Varying degrees of spatio-temporal partitioning among large carnivores in a fenced reserve, South Africa
- Evers, Emma E M, Pretorius, Mariëtte E, Venter, Jan A, Honiball, Terry-Lee, Keith, Mark, Mgqatsa, Nokubonga, Somers, Michael J
- Authors: Evers, Emma E M , Pretorius, Mariëtte E , Venter, Jan A , Honiball, Terry-Lee , Keith, Mark , Mgqatsa, Nokubonga , Somers, Michael J
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/462779 , vital:76334 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1071/WR21045"
- Description: Context The spatio-temporal partitioning of large carnivores is influenced by interspecific competition and coexistence within small, enclosed reserves. Lions (Panthera leo), spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) and leopards (Panthera pardus) are the three largest African carnivores and have the greatest potential for intra-guild competition, particularly where space is limited.Aim To investigate the spatio-temporal partitioning between lions, spotted hyaenas and leopards in a small (~75 000 ha), enclosed nature reserve, Madikwe Game Reserve (Madikwe), South Africa.Methods We deployed 110 camera traps (baited n = 55 and unbaited n = 55) across Madikwe from 26 August 2019 until 6 May 2020. Von Mises kernel density plots were used to investigate daily temporal partitioning among the three species. A multiple-species, single-season occupancy model was used to investigate daily space use patterns.Key results We found both temporal and spatial exclusion between lions and spotted hyaenas on Madikwe. However, no evidence was found of spatio-temporal partitioning between lions and leopards, and spotted hyaenas and leopards.Conclusions Exploitative and interference competition on Madikwe might be high enough to warrant spatio-temporal partitioning between lions and spotted hyaenas to avoid the negative effects of intra-guild competition. Contrastingly, patterns observed between leopards and both lions and spotted hyaenas preclude the possibility of top-down control by superior carnivores.Implication These findings call for an adaptive management approach, where both carnivore and prey species compositions are constantly monitored. Management strategies such as these will allow for the conservation of valuable resources (i.e. prey species) to ensure the persistence of large carnivore populations across African ecosystems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Evers, Emma E M , Pretorius, Mariëtte E , Venter, Jan A , Honiball, Terry-Lee , Keith, Mark , Mgqatsa, Nokubonga , Somers, Michael J
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/462779 , vital:76334 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1071/WR21045"
- Description: Context The spatio-temporal partitioning of large carnivores is influenced by interspecific competition and coexistence within small, enclosed reserves. Lions (Panthera leo), spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) and leopards (Panthera pardus) are the three largest African carnivores and have the greatest potential for intra-guild competition, particularly where space is limited.Aim To investigate the spatio-temporal partitioning between lions, spotted hyaenas and leopards in a small (~75 000 ha), enclosed nature reserve, Madikwe Game Reserve (Madikwe), South Africa.Methods We deployed 110 camera traps (baited n = 55 and unbaited n = 55) across Madikwe from 26 August 2019 until 6 May 2020. Von Mises kernel density plots were used to investigate daily temporal partitioning among the three species. A multiple-species, single-season occupancy model was used to investigate daily space use patterns.Key results We found both temporal and spatial exclusion between lions and spotted hyaenas on Madikwe. However, no evidence was found of spatio-temporal partitioning between lions and leopards, and spotted hyaenas and leopards.Conclusions Exploitative and interference competition on Madikwe might be high enough to warrant spatio-temporal partitioning between lions and spotted hyaenas to avoid the negative effects of intra-guild competition. Contrastingly, patterns observed between leopards and both lions and spotted hyaenas preclude the possibility of top-down control by superior carnivores.Implication These findings call for an adaptive management approach, where both carnivore and prey species compositions are constantly monitored. Management strategies such as these will allow for the conservation of valuable resources (i.e. prey species) to ensure the persistence of large carnivore populations across African ecosystems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Snapshot Safari: A large-scale collaborative to monitor Africa's remarkable biodiversity
- Pardo, Lain E, Bombaci, Sara, Huebner, Sarah E, Somers, Michael J, Fritz, Herve, Downs, Colleen, Guthmann, Abby, Hetem, Robyn S, Keith, Mark, le Roux, Aliza, Mgqatsa, Nokubonga, Packer, Craig, Palmer, Meredith S, Parker, Daniel M, Peel, Mike, Slotow, Rob, Strauss, W. Maartin, Swanepoel, Lourens, Tambling, Craig, Tsie, Nairobi, Vermeulen, Mika, Willi, Marco, Jachowski, David S, Venter, Jan A
- Authors: Pardo, Lain E , Bombaci, Sara , Huebner, Sarah E , Somers, Michael J , Fritz, Herve , Downs, Colleen , Guthmann, Abby , Hetem, Robyn S , Keith, Mark , le Roux, Aliza , Mgqatsa, Nokubonga , Packer, Craig , Palmer, Meredith S , Parker, Daniel M , Peel, Mike , Slotow, Rob , Strauss, W. Maartin , Swanepoel, Lourens , Tambling, Craig , Tsie, Nairobi , Vermeulen, Mika , Willi, Marco , Jachowski, David S , Venter, Jan A
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/462669 , vital:76324 , xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/8134"
- Description: Nature is experiencing degradation and extinction rates never recorded before in the history of Earth. Consequently, continuous large-scale monitoring programmes are critical, not only to provide insights into population trends but also to aid in understanding factors associated with altering population dynamics at various temporal and spatial scales. Continuous monitoring is important not only for tracking rare or threatened species but also to detect the increase of potentially invasive species4, and the trends in the populations of common species, which in some regions are declining even more rapidly than are rare species. The combination of citizen science and cutting-edge technologies has improved monitoring programmes. In this regard, camera traps have become a popular tool to engage with society while obtaining accurate scientific data. The importance of advances in technological monitoring has even been highlighted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) through the proposed 'Digital Ecosystem framework', a complex distributed network or interconnected socio-technological system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Pardo, Lain E , Bombaci, Sara , Huebner, Sarah E , Somers, Michael J , Fritz, Herve , Downs, Colleen , Guthmann, Abby , Hetem, Robyn S , Keith, Mark , le Roux, Aliza , Mgqatsa, Nokubonga , Packer, Craig , Palmer, Meredith S , Parker, Daniel M , Peel, Mike , Slotow, Rob , Strauss, W. Maartin , Swanepoel, Lourens , Tambling, Craig , Tsie, Nairobi , Vermeulen, Mika , Willi, Marco , Jachowski, David S , Venter, Jan A
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/462669 , vital:76324 , xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/8134"
- Description: Nature is experiencing degradation and extinction rates never recorded before in the history of Earth. Consequently, continuous large-scale monitoring programmes are critical, not only to provide insights into population trends but also to aid in understanding factors associated with altering population dynamics at various temporal and spatial scales. Continuous monitoring is important not only for tracking rare or threatened species but also to detect the increase of potentially invasive species4, and the trends in the populations of common species, which in some regions are declining even more rapidly than are rare species. The combination of citizen science and cutting-edge technologies has improved monitoring programmes. In this regard, camera traps have become a popular tool to engage with society while obtaining accurate scientific data. The importance of advances in technological monitoring has even been highlighted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) through the proposed 'Digital Ecosystem framework', a complex distributed network or interconnected socio-technological system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
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