"The French Imperial Nation-State":
- Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161376 , vital:40621
- Description: Book Review. The French Imperial Nation-State. By G Wilder (2005).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161376 , vital:40621
- Description: Book Review. The French Imperial Nation-State. By G Wilder (2005).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Mainstreaming Gender Standards in Collective Bargaining
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154231 , vital:39624
- Description: The apartheid system and capitalism used the patriarchal nature of the South African society through the sexual division of labour and divided the labour force on the grounds of class, race and gender to exploit them for cheap labour to maximize their profits. They exploited the notion of men as the head of the family to force men to become migrant labourers and disregarded the reproductive and domestic role of women.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/154231 , vital:39624
- Description: The apartheid system and capitalism used the patriarchal nature of the South African society through the sexual division of labour and divided the labour force on the grounds of class, race and gender to exploit them for cheap labour to maximize their profits. They exploited the notion of men as the head of the family to force men to become migrant labourers and disregarded the reproductive and domestic role of women.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
Wireless communication for previously disadvantaged secondary schools in Grahamstown, South Africa.
- Brandt, Ingrid, Terzoli, Alfredo, Hodgkinson-Williams, Cheryl
- Authors: Brandt, Ingrid , Terzoli, Alfredo , Hodgkinson-Williams, Cheryl
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427615 , vital:72451 , https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1andtype=pdfanddoi=2520d49f684e821c84350ae8c504572f35186d2f
- Description: With an alarmingly low teledensity in South Africa, less than 5% in some rural areas, and not much hope of further wired infrastructure, as the costs incurred are high compared to potential revenue, wireless connec-tivity could be a great asset and service in South Africa. This paper looks at how wireless communication technologies, 802.11, WiMAX and VSAT, can be used to allow broadband connectivity of schools to the Internet, with special reference to experimental work that is being done in Grahamstown schools.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
- Authors: Brandt, Ingrid , Terzoli, Alfredo , Hodgkinson-Williams, Cheryl
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427615 , vital:72451 , https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1andtype=pdfanddoi=2520d49f684e821c84350ae8c504572f35186d2f
- Description: With an alarmingly low teledensity in South Africa, less than 5% in some rural areas, and not much hope of further wired infrastructure, as the costs incurred are high compared to potential revenue, wireless connec-tivity could be a great asset and service in South Africa. This paper looks at how wireless communication technologies, 802.11, WiMAX and VSAT, can be used to allow broadband connectivity of schools to the Internet, with special reference to experimental work that is being done in Grahamstown schools.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2005
In situ feeding rates of the copepods, Pseudodiaptomus hessei and Acartia longipatella, in a temperate, temporarily open/closed Eastern Cape estuary
- Authors: Froneman, P William
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6901 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011754
- Description: Size-fractionated chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations and the in situ grazing rates of the copepods, Pseudodiaptomus hessei and Acartia longipatella, were assessed seasonally at the temporarily open/closed Kasouga estuary situated along the southeast coast of southern Africa. Total integrated chl-a concentration ranged between 1.17 and 12.18 mg chl-a m^(–3) and was always dominated by small phytoplankton cells (<20 μm), which comprised up to 86% (range 64–86%) of the total pigment. Total zooplankton abundance ranged between 2676 and 62 043 individuals m^(–3). These copepods numerically dominated the zooplankton counts, accounting for between 79% and 91% of the total. Gut pigment concentrations of the two species at night were significantly higher than the daytime values (P<0.05 in all cases). The observed pattern could be related to the marked diurnal vertical migration patterns exhibited by the copepods. Gut evacuation rates of P. hessei during the study ranged between 0.29 and 0.77 h^(–1) and between 0.39 and 0.58 h^(–1) for A. longipatella. The rate of gut pigment destruction for P. hessei and A. longipatella ranged between 55% and 81% and between 88% and 92% of the total chl-a ingested, respectively. The combined grazing impact of the two copepods ranged between 0.65 and 4.37 mg chl-a m^(–3), or between 4.3% and 35.9% of the available chl-a in the water column. Variations in the grazing activity of the two species could be attributed largely to seasonality in water temperature and shifts in the phytoplankton community structure and zooplankton abundance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Froneman, P William
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6901 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011754
- Description: Size-fractionated chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations and the in situ grazing rates of the copepods, Pseudodiaptomus hessei and Acartia longipatella, were assessed seasonally at the temporarily open/closed Kasouga estuary situated along the southeast coast of southern Africa. Total integrated chl-a concentration ranged between 1.17 and 12.18 mg chl-a m^(–3) and was always dominated by small phytoplankton cells (<20 μm), which comprised up to 86% (range 64–86%) of the total pigment. Total zooplankton abundance ranged between 2676 and 62 043 individuals m^(–3). These copepods numerically dominated the zooplankton counts, accounting for between 79% and 91% of the total. Gut pigment concentrations of the two species at night were significantly higher than the daytime values (P<0.05 in all cases). The observed pattern could be related to the marked diurnal vertical migration patterns exhibited by the copepods. Gut evacuation rates of P. hessei during the study ranged between 0.29 and 0.77 h^(–1) and between 0.39 and 0.58 h^(–1) for A. longipatella. The rate of gut pigment destruction for P. hessei and A. longipatella ranged between 55% and 81% and between 88% and 92% of the total chl-a ingested, respectively. The combined grazing impact of the two copepods ranged between 0.65 and 4.37 mg chl-a m^(–3), or between 4.3% and 35.9% of the available chl-a in the water column. Variations in the grazing activity of the two species could be attributed largely to seasonality in water temperature and shifts in the phytoplankton community structure and zooplankton abundance.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Recent African derivation of Chrysomya putoria from C. chloropyga and mitochondrial DNA paraphyly of cytochrome oxidase subunit one in blowflies of forensic importance
- Wells, J D, Lunt, N, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Wells, J D , Lunt, N , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6888 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011648
- Description: Chrysomya chloropyga (Wiedemann) and C. putoria (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are closely related Afrotropical blowflies that breed in carrion and latrines, reaching high density in association with humans and spreading to other continents. In some cases of human death, Chyrsomya specimens provide forensic clues. Because the immature stages of such flies are often difficult to identify taxonomically, it is useful to develop DNA-based tests for specimen identification. Therefore we attempted to distinguish between C. chloropyga and C. putoria using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data from a 593-bp region of the gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI). Twelve specimens from each species yielded a total of five haplotypes, none being unique to C. putoria. Therefore it was not possible to distinguish between the two species using this locus. Maximum parsimony analysis indicated paraphyletic C. chloropyga mtDNA with C. putoria nested therein. Based on these and previously published data, we infer that C. putoria diverged very recently from C. chloropyga.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Wells, J D , Lunt, N , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6888 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011648
- Description: Chrysomya chloropyga (Wiedemann) and C. putoria (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are closely related Afrotropical blowflies that breed in carrion and latrines, reaching high density in association with humans and spreading to other continents. In some cases of human death, Chyrsomya specimens provide forensic clues. Because the immature stages of such flies are often difficult to identify taxonomically, it is useful to develop DNA-based tests for specimen identification. Therefore we attempted to distinguish between C. chloropyga and C. putoria using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data from a 593-bp region of the gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI). Twelve specimens from each species yielded a total of five haplotypes, none being unique to C. putoria. Therefore it was not possible to distinguish between the two species using this locus. Maximum parsimony analysis indicated paraphyletic C. chloropyga mtDNA with C. putoria nested therein. Based on these and previously published data, we infer that C. putoria diverged very recently from C. chloropyga.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
A lightwave 3d plug-in for modeling long hair on virtual humans
- Patrick, Deborah, Bangay, Shaun D
- Authors: Patrick, Deborah , Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432953 , vital:72916 , https://doi.org/10.1145/602330.602360
- Description: Multimedia applications today make use of virtual humans. Generating realistic virtual humans is a challenging problem owing to a number of factors, one being the simulation of realistic hair. The difficulty in simulating hair is due to the physical properties of hair. The average human head holds thousands of hairs, with the width of each hair often smaller than the size of a pixel. There are also complex lighting effects that occur within hair. This paper presents a LightWave 3D plug-in for modeling thousands of individual hairs on virtual humans. The plug-in allows the user to specify the length, thickness and distribution of the hair, as well as the number of segments a hair is made up of. The plug-in is able to add hairs to a head model, which the user then modifies to define a hairstyle. The hairs are then multiplied by the plug-in to produce many hairs. By providing a plug-in that does most of the work and produces realistic results, the user is able to produce a hairstyle without modeling each individual strand of hair. This greatly reduces the time spent on hair modeling, and makes the possibility of adding realistic long hair to virtual humans reasonable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Patrick, Deborah , Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432953 , vital:72916 , https://doi.org/10.1145/602330.602360
- Description: Multimedia applications today make use of virtual humans. Generating realistic virtual humans is a challenging problem owing to a number of factors, one being the simulation of realistic hair. The difficulty in simulating hair is due to the physical properties of hair. The average human head holds thousands of hairs, with the width of each hair often smaller than the size of a pixel. There are also complex lighting effects that occur within hair. This paper presents a LightWave 3D plug-in for modeling thousands of individual hairs on virtual humans. The plug-in allows the user to specify the length, thickness and distribution of the hair, as well as the number of segments a hair is made up of. The plug-in is able to add hairs to a head model, which the user then modifies to define a hairstyle. The hairs are then multiplied by the plug-in to produce many hairs. By providing a plug-in that does most of the work and produces realistic results, the user is able to produce a hairstyle without modeling each individual strand of hair. This greatly reduces the time spent on hair modeling, and makes the possibility of adding realistic long hair to virtual humans reasonable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Effect of pictograms on readability of patient information materials:
- Mansoor, Leila E, Dowse, Roslind
- Authors: Mansoor, Leila E , Dowse, Roslind
- Date: 2003
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/157003 , vital:40078 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1345/aph.1C449
- Description: To design, develop, and evaluate a simple, understandable medicine label and patient information leaflet (PIL) for nystatin suspension, and to assess the effect of incorporating pictograms on understanding in low-literate participants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Mansoor, Leila E , Dowse, Roslind
- Date: 2003
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/157003 , vital:40078 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1345/aph.1C449
- Description: To design, develop, and evaluate a simple, understandable medicine label and patient information leaflet (PIL) for nystatin suspension, and to assess the effect of incorporating pictograms on understanding in low-literate participants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Hot-blooded singers: endothermy facilitates crepuscular signaling in African platypleurine cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Platypleura spp.)
- Sanborn, Allen F, Villet, Martin H, Phillips, P K
- Authors: Sanborn, Allen F , Villet, Martin H , Phillips, P K
- Date: 2003
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6919 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011882
- Description: The cicada genus Platypleura has a wide distribution across Africa and southern Asia. We describe endothermic thermoregulation in four South African species that show crepuscular signaling behavior. This is the first evidence of thermoregulation in platypleurine cicadas. Field measurements of body temperature (Tb) show that these animals regulate Tb through endogenous heat production. Maximum Tb measured was 22.1°C above ambient temperature during calling activity at dusk. The mean Tb during dusk activity did not differ from the mean Tb during diurnal activity. A unique behavior for cicadas, a temperature-dependent telescoping pulsation of the abdomen, was observed in the laboratory during endogenous warm-up. This behavior is part of a unique method of heat generation in endothermic cicadas. Males generally call from trunks and branches within the canopy and appear to use endothermy even when the sun is available to elevate Tb. Endothermy may provide the cicadas with the advantage of decreasing predation and acoustic competition by permitting calling from perches that most complement their cryptic coloration patterns and that ectotherms cannot use due to thermal constraints. In addition, endothermy may permit calling activity during crepuscular hours when atmospheric conditions are optimal for acoustic communication and predation risks are minimal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Sanborn, Allen F , Villet, Martin H , Phillips, P K
- Date: 2003
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6919 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011882
- Description: The cicada genus Platypleura has a wide distribution across Africa and southern Asia. We describe endothermic thermoregulation in four South African species that show crepuscular signaling behavior. This is the first evidence of thermoregulation in platypleurine cicadas. Field measurements of body temperature (Tb) show that these animals regulate Tb through endogenous heat production. Maximum Tb measured was 22.1°C above ambient temperature during calling activity at dusk. The mean Tb during dusk activity did not differ from the mean Tb during diurnal activity. A unique behavior for cicadas, a temperature-dependent telescoping pulsation of the abdomen, was observed in the laboratory during endogenous warm-up. This behavior is part of a unique method of heat generation in endothermic cicadas. Males generally call from trunks and branches within the canopy and appear to use endothermy even when the sun is available to elevate Tb. Endothermy may provide the cicadas with the advantage of decreasing predation and acoustic competition by permitting calling from perches that most complement their cryptic coloration patterns and that ectotherms cannot use due to thermal constraints. In addition, endothermy may permit calling activity during crepuscular hours when atmospheric conditions are optimal for acoustic communication and predation risks are minimal.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Rendering optimisations for stylised sketching
- Winnemöller, Holger, Bangay, Shaun D
- Authors: Winnemöller, Holger , Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432922 , vital:72913 , https://doi.org/10.1145/602330.602353
- Description: We present work that specifically pertains to the rendering stage of stylised, non-photorealistic sketching. While a substantial body of work has been published on geometric optimisations, surface topologies, space-algorithms and natural media simulation, rendering-specific issues are rarely discussed in-depth even though they are often acknowledged. We investigate the most common stylised sketching approaches and identify possible rendering optimisations. In particular, we define uncertainty-functions, which are used to describe a human-error component, discuss how these pertain to geometric perturbation and textured silhouette sketching and explain how they can be cached to improve performance. Temporal coherence, which poses a problem for textured silhouette sketching, is addressed by means of an easily computed visibility-function. Lastly, we produce an effective yet surprisingly simple solution to seamless hatching, which commonly presents a large computational overhead, by using 3-D textures in a novel fashion. All our optimisations are cost-effective, easy to implement and work in conjunction with most existing algorithms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Winnemöller, Holger , Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432922 , vital:72913 , https://doi.org/10.1145/602330.602353
- Description: We present work that specifically pertains to the rendering stage of stylised, non-photorealistic sketching. While a substantial body of work has been published on geometric optimisations, surface topologies, space-algorithms and natural media simulation, rendering-specific issues are rarely discussed in-depth even though they are often acknowledged. We investigate the most common stylised sketching approaches and identify possible rendering optimisations. In particular, we define uncertainty-functions, which are used to describe a human-error component, discuss how these pertain to geometric perturbation and textured silhouette sketching and explain how they can be cached to improve performance. Temporal coherence, which poses a problem for textured silhouette sketching, is addressed by means of an easily computed visibility-function. Lastly, we produce an effective yet surprisingly simple solution to seamless hatching, which commonly presents a large computational overhead, by using 3-D textures in a novel fashion. All our optimisations are cost-effective, easy to implement and work in conjunction with most existing algorithms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Geometric approximations towards free specular comic shading
- Winnemöller, Holger, Bangay, Shaun D
- Authors: Winnemöller, Holger , Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433453 , vital:72971 , https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.00590
- Description: We extend the standard solution to comic rendering with a comic‐style specular component. To minimise the computational overhead associated with this extension, we introduce two optimising approximations; the perspective correction angle and the vertex face‐orientation measure. Both of these optimisations are generally applicable, but they are especially well suited for applications where a physically correct lighting simulation is not required. Using our optimisations we achieve performances comparable to the standard solution. As our approximations favour large models, we even outperform the standard approach for models consisting of 10,000 triangles or more, which we can render exceeding 40 frames per second, including the specular component.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Winnemöller, Holger , Bangay, Shaun D
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/433453 , vital:72971 , https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.00590
- Description: We extend the standard solution to comic rendering with a comic‐style specular component. To minimise the computational overhead associated with this extension, we introduce two optimising approximations; the perspective correction angle and the vertex face‐orientation measure. Both of these optimisations are generally applicable, but they are especially well suited for applications where a physically correct lighting simulation is not required. Using our optimisations we achieve performances comparable to the standard solution. As our approximations favour large models, we even outperform the standard approach for models consisting of 10,000 triangles or more, which we can render exceeding 40 frames per second, including the specular component.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
A Prototyping Environment for Investigating Context Aware Wearable Applications.
- Tsegaye, Melekam, Bangay, Shaun D, Terzoli, Alfredo
- Authors: Tsegaye, Melekam , Bangay, Shaun D , Terzoli, Alfredo
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432783 , vital:72900 , https://www.cs.ru.ac.za/research/g98t4414/static/papers/wearprototsegaye05.pdf
- Description: In this paper we introduce the concept of a contextaware, wearable application prototyping environment, which can be used to support research into new wearable applications. We also present an initial specification for such an environment and show how different types of sensors can be modelled to produce data that describes a given context scenario using our prototyping approach.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Tsegaye, Melekam , Bangay, Shaun D , Terzoli, Alfredo
- Date: 1999
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/432783 , vital:72900 , https://www.cs.ru.ac.za/research/g98t4414/static/papers/wearprototsegaye05.pdf
- Description: In this paper we introduce the concept of a contextaware, wearable application prototyping environment, which can be used to support research into new wearable applications. We also present an initial specification for such an environment and show how different types of sensors can be modelled to produce data that describes a given context scenario using our prototyping approach.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1999
Effect of concentration and degree of saturation of topical fluocinonide formulations on in vitro membrane transport and in vivo availability on human skin
- Schwarb, Fabian P, Imanidis, Georgios, Smith, Eric W, Haigh, John M, Surber, Christian
- Authors: Schwarb, Fabian P , Imanidis, Georgios , Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M , Surber, Christian
- Date: 1999
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6425 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006560
- Description: Purpose. The thermodynamic acitvity of drugs in topical vehicles is considered to significantly influence topical delivery. In vitro diffusion across a synthetic membrane was shown to be correlated to the degree of saturation of the drug in the applied vehicle and therefore offers a potential for increased topical drug delivery. Fluocinonide a topical corticosteroid, was chosen as a model compound to investigate in vitro and in vivo availability from formulations with different degrees of saturation. Methods. Sub-, as well as, supersaturated drug solutions were prepared using PVP as an antinucleant agent. In vitro membrane diffusion experiments across silicone membrane and in vivo pharmacodynamic activity assessments, using the human skin blanching assay, were carried out. Results. Over the concentration range studied, the in vitro membrane transport of fluocinonide was proportional to the degree of saturation of the respective formulations. The in vivo pharmacodynamic response in the human skin blanching assay was related to the concentration of the drug in the vehicle irrespective of the degree of saturation. Conclusions. From the membrane permeation experiment it can be concluded, that the drug flux might be increased supra-proportionally with increasing donor concentration, drug (super-)saturation (proportional), beyond what would be anticipated based on ideal donor concentration and partition coefficient considerations only. These findings could not be confirmed in the in vivo investigation, probably due to additional vehicle effects (e.g., enhancement, irritation, drug binding) which have to be expected and could have altered the integrity of the stratum corneum and therewith topical bioavailability of the drug.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Schwarb, Fabian P , Imanidis, Georgios , Smith, Eric W , Haigh, John M , Surber, Christian
- Date: 1999
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6425 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006560
- Description: Purpose. The thermodynamic acitvity of drugs in topical vehicles is considered to significantly influence topical delivery. In vitro diffusion across a synthetic membrane was shown to be correlated to the degree of saturation of the drug in the applied vehicle and therefore offers a potential for increased topical drug delivery. Fluocinonide a topical corticosteroid, was chosen as a model compound to investigate in vitro and in vivo availability from formulations with different degrees of saturation. Methods. Sub-, as well as, supersaturated drug solutions were prepared using PVP as an antinucleant agent. In vitro membrane diffusion experiments across silicone membrane and in vivo pharmacodynamic activity assessments, using the human skin blanching assay, were carried out. Results. Over the concentration range studied, the in vitro membrane transport of fluocinonide was proportional to the degree of saturation of the respective formulations. The in vivo pharmacodynamic response in the human skin blanching assay was related to the concentration of the drug in the vehicle irrespective of the degree of saturation. Conclusions. From the membrane permeation experiment it can be concluded, that the drug flux might be increased supra-proportionally with increasing donor concentration, drug (super-)saturation (proportional), beyond what would be anticipated based on ideal donor concentration and partition coefficient considerations only. These findings could not be confirmed in the in vivo investigation, probably due to additional vehicle effects (e.g., enhancement, irritation, drug binding) which have to be expected and could have altered the integrity of the stratum corneum and therewith topical bioavailability of the drug.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
Mistake, financial institutions, and the contract of suretyship: Prins v ABSA Bank Ltd 1998 (3) SA 904 (C)
- Authors: Glover, Graham B
- Date: 1999
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/155985 , vital:39938 , https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?collection=journalsamp;handle=hein.journals/tyromhldre62amp;id=488amp;men_tab=srchresults
- Description: Although the debate about contractual mistake and its theoretical foundations has evolved to the point where disagreement and contradiction has in recent times been replaced by a far higher degree of certainty and clarity (Van der Merwe and Van Huyssteen "Reasonable reliance on consensus, iustus error and the creation of contractual obligations" 1994 SALJ 679 686; Hutchison "Contract formation" in Zimmermann and Visser (eds) Southern Cross: Civil law and common law in South Africa (1996) 193), judgments dealing with the question of mistake will no doubt continue to provide interesting insights into this area of the law. Prins v ABSA Bank Ltd serves as a case in point.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
- Authors: Glover, Graham B
- Date: 1999
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/155985 , vital:39938 , https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?collection=journalsamp;handle=hein.journals/tyromhldre62amp;id=488amp;men_tab=srchresults
- Description: Although the debate about contractual mistake and its theoretical foundations has evolved to the point where disagreement and contradiction has in recent times been replaced by a far higher degree of certainty and clarity (Van der Merwe and Van Huyssteen "Reasonable reliance on consensus, iustus error and the creation of contractual obligations" 1994 SALJ 679 686; Hutchison "Contract formation" in Zimmermann and Visser (eds) Southern Cross: Civil law and common law in South Africa (1996) 193), judgments dealing with the question of mistake will no doubt continue to provide interesting insights into this area of the law. Prins v ABSA Bank Ltd serves as a case in point.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1999
COSATU Executive committee press statement - 20 AUGUST 1998
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Aug 1998
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109688 , vital:33169
- Description: The Executive Committee met in its normal session on 18 - 19 August 1998. It received reports on a range of socio-economic and political issues. As is always the case, discussions were conducted in a true tradition of the federation - comradeship, frankness, robust and constructive. A number of decisions were taken by the meeting, some of which are contained in this statement. The meeting received a report on meetings held with Old Mutual and Sanlam respectively. The meeting reaffirmed COSATU’s opposition to demutualisation on political and economic grounds and regretted the fact that the portfolio committee had gone ahead to finalise the bills dealing with demutualisation inspite of being informed about discussions currently taking place with the two mutual companies. We remain of the view that it would help the parliamentary process had this process been allowed to proceed to its final conclusion.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Aug 1998
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Aug 1998
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/109688 , vital:33169
- Description: The Executive Committee met in its normal session on 18 - 19 August 1998. It received reports on a range of socio-economic and political issues. As is always the case, discussions were conducted in a true tradition of the federation - comradeship, frankness, robust and constructive. A number of decisions were taken by the meeting, some of which are contained in this statement. The meeting received a report on meetings held with Old Mutual and Sanlam respectively. The meeting reaffirmed COSATU’s opposition to demutualisation on political and economic grounds and regretted the fact that the portfolio committee had gone ahead to finalise the bills dealing with demutualisation inspite of being informed about discussions currently taking place with the two mutual companies. We remain of the view that it would help the parliamentary process had this process been allowed to proceed to its final conclusion.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Aug 1998
Press alert on the COSATU recruitment drive campaign
- COSATU
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Mar 1998
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/112684 , vital:33638
- Description: Members of the Press are invited to a high profile public launch of the COSATU Autumn Offensive Recruitment campaign that will be held on Monday 23 March 1998 at CNR Old Verneeniging and Jacobs Street, Alrode in Alberton - Gauteng at 12noon. In attendance will be members of the COSATU Executive Committee led by President John Gomomo, the ANC and SACP leadership. An invitation has been extended to comrades Thabo Mbeki and Charles Nqakula to speak at the launch.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Mar 1998
- Authors: COSATU
- Date: Mar 1998
- Subjects: COSATU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/112684 , vital:33638
- Description: Members of the Press are invited to a high profile public launch of the COSATU Autumn Offensive Recruitment campaign that will be held on Monday 23 March 1998 at CNR Old Verneeniging and Jacobs Street, Alrode in Alberton - Gauteng at 12noon. In attendance will be members of the COSATU Executive Committee led by President John Gomomo, the ANC and SACP leadership. An invitation has been extended to comrades Thabo Mbeki and Charles Nqakula to speak at the launch.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: Mar 1998
FAWU - Response to the White Paper On A Marine Fisheries Policy For South Africa
- FAWU
- Authors: FAWU
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: FAWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118385 , vital:34625
- Description: This document has been written to inform Deputy President Thabo Mbeki of FAWU’s objections to the above-mentioned White Paper. It also includes FAWU’s recommendations for changing the policy. The fishing industry in South Africa is an Apartheid creation. Like other aspects of our society, it needs to be completely transformed and restructured. Currently, the industry is marked by: Monopolised control of every aspect of the fishing value-chain: from production to processing to marketing to distribution; Highly restricted access to the resource by historically disadvantaged members of our society; and Disempowered communities who originally had unrestricted access to marine resources. The above conditions have been created by a process of systematically violating the human rights of fishers and fishing communities. A new White Paper on Fisheries has the potential to change this in a sustainable economic and environmental way. Unfortunately, the 1997 White Paper on Fisheries does not adequately address the legacy of history. In fact, there are more similarities in this Paper to the 1988 Sea Fisheries Act than there is to any framework of transformation. One such framework was put forward by the Fishing Policy Development Committee (FPDC). However, it seems that key aspects of the FPDC’s recommendations were ignored. This is unacceptable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: FAWU
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: FAWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118385 , vital:34625
- Description: This document has been written to inform Deputy President Thabo Mbeki of FAWU’s objections to the above-mentioned White Paper. It also includes FAWU’s recommendations for changing the policy. The fishing industry in South Africa is an Apartheid creation. Like other aspects of our society, it needs to be completely transformed and restructured. Currently, the industry is marked by: Monopolised control of every aspect of the fishing value-chain: from production to processing to marketing to distribution; Highly restricted access to the resource by historically disadvantaged members of our society; and Disempowered communities who originally had unrestricted access to marine resources. The above conditions have been created by a process of systematically violating the human rights of fishers and fishing communities. A new White Paper on Fisheries has the potential to change this in a sustainable economic and environmental way. Unfortunately, the 1997 White Paper on Fisheries does not adequately address the legacy of history. In fact, there are more similarities in this Paper to the 1988 Sea Fisheries Act than there is to any framework of transformation. One such framework was put forward by the Fishing Policy Development Committee (FPDC). However, it seems that key aspects of the FPDC’s recommendations were ignored. This is unacceptable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
National Bi-annual Conference - President's address
- FAWU
- Authors: FAWU
- Date: July 1997
- Subjects: FAWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/119031 , vital:34695
- Description: Comrade, General Secretary : Mandla Gxanyana , the acting Office Bearers Lucky Nsizwana , Thomas Basson and Christopher Plaatjies . Leaders of COSATU , SACP , ANC and the present Ministries , Distinguished Guests fraternal forces in the labour movement. I will start by saying we have come a long way as FAWU and we have survived through thick and thin. This was only because of our political understanding and ideological belief on the interconnection of economic struggles with the broad national question. The national liberation has been in the heart of this organisation from its inception in 1941 in the form of African Food and Food and Canning Workers Union. It is both a pleasure and an honour to share the same platform once again with so many leadership of FAWU from all the provinces of our country . Furthermore one feels especially fortunate to be part of this Bi-annual conference . Two years ago in 1995 , we came together in Bloemfontein for a week long Bi-annual Conference . A programme was produced and adopted by the conference and furthermore a action plan to implement the Programme was discussed by the NEC and also endorsed . If we have to be honest not all the aims and objectives we set for ourselves we have manage to achieve them as expected per the mandate of our last Conference , there are number of reasons for that, the G .S report will deal with some of them . Nevertheless we manage to implement some of the areas e.g. setting the tone for Super Bargaining Council which has to put a process of standardise wages in the Food and Beverage Sector and come up with clear industrial policy on the following areas training and grading , industrial provident fund and other benefits. We have reached this date not without problems internally as leaders of the organisation and as the broad membership . Let us lead this organisation and the masses of workers in theory but also in practice. The prospects of achieving a revolutionary break through in South Africa are greater today than ever before in our history. The 27th of April was just a confirmation of the long standing vision of transforming the country from the ashes of Apartheid monopoly Capitalism to Apartheid free South Africa. We owe the workers of this country an answer, the landless rural masses, students , women and all peace loving people. Because it is through the mobilisation , organisation and unity in action of this large front of forces who made it possible from every corner of our country Apartheid to be unworkable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: July 1997
- Authors: FAWU
- Date: July 1997
- Subjects: FAWU
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/119031 , vital:34695
- Description: Comrade, General Secretary : Mandla Gxanyana , the acting Office Bearers Lucky Nsizwana , Thomas Basson and Christopher Plaatjies . Leaders of COSATU , SACP , ANC and the present Ministries , Distinguished Guests fraternal forces in the labour movement. I will start by saying we have come a long way as FAWU and we have survived through thick and thin. This was only because of our political understanding and ideological belief on the interconnection of economic struggles with the broad national question. The national liberation has been in the heart of this organisation from its inception in 1941 in the form of African Food and Food and Canning Workers Union. It is both a pleasure and an honour to share the same platform once again with so many leadership of FAWU from all the provinces of our country . Furthermore one feels especially fortunate to be part of this Bi-annual conference . Two years ago in 1995 , we came together in Bloemfontein for a week long Bi-annual Conference . A programme was produced and adopted by the conference and furthermore a action plan to implement the Programme was discussed by the NEC and also endorsed . If we have to be honest not all the aims and objectives we set for ourselves we have manage to achieve them as expected per the mandate of our last Conference , there are number of reasons for that, the G .S report will deal with some of them . Nevertheless we manage to implement some of the areas e.g. setting the tone for Super Bargaining Council which has to put a process of standardise wages in the Food and Beverage Sector and come up with clear industrial policy on the following areas training and grading , industrial provident fund and other benefits. We have reached this date not without problems internally as leaders of the organisation and as the broad membership . Let us lead this organisation and the masses of workers in theory but also in practice. The prospects of achieving a revolutionary break through in South Africa are greater today than ever before in our history. The 27th of April was just a confirmation of the long standing vision of transforming the country from the ashes of Apartheid monopoly Capitalism to Apartheid free South Africa. We owe the workers of this country an answer, the landless rural masses, students , women and all peace loving people. Because it is through the mobilisation , organisation and unity in action of this large front of forces who made it possible from every corner of our country Apartheid to be unworkable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: July 1997
A programme for the Alliance
- Congress of South African Trade Unions
- Authors: Congress of South African Trade Unions
- Date: 1996-11
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , pamphlet
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105785 , vital:32568
- Description: BACKGROUND TO THE ALLIANCE From Cosatu’s inception in 1985, the federation developed a close association with the Congress movement. Conditions in the country dictated the need to go beyond bread and butter issues to embrace national and class struggle. This perspective was formally endorsed with Cosatu’s adoption of the Freedom Charter in 1987. The 1987 Congress agreed Cosatu should build alliances with mass-based organisations with a track record of struggle and whose principles did not conflict with those of Cosatu. After the unbanning of the liberation movement, Cosatu’s 1991 Congress resolved that the Federation should join the ANC and SACP in alliance in place of Sactu, thus becoming part of the Tripartite Alliance as we know it today. It was understood that this Alliance , here put any information that you think is important but there is no field for it, if there isnt remove the field
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996-11
- Authors: Congress of South African Trade Unions
- Date: 1996-11
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , pamphlet
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105785 , vital:32568
- Description: BACKGROUND TO THE ALLIANCE From Cosatu’s inception in 1985, the federation developed a close association with the Congress movement. Conditions in the country dictated the need to go beyond bread and butter issues to embrace national and class struggle. This perspective was formally endorsed with Cosatu’s adoption of the Freedom Charter in 1987. The 1987 Congress agreed Cosatu should build alliances with mass-based organisations with a track record of struggle and whose principles did not conflict with those of Cosatu. After the unbanning of the liberation movement, Cosatu’s 1991 Congress resolved that the Federation should join the ANC and SACP in alliance in place of Sactu, thus becoming part of the Tripartite Alliance as we know it today. It was understood that this Alliance , here put any information that you think is important but there is no field for it, if there isnt remove the field
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996-11
An extended version of Linda for Transputer systems
- Wells, George C, Clayton, Peter G, Chalmer, A G
- Authors: Wells, George C , Clayton, Peter G , Chalmer, A G
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430512 , vital:72696 , https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.5555/270088.270117
- Description: This paper discusses the associative matching mechanism used in the Linda coordination language for the retrieval of data. There are a number of problems with this mechanism which are discussed in the light of the requirements of applications using Linda. A number of solutions to these problems have been proposed. These are discussed and compared with a new approach to solving these problems. The benefits and the limitations of the new approach are considered, showing how it provides a considerable improvement in this area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: Wells, George C , Clayton, Peter G , Chalmer, A G
- Date: 1996
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430512 , vital:72696 , https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.5555/270088.270117
- Description: This paper discusses the associative matching mechanism used in the Linda coordination language for the retrieval of data. There are a number of problems with this mechanism which are discussed in the light of the requirements of applications using Linda. A number of solutions to these problems have been proposed. These are discussed and compared with a new approach to solving these problems. The benefits and the limitations of the new approach are considered, showing how it provides a considerable improvement in this area.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Role of percutaneous penetration enhancers
- Walker, Roderick B, Smith, Eric W
- Authors: Walker, Roderick B , Smith, Eric W
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6446 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006633
- Description: It is clear that scientists are now only beginning to comprehend the complexity of transdermal drug delivery. Elucidation of the biochemical composition and functioning of the intrinsic diffusional barrier of the stratum corneum has prompted investigation of chemical and physical means of enhancing the percutaneous penetration of poorly absorbed drugs. Chemical enhancers that aid absorption of co-administered moieties are currently believed to improve solubility within the stratum corneum or increase lipid fluidity of the intracellular bilayers. Alternatively,the use of ionto- or phonophoresis may facilitate the absorption of some drug molecules by physical alteration of the barrier. The role of penetration enhancer inclusion in topical formulations has been well documented and will undoubtedly, in the future, permit the delivery of broader classes of drugs through the stratum corneum.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: Walker, Roderick B , Smith, Eric W
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6446 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006633
- Description: It is clear that scientists are now only beginning to comprehend the complexity of transdermal drug delivery. Elucidation of the biochemical composition and functioning of the intrinsic diffusional barrier of the stratum corneum has prompted investigation of chemical and physical means of enhancing the percutaneous penetration of poorly absorbed drugs. Chemical enhancers that aid absorption of co-administered moieties are currently believed to improve solubility within the stratum corneum or increase lipid fluidity of the intracellular bilayers. Alternatively,the use of ionto- or phonophoresis may facilitate the absorption of some drug molecules by physical alteration of the barrier. The role of penetration enhancer inclusion in topical formulations has been well documented and will undoubtedly, in the future, permit the delivery of broader classes of drugs through the stratum corneum.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996