Information systems and creative responses : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University
- Authors: Sainsbury, Malcolm
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Computer architecture , Information storage and retrieval systems , Computer engineering
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:663 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020732 , ISBN 0868102695
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Sainsbury, Malcolm
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Computer architecture , Information storage and retrieval systems , Computer engineering
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:663 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020732 , ISBN 0868102695
- Description: Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Innovations in gold extraction
- Authors: Davidson, Raymond John
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Gold -- Analysis -- Research Gold -- Metallurgy -- Research Gold mines and mining -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DSc
- Identifier: vital:4317 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004975
- Description: The thesis takes the form of a collection of publications and patents concerning gold extraction which were presented over a period of 18 years while employed at the Anglo American Research Laboratories.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Davidson, Raymond John
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Gold -- Analysis -- Research Gold -- Metallurgy -- Research Gold mines and mining -- Research
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DSc
- Identifier: vital:4317 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004975
- Description: The thesis takes the form of a collection of publications and patents concerning gold extraction which were presented over a period of 18 years while employed at the Anglo American Research Laboratories.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Interaction of cyanide with iron (II) phthalocyanine
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/295497 , vital:57347 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1039/DT9930003601"
- Description: The kinetics and equilibria for the reaction between cyanide and iron (II) phthalocyanine [Fe(pc)](H2pc = phthalocyanine) in dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) were studied at 25 °C. The complex [Fe(pc)(CN)2]2– is formed in two consecutive pseudo-first-order processes with k2f= 17.5 ± 0.8 dm3 mol–1 s–1 and k3f= 0.20 ± 0.05 dm3 mol–1 s–1, where k2f and k3f are the rate constants for the binding of the first and second cyanide ligands, respectively. The equilbrium constants were fund to be K2= 3.0 × 103 dm3 mol–1 and K3= 5.7 × 102 dm3 mol–1, for the formation of [Fe(pc)(CN)(dmso)]– and [Fe(pc)(CN)2]2–, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/295497 , vital:57347 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1039/DT9930003601"
- Description: The kinetics and equilibria for the reaction between cyanide and iron (II) phthalocyanine [Fe(pc)](H2pc = phthalocyanine) in dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) were studied at 25 °C. The complex [Fe(pc)(CN)2]2– is formed in two consecutive pseudo-first-order processes with k2f= 17.5 ± 0.8 dm3 mol–1 s–1 and k3f= 0.20 ± 0.05 dm3 mol–1 s–1, where k2f and k3f are the rate constants for the binding of the first and second cyanide ligands, respectively. The equilbrium constants were fund to be K2= 3.0 × 103 dm3 mol–1 and K3= 5.7 × 102 dm3 mol–1, for the formation of [Fe(pc)(CN)(dmso)]– and [Fe(pc)(CN)2]2–, respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Interactions between figs (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and fig wasps (Chalcidoidea, Agaonidae)
- Authors: Ware, Anthony Brian
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Fig -- South Africa Fig wasp -- South Africa Pollination Agaonidae Chalcid wasps
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5719 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005405
- Description: Fig trees (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and fig wasps (Chalcidoidea, Agaonidae) are uniquely associated. In one fig wasp group, the pollinators (Agaoninae), each species is generally host species-specific. The relationship is one of obligate mutualism where the wasps provide pollination services and in return utilises some of the ovules for larval development. Non-pollinating fig wasps (generally belonging to subfamilies other than the Agaoninae) may be gallers or parasitoids, and can also be host species-specific. In the accompanying studies we examined the factors governing the interactions between fig wasps and their host trees. Surveys of fig trees and their associated pollinating fig wasps conducted in southern Africa, Madagascar and The Comores generally confirmed their specific relationships. An examination of F. sycomorlls in Madagascar resulted in the reclassification of F. sakalavarum as a distinct species with its own specific pollinator species. Biological and chemical evidence is presented demonstrating that the pollinators were able to distinguish their hosts through volatiles which emanated from the figs when they were ready to be pollinated. Environmental factors were found to influence wasp behaviour. Ambient temperature governed the timing of wasp emergence from their natal figs. When dispersing from their natal figs, the fig wasps flew upwards and then were blown downwind. Once nearing trees bearing figs ready to be pollinated, the wasps lost height and flew upwind towards the trees. E. baijnathi females apparently avoided figs which already contained a conspecific foundress. Scanning electron microscope studies of pollinating female fig wasp antennae showed that while all the species possessed multiporous plate sensilla, in only a few species were these sensilla elongated. Multiporous plate sensilla elongation is rare or absent among other female chalcids and may have evolved within the Agaoninae in order to facilitate their location on receptive host figs. Pollinator choice specificity appears to break down in a number of cases. In the first case examined, two pollinator species were recorded from the figs of African F. sycomorus. One. C. arabicus, pollinates the figs while the other, C. galili, acts as a 'cuckoo' by utilising some of ovules for oviposition without providing pollen. In the second case three pollinating fig wasp species were recorded from the rigs of F. lutea. Two were found to be incidental visitors and were not specifically attracted to the tree. The hybrid seeds from these crosses were successfully germinated but the seedlings did not grow passed the cotyledon stage of their development. In the concluding study the consequences of Ficus phenology and the structure of the fig's unusual inflorescence on the nonpollinating fig wasp community were examined. Various factors affecting the population levels and species richness were also examined. Future possible research directions were discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Ware, Anthony Brian
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Fig -- South Africa Fig wasp -- South Africa Pollination Agaonidae Chalcid wasps
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5719 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005405
- Description: Fig trees (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and fig wasps (Chalcidoidea, Agaonidae) are uniquely associated. In one fig wasp group, the pollinators (Agaoninae), each species is generally host species-specific. The relationship is one of obligate mutualism where the wasps provide pollination services and in return utilises some of the ovules for larval development. Non-pollinating fig wasps (generally belonging to subfamilies other than the Agaoninae) may be gallers or parasitoids, and can also be host species-specific. In the accompanying studies we examined the factors governing the interactions between fig wasps and their host trees. Surveys of fig trees and their associated pollinating fig wasps conducted in southern Africa, Madagascar and The Comores generally confirmed their specific relationships. An examination of F. sycomorlls in Madagascar resulted in the reclassification of F. sakalavarum as a distinct species with its own specific pollinator species. Biological and chemical evidence is presented demonstrating that the pollinators were able to distinguish their hosts through volatiles which emanated from the figs when they were ready to be pollinated. Environmental factors were found to influence wasp behaviour. Ambient temperature governed the timing of wasp emergence from their natal figs. When dispersing from their natal figs, the fig wasps flew upwards and then were blown downwind. Once nearing trees bearing figs ready to be pollinated, the wasps lost height and flew upwind towards the trees. E. baijnathi females apparently avoided figs which already contained a conspecific foundress. Scanning electron microscope studies of pollinating female fig wasp antennae showed that while all the species possessed multiporous plate sensilla, in only a few species were these sensilla elongated. Multiporous plate sensilla elongation is rare or absent among other female chalcids and may have evolved within the Agaoninae in order to facilitate their location on receptive host figs. Pollinator choice specificity appears to break down in a number of cases. In the first case examined, two pollinator species were recorded from the figs of African F. sycomorus. One. C. arabicus, pollinates the figs while the other, C. galili, acts as a 'cuckoo' by utilising some of ovules for oviposition without providing pollen. In the second case three pollinating fig wasp species were recorded from the rigs of F. lutea. Two were found to be incidental visitors and were not specifically attracted to the tree. The hybrid seeds from these crosses were successfully germinated but the seedlings did not grow passed the cotyledon stage of their development. In the concluding study the consequences of Ficus phenology and the structure of the fig's unusual inflorescence on the nonpollinating fig wasp community were examined. Various factors affecting the population levels and species richness were also examined. Future possible research directions were discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Is holding hands with bosses the way forward for the workers
- Authors: COSATU, TGWU
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: COSATU, TGWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178623 , vital:42962
- Description: The COSATU leadership is asking all its affiliates to discuss a way forward for South African workers. The COSATU National Office Bearers have produced a document titled "COSATU 1993 Discussion Paper on a Way Forward". It deals with the "Reconstruction Accord". This Accord is a plan for organised labour during this period of transition in South Africa. Since this plan is laying the foundations for a future South Africa, the COSATU document is therefore a plan for the future of the working class. In this short paper we are going to answer the most important questions concerning this COSATU document: Is this the way forward for the workers? Is this plan going to free the workers from the chains of poverty and suffering? Is this plan going to lay the foundations for workers control of the economy, of politics and of the country? Is this plan going to stop retrenchments and starvation wages? In other words, we are going to study the COSATU leadership 's proposals from the point of view of the needs of the workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: COSATU, TGWU
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: COSATU, TGWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/178623 , vital:42962
- Description: The COSATU leadership is asking all its affiliates to discuss a way forward for South African workers. The COSATU National Office Bearers have produced a document titled "COSATU 1993 Discussion Paper on a Way Forward". It deals with the "Reconstruction Accord". This Accord is a plan for organised labour during this period of transition in South Africa. Since this plan is laying the foundations for a future South Africa, the COSATU document is therefore a plan for the future of the working class. In this short paper we are going to answer the most important questions concerning this COSATU document: Is this the way forward for the workers? Is this plan going to free the workers from the chains of poverty and suffering? Is this plan going to lay the foundations for workers control of the economy, of politics and of the country? Is this plan going to stop retrenchments and starvation wages? In other words, we are going to study the COSATU leadership 's proposals from the point of view of the needs of the workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Kinetics of the reaction of cyanide with ruthenium phthalocyanine complexes
- Nyokong, Tebello, Guthrie-Strachan, Jeffry
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Guthrie-Strachan, Jeffry
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/295509 , vital:57348 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1693(00)85128-2"
- Description: Kinetic studies of the reaction of cyanide with (CO)(DMF)RuPc and (DMSO)2RuPc in DMF are reported. In the presence of a large excess of cyanide, the (CN)2RuPc complex is formed by pseudo first order kinetics. The reaction is first order in both cyanide and phthalocyanine, with specific rate constants of 5.2×10−2 and 7.2×10−2 M−1 s−1 for reactions of cyanide with (CO)(DMF)RuPc and (DMSO)2RuPc, respectively. The rate constants correspond to the coordination of the second cyanide ligand to the ruthenium phthalocyanine species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Guthrie-Strachan, Jeffry
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/295509 , vital:57348 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1693(00)85128-2"
- Description: Kinetic studies of the reaction of cyanide with (CO)(DMF)RuPc and (DMSO)2RuPc in DMF are reported. In the presence of a large excess of cyanide, the (CN)2RuPc complex is formed by pseudo first order kinetics. The reaction is first order in both cyanide and phthalocyanine, with specific rate constants of 5.2×10−2 and 7.2×10−2 M−1 s−1 for reactions of cyanide with (CO)(DMF)RuPc and (DMSO)2RuPc, respectively. The rate constants correspond to the coordination of the second cyanide ligand to the ruthenium phthalocyanine species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
King William's Town during the South African War, 1899-1902 an urban, social, economic and cultural history
- Authors: Webb, D. A
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: South African War, 1899-1902 , King William's Town (South Africa)--Population , King William's Town (South Africa)--Economic conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Social conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Race relations , King William's Town (South Africa --Commerce , King William's Town (South Africa)--Industries , Imvo Zabantsundu (Newspaper) , Local government--South Africa-- King William's Town , Crime--South Africa--King William's Town , King William's Town (South Africa)--History , South Africa--History, Military
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.A.
- Identifier: vital:2571 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002424 , South African War, 1899-1902 , King William's Town (South Africa)--Population , King William's Town (South Africa)--Economic conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Social conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Race relations , King William's Town (South Africa --Commerce , King William's Town (South Africa)--Industries , Imvo Zabantsundu (Newspaper) , Local government--South Africa-- King William's Town , Crime--South Africa--King William's Town , King William's Town (South Africa)--History , South Africa--History, Military
- Description: This thesis examines the urban social, economic and cultural history of a community under stress and in transition at the turn of the century. Two themes run through the study: how the residents responded to long-term challenges such as the decline of the town in relation to its nearest urban neighbour, the increasing significance of the black population of the town and district, and the end of the millennium; and secondly, the effects of the South African War on King William's Town society and how the residents perceived the various stresses it exerted on the town. Chapter 1, by way of introduction, provides a general overview of the history of King William's Town and of the current state of historical research on the town. It also examines historiographical strands reflected in this study, focusing on urban history, social history, local history and the new cultural history. The chapter ends with a brief note on sources and methodology. Chapter 2 sets the scene be examining the population of the town and district in relation to its eastern Cape neighbours. It briefly explores the settlement patterns in the town, and the social divisions and racial attitudes manifested by its inhabitants. The third chapter provides a study of the town's economy with particular emphasis on the mercantile sector, agriculture and manufacturing. The informal sector, domestic service and labour relations are also explored. Political processes in this period are dealt with in Chapter 4. The 1898 elections and the re-alignment of political allegiances, the outbreak of the war, the main political issues that emerged and the suppression of the Imvo Zabantsundu newspaper are discussed. Chapter 5 provides an examination of military aspects of the town and district during the war. The impact of the imperial garrison, the attitudes of the residents to the war and the imposition and effects of martial law are amongst the topics covered. The next chapter deals with municipal matters, with particular reference to the townspeople's attitudes to Borough status, public health and sanitation, municipal locations and residential segregation, and the various successes and failures of the Borough Council during the war. The seventh chapter focuses on crime, legislation and social control in the town. The number and type of criminal incidents during the period are analyzed, the various laws establishing the parameters of society and the manner in which these were applied are examined. Chapter 8 seeks to define the cultural contours of the town, looking at religion, the large number of different clubs and societies, sport and recreation. It explores the way in which cultural pursuits were both a reflection and a reinforcement of the social, political and economic order. The ninth and final chapter links the preceding themes with regard to the effects of the war on King William's Town society, with particular reference to the mentalité of the community as displayed in the attitudes of the residents to the various developments discussed in the body of the thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Webb, D. A
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: South African War, 1899-1902 , King William's Town (South Africa)--Population , King William's Town (South Africa)--Economic conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Social conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Race relations , King William's Town (South Africa --Commerce , King William's Town (South Africa)--Industries , Imvo Zabantsundu (Newspaper) , Local government--South Africa-- King William's Town , Crime--South Africa--King William's Town , King William's Town (South Africa)--History , South Africa--History, Military
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.A.
- Identifier: vital:2571 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002424 , South African War, 1899-1902 , King William's Town (South Africa)--Population , King William's Town (South Africa)--Economic conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Social conditions , King William's Town (South Africa)--Race relations , King William's Town (South Africa --Commerce , King William's Town (South Africa)--Industries , Imvo Zabantsundu (Newspaper) , Local government--South Africa-- King William's Town , Crime--South Africa--King William's Town , King William's Town (South Africa)--History , South Africa--History, Military
- Description: This thesis examines the urban social, economic and cultural history of a community under stress and in transition at the turn of the century. Two themes run through the study: how the residents responded to long-term challenges such as the decline of the town in relation to its nearest urban neighbour, the increasing significance of the black population of the town and district, and the end of the millennium; and secondly, the effects of the South African War on King William's Town society and how the residents perceived the various stresses it exerted on the town. Chapter 1, by way of introduction, provides a general overview of the history of King William's Town and of the current state of historical research on the town. It also examines historiographical strands reflected in this study, focusing on urban history, social history, local history and the new cultural history. The chapter ends with a brief note on sources and methodology. Chapter 2 sets the scene be examining the population of the town and district in relation to its eastern Cape neighbours. It briefly explores the settlement patterns in the town, and the social divisions and racial attitudes manifested by its inhabitants. The third chapter provides a study of the town's economy with particular emphasis on the mercantile sector, agriculture and manufacturing. The informal sector, domestic service and labour relations are also explored. Political processes in this period are dealt with in Chapter 4. The 1898 elections and the re-alignment of political allegiances, the outbreak of the war, the main political issues that emerged and the suppression of the Imvo Zabantsundu newspaper are discussed. Chapter 5 provides an examination of military aspects of the town and district during the war. The impact of the imperial garrison, the attitudes of the residents to the war and the imposition and effects of martial law are amongst the topics covered. The next chapter deals with municipal matters, with particular reference to the townspeople's attitudes to Borough status, public health and sanitation, municipal locations and residential segregation, and the various successes and failures of the Borough Council during the war. The seventh chapter focuses on crime, legislation and social control in the town. The number and type of criminal incidents during the period are analyzed, the various laws establishing the parameters of society and the manner in which these were applied are examined. Chapter 8 seeks to define the cultural contours of the town, looking at religion, the large number of different clubs and societies, sport and recreation. It explores the way in which cultural pursuits were both a reflection and a reinforcement of the social, political and economic order. The ninth and final chapter links the preceding themes with regard to the effects of the war on King William's Town society, with particular reference to the mentalité of the community as displayed in the attitudes of the residents to the various developments discussed in the body of the thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Kuhauzela
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96384 , vital:31269 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048b-04
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96384 , vital:31269 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048b-04
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Lateritisation and secondary gold distribution with particular reference to Western Australia
- Authors: Coxon, Brian Duncan
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Laterite -- Australia , Gold ores -- Geology -- Australia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4974 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005586 , Laterite -- Australia , Gold ores -- Geology -- Australia
- Description: Lateritisation is associated with tropical climates and geomorphic conditions of peneplanation where hydromorphic processes of weathering predominate. Laterites are products of relative (residual) and absolute(chemical) accumulation after leaching of mobile constituents. Their major element chemistry is controlled by the aluminous character of bedrock and drainage. Bauxitisation is characterised by residual gibbsite neoformation and lateritisation, by both residual accumulation and hydromorphic precipitation of goethite controlled by the redox front at the water table. The laterite forms part of a weathering profile that is underlain by saprock, saprolite, the mottled zone and overlain by a soil horizon. The secondary gold in laterites has its source invariably with mineralised bedrock. The distribution of secondary gold is controlled by mechanical eluviation and hydromorphic processes governed by organic, thiosulphate and chloride complexing. The precipitation of secondary gold is controlled by pH conditions, stability of the complexing agent and ferrolysis. Gold-bearing laterites are Cainozoic in age and are best developed on stable Archean and Proterozoic cratons that have suffered epeirogenesis since lateritisation. Mechanical eluviation increases in influence at the expense of hydromorphic processes as a positive function of topographic slope and degradation rate. Gradients greater than 10⁰ are not conducive for lateritisation, with latosols forming instead. High vertical degradation rates may lead to the development of stone lines. In the Western Australian case, post-laterite aridification has controlled the redistribution of secondary gold at levels marked by stabilisation of the receding palaeowater table. Mineable reserves of lateritic ore are located at Boddington, Westonia and Gibson toward the south-west of the Yilgarn Block. A significant controlling variable appears to be the concentration of chloride in the regolith. Based on the Boddington model, the laterite concentrates the following elements from bedrock gold lodes: i) Mo, Sb, W, Hg, Bi and Au as mobile constituents. ii) As and Pb as immobile constituents. Geochemical sampling of ferruginous lag after bedrock and laterite has provided dispersed anomalies that are easily identifiable. "Chalcophile corridors" up to 150 km in length are defined broadly by As and Sb but contain more discrete anomalies of Bi, Mo, Ag, Sn, W, Se or Au, in the Yilgarn Block. The nature of the weathered bedrock, the tabular distribution of secondary gold ore deposition and the infrastructural environment lends the lateritic regolith to low cost, open-cut mining. The western Australian lateritic-gold model perhaps can be adapted and modified for use elsewhere in the world.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Coxon, Brian Duncan
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Laterite -- Australia , Gold ores -- Geology -- Australia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4974 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005586 , Laterite -- Australia , Gold ores -- Geology -- Australia
- Description: Lateritisation is associated with tropical climates and geomorphic conditions of peneplanation where hydromorphic processes of weathering predominate. Laterites are products of relative (residual) and absolute(chemical) accumulation after leaching of mobile constituents. Their major element chemistry is controlled by the aluminous character of bedrock and drainage. Bauxitisation is characterised by residual gibbsite neoformation and lateritisation, by both residual accumulation and hydromorphic precipitation of goethite controlled by the redox front at the water table. The laterite forms part of a weathering profile that is underlain by saprock, saprolite, the mottled zone and overlain by a soil horizon. The secondary gold in laterites has its source invariably with mineralised bedrock. The distribution of secondary gold is controlled by mechanical eluviation and hydromorphic processes governed by organic, thiosulphate and chloride complexing. The precipitation of secondary gold is controlled by pH conditions, stability of the complexing agent and ferrolysis. Gold-bearing laterites are Cainozoic in age and are best developed on stable Archean and Proterozoic cratons that have suffered epeirogenesis since lateritisation. Mechanical eluviation increases in influence at the expense of hydromorphic processes as a positive function of topographic slope and degradation rate. Gradients greater than 10⁰ are not conducive for lateritisation, with latosols forming instead. High vertical degradation rates may lead to the development of stone lines. In the Western Australian case, post-laterite aridification has controlled the redistribution of secondary gold at levels marked by stabilisation of the receding palaeowater table. Mineable reserves of lateritic ore are located at Boddington, Westonia and Gibson toward the south-west of the Yilgarn Block. A significant controlling variable appears to be the concentration of chloride in the regolith. Based on the Boddington model, the laterite concentrates the following elements from bedrock gold lodes: i) Mo, Sb, W, Hg, Bi and Au as mobile constituents. ii) As and Pb as immobile constituents. Geochemical sampling of ferruginous lag after bedrock and laterite has provided dispersed anomalies that are easily identifiable. "Chalcophile corridors" up to 150 km in length are defined broadly by As and Sb but contain more discrete anomalies of Bi, Mo, Ag, Sn, W, Se or Au, in the Yilgarn Block. The nature of the weathered bedrock, the tabular distribution of secondary gold ore deposition and the infrastructural environment lends the lateritic regolith to low cost, open-cut mining. The western Australian lateritic-gold model perhaps can be adapted and modified for use elsewhere in the world.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Mabandla
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96389 , vital:31270 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048b-05
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96389 , vital:31270 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048b-05
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Mchuyo
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96357 , vital:31266 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048b-01
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96357 , vital:31266 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048b-01
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Mediation and the nature of cognitive socialization in the crèche and the home in a black rural context
- Authors: Van der Riet, Mary Boudine
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Socialization , Day care centers -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects , Social change -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3077 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002586 , Socialization , Day care centers -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects , Social change -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects
- Description: This thesis examines socialization in the homes and crèches of a rural area in a time of change. Change which is controlled and initiated from outside the local context, creates a dilemma for socialization agents when it introduces a knowledge paradigm different from that operating locally. Rural South African communities frequently experience exogenous change. The introduction of rural preschools, locally known as crèches, provides one example of such change challenging local socialization agents. While rural residents may not operate within knowledge paradigms to deal effectively with such change, they are not necessarily defeated by it. They "grapple" with the uncertainty, developing ways of coping and containing the change. This forms the focus of this thesis. Vygotsky's concept of mediation and conceptualization of the individual/society relationship, informs the examination of "grappling" with change. Two central questions are addressed: In an unfamiliar situation, what is mediated and what resources are drawn on? The research was designed around the recognition of the process nature of research, the constructivism inherent in research and the significance of the social context. Two central mediators, the mother and the crèche teacher, and the broader social context of the home and the creche, were examined. Three levels of investigation were utilised. An analysis of mediation in dyads working on an unfamiliar task provided insight into the social/psychological dynamics. Interviews with residents highlighted socialization beliefs and practices and the social context. Analysis of verses and stories taught to children revealed the inherent ideology of socialization. The main findings of this study are that: Rural residents "grapple" with social change by drawing on their own resources; in "grappling" with the unfamiliar what is mediated is an adult/child interactional status based on the inherent ideology of socialization and the dominant resource drawn on is the "culture of orality". It is argued that in the situation of neither mastery nor defeat, rural residents have used intermediary strategies of coping and containing the effect of the preschool as an agent of exogenous, social change. Recommendations are made for integrating "socialized" and "learned" knowledge from the home and the crèche.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Van der Riet, Mary Boudine
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Socialization , Day care centers -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects , Social change -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3077 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002586 , Socialization , Day care centers -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects , Social change -- South Africa -- Ciskei -- Psychological aspects
- Description: This thesis examines socialization in the homes and crèches of a rural area in a time of change. Change which is controlled and initiated from outside the local context, creates a dilemma for socialization agents when it introduces a knowledge paradigm different from that operating locally. Rural South African communities frequently experience exogenous change. The introduction of rural preschools, locally known as crèches, provides one example of such change challenging local socialization agents. While rural residents may not operate within knowledge paradigms to deal effectively with such change, they are not necessarily defeated by it. They "grapple" with the uncertainty, developing ways of coping and containing the change. This forms the focus of this thesis. Vygotsky's concept of mediation and conceptualization of the individual/society relationship, informs the examination of "grappling" with change. Two central questions are addressed: In an unfamiliar situation, what is mediated and what resources are drawn on? The research was designed around the recognition of the process nature of research, the constructivism inherent in research and the significance of the social context. Two central mediators, the mother and the crèche teacher, and the broader social context of the home and the creche, were examined. Three levels of investigation were utilised. An analysis of mediation in dyads working on an unfamiliar task provided insight into the social/psychological dynamics. Interviews with residents highlighted socialization beliefs and practices and the social context. Analysis of verses and stories taught to children revealed the inherent ideology of socialization. The main findings of this study are that: Rural residents "grapple" with social change by drawing on their own resources; in "grappling" with the unfamiliar what is mediated is an adult/child interactional status based on the inherent ideology of socialization and the dominant resource drawn on is the "culture of orality". It is argued that in the situation of neither mastery nor defeat, rural residents have used intermediary strategies of coping and containing the effect of the preschool as an agent of exogenous, social change. Recommendations are made for integrating "socialized" and "learned" knowledge from the home and the crèche.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Mgeniso
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96327 , vital:31262 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-07
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96327 , vital:31262 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-07
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Morphological variation and its taxonomic implications for insular populations of Pseudocrenilabrus philander (Pisces: Cichlidae)
- Authors: Twentyman Jones, Vanessa
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Cichlids -- Morphology , Cichlids -- Conservation , Freshwater fishes -- Conservation -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5301 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005146 , Cichlids -- Morphology , Cichlids -- Conservation , Freshwater fishes -- Conservation -- Africa, Southern
- Description: The cichlid fish Pseudocrenilabrus philander is widely distributed in southern Africa. Many of the populations occur in small, insular, geographically isolated water bodies, some of which are in arid areas. These small allopatric populations have been isolated for thousands of years and gene flow between them is non-existent or severely restricted. Populations were found to be different in terms of coloration, size of individuals, sexual dimorphism and behaviour. This thesis involved the determination of the taxonomic status of these isolated populations, from a morphological point of view. This has been part of a larger project, involving genetic and behavioural studies, to determine whether the different populations are geographic races of a single species, or whether they are species. Heritability of the observed differences was tested by breeding through three generations under uniform laboratory conditions. The populations from which wild-caught individuals were drawn could be identified on the basis of colour. There were some differences in anatomy between populations, but none of these were entirely distinctive for a particular population. When bred under laboratory conditions, populations did not show a tendency towards uniformity, as would be expected if morphological differences were environmentally induced. However, there were slight changes in the oral and pharyngeal bone form which may be diet related. Although there are morphological differences between populations and between wild-caught and laboratory-bred populations, it is suggested that the populations of P. philander are not fully differentiated and thus in the stages of incipient speciation. other studies on P. philander have introduced an element of uncertainty in that they show different results. Behavioural work suggests that different populations would behave as different species if they were to become sympatric. Karyological and mitochondrial studies showed that there were no differences between populations. Protein electrophoresis showed that populations were genetically unique. Since the various species and subspecies of Pseudocrenilabrus have been based on morphological criteria, the approach and conclusions in this study are based entirely on morphological criteria. These studies have practical implications for conservation, as some of the small populations are threatened with extinction. If the differences between the populations were ecophenotypic (i.e. related to their environment), then threats to some populations would not affect the conservation status of the species as a whole. If, however, such differences were genetic (i.e. the populations have evolved separately), then the extinction of small, isolated populations could mean the loss of actual species. This study strongly suggests that populations are incipient species and thus should be conserved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Twentyman Jones, Vanessa
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Cichlids -- Morphology , Cichlids -- Conservation , Freshwater fishes -- Conservation -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5301 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005146 , Cichlids -- Morphology , Cichlids -- Conservation , Freshwater fishes -- Conservation -- Africa, Southern
- Description: The cichlid fish Pseudocrenilabrus philander is widely distributed in southern Africa. Many of the populations occur in small, insular, geographically isolated water bodies, some of which are in arid areas. These small allopatric populations have been isolated for thousands of years and gene flow between them is non-existent or severely restricted. Populations were found to be different in terms of coloration, size of individuals, sexual dimorphism and behaviour. This thesis involved the determination of the taxonomic status of these isolated populations, from a morphological point of view. This has been part of a larger project, involving genetic and behavioural studies, to determine whether the different populations are geographic races of a single species, or whether they are species. Heritability of the observed differences was tested by breeding through three generations under uniform laboratory conditions. The populations from which wild-caught individuals were drawn could be identified on the basis of colour. There were some differences in anatomy between populations, but none of these were entirely distinctive for a particular population. When bred under laboratory conditions, populations did not show a tendency towards uniformity, as would be expected if morphological differences were environmentally induced. However, there were slight changes in the oral and pharyngeal bone form which may be diet related. Although there are morphological differences between populations and between wild-caught and laboratory-bred populations, it is suggested that the populations of P. philander are not fully differentiated and thus in the stages of incipient speciation. other studies on P. philander have introduced an element of uncertainty in that they show different results. Behavioural work suggests that different populations would behave as different species if they were to become sympatric. Karyological and mitochondrial studies showed that there were no differences between populations. Protein electrophoresis showed that populations were genetically unique. Since the various species and subspecies of Pseudocrenilabrus have been based on morphological criteria, the approach and conclusions in this study are based entirely on morphological criteria. These studies have practical implications for conservation, as some of the small populations are threatened with extinction. If the differences between the populations were ecophenotypic (i.e. related to their environment), then threats to some populations would not affect the conservation status of the species as a whole. If, however, such differences were genetic (i.e. the populations have evolved separately), then the extinction of small, isolated populations could mean the loss of actual species. This study strongly suggests that populations are incipient species and thus should be conserved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
Mtsitso 1
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96207 , vital:31250 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-01
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96207 , vital:31250 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-01
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Mtsitso 2
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96212 , vital:31251 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-02
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96212 , vital:31251 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-02
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Mtsitso 3
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96290 , vital:31258 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-03
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96290 , vital:31258 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-03
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Mtsitso 4
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96298 , vital:31259 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-04
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96298 , vital:31259 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-04
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
Mtsitso 5
- Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group, Tracey, Andrew T N
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96303 , vital:31260 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-05
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Venancio Mbande and his Chopi timbila xylophone group , Tracey, Andrew T N
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: Chopi (African people) -- South Africa , Folk music , Xylophone music , Rattle (Musical instrument) , Drum (Musical instrument) , Europe Holland Hague e-ne
- Language: Chopi
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , Sound recording material
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/96303 , vital:31260 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , ATC048a-05
- Description: Traditional dance song accompanied by timbila xylophone rattles and one drum
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1993