Human, vector and parasite Hsp90 proteins: a comparative bioinformatics analysis
- Faya, Ngonidzashe, Penkler, David L, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Faya, Ngonidzashe , Penkler, David L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148038 , vital:38704 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.11.003
- Description: The treatment of protozoan parasitic diseases is challenging, and thus identification and analysis of new drug targets is important. Parasites survive within host organisms, and some need intermediate hosts to complete their life cycle. Changing host environment puts stress on parasites, and often adaptation is accompanied by the expression of large amounts of heat shock proteins (Hsps). Among Hsps, Hsp90 proteins play an important role in stress environments. Yet, there has been little computational research on Hsp90 proteins to analyze them comparatively as potential parasitic drug targets. Here, an attempt was made to gain detailed insights into the differences between host, vector and parasitic Hsp90 proteins by large-scale bioinformatics analysis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Faya, Ngonidzashe , Penkler, David L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148038 , vital:38704 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.11.003
- Description: The treatment of protozoan parasitic diseases is challenging, and thus identification and analysis of new drug targets is important. Parasites survive within host organisms, and some need intermediate hosts to complete their life cycle. Changing host environment puts stress on parasites, and often adaptation is accompanied by the expression of large amounts of heat shock proteins (Hsps). Among Hsps, Hsp90 proteins play an important role in stress environments. Yet, there has been little computational research on Hsp90 proteins to analyze them comparatively as potential parasitic drug targets. Here, an attempt was made to gain detailed insights into the differences between host, vector and parasitic Hsp90 proteins by large-scale bioinformatics analysis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Immersive audio content creation using mobile devices and ethernet avb
- Rouget, Antoine, Foss, Richard
- Authors: Rouget, Antoine , Foss, Richard
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/426786 , vital:72391 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=18009
- Description: The goal of immersive sound systems is to localize multiple sound sources such that listeners are enveloped in sound. This paper describes an immersive sound system that allows for the creation of immersive sound content and real time control over sound source localization. It is a client/server system where the client is a mobile device. The server receives localization control messages from the client and uses an Ethernet AVB network to distribute appropriate mix levels to speakers with in-built signal processing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Rouget, Antoine , Foss, Richard
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/426786 , vital:72391 , https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=18009
- Description: The goal of immersive sound systems is to localize multiple sound sources such that listeners are enveloped in sound. This paper describes an immersive sound system that allows for the creation of immersive sound content and real time control over sound source localization. It is a client/server system where the client is a mobile device. The server receives localization control messages from the client and uses an Ethernet AVB network to distribute appropriate mix levels to speakers with in-built signal processing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Impact of marine inundation after a period of drought on the lakeshore vegetation of Lake St Lucia, South Africa: resilience of estuarine vegetation
- Sieben, E J J, Ellery, William F N, Dullo, B W, Grootjans, A P
- Authors: Sieben, E J J , Ellery, William F N , Dullo, B W , Grootjans, A P
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144443 , vital:38346 , DOI: 10.2989/16085914.2015.1032208
- Description: The shore of Lake St Lucia in the vicinity of Catalina Bay, in the southern part of the lake, receives freshwater input as surface and groundwater seepage from the adjacent elevated coastal plain. Vegetation, water quality and landform were recorded on the lakeshore and on the dry lakebed near one of these seepage zones. This was done along a gradient perpendicular to the lakeshore and along the lakeshore away from the fluvial source of freshwater input. A number of plant communities were found along a gradient of water salinity from the shoreline (fresh water) towards the centre of the lake, and also away from the fluvial input of water (increasingly saline). Species richness decreased with increasing salinity. The first study was conducted in 2006 after a prolonged drought associated with low lake levels and closure of the mouth, and repeated again in 2010 three years after breaching of the estuarine mouth by a tropical cyclone at sea, which caused inundation of the partly dry lakebed with sea water. The vegetation of the lakeshore after these major disturbances was remarkably similar in the two time periods, suggesting rapid recovery near freshwater seepage zones, following an influx of sea water.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Sieben, E J J , Ellery, William F N , Dullo, B W , Grootjans, A P
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/144443 , vital:38346 , DOI: 10.2989/16085914.2015.1032208
- Description: The shore of Lake St Lucia in the vicinity of Catalina Bay, in the southern part of the lake, receives freshwater input as surface and groundwater seepage from the adjacent elevated coastal plain. Vegetation, water quality and landform were recorded on the lakeshore and on the dry lakebed near one of these seepage zones. This was done along a gradient perpendicular to the lakeshore and along the lakeshore away from the fluvial source of freshwater input. A number of plant communities were found along a gradient of water salinity from the shoreline (fresh water) towards the centre of the lake, and also away from the fluvial input of water (increasingly saline). Species richness decreased with increasing salinity. The first study was conducted in 2006 after a prolonged drought associated with low lake levels and closure of the mouth, and repeated again in 2010 three years after breaching of the estuarine mouth by a tropical cyclone at sea, which caused inundation of the partly dry lakebed with sea water. The vegetation of the lakeshore after these major disturbances was remarkably similar in the two time periods, suggesting rapid recovery near freshwater seepage zones, following an influx of sea water.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Improved triplet state parameters for indium octacarboxy phthalocyanines when conjugated to quantum dots and magnetite nanoparticles
- Tshangana, Charmaine, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Tshangana, Charmaine , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189337 , vital:44838 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.02.040"
- Description: Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and glutathione (GSH) capped CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were separately coordinated to indium octacarboxy phthalocyanine (InPc(COOH)8) to form ClInPc(COOH)8–MNPs and ClInPc(COOH)8–GSH–CdSe@ZnS, respectively. The photophysical parameters (triplet state and fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes) were determined for the conjugates. The triplet quantum yields increased from ΦT = 0.49 for InPc(COOH)8 alone to ΦT = 0.61 and 0.56 for InPc(COOH)8 in the conjugates: ClInPc(COOH)8–MNPs and ClInPc(COOH)8–GSH–CdSe@ZnS, respectively. The lifetimes also became longer for the conjugates compared to Pc alone.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Tshangana, Charmaine , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189337 , vital:44838 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.02.040"
- Description: Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and glutathione (GSH) capped CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were separately coordinated to indium octacarboxy phthalocyanine (InPc(COOH)8) to form ClInPc(COOH)8–MNPs and ClInPc(COOH)8–GSH–CdSe@ZnS, respectively. The photophysical parameters (triplet state and fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes) were determined for the conjugates. The triplet quantum yields increased from ΦT = 0.49 for InPc(COOH)8 alone to ΦT = 0.61 and 0.56 for InPc(COOH)8 in the conjugates: ClInPc(COOH)8–MNPs and ClInPc(COOH)8–GSH–CdSe@ZnS, respectively. The lifetimes also became longer for the conjugates compared to Pc alone.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Incipient genetic isolation of a temperate migratory coastal sciaenid fish (Argyrosomus inodorus) within the Benguela Cold Current system
- Henriques, Romina, Potts, Warren M, Sauer, Warwick H H, Shaw, Paul W
- Authors: Henriques, Romina , Potts, Warren M , Sauer, Warwick H H , Shaw, Paul W
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124710 , vital:35652 , https://doi.10.1080/17451000.2014.952309
- Description: The Benguela Cold Current system, located in the south-eastern Atlantic, features cold sea surface temperatures, bounded to the north and south by tropical currents (the Angola and Agulhas Currents, respectively) and a perennial upwelling cell off central Namibia that divides the region into two sub-systems with different characteristics (Shannon 1985; Hutchings et al. 2009). The colder sea surface temperatures of the Benguela Current have been considered an important biogeographic barrier, isolating tropical and warm-temperate fauna of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans (Avise 2000; Floeter et al. 2008). However, recent studies revealed that other oceanographic features, such as the perennial upwelling cell, may also play an important role in shaping the population structure of warm temperate fish populations within the Benguela system, as complete disruption of gene flow was documented both in Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758) and Atractoscion aequidens (Cuvier, 1830) (Henriques et al. 2012, 2014). Little is known, however, regarding the influence of the Benguela system on genetic population connectivity of cold-water-tolerant species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Henriques, Romina , Potts, Warren M , Sauer, Warwick H H , Shaw, Paul W
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124710 , vital:35652 , https://doi.10.1080/17451000.2014.952309
- Description: The Benguela Cold Current system, located in the south-eastern Atlantic, features cold sea surface temperatures, bounded to the north and south by tropical currents (the Angola and Agulhas Currents, respectively) and a perennial upwelling cell off central Namibia that divides the region into two sub-systems with different characteristics (Shannon 1985; Hutchings et al. 2009). The colder sea surface temperatures of the Benguela Current have been considered an important biogeographic barrier, isolating tropical and warm-temperate fauna of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans (Avise 2000; Floeter et al. 2008). However, recent studies revealed that other oceanographic features, such as the perennial upwelling cell, may also play an important role in shaping the population structure of warm temperate fish populations within the Benguela system, as complete disruption of gene flow was documented both in Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758) and Atractoscion aequidens (Cuvier, 1830) (Henriques et al. 2012, 2014). Little is known, however, regarding the influence of the Benguela system on genetic population connectivity of cold-water-tolerant species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Influential structures: understanding the role of the head of department in relation to women academics’ research careers
- Authors: Obers, Nöelle Marie Thérèse
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61357 , vital:28018 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1080/07294360.2015.1024632
- Description: This study was conducted at a small ‘research-led’ institution in South Africa. The data indicate that women produce less research than men and have low levels of professional self-esteem. Factors such as accrual of social capital, family responsibilities and self-esteem are constraints experienced by women academics in pursuing research careers. Mentoring was found to facilitate research career development and improve levels of self-esteem. Improved self-esteem enables women to promote themselves within their institutions and in the research arena. The role of the head of department with mentoring as a key function emerged as an influential structure for the career advancement of women academics. However, these leadership positions are significantly dominated by men and this appears to affect the amount and nature of mentoring women academics receive.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Obers, Nöelle Marie Thérèse
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61357 , vital:28018 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1080/07294360.2015.1024632
- Description: This study was conducted at a small ‘research-led’ institution in South Africa. The data indicate that women produce less research than men and have low levels of professional self-esteem. Factors such as accrual of social capital, family responsibilities and self-esteem are constraints experienced by women academics in pursuing research careers. Mentoring was found to facilitate research career development and improve levels of self-esteem. Improved self-esteem enables women to promote themselves within their institutions and in the research arena. The role of the head of department with mentoring as a key function emerged as an influential structure for the career advancement of women academics. However, these leadership positions are significantly dominated by men and this appears to affect the amount and nature of mentoring women academics receive.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Informed Interdependence: A model for collaboration in fostering communicative competencies in a Commerce curriculum
- Siebörger, Ian, van der Merwe, Kristin, Adendorff, Ralph D
- Authors: Siebörger, Ian , van der Merwe, Kristin , Adendorff, Ralph D
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124822 , vital:35700 , https://doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2015.1023502
- Description: The current orthodoxy among academics in higher education studies is that content and language learning should be integrated in order to facilitate communicative competencies in degrees seeking to prepare students for business and professions such as accounting, engineering and pharmacy. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has been well-theorised and its goals are laudable; however, we contend that a one-size-fits-all solution of complete integration is not the most practicable or pedagogically-sound option in all contexts. Instead, we argue that establishing relationships of Informed Interdependence between content and language courses may offer greater benefits in specific contexts. This argument may appear counterintuitive, but we believe it has significant insights to add to the continuing dialogue around the use of CLIL. Accordingly, we describe a Professional Communication course at Rhodes University and then outline how we have responded to changes in our context through a process of engagement which led to a new course, namely, Professional Communication for Accountants, and recurriculation of the original Professional Communication course. In reporting on this process we foreground the importance of suitable boundary objects and discursive spaces around which interdisciplinary collaboration can occur. We provide staff and student reactions to a pilot project designed to test the curricular innovations made thus far, and conclude by reflecting on the efficacy of an Informed Interdependence model in our context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Siebörger, Ian , van der Merwe, Kristin , Adendorff, Ralph D
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124822 , vital:35700 , https://doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2015.1023502
- Description: The current orthodoxy among academics in higher education studies is that content and language learning should be integrated in order to facilitate communicative competencies in degrees seeking to prepare students for business and professions such as accounting, engineering and pharmacy. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has been well-theorised and its goals are laudable; however, we contend that a one-size-fits-all solution of complete integration is not the most practicable or pedagogically-sound option in all contexts. Instead, we argue that establishing relationships of Informed Interdependence between content and language courses may offer greater benefits in specific contexts. This argument may appear counterintuitive, but we believe it has significant insights to add to the continuing dialogue around the use of CLIL. Accordingly, we describe a Professional Communication course at Rhodes University and then outline how we have responded to changes in our context through a process of engagement which led to a new course, namely, Professional Communication for Accountants, and recurriculation of the original Professional Communication course. In reporting on this process we foreground the importance of suitable boundary objects and discursive spaces around which interdisciplinary collaboration can occur. We provide staff and student reactions to a pilot project designed to test the curricular innovations made thus far, and conclude by reflecting on the efficacy of an Informed Interdependence model in our context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Inkblots and their indices: rethreading perception in the work of Igshaan Adams
- Authors: Ball, Jennifer
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147293 , vital:38612 , https://0-hdl.handle.net.wam.seals.ac.za/10520/EJC176316
- Description: Igshaan Adams is a young artist from Cape Town, working in multimedia and performance. In his practice, Adams brings ways of seeing and also ways of being into consideration through meditations on objects, dreams, Sufism, family relationships and the changeability of self-hood through perception of these phenomena. This paper engages with Adams' affinity with objects, their agency and biography,and considers how his sensitive interventions alter their materiality, shifting the ways in which they can be seen. The ways in which Adams' family relationships play out in the processes of making his sculptural works, and also in his performances, are then elucidated and related to his ongoing processes of self-enquiry. Furthermore, I consider Adams' latest body of work, a critical enquiry into the variable meanings of Rorschach inkblots. Adams reflects on the grounds for inkblot testing and, in so doing, tests and measures the nature of looking, perceiving and projecting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Ball, Jennifer
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147293 , vital:38612 , https://0-hdl.handle.net.wam.seals.ac.za/10520/EJC176316
- Description: Igshaan Adams is a young artist from Cape Town, working in multimedia and performance. In his practice, Adams brings ways of seeing and also ways of being into consideration through meditations on objects, dreams, Sufism, family relationships and the changeability of self-hood through perception of these phenomena. This paper engages with Adams' affinity with objects, their agency and biography,and considers how his sensitive interventions alter their materiality, shifting the ways in which they can be seen. The ways in which Adams' family relationships play out in the processes of making his sculptural works, and also in his performances, are then elucidated and related to his ongoing processes of self-enquiry. Furthermore, I consider Adams' latest body of work, a critical enquiry into the variable meanings of Rorschach inkblots. Adams reflects on the grounds for inkblot testing and, in so doing, tests and measures the nature of looking, perceiving and projecting.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Integrating local knowledge and forest surveys to assess Lantana camara impacts on indigenous species recruitment in Mazeppa Bay, South Africa
- Jevon, Tui, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Jevon, Tui , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/180843 , vital:43650 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-015-9748-y"
- Description: Invasive alien species have variable impacts on peoples’ livelihoods, plant communities and species at the local scale. Local people often have deeper insights into and experiences of these impacts than can be measured by scientific surveys. Here we examine the impacts of Lantana camara on the recruitment of indigenous forest species, many of which are used by local people. We integrate findings from conversations with elderly respondents with standard ecological surveys. Both sources of information indicate that the increasing presence of Lantana suppresses the number and species richness of recruits of indigenous forest species, which may retard forest succession. Dense thickets of Lantana also restricted access to non-timber forest products and species of cultural significance. The origin and date of the Lantana introduction in the area was identified by respondents as the 1960s and it escaped into the wild in the early 1970s. These findings can be incorporated into locally based management considerations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Jevon, Tui , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/180843 , vital:43650 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-015-9748-y"
- Description: Invasive alien species have variable impacts on peoples’ livelihoods, plant communities and species at the local scale. Local people often have deeper insights into and experiences of these impacts than can be measured by scientific surveys. Here we examine the impacts of Lantana camara on the recruitment of indigenous forest species, many of which are used by local people. We integrate findings from conversations with elderly respondents with standard ecological surveys. Both sources of information indicate that the increasing presence of Lantana suppresses the number and species richness of recruits of indigenous forest species, which may retard forest succession. Dense thickets of Lantana also restricted access to non-timber forest products and species of cultural significance. The origin and date of the Lantana introduction in the area was identified by respondents as the 1960s and it escaped into the wild in the early 1970s. These findings can be incorporated into locally based management considerations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Introduction, establishment and spread of the Southern mouthbrooder Pseudocrenilabrus philander in the Baakens River, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Muller, Cuen, Weyl, Olaf L F, Strydom, Nadine A
- Authors: Muller, Cuen , Weyl, Olaf L F , Strydom, Nadine A
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/443879 , vital:74168 , https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2015.1058187
- Description: This paper provides evidence for the extralimital establishment and spread of Pseudocrenilabrus philander in the Baakens River, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Since the first occurrence record at a single locality in 1994 this species has now spread throughout the river and the population contains both reproductive adults and juveniles. Gut content analysis demonstrated potential dietary overlap with native fishes and predation on fish larvae. Pseudocrenilabrus philander in the Baakens River therefore satisfies all criteria for an invasive species in this river and was categorised as invasive using a unified framework for biological invasions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Muller, Cuen , Weyl, Olaf L F , Strydom, Nadine A
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/443879 , vital:74168 , https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2015.1058187
- Description: This paper provides evidence for the extralimital establishment and spread of Pseudocrenilabrus philander in the Baakens River, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Since the first occurrence record at a single locality in 1994 this species has now spread throughout the river and the population contains both reproductive adults and juveniles. Gut content analysis demonstrated potential dietary overlap with native fishes and predation on fish larvae. Pseudocrenilabrus philander in the Baakens River therefore satisfies all criteria for an invasive species in this river and was categorised as invasive using a unified framework for biological invasions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Iodine-Doped Cobalt Phthalocyanine Supported on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction Reaction
- Nyoni, Stephen, Mashazi, Philani N, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Nyoni, Stephen , Mashazi, Philani N , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189434 , vital:44846 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201400499"
- Description: 4-(4,6-Diaminopyrimidin-2-ylthio) phthalocyaninatocobalt(II) (CoPyPc) was iodine doped, and its electrocatalytic properties explored. Physical characterization techniques such as UV-vis, X-ray photoelectron, electron paramagnetic resonance and infra-red spectroscopy were used. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and rotating disk electrode were used for electrochemical characterization of electrodes modified with the prepared phthalocyanine and its nanocomposites. The electrocatalytic effect of a new iodine-doped cobalt phthalocyanine derivative supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes was then investigated towards oxygen reduction reaction. The electrocatalytic activity of the iodine-doped cobalt phthalocyanine was found to be superior in terms of current over the undoped phthalocyanine nanocomposite.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Nyoni, Stephen , Mashazi, Philani N , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189434 , vital:44846 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201400499"
- Description: 4-(4,6-Diaminopyrimidin-2-ylthio) phthalocyaninatocobalt(II) (CoPyPc) was iodine doped, and its electrocatalytic properties explored. Physical characterization techniques such as UV-vis, X-ray photoelectron, electron paramagnetic resonance and infra-red spectroscopy were used. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and rotating disk electrode were used for electrochemical characterization of electrodes modified with the prepared phthalocyanine and its nanocomposites. The electrocatalytic effect of a new iodine-doped cobalt phthalocyanine derivative supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes was then investigated towards oxygen reduction reaction. The electrocatalytic activity of the iodine-doped cobalt phthalocyanine was found to be superior in terms of current over the undoped phthalocyanine nanocomposite.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Issues and concerns in developing regulated markets for endangered species products: the case of rhinoceros horns
- Collins, Alan, Fraser, Gavin C G, Snowball, Jeanette D
- Authors: Collins, Alan , Fraser, Gavin C G , Snowball, Jeanette D
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124877 , vital:35706 , https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bev076
- Description: A proposal for addressing rhinoceros poaching is to legalise the trade in rhino horn and adopt a regulated market approach, overturning the current trade ban. This orthodox economic prescription aims to reduce incentives to poach endangered wildlife by driving down the market price of their products via auctioned stockpile releases. Biologists are clear, however, that securing a stockpile for some species needs biological success in captive breeding programmes (CBPs), which varies markedly across species and habitats. Rhinoceros herds in a CBP would need spatially extensive terrain and costly permanent security measures; this only appears feasible for the less aggressive ‘white’ rhino. We argue that the market price would actually need to be sustained at a high level to cover protection costs over the longer reproduction cycles in CBPs and that, without extensive monitoring and the correct institutional structures being in place, legalising trade may encourage, rather than prevent, poaching. Supplementary policy measures that differentiate among consumer groups would also likely prove necessary.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Collins, Alan , Fraser, Gavin C G , Snowball, Jeanette D
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/124877 , vital:35706 , https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bev076
- Description: A proposal for addressing rhinoceros poaching is to legalise the trade in rhino horn and adopt a regulated market approach, overturning the current trade ban. This orthodox economic prescription aims to reduce incentives to poach endangered wildlife by driving down the market price of their products via auctioned stockpile releases. Biologists are clear, however, that securing a stockpile for some species needs biological success in captive breeding programmes (CBPs), which varies markedly across species and habitats. Rhinoceros herds in a CBP would need spatially extensive terrain and costly permanent security measures; this only appears feasible for the less aggressive ‘white’ rhino. We argue that the market price would actually need to be sustained at a high level to cover protection costs over the longer reproduction cycles in CBPs and that, without extensive monitoring and the correct institutional structures being in place, legalising trade may encourage, rather than prevent, poaching. Supplementary policy measures that differentiate among consumer groups would also likely prove necessary.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
JMS: a workflow management system and web-based cluster front-end for the Torque resource manager
- Brown, David K, Musyoka, Thommas M, Penkler, David L, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Brown, David K , Musyoka, Thommas M , Penkler, David L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148049 , vital:38705 , https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.06907
- Description: Complex computational pipelines are becoming a staple of modern scientific research. Often these pipelines are resource intensive and require days of computing time. In such cases, it makes sense to run them over distributed computer clusters where they can take advantage of the aggregated resources of many powerful computers. In addition to this, researchers often want to integrate their workflows into their own web servers. In these cases, software is needed to manage the submission of jobs from the web interface to the cluster and then return the results once the job has finished executing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Brown, David K , Musyoka, Thommas M , Penkler, David L , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/148049 , vital:38705 , https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.06907
- Description: Complex computational pipelines are becoming a staple of modern scientific research. Often these pipelines are resource intensive and require days of computing time. In such cases, it makes sense to run them over distributed computer clusters where they can take advantage of the aggregated resources of many powerful computers. In addition to this, researchers often want to integrate their workflows into their own web servers. In these cases, software is needed to manage the submission of jobs from the web interface to the cluster and then return the results once the job has finished executing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
JMS: an open source workflow management system and web-based cluster front-end for high performance computing
- Brown, David K, Penkler, David L, Musyoka, Thommas M, Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Authors: Brown, David K , Penkler, David L , Musyoka, Thommas M , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/162880 , vital:40993 , doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134273
- Description: Complex computational pipelines are becoming a staple of modern scientific research. Often these pipelines are resource intensive and require days of computing time. In such cases, it makes sense to run them over high performance computing (HPC) clusters where they can take advantage of the aggregated resources of many powerful computers. In addition to this, researchers often want to integrate their workflows into their own web servers. In these cases, software is needed to manage the submission of jobs from the web interface to the cluster and then return the results once the job has finished executing. We have developed the Job Management System (JMS), a workflow management system and web interface for high performance computing (HPC). JMS provides users with a user-friendly web interface for creating complex workflows with multiple stages. It integrates this workflow functionality with the resource manager, a tool that is used to control and manage batch jobs on HPC clusters. As such, JMS combines workflow management functionality with cluster administration functionality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Brown, David K , Penkler, David L , Musyoka, Thommas M , Tastan Bishop, Özlem
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/162880 , vital:40993 , doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134273
- Description: Complex computational pipelines are becoming a staple of modern scientific research. Often these pipelines are resource intensive and require days of computing time. In such cases, it makes sense to run them over high performance computing (HPC) clusters where they can take advantage of the aggregated resources of many powerful computers. In addition to this, researchers often want to integrate their workflows into their own web servers. In these cases, software is needed to manage the submission of jobs from the web interface to the cluster and then return the results once the job has finished executing. We have developed the Job Management System (JMS), a workflow management system and web interface for high performance computing (HPC). JMS provides users with a user-friendly web interface for creating complex workflows with multiple stages. It integrates this workflow functionality with the resource manager, a tool that is used to control and manage batch jobs on HPC clusters. As such, JMS combines workflow management functionality with cluster administration functionality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Journalism students’ motivations and expectations of their work in comparative perspective:
- Hanusch, Folker, Mellado, Claudia, Boshoff, Priscilla A, Humanes, María Luisa, De León, Salvador, Pereira, Fabio, Márquez Ramírez, Mireya, Roses, Sergio, Subervi, Federico, Wyss, Vinzenz, Yez, Lyuba
- Authors: Hanusch, Folker , Mellado, Claudia , Boshoff, Priscilla A , Humanes, María Luisa , De León, Salvador , Pereira, Fabio , Márquez Ramírez, Mireya , Roses, Sergio , Subervi, Federico , Wyss, Vinzenz , Yez, Lyuba
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143425 , vital:38245 , DOI: 10.1177/1077695814554295
- Description: Based on a survey of 4,393 journalism students in Australia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States, this study provides much-needed comparative evidence about students’ motivations for becoming journalists, their future job plans, and expectations. Findings show not only an almost universal decline in students’ desire to work in journalism by the end of their program but also important national differences in terms of the journalistic fields in which they want to work, as well as their job expectations. The results reinforce the need to take into account national contexts when examining journalism education across the globe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Hanusch, Folker , Mellado, Claudia , Boshoff, Priscilla A , Humanes, María Luisa , De León, Salvador , Pereira, Fabio , Márquez Ramírez, Mireya , Roses, Sergio , Subervi, Federico , Wyss, Vinzenz , Yez, Lyuba
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143425 , vital:38245 , DOI: 10.1177/1077695814554295
- Description: Based on a survey of 4,393 journalism students in Australia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States, this study provides much-needed comparative evidence about students’ motivations for becoming journalists, their future job plans, and expectations. Findings show not only an almost universal decline in students’ desire to work in journalism by the end of their program but also important national differences in terms of the journalistic fields in which they want to work, as well as their job expectations. The results reinforce the need to take into account national contexts when examining journalism education across the globe.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Just saying “No” is not enough: a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis of anti-rape poster campaigns
- Böhmke, Werner, Bennie, Rachel, Minnie, Chantel, Moore, Sarah-Ann, Pilusa, Mikaylah, Pollock, James
- Authors: Böhmke, Werner , Bennie, Rachel , Minnie, Chantel , Moore, Sarah-Ann , Pilusa, Mikaylah , Pollock, James
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143727 , vital:38277 , https://ischp.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/ischp_2015_abstract_booklet.pdf
- Description: Sexual violence is a serious social concern, especially in South Africa. Explanations for high levels of sexual violence often point to normative cultural expectations regarding gendered behaviour. Consequently, attempts to address sexual violence frequently take the form of public health initiatives aimed at increasing awareness of the problem, encouraging reporting and, much more recently, addressing the social attitudes believed to be held by perpetrators of this violence. A common format for such initiatives is anti-rape poster campaigns. This paper argues, through applying Foucauldian discourse analysis to a series of posters, that very often the messages conveyed by these initiatives are addressed at the prohibition of behaviours associated with sexual violence. The analysis shows that this strategy may not be sufficient, and instead argues that alternative strategies - aimed at inviting audiences to take up an ethical position - may be more effective at producing change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Böhmke, Werner , Bennie, Rachel , Minnie, Chantel , Moore, Sarah-Ann , Pilusa, Mikaylah , Pollock, James
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143727 , vital:38277 , https://ischp.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/ischp_2015_abstract_booklet.pdf
- Description: Sexual violence is a serious social concern, especially in South Africa. Explanations for high levels of sexual violence often point to normative cultural expectations regarding gendered behaviour. Consequently, attempts to address sexual violence frequently take the form of public health initiatives aimed at increasing awareness of the problem, encouraging reporting and, much more recently, addressing the social attitudes believed to be held by perpetrators of this violence. A common format for such initiatives is anti-rape poster campaigns. This paper argues, through applying Foucauldian discourse analysis to a series of posters, that very often the messages conveyed by these initiatives are addressed at the prohibition of behaviours associated with sexual violence. The analysis shows that this strategy may not be sufficient, and instead argues that alternative strategies - aimed at inviting audiences to take up an ethical position - may be more effective at producing change.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Keeping food on the table: responses and changing coastal fisheries in Solomon Islands
- Albert, Simon, Aswani, Shankar, Fisher, Paul L, Albert, Joelle
- Authors: Albert, Simon , Aswani, Shankar , Fisher, Paul L , Albert, Joelle
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70593 , vital:29678 , https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130800
- Description: Globally the majority of commercial fisheries have experienced dramatic declines in stock and catch. Likewise, projections for many subsistence fisheries in the tropics indicate a dramatic decline is looming in the coming decades. In the Pacific Islands coastal fisheries provide basic subsistence needs for millions of people. A decline in fish catch would therefore have profound impacts on the health and livelihoods of these coastal communities. Given the decrease in local catch rates reported for many coastal communities in the Pacific, it is important to understand if fishers have responded to ecological change (either by expanding their fishing range and/or increasing their fishing effort), and if so, to evaluate the costs or benefits of these responses. We compare data from fish catches in 1995 and 2011 from a rural coastal community in Solomon Islands to examine the potentially changing coastal reef fishery at these time points. In particular we found changes in preferred fishing locations, fishing methodology and catch composition between these data sets. The results indicate that despite changes in catch rates (catch per unit effort) between data collected in 2011 and 16 years previously, the study community was able to increase gross catches through visiting fishing sites further away, diversifying fishing methods and targeting pelagic species through trolling. Such insight into local-scale responses to changing resources and/ or fisheries development will help scientists and policy makers throughout the Pacific region in managing the region’s fisheries in the future.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Albert, Simon , Aswani, Shankar , Fisher, Paul L , Albert, Joelle
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70593 , vital:29678 , https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130800
- Description: Globally the majority of commercial fisheries have experienced dramatic declines in stock and catch. Likewise, projections for many subsistence fisheries in the tropics indicate a dramatic decline is looming in the coming decades. In the Pacific Islands coastal fisheries provide basic subsistence needs for millions of people. A decline in fish catch would therefore have profound impacts on the health and livelihoods of these coastal communities. Given the decrease in local catch rates reported for many coastal communities in the Pacific, it is important to understand if fishers have responded to ecological change (either by expanding their fishing range and/or increasing their fishing effort), and if so, to evaluate the costs or benefits of these responses. We compare data from fish catches in 1995 and 2011 from a rural coastal community in Solomon Islands to examine the potentially changing coastal reef fishery at these time points. In particular we found changes in preferred fishing locations, fishing methodology and catch composition between these data sets. The results indicate that despite changes in catch rates (catch per unit effort) between data collected in 2011 and 16 years previously, the study community was able to increase gross catches through visiting fishing sites further away, diversifying fishing methods and targeting pelagic species through trolling. Such insight into local-scale responses to changing resources and/ or fisheries development will help scientists and policy makers throughout the Pacific region in managing the region’s fisheries in the future.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Knowledge production about voluntary childlessness as a family form: a systematic review of trends
- Authors: Lynch, Ingrid
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143604 , vital:38266 , https://ischp.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/ischp_2015_abstract_booklet.pdf
- Description: There has been a steady increase in research concerned with non-traditional reproductive decision-making, including research investigating voluntarily childlessness. Existing reviews of this body of scholarship focus on dominant themes over time including: the demographic incidence of voluntary childlessness, different pathways to voluntary childlessness, motivations for being childfree, physical and mental health consequences of being childfree and stigmatisation of childfree individuals and responses to stigma. We extend previous systematic literature reviews to attend to sociohistorical and geopolitical aspects of knowledge production about voluntary childlessness. Our dataset comprised 195 peer-reviewed articles that were coded and analysed to explore inter alia the main topic under investigation, country context, sample characteristics and methodology. We discuss the findings in relation to the socio-historical contexts of knowledge production, highlighting implications for current understandings of families, reproductive decision-making and reproductive justice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Lynch, Ingrid
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143604 , vital:38266 , https://ischp.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/ischp_2015_abstract_booklet.pdf
- Description: There has been a steady increase in research concerned with non-traditional reproductive decision-making, including research investigating voluntarily childlessness. Existing reviews of this body of scholarship focus on dominant themes over time including: the demographic incidence of voluntary childlessness, different pathways to voluntary childlessness, motivations for being childfree, physical and mental health consequences of being childfree and stigmatisation of childfree individuals and responses to stigma. We extend previous systematic literature reviews to attend to sociohistorical and geopolitical aspects of knowledge production about voluntary childlessness. Our dataset comprised 195 peer-reviewed articles that were coded and analysed to explore inter alia the main topic under investigation, country context, sample characteristics and methodology. We discuss the findings in relation to the socio-historical contexts of knowledge production, highlighting implications for current understandings of families, reproductive decision-making and reproductive justice.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Local wood demand, land cover change and the state of Albany thicket on an urban commonage in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Stickler, M M, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Stickler, M M , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/398343 , vital:69402 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0396-6"
- Description: Understanding the rates and causes of land-use change is crucial in identifying solutions, especially in sensitive landscapes and ecosystems, as well as in places undergoing rapid political, socioeconomic or ecological change. Despite considerable concern at the rate of transformation and degradation of the biodiversity-rich Albany Thicket biome in South Africa, most knowledge is gleaned from private commercial lands and state conservation areas. In comparison, there is limited work in communal areas where land uses include biomass extraction, especially for firewood and construction timber. We used aerial photographs to analyze land use and cover change in the high- and low-use zones of an urban commonage and an adjacent protected area over almost six decades, which included a major political transition. Field sampling was undertaken to characterize the current state of the vegetation and soils of the commonage and protected area and to determine the supply and demand for firewood and construction timber. Between the 1950s and 1980s, there was a clear increase in woody vegetation cover, which was reversed after the political transition in the mid-1990s. However, current woody plant standing stocks and sustainable annual production rates are well above current firewood demand, suggesting other probable causes for the decline in woody plant cover. The fragmentation of woody plant cover is paralleled by increases in grassy areas and bare ground, an increase in soil compaction, and decreases in soil moisture, carbon, and nutrients.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Stickler, M M , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/398343 , vital:69402 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0396-6"
- Description: Understanding the rates and causes of land-use change is crucial in identifying solutions, especially in sensitive landscapes and ecosystems, as well as in places undergoing rapid political, socioeconomic or ecological change. Despite considerable concern at the rate of transformation and degradation of the biodiversity-rich Albany Thicket biome in South Africa, most knowledge is gleaned from private commercial lands and state conservation areas. In comparison, there is limited work in communal areas where land uses include biomass extraction, especially for firewood and construction timber. We used aerial photographs to analyze land use and cover change in the high- and low-use zones of an urban commonage and an adjacent protected area over almost six decades, which included a major political transition. Field sampling was undertaken to characterize the current state of the vegetation and soils of the commonage and protected area and to determine the supply and demand for firewood and construction timber. Between the 1950s and 1980s, there was a clear increase in woody vegetation cover, which was reversed after the political transition in the mid-1990s. However, current woody plant standing stocks and sustainable annual production rates are well above current firewood demand, suggesting other probable causes for the decline in woody plant cover. The fragmentation of woody plant cover is paralleled by increases in grassy areas and bare ground, an increase in soil compaction, and decreases in soil moisture, carbon, and nutrients.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Making media theory from the South:
- Authors: Garman, Anthea
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/158873 , vital:40236 , https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2015.1008186
- Description: Like many other academics who have joined the digital age I have pages and uploads on Academia.edu, Researchgate, LinkedIn and a Google Scholar-aggregated thing (that seemed to trawl the net for my papers, do it for me and then invite me to view my own collection!). So, I get lots of email alerts telling me when someone has looked at my work and downloaded my papers. I appreciate this virtual community and enjoy participating in it, but the aspect of this that perplexes me is the need to ‘endorse’’ someone for their skills – a practice that seems to stem from LinkedIn’s businessmindedness aimed at youngsters trying to find a foothold on the career ladder. I don’t do endorsements unless the programme forces me to go through this step in order to do what I want to do on the site.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Garman, Anthea
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/158873 , vital:40236 , https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2015.1008186
- Description: Like many other academics who have joined the digital age I have pages and uploads on Academia.edu, Researchgate, LinkedIn and a Google Scholar-aggregated thing (that seemed to trawl the net for my papers, do it for me and then invite me to view my own collection!). So, I get lots of email alerts telling me when someone has looked at my work and downloaded my papers. I appreciate this virtual community and enjoy participating in it, but the aspect of this that perplexes me is the need to ‘endorse’’ someone for their skills – a practice that seems to stem from LinkedIn’s businessmindedness aimed at youngsters trying to find a foothold on the career ladder. I don’t do endorsements unless the programme forces me to go through this step in order to do what I want to do on the site.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015