Customer loyalty programmes in the South African grocery and retail sector
- Authors: Harmse, Nyree
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Customer loyalty programs -- South Africa , Customer clubs -- South Africa Grocery trade -- South Africa Food industry and trade -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39599 , vital:35331
- Description: While there has been substantial research on loyalty programmes, few studies specifically focus on the attitudinal and behavioural components of a loyalty programmes within grocery and retail sector programmes in South Africa. This study is part of a broader study of South African loyalty programmes, but specifically examines the attitudinal and behavioural influences on loyalty programmes in the South African grocery and retail sector. A comprehensive literature review was conducted and factors influencing loyalty programmes were identified. The literature reviewed informed the conceptual model that proposed purchasing behaviour, trust, communication, personalisation, flexibility, rewards and method of participation influenced the success of grocery and retail sector loyalty programmes with attitude and behaviour serving as intermediate variables. The academic literature selected for the study is grounded in the academic theories of social exchange and planned behaviour. The methodology followed was through self-administered questionnaires developed from academic literature. Data were collected from 1090 respondents across South Africa, of which 643 respondents were members of grocery and retail sector loyalty programmes. The data analysis conducted through various descriptive and inferential statistical tests and exploratory factors analysis identified that factors of purchasing behaviour, trust, communication, personalisation, flexibility, rewards and general assessment were factors influencing loyalty programmes. Loyalty programme studies in South Africa are generally conducted on specific loyalty programmes, which are owned by the programme owners and therefore unpublished. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by using academic theory to establish the attitudinal and behavioural factors that affect loyalty programmes within the South African grocery and retail sector. The study concludes with managerial recommendations that grocery and retail sector managers can implement to influence the success of loyalty programmes. Some of the recommendations include the use of communication as a lever to influence other factors and the overall effectiveness of the programme. Other recommendations include data management and rewards that create flexible and personalised experiences.
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- Date Issued: 2019
Risks associated with infrastructure project finance in developing countries: the case of Zambia
- Authors: Mweemba, Bruno N
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Infrastructure (Economics) -- Finance , Infrastructure (Economics) -- Risk management -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6389 , vital:21081
- Description: Since the enactment of the Public Private Partnership (PPP) Act of 2009, there has not been a single successful PPP transaction entered into between the Government of Zambia and any private sector entity under the PPP Act of 2009 (Zambia Development Agency, 2014: 7). According to the Zambia Development Agency (2014:7), 75% of the PPPs that were entered into by the government of Zambia prior to the promulgation of the PPP Act of 2009 were canceled. These include: the Kasumbalesa Border Post, Mpulungu Harbour and Railways Systems of Zambia with an exception of the 65 year concession of the Luburma Market (popularly known as Kamwala Market). These cancellations of PPP concessions coupled with revelations in the Zambian Parliament that concession documentation for the Luburma market which is the only surviving PPP had since gone missing, this led to the research problem statement with an assertion that risks associated with infrastructure project finance are endemic in Zambia. In seeking to explore the validity of this assertion, three research objectives guided the study, namely: assessing Zambia’s general infrastructure project finance and PPP framework in comparison to theoretical normative criteria and selected country experiences; identifying and rating risks through a questionnaire; and proposing an ideal project finance risk management model which can be used as a reference by sponsors in Zambia as they design and structure infrastructure project finance deals. On a scale of 1-5 which was guided by the overal risk score outlined in the study, the average mean score ranking for all the 40 risks under investigation was found to be 3.25 .This indicates that the sentiments among respondents is that risks associated with infrastructure project finance in Zambia are average and not endemic as was affirmed in the problem statement. Despite this ‘comforting’ statistical result, the little progress in terms of earmarked infrastructure PPP deals coupled with deal cancellations as outlined above may be an indication that even the average risks appear to impede on the development of project finance and PPPs in Zambia. There is therefore an urgent need for Government and other relevant stakeholders to begin paying attention to some of the risks discussed in this study especially those with a mean score ranking in excess of 3.50 (high risk). The study in chapter 9 provides recommendations which are grouped under four key headings: addressing the environment for PPPs; providing capacity to procuring entities; paying attention to critical success factors for project development; as well as exploring a variety of possible credit enhancement mechanisms such as guarantees as a way of wooing project investors and improving the bankability of planned infrastructure deals. The Government of Zambia is further advised to avoid using ‘political feasibility “as the core investment criteria in the infrastructure agenda for the country. The study encourages that conventional benchmarks which are a mix of technical soundness, economic viability, environmental and social sustainability, financial/commercial viability as well as market readiness remain the core guiding principle in the project identification process. This will be the only way to avoid developing “white elephants” that may perpetually be a burden to the treasury and tax payers.
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- Date Issued: 2015
Exploring the impact of teaching music within the creative and performing arts subject in selected upper primary schools in Botswana
- Authors: Moswate, Kholisani
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Curriculum change , Music--Instruction and study
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus (Education)
- Identifier: vital:8503 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1654 , Curriculum change , Music--Instruction and study
- Description: The introduction of Creative and Performing Arts (CAPA) in the school curriculum is one of the changes brought about by the educational reforms in Botswana’s education system. Fullan (2005:42) observed that “any educational change becomes a reality when it is implemented with the involvement of the key role players.” In the case of my research, the primary school teachers and school management teams are the key role-players. This research was, therefore, conducted to explore the impact of teaching music within the CAPA subject as one of the changes brought about by the educational reforms in Botswana upper primary schools. I have found the phenomenological design appropriate for my research. Babbie and Mouton (2009:28) explain this paradigm as emphasising that “human beings are engaged in the process of making sense of their lives and that they continually interpret, create and give meaning to, define, justify and rationalise their actions.” In collecting and analysing data, a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approaches was used to explore trends regarding the teachers’ perceptions, views, emotions, feelings, experiences and preparedness for the introduction of the CAPA subject.
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- Date Issued: 2011