Perceptions of the labour - management relationship in the Botswana public service bargaining council
- Authors: Mokena, Kemoneilwe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Collective bargaining -- Botswana , Industrial relations -- Botswana Labor unions -- Botswana
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42052 , vital:36621
- Description: The primary objective of this study was to explore the interests, beliefs, attitudes and experiences of the parties to the PSBC in order to identify firstly, the significant paradigms shaping their behaviours and secondly, to evaluate the extent to which these paradigms facilitate or inhibit successful collective bargaining between the two parties as currently constituted in the PSBC. The secondary objective was to develop recommendations to the PSBC for improved relations between the parties. This study was a qualitative exploration of perceptions of labour-management relations in the Public Service Bargaining Council of Botswana. A phenomenological approach was adopted in this study to explore the parties’ perspectives, experiences of the labour-management relations from their description of the relationship. Data collection was done through interviews. An interview schedule with two sets of semi-structured questions, one for trade unions and another for public service management was used to guide data collection from participants. However, interviews were only done with the trade union party as the researcher could not interview management due the long process required for public service managers give interviews. The results of the study revealed a diverse and nuanced interrelation between politics, macroeconomic policy and culture impacting Labour-management relations in Botswana. Firstly, the results show two unique relationships affecting employment relations in the Botswana public service. The first relationship was between labour and state and the second between labour and management. The relationship between the state and labour is characterised by antagonism and subordination of labour to capital and the state in a bid to secure industrial peace and attract foreign direct investment. The labour-management relationship in the Botswana public service has been impacted or influenced the by managers who hold Paternalistic Unitarist employment views and the labour movement which exhibit a shift from pluralist to critical employment relations views. The 2011 public service strike was identified as an “anchoring event” which has transformed the labour -management relations in the Botswana public service from accommodation to antagonism.
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- Date Issued: 2019
Evaluating recruitment practices at the auditor general of South Africa
- Authors: Snyders, Curtis
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Employees -- Recruiting -- South Africa , Employee selection -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:8932 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021189
- Description: This research study evaluated recruitment practices at the Auditor-General of South Africa (AGSA). The AGSA recruit highly skilled talented individuals in a country with a problem with a shortage of skills. Recruitment at the organisation is therefore an important function and key to the success of the AGSA. There is no clear indication that the AGSA, when filling vacancies, should recruit from its internal resources or recruit externally. This research looked to establish an ideal ratio between the recruitment from internal and external employees. To achieve the objectives, a literature review was conducted to determine the various combinations of recruitment. The literature was divided into talent management, internal and external recruitment, as well as succession management. The research took the form of a case study, looking at recruitment practices within the AGSA. A questionnaire was developed to gather information from employees in the AGSA, around their assessment of recruitment and their opinion on internal and external recruitment. The questionnaire was distributed online and various levels of employees within the organisation participated in responding to the questionnaire. The most recent recruitment reports were presented and analysed. Information was gathered from literature on recruitment and the AGSA employee’s by means of an online questionnaire. Recommendations were made to the AGSA taking into consideration the current practices within the organisation and the research undertaken for this dissertation.
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- Date Issued: 2014
Investigation of device and performance parameters of photovoltaic devices
- Authors: Macabebe, Erees Queen Barrido
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Photovoltaic cells , Solar cells , Photovoltaic power systems , Photovoltaic power generation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10538 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1003 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012890 , Photovoltaic cells , Solar cells , Photovoltaic power systems , Photovoltaic power generation
- Description: In order to investigate the influence of parasitic resistances, saturation current and diode ideality factor on the performance of photovoltaic devices, parameter extraction routines employing the standard iteration (SI) method and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method were developed to extract the series resistance, shunt resistance, saturation current and ideality factor from the I-V characteristics of solar cells and PV modules. The well-known one- and two-diode models were used to describe the behavior of the I-V curve and the parameters of the models were determined by approximation and iteration techniques. The SI and the PSO extraction programmes were used to assess the suitability of the one- and the two-diode solar cell models in describing the I-V characteristics of mono- and multicrystalline silicon solar cells, CISS- and CIGSS-based solar cells. This exercise revealed that the two-diode model provides more information regarding the different processes involved in solar cell operation. Between the two methods developed, the PSO method is faster, yielded fitted curves with lower standard deviation of residuals and, therefore, was the preferred extraction method. The PSO method was then used to extract the device parameters of CISS-based solar cells with the CISS layer selenized under different selenization process conditions and CIGSS-based solar cells with varying i-ZnO layer thickness. For the CISS-based solar cells, the detrimental effect of parasitic resistances on device performance increased when the temperature and duration of the selenization process was increased. For the CIGSS-based devices, photogeneration improved with increasing i-ZnO layer thickness. At high forward bias, bulk recombination and/or tunneling-assisted recombination were the dominant processes affecting the I-V characteristics of the devices. v Lastly, device and performance parameters of mono-, multicrystalline silicon and CIS modules derived from I-V characteristics obtained under dark and illuminated conditions were analyzed considering the effects of temperature on the performance of the devices. Results showed that the effects of parasitic resistances are greater under illumination and, under outdoor conditions, the values further declined due to increasing temperature. The saturation current and ideality factor also increased under outdoor conditions which suggest increased recombination and, coupled with the adverse effects of parasitic resistances, these factors result in lower FF and lower maximum power point. Analysis performed on crystalline silicon and thin film devices utilized in this study revealed that parameter extraction from I-V characteristics of photovoltaic devices and, in particular, the implementation of PSO in solar cell device parameter extraction developed in this work is a useful characterization technique.
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- Date Issued: 2009