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Integrated landscape change analysis of protected areas and their surrounding landscapes: application in the Brazilian Cerrado

- Bellón, Beatriz, Blanco, Julien, de Vos, Alta, de Oliviera Roque, Fabio, Pays, Olivier, Renaud, Pierre-Cyril

  • Authors: Bellón, Beatriz , Blanco, Julien , de Vos, Alta , de Oliviera Roque, Fabio , Pays, Olivier , Renaud, Pierre-Cyril
  • Date: 2020
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148681 , vital:38763 , https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091413
  • Description: Remote sensing tools have been long used to monitor landscape dynamics inside and around protected areas. Hereto, scientists have largely relied on land use and land cover (LULC) data to derive indicators for monitoring these dynamics, but these metrics do not capture changes in the state of vegetation surfaces that may compromise the ecological integrity of conservation areas’ landscapes. Here, we introduce a methodology that combines LULC change estimates with three Normalized Difference Vegetation Index-based proxy indicators of vegetation productivity, phenology, and structural change. We illustrate the utility of this methodology through a regional and local analysis of the landscape dynamics in the Cerrado Biome in Brazil in 2001 and 2016. Despite relatively little natural vegetation loss inside core protected areas and their legal buffer zones, the different indicators revealed significant LULC conversions from natural vegetation to farming land, general productivity loss, homogenization of natural forests, significant agricultural expansion, and a general increase in productivity. These results suggest an overall degradation of habitats and intensification of land use in the studied conservation area network, highlighting serious conservation inefficiencies in this region and stressing the importance of integrated landscape change analyses to provide complementary indicators of ecologically-relevant dynamics in these key conservation areas.
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  • Date Issued: 2020

PRECEPT: a framework for ethical digital forensics investigations

- Ferguson, R I, Renaud, Karen, Wilford, Sara, Irons, Alastair

  • Authors: Ferguson, R I , Renaud, Karen , Wilford, Sara , Irons, Alastair
  • Date: 2020
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149884 , vital:38909 , https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-05-2019-00979
  • Description: This paper argues the need for a practical, ethically grounded approach to digital forensic investigations, one that acknowledges and respects the privacy rights of individuals and the intellectual capital disclosure rights of organizations, as well as acknowledging the needs of law enforcement. The paper derives a set of ethical guidelines, and then maps these onto a forensics investigation framework. The framework to expert review in two stages is subjected, refining the framework after each stage. The paper concludes by proposing the refined ethically grounded digital forensics investigation framework. The treatise is primarily UK based, but the concepts presented here have international relevance and applicability.
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  • Date Issued: 2020

‘Adolescent Pregnancy’ 1: Social problem, public health concern, or neither

- Macleod, Catriona I, Feltham-King, Tracey

  • Authors: Macleod, Catriona I , Feltham-King, Tracey
  • Date: 2019
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book chapter
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/434031 , vital:73027 , ISBN 9781351035620 , https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781351035620-17/adolescent-pregnancy-1-catriona-ida-macleod-tracey-feltham-king
  • Description: In this chapter we outline three major approaches to adolescent pregnancy. The first is the ‘social problem’ approach, in which adolescent pregnancy is viewed as, for the most part, deleterious for the young woman, her offspring, and society. This position fuels public outrage when the numbers of pregnant adolescents (especially when they are school pupils) are revealed in newspapers. The second is a public health response, which is well established and which has much institutional kudos. Here the neutral language of population-wide health is used to underpin preventive efforts in relation to adolescent pregnancy. In the third approach, authors point to the problems underlying both of these positions, arguing that arbitrarily separating younger pregnant women from older pregnant women is premised on particular power relations.
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  • Date Issued: 2019

Biodiversity and nutrition

- Hunter, D, Burlingame, B, Remans, Roseline, Borelli, Teresa, Cogill, Bruce, Coradin, Lidio, Golden, C D, Jamnadass, Ramni H, Kehlenbeck, K, Kennedy, G, Kuhnlein, H V, McMullin, S, Myers, S, Silva, A J R, Saha, M, Scheerer, L, Shackleton, Charlie M, Neves Soares Oliviera, C, Termote, Celine, Teofili, C, Thilsted, Shakuntala H, Valenti, R

Shadow of the Sun – the distribution of wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa

- Roberts, Benjamin J, Gordon, Steven Lawrence, Moller, Valerie, Struwig, Jare

  • Authors: Roberts, Benjamin J , Gordon, Steven Lawrence , Moller, Valerie , Struwig, Jare
  • Date: 2015
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67235 , vital:29062 , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9178-6_23
  • Description: publisher version , Despite the enthusiasm that prevailed during sub-Saharan Africa’s initial wave of independence, representations of quality of life in the region over the last half-century focused on themes that typically characterize failed states: maladministration, violence and conflict, disease, impoverishment and suffering. Although considerable hardship persists, the subcontinent experienced impressive economic growth over the last decade. This, together with increasing gains from state-led social spending, has prompted a new narrative that speaks of promise and opportunity. Against this backdrop, the chapter reviews quality of life in the region using select objective and subjective wellbeing measures. The results confirm the general pattern of recent social progress, though lingering deprivation, inequality and often difficult political conditions. While this situation is reflected in relatively low life satisfaction evaluations, it is also accompanied by a resolute optimism that attests to the resilience of the region’s citizens in the face of adversity. The chapter also assesses the influence of certain objective conditions on subjective wellbeing at the macro-level.
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  • Date Issued: 2015

Towards an exceptional undergraduate personal learning experience: the Personal Librarian Programme, a pilot project at Rhodes University Library

- Gontshi, V

  • Authors: Gontshi, V
  • Date: 2013
  • Language: English
  • Type: Conference paper
  • Identifier: vital:6978 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007916
  • Description: This paper is a record of a unique intervention for enhancing the Undergraduate learning experience at Rhodes University. It will focus on the establishment of the project, the experiences encountered and lessons learned thus far. In April 2013, a vibrant team of 13 librarians embarked on a Personal Librarian Pilot Project at the Rhodes University Library. The Personal Librarian Programme is primarily directed at undergraduate students at Rhodes University. In an attempt to bridge the information literacy skills gap that exists between Senior School and University in South Africa, the idea behind this programme is that each incoming first year student is assigned a Personal Librarian who will remain that individual’s contact in the library throughout his/her academic career at Rhodes University. The project came about as a result of research exploring the perceptions of both students and lecturers in the Commerce Faculty at Rhodes University with regard to Information Literacy practices and needs (Gontshi, 2011). The study revealed and recorded a shortcoming in the Information Literacy ability of students between Senior School Level and University Level. It became clear that new University students were not aware of the important link between their academic studies and the Library which in turn suggested the need to make Rhodes University librarians and the role that they play in the academic world more obvious to these new students (Gontshi, 2011). The Personal Librarian Programme was devised to fill this need. The Librarians involved in this programme include staff from all sections of the Library: circulation, faculty liaison and bibliographic/technical services. The training needs of staff who did not work directly with students were identified and the relevant training provided. The staff from Circulation and Bibliographic/Technical services sections identified a need to advance their knowledge on the use of library from a users’ perspective. The training focused on the following: “Brainstorming a research topic with a student”; “Identifying relevant databases to conduct a research topic” and “Conducting a search on relevant databases for the research topic” – this included ‘different ways of devising an effective search technique’. The training ensured a good foundation for these librarians to develop their confidence to work with users. The project, modeled on a similar programme at the Yale University Library in America, was also a direct result of Rhodes University Library’s involvement in the Carnegie Research Libraries Consortium (2009 – 2011) and a ten-week internship in the United States, seven weeks of which were spent at Yale University.
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  • Date Issued: 2013

Fundamental Criminology & Introduction to Juvenile Justice: CRM 111

- Daniel, N, Mbotshelwa, N, Earl-Taylor, M

  • Authors: Daniel, N , Mbotshelwa, N , Earl-Taylor, M
  • Date: 2011-06
  • Language: English
  • Type: Examination paper
  • Identifier: vital:18210 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1011200
  • Description: Fundamental Criminology & Introduction to Juvenile Justice: CRM 111, degree examination June 2011.
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  • Date Issued: 2011-06

New Unity Movement Bulletin

Deriving narrow syntax through constraints on information structure : a parallel between linguistic models of displacement and database theory

- De Vos, Mark A

  • Authors: De Vos, Mark A
  • Date: 2008
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6142 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011594
  • Description: This paper presents a research program for normalization-driven syntax. It takes the Minimalist research agenda as a starting point (Chomsky 1995. The Minimalist Program. MIT Press, Cambridge MA.) and explores the question of how the CI interface determines syntactic operations. The proposal provides specific content to the notion of bare output conditions and the nature of the CI interface. It does so by drawing on the tools provided by Relational Theory, a branch of set-theoretic mathematics, and Database Theory, a branch of computer science. It is demonstrated that core components of Narrow Syntax (phrase structure, selection and AGREE) are all definable in terms of Relational Theory. Then, it is shown that the process of relation optimization, or normalization, can derive chain formation. The article concludes with two speculations on the implementation of phases within a normalization-driven grammar and the implications of such a system for the learnability of the lexicon.
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  • Date Issued: 2008

Deconstructive discourse analysis: extending the methodological conversation

- Macleod, Catriona I

  • Authors: Macleod, Catriona I
  • Date: 2002
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6259 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007877 , http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/008124630203200103
  • Description: Discourse analysis is increasingly becoming a methodology of preference amongst qualitative researchers. There is a danger, however, of it being viewed as a bounded and uncontested domain of research practice. As discourse analysis is inextricably linked with theoretical issues, it is a dynamic practice that is constantly in a process of revision. In this paper I reflect on some of the conceptualisations undergirding the notion of discourse – conceptualisations that have important implications in terms of how the practice of discourse analysis proceeds. I highlight some of the dualisms that may plague discourse analysis, and offer some solutions to these. Finally, I outline the deconstructive discourse analysis that I utilised in my doctoral work. The purpose of the latter is not to provide a recipe of methodology, but to illustrate how elements of various theorists’ work (in this case Foucault, Derrida and Parker) may be profitably drawn together to perform specific discourse analytic work. , Rhodes University
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  • Date Issued: 2002

A report from the portfolio committee on welfare / UNICEF workshop on children and development

- Portfolio Committee on Welfare/UNICEF

APDUSA: African People's Democratic Union of Southern Africa

- APDUSA

  • Authors: APDUSA
  • Date: 1995-04-15/16
  • Subjects: South Africa -- Politics and government -- Congresses , APDUSA , Labour unions -- South Africa -- Congresses
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/66088 , vital:28899
  • Description: The Fourth National Conference of the APDUSA, held in Ezibeleni, Queenstown on 15/16 April 1995, must be marked as one of the most significant events in the history of the organisation. Taking place one year after the establishment of a new political order in South Africa, it was a pertinent time to assess its import in the face of the critical problems that still beset the nation. The achievement of the universal franchise, after long years of bitter struggle, has indeed been a signal victory for the labouring masses of South Africa. But it is a victory that has brought no improvement in the socio-economic conditions of their existence. Still suffering on the anvil of oppression and exploitation, the millions of workers and land-starved peasants are fast losing faith in the ability of the new Government of National Unity to solve their problems. The struggle for liberation has thus entered a new phase. But the oppressed are also faced with a crisis of leadership. Their organisations of struggle are in disarray, with many of those who formerly occupied leading positions, having departed to take up positions in the institutions of government. In this situation, the task of mapping out the programmatic basis of the future course of their struggle, is one of utmost importance. These are the questions that commanded the attention of the APDUSA conference. Against the background, it is fitting that the large majority of those participating in the conference were members of the new generation. Theirs was a major contribution. After a thorough assessment of the new needs of the struggle, conference resolved to redefine and sharpen the political programme of the APDUSA. In so doing, it remains governed by its commitment to the interests of the workers and the landless peasantry in both its short term and long term objectives.
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  • Date Issued: 1995-04-15/16

Women at work

- NALEDI

  • Authors: NALEDI
  • Date: Dec 1995
  • Subjects: NALEDI
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/167908 , vital:41521
  • Description: The research report emanates from the NALEDI Women and Work research group. In 1994 COSATU’s Congress called for the establishment of a research group at NALEDI to explore the position of women workers. After discussions between COSATU National Women’s Sub-Committee and NALEDI, the Women and Work Project was conceived. The project comprises of two research programmes: firstly, an examination of the problems experienced by women at the workplace, and, secondly, an examination of the position of women in the trade unions. This report is the first leg of that project. It is envisaged that the second leg (on women in trade unions), will be completed by the end of 1995. This report is primarily aimed at synthesising existing literature and does not necessarily generate new information. The report identifies key problems experienced by women at the workplace and recommends policy options for unions, employers and the government. However, the report does not consider all problems experienced by women at the workplace. For example, key issues like education, training,' health and safety are not dealt with here.
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  • Date Issued: Dec 1995

Up Beat Issue Number 8 1992

- SACHED

  • Authors: SACHED
  • Date: 1992
  • Subjects: SACHED
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/116659 , vital:34420
  • Description: Forte High School in Dobsonville, Soweto has closed down. Students told us what went wrong.'Schooling was normal until hostel dwellers started bothering us. They did not want students to walk past the hostel. But the hostel lies between our school and the township,' explains Thapelo Mohapi, a Std 8 student from Forte. Masego Sekelema was also a student at Forte. 'In March, the hostel dwellers attacked our school,' Masego said. 'Police came in. We thought they would stop the attack. But they shot teargas into the school. One of our students was seriously hurt.' So the principal of Forte called a meeting. At the meeting people agreed that Forte should close. Students' lives were in danger. Since then, Forte students have been attending school at three primary schools in Molapo. 'This arrangement is better than nothing,' said Florence Smith who is in Std 9. 'But we find it difficult to travel so far and it costs our parents money.'
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  • Date Issued: 1992

A brutal harvest: The roots and legitimation of violence on farms in South Africa

- Segal, Lauren

  • Authors: Segal, Lauren
  • Date: 1990?
  • Subjects: Agricultural laborers -- South Africa -- Social aspects , Child agricultural laborers -- South Africa , Farms -- South Africa , Violence -- South Africa , Forced migration -- South Africa , South Africa -- Race relations
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65551 , vital:28809
  • Description: Extensive evidence of atrocities committed against black workers on white-owned farms has consistently been uncovered by progressive organisations working in the rural areas in South Africa. The evidence suggests the need for a thorough and systematic investigation of the nature and extent of violence on the farms, as well as a more systematic exposure of the findings. For the most part, the personality of rural South Africa remains a mystery to urban dwellers. The Black Sash and its rural project, the Transvaal Rural Action Committee (TRAC), approached the Project for the Study of Violence to undertake this research and this report was first presented at the Project's seminar programme at the University of the Witwatersrand. Its findings have provoked strong responses from the farming sector. Kobus Kleyhans, the Deputy Director, General Services of the South African Agricultural Union (SAAU), was quoted in The Star as saying, ‘According to my observations, the situation (on the farms) is quite different. I reject these findings with contempt; they are nothing near the real situation... I will not deny, that some farmers do not treat their workers as they should, but this sort of information is not representative’. (The Star; October 1990) In reply, it should be emphasised that firstly, while this study was conducted only in the South Eastern Transvaal, the case studies in this report are not isolated incidents but were selected out of a large range of similar occurrences in the area. Secondly, rural advice offices in the Western and Northern Transvaal, have reported similar cases of violent abuse of labourers on white owned farms in their areas. Although the specific contours of the communities in these regions have not been investigated, some of the case studies directly corroborate the findings of this report. The timing of this report is opportune as it coincides with President De Klerk’s announcement that the Land Acts of 1913 and 1936 are to be abolished. These Acts have been pivotal in forging and determining the violent and exploitative relations on the land. The announcement is therefore welcomed as a significant step towards creating the conditions for changing the balance of power on the land. At the same time, this report serves as a warning against the belief that the scrapping of the Land Acts will put an end to the varying forms of violence on the farms. Just as repealing these laws will not necessarily ensure equitable redistribution of the land in South Africa, so too do they not necessarily signal a move towards more equitable labour relations on white farms. This report makes this clear in three ways. Firstly, the racist attitudes and convictions of many white farmers is shown to underpin much of the violence on the farms. These attitudes will prevail well after the scrapping of the Acts. A reversal of these attitudes will only take place after a lengthy educative process undertaken by groups such as the local churches, the South African Agricultural Union, the Rural Foundation etc. Secondly, it is the very fear of white farmers and their increasingly vulnerable position, that has contributed to a growing pattern of abusive behaviour against farmworkers. The strength of the opposition of hundreds of white farmers to the scrapping of the Land Acts was demonstrated in their march on the union buildings just after the announcement was made. Thirdly, the networks that have contributed - directly and indirectly - to the violence on the farms, such as the courts and police, are still firmly entrenched in the rural areas. For these reasons, a campaign against against farmworker abuse is more pertinent than ever before. We are calling for several steps to be taken. , Revised Edition
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  • Date Issued: 1990?

Work in Progress Issue no.54 - COSATU Congress

- WIP

  • Authors: WIP
  • Date: July 1988
  • Subjects: WIP
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/111453 , vital:33460
  • Description: If Home Affairs Minister Stoffel Botha did not have so much power, his comments on the media would be funny. A man who seriously suggests that South Africa's progressive media, already restricted in what it may publish by some 100 statutes and reams of often unintelligible emergency restrictions, furthers 'fear, hatred, intimidation, murder, mutilation and other similar evils' is difficult to take seriously.But his powers to close publications are serious. His notion of 'media terrorists' - 'people who are in a position to provide publicity for the revolutionaries' - is easier to understand. For Stoffel Botha is a leader of a political party which has, for 40 years, systematically undermined the most elementary aspects of democracy. He is not really expected to know much about the media's duty and right to inform its readership. Work In Progress remains under threat from state sources which believe that publication of information they do not like is 'media terrorism'. But if its political survival is to some extent out of WIP's hands, its publishers can at least secure its economic future. Readers will have noticed that Work In Progress is being printed on a lighter paper than before. This makes the publication somewhat thinner, although a changed design format allows for more copy per page. Work In Progress has not raised its selling price since January 1985. Indeed, the cost for some categories of readers has actually dropped. Subscriptions were last increased at the end of 1986 - and then only marginally. Inflation has hit all facets of publishing - paper, printing and distribution costs have all jumped each year. Only WIP's ever-growing circulation has enabled its cover price to remain constant. Recently, however, something had to change. Rather than increasing cover price or subscription costs, the publishers decided to print on a cheaper and thinner paper, while upgrading cover quality. Hence a slimmer Work In Progress - but no price increase. Also new in this edition is the inclusion of a number of short briefs. This is a section the editors hope to expand and improve in the future - Stoffel Botha and his 'media hit-men' notwithstanding!
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  • Date Issued: July 1988

An economic framework for deciding whether to discontinue the East London municipal bus service

- Wallis, Joe

  • Authors: Wallis, Joe
  • Date: 1986
  • Subjects: Buses -- South Africa -- East London Urban transportation -- South Africa -- East London East London municipal bus service
  • Language: English
  • Type: Book , Text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1959 , vital:20242 , ISBN 0868101427
  • Description: In a time of general economic stringency, it may seem opportune for local authorities to reassess their functions and to curtail those services which are failing to generate a satisfactory social return. In particular, the East London municipality should carefully consider whether it should continue a trading activity such as its bus service which has persistently failed to make a profit. The first part of this report will attempt to assess the losses incurred by the East London Municipal Bus Service (ELMBS) within the context of a general failure of municipal bus companies throughout the country to cover their costs due to various social obligations and the long term trends in White patronage. A theoretical framework for analysing the costs and benefits of continuing a loss-making service will also be discussed. The second part of the report will analyse the determinants of the cost and demand for bus services to provide a basis for recommending measures which may improve the financial performance of ELMBS. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
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  • Date Issued: 1986

Beyond greening: reflections on the business sustainability imperative

- Smith, Elroy Eugene

  • Authors: Smith, Elroy Eugene
  • Subjects: Sustainable development , Environmental economics , f-sa
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Lectures
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20768 , vital:29387
  • Description: This paper sets out to reflect that organisations should go beyond greening and embrace the sustainability imperative. The concept of greening and environmentalism reached a ceiling as it focuses only on short-term green issues rather than on long-term sustainability goals. Narrow concerns for the natural environment often dilute the true meaning of sustainability. Yet, the field of sustainability is much broader than just focusing on environmental issues. Most contemporary executives know that their response to the challenges of sustainability could seriously affect the competitiveness and survival of their organisations. Despite this notion, most are failing by launching a few greening initiatives without a clear sustainability vision and plan. The sustainability discourse expanded the manner in which organisational success is measured, using values and criteria from the economic, environmental and social realms – commonly known as the triple bottom line. The idea is to balance the needs of people, the planet and the organisation’s profits to create long-term shareholder value. The concept of sustainability has suffered from a proliferation of definitions, meaning many things to different people. However, consensus is forming that sustainability refers to the process by which sound economic systems operate well within the biophysical constraints of the ecosystem to provide a good quality of life that is socially appropriate for current and future generations. Sustainability is bigger than a publicity stunt, green products or occasional acknowledgement to on-going efforts to save the planet. Although greening will be a central part of the way business is conducted, green alone is not a broad enough platform to sustain a business in the long-run. There is a need to look beyond the green aspects of sustainability and also using the social, economic and cultural aspects to build a successful and sustainable organisation. 2 This paper addresses aspects such as the sustainability paradigm, dimensions and drivers of sustainability, statistical evidence of sustainability, national framework for sustainable development in South Africa, a sustainability case example and challenges of sustainability.
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