cardiotocography (CTG) during labour thus becomes critical. In the current study the perceptions of the doctors working in labour ward units will be explored and described in order to recommend activities that could optimize the use of CTG by doctors as an intrapartum monitoring tool. A qualitative research design will be used and the data collection method will be by means of semi-structured audio-taped one-on-one interviews.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Mabenge, Mfundiso Samson
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Fetal heart rate monitoring , Labor (Obstetrics)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10061 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020345
- Description: Monitoring of women in labour is an important aspect of the practice of the health care professionals working in the labour ward. The pregnancy of a woman mightappear to be normal but it is not possible to predict the positive outcome of labour until the baby is born because foetal distress can occur suddenly or other problems can arise during the course of labour. Doctors need to closely monitor the progress of labour of all the women regardless of whether he pregnancy is rated low risk or not. The use of Cardiotocography (CTG) during labour thus becomes critical. In the current study the perceptions of the doctors working in labour ward units will be explored and described in order to recommend activities that could optimize the use of CTG by doctors as an intrapartum monitoring tool. A qualitative research design will be used and the data collection method will be by means of semi-structured audio-taped one-on-one interviews.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Physical activity and other selected health promoting behaviours of university students living with HIV
- Authors: Kock, Sue-Anne Claire
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Exercise- health aspects , Health promotion -- students
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10108 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020119
- Description: Southern Africa has the highest prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in the world. With a high prevalence of HIV, as well as a rising incidence of chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDLs), South Africa is faced with the dual burden of infectious diseases and CDLs. Health promoting behaviours (HPBs), including physical activity (PA), maintaining good nutrition and taking responsibility for personal health, play an important role in managing the symptoms of HIV infection and the side effects of antiretroviral (ARV) use. Additionally HPBs improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Furthermore, research indicates that HPBs should be encouraged among university students as they will become the future decision and policy makers in their places of employment. This study sought to determine the PA levels, HPBs and HRQOL of university students living with HIV, in order to better promote PA participation and HPBs in this population. Additionally, participants‘ perceptions of and attitudes towards exercise participation were investigated, as were barriers that mitigated against PA participation and HPBs. This study was exploratory-descriptive in nature and utilised a mixed methods design. The University Campus Health Clinic (CHC) staff recruited 29 HIV positive students (HIVPS) between the ages of 18 and 25 through purposive sampling. In the quantitative portion of the study the HIVPS completed a demographic questionnaire as well as three self-administered questionnaires, namely: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (version 2, HPLP-II) and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF) to determine PA levels, health-promoting lifestyle behaviours and HRQOL, respectively. Height and weight, as well as the most recent CD4 count were also recorded.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Kock, Sue-Anne Claire
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Exercise- health aspects , Health promotion -- students
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10108 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020119
- Description: Southern Africa has the highest prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in the world. With a high prevalence of HIV, as well as a rising incidence of chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDLs), South Africa is faced with the dual burden of infectious diseases and CDLs. Health promoting behaviours (HPBs), including physical activity (PA), maintaining good nutrition and taking responsibility for personal health, play an important role in managing the symptoms of HIV infection and the side effects of antiretroviral (ARV) use. Additionally HPBs improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Furthermore, research indicates that HPBs should be encouraged among university students as they will become the future decision and policy makers in their places of employment. This study sought to determine the PA levels, HPBs and HRQOL of university students living with HIV, in order to better promote PA participation and HPBs in this population. Additionally, participants‘ perceptions of and attitudes towards exercise participation were investigated, as were barriers that mitigated against PA participation and HPBs. This study was exploratory-descriptive in nature and utilised a mixed methods design. The University Campus Health Clinic (CHC) staff recruited 29 HIV positive students (HIVPS) between the ages of 18 and 25 through purposive sampling. In the quantitative portion of the study the HIVPS completed a demographic questionnaire as well as three self-administered questionnaires, namely: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (version 2, HPLP-II) and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF) to determine PA levels, health-promoting lifestyle behaviours and HRQOL, respectively. Height and weight, as well as the most recent CD4 count were also recorded.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Places to look for m/other-heterodox discourse on gender among contemporary chinese women: a cross-cultural feminist approach
- Authors: Lotter, Casper
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Women's studies -- China , Popular culture -- China , Sex role -- China
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:16153 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020099
- Description: This study proceeds on the assumption that maternal discourse in the West, according to Kristeva, is repressed, which has resulted in the serious fracture of the mother-daughter relationship and seeks to isolate a restorative model in contemporary Chinese culture. Chapter One explores the feminist claim that this fractured relationship is the result of patriarchal oppressions (and the cause of twice as many women than men suffering depression) and attempts to reconcile feminist psychology with Kristeva‟s thesis that abjection per se is the cause of widespread depression among women. The next chapter delineates the features of a cross-cultural feminist analysis, which includes exploring notions of Foucaultian and Lacanian discourse, by situating gender as a tool within the context of feminist and postcolonial perspectives. An argument is made that cinema is a privileged site to cull material from which to probe discourses on m/other and the thesis of a sunken maternal metaphor across all cinematic genres is demonstrated. Contemporary Chinese culture is scrutinized for possibly curative discourses and Bourdieu‟s idea of „rebel‟ and „orthodox‟ discourse models is employed to this end. After finding dominant discourse on gender in contemporary Chinese societies unsatisfactory for this purpose, I examine three contemporary Chinese films, with Gong Li as the female lead, in which I unearth two rebel discourses on m/otherhood. I argue that men and boys need to be encouraged to develop their aptitude and skills to nurture and care. This will allow women much needed space and time to come to terms with themselves and their own needs. In short, women and especially m/others, worn-out from guilt and expectations, are desperate for nurturance themselves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Lotter, Casper
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Women's studies -- China , Popular culture -- China , Sex role -- China
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:16153 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020099
- Description: This study proceeds on the assumption that maternal discourse in the West, according to Kristeva, is repressed, which has resulted in the serious fracture of the mother-daughter relationship and seeks to isolate a restorative model in contemporary Chinese culture. Chapter One explores the feminist claim that this fractured relationship is the result of patriarchal oppressions (and the cause of twice as many women than men suffering depression) and attempts to reconcile feminist psychology with Kristeva‟s thesis that abjection per se is the cause of widespread depression among women. The next chapter delineates the features of a cross-cultural feminist analysis, which includes exploring notions of Foucaultian and Lacanian discourse, by situating gender as a tool within the context of feminist and postcolonial perspectives. An argument is made that cinema is a privileged site to cull material from which to probe discourses on m/other and the thesis of a sunken maternal metaphor across all cinematic genres is demonstrated. Contemporary Chinese culture is scrutinized for possibly curative discourses and Bourdieu‟s idea of „rebel‟ and „orthodox‟ discourse models is employed to this end. After finding dominant discourse on gender in contemporary Chinese societies unsatisfactory for this purpose, I examine three contemporary Chinese films, with Gong Li as the female lead, in which I unearth two rebel discourses on m/otherhood. I argue that men and boys need to be encouraged to develop their aptitude and skills to nurture and care. This will allow women much needed space and time to come to terms with themselves and their own needs. In short, women and especially m/others, worn-out from guilt and expectations, are desperate for nurturance themselves.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Planting season
- Authors: Ntabajyana, Sylvestre
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: South African poetry (English)--21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) , English language--Writing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5968 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002014
- Description: In this thesis I present a collection of semi-narrative poems about a rural Africa that is a place of folk-lore and tradition, but also a place of otherworldly, almost grotesque, incident. My characters are, similarly, range in type, from buskers, to guards, school-children, paupers and tycoons. Through the work a place that is both familiar and unknown, common-place and mysterious, emerge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Ntabajyana, Sylvestre
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: South African poetry (English)--21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) , English language--Writing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5968 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002014
- Description: In this thesis I present a collection of semi-narrative poems about a rural Africa that is a place of folk-lore and tradition, but also a place of otherworldly, almost grotesque, incident. My characters are, similarly, range in type, from buskers, to guards, school-children, paupers and tycoons. Through the work a place that is both familiar and unknown, common-place and mysterious, emerge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Portfolio
- Hogge, Quentin Edward Somerville
- Authors: Hogge, Quentin Edward Somerville
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Poetry , Post-apartheid , Environment , South African poetry (English) -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) , English language -- Writing
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5963 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001813
- Description: My initial intention is to try to show how, as a poet in South Africa, I suffer from a creative identity crisis. I am a white English-speaking male. I live surrounded by isiXhosa-speaking people. Is my poetry, or will my poetry be, relevant in the ‘New’ South Africa? Is English, the language of the colonial oppressors, the appropriate medium in the post-apartheid milieu? Will my subject matter be relevant? These questions and my attempts at answering them, form the basis of the poetry and the portfolio that accompanies the poems. My absorption with finding a creative ‘voice’, my concerns with the environment and a questioning of what post-apartheid poetry should write about all seem a bit Quixotic, especially to me! But at another level, they are deeply serious. (p. 5.)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Hogge, Quentin Edward Somerville
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Poetry , Post-apartheid , Environment , South African poetry (English) -- 21st century , Creative writing (Higher education) , English language -- Writing
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:5963 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001813
- Description: My initial intention is to try to show how, as a poet in South Africa, I suffer from a creative identity crisis. I am a white English-speaking male. I live surrounded by isiXhosa-speaking people. Is my poetry, or will my poetry be, relevant in the ‘New’ South Africa? Is English, the language of the colonial oppressors, the appropriate medium in the post-apartheid milieu? Will my subject matter be relevant? These questions and my attempts at answering them, form the basis of the poetry and the portfolio that accompanies the poems. My absorption with finding a creative ‘voice’, my concerns with the environment and a questioning of what post-apartheid poetry should write about all seem a bit Quixotic, especially to me! But at another level, they are deeply serious. (p. 5.)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Possibilities for multilingualism: a critical case study with selected financial information systems (FIS) students
- Authors: Adams, Natalie
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Study and teaching -- Bilingual method , Education, Bilingual
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8367 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011052 , Language and languages -- Study and teaching -- Bilingual method , Education, Bilingual
- Description: This study aims at eliciting what shifts in term of multilingual possibilities can be detected in the language attitudes of first year National Diploma in Financial Information Systems students and their lectures. Qualitative methods are used: data is gathered using a questionnaire, 3 focus group discussions with students, interviews with 2 lecturers as well as an interview with language development practitioner. The questionnaire is modelled on attitudinal studies conducted at University of the Western Cape (Dyers 2001), University of Ford Hare (Dalwit 2001) and at Rhodes University (Aziakpono 2008). The questionnaire data, however, is only used a precursor to the study. The focuses of the study are the 3 focus group discussion and the semi structured interview with two lecturers and language development practitioner. The results of the snap shot questionnaire and first focus group discussion are similar to the three studies on language choices at Fort Hare, Rhodes and the University of the Western Cape respectively whereby students prefer English as the language of learning and teaching. The second focus group discussion is based on an article which students had to read. The article, Here, mother tongue clashes with her mother‟s tongue, focuses on the price that South African black children will pay for the constant erosion of African languages. The article‟s provocative focus challenges commonplace acceptance of English and so resonated with the students‟ exploration of multilingual possibilities. Focus group three revealed that students had experienced an attitudinal shift and realized the significance of mother tongue education as well as the importance of multilingual strategies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Adams, Natalie
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Study and teaching -- Bilingual method , Education, Bilingual
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8367 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011052 , Language and languages -- Study and teaching -- Bilingual method , Education, Bilingual
- Description: This study aims at eliciting what shifts in term of multilingual possibilities can be detected in the language attitudes of first year National Diploma in Financial Information Systems students and their lectures. Qualitative methods are used: data is gathered using a questionnaire, 3 focus group discussions with students, interviews with 2 lecturers as well as an interview with language development practitioner. The questionnaire is modelled on attitudinal studies conducted at University of the Western Cape (Dyers 2001), University of Ford Hare (Dalwit 2001) and at Rhodes University (Aziakpono 2008). The questionnaire data, however, is only used a precursor to the study. The focuses of the study are the 3 focus group discussion and the semi structured interview with two lecturers and language development practitioner. The results of the snap shot questionnaire and first focus group discussion are similar to the three studies on language choices at Fort Hare, Rhodes and the University of the Western Cape respectively whereby students prefer English as the language of learning and teaching. The second focus group discussion is based on an article which students had to read. The article, Here, mother tongue clashes with her mother‟s tongue, focuses on the price that South African black children will pay for the constant erosion of African languages. The article‟s provocative focus challenges commonplace acceptance of English and so resonated with the students‟ exploration of multilingual possibilities. Focus group three revealed that students had experienced an attitudinal shift and realized the significance of mother tongue education as well as the importance of multilingual strategies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Poverty alleviation programmes in selected towns of the Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality
- Authors: Mponya, Mahlomaholo Fred
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa , Economic assistance, Domestic -- South Africa , Economic development projects -- South Africa , Poor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9173 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020112
- Description: The period 1994 to 1999 saw the implementation of fundamental social and political change in South Africa. Social science literature suggests that such fundamental change increases the probability of civil conflict and strife, as some sectors of the population expect significant improvements in their position following the removal of economic and political barriers that previously inhibited their upward mobility. Other sectors are concerned about a possible decrease in their living standards of the erosion of their privileged position. Still others experience increased uncertainty, which in itself is associated with significant social change. It is significant to state that poverty in South Africa is intertwined with a host of social and economic issues. The burden of poverty is exacerbated by limited access to basic services, poor housing, limited employment opportunities and inadequate infrastructure, which are an outcome of the terrible legacies of apartheid. The South African government has set certain targets to reduce poverty by half by 2014, in line with its vision for 2014 and in line with its commitment to the Millennium Development Goals. In an endeavour to realise this commitment, the government has prioritised the improvement of service delivery as one of the indicators of progress. However, although the government has made improvements and attained some of its goals, it still needs to do more. With apartheid no longer in place as the system to blame for every grievance, other rifts may have developed in society and become grounds for mobilisation, Klandermans, B. et al. 2001. Mantsopa Local Municipality is not an exception to these developments and it faces a series of challenges. Despite nineteen years of democracy, poverty is still common in Mantsopa. Unemployment levels are high and many people depend on government old age pensions, seasonal farm work, minor-scale self-employment and part-time jobs for the survival of the entire household. These developments have led to the study of poverty alleviation programmes in selected towns of Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality. The researcher investigates these programmes through the analysis of secondary data.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Mponya, Mahlomaholo Fred
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa , Economic assistance, Domestic -- South Africa , Economic development projects -- South Africa , Poor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9173 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020112
- Description: The period 1994 to 1999 saw the implementation of fundamental social and political change in South Africa. Social science literature suggests that such fundamental change increases the probability of civil conflict and strife, as some sectors of the population expect significant improvements in their position following the removal of economic and political barriers that previously inhibited their upward mobility. Other sectors are concerned about a possible decrease in their living standards of the erosion of their privileged position. Still others experience increased uncertainty, which in itself is associated with significant social change. It is significant to state that poverty in South Africa is intertwined with a host of social and economic issues. The burden of poverty is exacerbated by limited access to basic services, poor housing, limited employment opportunities and inadequate infrastructure, which are an outcome of the terrible legacies of apartheid. The South African government has set certain targets to reduce poverty by half by 2014, in line with its vision for 2014 and in line with its commitment to the Millennium Development Goals. In an endeavour to realise this commitment, the government has prioritised the improvement of service delivery as one of the indicators of progress. However, although the government has made improvements and attained some of its goals, it still needs to do more. With apartheid no longer in place as the system to blame for every grievance, other rifts may have developed in society and become grounds for mobilisation, Klandermans, B. et al. 2001. Mantsopa Local Municipality is not an exception to these developments and it faces a series of challenges. Despite nineteen years of democracy, poverty is still common in Mantsopa. Unemployment levels are high and many people depend on government old age pensions, seasonal farm work, minor-scale self-employment and part-time jobs for the survival of the entire household. These developments have led to the study of poverty alleviation programmes in selected towns of Thabo Mofutsanyane District Municipality. The researcher investigates these programmes through the analysis of secondary data.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Poverty alleviation through empowerment and participation: the Seki Women's Foundation
- Authors: Lawrence, Yolisa Innocentia
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Economic assistance, Domestic -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Community development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Poverty -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9160 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020020
- Description: As poverty alleviation projects are being established in communities in order to reduce the impact of unemployment, crime, and inequality as well as other factors propagating poverty, numerous projects fail to democratically meet the needs of the poor majority. Development initiatives brought forth by government and non-governmental organisations, which adopt a top-down approach in order to accelerate development, do not always have a positive effect on the community, especially on the poor majority, which development is meant to empower and benefit. This results in the short life span of the project and leads the community into immense poverty. Thus, the focus of this research paper was to evaluate the extent to which poverty alleviation projects such as the Seki Women’s Foundation, contribute towards the alleviation of poverty in its community, located in New Brighton, Port Elizabeth. This evaluation study focused more on aspects of development concerning community participation, empowerment through skills training and project sustainability. The objectives of the study were to investigate the values, aims and objectives of the Seki Women’s Foundation; how these values, aims and objectives were fulfilled; the challenges faced by the project towards effective community development and the determinants of the long-term sustainability of the project. The research study adopted a qualitative approach, which allowed the researcher to collect meaningful knowledge from the volunteers and stakeholders by conducting semi-structured interviews and a focus group which were guided by open-ended questions. The data was thematically analysed where important concepts were coded in order to obtain accurate information so that valid results could be reached. The main findings of the research study suggested that the contribution made by the Seki Women’s Foundation towards poverty alleviation and community development is to empower the volunteers and community through skills training in baking, gardening and sewing. The volunteers share these skills amongst community members, enabling them to be self-sufficient and implement the skills in their own surroundings. The project builds strong partnerships with the stakeholders by being accountable and transparent about the utilisation of funds through report formulation. Although the project implements some principles of community development, the full participation of volunteers in the development process remains a concern, especially in decision making. The challenges faced by the project are concerned with burglary of clothing containers, stealing of vegetation and garden tools and the community not buying the products sold by the project. The research study recommends that the volunteers reason with the community and instil trust and honesty to avoid crime. The project should instil authentic participation in all development processes and form a partnership with local shops in convincing them to sell their produce as this will allow some income to generate within the project and community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Lawrence, Yolisa Innocentia
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Economic assistance, Domestic -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Community development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Poverty -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9160 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020020
- Description: As poverty alleviation projects are being established in communities in order to reduce the impact of unemployment, crime, and inequality as well as other factors propagating poverty, numerous projects fail to democratically meet the needs of the poor majority. Development initiatives brought forth by government and non-governmental organisations, which adopt a top-down approach in order to accelerate development, do not always have a positive effect on the community, especially on the poor majority, which development is meant to empower and benefit. This results in the short life span of the project and leads the community into immense poverty. Thus, the focus of this research paper was to evaluate the extent to which poverty alleviation projects such as the Seki Women’s Foundation, contribute towards the alleviation of poverty in its community, located in New Brighton, Port Elizabeth. This evaluation study focused more on aspects of development concerning community participation, empowerment through skills training and project sustainability. The objectives of the study were to investigate the values, aims and objectives of the Seki Women’s Foundation; how these values, aims and objectives were fulfilled; the challenges faced by the project towards effective community development and the determinants of the long-term sustainability of the project. The research study adopted a qualitative approach, which allowed the researcher to collect meaningful knowledge from the volunteers and stakeholders by conducting semi-structured interviews and a focus group which were guided by open-ended questions. The data was thematically analysed where important concepts were coded in order to obtain accurate information so that valid results could be reached. The main findings of the research study suggested that the contribution made by the Seki Women’s Foundation towards poverty alleviation and community development is to empower the volunteers and community through skills training in baking, gardening and sewing. The volunteers share these skills amongst community members, enabling them to be self-sufficient and implement the skills in their own surroundings. The project builds strong partnerships with the stakeholders by being accountable and transparent about the utilisation of funds through report formulation. Although the project implements some principles of community development, the full participation of volunteers in the development process remains a concern, especially in decision making. The challenges faced by the project are concerned with burglary of clothing containers, stealing of vegetation and garden tools and the community not buying the products sold by the project. The research study recommends that the volunteers reason with the community and instil trust and honesty to avoid crime. The project should instil authentic participation in all development processes and form a partnership with local shops in convincing them to sell their produce as this will allow some income to generate within the project and community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Preliminary normative indications for Xhosa speaking unskilled workers on the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test
- De Kock, Heinrich Karl Theodor
- Authors: De Kock, Heinrich Karl Theodor
- Date: 2013 , 2013-08-26
- Subjects: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test Educational tests and measurements Xhosa (African people) -- Education Neuropsychological tests -- Cross-cultural studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3130 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006476
- Description: The aim of this study was to establish preliminary normative indications for Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test administered in English on a non-clinical population of Xhosa, unskilled workers (N = 33). The population has a history of relatively poor quality education and has received no tertiary education. The sample was stratified into two age grouping (18 – 29 and 30 – 40 years). Both sex and level of education were equally distributed within these age groupings. Within-sample statistical comparisons indicated no significant sex effect was present for any of the trials (Copy, IR or DR). Similarly, no significant age effect was present in the Copy trial. Significant age effects were observed for both recall trials (IR and DR). The local sample’s mean performance was descriptively and statistically compared to demographically equivalent nonlocal normative studies. Excluding an illiterate Columbian sample’s performance, the local sample performed significantly lower than all other available normative populations. Lastly, the local sample performed significantly lower than scores derived from a meta-analysis of normative indications in respect of educationally advantaged westernized groups for all three trials (p = .000 in all instances). These results assert the indispensable need for, and use of, culturally appropriate normative datasets in contemporary South African psychological assessments. Equally, these findings serve to highlight the significant influence of quality of education on cognitive test performance, being a critical socio-cultural variable that needs to be taken into consideration for norming purposes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: De Kock, Heinrich Karl Theodor
- Date: 2013 , 2013-08-26
- Subjects: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test Educational tests and measurements Xhosa (African people) -- Education Neuropsychological tests -- Cross-cultural studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3130 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006476
- Description: The aim of this study was to establish preliminary normative indications for Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test administered in English on a non-clinical population of Xhosa, unskilled workers (N = 33). The population has a history of relatively poor quality education and has received no tertiary education. The sample was stratified into two age grouping (18 – 29 and 30 – 40 years). Both sex and level of education were equally distributed within these age groupings. Within-sample statistical comparisons indicated no significant sex effect was present for any of the trials (Copy, IR or DR). Similarly, no significant age effect was present in the Copy trial. Significant age effects were observed for both recall trials (IR and DR). The local sample’s mean performance was descriptively and statistically compared to demographically equivalent nonlocal normative studies. Excluding an illiterate Columbian sample’s performance, the local sample performed significantly lower than all other available normative populations. Lastly, the local sample performed significantly lower than scores derived from a meta-analysis of normative indications in respect of educationally advantaged westernized groups for all three trials (p = .000 in all instances). These results assert the indispensable need for, and use of, culturally appropriate normative datasets in contemporary South African psychological assessments. Equally, these findings serve to highlight the significant influence of quality of education on cognitive test performance, being a critical socio-cultural variable that needs to be taken into consideration for norming purposes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Psychodynamic case formulations : reflections of a neophyte therapist's experiences of how developing and using a psychodynamic formulation may have influenced treatment?
- Authors: Tebbutt, Hayley Lynne
- Date: 2013 , 2013-11-04
- Subjects: Psychodynamic psychotherapy Psychiatry -- Case formulation Eating disorders
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3133 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006812
- Description: Although it is generally acknowledged and accepted that case formulations are useful in psychotherapy treatment, there is significantly little research illustrating how case formulations are useful in treatment. Research also suggests that case formulations are seldom used in practice after initial training (Eells, 1997; Sim, Gwee, & Bateman, 2005). This research was premised on a particular case study which appeared to highlight shifts in psychotherapy treatment in the sessions directly after the writing or revising of the case formulation, thus prompting the inquiry into the influence of the case formulation on therapeutic work. The research utilised a qualitative methodology and focused on a single case which was a 19 year old university student who expressed a problem with binge eating. The data was drawn from five original and revised case formulations. The participant was seen for 27 therapy sessions, over which time five case formulations were developed and revised. The findings in this study highlight the process of how a psychodynamic case formulation can influence therapeutic work, as reflected in three broad themes of adherence to the case formulation, the confidence of the therapist, and using the formulation as an intervention. The study contributes to arguments for the revival of the case formulation as a necessary therapeutic tool. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Tebbutt, Hayley Lynne
- Date: 2013 , 2013-11-04
- Subjects: Psychodynamic psychotherapy Psychiatry -- Case formulation Eating disorders
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3133 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006812
- Description: Although it is generally acknowledged and accepted that case formulations are useful in psychotherapy treatment, there is significantly little research illustrating how case formulations are useful in treatment. Research also suggests that case formulations are seldom used in practice after initial training (Eells, 1997; Sim, Gwee, & Bateman, 2005). This research was premised on a particular case study which appeared to highlight shifts in psychotherapy treatment in the sessions directly after the writing or revising of the case formulation, thus prompting the inquiry into the influence of the case formulation on therapeutic work. The research utilised a qualitative methodology and focused on a single case which was a 19 year old university student who expressed a problem with binge eating. The data was drawn from five original and revised case formulations. The participant was seen for 27 therapy sessions, over which time five case formulations were developed and revised. The findings in this study highlight the process of how a psychodynamic case formulation can influence therapeutic work, as reflected in three broad themes of adherence to the case formulation, the confidence of the therapist, and using the formulation as an intervention. The study contributes to arguments for the revival of the case formulation as a necessary therapeutic tool. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Resilience of the partners of long term hospitalised patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extreme drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB)
- Authors: Smith, Louise
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis , Health Belief Model , Hospital patients
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10007 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020913
- Description: Patients diagnosed with Multidrug-resistant(MDR) and Extreme drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) have to be hospitalised for a period of six to twelve months, according to the MDR/XDR Policy Guidelines on the treatment of drug-resistant TB – until the patient recovers, and is no longer infectious. There are factors associated with both the patients’ and their partners’ (spouses) resistance to long-term hospitalisation. This has resulted in several acts of violence against the hospital property and members of the health-care team. However, there are a small number of partners who assist the health-care team – by ensuring compliance from the patients and providing their continued support to the patient – despite their own risk of being infected with MDR and XDR TB. This qualitative study was aimed at exploring and describing the resilience factors that have been observed amongst a small number of partners of patients with MDR and XDR TB at an in-patient treatment centre in Port Elizabeth. The research design was exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature; and the researcher interviewed eight spouses or live-in partners of patientsfor this study, until data saturation was achieved. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews; and the data analysis was conducted, according to the eight steps proposed by Tesch model of data analysis (in Creswell, 1998).Guba’smodel of trustworthiness was used to assess the data collected during the interviews. The findings from this study will inform the health-care team on methods of how the support of the patients’ partners could be mobilised in the holistic treatment plan of MDR and XDR TB patients in an in-patient treatment centre.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Smith, Louise
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis , Health Belief Model , Hospital patients
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:10007 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020913
- Description: Patients diagnosed with Multidrug-resistant(MDR) and Extreme drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) have to be hospitalised for a period of six to twelve months, according to the MDR/XDR Policy Guidelines on the treatment of drug-resistant TB – until the patient recovers, and is no longer infectious. There are factors associated with both the patients’ and their partners’ (spouses) resistance to long-term hospitalisation. This has resulted in several acts of violence against the hospital property and members of the health-care team. However, there are a small number of partners who assist the health-care team – by ensuring compliance from the patients and providing their continued support to the patient – despite their own risk of being infected with MDR and XDR TB. This qualitative study was aimed at exploring and describing the resilience factors that have been observed amongst a small number of partners of patients with MDR and XDR TB at an in-patient treatment centre in Port Elizabeth. The research design was exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature; and the researcher interviewed eight spouses or live-in partners of patientsfor this study, until data saturation was achieved. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews; and the data analysis was conducted, according to the eight steps proposed by Tesch model of data analysis (in Creswell, 1998).Guba’smodel of trustworthiness was used to assess the data collected during the interviews. The findings from this study will inform the health-care team on methods of how the support of the patients’ partners could be mobilised in the holistic treatment plan of MDR and XDR TB patients in an in-patient treatment centre.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Rev James Warren "Jim" Jones: a psychobiographical study
- Authors: Baldwin, Garth Adrian
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Jones, James Warren -- 1931-1978 , Religious leaders -- United States -- Biography , African American religious leaders -- Biography
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9948 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015635
- Description: The purpose of a psychobiography is to describe an individual‟s life while using a psychological theory. James Warren “Jim” Jones was selected through purposive sampling because of his instrumental role in organising the largest mass suicide in recorded USA history. Kernberg‟s (1979; 1985; 2004) object relations theory was used to illuminate his life and personality dynamics, a theory focused on describing the borderline personality organisation. The study employed a qualitative single case study design, and data was analysed according to the principals set out by Yin (1994) as well as Miles and Huberman (1994). Results indicated that Kernberg‟s (1979; 1985; 2004) theory was suitable in shedding light on the life of this infamous historical figure, which resulted in an increased understanding of the application of this psychological theory. Lastly, it contributed towards increasing the limited number of psychobiographical studies conducted in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Baldwin, Garth Adrian
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Jones, James Warren -- 1931-1978 , Religious leaders -- United States -- Biography , African American religious leaders -- Biography
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9948 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015635
- Description: The purpose of a psychobiography is to describe an individual‟s life while using a psychological theory. James Warren “Jim” Jones was selected through purposive sampling because of his instrumental role in organising the largest mass suicide in recorded USA history. Kernberg‟s (1979; 1985; 2004) object relations theory was used to illuminate his life and personality dynamics, a theory focused on describing the borderline personality organisation. The study employed a qualitative single case study design, and data was analysed according to the principals set out by Yin (1994) as well as Miles and Huberman (1994). Results indicated that Kernberg‟s (1979; 1985; 2004) theory was suitable in shedding light on the life of this infamous historical figure, which resulted in an increased understanding of the application of this psychological theory. Lastly, it contributed towards increasing the limited number of psychobiographical studies conducted in South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Risk and protective factors associated with substance abuse amongst adolescents
- Authors: Hayman, Abraham Burger
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Teenagers -- Drug use -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention , Substance abuse -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Resilience (Personality trait) in adolescence
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9996 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008297 , Teenagers -- Drug use -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention , Substance abuse -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Resilience (Personality trait) in adolescence
- Description: Substance abuse remains one of the critical challenges facing South Africa. Research studies conducted locally and internationally, reflect a sharp increase in the number of young people that are falling prey to substance abuse (with the age of onset decreasing rapidly). These rising statistics, as well as the guidelines for evidence based practice suggest that drug prevention interventions need to be tailored to the needs of specific recipients of the service. The aim of the present study was therefore to understand the needs of a specific group of adolescents from a designated community in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. This community has been riddled by gang violence, high levels of unemployment, teenage pregnancies, school dropout and in particular, large numbers of adolescent drug users. The goal of the study was therefore to enhance an understanding of the risk and protective factors associated with substance abuse amongst adolescents from this specific neighbourhood in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. The study was imbedded in a socio-cultural and systemic theoretical framework. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing an exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design to address the primary research question. A purposive sampling method was used to recruit eight non users and a snowball sampling technique was used (with the assistance of two gatekeepers) to identify eight substance users from the identified neighbourhood in the Northern Areas. An in-depth, semi-structured individual interview was used as the method of data collection with each of the 16 research participants. The data was analysed according to the steps for qualitative data analysis, as proposed by Tesch (in Creswell, 1994:155). The trustworthiness was enhanced by employing the four criteria proposed by Guba (in Krefting, 1991:214-222). The findings of the study indicate that the dominant risk factors for substance use are located at a family and community level. These included the absence of family structure, poor parental discipline and supervision, the presence of parental substance abuse, neglect of children and family disharmony. At a community level the risk factors included: the prevalence of drug outlets, normalization of substance use in the community, prevalence of gangsterism as a way life and source of income and apathy of community members in protecting their community. Protective factors were mutually exclusive and additional protective factors were discussed at length in the report. The findings which point to the adoption of an integrated community based approach to effect meaningful drug prevention strategies for substance abuse amongst adolescents in the studied community, are disseminated here in the form of a written report and will be prepared for submission to a journal for publication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Hayman, Abraham Burger
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Teenagers -- Drug use -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention , Substance abuse -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Resilience (Personality trait) in adolescence
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9996 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008297 , Teenagers -- Drug use -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Prevention , Substance abuse -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Resilience (Personality trait) in adolescence
- Description: Substance abuse remains one of the critical challenges facing South Africa. Research studies conducted locally and internationally, reflect a sharp increase in the number of young people that are falling prey to substance abuse (with the age of onset decreasing rapidly). These rising statistics, as well as the guidelines for evidence based practice suggest that drug prevention interventions need to be tailored to the needs of specific recipients of the service. The aim of the present study was therefore to understand the needs of a specific group of adolescents from a designated community in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. This community has been riddled by gang violence, high levels of unemployment, teenage pregnancies, school dropout and in particular, large numbers of adolescent drug users. The goal of the study was therefore to enhance an understanding of the risk and protective factors associated with substance abuse amongst adolescents from this specific neighbourhood in the Northern Areas of Port Elizabeth. The study was imbedded in a socio-cultural and systemic theoretical framework. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing an exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design to address the primary research question. A purposive sampling method was used to recruit eight non users and a snowball sampling technique was used (with the assistance of two gatekeepers) to identify eight substance users from the identified neighbourhood in the Northern Areas. An in-depth, semi-structured individual interview was used as the method of data collection with each of the 16 research participants. The data was analysed according to the steps for qualitative data analysis, as proposed by Tesch (in Creswell, 1994:155). The trustworthiness was enhanced by employing the four criteria proposed by Guba (in Krefting, 1991:214-222). The findings of the study indicate that the dominant risk factors for substance use are located at a family and community level. These included the absence of family structure, poor parental discipline and supervision, the presence of parental substance abuse, neglect of children and family disharmony. At a community level the risk factors included: the prevalence of drug outlets, normalization of substance use in the community, prevalence of gangsterism as a way life and source of income and apathy of community members in protecting their community. Protective factors were mutually exclusive and additional protective factors were discussed at length in the report. The findings which point to the adoption of an integrated community based approach to effect meaningful drug prevention strategies for substance abuse amongst adolescents in the studied community, are disseminated here in the form of a written report and will be prepared for submission to a journal for publication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Self, family and society in Nadine Gordimer's Burger's Daughter, Rachel Zadok's Gem Squash Tokoloshe, and Doris Lessings's The Grass is Singing
- Authors: O'Brien, Lauren Leigh
- Date: 2013 , 2013-09-08
- Subjects: Gordimer, Nadine. Burger's daughter -- Criticism and interpretation Zadok, Rachel. Gem Squash Tokoloshe -- Criticism and interpretation Lessing, Doris May, 1919-- The grass is singing -- Criticism and interpretation South African fiction (English) -- 20th century -- History and criticism South African fiction (English) -- 21st century -- History and criticism South Africa -- In literature South Africa -- Social life and customs Identification (Psychology) in literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2271 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006771
- Description: This dissertation examines Nadine Gordimer’s Burger’s Daughter, Rachel Zadok’s Gem Squash Tokoloshe, and Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing. It focuses on the development of each of the protagonists’ identities in three realms: the individual, the familial and the societal. Additionally, it is concerned with the specific socio-political contexts in which the novels are set. It employs psychoanalytic and historical materialist frameworks in order to engage with the disparate areas of identity with which it is concerned. The introduction establishes the analytical perspective of the dissertation and explores the network of theoretical frames on which the dissertation relies. Additionally, it contextualises each of the novels, within their historical contexts, as well as in relation to the theory. The first chapter examines Nadine Gordimer’s Burger’s Daughter. It focuses on the protagonist’s assertion of an identity independent of her father’s role as a political activist, and her eventual acceptance of the universal difficulty in negotiating a life which is both private and political. The second chapter, on Rachel Zadok’s Gem Squash Tokoloshe, examines the relationship between the protagonist’s traumatic experiences as a child and her inability to assert an identity as an adult. The similarities between the protagonist’s attempts to address her traumas and thereby create herself anew and South Africa’s employment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as a means to acknowledge and engage with its traumatic history is of import. The third chapter which deals with Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing traces the life of its protagonist, whose identifications remain childish as a result of having witnessed her parents’ difficult relationship. Her understanding of the world is informed by a rigid, binary understanding, which is ultimately disrupted by her relationship with a black employee. She is incapable of readjusting her frame of reference, however, and ultimately goes mad. I conclude that, while my focus has been on personal, familial and social identifications, the standard terms in which identity is examined, namely, race, class, and gender, are present in each of the three tiers of identity with which I have been concerned.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: O'Brien, Lauren Leigh
- Date: 2013 , 2013-09-08
- Subjects: Gordimer, Nadine. Burger's daughter -- Criticism and interpretation Zadok, Rachel. Gem Squash Tokoloshe -- Criticism and interpretation Lessing, Doris May, 1919-- The grass is singing -- Criticism and interpretation South African fiction (English) -- 20th century -- History and criticism South African fiction (English) -- 21st century -- History and criticism South Africa -- In literature South Africa -- Social life and customs Identification (Psychology) in literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2271 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006771
- Description: This dissertation examines Nadine Gordimer’s Burger’s Daughter, Rachel Zadok’s Gem Squash Tokoloshe, and Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing. It focuses on the development of each of the protagonists’ identities in three realms: the individual, the familial and the societal. Additionally, it is concerned with the specific socio-political contexts in which the novels are set. It employs psychoanalytic and historical materialist frameworks in order to engage with the disparate areas of identity with which it is concerned. The introduction establishes the analytical perspective of the dissertation and explores the network of theoretical frames on which the dissertation relies. Additionally, it contextualises each of the novels, within their historical contexts, as well as in relation to the theory. The first chapter examines Nadine Gordimer’s Burger’s Daughter. It focuses on the protagonist’s assertion of an identity independent of her father’s role as a political activist, and her eventual acceptance of the universal difficulty in negotiating a life which is both private and political. The second chapter, on Rachel Zadok’s Gem Squash Tokoloshe, examines the relationship between the protagonist’s traumatic experiences as a child and her inability to assert an identity as an adult. The similarities between the protagonist’s attempts to address her traumas and thereby create herself anew and South Africa’s employment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as a means to acknowledge and engage with its traumatic history is of import. The third chapter which deals with Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing traces the life of its protagonist, whose identifications remain childish as a result of having witnessed her parents’ difficult relationship. Her understanding of the world is informed by a rigid, binary understanding, which is ultimately disrupted by her relationship with a black employee. She is incapable of readjusting her frame of reference, however, and ultimately goes mad. I conclude that, while my focus has been on personal, familial and social identifications, the standard terms in which identity is examined, namely, race, class, and gender, are present in each of the three tiers of identity with which I have been concerned.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Service delivery protests as a catalyst for development: the case of Ethekwini municipality
- Authors: Shezi, Lindelani
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Protest movements -- South Africa , Municipal services -- South Africa -- Case studies , Local government -- services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9236 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021095
- Description: Many have described South Africa as a protest-rich nation. Some have defended this high level of protest as an indication that this country has a functional democracy where peoples’ right to raise their dissatisfaction with government through protesting is protected. These protests take different forms, with some displaying signs of criminality where protesters vandalise private and public property, while others proceed peacefully. This project examines and interprets the dynamics and circumstances surrounding these events and processes through empirical research, and explores their relationship to development. This dissertation attempts to establish what motivates people to engage in these protests, to assess the impact and consequences of protests in South African local communities, and to assess whether the different forms of protest were effective in compelling government to address protesters' developmental demands. The research undertaken was of a qualitative nature, and the researcher sourced the information from community members and community leaders. As the process of collecting empirical data unfolded, it became clear that the Marianridge and Umlazi Z Section case studies presented in this dissertation indicated that developmental local government without public participation is ineffective.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Shezi, Lindelani
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Protest movements -- South Africa , Municipal services -- South Africa -- Case studies , Local government -- services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9236 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021095
- Description: Many have described South Africa as a protest-rich nation. Some have defended this high level of protest as an indication that this country has a functional democracy where peoples’ right to raise their dissatisfaction with government through protesting is protected. These protests take different forms, with some displaying signs of criminality where protesters vandalise private and public property, while others proceed peacefully. This project examines and interprets the dynamics and circumstances surrounding these events and processes through empirical research, and explores their relationship to development. This dissertation attempts to establish what motivates people to engage in these protests, to assess the impact and consequences of protests in South African local communities, and to assess whether the different forms of protest were effective in compelling government to address protesters' developmental demands. The research undertaken was of a qualitative nature, and the researcher sourced the information from community members and community leaders. As the process of collecting empirical data unfolded, it became clear that the Marianridge and Umlazi Z Section case studies presented in this dissertation indicated that developmental local government without public participation is ineffective.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Service delivery, the state and NGO's: the case of Peddie extension, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Ngcayi, Qaqambile Quintin
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Municipal services- Eastern Cape - Peddie , Local government - Eastern Cape- Peddie
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9177 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020135
- Description: This study intends to assess the roles of the State and non-governmental organisation in community development with regard to housing provision. Peddie Extension in Ngqushwa Municipality was chosen and used as an area of study. The study is based on the assumption that the State has not been performing or has performed poorly in its role as provider of houses in the rural areas of Ngqushwa Local Municipality in Peddie Extension. The study comprises of five chapters. The study was designed to assess whether the community members from the Peddie Extension are satisfied with the housing delivery process and how they have benefitted from the process. Additionally, it was designed to understand, and analyse the roles played by the State and non-governmental organisations in housing delivery for the poor people in rural Peddie Extension. The study tried to review the available literature regarding the role of State and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in community development in an effort to have a broader understanding of their role in housing delivery in the rural area in Peddie Extension. This study adopted a qualitative approach and took the form of exploratory research. The researcher selected purposively the participants for interviews namely, residents of Peddie Extension in the Ngqushwa Municipality, a Municipality official and non-governmental organisation (NGO) official. The research methodology and the interpretation of the research findings are described. The research findings of the qualitative research were analysed and reported on. Finally, plenty of conclusions that were arrived at during the study, followed by specific recommendations were made.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Ngcayi, Qaqambile Quintin
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Municipal services- Eastern Cape - Peddie , Local government - Eastern Cape- Peddie
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9177 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020135
- Description: This study intends to assess the roles of the State and non-governmental organisation in community development with regard to housing provision. Peddie Extension in Ngqushwa Municipality was chosen and used as an area of study. The study is based on the assumption that the State has not been performing or has performed poorly in its role as provider of houses in the rural areas of Ngqushwa Local Municipality in Peddie Extension. The study comprises of five chapters. The study was designed to assess whether the community members from the Peddie Extension are satisfied with the housing delivery process and how they have benefitted from the process. Additionally, it was designed to understand, and analyse the roles played by the State and non-governmental organisations in housing delivery for the poor people in rural Peddie Extension. The study tried to review the available literature regarding the role of State and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in community development in an effort to have a broader understanding of their role in housing delivery in the rural area in Peddie Extension. This study adopted a qualitative approach and took the form of exploratory research. The researcher selected purposively the participants for interviews namely, residents of Peddie Extension in the Ngqushwa Municipality, a Municipality official and non-governmental organisation (NGO) official. The research methodology and the interpretation of the research findings are described. The research findings of the qualitative research were analysed and reported on. Finally, plenty of conclusions that were arrived at during the study, followed by specific recommendations were made.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Shame, cognitive vulnerabilities and traumatic stress in adult rape survivors
- Authors: Van de Water, Tanya
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Rape trauma syndrome -- South Africa , Shame -- South Africa , Rape victims -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9969 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020947
- Description: The prevalence of rape in South Africa has reached epidemic proportions. The experience of shame in a rape victim may impact on issues such as disclosure and avoidance (which increases posttraumatic stress severity (PSS)). It is also known that other cognitive vulnerabilities such as anxiety sensitivity, rumination, looming cognitive style, and attribution style impacts the severity of traumatic stress. These vulnerabilities overlap with the experience of shame conceptually. It remains unclear whether shame has a direct relationship with severity or whether it influences other dynamics that eventually contributes to increases in (PSS). 37 female adult rape survivors from a local NGO completed a biographical questionnaire and a variety of quantitative measures of shame (Experience of Shame Scale (ESS)), PSS (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire – Revised (HTQ-R)), anxiety sensitivity (Anxiety Sensitivity Index – 3(ASI-3)), rumination (Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ)), looming cognitive style (Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ)), and attribution style (Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ)). Initial explorations were done to determine the cross-group equivalence of these measures since it was the first time some of them were used in South Africa (and exclusively on rape survivors). The construct, semantic, and metric equivalence findings are reported for each measure. In this regard all measures apart from the ASQ had good internal consistency but factor analyses indicated that the measures are more reasonably seen to measure single factor constructs rather than the configuration presupposed by the constituent subscales. The evidence indicates that total scores may be used with some confidence in the construct validity and internal consistency of these measures (with the exception of the ASQ), but that subscale scores should not be over interpreted. Furthermore, the presence of cognitive constructs within the sample was explored and it was found that high levels of shame, PSS, and the cognitive vulnerabilities were present. Finally a multiple regression and concomitant analyses indicated that only knowing the perpetrator had any influence on the variables under study and that shame and rumination accounted for the largest amount of variance in PSS.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Van de Water, Tanya
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Rape trauma syndrome -- South Africa , Shame -- South Africa , Rape victims -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9969 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020947
- Description: The prevalence of rape in South Africa has reached epidemic proportions. The experience of shame in a rape victim may impact on issues such as disclosure and avoidance (which increases posttraumatic stress severity (PSS)). It is also known that other cognitive vulnerabilities such as anxiety sensitivity, rumination, looming cognitive style, and attribution style impacts the severity of traumatic stress. These vulnerabilities overlap with the experience of shame conceptually. It remains unclear whether shame has a direct relationship with severity or whether it influences other dynamics that eventually contributes to increases in (PSS). 37 female adult rape survivors from a local NGO completed a biographical questionnaire and a variety of quantitative measures of shame (Experience of Shame Scale (ESS)), PSS (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire – Revised (HTQ-R)), anxiety sensitivity (Anxiety Sensitivity Index – 3(ASI-3)), rumination (Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ)), looming cognitive style (Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ)), and attribution style (Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ)). Initial explorations were done to determine the cross-group equivalence of these measures since it was the first time some of them were used in South Africa (and exclusively on rape survivors). The construct, semantic, and metric equivalence findings are reported for each measure. In this regard all measures apart from the ASQ had good internal consistency but factor analyses indicated that the measures are more reasonably seen to measure single factor constructs rather than the configuration presupposed by the constituent subscales. The evidence indicates that total scores may be used with some confidence in the construct validity and internal consistency of these measures (with the exception of the ASQ), but that subscale scores should not be over interpreted. Furthermore, the presence of cognitive constructs within the sample was explored and it was found that high levels of shame, PSS, and the cognitive vulnerabilities were present. Finally a multiple regression and concomitant analyses indicated that only knowing the perpetrator had any influence on the variables under study and that shame and rumination accounted for the largest amount of variance in PSS.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013