Uphicotho nzulu lokusetyenziswa kwamandla eempawu zesimiyotiki kwiinoveli ezichongiweyo zesiXhosa
- Authors: Mvanyashe, Andiswa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Semiotics , Xhosa literature -- Research Folk literature, Xhosa
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32916 , vital:32397
- Description: Olu phando lungesimiyotiki, oko ukutsho, ufundo-nzulu ngeempawu nemiqondiso. Le ngcingane yesimiyotiki ithi ixhaswe yingcingane yesemantiki, yesintaksi, neyepragmatiki kolu phando. Ezi ngcingane ziyahambisana kuba zonke zinento enye ezifana ngayo, ukushukuxa intsingiselo yeempawu nemiqondiso ngokwahlukana kwayo. Isimiyotiki ithi isetyenziswe ukuhlalutya ezi ncwadi zintathu zilandelayo zaba babhali: ekaJordan (1940) ethi Ingqumbo Yeminyanya, Ukuqhawuka kwembeleko nguD.M Jongilanga (1982) noUkuba ndandazile nguW.K Tamsanqa (1976). Uphando luthe lwahlulwa ngezihloko ezithandathu; isihloko sokuqala sinika ingcaciso yophando luphela; isihloko sesibini singena nzulu sicacise ingcingane esetyenzisiweyo yesimiyotiki kunye nezo ziyixhasayo; kwisihloko sesithathu kushukuxwa isimiyotiki nenkcubeko; kwisihloko sesine kushukuxwa isimiyotiki nemo yokumila; kwisihloko sesihlanu kushukuxwa isimiyotiki nepragmatiki; kwisihloko sesithandathu kushwankathelwa okanye kuququnjelwe yonke into - into ethe yaqhubeka kolu phando kunikwa neengcebiso eluntwini. Uphando luphela luzivelele iinkalo ezininzi zesimiyotiki kwaye lwaphendula nemibuzo yophando, lwafezekisa iinjongo zophando, lwafaka nomceli-mngeni kwabanye abaphandi abasaza kuphanda ngesimiyotiki. Kolu phando inkcubeko ibonakele kakhulu ukuba yinxenye yesimiyotiki kuba ibonisa imiqondiso neempawu ezinika intsingiselo.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mvanyashe, Andiswa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Semiotics , Xhosa literature -- Research Folk literature, Xhosa
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32916 , vital:32397
- Description: Olu phando lungesimiyotiki, oko ukutsho, ufundo-nzulu ngeempawu nemiqondiso. Le ngcingane yesimiyotiki ithi ixhaswe yingcingane yesemantiki, yesintaksi, neyepragmatiki kolu phando. Ezi ngcingane ziyahambisana kuba zonke zinento enye ezifana ngayo, ukushukuxa intsingiselo yeempawu nemiqondiso ngokwahlukana kwayo. Isimiyotiki ithi isetyenziswe ukuhlalutya ezi ncwadi zintathu zilandelayo zaba babhali: ekaJordan (1940) ethi Ingqumbo Yeminyanya, Ukuqhawuka kwembeleko nguD.M Jongilanga (1982) noUkuba ndandazile nguW.K Tamsanqa (1976). Uphando luthe lwahlulwa ngezihloko ezithandathu; isihloko sokuqala sinika ingcaciso yophando luphela; isihloko sesibini singena nzulu sicacise ingcingane esetyenzisiweyo yesimiyotiki kunye nezo ziyixhasayo; kwisihloko sesithathu kushukuxwa isimiyotiki nenkcubeko; kwisihloko sesine kushukuxwa isimiyotiki nemo yokumila; kwisihloko sesihlanu kushukuxwa isimiyotiki nepragmatiki; kwisihloko sesithandathu kushwankathelwa okanye kuququnjelwe yonke into - into ethe yaqhubeka kolu phando kunikwa neengcebiso eluntwini. Uphando luphela luzivelele iinkalo ezininzi zesimiyotiki kwaye lwaphendula nemibuzo yophando, lwafezekisa iinjongo zophando, lwafaka nomceli-mngeni kwabanye abaphandi abasaza kuphanda ngesimiyotiki. Kolu phando inkcubeko ibonakele kakhulu ukuba yinxenye yesimiyotiki kuba ibonisa imiqondiso neempawu ezinika intsingiselo.
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- Date Issued: 2018
Uphicotho-nzulu ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngababhali bezini ezahlukeneyo kwiincwadi zesixhosa ezikhethiweyo
- Authors: Fali, Nompumelelo Winnifred
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Usage , Gender identity in literature Xhosa literature -- Research
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29871 , vital:30787
- Description: Uphando luza kugxininisa kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngababhali bezini ezahlukeneyo. Ulwazi olukhoyo kolu phando lujolise ekuphandeni, uphicotho–nzulu kuphononongwa iincwadi zesiXhosa ezikhethiweyo. Phambi kokuba kujongwe okuqulathiweyo ngababhali bezini kufuneka kujongwe kuqwalaselwe indlela ababhali abasebenzisa ngayo ulwimi. Kuza kujongwa nendlela ababazoba ngayo abalinganiswa kuncwadi ingakumbi ababhali abangamadoda, kuba kubalulekile kujongwe indlela abazotywa ngayo kwakunye nolwimi ukuze kube lula ukuqonda indlela olwakhiwe ngayo uphando. Ngokutsho kukaStralton, (1990:98) abalinganiswa basetyhini bakhiwa ngeendlela ezininzi maxa wambi babizwa ngendlela apho eneengcinga ezineentetho ezisoloko zisetyenziswa ezingalunganga, kwanokungalingani kwezini kuba yingxaki esoloko ikho amaxesha amaninzi. Uqhubeka athi abalinganiswa basetyhini bazotywe njengoomama ababopheleleke emakhaya, kodwa benoxanduva lokujonga amakhaya, abantwana, abayeni kwanabantu bomzi. Indawo yabasetyhini ibonwa njengeyokuba isekhitshini apho soloko besebenza khona. Uphinda oleke ngelithi ababhali abangamadoda batyibela abalinganiswa basetyhini njengabantu abangathembekanga ekwenzeni okulungileyo kwanokutyhefa okanye ukungcolisa uluntu entlalweni. ULeslie (1987:05) ucacisa banzi ngabantu basetyhini athi bangabalinganiswa abazotywa kubhalo-ncwadi njengabantu abamele “oomama abaswiti” abavuma yonke into engavumelekanga okanye engathandekiyo kwaye ngabantu abazinikelayo bancame ubom babo. Esi siqu sika“mama” uLeslie (1987:15) uthetha ngaso ehlanganisa “umama waseAfrika” onobuhle ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukwakhiwa kwakunye nokuhlaziyeka kwakhe. Isiqu esihle, uyaphinda-phinda ukuthi, abasetyhini banomonde kwakunye nothando olunovakalelo, indlela ebonakalisa ubunjani babo. Abalinganiswa abaninzi basetyhini bamiswa ziingcinga neentetho ezisoloko zisetyenziswa zezini ukwenzela imigudu nemizamo yabo yokwenyuka itsalelwe ezantsi kubekho imibuzo engenampendulo.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Fali, Nompumelelo Winnifred
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Usage , Gender identity in literature Xhosa literature -- Research
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29871 , vital:30787
- Description: Uphando luza kugxininisa kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngababhali bezini ezahlukeneyo. Ulwazi olukhoyo kolu phando lujolise ekuphandeni, uphicotho–nzulu kuphononongwa iincwadi zesiXhosa ezikhethiweyo. Phambi kokuba kujongwe okuqulathiweyo ngababhali bezini kufuneka kujongwe kuqwalaselwe indlela ababhali abasebenzisa ngayo ulwimi. Kuza kujongwa nendlela ababazoba ngayo abalinganiswa kuncwadi ingakumbi ababhali abangamadoda, kuba kubalulekile kujongwe indlela abazotywa ngayo kwakunye nolwimi ukuze kube lula ukuqonda indlela olwakhiwe ngayo uphando. Ngokutsho kukaStralton, (1990:98) abalinganiswa basetyhini bakhiwa ngeendlela ezininzi maxa wambi babizwa ngendlela apho eneengcinga ezineentetho ezisoloko zisetyenziswa ezingalunganga, kwanokungalingani kwezini kuba yingxaki esoloko ikho amaxesha amaninzi. Uqhubeka athi abalinganiswa basetyhini bazotywe njengoomama ababopheleleke emakhaya, kodwa benoxanduva lokujonga amakhaya, abantwana, abayeni kwanabantu bomzi. Indawo yabasetyhini ibonwa njengeyokuba isekhitshini apho soloko besebenza khona. Uphinda oleke ngelithi ababhali abangamadoda batyibela abalinganiswa basetyhini njengabantu abangathembekanga ekwenzeni okulungileyo kwanokutyhefa okanye ukungcolisa uluntu entlalweni. ULeslie (1987:05) ucacisa banzi ngabantu basetyhini athi bangabalinganiswa abazotywa kubhalo-ncwadi njengabantu abamele “oomama abaswiti” abavuma yonke into engavumelekanga okanye engathandekiyo kwaye ngabantu abazinikelayo bancame ubom babo. Esi siqu sika“mama” uLeslie (1987:15) uthetha ngaso ehlanganisa “umama waseAfrika” onobuhle ngaphakathi nangaphandle ukwakhiwa kwakunye nokuhlaziyeka kwakhe. Isiqu esihle, uyaphinda-phinda ukuthi, abasetyhini banomonde kwakunye nothando olunovakalelo, indlela ebonakalisa ubunjani babo. Abalinganiswa abaninzi basetyhini bamiswa ziingcinga neentetho ezisoloko zisetyenziswa zezini ukwenzela imigudu nemizamo yabo yokwenyuka itsalelwe ezantsi kubekho imibuzo engenampendulo.
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- Date Issued: 2018
Uphononongo lwemiba yentlalo inkcubeko noburharha ephembelela ababhali kuthiyo lwabalinganiswa kwiincwadi zedrama zesiXhosa ezichongiweyo
- Authors: Kapa, Nompumelelo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Characters and characteristics in literature Xhosa drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8440 , vital:32795
- Description: Olu phando luzakuqwalasela iimeko abathi bazilandele ababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa phantsi kweemeko zenkcubeko noburharha, kwakunye nokubaluleka kwalo gabalala. Oku kuzakwenziwa kuboniswa nenxaxheba elithi liyidlale ebomini. Kuza kuhlalutywa ezi ncwadi zilandelayo:Amaza ngokubhalwe ngu-Z.S. Qangule, Buzani kuBawo ngu-W.K.Tamsanqa Akwaba ng-T.Ntwana, Iziphumo Zodendo ngu-L.E.Menze, Emgxobhozweni ngu-B.B.Mkonto, Yeha Mfazi Obulala Indoda ngu-L.L.Ngewu, Hay’Ukuzenza ngu-C.F.Jaji. Kwezi ncwadi kuzakuhlalutywa iimeko ezilandelwa ngababhali xa bethiya abalinganiswa kunye nendima edlalwa ligama lo mlinganiswa ngamnye ebalini, oku kuza kubonisa indlela ekuthiywa ngayo ekuhlaleni kwakunye nokubaluleka kwegama kumnini lo. Isahluko sokuqala sizakunika amagqabantshintshi ngolu phando. Esi sahlukosiqulathe oku kulandelayo:Ingabula zigcawu ngophando• Imvelaphi ngentsusa yokuthiywa kwegama• Iinjongo zolu phando• Okunye okufunyenweyo kolu phando• Indlela oluza kuqhutywa ngayo olu phando• Iingxaki zolu phando• Imibuzo yolu phando• Amagqabantshintshi ngezahluko zoluphando Isahluko sesibini siqwalasele ithiyori ezakuthi isetyenziswe kolu phando . Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi kuqwalaselwe ukuba bathini abanye ababhali ngothiyo. Isahluko sesithathu luphononongo lwabalinganiswa kwincwadi nganye kwezichongiweyo, kulandelwa inkcubeko neemeko zasekuhlaleni . Isahluko sesine sijonge ubugcisa boburharha obulandelwe ngababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa, kwiincwadi ezichongiweyo, kwakunye nendima ethi edlalwe ngabalinganiswa ebalini. Isahluko sesihlanu nesisesokugqibela, siveza ulwazi oluthe lwafumaneka kuthiyo ngqo, luthelekisa nothiyo ezincwadini,sishwankathela iziphumo zophando.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kapa, Nompumelelo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Characters and characteristics in literature Xhosa drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8440 , vital:32795
- Description: Olu phando luzakuqwalasela iimeko abathi bazilandele ababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa phantsi kweemeko zenkcubeko noburharha, kwakunye nokubaluleka kwalo gabalala. Oku kuzakwenziwa kuboniswa nenxaxheba elithi liyidlale ebomini. Kuza kuhlalutywa ezi ncwadi zilandelayo:Amaza ngokubhalwe ngu-Z.S. Qangule, Buzani kuBawo ngu-W.K.Tamsanqa Akwaba ng-T.Ntwana, Iziphumo Zodendo ngu-L.E.Menze, Emgxobhozweni ngu-B.B.Mkonto, Yeha Mfazi Obulala Indoda ngu-L.L.Ngewu, Hay’Ukuzenza ngu-C.F.Jaji. Kwezi ncwadi kuzakuhlalutywa iimeko ezilandelwa ngababhali xa bethiya abalinganiswa kunye nendima edlalwa ligama lo mlinganiswa ngamnye ebalini, oku kuza kubonisa indlela ekuthiywa ngayo ekuhlaleni kwakunye nokubaluleka kwegama kumnini lo. Isahluko sokuqala sizakunika amagqabantshintshi ngolu phando. Esi sahlukosiqulathe oku kulandelayo:Ingabula zigcawu ngophando• Imvelaphi ngentsusa yokuthiywa kwegama• Iinjongo zolu phando• Okunye okufunyenweyo kolu phando• Indlela oluza kuqhutywa ngayo olu phando• Iingxaki zolu phando• Imibuzo yolu phando• Amagqabantshintshi ngezahluko zoluphando Isahluko sesibini siqwalasele ithiyori ezakuthi isetyenziswe kolu phando . Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi kuqwalaselwe ukuba bathini abanye ababhali ngothiyo. Isahluko sesithathu luphononongo lwabalinganiswa kwincwadi nganye kwezichongiweyo, kulandelwa inkcubeko neemeko zasekuhlaleni . Isahluko sesine sijonge ubugcisa boburharha obulandelwe ngababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa, kwiincwadi ezichongiweyo, kwakunye nendima ethi edlalwe ngabalinganiswa ebalini. Isahluko sesihlanu nesisesokugqibela, siveza ulwazi oluthe lwafumaneka kuthiyo ngqo, luthelekisa nothiyo ezincwadini,sishwankathela iziphumo zophando.
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- Date Issued: 2018
Uphononongo-nzulu ngokwesithako solwazi lwemveli ngefuthe lolwimi lokuhlonipha kuluntu jikelele
- Authors: Dude, Linda Miranda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Reseach , Psycholinguistics Anthropological linguistics Sociolinguistics
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29904 , vital:30792
- Description: Olu phando lubunjwe ukuze luphande ifuthe lolwimi lokuhlonipha, oluyenye yeentsika eqamele ngazo inkcubeko yabantu abaNtsundu. Luphando olugxile kwinkcubeko yabantu abantetho isisiXhosa, igcuntswana labemi oluyinxalenye yeentlanga zoMzantsi Afrika. Umphandi ubone kubalulekile kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba akhe aphose amehlo anike ingqalelo kwinkcubeko yamaXhosa ephanda nzulu ngamabakala okukhula nokudodobala kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luqamele ngamandla kulwimi lokuhlonipha lungqanyaniswa neenkqubo zenkcubeko ezifana nolwaluko, umtshato wesiNtu, luchankcathe phezu kolwimi lwentlonelo kuhlonelwa izinto ezahlukileyo ezifana nemozulu, imilambo, amangcwaba, iinkundla kunye nezinye. Okukona kuphakamise umphandi ukuba enze olu phando yinto yokuba ukufika kwempucuko yaseNtshona, ukunaba okanye ukwanda kwenkolo yobuKrestu, ukudibana kwabamnyama nabamhlophe ingakumbi kwimitshato, ukuthandana kube nefuthe kulwimi lokuhlonipha olusakuba yintsika yenkcubeko yamaXhosa iinkulungwane ngeenkulungwane zeminyaka. Xa sijonga iinguqu kwezembali nezopolitiko nezithe zabanefuthe elibonakalayo ekutyeshelweni kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa, olu phando luza kwayama uxhase uqalo ngokutsha sithathe apho sishiye khona, loo nto ikukuzama ukuvuselela zonke izinto ezazisandula zisenzeka ukugcina inkcubeko nobuzwe bethu. Olu phando luza kuthi lugxininise kulwimi lwesiXhosa nenkcubeko yalo. Le ngxoxo iza kujonga okokuba intetho yamaXhosa ethi: indoda njengentloko, inefuthe elingakanani ekubekeni abantu ababhinqileyo kumgangatho ongezantsi kowamadoda.Injongo yingxam yaloo nto umntu afuna ukuyibhentsisa. Yintsusa mabandla eyenza ukuba umntu aphakame aphande exhinele ukubona inguqu okanye aphuhlise okuthile. Injongo yolu phando kukutsala emva ludandalazise lutyhile ubutyebi benkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luza kudandalazisa lubeke elubala indlela izinto zazisenziwa ngayo singekaxhwilwa simke nomrhiba wempucuko yaseNtshona. Olu phando luza kuphuhlisa lubonise indima edlalwa lulwimi lokuhlonipha ekwakheni isizwe esiphilileyo nesomeleleyo. Luza kuqwalasela ifuthe lwenkolo yobuKrestu nefike yatshintsha indlela olwalubaluleke ngayo unqulo kwaXhosa, abantu, iindawo, izilo ezazihlonitshwa zinikwa indawo ebalulekileyo esizweni. Luzama ukwenza utshongo oluza kuhlafuna wona umthinjana nomlisela osakhulayo wesizwe esiNtsundu lugcine amasiko nezithethe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dude, Linda Miranda
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Xhosa language -- Reseach , Psycholinguistics Anthropological linguistics Sociolinguistics
- Language: Isixhosa
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29904 , vital:30792
- Description: Olu phando lubunjwe ukuze luphande ifuthe lolwimi lokuhlonipha, oluyenye yeentsika eqamele ngazo inkcubeko yabantu abaNtsundu. Luphando olugxile kwinkcubeko yabantu abantetho isisiXhosa, igcuntswana labemi oluyinxalenye yeentlanga zoMzantsi Afrika. Umphandi ubone kubalulekile kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba akhe aphose amehlo anike ingqalelo kwinkcubeko yamaXhosa ephanda nzulu ngamabakala okukhula nokudodobala kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luqamele ngamandla kulwimi lokuhlonipha lungqanyaniswa neenkqubo zenkcubeko ezifana nolwaluko, umtshato wesiNtu, luchankcathe phezu kolwimi lwentlonelo kuhlonelwa izinto ezahlukileyo ezifana nemozulu, imilambo, amangcwaba, iinkundla kunye nezinye. Okukona kuphakamise umphandi ukuba enze olu phando yinto yokuba ukufika kwempucuko yaseNtshona, ukunaba okanye ukwanda kwenkolo yobuKrestu, ukudibana kwabamnyama nabamhlophe ingakumbi kwimitshato, ukuthandana kube nefuthe kulwimi lokuhlonipha olusakuba yintsika yenkcubeko yamaXhosa iinkulungwane ngeenkulungwane zeminyaka. Xa sijonga iinguqu kwezembali nezopolitiko nezithe zabanefuthe elibonakalayo ekutyeshelweni kwenkcubeko yamaXhosa, olu phando luza kwayama uxhase uqalo ngokutsha sithathe apho sishiye khona, loo nto ikukuzama ukuvuselela zonke izinto ezazisandula zisenzeka ukugcina inkcubeko nobuzwe bethu. Olu phando luza kuthi lugxininise kulwimi lwesiXhosa nenkcubeko yalo. Le ngxoxo iza kujonga okokuba intetho yamaXhosa ethi: indoda njengentloko, inefuthe elingakanani ekubekeni abantu ababhinqileyo kumgangatho ongezantsi kowamadoda.Injongo yingxam yaloo nto umntu afuna ukuyibhentsisa. Yintsusa mabandla eyenza ukuba umntu aphakame aphande exhinele ukubona inguqu okanye aphuhlise okuthile. Injongo yolu phando kukutsala emva ludandalazise lutyhile ubutyebi benkcubeko yamaXhosa. Olu phando luza kudandalazisa lubeke elubala indlela izinto zazisenziwa ngayo singekaxhwilwa simke nomrhiba wempucuko yaseNtshona. Olu phando luza kuphuhlisa lubonise indima edlalwa lulwimi lokuhlonipha ekwakheni isizwe esiphilileyo nesomeleleyo. Luza kuqwalasela ifuthe lwenkolo yobuKrestu nefike yatshintsha indlela olwalubaluleke ngayo unqulo kwaXhosa, abantu, iindawo, izilo ezazihlonitshwa zinikwa indawo ebalulekileyo esizweni. Luzama ukwenza utshongo oluza kuhlafuna wona umthinjana nomlisela osakhulayo wesizwe esiNtsundu lugcine amasiko nezithethe.
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- Date Issued: 2018
Urban agriculture and stokvels
- Authors: Sonti, Yolisa Wendy
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- Economic aspects , Agriculture -- Finance Cooperative societies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23142 , vital:30433
- Description: Agriculture has been identified as a strategy for sustainable development in an attempt to improve food security and alleviate poverty around the world. Urban agriculture is the practise of farming and gardening in urban and peri-urban areas. There has been a growing trend to involve innovative methods to urban agriculture due to lack of land in urban areas. Stokvels are informal saving groups popularly used in South Africa. This is one of the strategies families in South Africa use to generate income, as a result of the high rate of unemployment in the country. The income from stokvels is used by members to source food and sustain their families. This study aims to investigate the possibility of using stokvels in urban agriculture for entrepreneurial purposes to improve the level of food security and alleviate unemployment and increase the household income of families in South Africa. This study therefore reviews literature on urban agriculture and identifies its enablers and barriers. Literature on stokvels is also reviewed, the reasons for participation in stokvels are highlighted and the different types of stokvels are also identified. The literature that was reviewed on urban agriculture and stokvels informed the questionnaire of the study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a representative sample of 152 stokvel members in the Nelson Mandela Bay Area. The results from the questionnaire were then analysed using univariate analysis and descriptive statistics. Multivariate analysis and inferential statistics were also used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that stokvel members know agriculture activities although they do not use their stokvel funds to participate in urban agriculture. The study found that stokvel members participate in stokvels as means to generate income for their households. It was also found that there is interest among stokvel members to use their stokvel funds in urban agriculture. A conceptual model of urban agriculture for stokvel members was developed from the study which enabled the possibility for future detailed research in testing the model.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Sonti, Yolisa Wendy
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- Economic aspects , Agriculture -- Finance Cooperative societies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23142 , vital:30433
- Description: Agriculture has been identified as a strategy for sustainable development in an attempt to improve food security and alleviate poverty around the world. Urban agriculture is the practise of farming and gardening in urban and peri-urban areas. There has been a growing trend to involve innovative methods to urban agriculture due to lack of land in urban areas. Stokvels are informal saving groups popularly used in South Africa. This is one of the strategies families in South Africa use to generate income, as a result of the high rate of unemployment in the country. The income from stokvels is used by members to source food and sustain their families. This study aims to investigate the possibility of using stokvels in urban agriculture for entrepreneurial purposes to improve the level of food security and alleviate unemployment and increase the household income of families in South Africa. This study therefore reviews literature on urban agriculture and identifies its enablers and barriers. Literature on stokvels is also reviewed, the reasons for participation in stokvels are highlighted and the different types of stokvels are also identified. The literature that was reviewed on urban agriculture and stokvels informed the questionnaire of the study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a representative sample of 152 stokvel members in the Nelson Mandela Bay Area. The results from the questionnaire were then analysed using univariate analysis and descriptive statistics. Multivariate analysis and inferential statistics were also used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that stokvel members know agriculture activities although they do not use their stokvel funds to participate in urban agriculture. The study found that stokvel members participate in stokvels as means to generate income for their households. It was also found that there is interest among stokvel members to use their stokvel funds in urban agriculture. A conceptual model of urban agriculture for stokvel members was developed from the study which enabled the possibility for future detailed research in testing the model.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Urban agriculture in Nelson Mandela Bay: a case study
- Authors: Philander, Bronwyn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34318 , vital:33301
- Description: Urban agriculture has gained importance due to the rise of both urban poverty and unemployment. In countries such as Malaysia, urban agriculture addresses food security by providing urban dwellers with access to nutritious, safe and cost-effective food. The rising food prices and unemployment in South Africa have put food security of the urban poor in a precarious position and whilst the benefits of urban agriculture have been researched, the main problem identified was that residents in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) were not practising urban agriculture. Thus, this study aims to identify the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture in NMB. The positivism paradigm was adopted for this study. The study was an exploratory study and used Holland Park as a case study. Holland Park is situated in the centre of the city of Port Elizabeth, also known as NMB and is surrounded by Mercantile Hospital, Aspen Pharmaceutical Company, Mondelez International (previously Cadbury) and Morewag Primary School. It falls within ward seven namely the Greenacres/North End cluster of the Nelson Mandela Bay geographical area. This area consists of approximately 1189 residents and most women are housewives. This area was chosen due to the high rate of unemployment amongst women. A sample of 300 was drawn from residents in Holland Park. The selection of the respondents was based on convenience sampling. A cross sectional study was conducted and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The measuring instrument used an existing questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the measuring instrument were confirmed using construct validity and internal reliability. Exploratory factor analysis was undertaken and six factors were extracted, namely attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, perceptions and knowledge. These factors were thus identified as the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture. Data collected were subject to several statistical analyses – these included both descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson’s product moment correlations were conducted and findings revealed that all factors except food availability are significantly and positively correlated to the dependent variable, urban agriculture. In addition, food availability showed a negative correlation and a high positive correlation was reported between urban agriculture and knowledge. Hereafter, multiple regression analysis was performed, to identify the strength of the effect that the independent variables, namely attitude, food availability, awareness, lifestyle, perceptions and knowledge have on the dependent variable, urban agriculture. This allowed the researcher to make conclusions as to whether the independent variables are enablers or barriers, depending on the strength of effect. Thus, the enablers identified for this study were attitude, lifestyle and perceptions. These factors were all positive and significantly related to urban agriculture. Food availability was negatively related to urban agriculture, indicating that the more residents had food available, the less they would practise or participate in urban agriculture. Thus, food availability was found to be a barrier to practising urban agriculture in NMB. Finally, awareness and knowledge (under multiple regression analysis) appeared to have not been significantly related to urban agriculture – as such it was insignificant and could not be regarded an enabler nor a barrier. In order to establish whether relationships existed between the demographic factors (age, gender, qualification, employment status and being a breadwinner) and the independent variables (attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, knowledge and perceptions) investigated in this study, an analysis of variance was undertaken. The results indicated that gender, employment status and being a breadwinner were not related to any of the factors. However, qualification had a significant relationship with attitude (p<0.000), awareness (p<0.004), knowledge (p<0.040) and perceptions (p<0.000), indicating that residents who had a post-matric qualification indicated a positive attitude towards urban agriculture and were more aware of the benefits of urban agriculture towards one’s health and the environment. Findings also revealed that having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ knowledge with regard to growing food in a sustainable manner, such as using recyclable materials (as holding containers) when practising urban agriculture. In addition, having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ perceptions regarding urban agriculture, these related to teaching children the importance of gardening (amongst others). In conclusion, findings indicated that residents had an interest in urban agriculture and had some knowledge with regard to growing their own fruit and vegetables.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Philander, Bronwyn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Urban agriculture -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Agriculture -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34318 , vital:33301
- Description: Urban agriculture has gained importance due to the rise of both urban poverty and unemployment. In countries such as Malaysia, urban agriculture addresses food security by providing urban dwellers with access to nutritious, safe and cost-effective food. The rising food prices and unemployment in South Africa have put food security of the urban poor in a precarious position and whilst the benefits of urban agriculture have been researched, the main problem identified was that residents in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) were not practising urban agriculture. Thus, this study aims to identify the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture in NMB. The positivism paradigm was adopted for this study. The study was an exploratory study and used Holland Park as a case study. Holland Park is situated in the centre of the city of Port Elizabeth, also known as NMB and is surrounded by Mercantile Hospital, Aspen Pharmaceutical Company, Mondelez International (previously Cadbury) and Morewag Primary School. It falls within ward seven namely the Greenacres/North End cluster of the Nelson Mandela Bay geographical area. This area consists of approximately 1189 residents and most women are housewives. This area was chosen due to the high rate of unemployment amongst women. A sample of 300 was drawn from residents in Holland Park. The selection of the respondents was based on convenience sampling. A cross sectional study was conducted and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The measuring instrument used an existing questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the measuring instrument were confirmed using construct validity and internal reliability. Exploratory factor analysis was undertaken and six factors were extracted, namely attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, perceptions and knowledge. These factors were thus identified as the enablers and barriers of urban agriculture. Data collected were subject to several statistical analyses – these included both descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson’s product moment correlations were conducted and findings revealed that all factors except food availability are significantly and positively correlated to the dependent variable, urban agriculture. In addition, food availability showed a negative correlation and a high positive correlation was reported between urban agriculture and knowledge. Hereafter, multiple regression analysis was performed, to identify the strength of the effect that the independent variables, namely attitude, food availability, awareness, lifestyle, perceptions and knowledge have on the dependent variable, urban agriculture. This allowed the researcher to make conclusions as to whether the independent variables are enablers or barriers, depending on the strength of effect. Thus, the enablers identified for this study were attitude, lifestyle and perceptions. These factors were all positive and significantly related to urban agriculture. Food availability was negatively related to urban agriculture, indicating that the more residents had food available, the less they would practise or participate in urban agriculture. Thus, food availability was found to be a barrier to practising urban agriculture in NMB. Finally, awareness and knowledge (under multiple regression analysis) appeared to have not been significantly related to urban agriculture – as such it was insignificant and could not be regarded an enabler nor a barrier. In order to establish whether relationships existed between the demographic factors (age, gender, qualification, employment status and being a breadwinner) and the independent variables (attitude, food availability, lifestyle, awareness, knowledge and perceptions) investigated in this study, an analysis of variance was undertaken. The results indicated that gender, employment status and being a breadwinner were not related to any of the factors. However, qualification had a significant relationship with attitude (p<0.000), awareness (p<0.004), knowledge (p<0.040) and perceptions (p<0.000), indicating that residents who had a post-matric qualification indicated a positive attitude towards urban agriculture and were more aware of the benefits of urban agriculture towards one’s health and the environment. Findings also revealed that having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ knowledge with regard to growing food in a sustainable manner, such as using recyclable materials (as holding containers) when practising urban agriculture. In addition, having a post-matric qualification influenced residents’ perceptions regarding urban agriculture, these related to teaching children the importance of gardening (amongst others). In conclusion, findings indicated that residents had an interest in urban agriculture and had some knowledge with regard to growing their own fruit and vegetables.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Urban street names: An opportunity to examine biocultural relationships?
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182285 , vital:43817 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200891"
- Description: With increasing urbanisation there is concern regarding loss of experience and knowledge of biodiversity amongst urban populations. Yet biodiversity representations are retained in many art and functional forms, including names of places, buildings, institutions and streets. These manifestations offer a window to examine the relationship between humans and their experienced or imagined environment using a biocultural lens. I quantified the current prevalence of urban streets named after animals or plant species, the diversity of species represented, whether they are native or non-native, whether representative of the biome in which the town was situated and the change in prevalence through time. The street names of 48 towns in a one degree wide south-north belt across seven of South African’s biomes were captured and analysed. Of the 4,359 street names, 11.1% were named after plants (218 species) and 5.3% after animals (131 species), although some towns had none and others more than 40%. Approximately half of the plants were native to South Africa, whereas over 80% of the animals were. There was no correspondence between the species composition reflected in street names and the biome in which towns were located. The proportion of streets named after plants or animals has generally increased over the last two hundred years. These results provide insights into the bioculturally defined plants and animals that are valued by past and present urban communities, showing that they are generally from a wider array than can be found or experienced in the local setting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182285 , vital:43817 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200891"
- Description: With increasing urbanisation there is concern regarding loss of experience and knowledge of biodiversity amongst urban populations. Yet biodiversity representations are retained in many art and functional forms, including names of places, buildings, institutions and streets. These manifestations offer a window to examine the relationship between humans and their experienced or imagined environment using a biocultural lens. I quantified the current prevalence of urban streets named after animals or plant species, the diversity of species represented, whether they are native or non-native, whether representative of the biome in which the town was situated and the change in prevalence through time. The street names of 48 towns in a one degree wide south-north belt across seven of South African’s biomes were captured and analysed. Of the 4,359 street names, 11.1% were named after plants (218 species) and 5.3% after animals (131 species), although some towns had none and others more than 40%. Approximately half of the plants were native to South Africa, whereas over 80% of the animals were. There was no correspondence between the species composition reflected in street names and the biome in which towns were located. The proportion of streets named after plants or animals has generally increased over the last two hundred years. These results provide insights into the bioculturally defined plants and animals that are valued by past and present urban communities, showing that they are generally from a wider array than can be found or experienced in the local setting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Use of recycled rubber tyres as an alternative ingredient in cementitious building materials
- Authors: Yuill, Robert Mark
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Building materials , Building materials -- Environmental aspects Sustainable construction Recycled products
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29783 , vital:30777
- Description: The need to incorporate recycled materials in building products is becoming more important than ever before. There is an abundance of waste rubber tyres which in turn results in a waste management issue. The use of waste rubber tyres in cementitious building material provides a possible solution to the problem (Kathomi, 2009:10). Previous research has shown the introduction of recycled rubber tyre crumb can improve the durability, thermal and acoustic performance in residential and commercial buildings. This could result in lives of dwellers in concrete block buildings in South Africa improving due to these characteristics whilst potentially creating a cost-effective, sustainable building material. A grading analysis, loose and compacted bulk densities and relative densities were determined to provide a mix design. Three tests were conducted for this study namely compressive strength, fire and thermal performance and acoustic performance. The testing was conducted on 100mmx100mm cubes at varying rubber replacement percentages. The replacement values were 10%, 20% and 30% tested against a control of ordinary concrete. The waste rubber crumb was a replacement for sand. The research of this study showed 20 % decrease of compression strength at 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 55 % decrease at 20 % rubber replacement and 75% decrease at 30 % rubber replacement. The thermal performance test showed a 24 % lower temperature for 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 39 % lower temperature at 20 % rubber replacement and 52 % lower temperature at 30 % rubber replacement. All rubber replacement % samples and the control performed adequately in the flame resistance test. The smoke density test showed that all rubber replacement % samples did not release a quantity of smoke which would be deemed dangerous. The acoustic performance test showed the values at 10% rubber replacement was 6 % lower; at 20% rubber replacement; 4% lower and at 30% rubber replacement 14 % lower. Based on these results, the acoustic performance regarding transmission increases with a rubber replacement % higher than 20 %.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Yuill, Robert Mark
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Building materials , Building materials -- Environmental aspects Sustainable construction Recycled products
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29783 , vital:30777
- Description: The need to incorporate recycled materials in building products is becoming more important than ever before. There is an abundance of waste rubber tyres which in turn results in a waste management issue. The use of waste rubber tyres in cementitious building material provides a possible solution to the problem (Kathomi, 2009:10). Previous research has shown the introduction of recycled rubber tyre crumb can improve the durability, thermal and acoustic performance in residential and commercial buildings. This could result in lives of dwellers in concrete block buildings in South Africa improving due to these characteristics whilst potentially creating a cost-effective, sustainable building material. A grading analysis, loose and compacted bulk densities and relative densities were determined to provide a mix design. Three tests were conducted for this study namely compressive strength, fire and thermal performance and acoustic performance. The testing was conducted on 100mmx100mm cubes at varying rubber replacement percentages. The replacement values were 10%, 20% and 30% tested against a control of ordinary concrete. The waste rubber crumb was a replacement for sand. The research of this study showed 20 % decrease of compression strength at 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 55 % decrease at 20 % rubber replacement and 75% decrease at 30 % rubber replacement. The thermal performance test showed a 24 % lower temperature for 10 % rubber replacement compared to the control, 39 % lower temperature at 20 % rubber replacement and 52 % lower temperature at 30 % rubber replacement. All rubber replacement % samples and the control performed adequately in the flame resistance test. The smoke density test showed that all rubber replacement % samples did not release a quantity of smoke which would be deemed dangerous. The acoustic performance test showed the values at 10% rubber replacement was 6 % lower; at 20% rubber replacement; 4% lower and at 30% rubber replacement 14 % lower. Based on these results, the acoustic performance regarding transmission increases with a rubber replacement % higher than 20 %.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Users’ perceptions regarding password policies
- Authors: Fredericks, Damian Todd
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Computers -- Access control , Computer networks -- Security measures Computer security
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MIT
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30205 , vital:30896
- Description: Information is considered a valuable asset to most organisations and is often exposed to various threats which exploit its confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA). Identification and Authentication are commonly used to help ensure the CIA of information. This research study specifically focused on password-based authentication. Passwords are used to log into personal computers, company computers, email accounts, bank accounts and various software systems and mobile applications. Passwords act like a protective barrier between a user and their personal and company information, and remain the most cost-effective and most efficient method to control access to computer systems. An extensive content analysis was conducted regarding the security of passwords, as well as users’ password management coping strategies. It was determined that very little research has been conducted in relation to users’ perceptions towards password policies. The problem identified by this research is that organisations often implement password policy guidelines without taking into consideration users’ perceptions regarding such guidelines. This could result in users adopting various password management coping strategies. This research therefore aimed to determine users’ perceptions with regard to current password-related standards and best practices (password policy guidelines). Standards and best practices such as ISO/IEC 27002 (2013), NIST SP 800-118 (2009), NIST SP 800-63-2 (2013), NIST SP 800-63B (2016) and the SANS Password Protection Policy (2014b) were studied in order to determine the common elements of password policies. This research argued that before organisations implement password policy guidelines, they need to determine users’ perceptions towards such guidelines. It was identified that certain human factors such as human memory, attitude and apathy often cause users to adopt insecure coping strategies such as Reusing Passwords, Writing Down Passwords and Not Changing Passwords. This research included a survey which took the form of a questionnaire. The aim of the survey was to determine users’ perceptions towards common elements of password policies and to determine the coping strategies users commonly adopt. The survey included questions related to the new NIST SP 800-63B (2016) that sought to determine users’ perceptions towards these new NIST password policy iii guidelines. Findings from the survey indicated that respondents found the new NIST guidelines to be helpful, secure and easier to adhere to. Finally, recommendations regarding password policies were presented based on the common elements of password policies and users’ perceptions of the new NIST password guidelines. These recommendations could help policy makers in the implementation of new password policies or the revision of current password policies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Fredericks, Damian Todd
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Computers -- Access control , Computer networks -- Security measures Computer security
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MIT
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30205 , vital:30896
- Description: Information is considered a valuable asset to most organisations and is often exposed to various threats which exploit its confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA). Identification and Authentication are commonly used to help ensure the CIA of information. This research study specifically focused on password-based authentication. Passwords are used to log into personal computers, company computers, email accounts, bank accounts and various software systems and mobile applications. Passwords act like a protective barrier between a user and their personal and company information, and remain the most cost-effective and most efficient method to control access to computer systems. An extensive content analysis was conducted regarding the security of passwords, as well as users’ password management coping strategies. It was determined that very little research has been conducted in relation to users’ perceptions towards password policies. The problem identified by this research is that organisations often implement password policy guidelines without taking into consideration users’ perceptions regarding such guidelines. This could result in users adopting various password management coping strategies. This research therefore aimed to determine users’ perceptions with regard to current password-related standards and best practices (password policy guidelines). Standards and best practices such as ISO/IEC 27002 (2013), NIST SP 800-118 (2009), NIST SP 800-63-2 (2013), NIST SP 800-63B (2016) and the SANS Password Protection Policy (2014b) were studied in order to determine the common elements of password policies. This research argued that before organisations implement password policy guidelines, they need to determine users’ perceptions towards such guidelines. It was identified that certain human factors such as human memory, attitude and apathy often cause users to adopt insecure coping strategies such as Reusing Passwords, Writing Down Passwords and Not Changing Passwords. This research included a survey which took the form of a questionnaire. The aim of the survey was to determine users’ perceptions towards common elements of password policies and to determine the coping strategies users commonly adopt. The survey included questions related to the new NIST SP 800-63B (2016) that sought to determine users’ perceptions towards these new NIST password policy iii guidelines. Findings from the survey indicated that respondents found the new NIST guidelines to be helpful, secure and easier to adhere to. Finally, recommendations regarding password policies were presented based on the common elements of password policies and users’ perceptions of the new NIST password guidelines. These recommendations could help policy makers in the implementation of new password policies or the revision of current password policies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Using action cameras to assess habitat use by Pseudobarbus afer and Sandelia capensis in the Swartkops River, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Hannweg, Bianca
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Freshwater biodiversity -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater biodiversity conservation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater fishes -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater fishes -- Behavior -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater fishes -- Habitat -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Underwater videography , Anabantidae -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cyprinidae -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Pseudobarbus afer , Sandelia capensis
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62039 , vital:28098
- Description: Currently, freshwater systems are facing various threats, freshwater biota are declining and there is an increased need to monitor freshwater fauna and flora using non-invasive methods. This thesis aimed to evaluate the potential of using action cameras as a tool for the monitoring of freshwater fish populations and the collection of habitat utilisation data. This evaluation was conducted in headwater tributaries of the Swartkops River in South Africa, using two threatened species that have not been extensively studied, Pseudobarbus afer (Peters, 1864) and Sandelia capensis (Cuvier, 1831). The aims of this study were to: (1) assess the use of underwater video analysis (UWVA) using action cameras (videos and still photographs) in comparison to estimates derived from snorkel surveys, to estimate the abundance of P. afer in headwater streams; (2) use estimates derived from UWVA (videos and photographs) to assess the habitat use of two imperilled species, P. afer and S. capensis; and (3) assess habitat use by these two species in the presence of an artificial habitat. This work demonstrated that: (1) estimates derived from videos and photographs were strongly correlated to estimates derived from snorkel surveys, provided multiple cameras were used; (2) estimates derived from videos and photographs were not significantly different to estimates derived from snorkel surveys; (3) a filming period of 15 minutes was sufficient at detecting 0.9 of the cumulative mMaxN (mean MaxN) within one of the five habitats; and (4) still photographs, which are less time consuming to process than videos, could be used in preference to videos. Based on these findings, techniques using action cameras to assess habitat utilisation and behaviour in situ of the two-focal species, were developed using six habitat types (inflow, outflow, woody debris, fern root, middle and artificial) in four pools. It was demonstrated that: (1) there was a significant difference in proportional occupancies across habitats for both P. afer and S. capensis; (2) Pseudobarbus afer were mainly observed schooling in the middle of the pool and feeding on detritus material in fern root, woody debris and off the artificial structure; and (3) Sandelia capensis rapidly colonised the artificial structure and were observed utilising it for refuge. In conclusion, this work demonstrated that still photographs from action cameras can be used in place of videos to estimate the abundance of freshwater fishes and assess their habitat use and behaviour in clear headwater streams. This work also demonstrated how action cameras could be used to evaluate the effect of the introduction of artificial habitat as a restoration measure for headwater fish communities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Hannweg, Bianca
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Freshwater biodiversity -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater biodiversity conservation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater fishes -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater fishes -- Behavior -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Freshwater fishes -- Habitat -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Underwater videography , Anabantidae -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Cyprinidae -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Pseudobarbus afer , Sandelia capensis
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62039 , vital:28098
- Description: Currently, freshwater systems are facing various threats, freshwater biota are declining and there is an increased need to monitor freshwater fauna and flora using non-invasive methods. This thesis aimed to evaluate the potential of using action cameras as a tool for the monitoring of freshwater fish populations and the collection of habitat utilisation data. This evaluation was conducted in headwater tributaries of the Swartkops River in South Africa, using two threatened species that have not been extensively studied, Pseudobarbus afer (Peters, 1864) and Sandelia capensis (Cuvier, 1831). The aims of this study were to: (1) assess the use of underwater video analysis (UWVA) using action cameras (videos and still photographs) in comparison to estimates derived from snorkel surveys, to estimate the abundance of P. afer in headwater streams; (2) use estimates derived from UWVA (videos and photographs) to assess the habitat use of two imperilled species, P. afer and S. capensis; and (3) assess habitat use by these two species in the presence of an artificial habitat. This work demonstrated that: (1) estimates derived from videos and photographs were strongly correlated to estimates derived from snorkel surveys, provided multiple cameras were used; (2) estimates derived from videos and photographs were not significantly different to estimates derived from snorkel surveys; (3) a filming period of 15 minutes was sufficient at detecting 0.9 of the cumulative mMaxN (mean MaxN) within one of the five habitats; and (4) still photographs, which are less time consuming to process than videos, could be used in preference to videos. Based on these findings, techniques using action cameras to assess habitat utilisation and behaviour in situ of the two-focal species, were developed using six habitat types (inflow, outflow, woody debris, fern root, middle and artificial) in four pools. It was demonstrated that: (1) there was a significant difference in proportional occupancies across habitats for both P. afer and S. capensis; (2) Pseudobarbus afer were mainly observed schooling in the middle of the pool and feeding on detritus material in fern root, woody debris and off the artificial structure; and (3) Sandelia capensis rapidly colonised the artificial structure and were observed utilising it for refuge. In conclusion, this work demonstrated that still photographs from action cameras can be used in place of videos to estimate the abundance of freshwater fishes and assess their habitat use and behaviour in clear headwater streams. This work also demonstrated how action cameras could be used to evaluate the effect of the introduction of artificial habitat as a restoration measure for headwater fish communities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Using ambient noise tomography to image the Eastern Cape-Karoo and Karoo regions, South Africa
- Bezuidenhout, Lucian John-Ross
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Lucian John-Ross
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Geometric tomography -- South Africa , Geobiology Geology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23602 , vital:30585
- Description: The primary aim of this thesis was to explore the use of ambient seismic noise as a tool to map the subsurface of the Cape-Karoo and Karoo region of South Africa. The Karoo is an ideal laboratory to use ambient seismic signal to map the shallow subsurface, as it is a quiet and pristine environment with a relatively well known geology. Ambient seismic signals were continuously recorded at three independent networks (ArrayA, ArrayB and ArrayC). ArrayA and ArrayB comprised 17 temporary stand-alone seismic stations each and recorded ambient noise wavefields for a ten week period between August and October 2015. ArrayC comprised 19 temporary stand-alone seismic stations, recording ambient seismic noise for a period of six weeks between June and July 2016. ArrayA and ArrayB were installed in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo region, near the town of Jansenville and ArrayC was installed near the Cradock-Tarkastad region of South Africa. This thesis is made up of two separate studies. Firstly, the retrieval and coherency of Rayleigh surface waves extracted from the vertical component recordings. For the first time in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo and Karoo area, estimates of Green’s function from cross-correlating ambient noise data between stations pairs were reconstructed and shown, which can be successfully used to image the subsurface. The stacked cross-correlations between all station pairs show clear arrivals of the Rayleigh surface waves. The group velocities of the Rayleigh waves in the 2 to 7 seconds period range were picked and inverted to compute the 2-D group velocity maps. For ArrayA and ArrayB, the resulting 2-D group velocity maps at different periods resulted in a group velocity model from approximately 2 to 7 km depth, which generally show a high velocity anomaly in the north of the study area, most likely imaging the denser, thick sedimentary basin of the Karoo (Carboniferous-Permian). To the south, the low velocity anomaly likely corresponds to the overlying Jurassic- Cretaceous sequences of the younger Algoa Basin (Uitenhage Group). For ArrayC, the group velocity maps showed high velocity regions, which is consistent with the dolerite sill intrusions in the Karoo and the low velocity structures, which was interpreted as the Karoo sediments. Secondly, the study comprised of characterizing the ambient seismic noise source. The first order analysis of the symmetry of the cross-correlation function showed that, although the ambient noise sources are relatively homogeneously distributed in the study area, most (energetic) of the ambient seismic noise propagates from the coast of South Africa. This was verified by analyzing the azimuthal distribution of the ambient seismic noise.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Bezuidenhout, Lucian John-Ross
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Geometric tomography -- South Africa , Geobiology Geology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23602 , vital:30585
- Description: The primary aim of this thesis was to explore the use of ambient seismic noise as a tool to map the subsurface of the Cape-Karoo and Karoo region of South Africa. The Karoo is an ideal laboratory to use ambient seismic signal to map the shallow subsurface, as it is a quiet and pristine environment with a relatively well known geology. Ambient seismic signals were continuously recorded at three independent networks (ArrayA, ArrayB and ArrayC). ArrayA and ArrayB comprised 17 temporary stand-alone seismic stations each and recorded ambient noise wavefields for a ten week period between August and October 2015. ArrayC comprised 19 temporary stand-alone seismic stations, recording ambient seismic noise for a period of six weeks between June and July 2016. ArrayA and ArrayB were installed in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo region, near the town of Jansenville and ArrayC was installed near the Cradock-Tarkastad region of South Africa. This thesis is made up of two separate studies. Firstly, the retrieval and coherency of Rayleigh surface waves extracted from the vertical component recordings. For the first time in the south-eastern Cape-Karoo and Karoo area, estimates of Green’s function from cross-correlating ambient noise data between stations pairs were reconstructed and shown, which can be successfully used to image the subsurface. The stacked cross-correlations between all station pairs show clear arrivals of the Rayleigh surface waves. The group velocities of the Rayleigh waves in the 2 to 7 seconds period range were picked and inverted to compute the 2-D group velocity maps. For ArrayA and ArrayB, the resulting 2-D group velocity maps at different periods resulted in a group velocity model from approximately 2 to 7 km depth, which generally show a high velocity anomaly in the north of the study area, most likely imaging the denser, thick sedimentary basin of the Karoo (Carboniferous-Permian). To the south, the low velocity anomaly likely corresponds to the overlying Jurassic- Cretaceous sequences of the younger Algoa Basin (Uitenhage Group). For ArrayC, the group velocity maps showed high velocity regions, which is consistent with the dolerite sill intrusions in the Karoo and the low velocity structures, which was interpreted as the Karoo sediments. Secondly, the study comprised of characterizing the ambient seismic noise source. The first order analysis of the symmetry of the cross-correlation function showed that, although the ambient noise sources are relatively homogeneously distributed in the study area, most (energetic) of the ambient seismic noise propagates from the coast of South Africa. This was verified by analyzing the azimuthal distribution of the ambient seismic noise.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Using reading to learn pedagogy to enhance the English first additional language teachers’ classroom practice
- Authors: Mawela, Rethabile Rejoice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Reading to learn , Language transfer (Language learning) -- South Africa -- Kuruman , Language teachers -- South Africa -- Kuruman , Language and languages -- Study and teaching -- Bilingual method , Second language acquisition
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63415 , vital:28409
- Description: Drawing from the Hallidayan, Bernsteinian and Vygotskyan theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics, Pedagogic Discourse and Social Learning, this study examined the role that Rose's (2005) Reading to Learn (RtL) pedagogy could play in the development of teachers’ pedagogic practices in the teaching of English First Additional Language. The study participants teach English First Additional Language in Black, materially and economically disadvantaged rural primary schools in Kuruman, the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. As study participants, 4 intermediate phase and 4 senior phase teachers of English First Additional Language were purposively selected from 6 rural schools. Located within the Critical Paradigm, Subjective Epistemology and Mixed-Method approach, the study used documentary evidence, semi- structured interviews and RtL pedagogy as research instruments. Research findings reveal that RtL enriched and advanced teachers’ pedagogic practice in the teaching of reading and writing. As a consequence, teachers’ classroom practice of the 8 study participants improved as evidenced as their content knowledge expanded, the quality of teaching developed and their perceptions of themselves as professionals was transformed. An accompanying finding is that teachers acquired the tools to teach reading and the reading and writing proficiencies of learners in their classrooms improved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mawela, Rethabile Rejoice
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Reading to learn , Language transfer (Language learning) -- South Africa -- Kuruman , Language teachers -- South Africa -- Kuruman , Language and languages -- Study and teaching -- Bilingual method , Second language acquisition
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63415 , vital:28409
- Description: Drawing from the Hallidayan, Bernsteinian and Vygotskyan theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics, Pedagogic Discourse and Social Learning, this study examined the role that Rose's (2005) Reading to Learn (RtL) pedagogy could play in the development of teachers’ pedagogic practices in the teaching of English First Additional Language. The study participants teach English First Additional Language in Black, materially and economically disadvantaged rural primary schools in Kuruman, the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. As study participants, 4 intermediate phase and 4 senior phase teachers of English First Additional Language were purposively selected from 6 rural schools. Located within the Critical Paradigm, Subjective Epistemology and Mixed-Method approach, the study used documentary evidence, semi- structured interviews and RtL pedagogy as research instruments. Research findings reveal that RtL enriched and advanced teachers’ pedagogic practice in the teaching of reading and writing. As a consequence, teachers’ classroom practice of the 8 study participants improved as evidenced as their content knowledge expanded, the quality of teaching developed and their perceptions of themselves as professionals was transformed. An accompanying finding is that teachers acquired the tools to teach reading and the reading and writing proficiencies of learners in their classrooms improved.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vachellia erioloba (camel thorn) and microbial interactions
- Authors: Van Aswegen, Sunet
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas , Cadmium , Rhizobacteria , Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria , Acacia erioloba
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63716 , vital:28475
- Description: Vachellia erioloba (camel thorn) is one of South Africa’s economically important tree species and therefore requires further investigation to improve its health and growth. Beneficial soil microbes have positive effects on plants through various mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilisation, indole acetic acid and siderophore production and biofilm formation. These traits enhance plant growth and protect the host plant against parasitic organisms that are present in soil. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are well known for their beneficial symbiotic effects on host plants. The objective of this study was to determine the role of AM fungi and associated beneficial rhizobacteria in improving the growth of V. erioloba seedlings. Soil and root samples were collected from a farm in the Northern Cape, South Africa. Fifty-seven bacterial cultures were isolated from the soil and tested for plant growth promoting characteristics. Fourteen isolates showing at least four beneficial traits were molecularly identified using the GenBank database. The AM fungal and bacterial populations in the soil samples were assessed using Illumina sequencing. Sequences were identified using the MaarJAM and GenBank databases, respectively. Three separate pot trials were conducted to determine; 1) the effects of cadmium (Cd) on seedling growth; 2) the individual effects of three selected bacterial isolates and AM fungi alone and combined on seedling growth, and 3) the combined effects of the selected bacteria on AM fungal inoculated and uninoculated seedlings. Of the fourteen isolates the Enterobacter genera was the dominant species identified, with Acinetobacter, Pantoea and Bacillus each having one isolate. All were described as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. One isolate from each genus, excluding Pantoea, was used in the pot trials. Three genera were identified in the AM fungal population that was assessed, namely Ambispora, Paraglomus and Glomus with Ambispora being the dominant genus. The bacterial population assessed showed a high diversity of bacteria from the Actinobacteria phylum being the dominant group. The results of the heavy metal pot trial showed that the symbiotic relationship between the seedlings and AM fungi increased the seedlings’ health and growth during heavy metal stress. The combination of bacteria and AM fungi increased growth parameters in all the inoculated seedlings, but not when compared to uninoculated seedlings indicating a possible competition for nutrients. The results were influenced by the presence of a nematode, which was suspected to have been seed borne. Further investigations on these interactions are required. Inoculation of AM fungi and selected PGPR is recommended for V. erioloba seedling production. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Van Aswegen, Sunet
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas , Cadmium , Rhizobacteria , Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria , Acacia erioloba
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63716 , vital:28475
- Description: Vachellia erioloba (camel thorn) is one of South Africa’s economically important tree species and therefore requires further investigation to improve its health and growth. Beneficial soil microbes have positive effects on plants through various mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilisation, indole acetic acid and siderophore production and biofilm formation. These traits enhance plant growth and protect the host plant against parasitic organisms that are present in soil. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are well known for their beneficial symbiotic effects on host plants. The objective of this study was to determine the role of AM fungi and associated beneficial rhizobacteria in improving the growth of V. erioloba seedlings. Soil and root samples were collected from a farm in the Northern Cape, South Africa. Fifty-seven bacterial cultures were isolated from the soil and tested for plant growth promoting characteristics. Fourteen isolates showing at least four beneficial traits were molecularly identified using the GenBank database. The AM fungal and bacterial populations in the soil samples were assessed using Illumina sequencing. Sequences were identified using the MaarJAM and GenBank databases, respectively. Three separate pot trials were conducted to determine; 1) the effects of cadmium (Cd) on seedling growth; 2) the individual effects of three selected bacterial isolates and AM fungi alone and combined on seedling growth, and 3) the combined effects of the selected bacteria on AM fungal inoculated and uninoculated seedlings. Of the fourteen isolates the Enterobacter genera was the dominant species identified, with Acinetobacter, Pantoea and Bacillus each having one isolate. All were described as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. One isolate from each genus, excluding Pantoea, was used in the pot trials. Three genera were identified in the AM fungal population that was assessed, namely Ambispora, Paraglomus and Glomus with Ambispora being the dominant genus. The bacterial population assessed showed a high diversity of bacteria from the Actinobacteria phylum being the dominant group. The results of the heavy metal pot trial showed that the symbiotic relationship between the seedlings and AM fungi increased the seedlings’ health and growth during heavy metal stress. The combination of bacteria and AM fungi increased growth parameters in all the inoculated seedlings, but not when compared to uninoculated seedlings indicating a possible competition for nutrients. The results were influenced by the presence of a nematode, which was suspected to have been seed borne. Further investigations on these interactions are required. Inoculation of AM fungi and selected PGPR is recommended for V. erioloba seedling production. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vanadium-based catalysts for oxidation of organosulfur compounds: synthesis, catalysis and mechanistic studies
- Dembaremba, Tendai, Ogunlaja, Adeniyi
- Authors: Dembaremba, Tendai , Ogunlaja, Adeniyi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Organosulfur compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30248 , vital:30909
- Description: A series of oxidovanadium(IV) complexes based on the ligand, 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)imidazole, with substituent groups of different electronegativities on the phenolic para position, were successfully synthesized, characterized and investigated for their catalytic activities in the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), a typical refractory sulfur compound found in fuel. It was observed from catalytic oxidation studies that the presence of an electron withdrawing group on the phenolic para position of the ligand results in higher catalytic activity. SC-XRD data and DFT studies were used to explain the trends in activity observed. The highest activity was observed with 6.5 nmol of the nitro derivative catalyst [VO(PIMNO2)2] when 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) of DBT was converted to its sulfone derivative dibenzothiophene sulfoxide (DBTO2) using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. Potential to immobilize the complex catalysts was demonstrated through the synthesis of oxidovanadium(IV) copolymer nanofibers. The oxidovanadium nanofibers were successfully employed in the oxidation of sulfur compounds in a real fuel sample (diesel 500) which were then removed through solvent extraction using acetonitrile to give clean fuel. SC-XRD, EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were instrumental in providing insight into the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction. Vanadium oxides were also investigated as a cheaper alternative for the catalytic oxidation reaction. Phases of different vanadium oxides were synthesized by calcining NH4VO3 in air at different temperatures with an intention to investigate them for their catalytic activities. The catalyst obtained from calcination at 600⁰C was predominantly the orthorhombic phase of V2O5. Potential to immobilize the vanadium oxides was demonstrated using a silica support where NH4VO3 was impregnated onto silica and calcined in air at 600⁰C. The catalyst showed good potential in the oxidation of DBT to DBTO2, with 10 mg (43.9 μmol) of catalyst successfully converting 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) DBT to DBTO2 using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. The catalyst was also employed for a real fuel sample (diesel 500) with good results. The mechanistic aspects of vanadium oxides were also investigated in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dembaremba, Tendai , Ogunlaja, Adeniyi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Organosulfur compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30248 , vital:30909
- Description: A series of oxidovanadium(IV) complexes based on the ligand, 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)imidazole, with substituent groups of different electronegativities on the phenolic para position, were successfully synthesized, characterized and investigated for their catalytic activities in the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), a typical refractory sulfur compound found in fuel. It was observed from catalytic oxidation studies that the presence of an electron withdrawing group on the phenolic para position of the ligand results in higher catalytic activity. SC-XRD data and DFT studies were used to explain the trends in activity observed. The highest activity was observed with 6.5 nmol of the nitro derivative catalyst [VO(PIMNO2)2] when 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) of DBT was converted to its sulfone derivative dibenzothiophene sulfoxide (DBTO2) using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. Potential to immobilize the complex catalysts was demonstrated through the synthesis of oxidovanadium(IV) copolymer nanofibers. The oxidovanadium nanofibers were successfully employed in the oxidation of sulfur compounds in a real fuel sample (diesel 500) which were then removed through solvent extraction using acetonitrile to give clean fuel. SC-XRD, EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were instrumental in providing insight into the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction. Vanadium oxides were also investigated as a cheaper alternative for the catalytic oxidation reaction. Phases of different vanadium oxides were synthesized by calcining NH4VO3 in air at different temperatures with an intention to investigate them for their catalytic activities. The catalyst obtained from calcination at 600⁰C was predominantly the orthorhombic phase of V2O5. Potential to immobilize the vanadium oxides was demonstrated using a silica support where NH4VO3 was impregnated onto silica and calcined in air at 600⁰C. The catalyst showed good potential in the oxidation of DBT to DBTO2, with 10 mg (43.9 μmol) of catalyst successfully converting 100% of 100 mg (0.543 mmol) DBT to DBTO2 using 2.0 mL (1.05 mmol) of t-BuOOH. The catalyst was also employed for a real fuel sample (diesel 500) with good results. The mechanistic aspects of vanadium oxides were also investigated in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Variation in perception of environmental change in nine Solomon Islands communities: implications for securing fairness in community-based adaptation
- Ensor, Jonathan Edward, Abernethy, Kirsten Elizabeth, Hoddy, Eric Timothy, Aswani, Shankar, Albert, Simon, Vaccaro, Ismael, Benedict, Jason Jon, Beare, Douglas James
- Authors: Ensor, Jonathan Edward , Abernethy, Kirsten Elizabeth , Hoddy, Eric Timothy , Aswani, Shankar , Albert, Simon , Vaccaro, Ismael , Benedict, Jason Jon , Beare, Douglas James
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145380 , vital:38433 , DOI: 10.1007/s10113-017-1242-1
- Description: Community-based approaches are pursued in recognition of the need for place-based responses to environmental change that integrate local understandings of risk and vulnerability. Yet the potential for fair adaptation is intimately linked to how variations in perceptions of environmental change and risk are treated. There is, however, little empirical evidence of the extent and nature of variations in risk perception in and between multiple community settings. Here, we rely on data from 231 semi-structured interviews conducted in nine communities in Western Province, Solomon Islands, to statistically model different perceptions of risk and change within and between communities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Ensor, Jonathan Edward , Abernethy, Kirsten Elizabeth , Hoddy, Eric Timothy , Aswani, Shankar , Albert, Simon , Vaccaro, Ismael , Benedict, Jason Jon , Beare, Douglas James
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145380 , vital:38433 , DOI: 10.1007/s10113-017-1242-1
- Description: Community-based approaches are pursued in recognition of the need for place-based responses to environmental change that integrate local understandings of risk and vulnerability. Yet the potential for fair adaptation is intimately linked to how variations in perceptions of environmental change and risk are treated. There is, however, little empirical evidence of the extent and nature of variations in risk perception in and between multiple community settings. Here, we rely on data from 231 semi-structured interviews conducted in nine communities in Western Province, Solomon Islands, to statistically model different perceptions of risk and change within and between communities.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Verstegniese aspekte van Daniel Hugo se poësie met spesifieke verwysing na Die Twaalde Letter
- Authors: De Wee, Magdalena
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Hugo, Daniel -- Criticism and interpretation , Afrikaans poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29892 , vital:30790
- Description: This dissertation focuses in particular on the different poetic devices used by the Afrikaans poet Daniel Hugo when composing his collection of poems called Die Twaalfde Letter. At first an overview is given of Hugo’s extensive oeuvre, the recurring themes, motifs etc. and subsequently the reception of the collection under discussion. Close readings of poems to establish the rhyme patterns, the rhythm and metre, as well as the different poetic forms used by the poet will be discussed and analyse within the context of the collection as a whole. In the addendum to the dissertation the researcher will include a selection of her own poems based on an engagement with the poetic devices used by Hugo. This is one of the first dissertations dealing exclusively with Hugo’s poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: De Wee, Magdalena
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Hugo, Daniel -- Criticism and interpretation , Afrikaans poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29892 , vital:30790
- Description: This dissertation focuses in particular on the different poetic devices used by the Afrikaans poet Daniel Hugo when composing his collection of poems called Die Twaalfde Letter. At first an overview is given of Hugo’s extensive oeuvre, the recurring themes, motifs etc. and subsequently the reception of the collection under discussion. Close readings of poems to establish the rhyme patterns, the rhythm and metre, as well as the different poetic forms used by the poet will be discussed and analyse within the context of the collection as a whole. In the addendum to the dissertation the researcher will include a selection of her own poems based on an engagement with the poetic devices used by Hugo. This is one of the first dissertations dealing exclusively with Hugo’s poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Violations of good security practices in graphical passwords schemes: Enterprise constraints on scheme-design
- Vorster, Johannes, Irwin, Barry V W, van Heerden, Renier P
- Authors: Vorster, Johannes , Irwin, Barry V W , van Heerden, Renier P
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430324 , vital:72683 , https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/bitstream/handle/10204/10919/Vorster_22337_2018.pdf?sequence=1isAllowed=y
- Description: During the past decade, the sophistication and maturity of Enterprise-level Information Security (EIS) Standards and Systems has increased significantly. This maturity, particularly in the handling of enterprise-wide capability models, has led to a set of standards – e.g. ISO/IEC 27001, NIST 800-53, ISO/IEC 27789 and CSA CCM – that propose controls applicable to the implementation of an Information Security Manage-ment System (ISMS). By nature, the academic community is fruitful in its endeavour to propose new password schemes; and Graphical Passwords (GPs) have had many proposals for schemes. In this paper, we explore the impact of good security standards and lessons-learnt over the past decade of EID as a model of constraint on GPs schemes. The paper focuses on a number of GP schemes and points out the var-ious security constraints and limitations, if such schemes are to be im-plemented at the enterprise level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Vorster, Johannes , Irwin, Barry V W , van Heerden, Renier P
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/430324 , vital:72683 , https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/bitstream/handle/10204/10919/Vorster_22337_2018.pdf?sequence=1isAllowed=y
- Description: During the past decade, the sophistication and maturity of Enterprise-level Information Security (EIS) Standards and Systems has increased significantly. This maturity, particularly in the handling of enterprise-wide capability models, has led to a set of standards – e.g. ISO/IEC 27001, NIST 800-53, ISO/IEC 27789 and CSA CCM – that propose controls applicable to the implementation of an Information Security Manage-ment System (ISMS). By nature, the academic community is fruitful in its endeavour to propose new password schemes; and Graphical Passwords (GPs) have had many proposals for schemes. In this paper, we explore the impact of good security standards and lessons-learnt over the past decade of EID as a model of constraint on GPs schemes. The paper focuses on a number of GP schemes and points out the var-ious security constraints and limitations, if such schemes are to be im-plemented at the enterprise level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Voices of women who have transitioned from a shelter for survivors of domestic violence to independent living
- Authors: Moonieyan, Chrislynn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Family violence Shelters for the homeless Homeless persons
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12939 , vital:39407
- Description: Domestic violence is a devastating social ill in South Africa and especially in the Eastern Cape. There were 12059 cases of domestic violence reported at police stations in the Eastern Cape between 2015 and 2017 (Dayimani, 2017). Domestic violence is broadly defined as any act of abuse resulting in harm or suffering experienced by women enacted by an intimate partner (Goosen & Shaik, 2008). One in four women experience physical violence in their lifetime (Rasool, 2015). Women who experience domestic violence often lack social and economic resources and may have no place to go to escape the abuse. In such cases, shelters are identified as places of safety, providing accommodation and psychosocial support to women and children who have escaped domestic violence. The aim of the study was to explore and understand the experiences of women who have suffered abuse, lived in a shelter for survivors of domestic violence and have then transitioned from life at the shelter back to independent living. Independence is defined as “the freedom to organize your own life, make your own decisions” (Hornby, 2015b) and independent living is a concept of leaving the shelter to live in the community. A phenomenological research design was adopted, with the sample of the study consisting of eight women who had resided at a shelter and three staff members from shelters for domestic violence in the Eastern Cape. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was adopted to analyse the data that was collected from the participants during semi-structured interviews. The study found that the reasons women seek help at a shelter include the severity of the abuse, the gravity of the impact of the abuse upon their own wellbeing, the fact that the abuse is accompanied by substance abuse, and also because the children are exposed and experience the abuse. The study also found that in addition to resources such as government services and civil society organisations, the shelters themselves are most supportive to women as they leave the shelter and transition back to independent living. Lastly, the study highlighted that the challenges women face as they transition to independent living were the lack of support and the lack of social and economic resources. Recommendations based on the findings of the study are to advocate to stop domestic violence, to collaborate with various departments to combat domestic violence and lastly to fund shelters and ensure the shelter staff are adequately trained to work with survivors of domestic violence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Moonieyan, Chrislynn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Family violence Shelters for the homeless Homeless persons
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12939 , vital:39407
- Description: Domestic violence is a devastating social ill in South Africa and especially in the Eastern Cape. There were 12059 cases of domestic violence reported at police stations in the Eastern Cape between 2015 and 2017 (Dayimani, 2017). Domestic violence is broadly defined as any act of abuse resulting in harm or suffering experienced by women enacted by an intimate partner (Goosen & Shaik, 2008). One in four women experience physical violence in their lifetime (Rasool, 2015). Women who experience domestic violence often lack social and economic resources and may have no place to go to escape the abuse. In such cases, shelters are identified as places of safety, providing accommodation and psychosocial support to women and children who have escaped domestic violence. The aim of the study was to explore and understand the experiences of women who have suffered abuse, lived in a shelter for survivors of domestic violence and have then transitioned from life at the shelter back to independent living. Independence is defined as “the freedom to organize your own life, make your own decisions” (Hornby, 2015b) and independent living is a concept of leaving the shelter to live in the community. A phenomenological research design was adopted, with the sample of the study consisting of eight women who had resided at a shelter and three staff members from shelters for domestic violence in the Eastern Cape. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was adopted to analyse the data that was collected from the participants during semi-structured interviews. The study found that the reasons women seek help at a shelter include the severity of the abuse, the gravity of the impact of the abuse upon their own wellbeing, the fact that the abuse is accompanied by substance abuse, and also because the children are exposed and experience the abuse. The study also found that in addition to resources such as government services and civil society organisations, the shelters themselves are most supportive to women as they leave the shelter and transition back to independent living. Lastly, the study highlighted that the challenges women face as they transition to independent living were the lack of support and the lack of social and economic resources. Recommendations based on the findings of the study are to advocate to stop domestic violence, to collaborate with various departments to combat domestic violence and lastly to fund shelters and ensure the shelter staff are adequately trained to work with survivors of domestic violence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vulcanus and Fynbos portfolio orchestral ballet and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music, Arranged -- Parts , Ballets Orchestral music
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31349 , vital:31355
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extra-musical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music, Arranged -- Parts , Ballets Orchestral music
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31349 , vital:31355
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extra-musical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Vulcanus and Fynbos portfolio Orchestral ballet and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music -- Scores , Ballets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31323 , vital:31364
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extramusical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kinsey, Avril
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Orchestral music -- Scores , Ballets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DMus
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31323 , vital:31364
- Description: This DMus composition degree is a portfolio (c. 93 minutes) that focuses on creative work with an extensive text in music notation, which embodies the composer’s creative research. The portfolio comprises two large-scale tonal and extended tonal works inspired by nature and informed by a narrative aesthetic. The two scores include an orchestral ballet in two acts and four scenes, Vulcanus (c. 54 minutes), which was created from a scenario by the composer, and which includes the occasional use of guitar and soprano, and a chamber work for SSATBarB and two guitars in nine movements entitled the Fynbos Suite (c. 39 minutes), inspired by the eco-system fynbos oil paintings of Steven Felmore. Both works can be seen as contributing respectively to the discipline of mainstream orchestral works, and guitar and choral writing. The accompanying commentary on the portfolio provides a rationale for the compositions, and outlines some of the creative processes and inspirational influences behind the works. An overview of the musical forms contextualizes the works within their narrative and visual frameworks. The ballet notes discuss the rationale for choosing ballet and include cultural, musical and extramusical influences. A detailed scenario of the story with a description of the ballet’s characters and corps de ballet follows, while a table lists the dances and narrative mimetic episodes with tempos and time codes suitable for a choreographer to work from. The Fynbos Suite commentary gives some insight into fynbos within nature, and within the context of the paintings and the musical style. Included in the notes are the composer’s lyrics to four songs, and with the kind permission of the artist, the reproduction of the nine inspirational paintings. The recordings of Vulcanus and the Fynbos Suite were realised from the sound files of the Sibelius notation program. The guitar and the orchestral sounds, as well as the voice in Vulcanus are sampled from the Yamaha DGX 620 library, while the four vocal works of the Fynbos Suite were recorded with the Cape Soloists at the Fismer Hall, Stellenbosch University. The guitar in ‘Light on the Edge of Hope’ and the ‘Glory of Nature’ were performed by the composer. In conclusion to the background notes the creative journey, planned and unplanned, is reflected on, highlighting musical imagination with creative serendipity, and what the experiences of the process and outcome mean to the composer.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018