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Characteristics and key-success factors of future sought-after retirement villages in George, South Africa

  • Authors: Earle, Isak Sameul
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Retirement communities -- South Africa -- George , Retirees -- Housing -- South Africa -- George Retirement -- South Africa -- George -- Planning Retirees -- South Africa -- George -- Economic conditions
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22038 , vital:29815
  • Description: This study is about obtaining information about international and national trends and features of sought-after retirement villages by means of a literature review (secondary research) as well as by means of a survey amongst estate agents and retirees currently residing in George (primary research). The primary research objective was to develop a Retirement Village Features Model (a set of features, development guidelines, conditions and requirements) for a sought-after retirement village in George, derived from scientific knowledge, resultant from findings and conclusions from primary and secondary research conducted by the researcher. The literature review revealed that worldwide, the population continues to get older and that the number of retirees requiring retirement homes is growing and supply is not keeping pace with the ever-growing demand. It also revealed 16 characteristics of retirement villages that were used as a basis for designing the questionnaire namely the expectation and the importance of: living amongst peers for social interaction, safety and security facilities, an easy-care lifestyle, economic investment security, recreational leisure facilities, beautiful designed buildings and homes, location, privacy, effective management of the development, well nurtured gardens, paved pedestrian walkways, wheelchair friendly designs, low maintenance housing designs, offering facilities for successful ageing, green energy design houses and facilities and the importance of not selling to potential buyers under the age of 50. Although the expectation of each of the 16 characteristics of a sought-after retirement village was high for most participants, the level of importance of each characteristic varied quite a lot. This might be a good indication that participants would like to have all the characteristics present in the development but are sceptical about costs that might be incurred to the homeowner having those characteristics present in the village. The participants in the study also indicated various desired characteristics of a future sought after retirement village that forms part of the Model which conforms to literature findings. These include: emergency assistance button in houses and emergency response services, a clubhouse with catering and braai facilities, WI-FI services in all areas, a pet-friendly environment with park for domestic animals and access to Frail Care and Assisted Living facilities. Participants in the survey also indicated their preference for housing in future sought-after retirement villages namely; 52.17% preferred a two bedroom privately owned home, 33.04% preferred a three bedroom privately owned house, 7.83% preferred renting a one or two-bedroom house and 6.96% prefer a one bedroom privately owned house. 71.31% of participants who responded regarded assisted living services and frail care services and facilities as very important or of utmost importance. This paper was aimed at capturing the essence of how retirees feel about their homes and lifestyle environments. By incorporating the findings and recommendations contained in this study into their development plans for future retirement villages, development companies will have a competitive advantage over their rivals in this industry. It is recommended that future research regarding retirement villages should include other regions in South Africa to improve the model. It is also recommended that further research can be done on how expected facilities in retirement villages can become self- sufficient and subsequently alleviating the maintenance costs for homeowners and hence rendering more value to the homeowner.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Characterization of residual stress driven deformation in terms of build height for thin walled laser metal deposition (Ti6AI4V) components

  • Authors: Swan, Lindsay Jane
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Titanium alloys Pulsed laser deposition
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEng
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23537 , vital:30577
  • Description: Ti6Al4V is the most commonly used of the titanium alloys and is known for its high strength to weight ratio and superb corrosion resistance compared to conventional steels. Ti6Al4V is used in applications in the aerospace, biomedical, automotive, power generation and oil and gas fields. Laser metal deposition (LMD) is an additive manufacturing (AM) platform used to build 3-D metal shapes. LMD is one of the most researched topics within the laser processing field currently and is advancing continuously. The rapid growth in the AM field is driven by market demands to reduce manufacturing costs, shorter lead times and an increasing demand for customized products. One of the major challenges facing the production of Ti6Al4V components using LMD is the high resultant residual stresses, limiting build size due to delamination or distortion. At the commencement of this study, little data pertaining to the residual stress build up in larger LMD components was available. This research was conducted to create an understanding of the relationship between build height and surface residual stresses and how they influence the dimensional stability of a part. Additionally, the relationship between build height and static mechanical properties was analysed. The effects of laser power, scanning speed and powder mass flow rate on the deposition layer were evaluated. The number of defects and the deposition build height were evaluated to determine the optimum process parameters for multi-layer components. An increase in laser power resulted in an increase in build height for the parameter window selected for the study. Similarly, an increase in build height was observed with an increase in powder mass flow rate, while an increase in scanning speed resulted in a decrease in build height. As laser power and scanning speed had inverse effects on the build height, heat input was evaluated to determine the optimum combination of the 2 parameters. Multilayer samples were produced with a laser power setting of 1900 W, a scanning speed of 0.01 m/s and a powder mass flow rate of 8 g/min. Fully dense components were produced with no notable defects. These components were analysed to reveal the relationship between build height and surface residual stresses and showed that the minimum residual stress observed in a component was related to an actual height from the base and was not affected by the build height of the sample. Maximum residual stresses were observed closest to the base of the cylinder and the stresses were larger in larger samples for both hoop and longitudinal surface residual stress. The micro-hardness of the samples increased as build height increased. The tensile strength remained within constant range between 1080 MPa and 1050 MPa for all samples successfully tested. Brittle failures were observed on the upper sections of the larger samples, attributed to the high micro-hardness observed in these areas. The study successfully evaluated the relationship between build height and surface residual stresses as well as build height and static mechanical properties thereby increasing the knowledge within this field.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Chasing shadow and make believe

  • Authors: Mofokeng, Reikanne
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) -- South Africa , South African fiction (English) -- 21st century , Science fiction, South African (English) -- 21st century
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63626 , vital:28449
  • Description: My thesis is a science fiction novella. It follows the story of an adolescent boy, Shadow, and a little girl, Makebelieve, in an ahistorical future. The world that they traverse is earth, after being nursed back to health, by technologically advanced Southern African societies. A series of inexplicable astronomical events leads to their being hunted down. Through the travels of Shadow and Makebelieve I show how the world and the societies around them operate. I am inspired by Samuel R Delaney’s Aye, Gomorrah and Derrick Bell’s The Space Traders, because of their prowess in world building and exploration of complex and innovative ideas.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Chemical weathering on selected nunataks in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica

  • Authors: Knox, Jenna Tracy
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Glacial climates -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Glaciology -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Chemical weathering -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Atmospheric carbon dioxide -- Environmental aspects , Climatic changes -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Nunataks -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61658 , vital:28046
  • Description: High latitude areas are sensitive to the impacts of climate change, and it is expected that the impact of greenhouse warming will be much higher in the polar regions than in any other climatic zones, with the most highly affected area being that of the Antarctic rim (Barsch, 1993). Weathering and pedogenic processes respond to variations in climate, with models predicting that chemical weathering may increase synchronously with global carbon dioxide levels increase, due to dissolution rates and the erosional impact of hydrological cycles in warming climates (Anderson & Anderson, 2010). As liquid water becomes more available in Antarctica the potential for chemical weathering, due to a less moisture-limited environment and increased temperatures, increases (Convey et al., 2009). Weathering processes are important for soil formation and the production of fine-grained material, with chemical weathering being an active constituent of this. Increased rates of soil formation are likely to occur, with global climate changes resulting in greater chemical weathering occurring in Antarctica. Opportunistic sampling was conducted during the Austral summer of 2016/2017, whereby rock, snow and meltwater samples were taken at various sites within the western portion of Dronning Maud Land of Antarctica. Rock samples were placed in resin, and cut with a diamond saw to create thin sections. Optical microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were used to analyse mineral weight percentage with depth. Twelve soil samples were dried and weighed, sieved and statistically represented according to particle size. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) determined the geochemical analysis for 10 water and snow samples. Rock hardness was inferred through the use of an Equotip, with rebound values recorded for multiple rock faces and samples. Thermal regimes of rock temperature was further recorded using a FLIR infrared camera, and documented for each rock face over a 24 hour period at 2 hourly intervals. The products of increased chemical weathering were evident from particle size analysis; samples were very poorly sorted in nature, and undergo in situ weathering, whereby products were not removed by erosional processes. Weathering rinds were found to be siliceous and ferric, depending on parent lithology. Ferric ratios increased in wt.% from the substrate rock to the external surface, creating the red, iron rich crusts noted on the hand specimens. The observable chemical weathering was found adjacent to intrusions through Precambrian dolerites. Geochemical analysis revealed thin, carbonaceous features, with impurity-rich layers, characteristic of speleothem formation. Carbonaceous layers did not follow underlying substrate features, rather deposited at the external surface, upon which, further precipitation growth could occur, creating karst features. Extensive gypsum coatings (>2mm) under BSE imagery were identified, with the abundance of gypsum salts (below surface level) and rock coatings indicating active sulphuric acid weathering, in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Were mechanical processes faster than chemical, weathering rinds and solution features on silicate rocks would be uncommon in the Antarctic, periglacial landscape. However, this is not the case as the existence of these landforms implies that chemical weathering may occur faster than mechanical weathering processes (Pope et al., 1995). In a changing world, one needs to monitor these processes at a micro-scale in order to fully understand how periglacial environments react to global climatic changes, and the subsequent impacts on these sensitive environments.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Children in conflict with the law - constructions of their family environment

  • Authors: Mtshutshwane, Anda Sweetgirl , Terblanche, Susan
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Juvenile delinquency -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Child development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Problem children -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Crime and age -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32960 , vital:32480
  • Description: The studies reviewed for this project indicate that there is an interplay of family and social factors that affect the development of the child. Furthermore, some studies postulate that there is a relationship between children’s engagement in criminal behaviour and their family environment. The present study aimed to explore, describe and interpret how children who have been in conflict with the law construct their family environment. A qualitative research approach that was embedded in an explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was employed in order to achieve the objectives of the study. The research population was constituted of children from a Child and Youth Care Centre. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed to select children aged 14 to 17 years who have been in conflict with the law. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the selected children and this data was analyzed using Tesch’s thematic analysis. Ethical considerations that were applicable for the involvement of children and vulnerable groups in research were adhered to. The trustworthiness of the research process, and the findings of the study, were enhanced by employing a variety of data verification strategies. Data was verified using: member checking, peer debriefing, clarifying bias by the researcher, and dense description of the application of the selected methods used in research suggested by Creswell. The major findings of this study include: positive and negative experiences of children prior to involvement to crime in their internal family environment. The external family environment was dominated by gangsterism and crime in the community, police corruption and their interaction with drugs. Furthermore, the study findings revealed positive and negative school experiences and posited several reasons why children break the law. It is hoped that the research will contribute to the knowledge base of Social Work and Practice interventions in the field of child protection services in general and, more specifically, on the criminal justice system.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Citizen science, treatment and microbial compliance monitoring in rainwater harvesting in Namibia

  • Authors: Angala, Hallo Angaleni Nameya
  • Date: 2018
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62082 , vital:28105
  • Description: Expected release date-April 2020
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Classification of Distinct Fuzzy Subgroups of the Dihedral Group Dp nq for p and q distinct primes and n ∈ N

  • Authors: Nxala, Baphumelele Ellen
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Fuzzy mathematics Fuzzy sets
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14516 , vital:39997
  • Description: In this dissertation, we classify distinct fuzzy subgroups of the dihedral group Dpnq, for p and q distinct primes and n ∈ N, under a natural equivalence relation of fuzzy subgroups and a fuzzy isomorphism. We aim to present formulae for the number of maximal chains and the number of distinct fuzzy subgroups of this group. Our study will include some theory on non-abelian groups since the classification of distinct fuzzy subgroups of this group relies on the crisp characterization of maximal chains. We give the definition of a natural equivalence relation introduced by Murali and Makamba in [67] which we will use in this study. Based on this definition, we introduce two counting techniques that we will use to compute the number of distinct fuzzy subgroups of Dpnq. In this dissertation, we use the criss-cut counting technique as our primary method of enumeration, and the cross-cut method serves as a means of verifying results we obtain from our primary method. To classify distinct fuzzy subgroups of this group, we begin by investigating the dihedral groups Dpnq, for p and q distinct primes and specific values of n = 2 and 3 to observe a trend. We classify the flags of these groups using the characterization of flags introduced in [93]. From this characterization, we then present formulae for the number of distinct fuzzy subgroups attributed to the flags of Dp 2q and Dp 3q . To generalise results for Dpnq, for p and q distinct primes and n ∈ N, we characterize the flags of this group and classify them as either cyclic, mdcyclic for 1 ≤ m ≤ n, or b-cyclic. Finally, we establish a general formula for the number of distinct fuzzy subgroups obtainable from these flags. We conclude by comparing results obtained from using our general formula to those obtained by other researchers for the same group. Based on the results from this study, we give an outline of future research work
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Coega industrial development zone as a catalyst for development in NMBM

  • Authors: Younouss, Sanda Oumarou
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Industrial development projects -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Industrial development projects -- South Africa Economic development -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36162 , vital:33901
  • Description: It is common for countries to adopt growth-targeted strategies to address poverty and as a result, achieve development. South Africa is not an exception and that is the reason for implementing the industrial development zone (IDZ) programme, intended to achieve growth through exports. As part of this programme, the country established five IDZs, each of which operates in specific investment sectors. The economy of the Eastern Cape is experiencing difficulties in terms of unemployment, low wages and a declining population and the migration out of the Eastern Cape is due to limited job opportunities and low wages. The four largest economic sectors in the province are manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining. The Coega IDZ (CIDZ) is located in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and operates in six investment sectors, namely automotive, agro-processing and aqua farming, chemical manufacturing, business process outsourcing, energy and metals. This research investigated the contribution of the CIDZ as a tool for development in the Eastern Cape and South Africa. It further investigates its contribution to the development of the Eastern Cape in the event of its expansion across three additional investment sectors, namely electronics, clothing and furniture. With the aim of conducting a proper assessment of their contribution, the strengths and weaknesses of these three investment sectors were elucidated. Additionally, the research described the operation of four special economic zones (SEZs), namely the Zarqa Free Zone, the Jebel Ali Free Zone, the East London Industrial Development Zone (ELIDZ) and the Coega Industrial Development Zone (CIDZ). The research methodology used was that of a descriptive study (literature-based). The research revealed that there is a need to add these three investment sectors to the CIDZ in order to develop the Eastern Cape, as they have the potential to meet the challenges that the province is facing. The research led to a number of recommendations inspired by the SEZs presented in the descriptive study, to improve the contribution of the CIDZ to the development of the Eastern Cape.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Community education and training colleges as agents of community development in Olievenhoutbosch, Tshwane Municipality

  • Authors: Mfenyane, Nozuko Primrose
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Community education -- South Africa , Community development -- South Africa Vocational education -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32762 , vital:32355
  • Description: The study investigated how the current Community Education and Training (CET) colleges model, as conceptualized by the Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET), hence the ability of Community Education and Training Colleges to contribute to community development in Olievenbosch community. The findings support the DHET's conceptual model of CET colleges, as a new form of institution that will meet the needs of citizens that may not be able to make it to universities and TVET colleges in South Africa.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Community participation in urban revitalization in Buffalo City

  • Authors: Magwala, Tandiswa
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Urban renewal -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Municipality , Community development -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Municipality Neighborhoods -- South Africa -- Buffalo City Municipality Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31521 , vital:31501
  • Description: Community participation relates to the process by which community members are involved in the projects that determine pertains to their development needs. It is a means of empowering people by developing their skills and abilities to enable them to negotiate and make appropriate decisions for their development. However, community participation faces many challenges in South Africa and some other countries. For instance, in most, if not all, development projects commenced by local municipalities, community participation is often neglected or becomes an afterthought. In most cases, the communities are consulted after decisions have already been made by government agencies in relation to the kind of development projects that need to be executed. As a result, community participation is a prerequisite in development projects which are meant to improve the livelihoods and standard of living of the majority of communities in South Africa. The Buffalo City Municipality Metro (BCMM) is not an exception to this. The BCMM is located in the Eastern Cape Province, which is one of the poorest provinces in South Africa. In one of the towns in the municipal area, namely Dimbaza in the former Ciskei ‘homeland’, where there are high levels of unemployment and poverty, a prominent feature in the landscape is the many abandoned factory buildings. In recent years, the BCMM has recognized the need to revitalize the nodal areas such as Mdantsane, Dimbaza and Bisho, but due to the fragmented patterns of Bantustan policies the program was negatively affected (BCMM 2014/15/141). As a consequence, the BCMM has supported the implement an urban revitalization project within its area. The aim of this study was to investigate and interrogate whether local communities are involved in urban revitalization in the BCMM. That is, to evaluate community participation in urban revitalization projects in the BCMM, and focusing on Dimbaza community in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa as a case study. The study asks the following questions: Do the BCMM’s urban redevelopment initiatives have community participation component? How can the community be more involved in neighbourhood revitalization? v To what extent do these perceptions and priorities of the people living in neighbourhood of the disused factories match those of the policy makers? What are the perceptions of the people living in the neighbourhood of the disused factories in Dimbaza with regard to redevelopment? What recommendations can emanate from the study to address the current challenges regarding community participation in urban revitalization in BCMM? The study revealed that the majority of the respondents did not participate in the initiation and planning stages of the urban revitalization projects. The study further showed that a considerable proportion of the surveyed Dimbaza residents did not know about the urban revitalization programme, but learnt about it only in the local newspaper. It is therefore recommended that, the BCMM should support the community at all levels of planning to ensure a strong commitment to participation in their urban revitalization or development projects. It is hoped that this study will sensitize the community members of Dimbaza and the roles players involved in the Dimbaza urban revitalization projects including, among others, the Buffalo City Municipality Metropolitan, the Eastern Cape Development Cooperation and the Department of Economic Development, Environmental Affairs and Tourism of the Eastern Cape, to realise the significance and advantages of community participation, and that they will work through the challenges therein in order to increase community participation in development projects.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Comparison of contraceptive discontinuation in users of a copper intrauterine device against depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable

  • Authors: Dekile-Yonto, Nolusindiso
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Contraceptives Birth control Women's health services
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , Magister of Curationis
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15520 , vital:40422
  • Description: The dynamics of continued contraceptive use, switches to alternatives, or the outright failure of contraception is strong indicators of the effectiveness of health care programmes for women or couples (Ali, Cleland & Shah, 2012:6). Furthermore, unplanned pregnancies often lead to undesirable health, economic, social, and psychological consequences for women (Sedgh, Singh & Hussain., 2014). There is a need to better understand the reasons for discontinuation of contraception to enable health care workers to address the gaps in the provision of family planning services. For this reason, the researcher embarked on a follow-up study of a randomised, controlled trial, which compared the effects on depression and sexual functioning of women after childbirth of a Copper Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (Cu-IUD) with Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA), (Singata-Madliki, 2014:5). The objectives of the follow-up study was to do a once-off follow-up of the original participants, three years after randomisation.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Computational analysis and cavity optimisation to achieve directional solidification in a cast aluminium alloy [Al7SiMg] component

  • Authors: Nohanyaza, Melikhaya
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Metal castings , Automobiles -- Materials , Alloys , Light metal alloys
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEng
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22913 , vital:30141
  • Description: The study at hand focussed on A356.0 industrial and high production die casting alloy. Since the birth of metal casting, numerous researchers have addressed the multiple phenomena that influence the casting quality and mechanical properties of castable alloys. This study harnessed research findings on A356.0 alloy and the aluminium family as a whole, to improve the casting soundness of the component already in the production process. The local foundry showed interest in understanding solidification and quality of A356.0 alloy fluxed with NaCl+KCl melt cleaning flux plus 4 of TiB2 5:1 master alloy grain refining rods and A356.0 alloy processed with KCl+Ti (presumably KCl+TiB2) grain refining flux plus 4 of TiB2 5:1 master alloy rods. Numerical analysis was used to define the progressive nature and directional solidification of the alloy using MAGMA5. MAGMA5.3 virtual optimisation capabilities were used for development of future component casting methods and procedures to solve macro- and microporosity evident on the casting. To find a direct link between the virtual and foundry environment, a preliminary study was conducted on a simple foundry stage of cone billet casting for both alloys with and without mould/casting interface coating. The findings indicated that A356.0 maintained its shrinkage volume percentage at mould temperatures above 300 °C, but progressively increased at temperatures below. Furthermore, thermal insulation coat (also used on Right Hand Side [RHS] mould of the foundry component) influenced the shrinkage distribution on the casting while localised at the centre on non-coated mould/casting interfaces for both KCl+Ti and NaCl+KCl melt fluxed A356.0 at similar percentage shrinkage for mould temperatures greater or equal to 300 °C. Near thin foundry castings for both flux treatments indicated similar mechanical properties at similar casting stages. The mechanical properties of both conditions seemed to degrade as a function of die casting period. Secondary dendrite arm spacing microstructure parameter for NaCl+KCl and KCl+Ti fluxed alloy averaged 40 μm and 35 μm respectively across all test zones. However, individual SDAS definitions per test zone indicated possible micro segregation on NaCl+KCl fluxed alloy and instantaneous solidification as a result of constitutional supercooling on alloys fluxed with KCl+Ti alloy. The growth rate solidification parameter was symmetrical about the centre of the component, where the centre of the component experienced an exponential drop from the top (away from the filling gate) to the bottom (near the filling gate) of the component. A virtual approach to tooling geometrical design indicated a weak influence on both micro- and macroporosity. However, the introduction of low thermal capacity, high heat transfer at Left Hand Side [LHS] tooling and a new cooling system arrangement indicated a higher influence in achieving sound casting. Knowledge gained in this study will improve local foundry competitiveness and introduce cost effective virtual approach foundry developments. The study will also introduce new methods for industrial research and position Nelson Mandela University as a leader in this field.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Conflict analysis with a focus on community polarisation: a case study of a wind energy project in Switzerland

  • Authors: Bachmann, Melanie
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Conflict management
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42428 , vital:36654
  • Description: Switzerland, like many other countries, wants to expand the production and usage of renewable energies, including wind energy. However, wind energy causes much conflict due to the emissions and possible impacts on the people, nature and landscape. In the canton of Glarus a wind energy project called LinthWind is currently projected. This has resulted in a public dispute involving several parties and members of the community. In opposition to the project, the association LinthGegenWind was formed with the aim of keeping the area free from wind turbines. The project developer, as well as LinthGegenWind, are organising information events and provide information through other platforms. The aim of this research is to provide the community with a thorough understanding of the conflict, including its dynamics and possible destructive processes. Through the conduction of conflict analysis, it investigates the conflict evolving around the project LinthWind. With the help of an online questionnaire, the opinions of the participants regarding the project and also the factors influencing the opinion-formation were enquired. This allowed for an examination of the polarization of the community and the factors contributing to it. The conflict analysis presents detailed information regarding the conflict history and background, the parties involved, issues under contention, sources and causes of the conflict, driving factors and the dynamics. Many factors indicate that the dispute is in an escalating phase. It was further shown that the affected community is clearly polarised regarding the project LinthWind. The polarisation is most likely enhanced by certain measures applied by the parties and the voting process. Independently gathered information by the people themselves seem to be the strongest influencing factors for the opinion formation. The success of the tactics applied by the project developer and the association opposing the project vary regarding their influence on the opinion formation. Missing communication between the parties and a polarised community exacerbates effective conflict management. In the case of LinthWind, a forum is therefore suggested where communication and information – the basics for constructive conflict management – are enabled.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Conflict narratives of young males in the Blue Crane Route Municipality who experienced domestic violence during childhood

  • Authors: Martin, Jonathan Malvin
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Family violence , Abusive men -- Psychology , Abusive men -- Rehabilitation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/31863 , vital:31855
  • Description: Domestic Violence is a growing concern globally and currently one of the most dominant negative social forces in South Africa. Many children are experiencing or witnessing Domestic Violence in their households or community, with potentially devastating consequences (Dawes, Long, Alexander & Ward, 2007; Burton, 2007). This study investigates the personal conflict narratives of eleven young adult males who experienced Domestic Violence as children. The young men completed a self-administered questionnaire which included a request for a personal conflict narrative or story. The study then engaged these young men in a two-day workshop of an international conflict management programme, known as the Alternatives to Violence Project (AVP), which teaches attitudes and strategies to manage conflict (such as self-awareness, empathy and community-building). After the workshop, the participants were asked to re-write their conflict narratives and any changes in their attitudes and strategies to conflict were discussed in group interviews. The study was qualitative; that is, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. Non-probability purposive sampling was employed to identify suitable young adult males between 18-35 years of age from the Blue Crane Route Municipality (Somerset East and Pearston), who experienced Domestic Violence during their childhood. Workers at Victim Support Centres in the Blue Crane Route Municipality assisted with the recruitment of potential participants and requested permission to provide the researcher with their personal information. In analysing the data obtained, the study used a narrative analysis approach to the participants’ pre- and post-AVP workshop conflict narratives. The trustworthiness of the research process and findings was enhanced by employing a variety of data verification strategies.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Constitutional and human-rights aspects of marine spatial planning

  • Authors: Chasakara, Rachael Sharon
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Human rights , Marine resources development -- Law and legislation Law of the sea
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23470 , vital:30566
  • Description: The importance of oceans cannot be overstated as they are vital for the environmental and economic well-being of South Africa. The state of South Africa’s ocean is on the decline due to increased human activities within its waters, which have caused devastation among marine resources that are limited in space, time and amount. These activities have caused elevated competition among ocean users resulting in undesirable effects such as loss of biodiversity. The challenge is not that these human activities are unregulated or unplanned, rather that there are planned and regulated on a sectoral basis by different sectors each with its own specific approach to the allocation and use of the ocean space. There is, therefore, a need for a holistic approach to ocean governance that views the ocean as a whole and not merely on a sectoral basis. The relatively new notion of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) which establishes its authority in MSP instruments,1 has emerged as a comprehensive way to achieve this. This dissertation grapples with the questions surrounding whether the MSP instruments are consistent with the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution). The dissertation departs by providing a background into the spatial jurisdiction of coastal states in the ocean space to clarify how far at sea South Africa can exercise its authority. This study concluded that even though the area of application claimed by the MSP Bill is consistent with the internationally prescribed territory of coastal states at sea, the MSP Bill should expressly state the different sovereign rights vested in coastal states by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982 (‘the LOSC’) subject to the rights of other states in these waters. From here, the dissertation ventures into an analysis of which organs of state will be responsible for the development and implementation of MSP since it is an exercise of public power by the state. This part of the discussion involves inter alia an in-depth analysis of the separation of powers doctrine as far as planning matters are concerned. An essential premise is that MSP regulation requires all spheres of government to cooperate with each other. It is proposed that the MSP Bill should 1 The MSP Bill, GN 347 in GG 39847 of 2016-03-24 and the National MSP Framework for South Africa, GN 936 in GG 40219 of 2016-08-19. provide how these spheres of government should work together for the successful implementation of MSP. This dissertation then proceeds to discuss the right to equality, the environmental right, and the right to freedom of trade, occupation and profession which could potentially be impacted by the implementation of MSP. It is submitted that in the implementation of MSP, the goal must be to achieve an appropriate balance amongst these competing rights. Finally, considering the above analysis and discussions this dissertation moves to propose recommendations on how the MSP instruments can be amended to give effect to the requirements of these rights. Generally, the findings of this research reflect the consistency of the MSP instruments with the Constitution. However, for MSP to be implemented constitutionally, the proposed recommendations must be adhered to.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Constructing an EMF radiation Hygeia framework and model to demonstrate a public interest override

  • Authors: Lech, James Chrystopher
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Electromagnetic fields , Electromagnetic fields -- Health aspects , Electromagnetic fields -- Measurement , Public interest , Radiation -- Measurement , HYGEIA , Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA)
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/58695 , vital:27364
  • Description: Scientific views on EMF radiation dosimetry and models increasingly suggest that even a tiny increase in the incidence of diseases resulting from exposure to EMF radiation could have broad¹ implications for public health, social accounting and the economy. In South Africa (SA) there is no national EMF radiation exposure protection standard, statutory monitoring or regulations. Multinational High Court deliberations indicate the need for public interest EMF radiation exposure protection standards in South Africa. Domestic citizens, academics, as well as regulatory and legislative practitioners, are unable to effectively monitor and investigate EMF radiation exposure emissions from infrastructure sources, because industries refuse to provide the required data. Industries have, since 2003, continually obstructed access to the data and the establishment of a national EMF radiation standard, citing that it would be in conflict with their strategic economic interests. The demonstration of a public interest override (PIO) function is legislatively required to gain access to the required data. This study constructed (1) a framework and (2) a model to perform test simulations against the (3) PIO criteria to demonstrate a PIO function and tested one PIO simulation scenario. Testing the PIO scenario firstly required the construction of a public interest framework, drawing input from multiple disciplines. The framework literature review used systematic case law and scientific-technical analysis whilst the framework science sought to understand the connections, feedbacks, and trajectories that occur as a result of natural and human system processes and exchanges. The EMF radiation exposure system functions to support human wellbeing needs and to explore the benefits and losses associated with alternative futures with the goal to uncover the current and future limits thereof. In the second instance a HYGEIA² model was selected as a base investigation and forecast simulation tool. The study had to uncover the key attributes and parameters necessary to construct and to run successful EMF radiation exposure simulations. Thereafter the HYGEIA model was modified to specifically identify and evaluate EMF radiation exposure hazard conditions. Through subsequent simulation runs, the constructed framework was then tested. Requested anthroposphere information was synthesized within a systems model to forecast ecosystem services and human-use dynamics under alternative scenarios. The simulation used the model, the model references and the framework for guidelines, thus allowing multiple simulation / demonstration runs for different contexts or scenarios. The third step was the construction of a PIO checklist which guides criteria testing and provides a means of gaining pertinent information for further studies, based on this dissertation. Framework EMF radiation policy inputs into the model were intersected with identified vulnerable area facilities which were selected based on international criteria. The research output revealed potential EMF radiation violations which served as system feedback inputs in support of a demonstrated PIO function. The research recommends that the identified EMF radiation exposure violations of public health undergo a Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) judicial review process to confirm the research findings. The judicial qualification of a PAIA PIO function of ‘substances released into the environment’ and ‘public safety or environmental risk’ would enable access to EMF radiation emissions data essential to future studies.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Construction company joint ventures in South Africa

  • Authors: Sisilana, Owethu
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Construction industry -- South Africa , Joint ventures Strategic alliances (Business) Project management
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/35554 , vital:33756
  • Description: In the construction industry, construction joint ventures (CJVs) have become one of the major organisational forms utilised in large-scale projects. However, because of the complexity of CJVs, the management of CJVs is much more difficult than that of usual projects undertaken by a single construction firm. In South Africa the existence of a clear and effective strategy for the successful transformation of organisational culture in a CJV is not clear. Similarly, poorly organised administrative structures in a CJV can also be a barrier to organisational performance. In South Africa there seems to be no evidence of a common understanding on the CJV formation process. According to CIDB (2004) there is no standard CJV agreement document. Therefore, a need arises to establish guidelines on the formation of a CJV agreement. Secondly, there is a need to establish strategies for the successful transformation of organisational culture in CJV. The research obtains an inside view with contractors who have participated in CJV’s, therefore, utilising the qualitative research method. The choice of data collection method was semi-structured one-on-one face to face interviews. In deriving the findings of the research, the ATLAS.ti software was used throughout the research process to manage both the secondary and primary data. The main factors which cause major problems in CJV's is the preliminary agreement, the partner selection and cultural differences. There is no evidence of a collective understanding among CJV partners regarding the successful formation processes of a CJV. The concept that the industry needs a standardised CJV agreement has been welcomed by the participants, the existence of a common CJV agreement would certainly resolve many problems in the way things are done currently including the implementation of joint venture projects. There is consensus between all participants that there is no standard CJV agreement in use in the South African construction industry and exploring a common approach is an idea that is viewed reasonable and to be one of the practical solutions to the problems in the industry. There are several limitations in this study. First, the sample included emerging and established contractors who are currently registered with the CIDB under Contractor Development Program only. While the sample size is relatively small, the researcher was cautious when interpreting the results. Secondly the targeted population for this research was selected using a sample of convenience method as opposed to a random sample, then the results of the study cannot be generally applied to a larger population. Thirdly, an obvious weakness of the research is the methodological difficulties related to qualitative research which relies on the inferences that are made by the researcher based on their own understanding of the data collected. It is therefore crucial that the data gathered is credible and that the findings represent the truth and actual sentiments as they appear from the data collection process. The research is of importance to managers and supervisors of construction companies of all sizes. The findings of this study will assist in ensuring that CJV are efficiently managed irrespective of the cultural differences.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Construction management’s perceptions of health and safety

  • Authors: Sigama, Takalani
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Construction industry -- Management , Building -- Safety measures Construction industry -- Health aspects Construction industry -- Safety regulations
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/35713 , vital:33784
  • Description: Projects in the construction sector are reputed for poor health and safety (H&S) performance, compared to other industries. This can be attributed to, inter alia, a relatively uncontrolled working environment, inherent operational risks, workers' behaviour in relation to H&S commitment, cultural and religious beliefs, and uncertainties inherent in projects. Hazards and risk arising from poor H&S practices result in injuries, and in some cases, fatalities. The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of construction management regarding H&S on construction sites. This study investigates the relationship between behaviours, attitudes, perceptions, and behaviours towards H&S, and compares cultural divergences among levels of construction personnel, namely construction management, construction supervision, construction H&S personnel, and H&S representatives. The construction industry has for many years developed and maintained a very bad reputation for coping with project cost, H&S, quality, and schedule. The industry often delivers projects late, and contributes to a disproportionate rate of work-related injuries, and fatalities. Project H&S management is acknowledged as one of the techniques that could be improved on construction projects to enhance performance of construction contractors in South Africa. To answer the research question: ‘Why construction management perceive H&S as a hindrance to production?” the mixed-method research approach was used. An indepth literature review with respect to project H&S was carried out, followed by qualitative and quantitative empirical research. The study established the need for H&S training and awareness of Construction Managers, Construction Supervisors, Construction Health and Safety Managers (CHSMs), Officers (CHSOs), and H&S Representatives. The study recommends that an H&S training needs analysis is critical for all employees, since it raises H&S awareness among all stakeholders in the construction industry, and enables the development of training plans, thereby supporting the reduction of accidents and related incident.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Contesting Boko Haram: A postcolonial critique of media representation of the ethnoreligious, socio-economic and political conflict in Nigeria

  • Authors: Mjekula, Somila
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Mass media -- Nigeria , Television broadcasting -- Social aspects -- Nigeria Nigeria -- In mass media
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22780 , vital:30085
  • Description: Representative and narrative discourses from international media and academia present an essentialist and misleading idea of African issues, and this misrepresentation has leaked, by association, into a flawed portrayal of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. That is, just as reductionism, ahistorical attributions, and contradictions tend to occur in writing on African conflicts, this has become the tendency with insufficient attempts to define the identity and explain the actions of Boko Haram. Using a postcolonial critique, this dissertation reveals how news media and scholarly reports often undermine and negate the historical, ethno-religious and ideological nuances of Boko Haram’s identity, as well as the socio-economic and political issues that motivate the actions of the sect. Additionally, the examination of Boko Haram’s origins, influences and ever-evolving identity confronts the contradictions and flaws within the group’s own representation, through its ideology and pragmatism. This multi-fold analysis is done through an initial exploration of Nigeria’s history under British colonial rule and the lasting legacy thereafter, which has been responsible for the contemporary violent conflicts that journalist and scholars tend to reduced to Islamic fundamentalism and terrorism. This is followed by a critical acknowledgement of the complicity of Nigeria’s political leadership in the socio-economic injustices prevalent between the two predominant religious populations of Nigeria’s rich and educated Christian South, and the poor and disadvantaged Muslim North. Critical Discourse Analysis is used as a method to analyse the representation of Boko Haram from three academic journal reports by African scholars and three international print media news reports. This study seeks to contribute to reports/writings on postcolonial interpretations of violence and conflict in African media studies, and to account for the historical and contemporary complexities within African countries and their inhabitants who are often negated by influential libertarian media and trusted analytical-scholarly articles.
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  • Date Issued: 2018

Contribution of the wool clip project to beneficiaries in King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality

  • Authors: Madiba, Nangamso Vuyo Hillary
  • Date: 2018
  • Subjects: Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Wool industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Sheep industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30800 , vital:31136
  • Description: The focus of the study was on the contribution of the Wool Clip Project to beneficiaries in King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality (KSD LM). KSD LM is predominantly rural and constitutes an integral part of OR Tambo District Municipality which is part of the Eastern Cape Province. The poverty head count in KSD LM was at 14,7% in 2016. The Eastern Cape had the highest percentage of households owning sheep in the country. Approximately 775, 300 sheep were in KSD LM in 2012. This study was located within the local economic development framework. A gap was identified in the yields in terms of national sales of wool which are not commensurate with the portion accounted for in the national flock. The National, Provincial and Local spheres of government intervened resulting in the introduction of the Wool Clip Project as a vehicle to mitigate the challenges encountered with regard to wool production. Through the intervention, it was expected that there should be an improvement in the national sales of wool. The aim of the research was to determine whether the Wool Clip Project has made a contribution to the beneficiaries. This was done through the following objectives: - Determination of whether the project has made a contribution to its intended beneficiaries in terms of its objectives, which are outlined in the Business Plan for the Wool Clip Project (2014). - Determination of whether there has been adequate public participation as dictated by Chapter 4, sections 17 to 22 of the Municipal Systems Act No. 32 of 2000. - Investigation of whether the project has made a meaningful contribution to the relevant communities through the creation of sustainable employment opportunities. v A literature review was done using relevant sources of information and knowledge such as books, journals, policies, research outputs. The aim was to provide a well thought out theoretical framework. The research methodology applied to this study was qualitative, taking into account the nature of the study. Data was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with ten respondents, who were selected through purposive sampling. The data was then analysed and interpreted using themes and sub-themes. Based on the findings, it was concluding that the project has had a positive effect on the lives of the beneficiaries, even though there is room for improvement. Secondly, it has been established that public participation took place during the introduction of the project as legislated. Thirdly, the project has not contributed to sustainable job creation but there are, however, some benefits that the community has gained from it. Recommendations were made towards improved implementation of the project.
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  • Date Issued: 2018
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