Water, Transport, Oil and Food: A Political–Economy–Ecology Lens on Changing Conceptions of Work, Learning and Skills Development in Africa
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434894 , vital:73114 , ISBN 978-1529224634 , https://bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/transitioning-vocational-education-and-training-in-africa
- Description: Not enough has been said about the kinds of skills develop-ment that are needed if we are to stem the rising tides and impacts of political economies that have been driving what some call ‘fossil capital’(Malm, 2016). In this book, we are producing an emerging argument that it is necessary to also rethink and reframe vocational education and training (VET) logics and approaches if we are to fully consider the implica-tions of a warming future. This chapter provides the context of why this is such an urgent challenge and some thinking tools for understanding where we have come from and where we need to go. The prognosis is that it is now almost impossible to stop global warming below 2oC. The 2021 In-tergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report is-sued a ‘red alert’for humanity, noting climate change to be one of the most severe challenges facing human societies for decades and potentially centuries to come. Scientists are warning that we have entered a new ‘geological epoch’, named the ‘Anthropocene’, in which human activity, especial-ly the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through fossil-based pollution, is transforming the stability of the earth system and creating knock on effects such as ice melt and methane release, which exacerbate the impacts of pollutants on the stability of the earth system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434894 , vital:73114 , ISBN 978-1529224634 , https://bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/transitioning-vocational-education-and-training-in-africa
- Description: Not enough has been said about the kinds of skills develop-ment that are needed if we are to stem the rising tides and impacts of political economies that have been driving what some call ‘fossil capital’(Malm, 2016). In this book, we are producing an emerging argument that it is necessary to also rethink and reframe vocational education and training (VET) logics and approaches if we are to fully consider the implica-tions of a warming future. This chapter provides the context of why this is such an urgent challenge and some thinking tools for understanding where we have come from and where we need to go. The prognosis is that it is now almost impossible to stop global warming below 2oC. The 2021 In-tergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report is-sued a ‘red alert’for humanity, noting climate change to be one of the most severe challenges facing human societies for decades and potentially centuries to come. Scientists are warning that we have entered a new ‘geological epoch’, named the ‘Anthropocene’, in which human activity, especial-ly the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through fossil-based pollution, is transforming the stability of the earth system and creating knock on effects such as ice melt and methane release, which exacerbate the impacts of pollutants on the stability of the earth system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
Academic development: Autonomy pathways towards gaining legitimacy
- Authors: Vorster, Jo-Anne A
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445759 , vital:74427 , ISBN 9781003028215 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003028215-16/academic-development-jo-anne-vorster
- Description: Despite playing a critical role in universities grappling with change, practitioners working in the field of academic staff development often struggle with legitimacy. Being a relatively young field in higher education, the challenges faced by these actors are largely un-theorized and under-researched. This chapter explores how academic staff development practitioners at eight universities seek (and gain) legitimacy amongst disciplinary academic peers. Drawing on LCT concepts of ‘autonomy codes’, it analyses practices in terms of the fields from which they come and the purpose to which they are directed. Data include publications by academic developers and interviews with academic developers, academics and senior managers of the eight institutions. The chapter demonstrates how academic developers often struggle to gain legitimacy as they occupy a liminal position between academic or administrative positions in relation to the disciplinary experts they work with. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the most successful academic development work occurs when disciplinary staff view academic development as enabling them to become better teachers. The chapter reveals how legitimacy may be more successfully enabled in the field of academic staff development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Vorster, Jo-Anne A
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445759 , vital:74427 , ISBN 9781003028215 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003028215-16/academic-development-jo-anne-vorster
- Description: Despite playing a critical role in universities grappling with change, practitioners working in the field of academic staff development often struggle with legitimacy. Being a relatively young field in higher education, the challenges faced by these actors are largely un-theorized and under-researched. This chapter explores how academic staff development practitioners at eight universities seek (and gain) legitimacy amongst disciplinary academic peers. Drawing on LCT concepts of ‘autonomy codes’, it analyses practices in terms of the fields from which they come and the purpose to which they are directed. Data include publications by academic developers and interviews with academic developers, academics and senior managers of the eight institutions. The chapter demonstrates how academic developers often struggle to gain legitimacy as they occupy a liminal position between academic or administrative positions in relation to the disciplinary experts they work with. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the most successful academic development work occurs when disciplinary staff view academic development as enabling them to become better teachers. The chapter reveals how legitimacy may be more successfully enabled in the field of academic staff development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Decolonizing the science curriculum: When good intentions are not enough
- Adendorff, Hanelie, Blackie, Margaret A L
- Authors: Adendorff, Hanelie , Blackie, Margaret A L
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445796 , vital:74433 , ISBN 9781003028215 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003028215-14/decolonizing-science-curriculum-hanelie-adendorff-margaret-blackie
- Description: Universities across the world are facing the need to transform as access is opened up and student cohorts diversify. In the case of South Africa, these calls for transformation are specifically related to ‘decolonization’. Since 2015, South African universities have experienced growing student protests as students mobilize against institutional racism and demand that higher education curricula are decolonized. This chapter uses the LCT specialization plane, which explores the basis of legitimacy in relation to knowledge and knowers, to analyse the content of these calls for decolonization, particularly with respect to science education. The analysis provides a way into real dialogue. Having established what is at stake in the conversation we turn to the ‘autonomy code’ to explore what decolonization might look like in practice and shows why current decolonization attempts might be perceived as perpetuating past injustices. Although focused on the South African context, this chapter offers generalizable principles applicable to any educational institutions undergoing transformation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Adendorff, Hanelie , Blackie, Margaret A L
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445796 , vital:74433 , ISBN 9781003028215 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003028215-14/decolonizing-science-curriculum-hanelie-adendorff-margaret-blackie
- Description: Universities across the world are facing the need to transform as access is opened up and student cohorts diversify. In the case of South Africa, these calls for transformation are specifically related to ‘decolonization’. Since 2015, South African universities have experienced growing student protests as students mobilize against institutional racism and demand that higher education curricula are decolonized. This chapter uses the LCT specialization plane, which explores the basis of legitimacy in relation to knowledge and knowers, to analyse the content of these calls for decolonization, particularly with respect to science education. The analysis provides a way into real dialogue. Having established what is at stake in the conversation we turn to the ‘autonomy code’ to explore what decolonization might look like in practice and shows why current decolonization attempts might be perceived as perpetuating past injustices. Although focused on the South African context, this chapter offers generalizable principles applicable to any educational institutions undergoing transformation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Eco-schools as education for sustainable development in rural South Africa
- Authors: Rosenberg, Eureta
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436854 , vital:73310 , ISBN 978-3-030-46820-0 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46820-0_16
- Description: This chapter takes the reader into the context of rural South Africa with a sketch of developmental and educational chal-lenges from the point of view of a young person born here. It goes on to ask whether Eco-Schools has a role in this chal-lenging context, as a vehicle for or form of Education for Sus-tainable Development (ESD). Past Eco-Schools evaluations are reviewed against current educational needs and livelihood opportunities. The findings suggest that Eco-Schools gives teachers greater environmental awareness and motivates pedagogical practices such as active learning in relation to lo-cally relevant issues. Learners develop environmental com-mitment and a sense of agency, and may become more com-mitted to academic learning – all of which is necessary to pre-pare them for thriving in and also improving their socio-ecological contexts. Eco-Schools further supports schools sys-temically through meaningful partnerships with external agen-cies. The conclusion is that attempts should be made to scale up and scale out this impact. In the process, key features of the programme should be preserved. These include a focus on sustainable solutions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Rosenberg, Eureta
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436854 , vital:73310 , ISBN 978-3-030-46820-0 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46820-0_16
- Description: This chapter takes the reader into the context of rural South Africa with a sketch of developmental and educational chal-lenges from the point of view of a young person born here. It goes on to ask whether Eco-Schools has a role in this chal-lenging context, as a vehicle for or form of Education for Sus-tainable Development (ESD). Past Eco-Schools evaluations are reviewed against current educational needs and livelihood opportunities. The findings suggest that Eco-Schools gives teachers greater environmental awareness and motivates pedagogical practices such as active learning in relation to lo-cally relevant issues. Learners develop environmental com-mitment and a sense of agency, and may become more com-mitted to academic learning – all of which is necessary to pre-pare them for thriving in and also improving their socio-ecological contexts. Eco-Schools further supports schools sys-temically through meaningful partnerships with external agen-cies. The conclusion is that attempts should be made to scale up and scale out this impact. In the process, key features of the programme should be preserved. These include a focus on sustainable solutions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Formative interventionist research generating iterative mediation processes in a vocational education and training learning network
- Lotz-Sisitka, Heila, Pesanayi, Tichaona V
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Pesanayi, Tichaona V
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370575 , vital:66356 , ISBN 9780429279362 , https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429279362
- Description: This chapter addresses a research problem identified in the vocational agricultural learning system where there was a gap in vocational education and training knowledge flow from research institutions to knowledge users. The chapter develops a theoretical framework for dealing with the problem of ‘knowledge flow’ in vocational education and training settings. The problem emerges around the uptake and use of relevant research-based knowledge resources on rainwater harvesting and conservation practices for agricultural education and training focused on small-scale farmers and household food producers in South Africa. These resources, despite their contemporary relevance, were not being used in agricultural colleges or in the related agricultural learning support system. Drawing on a social ecosystemic approach to knowledge flow and mediation, the chapter surfaces five iterative mediation processes developed via a generative, formative interventionist research process over a five year period (Lotz-Sisitka et al. 2016; Pesanayi, 2019; cf. Chapter 8) that facilitated the development of a regional learning network which enabled vertical facilitatory processes and horizontal connectivities that impacted on farmers’ food production system, as well as the agricultural learning system. We illuminate key features of these as important for supporting knowledge flow within a regional social ecosystemic framework for skills development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Pesanayi, Tichaona V
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/370575 , vital:66356 , ISBN 9780429279362 , https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429279362
- Description: This chapter addresses a research problem identified in the vocational agricultural learning system where there was a gap in vocational education and training knowledge flow from research institutions to knowledge users. The chapter develops a theoretical framework for dealing with the problem of ‘knowledge flow’ in vocational education and training settings. The problem emerges around the uptake and use of relevant research-based knowledge resources on rainwater harvesting and conservation practices for agricultural education and training focused on small-scale farmers and household food producers in South Africa. These resources, despite their contemporary relevance, were not being used in agricultural colleges or in the related agricultural learning support system. Drawing on a social ecosystemic approach to knowledge flow and mediation, the chapter surfaces five iterative mediation processes developed via a generative, formative interventionist research process over a five year period (Lotz-Sisitka et al. 2016; Pesanayi, 2019; cf. Chapter 8) that facilitated the development of a regional learning network which enabled vertical facilitatory processes and horizontal connectivities that impacted on farmers’ food production system, as well as the agricultural learning system. We illuminate key features of these as important for supporting knowledge flow within a regional social ecosystemic framework for skills development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Formative interventionist research generating iterative mediation processes in a vocational education and training learning network
- Lotz-Sisitka, Heila, Pesanayi, Tichaona
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Pesanayi, Tichaona
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435998 , vital:73219 , ISBN 9780429279362 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429279362-13/synthesis-elaboration-critical-realist-methodology-green-skills-research-eureta-rosenberg
- Description: This chapter addresses a research problem identified in the vocational agricultural learning system where there was a gap in vocational education and training knowledge flow from research institutions to knowledge users. The chapter develops a theoretical framework for dealing with the problem of ‘knowledge flow’ in vocational education and training settings. The problem emerges around the uptake and use of relevant research-based knowledge resources on rainwater harvesting and conservation practices for agricultural education and training focused on small-scale farmers and household food producers in South Africa. These resources, despite their con-temporary relevance, were not being used in agricultural col-leges or in the related agricultural learning support system. Drawing on a social ecosystemic approach to knowledge flow and mediation, the chapter surfaces five iterative mediation processes developed via a generative, formative interventionist research process over a five year period (Lotz-Sisitka et al. 2016; Pesanayi, 2019; cf. Chapter 8) that facilitated the development of a regional learning network which enabled vertical facilitatory processes and horizontal connectivities that impact-ed on farmers’ food production system, as well as the agricultural learning system. We illuminate key features of these as important for supporting knowledge flow within a regional social ecosystemic framework for skills development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila , Pesanayi, Tichaona
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/435998 , vital:73219 , ISBN 9780429279362 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429279362-13/synthesis-elaboration-critical-realist-methodology-green-skills-research-eureta-rosenberg
- Description: This chapter addresses a research problem identified in the vocational agricultural learning system where there was a gap in vocational education and training knowledge flow from research institutions to knowledge users. The chapter develops a theoretical framework for dealing with the problem of ‘knowledge flow’ in vocational education and training settings. The problem emerges around the uptake and use of relevant research-based knowledge resources on rainwater harvesting and conservation practices for agricultural education and training focused on small-scale farmers and household food producers in South Africa. These resources, despite their con-temporary relevance, were not being used in agricultural col-leges or in the related agricultural learning support system. Drawing on a social ecosystemic approach to knowledge flow and mediation, the chapter surfaces five iterative mediation processes developed via a generative, formative interventionist research process over a five year period (Lotz-Sisitka et al. 2016; Pesanayi, 2019; cf. Chapter 8) that facilitated the development of a regional learning network which enabled vertical facilitatory processes and horizontal connectivities that impact-ed on farmers’ food production system, as well as the agricultural learning system. We illuminate key features of these as important for supporting knowledge flow within a regional social ecosystemic framework for skills development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Bhaskar and collective action: Using laminations to structure a literature review of collective action and water management
- Authors: Burt, Jane C
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436978 , vital:73321 , ISBN 9781315660899 , https://www.routledge.com/Critical-Realism-Environmental-Learning-and-Social-Ecological-Change/Price-Lotz-Sistka/p/book/9780367597689
- Description: This chapter describes the use of Bhaskar’s lamination to make sense of the vast literature on collective action. The liter-ature review in the chapter was part of a broader study that in-vestigated collective action as essential for attaining the princi-ples of equity and sustainability set out in the post-apartheid South African Water Act. A laminated analysis of the literature revealed important insights such as: when dealing with collec-tive action we need to appreciate that all the levels of reality are acting simultaneously on a given context and cannot be resolved in isolation; collective action is inhibited or con-strained at different levels and scales by different things; and collective action is not suspended in a fixed context and can-not be encouraged by following a set formula. These insights point to the importance of learning to adapt as a core principle of collective action. Drawing on this research and experience of how collective action can be supported or inhibited gives insight into understanding our current limitations in supporting collective action and in understanding the kinds of collective action encounters that are occurring in catchments in South Africa. These understandings have implications for how we consider learning, and the potential contributions of learning-led change.This chapter describes the use of Bhaskar’s lamination to make sense of the vast literature on collective action. The liter-ature review in the chapter was part of a broader study that in-vestigated collective action as essential for attaining the princi-ples of equity and sustainability set out in the post-apartheid South African Water Act. A laminated analysis of the literature revealed important insights such as: when dealing with collec-tive action we need to appreciate that all the levels of reality are acting simultaneously on a given context and cannot be resolved in isolation; collective action is inhibited or con-strained at different levels and scales by different things; and collective action is not suspended in a fixed context and can-not be encouraged by following a set formula. These insights point to the importance of learning to adapt as a core principle of collective action. Drawing on this research and experience of how collective action can be supported or inhibited gives insight into understanding our current limitations in supporting collective action and in understanding the kinds of collective action encounters that are occurring in catchments in South Africa. These understandings have implications for how we consider learning, and the potential contributions of learning-led change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Burt, Jane C
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/436978 , vital:73321 , ISBN 9781315660899 , https://www.routledge.com/Critical-Realism-Environmental-Learning-and-Social-Ecological-Change/Price-Lotz-Sistka/p/book/9780367597689
- Description: This chapter describes the use of Bhaskar’s lamination to make sense of the vast literature on collective action. The liter-ature review in the chapter was part of a broader study that in-vestigated collective action as essential for attaining the princi-ples of equity and sustainability set out in the post-apartheid South African Water Act. A laminated analysis of the literature revealed important insights such as: when dealing with collec-tive action we need to appreciate that all the levels of reality are acting simultaneously on a given context and cannot be resolved in isolation; collective action is inhibited or con-strained at different levels and scales by different things; and collective action is not suspended in a fixed context and can-not be encouraged by following a set formula. These insights point to the importance of learning to adapt as a core principle of collective action. Drawing on this research and experience of how collective action can be supported or inhibited gives insight into understanding our current limitations in supporting collective action and in understanding the kinds of collective action encounters that are occurring in catchments in South Africa. These understandings have implications for how we consider learning, and the potential contributions of learning-led change.This chapter describes the use of Bhaskar’s lamination to make sense of the vast literature on collective action. The liter-ature review in the chapter was part of a broader study that in-vestigated collective action as essential for attaining the princi-ples of equity and sustainability set out in the post-apartheid South African Water Act. A laminated analysis of the literature revealed important insights such as: when dealing with collec-tive action we need to appreciate that all the levels of reality are acting simultaneously on a given context and cannot be resolved in isolation; collective action is inhibited or con-strained at different levels and scales by different things; and collective action is not suspended in a fixed context and can-not be encouraged by following a set formula. These insights point to the importance of learning to adapt as a core principle of collective action. Drawing on this research and experience of how collective action can be supported or inhibited gives insight into understanding our current limitations in supporting collective action and in understanding the kinds of collective action encounters that are occurring in catchments in South Africa. These understandings have implications for how we consider learning, and the potential contributions of learning-led change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Ecologically sustainable harvesting of non-timber forest products: Disarming the narrative and the complexity
- Shackleton, Charlie M, Pandey, Ashok K, Ticktin, Tamara
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Pandey, Ashok K , Ticktin, Tamara
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433670 , vital:72993 , ISBN 9781317916130 , https://www.routledge.com/Ecological-Sustainability-for-Non-timber-Forest-Products-Dynamics-and-Case/Shackleton-Pandey-Ticktin/p/book/9781138618251
- Description: As introduced at the outset of this book, the need for ecologically sustainable harvesting systems for tens of thousands of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) around the world is a requirement for the conservation of the species concerned, and the lives, livelihoods and economies that depend on those species. Ecological sustainability is not simply a ‘nice to have’, a marketing ploy or a conservation fad. Unsustainable harvesting leads to the decline, sooner or later, of NTFP gene pools, populations and species and hence the livelihoods, and species and ecosystem services dependent upon them. Often the negative impacts on peoples’ lives and incomes are not immediately apparent because they may substitute the diminishing returns from one species by harvesting another species, such as favoured firewood species for less preferred species (Madubansi and Shackleton 2007). However, the second, third or more substitute yields lower returns in quality or quantity (or both) than the most preferred species and so a trajectory of dwindling returns looms, either of the benefits obtained, or increased costs to access the benefits. On the other hand, the concept of an ecologically sustainable yield is relatively easy to grasp (Ticktin Chapter 3). All biological resources are renewable. If the rate of harvest is less than the rate of renewal, then the NTFP species or population should persist in the long term. This simplistic picture needs to be fine-tuned to ensure that there are no exacerbatory or synergistic impacts associated with the direct effects of harvesting (such as changes in browsing patterns or fire behaviour)(Ticktin and Shackleton 2011, Ticktin Chapter 3). Additionally, the effects at broader scales, ie beyond just the target species, need to be also taken into account, such as on pollinators, decomposers, nutrient cycles and the like (Ticktin 2004). But in principle, the definition and measurement of an ecologically sustainable yield is well within the means of modern science for the majority of plant and animal NTFP species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Pandey, Ashok K , Ticktin, Tamara
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433670 , vital:72993 , ISBN 9781317916130 , https://www.routledge.com/Ecological-Sustainability-for-Non-timber-Forest-Products-Dynamics-and-Case/Shackleton-Pandey-Ticktin/p/book/9781138618251
- Description: As introduced at the outset of this book, the need for ecologically sustainable harvesting systems for tens of thousands of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) around the world is a requirement for the conservation of the species concerned, and the lives, livelihoods and economies that depend on those species. Ecological sustainability is not simply a ‘nice to have’, a marketing ploy or a conservation fad. Unsustainable harvesting leads to the decline, sooner or later, of NTFP gene pools, populations and species and hence the livelihoods, and species and ecosystem services dependent upon them. Often the negative impacts on peoples’ lives and incomes are not immediately apparent because they may substitute the diminishing returns from one species by harvesting another species, such as favoured firewood species for less preferred species (Madubansi and Shackleton 2007). However, the second, third or more substitute yields lower returns in quality or quantity (or both) than the most preferred species and so a trajectory of dwindling returns looms, either of the benefits obtained, or increased costs to access the benefits. On the other hand, the concept of an ecologically sustainable yield is relatively easy to grasp (Ticktin Chapter 3). All biological resources are renewable. If the rate of harvest is less than the rate of renewal, then the NTFP species or population should persist in the long term. This simplistic picture needs to be fine-tuned to ensure that there are no exacerbatory or synergistic impacts associated with the direct effects of harvesting (such as changes in browsing patterns or fire behaviour)(Ticktin and Shackleton 2011, Ticktin Chapter 3). Additionally, the effects at broader scales, ie beyond just the target species, need to be also taken into account, such as on pollinators, decomposers, nutrient cycles and the like (Ticktin 2004). But in principle, the definition and measurement of an ecologically sustainable yield is well within the means of modern science for the majority of plant and animal NTFP species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Non-timber forest products in livelihoods
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433699 , vital:72995 , ISBN 9781317916130 , https://www.routledge.com/Ecological-Sustainability-for-Non-timber-Forest-Products-Dynamics-and-Case/Shackleton-Pandey-Ticktin/p/book/9781138618251
- Description: That people from around the world have incorporated numerous plant and animal products into their lives, economies, cultures, traditions and histories is well known, and is the subject of a multitude of academic and non-academic documents across many disciplines. Historically, the use of these products has underlain trade between cultures and continents and the domestication of many present day crops and breeds (Laws 2011), so much so, that most urban citizens in the developed world have forgotten the original wild origins of current day staples in foods (eg corn, potatoes, rice, tomatoes, oranges, melons, sugar, coffee, tea, spices), medicines (aspirin, codeine, quinine, strychnine), fibres (cotton, sisal, coir, hemp), resins (lacquer, gum Arabic, rubber, turpentine), dyes (cochineal, indigo, saffron), intoxicants (tobacco, mushrooms, cannabis, opium) and artefacts. While such staple foods, medicines and the like used by the ‘western’urban consumer have become domesticated and are now almost exclusively produced in farming systems or replaced by synthetic substitutes, thousands of other animal, plant and fungi species are still widely used by peoples around the world.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433699 , vital:72995 , ISBN 9781317916130 , https://www.routledge.com/Ecological-Sustainability-for-Non-timber-Forest-Products-Dynamics-and-Case/Shackleton-Pandey-Ticktin/p/book/9781138618251
- Description: That people from around the world have incorporated numerous plant and animal products into their lives, economies, cultures, traditions and histories is well known, and is the subject of a multitude of academic and non-academic documents across many disciplines. Historically, the use of these products has underlain trade between cultures and continents and the domestication of many present day crops and breeds (Laws 2011), so much so, that most urban citizens in the developed world have forgotten the original wild origins of current day staples in foods (eg corn, potatoes, rice, tomatoes, oranges, melons, sugar, coffee, tea, spices), medicines (aspirin, codeine, quinine, strychnine), fibres (cotton, sisal, coir, hemp), resins (lacquer, gum Arabic, rubber, turpentine), dyes (cochineal, indigo, saffron), intoxicants (tobacco, mushrooms, cannabis, opium) and artefacts. While such staple foods, medicines and the like used by the ‘western’urban consumer have become domesticated and are now almost exclusively produced in farming systems or replaced by synthetic substitutes, thousands of other animal, plant and fungi species are still widely used by peoples around the world.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Identification of a uniquely southern African clade of coastal pipefishes Syngnathus spp.
- Mwale, Monica, Kaiser, Horst, Barker, Nigel P, Wilson, A B, Teske, Peter R
- Authors: Mwale, Monica , Kaiser, Horst , Barker, Nigel P , Wilson, A B , Teske, Peter R
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445499 , vital:74393 , https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12130
- Description: The taxonomic status of two southern African coastal pipefish species, Syngnathus temminckii and Syngnathus watermeyeri, was investigated using a combination of morphological and genetic data. Morphological data showed that S. temminckii is distinct from the broadly distributed European pipefish Syngnathus acus, and a molecular phylogeny reconstructed using mitochondrial DNA recovered S. temminckii and S. watermeyeri as sister taxa. The southern African species share an evolutionary origin with north‐eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea species, including S. acus. These data support the existence of a distinct southern African clade of Syngnathus pipefishes that has diverged in situ to form the two species present in the region today.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Mwale, Monica , Kaiser, Horst , Barker, Nigel P , Wilson, A B , Teske, Peter R
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445499 , vital:74393 , https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12130
- Description: The taxonomic status of two southern African coastal pipefish species, Syngnathus temminckii and Syngnathus watermeyeri, was investigated using a combination of morphological and genetic data. Morphological data showed that S. temminckii is distinct from the broadly distributed European pipefish Syngnathus acus, and a molecular phylogeny reconstructed using mitochondrial DNA recovered S. temminckii and S. watermeyeri as sister taxa. The southern African species share an evolutionary origin with north‐eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea species, including S. acus. These data support the existence of a distinct southern African clade of Syngnathus pipefishes that has diverged in situ to form the two species present in the region today.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
A review of the biological control programmes on Eichhornia crassipes (C. mart.) solms (Pontederiaceae), Salvinia molesta DS Mitch.(Salviniaceae), Pistia stratiotes L.(Araceae), Myriophyllum aquaticum (vell.) verdc.(Haloragaceae) and Azolla filiculoides Lam.(Azollaceae) in South Africa
- Coetzee, Julie A, Hill, Martin P, Byrne, Marcus J
- Authors: Coetzee, Julie A , Hill, Martin P , Byrne, Marcus J
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451285 , vital:75036 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32900
- Description: Biological control against water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (C. Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), salvinia, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae), water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae), parrot's feather, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. (Haloragaceae), and red water fern, Azolla filiculoides Lam. (Azollaceae) has been ongoing in South Africa since the release of the first biological control agent on water hyacinth in 1974. This review provides an account of progress for the period from 1999. Post-release evaluations over the last three years have shown that, with the exception of water hyacinth, all of these problematic aquatic plants have been suppressed effectively using classical biological control. In eutrophic water bodies at high elevations that experience cold winters, an integrated approach, that includes herbicide application and augmentive biological control, is required against water hyacinth. The grasshopper Cornops aquaticum (Brüner) (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Leptysminae) has recently been released as a new agent for water hyacinth, and Megamelus scutellaris Berg (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and Taosa longula Remes Lenicov (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) are being considered for release on water hyacinth. The longterm management of alien aquatic plants in South Africa relies on the prevention of new introductions of aquatic plant species that could replace those that have been controlled, and, more importantly, on a reduction in nutrient levels in South Africa's aquatic ecosystems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Coetzee, Julie A , Hill, Martin P , Byrne, Marcus J
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451285 , vital:75036 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32900
- Description: Biological control against water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (C. Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), salvinia, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae), water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae), parrot's feather, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. (Haloragaceae), and red water fern, Azolla filiculoides Lam. (Azollaceae) has been ongoing in South Africa since the release of the first biological control agent on water hyacinth in 1974. This review provides an account of progress for the period from 1999. Post-release evaluations over the last three years have shown that, with the exception of water hyacinth, all of these problematic aquatic plants have been suppressed effectively using classical biological control. In eutrophic water bodies at high elevations that experience cold winters, an integrated approach, that includes herbicide application and augmentive biological control, is required against water hyacinth. The grasshopper Cornops aquaticum (Brüner) (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Leptysminae) has recently been released as a new agent for water hyacinth, and Megamelus scutellaris Berg (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and Taosa longula Remes Lenicov (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) are being considered for release on water hyacinth. The longterm management of alien aquatic plants in South Africa relies on the prevention of new introductions of aquatic plant species that could replace those that have been controlled, and, more importantly, on a reduction in nutrient levels in South Africa's aquatic ecosystems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Climate injustice: How should education respond?
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437268 , vital:73364 , ISBN 9780203866399 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203866399-11/climate-injustice-education-respond-heila-lotz-sisitka
- Description: The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli-mate Change (IPCC 2007) identifi es Africa as one of the continents of the world most vulnerable to climate change. Africa’s vulnerability to climate change is aggravated by the interaction of multiple stresses such as poverty, poor governance, and weak institutions, limited access to capi-tal (including technology), ecosystem degradation, confl ict and disasters (UNEP 2006), and a generally poor quality of education (UNESCO 2004). The climate injustices and exacerbating circumstances experienced by poor and weak states today lie in the long-term historical emergence of a modern (and increasingly global) world order framed by a hegemonic Westphalian state system. This state system privileges exclusive, undi-vided sovereignty over a bounded territory (Fraser 2008), and is known more popularly as the ‘nation state’ system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437268 , vital:73364 , ISBN 9780203866399 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203866399-11/climate-injustice-education-respond-heila-lotz-sisitka
- Description: The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli-mate Change (IPCC 2007) identifi es Africa as one of the continents of the world most vulnerable to climate change. Africa’s vulnerability to climate change is aggravated by the interaction of multiple stresses such as poverty, poor governance, and weak institutions, limited access to capi-tal (including technology), ecosystem degradation, confl ict and disasters (UNEP 2006), and a generally poor quality of education (UNESCO 2004). The climate injustices and exacerbating circumstances experienced by poor and weak states today lie in the long-term historical emergence of a modern (and increasingly global) world order framed by a hegemonic Westphalian state system. This state system privileges exclusive, undi-vided sovereignty over a bounded territory (Fraser 2008), and is known more popularly as the ‘nation state’ system.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Utopianism and educational processes in the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development: a critical reflection
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437367 , vital:73373 , ISBN 978-9086860937 , https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086866915_007
- Description: South Africa and its recent political transformation pro-cess, infused with hope for a better future, is often pre-sented as a utopian form of democracy – or an icon of hope – nationally and in the contemporary global land-scape. Similarly, adult hopes for youth, and youth idealism itself, are often utopian in nature, and young people are often iconised in society as the hope for the future. Re-cent international policy literature on education for sus-tainable development puts forward the utopian concepts of sustainable development and transformed learning (UNESCO 2005a) as objects for educational thinking and practice, and ethical codes such as the Earth Charter (www.earthcharter.org) present useful visions and guid-ance on how to think about and create a better world. But, the realities of the day keep such utopianism in check. Today, South Africa is experiencing xenophobic vio-lence, extreme levels of crime, and continued disenfran-chisement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/437367 , vital:73373 , ISBN 978-9086860937 , https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086866915_007
- Description: South Africa and its recent political transformation pro-cess, infused with hope for a better future, is often pre-sented as a utopian form of democracy – or an icon of hope – nationally and in the contemporary global land-scape. Similarly, adult hopes for youth, and youth idealism itself, are often utopian in nature, and young people are often iconised in society as the hope for the future. Re-cent international policy literature on education for sus-tainable development puts forward the utopian concepts of sustainable development and transformed learning (UNESCO 2005a) as objects for educational thinking and practice, and ethical codes such as the Earth Charter (www.earthcharter.org) present useful visions and guid-ance on how to think about and create a better world. But, the realities of the day keep such utopianism in check. Today, South Africa is experiencing xenophobic vio-lence, extreme levels of crime, and continued disenfran-chisement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Morphological and genetic analyses suggest that southern African crown crabs, Hymenosoma orbiculare, represent five distinct species
- Edkins, M T, Teske, Peter R, Papadopoulos, Isabelle, Griffiths, C L
- Authors: Edkins, M T , Teske, Peter R , Papadopoulos, Isabelle , Griffiths, C L
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445701 , vital:74415 , https://www.jstor.org/stable/20107852
- Description: The crown crab, Hymenosoma orbiculare, occurs all along the coast of southern Africa displays great morphological variation across this range. To determine whether the species c several distinct taxonomic units, H. orbiculare were collected from 18 estuaries and lagoons Walvis Bay in Namibia and Kosi Bay in north-eastern South Africa. Open ocean individua also obtained from False Bay in south-western South Africa. Morphological and genet mitochondrial DNA) comparisons were carried out between individuals from all locatio monophyletic clusters were identified on the basis of genetic data, each confined to specific of the distribution range. Morphological data supported the distinctness of each of these clus typical H. orbiculare, characterized by large size (maximum carapace width 28 mm) and of the characteristic ornamentations of other morphotypes, occurred in estuaries and lag along the west and south coasts. False Bay deep-water individuals were of two forms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Edkins, M T , Teske, Peter R , Papadopoulos, Isabelle , Griffiths, C L
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/445701 , vital:74415 , https://www.jstor.org/stable/20107852
- Description: The crown crab, Hymenosoma orbiculare, occurs all along the coast of southern Africa displays great morphological variation across this range. To determine whether the species c several distinct taxonomic units, H. orbiculare were collected from 18 estuaries and lagoons Walvis Bay in Namibia and Kosi Bay in north-eastern South Africa. Open ocean individua also obtained from False Bay in south-western South Africa. Morphological and genet mitochondrial DNA) comparisons were carried out between individuals from all locatio monophyletic clusters were identified on the basis of genetic data, each confined to specific of the distribution range. Morphological data supported the distinctness of each of these clus typical H. orbiculare, characterized by large size (maximum carapace width 28 mm) and of the characteristic ornamentations of other morphotypes, occurred in estuaries and lag along the west and south coasts. False Bay deep-water individuals were of two forms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Linda implementations in Java for concurrent systems
- Wells, George C, Chalmers, A G, Clayton, Peter G
- Authors: Wells, George C , Chalmers, A G , Clayton, Peter G
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430555 , vital:72699 , https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.794
- Description: This paper surveys a number of the implementations of Linda that are available in Java. It provides some discussion of their strengths and weaknesses, and pre-sents the results from benchmarking experiments using a network of commodity workstations. Some extensions to the original Linda programming model are also presented and discussed, together with examples of their application to parallel processing problems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Wells, George C , Chalmers, A G , Clayton, Peter G
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430555 , vital:72699 , https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.794
- Description: This paper surveys a number of the implementations of Linda that are available in Java. It provides some discussion of their strengths and weaknesses, and pre-sents the results from benchmarking experiments using a network of commodity workstations. Some extensions to the original Linda programming model are also presented and discussed, together with examples of their application to parallel processing problems.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
An annotated bibliography of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellilera capensis Eschscholtz (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
- Hepburn, H Randall, Guye, Sally G
- Authors: Hepburn, H Randall , Guye, Sally G
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451818 , vital:75079 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_64
- Description: An annotated bibliography of all known publications on the biology of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis Eschscholtz, is presented. The record covers the period 1778 to 1993 and includes 313 entries. One half of these publications have appeared during the last decade.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Hepburn, H Randall , Guye, Sally G
- Date: 1993
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451818 , vital:75079 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_64
- Description: An annotated bibliography of all known publications on the biology of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis Eschscholtz, is presented. The record covers the period 1778 to 1993 and includes 313 entries. One half of these publications have appeared during the last decade.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »