Community service professional nurses' experiences of bullying in state hospitals
- Authors: Yon, Gadieja
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Public health nurses , Bullying in the workplace , State hospitals
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10056 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018622
- Description: It is estimated that 80 percent of nurses experience some type of bullying in the workplace during their working lives, and bullying from colleagues has become a major concern. Bullying involves repeated forms of negative behaviours directed at a victim over time. More specifically, the victim is bullied repeatedly over time, with bullying ranging from mild to more severe forms that often go unreported. Bullying in the workplace may cause low self-esteem, depression and anxiety, physical illness and in some cases, the inability to work. The aim of this research study was to explore and describe community service professional nurses’ experiences of being bullied in state hospitals. The information gathered during the course of the study was used to develop strategies that can prevent the bullying of community service professional nurses in the workplace. The design of the study was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual in nature. The population sample included all community service professional nurses in state hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay area. The researcher employed purposive sampling to select participants from the population of community service professional nurses employed at state hospitals. She collected data by conducting semi-structured individual interviews to gain in-depth accounts from participants and by making observations, which were captured in field notes. Data collected during the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed according to Tesch’s eight steps of analysis. Themes were identified through this process and compared to relevant literature. The researcher used the services of an independent coder to aid in the coding process. Trustworthiness was ensured by following Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness, which comprises the following concepts: credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability. The researcher ensured that the study adhered to high ethical standards through the principles of justice, beneficence, non-maleficence, and respect for people.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Yon, Gadieja
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Public health nurses , Bullying in the workplace , State hospitals
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10056 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018622
- Description: It is estimated that 80 percent of nurses experience some type of bullying in the workplace during their working lives, and bullying from colleagues has become a major concern. Bullying involves repeated forms of negative behaviours directed at a victim over time. More specifically, the victim is bullied repeatedly over time, with bullying ranging from mild to more severe forms that often go unreported. Bullying in the workplace may cause low self-esteem, depression and anxiety, physical illness and in some cases, the inability to work. The aim of this research study was to explore and describe community service professional nurses’ experiences of being bullied in state hospitals. The information gathered during the course of the study was used to develop strategies that can prevent the bullying of community service professional nurses in the workplace. The design of the study was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual in nature. The population sample included all community service professional nurses in state hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay area. The researcher employed purposive sampling to select participants from the population of community service professional nurses employed at state hospitals. She collected data by conducting semi-structured individual interviews to gain in-depth accounts from participants and by making observations, which were captured in field notes. Data collected during the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed according to Tesch’s eight steps of analysis. Themes were identified through this process and compared to relevant literature. The researcher used the services of an independent coder to aid in the coding process. Trustworthiness was ensured by following Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness, which comprises the following concepts: credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability. The researcher ensured that the study adhered to high ethical standards through the principles of justice, beneficence, non-maleficence, and respect for people.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Die ervaring van die geregistreerde verpleegkundedosent ten opsigte van die kliniese begeleiding van verpleegstudente
- Authors: De Wet, Annemie
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Nursing students , Mentoring in nursing -- South Africa
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10053 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1018275
- Description: Die doel van die studie was om vas te stel hoe die verpleegkundedosent die begeleiding van verpleegstudente in die praktyk ervaar. In die verlede was begeleiding van verpleegstudente met praktika in gesondheidsorginstansies deur ʼn professionele verpleegkundige gedoen wat deel was van die personeel se verantwoordelikhede. Die verpleegstudente doen hul teoretiese kennis op by ʼn tersiêre instansie en verkry hul praktiese kennis by ʼn geakkrediteerde gesondheidsorginstansie soos vereis deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad op Verpleging (SARV). Een van die take van ‘n verpleegkundedosent van die privaat opleidingskool is om die kliniese begeleiding van verpleegstudente in geakkrediteerde instellings te doen. Omdat verpleging ʼn beroep is waar vaardighede belangrik is, is praktiese inoefening van prosedures en evaluering van die verpleegstudente se vaardigheid daarin noodsaaklik. Die verpleegstudente is heeltyd besig met die pasiënte in die vorm van prosedures waarby die teorie wat in die opleidingskool verkry was, gekorreleer moet word met die prosedure om die hele prentjie te vorm. Dit is dus nodig dat begeleiding van die verpleegstudente gedoen moet word om vaardigheid en toepassing van kennis te verseker. Die navorser het ʼn kwalitatiewe, ondersoekende, beskrywende en kontekstuele studie gedoen waarvan die populasie die geregistreerde dosente van verskeie provinsiale en privaatverpleegskole in die Klein-Karoo en Suid-kaapdistrikte was. Die navorser het gebruik gemaak van ʼn nie-waarskynlike steekproef. Inligtingryke data was ingesamel deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude wat aangevul was met veldnotas soos verkry tydens onderhoude. Data-ontleding was reeds begin met data-insameling en Tesch se inhoudsontleding was gebruik om ʼn mening te vorm. ‘n Literatuurkontrole was gedoen om te bepaal wat vorige navorsing oor begeleiding bevind en aanbeveel het. Lincoln en Guba se model was gebruik vir betroubaarheidsversekering volgens die kriteria wat hulle aanbeveel het, naamlik geloofwaardigheid, oordraagbaarheid, betroubaarheid en bevestigbaarheid. Uit die data-ontleding het vier belangrike temas en subtemas te voorskyn gekom. Die temas was dat die verpleegkundedosente aspekte van die begeleiding van verpleegstudente in die gesondheidsorginstansie as positief en ook as negatief beleef. Die wyse waarop die gesondheidsorginstansies bestuur word, het die begeleiding beïnvloed en daar was riglyne voorgestel wat die kliniese personeel en dosente kan rig wanneer hulle betrokke raak by die begeleiding van verpleegstudente. Die begeleiding van verpleegstudente deur verpleegkundedosente, kliniese dosente en die gesondheidsorginstansie se opgeleide personeel, is ʼn belangrike deel van verpleegopleiding en bepaal uiteindelik die kwaliteit van die pasiëntsorg wat verskaf word deur die verpleegkundiges. Die navorser het riglyne daar gestel om die begeleiding van vepleegstudente te rig. Die riglyne moet nou geïmplementeer en getoets word binne die konteks van die bepaalde verpleegskole en dan weer geëvalueer word. Beperkings wat ondervind was in die studie was dat die steekproef ʼn klein groepie verpleegkundedosente op die platteland was, wat veralgemening bemoeilik, veral in die stedelike konteks. Die begeleiding van die verpleegstudente is gedoen met die ingeskrewe verpleegstudente (Die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad op Verpleging Regulasies, Regulasie 2176 en 2175 van 19 November 1993), naamlik die kategorie met die minste status en verantwoordelikheid onder verpleegstudente. Veralgemening na alle kategorieë, veral verpleegstudente besig met professionele verpleegprogramme, mag dus nie sinvol wees nie.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: De Wet, Annemie
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Nursing students , Mentoring in nursing -- South Africa
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10053 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1018275
- Description: Die doel van die studie was om vas te stel hoe die verpleegkundedosent die begeleiding van verpleegstudente in die praktyk ervaar. In die verlede was begeleiding van verpleegstudente met praktika in gesondheidsorginstansies deur ʼn professionele verpleegkundige gedoen wat deel was van die personeel se verantwoordelikhede. Die verpleegstudente doen hul teoretiese kennis op by ʼn tersiêre instansie en verkry hul praktiese kennis by ʼn geakkrediteerde gesondheidsorginstansie soos vereis deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad op Verpleging (SARV). Een van die take van ‘n verpleegkundedosent van die privaat opleidingskool is om die kliniese begeleiding van verpleegstudente in geakkrediteerde instellings te doen. Omdat verpleging ʼn beroep is waar vaardighede belangrik is, is praktiese inoefening van prosedures en evaluering van die verpleegstudente se vaardigheid daarin noodsaaklik. Die verpleegstudente is heeltyd besig met die pasiënte in die vorm van prosedures waarby die teorie wat in die opleidingskool verkry was, gekorreleer moet word met die prosedure om die hele prentjie te vorm. Dit is dus nodig dat begeleiding van die verpleegstudente gedoen moet word om vaardigheid en toepassing van kennis te verseker. Die navorser het ʼn kwalitatiewe, ondersoekende, beskrywende en kontekstuele studie gedoen waarvan die populasie die geregistreerde dosente van verskeie provinsiale en privaatverpleegskole in die Klein-Karoo en Suid-kaapdistrikte was. Die navorser het gebruik gemaak van ʼn nie-waarskynlike steekproef. Inligtingryke data was ingesamel deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude wat aangevul was met veldnotas soos verkry tydens onderhoude. Data-ontleding was reeds begin met data-insameling en Tesch se inhoudsontleding was gebruik om ʼn mening te vorm. ‘n Literatuurkontrole was gedoen om te bepaal wat vorige navorsing oor begeleiding bevind en aanbeveel het. Lincoln en Guba se model was gebruik vir betroubaarheidsversekering volgens die kriteria wat hulle aanbeveel het, naamlik geloofwaardigheid, oordraagbaarheid, betroubaarheid en bevestigbaarheid. Uit die data-ontleding het vier belangrike temas en subtemas te voorskyn gekom. Die temas was dat die verpleegkundedosente aspekte van die begeleiding van verpleegstudente in die gesondheidsorginstansie as positief en ook as negatief beleef. Die wyse waarop die gesondheidsorginstansies bestuur word, het die begeleiding beïnvloed en daar was riglyne voorgestel wat die kliniese personeel en dosente kan rig wanneer hulle betrokke raak by die begeleiding van verpleegstudente. Die begeleiding van verpleegstudente deur verpleegkundedosente, kliniese dosente en die gesondheidsorginstansie se opgeleide personeel, is ʼn belangrike deel van verpleegopleiding en bepaal uiteindelik die kwaliteit van die pasiëntsorg wat verskaf word deur die verpleegkundiges. Die navorser het riglyne daar gestel om die begeleiding van vepleegstudente te rig. Die riglyne moet nou geïmplementeer en getoets word binne die konteks van die bepaalde verpleegskole en dan weer geëvalueer word. Beperkings wat ondervind was in die studie was dat die steekproef ʼn klein groepie verpleegkundedosente op die platteland was, wat veralgemening bemoeilik, veral in die stedelike konteks. Die begeleiding van die verpleegstudente is gedoen met die ingeskrewe verpleegstudente (Die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad op Verpleging Regulasies, Regulasie 2176 en 2175 van 19 November 1993), naamlik die kategorie met die minste status en verantwoordelikheid onder verpleegstudente. Veralgemening na alle kategorieë, veral verpleegstudente besig met professionele verpleegprogramme, mag dus nie sinvol wees nie.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Experiences of labouring women of the use of the birthing ball
- Authors: Vieira,Melissa Jolene
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Delivery (Obstetrics) , Midwifery -- South Africa Midwives -- South Africa Neonatal nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44088 , vital:37106
- Description: Labour pain seems to be a challenge to the most of the labour wards/units. The birthing pain is non-avoidable but could be managed. Labouring women are sometimes limiting themselves to their beds as they are not coping well with the amount of pain they experience and this behaviour affects the progress of their labour. Different methods of pain relief in labour are available but are sometimes perceived by labouring women and midwives as not effective. Mobility has been noted in several obstetrical and midwifery nursing literature as the best strategy to promote positive progress of labour thus limiting pain. The use of the birthing ball by labouring women appears to be serving the purpose of mobility in labour. The researcher of this study aimed to investigate the experiences related to the use of the birthing ball by the labouring women. The objectives of the study were: To explore and describe the experiences of women in labour related to the use of the birthing ball, and based on the findings of the study, to recommend guidelines for the midwives to manage the first stage of labour through the use of the birthing ball. The research design used was qualitative, descriptive, explorative and contextual in nature, utilizing the phenomenological approach. The research population consisted of women who had made use of the birthing ball during labour. Data collection consisted of one-on-one unstructured interviews and field notes. The question that the participants were asked was: “Tell me, how it was for you when you were using the birthing ball during labour?” Collected data was analysed according to Creswell’s data analysis spiral and the assistance of an independent coder. Following the data analysis, a literature control was undertaken to highlight the similarities to and differences in comparison between this and previous studies. Lincoln and Guba’s Model of trustworthiness was used in this study to enhance credibility of the findings. The four aspects that were considered were credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The researcher ensured that the study was ethically correct by observing the principles of informed consent, confidentiality, anonymity and no harm done to participants. Three major themes and sub-themes were identified through analysis of the database. Participants’ experienced the birthing ball as a useful labour tool as: it relieves pain and allows them to relax and be comfortable, it helped to promote mobility during labour. Participants’ experienced the birthing ball as shortening the labour process as: it decreased the number of active pushes during delivery, it increased their contractions and resulted in a quick delivery. Participants experienced the use of the birthing ball as empowering during labour as: it introduces an element of fun which decreases their fear and resulted in a more positive labouring experience it allowed them to feel in control of their labour. Based on the findings of the study, conclusions were drawn, guidelines recommended and recommendations made concerning nursing research, nursing education and clinical practice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Vieira,Melissa Jolene
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Delivery (Obstetrics) , Midwifery -- South Africa Midwives -- South Africa Neonatal nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44088 , vital:37106
- Description: Labour pain seems to be a challenge to the most of the labour wards/units. The birthing pain is non-avoidable but could be managed. Labouring women are sometimes limiting themselves to their beds as they are not coping well with the amount of pain they experience and this behaviour affects the progress of their labour. Different methods of pain relief in labour are available but are sometimes perceived by labouring women and midwives as not effective. Mobility has been noted in several obstetrical and midwifery nursing literature as the best strategy to promote positive progress of labour thus limiting pain. The use of the birthing ball by labouring women appears to be serving the purpose of mobility in labour. The researcher of this study aimed to investigate the experiences related to the use of the birthing ball by the labouring women. The objectives of the study were: To explore and describe the experiences of women in labour related to the use of the birthing ball, and based on the findings of the study, to recommend guidelines for the midwives to manage the first stage of labour through the use of the birthing ball. The research design used was qualitative, descriptive, explorative and contextual in nature, utilizing the phenomenological approach. The research population consisted of women who had made use of the birthing ball during labour. Data collection consisted of one-on-one unstructured interviews and field notes. The question that the participants were asked was: “Tell me, how it was for you when you were using the birthing ball during labour?” Collected data was analysed according to Creswell’s data analysis spiral and the assistance of an independent coder. Following the data analysis, a literature control was undertaken to highlight the similarities to and differences in comparison between this and previous studies. Lincoln and Guba’s Model of trustworthiness was used in this study to enhance credibility of the findings. The four aspects that were considered were credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The researcher ensured that the study was ethically correct by observing the principles of informed consent, confidentiality, anonymity and no harm done to participants. Three major themes and sub-themes were identified through analysis of the database. Participants’ experienced the birthing ball as a useful labour tool as: it relieves pain and allows them to relax and be comfortable, it helped to promote mobility during labour. Participants’ experienced the birthing ball as shortening the labour process as: it decreased the number of active pushes during delivery, it increased their contractions and resulted in a quick delivery. Participants experienced the use of the birthing ball as empowering during labour as: it introduces an element of fun which decreases their fear and resulted in a more positive labouring experience it allowed them to feel in control of their labour. Based on the findings of the study, conclusions were drawn, guidelines recommended and recommendations made concerning nursing research, nursing education and clinical practice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Experiences of professional nurses related to caring for chronic mentally ill patients at rural primary healthcare clinics
- Authors: Sam, Noluthando
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mentally ill -- Rehabilitation , Chronically ill -- Rehabilitation , Hospitals -- Case management services , Mentally ill -- Care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10068
- Description: Since the deinstitutionalisation of chronic mentally ill patients, there has been an increase in the number of relapsed chronic mentally ill patients who become acutely mentally ill and need to be re-admitted for acute care in psychiatric institutions. Professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics find it difficult to care for these individuals because they lack the necessary knowledge and skills. Chronic mentally ill patients who have been admitted to acute care facilities are stabilised by rendering care, treatment and rehabilitation and then released into the care of the professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics. These patients live in the community and have to make use of the primary healthcare clinics nearest to their homes to provide them with their prescribed medication and care. Furthermore the patients’ mental conditions do not always remain stable, possibly because of a knowledge deficit, at times about their mental status. Patients may become non-compliant, resulting in the recurrence of symptoms, and thus need to be re-admitted to the acute care facility. However, the problem leading to re-admission is not clear for all admissions. It may be that patients do not make use of the primary healthcare clinics. It also seems that the professional nurses in the primary healthcare clinics are unfamiliar in dealing with chronic mentally ill patients living in rural communities. The aim of this study was therefore, to explore and describe the experiences of these professional nurses in caring for chronic mentally ill patients living in a rural community. The researcher used qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design. The research population consisted of professional nurses working at primary healthcare clinics. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to identify participants for inclusion in the study. Data collection was conducted using one-on-one, semi structured interviews, observations and field notes and interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was conducted using Tesh’s method of content analysis to identify themes and sub-themes. A literature control was done to compare the findings to the current published research. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Gubas’s model (1985) of trustworthiness. A pilot study, conducted by interviewing a small sample prior to the start of the main study, determined whether the sampling and interviewing techniques of the researcher as well as the research questions were adequate for data collection. The researcher ensured that the study was of a high ethical standard by taking into consideration values that guide the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. The findings of the study was categorised into three main themes and 13 sub-themes. The main themes were as follow: Professional nurses experience problems when they have to take care of psychiatric patients attending rural primary healthcare clinics. This theme had six sub-themes which were discussed in details in chapter three. The second theme was that professional nurses experience that psychiatric patients in rural communities experience problems which affected their well-being. This second theme has got five sub-themes which were discussed further in chapter three. The last theme was that professional nurses have positive experiences when caring for psychiatric patients in rural communities. This theme has got two sub-themes as well discussed further in chapter three.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Sam, Noluthando
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Mentally ill -- Rehabilitation , Chronically ill -- Rehabilitation , Hospitals -- Case management services , Mentally ill -- Care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10068
- Description: Since the deinstitutionalisation of chronic mentally ill patients, there has been an increase in the number of relapsed chronic mentally ill patients who become acutely mentally ill and need to be re-admitted for acute care in psychiatric institutions. Professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics find it difficult to care for these individuals because they lack the necessary knowledge and skills. Chronic mentally ill patients who have been admitted to acute care facilities are stabilised by rendering care, treatment and rehabilitation and then released into the care of the professional nurses working at rural primary healthcare clinics. These patients live in the community and have to make use of the primary healthcare clinics nearest to their homes to provide them with their prescribed medication and care. Furthermore the patients’ mental conditions do not always remain stable, possibly because of a knowledge deficit, at times about their mental status. Patients may become non-compliant, resulting in the recurrence of symptoms, and thus need to be re-admitted to the acute care facility. However, the problem leading to re-admission is not clear for all admissions. It may be that patients do not make use of the primary healthcare clinics. It also seems that the professional nurses in the primary healthcare clinics are unfamiliar in dealing with chronic mentally ill patients living in rural communities. The aim of this study was therefore, to explore and describe the experiences of these professional nurses in caring for chronic mentally ill patients living in a rural community. The researcher used qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design. The research population consisted of professional nurses working at primary healthcare clinics. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to identify participants for inclusion in the study. Data collection was conducted using one-on-one, semi structured interviews, observations and field notes and interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was conducted using Tesh’s method of content analysis to identify themes and sub-themes. A literature control was done to compare the findings to the current published research. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Gubas’s model (1985) of trustworthiness. A pilot study, conducted by interviewing a small sample prior to the start of the main study, determined whether the sampling and interviewing techniques of the researcher as well as the research questions were adequate for data collection. The researcher ensured that the study was of a high ethical standard by taking into consideration values that guide the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. The findings of the study was categorised into three main themes and 13 sub-themes. The main themes were as follow: Professional nurses experience problems when they have to take care of psychiatric patients attending rural primary healthcare clinics. This theme had six sub-themes which were discussed in details in chapter three. The second theme was that professional nurses experience that psychiatric patients in rural communities experience problems which affected their well-being. This second theme has got five sub-themes which were discussed further in chapter three. The last theme was that professional nurses have positive experiences when caring for psychiatric patients in rural communities. This theme has got two sub-themes as well discussed further in chapter three.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Infection control practices for the prevention of surgical site infections in the operating room
- Authors: Opadotun, Olukemi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Surgical wound infections -- Prevention , Wounds and injuries -- Nursing , Operating room nursing , Surgical nursing , Evidence-based nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10050 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1017195
- Description: Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during the post-operative phase of patients’ recovery. Wound infections are the second most commonly encountered type of nosocomial infection. Because wound infections can be introduced by not applying infection control measures and sterile technique principles in the operating room, the implementation of infection control principles is an imperative. The aim of this study was to explore and describe infection control practices related to the prevention of Surgical site infections in the operating rooms in a public health care sector in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The findings were compared with practices, as indicated in an evidence-based guideline. The research design was quantitative, explorative, descriptive, comparative-descriptive and contextual in nature. The research sample consisted of all the professional nurses, in the operating room. The data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data in the form of tables and graphs. Based on the analysis of the data, some recommendations were made for the implementation of infection control practices, in order to prevent Surgical site infections in the operating room.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Opadotun, Olukemi
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Surgical wound infections -- Prevention , Wounds and injuries -- Nursing , Operating room nursing , Surgical nursing , Evidence-based nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10050 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1017195
- Description: Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during the post-operative phase of patients’ recovery. Wound infections are the second most commonly encountered type of nosocomial infection. Because wound infections can be introduced by not applying infection control measures and sterile technique principles in the operating room, the implementation of infection control principles is an imperative. The aim of this study was to explore and describe infection control practices related to the prevention of Surgical site infections in the operating rooms in a public health care sector in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The findings were compared with practices, as indicated in an evidence-based guideline. The research design was quantitative, explorative, descriptive, comparative-descriptive and contextual in nature. The research sample consisted of all the professional nurses, in the operating room. The data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data in the form of tables and graphs. Based on the analysis of the data, some recommendations were made for the implementation of infection control practices, in order to prevent Surgical site infections in the operating room.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Perceptions of private sector midwives and obstetricians regarding collaborative maternity
- Authors: Wibbelink, Margreet
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Maternal health services , Maternal health care teams
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10067 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020979
- Description: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that no region in the world is justified in having a caesarean section rate greater than 10-15 percent, calculated as the number of caesarean deliveries over the total number of live births. There is however, an international increase in the rate of caesarean section deliveries and this is a concern to midwives. The increase is evident in South Africa as well. Currently the rate of caesarean section deliveries in the private sector can be as high as 70 percent per total number of live births per year. As a result, the public often perceives giving birth surgically in South Africa as ‘normal’ and ‘safer’ than vaginal delivery, even for low-risk pregnancies. The lack of involvement of midwives in the care of pregnant women in the private sector is indicated as one of the reasons related to the high caesarean section delivery rates. This motivated the researcher to undertake a study to explore and describe the perceptions of private sector midwives and obstetricians regarding the feasibility of collaboration in maternity care. A literature review to support the study identified research done previously regarding collaborative maternity care. The study followed a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual design. The research population included midwives and obstetricians in the private sector in the Eastern Cape. Non-probability, purposive sampling was used. The researcher conducted semi-structured one-to-one interviews to collect information rich data. The researcher ensured that the study was conducted in an ethical manner by adhering to ethical principles such as autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. The interviews were transcribed and Creswell’s’ data analysis spiral was used as a guide for the data analysis. Themes and sub-themes were identified and grouped together to form new categories. An independent coder assisted with the coding process. Data analysis results revealed the following results Participants perceived a collaborative working relationship as being beneficial to maternity care. Participants identified that there might be critical impediments that need to be faced in order to realize collaborative maternity care. The researcher ensured the validity of the study by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness, which consists of the following four criteria namely credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. The information obtained from this study assisted in developing guidelines to facilitate the implementation of collaborative maternity care between midwives and obstetricians in private practice in South Africa. The objective of the study was thus met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Wibbelink, Margreet
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Maternal health services , Maternal health care teams
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10067 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020979
- Description: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that no region in the world is justified in having a caesarean section rate greater than 10-15 percent, calculated as the number of caesarean deliveries over the total number of live births. There is however, an international increase in the rate of caesarean section deliveries and this is a concern to midwives. The increase is evident in South Africa as well. Currently the rate of caesarean section deliveries in the private sector can be as high as 70 percent per total number of live births per year. As a result, the public often perceives giving birth surgically in South Africa as ‘normal’ and ‘safer’ than vaginal delivery, even for low-risk pregnancies. The lack of involvement of midwives in the care of pregnant women in the private sector is indicated as one of the reasons related to the high caesarean section delivery rates. This motivated the researcher to undertake a study to explore and describe the perceptions of private sector midwives and obstetricians regarding the feasibility of collaboration in maternity care. A literature review to support the study identified research done previously regarding collaborative maternity care. The study followed a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual design. The research population included midwives and obstetricians in the private sector in the Eastern Cape. Non-probability, purposive sampling was used. The researcher conducted semi-structured one-to-one interviews to collect information rich data. The researcher ensured that the study was conducted in an ethical manner by adhering to ethical principles such as autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. The interviews were transcribed and Creswell’s’ data analysis spiral was used as a guide for the data analysis. Themes and sub-themes were identified and grouped together to form new categories. An independent coder assisted with the coding process. Data analysis results revealed the following results Participants perceived a collaborative working relationship as being beneficial to maternity care. Participants identified that there might be critical impediments that need to be faced in order to realize collaborative maternity care. The researcher ensured the validity of the study by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness, which consists of the following four criteria namely credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. The information obtained from this study assisted in developing guidelines to facilitate the implementation of collaborative maternity care between midwives and obstetricians in private practice in South Africa. The objective of the study was thus met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Strategies for the implementation of clinical practice guidelines in the intensive care : a systematic review
- Authors: Mpasa, Ferestas
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Systematic reviews (Medical research) , Physician practice patterns , Intensive care units
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10059 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020046
- Description: Implementation strategies for the use of clinical practice guidelines are an integral component in bridging the gap between the best research evidence and clinical practice. However, despite some remarkable investments in health research regarding clinical practice guidelines implementation strategies, it is not yet known which of these are the most effective for intensive care units. The purpose of this research study was to systematically identify and /or search, appraise, extract and synthesize the best available evidence for clinical practice guidelines implementation strategies in intensive care units, in order to develop a draft guideline for clinical practice guidelines implementation strategies in the intensive care units. A systematic review design was used to systematically identify and /or search, appraise, extract and synthesize the best available evidence from the eligible included Level 2 studies (randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies). Level 2 studies were applicable because they present robust evidence in the research results regarding effectiveness of clinical practice guideline implementation strategies. Furthermore, although other systematic reviews conducted in this area before, they included studies of In addition, no systematic review was identified that reviewed Level 2 studies and developed a guideline for clinical practice guideline implementation strategies in the intensive care units. Hence, including only Level 2 studies was distinctive to this research study. Databases searched included: CINAHL with full text, Google Scholar, Academic search complete, Cochrane Register for Randomized Controlled Trials Issue 8 of 12, August 2013, and MEDLINE via PUBMED. Hand search in bound journals was also done. The search strategy identified 315 potentially relevant studies. After the process of critical appraisal, thirteen Level 2 studies were identified as relevant for the review. Of the 13 relevant studies, 10 were randomized controlled trials and three were quasi experimental studies. After the critical appraisal ten RCTs were included in the systematic review. Three studies (quasi-experimental) were excluded on the basis of methodological quality after the critical appraisal and agreement by the two independent reviewers. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal MASTARI Instrument for Randomized Controlled trials/ Experimental studies, and The Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction tools were used to critically appraise, and extract data from the ten included randomized controlled trials. The two reviewers who performed the critical appraisal were qualified critical care professional nurses and experts in research methodology. These reviewers conducted the critical appraisal independently to ensure the objectivity of the process. Appropriate ethical considerations were maintained throughout the process of the research study. The results indicated that 80 percent of the included studies were conducted in adult intensive care units while 20 percent were conducted in the neonatal intensive care units. Furthermore, 60 percent of the studies were conducted in the United States of America, 10 percent in France, a further 10 percent in Taiwan, another 10 percent in England and yet another 10 percfent was conducted in Australia and Newzealand. The included studies utilized more than one (multifaceted) implementation strategies to implement clinical practice guidelines in the intensive care units. The first most utilized were: printed educational materials; Information/ educational sessions/meetings; audit and feedback and champion/local opinion leaders; seconded by educational outreach visits; and computer or internet usage. Third most used were active/passive reminders; systems support; academic detailing/ one-on-one sessions teleconferences/videoconferences and workshops/in services. Fourth most used were ollaboration/interdisciplinary teams; slide shows, teleconferences/videoconferences and discussions. Fifth most used were practical training; monitoring visits and grand rounds. However all the strategies were of equal importance. Conclusively, the included studies utilized multifaceted implementation strategies. However, no study indicated the use of a guideline for the implementation strategies in the process of clinical practice guidelines implementation. The systematic review developed a draft guideline for clinical practice guideline implementation strategies in the intensive care units. The guideline will enhance effective implementation of clinical practice guidelines in such a complex environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Mpasa, Ferestas
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Systematic reviews (Medical research) , Physician practice patterns , Intensive care units
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: vital:10059 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020046
- Description: Implementation strategies for the use of clinical practice guidelines are an integral component in bridging the gap between the best research evidence and clinical practice. However, despite some remarkable investments in health research regarding clinical practice guidelines implementation strategies, it is not yet known which of these are the most effective for intensive care units. The purpose of this research study was to systematically identify and /or search, appraise, extract and synthesize the best available evidence for clinical practice guidelines implementation strategies in intensive care units, in order to develop a draft guideline for clinical practice guidelines implementation strategies in the intensive care units. A systematic review design was used to systematically identify and /or search, appraise, extract and synthesize the best available evidence from the eligible included Level 2 studies (randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies). Level 2 studies were applicable because they present robust evidence in the research results regarding effectiveness of clinical practice guideline implementation strategies. Furthermore, although other systematic reviews conducted in this area before, they included studies of In addition, no systematic review was identified that reviewed Level 2 studies and developed a guideline for clinical practice guideline implementation strategies in the intensive care units. Hence, including only Level 2 studies was distinctive to this research study. Databases searched included: CINAHL with full text, Google Scholar, Academic search complete, Cochrane Register for Randomized Controlled Trials Issue 8 of 12, August 2013, and MEDLINE via PUBMED. Hand search in bound journals was also done. The search strategy identified 315 potentially relevant studies. After the process of critical appraisal, thirteen Level 2 studies were identified as relevant for the review. Of the 13 relevant studies, 10 were randomized controlled trials and three were quasi experimental studies. After the critical appraisal ten RCTs were included in the systematic review. Three studies (quasi-experimental) were excluded on the basis of methodological quality after the critical appraisal and agreement by the two independent reviewers. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal MASTARI Instrument for Randomized Controlled trials/ Experimental studies, and The Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction tools were used to critically appraise, and extract data from the ten included randomized controlled trials. The two reviewers who performed the critical appraisal were qualified critical care professional nurses and experts in research methodology. These reviewers conducted the critical appraisal independently to ensure the objectivity of the process. Appropriate ethical considerations were maintained throughout the process of the research study. The results indicated that 80 percent of the included studies were conducted in adult intensive care units while 20 percent were conducted in the neonatal intensive care units. Furthermore, 60 percent of the studies were conducted in the United States of America, 10 percent in France, a further 10 percent in Taiwan, another 10 percent in England and yet another 10 percfent was conducted in Australia and Newzealand. The included studies utilized more than one (multifaceted) implementation strategies to implement clinical practice guidelines in the intensive care units. The first most utilized were: printed educational materials; Information/ educational sessions/meetings; audit and feedback and champion/local opinion leaders; seconded by educational outreach visits; and computer or internet usage. Third most used were active/passive reminders; systems support; academic detailing/ one-on-one sessions teleconferences/videoconferences and workshops/in services. Fourth most used were ollaboration/interdisciplinary teams; slide shows, teleconferences/videoconferences and discussions. Fifth most used were practical training; monitoring visits and grand rounds. However all the strategies were of equal importance. Conclusively, the included studies utilized multifaceted implementation strategies. However, no study indicated the use of a guideline for the implementation strategies in the process of clinical practice guidelines implementation. The systematic review developed a draft guideline for clinical practice guideline implementation strategies in the intensive care units. The guideline will enhance effective implementation of clinical practice guidelines in such a complex environment.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
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