Mental health practitioners’ perceptions of utilising animal-assisted interventions
- Authors: Scheepers, Jessica
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Pets -- Therapeutic use Human-animal relationships Psychiatry -- Practice Mental health counseling
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43512 , vital:36903
- Description: Clarity in recognising the individuals or circumstances where interaction with animals is possibly beneficial and suitable, is essential for both the individuals and the animals. The present research study attempted to document the intervention factors when local mental health practitioners utilise animal-assisted interventions (AAIs). This study was undertaken to explore and describe the factors mental health practitioners perceive as important when utilising AAIs for clients. In doing so the researcher was able to identify and describe the characteristics of clients considered by mental health practitioners for utilising AAIs, also the psychopathological conditions for which mental health practitioners utilise AAIs and the non-psychopathological applications. Additionally, the researcher identified and described the types and characteristics of the animals that are utilised in AAIs by mental health practitioners. The current study utilised a qualitative research approach employing non-probability purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six female mental health practitioners. All participants had implemented AAIs and were able to speak English fluently. Interviews were conducted in English and continued until data saturation was reached. Findings in the current study demonstrate that local mental health practitioners have numerous considerations that pertain to the client including the human attributes that influence the selection of AAI, an appropriate climate (weather during outdoor therapy), and the medical conditions that may influence the implementation of AAIs. The current research also found that there is a broad scope for psychopathological applications of AAIs. Finally, there are several considerations pertaining to the animal that is used for the AAI, including trustworthiness/predictability, relevant attributes, skills/training the animal requires, a suitable environment, and fatigue/therapy exhaustion that may occur during AAIs. Limitations to the current study were identified - including limitations to the methodology employed and only female participants - and recommendations were made for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Scheepers, Jessica
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Pets -- Therapeutic use Human-animal relationships Psychiatry -- Practice Mental health counseling
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43512 , vital:36903
- Description: Clarity in recognising the individuals or circumstances where interaction with animals is possibly beneficial and suitable, is essential for both the individuals and the animals. The present research study attempted to document the intervention factors when local mental health practitioners utilise animal-assisted interventions (AAIs). This study was undertaken to explore and describe the factors mental health practitioners perceive as important when utilising AAIs for clients. In doing so the researcher was able to identify and describe the characteristics of clients considered by mental health practitioners for utilising AAIs, also the psychopathological conditions for which mental health practitioners utilise AAIs and the non-psychopathological applications. Additionally, the researcher identified and described the types and characteristics of the animals that are utilised in AAIs by mental health practitioners. The current study utilised a qualitative research approach employing non-probability purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six female mental health practitioners. All participants had implemented AAIs and were able to speak English fluently. Interviews were conducted in English and continued until data saturation was reached. Findings in the current study demonstrate that local mental health practitioners have numerous considerations that pertain to the client including the human attributes that influence the selection of AAI, an appropriate climate (weather during outdoor therapy), and the medical conditions that may influence the implementation of AAIs. The current research also found that there is a broad scope for psychopathological applications of AAIs. Finally, there are several considerations pertaining to the animal that is used for the AAI, including trustworthiness/predictability, relevant attributes, skills/training the animal requires, a suitable environment, and fatigue/therapy exhaustion that may occur during AAIs. Limitations to the current study were identified - including limitations to the methodology employed and only female participants - and recommendations were made for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Parents’ perspectives and experiences regarding the impact of adolescents’ use of social media on the parent-adolescent relationship
- Authors: Poswa, Prudence
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mass media and children , Parent and teenager -- Psychological aspects Parenthood -- Psychological aspects Adolescent psychotherapy Communication in families
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43290 , vital:36782
- Description: Parent-adolescent relationships are perceived to be an essential part of human relationships. They affect areas of social development and relationship formation in the adolescent’s current and future life. With today’s rapidly changing and technologically advancing world, adolescents as well as parents, increasingly spend a large amount of time engaging on social media. This may have an influence on the parent-adolescent relationship. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the impact of social media on the parent-adolescent relationship as experienced by parents. A qualitative research approach was used with a descriptive, explorative and contextual research design. Data was collected through the use of individual, semi-structured interviews. This data was analysed by following the guidelines provided by Tesch and Guba’s model was used to ensure the trustworthiness of the study. This study has sought to expand the knowledge base regarding the perceived impact of social media on the parent-child relationship and to offer recommendations regarding how the effective use of social media can enhance the relationship between parent and child.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Poswa, Prudence
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mass media and children , Parent and teenager -- Psychological aspects Parenthood -- Psychological aspects Adolescent psychotherapy Communication in families
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43290 , vital:36782
- Description: Parent-adolescent relationships are perceived to be an essential part of human relationships. They affect areas of social development and relationship formation in the adolescent’s current and future life. With today’s rapidly changing and technologically advancing world, adolescents as well as parents, increasingly spend a large amount of time engaging on social media. This may have an influence on the parent-adolescent relationship. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the impact of social media on the parent-adolescent relationship as experienced by parents. A qualitative research approach was used with a descriptive, explorative and contextual research design. Data was collected through the use of individual, semi-structured interviews. This data was analysed by following the guidelines provided by Tesch and Guba’s model was used to ensure the trustworthiness of the study. This study has sought to expand the knowledge base regarding the perceived impact of social media on the parent-child relationship and to offer recommendations regarding how the effective use of social media can enhance the relationship between parent and child.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Perceptions of a multi-disciplinary team on the effectiveness of their treatment approach at an in-patient adolescent drug treatment facility
- Bronkhorst, Willem Lukas Rudolf, Goliath, Veonna
- Authors: Bronkhorst, Willem Lukas Rudolf , Goliath, Veonna
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Drug abuse -- Treatment -- South Africa , Substance abuse -- Treatment -- South Africa Teenagers -- Substance use -- South Africa Substance abuse -- Prevention -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/37720 , vital:34231
- Description: The problem of adolescent substance use disorder as well as the high relapse rates associated with addiction treatment has been recognised both locally and internationally. The ability to effectively implement and monitor existing treatment programs therefore becomes critical to improving treatment outcomes at addiction treatment facilities that serve adolescent clients. The Multi-disciplinary team (MDT) have a key role to play with regard to the delivery and implementation of effective adolescent addiction treatment. The main aim of this qualitative research study was to explore the functioning of the MDT at an in-patient adolescent drug treatment facility and their perceptions regarding the extent to which the nine essential key elements of effective adolescent addiction treatment aligns with their approach to program implementation. This qualitative exploratory-descriptive study employed a non-probability purposive sampling technique to recruit research participants from an adolescent drug treatment centre in Nelson Mandela Bay. Two separate focus group interviews were conducted with participants who met the study’s inclusion criteria. The first group included eight participants, with the second consisting of ten participants. Tesch’s framework for qualitative data analysis was used to analyse raw interview data; validated by an analysis conducted by an independent coder. Guba’s model was used to ensure trustworthiness throughout the research process and of the findings. Emphasis was therefore placed on the concepts of truth value, applicability, consistency, and neutrality. The findings of the study were presented in ten main themes and associated sub-themes. Ethical conduct was ensured by meeting the requirements for 1) ethical review, 2) informed consent, 3) confidentiality and anonymity, 4) the right to confidentiality and privacy of data, 5) beneficence and non-maleficence, and finally 6) exiting ethics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Bronkhorst, Willem Lukas Rudolf , Goliath, Veonna
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Drug abuse -- Treatment -- South Africa , Substance abuse -- Treatment -- South Africa Teenagers -- Substance use -- South Africa Substance abuse -- Prevention -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/37720 , vital:34231
- Description: The problem of adolescent substance use disorder as well as the high relapse rates associated with addiction treatment has been recognised both locally and internationally. The ability to effectively implement and monitor existing treatment programs therefore becomes critical to improving treatment outcomes at addiction treatment facilities that serve adolescent clients. The Multi-disciplinary team (MDT) have a key role to play with regard to the delivery and implementation of effective adolescent addiction treatment. The main aim of this qualitative research study was to explore the functioning of the MDT at an in-patient adolescent drug treatment facility and their perceptions regarding the extent to which the nine essential key elements of effective adolescent addiction treatment aligns with their approach to program implementation. This qualitative exploratory-descriptive study employed a non-probability purposive sampling technique to recruit research participants from an adolescent drug treatment centre in Nelson Mandela Bay. Two separate focus group interviews were conducted with participants who met the study’s inclusion criteria. The first group included eight participants, with the second consisting of ten participants. Tesch’s framework for qualitative data analysis was used to analyse raw interview data; validated by an analysis conducted by an independent coder. Guba’s model was used to ensure trustworthiness throughout the research process and of the findings. Emphasis was therefore placed on the concepts of truth value, applicability, consistency, and neutrality. The findings of the study were presented in ten main themes and associated sub-themes. Ethical conduct was ensured by meeting the requirements for 1) ethical review, 2) informed consent, 3) confidentiality and anonymity, 4) the right to confidentiality and privacy of data, 5) beneficence and non-maleficence, and finally 6) exiting ethics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Rehabilitation services in a district health system: managers’ perceptions
- Authors: Zinn, Richard Thebu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical rehabilitation , Primary health care -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Primary health care -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44280 , vital:37145
- Description: The growth of rehabilitation services in a specific district in the Eastern Cape has been of concern to the majority of the therapists working in that setting between 2012 and 2015. With the importance of primary health care as the driver of South Africa’s National Health Insurance scheme, and the need for rehabilitation services increasing, the investigation of the perceptions of managers who oversee rehabilitation services is pertinent. The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the perceptions of managers regarding rehabilitation services in a district health system and to make recommendations to the Provincial Department of Health regarding the management of rehabilitation services at a district level based on the managers’ perceptions. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual research design was used as minimal information relating to the topic was found. The complexity of perceptions, their influence on behaviour and the environment, are wellexplored using these design approaches. Purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were used to elicit meaningful responses from managers familiar, and tasked, with the oversight of the rehabilitation service. Data analysis was performed utilising Tesch’s model of thematic synthesis. To ensure rigour within the research Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness was followed. The ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence and justice were upheld in the study. A thick description was utilised when reporting the findings and a literature control was done to place the findings in the present literature on the topic. The study has provided insights and perceptions of an important layer within the district health system. These perceptions are meaningful, as they influence the manner in which policy and plans are interpreted and implemented, and decisions are made within the environment of rehabilitation services. Three major themes arose from the data analysis process, namely: The managers’ reported positive factors regarding rehabilitation services, they identified challenges affecting the implementation of rehabilitation services in the District Health System, and they provided suggestions for the improvement of rehabilitation services in the District Health System. The positive views held by those in management positions indicate that there are strong foundations on which to build the rehabilitation service, and features of the system that need to be acknowledged, continued and strengthened. The challenges experienced by this layer of management point to aspects that need to be addressed in order to improve and optimise the impact of the inclusion of rehabilitation services in Primary Health Care. The findings in this study clarify these challenges, and if these are not addressed, the goals of the progressive health care system which South Africa is trying to implement cannot be fully achieved. Furthermore, the discrepancies and gaps that exist between urban and rural, and better and poorer resourced districts are likely to widen. The limitations of the study were identified and recommendations were made for practice (management), education and research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Zinn, Richard Thebu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical rehabilitation , Primary health care -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Primary health care -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44280 , vital:37145
- Description: The growth of rehabilitation services in a specific district in the Eastern Cape has been of concern to the majority of the therapists working in that setting between 2012 and 2015. With the importance of primary health care as the driver of South Africa’s National Health Insurance scheme, and the need for rehabilitation services increasing, the investigation of the perceptions of managers who oversee rehabilitation services is pertinent. The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the perceptions of managers regarding rehabilitation services in a district health system and to make recommendations to the Provincial Department of Health regarding the management of rehabilitation services at a district level based on the managers’ perceptions. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual research design was used as minimal information relating to the topic was found. The complexity of perceptions, their influence on behaviour and the environment, are wellexplored using these design approaches. Purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were used to elicit meaningful responses from managers familiar, and tasked, with the oversight of the rehabilitation service. Data analysis was performed utilising Tesch’s model of thematic synthesis. To ensure rigour within the research Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness was followed. The ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence and justice were upheld in the study. A thick description was utilised when reporting the findings and a literature control was done to place the findings in the present literature on the topic. The study has provided insights and perceptions of an important layer within the district health system. These perceptions are meaningful, as they influence the manner in which policy and plans are interpreted and implemented, and decisions are made within the environment of rehabilitation services. Three major themes arose from the data analysis process, namely: The managers’ reported positive factors regarding rehabilitation services, they identified challenges affecting the implementation of rehabilitation services in the District Health System, and they provided suggestions for the improvement of rehabilitation services in the District Health System. The positive views held by those in management positions indicate that there are strong foundations on which to build the rehabilitation service, and features of the system that need to be acknowledged, continued and strengthened. The challenges experienced by this layer of management point to aspects that need to be addressed in order to improve and optimise the impact of the inclusion of rehabilitation services in Primary Health Care. The findings in this study clarify these challenges, and if these are not addressed, the goals of the progressive health care system which South Africa is trying to implement cannot be fully achieved. Furthermore, the discrepancies and gaps that exist between urban and rural, and better and poorer resourced districts are likely to widen. The limitations of the study were identified and recommendations were made for practice (management), education and research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Religio-cultural perspectives on the understanding, aetiology and treatment of epilepsy
- Authors: Masilela, Sonto Precious
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Christianity and culture , Epilepsy -- Pathophysiology Epilepsy -- Psychological aspects Epilepsy -- Treatment Epilepsy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42650 , vital:36677
- Description: The important role that religious and cultural beliefs have on perceptions of and treatment of various medical and psychological conditions cannot be ignored. Certain cultures and religions believe in supernatural forces and their ability to influence one‟s health and well-being. For example, epilepsy, which is a medical condition, has a set of symptoms that if experienced, would result in its diagnosis by a medical practitioner. However, in various African communities, these symptoms are not viewed as manifestations of a medical condition, but rather as stemming from supernatural causes, such as witchcraft or spirit possession. Kapferer (2003) asserts that the belief in witchcraft is found in different geographical locations; such as Africa, Asia, South-Pacific and the Caribbean. Igwe (2004) supplements this by stating that in Nigeria, witchcraft is common amidst all ethnic and religious backgrounds. He further states that the perceptions of people whose culture/religion incorporates witchcraft are affected by a controlling impact of witchcraft. Witchcraft is considered as an „innate power‟ that may be possessed by certain men and women (Eldam, 2003); and further believed to cause epileptic fits, excessive weight gain, death, illness, accidents, infertility and miscarriages (Igwe, 2004). Instead of medical treatments thus, many individuals seek the aid of traditional healers and religious leaders. This study therefore aims to explore the South African traditional healers‟ and Christian ministers‟ perspectives of understanding the aetiology and treatment of epilepsy. This is not only considered essential for broadening the aetiological understanding, but it is also pertinent as it can contribute to indigenisation as hopefully the knowledge can be incorporated into diagnosis and treatments. The study employed the qualitative approach and one-on-one semi-structured interviews with traditional and religious healers were done. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. The transcripts were analysed using thematic content analysis and the researcher reported on themes that were drawn from the data. The findings suggested that epilepsy is understood as manifesting behaviourally through fits, and that as much as there are biological causes, there are also spiritual causes. It was found that where the causes are believed to be spiritual, the treatment is of a spiritual nature and includes but is not limited to interventions such as prayer, traditional ceremonies and/or indications from the ancestors. The implication this understanding poses to comprehensive and integrated mental health treatment in South Africa is made through a discussion of the themes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Masilela, Sonto Precious
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Christianity and culture , Epilepsy -- Pathophysiology Epilepsy -- Psychological aspects Epilepsy -- Treatment Epilepsy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42650 , vital:36677
- Description: The important role that religious and cultural beliefs have on perceptions of and treatment of various medical and psychological conditions cannot be ignored. Certain cultures and religions believe in supernatural forces and their ability to influence one‟s health and well-being. For example, epilepsy, which is a medical condition, has a set of symptoms that if experienced, would result in its diagnosis by a medical practitioner. However, in various African communities, these symptoms are not viewed as manifestations of a medical condition, but rather as stemming from supernatural causes, such as witchcraft or spirit possession. Kapferer (2003) asserts that the belief in witchcraft is found in different geographical locations; such as Africa, Asia, South-Pacific and the Caribbean. Igwe (2004) supplements this by stating that in Nigeria, witchcraft is common amidst all ethnic and religious backgrounds. He further states that the perceptions of people whose culture/religion incorporates witchcraft are affected by a controlling impact of witchcraft. Witchcraft is considered as an „innate power‟ that may be possessed by certain men and women (Eldam, 2003); and further believed to cause epileptic fits, excessive weight gain, death, illness, accidents, infertility and miscarriages (Igwe, 2004). Instead of medical treatments thus, many individuals seek the aid of traditional healers and religious leaders. This study therefore aims to explore the South African traditional healers‟ and Christian ministers‟ perspectives of understanding the aetiology and treatment of epilepsy. This is not only considered essential for broadening the aetiological understanding, but it is also pertinent as it can contribute to indigenisation as hopefully the knowledge can be incorporated into diagnosis and treatments. The study employed the qualitative approach and one-on-one semi-structured interviews with traditional and religious healers were done. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. The transcripts were analysed using thematic content analysis and the researcher reported on themes that were drawn from the data. The findings suggested that epilepsy is understood as manifesting behaviourally through fits, and that as much as there are biological causes, there are also spiritual causes. It was found that where the causes are believed to be spiritual, the treatment is of a spiritual nature and includes but is not limited to interventions such as prayer, traditional ceremonies and/or indications from the ancestors. The implication this understanding poses to comprehensive and integrated mental health treatment in South Africa is made through a discussion of the themes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Retail pharmacists’ perceptions of factors influencing the viability of practice and business in Johannesburg, Gauteng province
- Gazi, Nondumiso Sybil, Knoesen, BC
- Authors: Gazi, Nondumiso Sybil , Knoesen, BC
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Pharmacists -- South Africa -- Johannesburg , Pharmaceutical services -- South Africa -- Johannesburg -- Management Pharmacy management -- South Africa -- Johannesburg
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39774 , vital:35454
- Description: The practice of retail pharmacy has become burdened with service limitations directly or indirectly resulting from influences across the landscape. Influences ranging from legislative bodies to financing bodies have created pressure on retail pharmacies resulting in diminishing numbers of these health establishments. Legislative amendments relating to the ownership of pharmacies, pricing and pharmacy personnel training have had a profound effect on the pharmacy landscape as it presents to date. The dual role, (medicinal procurer and pharmaceutical caregiver), required of retail pharmacists, poses ethical and practical implications. These implications may directly affect the sustainability of retail pharmacy practice. The aim of this study was to establish the ways in which the pharmacy model is changing and how that change has been perceived by retail pharmacists in Johannesburg, Gauteng. The research design was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The method utilised for gathering data was individual interviews with pharmacists practising as independent retail pharmacists. At least six (6) independent pharmacists who met the inclusion criteria were approached to participate in the research. Interviews continued until data saturation had been achieved. Data analysis of the transcribed interviews was performed to identify themes and sub-themes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Gazi, Nondumiso Sybil , Knoesen, BC
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Pharmacists -- South Africa -- Johannesburg , Pharmaceutical services -- South Africa -- Johannesburg -- Management Pharmacy management -- South Africa -- Johannesburg
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/39774 , vital:35454
- Description: The practice of retail pharmacy has become burdened with service limitations directly or indirectly resulting from influences across the landscape. Influences ranging from legislative bodies to financing bodies have created pressure on retail pharmacies resulting in diminishing numbers of these health establishments. Legislative amendments relating to the ownership of pharmacies, pricing and pharmacy personnel training have had a profound effect on the pharmacy landscape as it presents to date. The dual role, (medicinal procurer and pharmaceutical caregiver), required of retail pharmacists, poses ethical and practical implications. These implications may directly affect the sustainability of retail pharmacy practice. The aim of this study was to establish the ways in which the pharmacy model is changing and how that change has been perceived by retail pharmacists in Johannesburg, Gauteng. The research design was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The method utilised for gathering data was individual interviews with pharmacists practising as independent retail pharmacists. At least six (6) independent pharmacists who met the inclusion criteria were approached to participate in the research. Interviews continued until data saturation had been achieved. Data analysis of the transcribed interviews was performed to identify themes and sub-themes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Student counsellors’ utilisation of the wellness questionnaire for higher education in a student counselling centre
- Authors: Smith, Bianca Simone
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Counseling psychology , College students -- Psychological aspects College students -- Mental health Universities and colleges -- Health promotion services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43346 , vital:36860
- Description: Students face a variety of stressors, such as personal, career and/or academic/learning concerns and often seek counselling from student counselling centres at their respective Higher Education institutions. Wellness counselling is aimed at assisting clients to prevent illnesses from developing and to create and maintain healthy lifestyle choices. A wellness counselling model includes a step-by-step approach and one step is to conduct a wellness assessment. Several wellness assessments exist but it was found that the assessments were not applicable for the SA student population, and so the Wellness Questionnaire for Higher Education (WQHE) was developed. As the WQHE is a relatively new assessment, there is not much research that has been conducted, specifically there is no research based on the counselling process following the administration of the assessment. Therefore, this study seeks to explore and describe how counsellors administered and utilised the WQHE as part of the counselling process. The research sample consisted of nine participants who administered the WQHE with their clients. Purposive sampling was the non-probability strategy employed, therefore participants were invited to attend an individual semi-structured interview. The implications of the findings are that the WQHE is a useful and viable assessment to assist clients resolve their difficulties and improve their functioning. The WQHE can be administered to clients who present with a variety of presenting problems. The WQHE can be used effectively alongside a variety of counselling theories/frameworks and other psychometric or self-assessments. The administration of the WQHE in itself was found to be useful as it educated and empowered the clients to understand their wellness levels and to provide them with a holistic view of themselves. Furthermore, the clients felt educated to understand their wellness levels and broaden their understanding of the wellness dimensions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Smith, Bianca Simone
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Counseling psychology , College students -- Psychological aspects College students -- Mental health Universities and colleges -- Health promotion services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43346 , vital:36860
- Description: Students face a variety of stressors, such as personal, career and/or academic/learning concerns and often seek counselling from student counselling centres at their respective Higher Education institutions. Wellness counselling is aimed at assisting clients to prevent illnesses from developing and to create and maintain healthy lifestyle choices. A wellness counselling model includes a step-by-step approach and one step is to conduct a wellness assessment. Several wellness assessments exist but it was found that the assessments were not applicable for the SA student population, and so the Wellness Questionnaire for Higher Education (WQHE) was developed. As the WQHE is a relatively new assessment, there is not much research that has been conducted, specifically there is no research based on the counselling process following the administration of the assessment. Therefore, this study seeks to explore and describe how counsellors administered and utilised the WQHE as part of the counselling process. The research sample consisted of nine participants who administered the WQHE with their clients. Purposive sampling was the non-probability strategy employed, therefore participants were invited to attend an individual semi-structured interview. The implications of the findings are that the WQHE is a useful and viable assessment to assist clients resolve their difficulties and improve their functioning. The WQHE can be administered to clients who present with a variety of presenting problems. The WQHE can be used effectively alongside a variety of counselling theories/frameworks and other psychometric or self-assessments. The administration of the WQHE in itself was found to be useful as it educated and empowered the clients to understand their wellness levels and to provide them with a holistic view of themselves. Furthermore, the clients felt educated to understand their wellness levels and broaden their understanding of the wellness dimensions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Student perceptions of online infidelity
- Authors: Bands, Luke
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Adultery , Online dating Sex -- Social aspects Sex -- Psychological aspects , College students -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42096 , vital:36625
- Description: There has been a large amount of research on infidelity and its effects on relationships. However, a new phenomenon, that of online infidelity, has emerged and with it comes some confusion as to what exactly constitutes an act of infidelity while exploring the limits of cyberspace. While some research has been done internationally on the perceptions of online infidelity, studies conducted in South Africa are lacking. The aim of the present study was to explore and describe student perceptions of online infidelity. Social Constructionism was used as the theoretical framework for the study. A qualitative approach was used and the study was exploratory and descriptive in design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, with the sample size of the study being twelve. Thematic analysis, as outlined by Braun and Clarke, was used in order to analyse the obtained data. Two main themes emerged, namely Defining Online Infidelity, and Reasons Surrounding Perceptions of Online Infidelity. The findings of the present study will provide a better understanding of perceptions of online infidelity within the South African context, and can be used for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Bands, Luke
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Adultery , Online dating Sex -- Social aspects Sex -- Psychological aspects , College students -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42096 , vital:36625
- Description: There has been a large amount of research on infidelity and its effects on relationships. However, a new phenomenon, that of online infidelity, has emerged and with it comes some confusion as to what exactly constitutes an act of infidelity while exploring the limits of cyberspace. While some research has been done internationally on the perceptions of online infidelity, studies conducted in South Africa are lacking. The aim of the present study was to explore and describe student perceptions of online infidelity. Social Constructionism was used as the theoretical framework for the study. A qualitative approach was used and the study was exploratory and descriptive in design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, with the sample size of the study being twelve. Thematic analysis, as outlined by Braun and Clarke, was used in order to analyse the obtained data. Two main themes emerged, namely Defining Online Infidelity, and Reasons Surrounding Perceptions of Online Infidelity. The findings of the present study will provide a better understanding of perceptions of online infidelity within the South African context, and can be used for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Students’ experiences and perceptions of racial prejudice and discrimination on social networking sites
- Authors: Van Graan, Christelle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Online social networks--Psychological aspects , Internet users -- Psychology Cyberspace -- Psychological aspects Racism -- Psychological aspects Social psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44158 , vital:37119
- Description: The present study set out to enhance the understanding of racial prejudice and discrimination on social networking websites or ‘sites’ from the perspective of university students. The research focused on discovering the perceived determinant factors of online racial prejudice and discrimination, as well as the impact social networking sites have on such behaviour. A qualitative research design was selected, which utilised the grounded theory method to explore and describe the experiences and perceptions of the eight participants recruited by means of purposive sampling. The aim of the study was achieved through individual semi-structured interviews and a concept definition questionnaire as data collection tools. The findings were compared to major extant theories and literature to determine whether existing explanations for the occurrence of this online behaviour is sufficient to account for this phenomenon. Using an iterative process of thematic analysis, the findings revealed several perceived factors that contribute to this behaviour. It was found that social networking site users, in all their psychological, psychosocial and cognitive attributes, are the primary source for this behaviour. Moreover, online racial prejudice and discrimination is initiated by the use of these platforms and their facilitative features, which has a perceived negative impact on social and racial relations. Grounded in the research data, an explanatory theory was formulated of individuals’ perceived behaviour on social networking sites, specifically pertaining to racial prejudice and discrimination, as well as to how this negatively manifests and causes racial division in society.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Van Graan, Christelle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Online social networks--Psychological aspects , Internet users -- Psychology Cyberspace -- Psychological aspects Racism -- Psychological aspects Social psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44158 , vital:37119
- Description: The present study set out to enhance the understanding of racial prejudice and discrimination on social networking websites or ‘sites’ from the perspective of university students. The research focused on discovering the perceived determinant factors of online racial prejudice and discrimination, as well as the impact social networking sites have on such behaviour. A qualitative research design was selected, which utilised the grounded theory method to explore and describe the experiences and perceptions of the eight participants recruited by means of purposive sampling. The aim of the study was achieved through individual semi-structured interviews and a concept definition questionnaire as data collection tools. The findings were compared to major extant theories and literature to determine whether existing explanations for the occurrence of this online behaviour is sufficient to account for this phenomenon. Using an iterative process of thematic analysis, the findings revealed several perceived factors that contribute to this behaviour. It was found that social networking site users, in all their psychological, psychosocial and cognitive attributes, are the primary source for this behaviour. Moreover, online racial prejudice and discrimination is initiated by the use of these platforms and their facilitative features, which has a perceived negative impact on social and racial relations. Grounded in the research data, an explanatory theory was formulated of individuals’ perceived behaviour on social networking sites, specifically pertaining to racial prejudice and discrimination, as well as to how this negatively manifests and causes racial division in society.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The experiences of African men who have sex with men and women (MSMW): of navigating sexual identities within the presence of homophobia in KwaZulu-Natal
- Authors: Msweli, Sakhile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Gender identity -- Cross-cultural studies -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Gender identity -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal Bisexuality|xPsychological aspects Homophobia -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal Homosexuality -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41930 , vital:36610
- Description: Research on sexual minority experiences has traditionally documented harrowing accounts of homophobia, harassment, and discrimination. While sexual minority’s experiences are typically imbued with physical, mental and emotional consequences, men who have sex with men and women or, MSMW may be subject to a unique homophobic experience due to their sexual identity Hence, research shows that these men may have to devise strategies to insulate themselves from discrimination and possible physical harm. This study explored how MSMW navigate their sexual identities in the presence of homophobia. The study adopted a social constructionist perspective as a theoretical lens to study these sexual navigations. A qualitative research methodology was utilised. Six male participants from KwaZulu-Natal were sampled using a combination of convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study suggest that MSMW experience forms of homophobic attitudes across different spheres of their lives. As a result, these men may draw from normative gender performances present within their communities, conceal their sexual identity by presenting themselves in heteronormative ways, and limiting disclosure of their sexuality to those closest to them, regardless of the emotional burden they may consequently carry. The findings of the study further point out that more research is needed to further understand sexual minorities’ navigation of their sexual identities in contexts that are not accepting and the social and psychological implications that this has on them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Msweli, Sakhile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Gender identity -- Cross-cultural studies -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal , Gender identity -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal Bisexuality|xPsychological aspects Homophobia -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal Homosexuality -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/41930 , vital:36610
- Description: Research on sexual minority experiences has traditionally documented harrowing accounts of homophobia, harassment, and discrimination. While sexual minority’s experiences are typically imbued with physical, mental and emotional consequences, men who have sex with men and women or, MSMW may be subject to a unique homophobic experience due to their sexual identity Hence, research shows that these men may have to devise strategies to insulate themselves from discrimination and possible physical harm. This study explored how MSMW navigate their sexual identities in the presence of homophobia. The study adopted a social constructionist perspective as a theoretical lens to study these sexual navigations. A qualitative research methodology was utilised. Six male participants from KwaZulu-Natal were sampled using a combination of convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study suggest that MSMW experience forms of homophobic attitudes across different spheres of their lives. As a result, these men may draw from normative gender performances present within their communities, conceal their sexual identity by presenting themselves in heteronormative ways, and limiting disclosure of their sexuality to those closest to them, regardless of the emotional burden they may consequently carry. The findings of the study further point out that more research is needed to further understand sexual minorities’ navigation of their sexual identities in contexts that are not accepting and the social and psychological implications that this has on them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The influence of institutionalised regulations on the emotional wellbeing of non-traditional gender identifying tertiary graduates
- Authors: Lubbe, Maritza
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Gender nonconformity , Transgender people -- Identity Transgender people Transgender youth -- Identity Developmental psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40544 , vital:36181
- Description: Trans* experiences have been and are currently still understood within systems that are inherently heteronormatively inclined and which has produced a system that is ideologically driven by the gender binary. Consequently, societies are not designed to accommodate everyone equally, thus forcing non-traditional gender identifying individuals to grapple and adapt to this sometimes seemingly ignorant world. This grappling and adaptation takes various different forms for different people, and thus it is expected that this would elicit a variety of different consequences for emotional wellbeing. One of the formal institutions that has shown sluggish transformation in terms of gender-based transformation is tertiary educational institutions. Here traditional binaries are rooted everywhere from application form information to bathroom use on campus. This study explored the influence living and working in higher educational institutions have had on the emotional wellbeing of Trans* individuals, who have graduated. Along with an acknowledgement of the inherent complexity of gender identity, Trans* in the context of this study can be understood as shorthand used to refer to individuals who identify as transgender, transsexual, and/or gender non-conforming. This exploration was embarked upon through a qualitative research enquiry into the lived realities of Trans* graduates. Instead of a focus on current Trans* students, this study drew on its sample through gender organisations to recruit participants who are recent graduates and openly identify as Trans*. It was deemed appropriate given that graduates may be able to reflect on their overall tertiary experience. Findings indicated that Trans* graduates experienced significantly lowered levels of emotional wellbeing, which tapped into various components of mental health, while they attended these institutions. These included a negative impact on self-esteem, as well as high levels of depression and other mental health concerns. Themes of exclusion and access to transformational power were also uncovered. It was found that intersections of race and gender also influenced participant’s experiences. It was additionally found that Trans* graduates did not exclusively experience the impact of tertiary education systems as impairing, but rather there was also an acknowledgement of the existing efforts and the potential for these spaces to become more inclusive. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence on Trans* experiences, by highlighting the plight of Trans* individuals within tertiary educational institutions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Lubbe, Maritza
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Gender nonconformity , Transgender people -- Identity Transgender people Transgender youth -- Identity Developmental psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40544 , vital:36181
- Description: Trans* experiences have been and are currently still understood within systems that are inherently heteronormatively inclined and which has produced a system that is ideologically driven by the gender binary. Consequently, societies are not designed to accommodate everyone equally, thus forcing non-traditional gender identifying individuals to grapple and adapt to this sometimes seemingly ignorant world. This grappling and adaptation takes various different forms for different people, and thus it is expected that this would elicit a variety of different consequences for emotional wellbeing. One of the formal institutions that has shown sluggish transformation in terms of gender-based transformation is tertiary educational institutions. Here traditional binaries are rooted everywhere from application form information to bathroom use on campus. This study explored the influence living and working in higher educational institutions have had on the emotional wellbeing of Trans* individuals, who have graduated. Along with an acknowledgement of the inherent complexity of gender identity, Trans* in the context of this study can be understood as shorthand used to refer to individuals who identify as transgender, transsexual, and/or gender non-conforming. This exploration was embarked upon through a qualitative research enquiry into the lived realities of Trans* graduates. Instead of a focus on current Trans* students, this study drew on its sample through gender organisations to recruit participants who are recent graduates and openly identify as Trans*. It was deemed appropriate given that graduates may be able to reflect on their overall tertiary experience. Findings indicated that Trans* graduates experienced significantly lowered levels of emotional wellbeing, which tapped into various components of mental health, while they attended these institutions. These included a negative impact on self-esteem, as well as high levels of depression and other mental health concerns. Themes of exclusion and access to transformational power were also uncovered. It was found that intersections of race and gender also influenced participant’s experiences. It was additionally found that Trans* graduates did not exclusively experience the impact of tertiary education systems as impairing, but rather there was also an acknowledgement of the existing efforts and the potential for these spaces to become more inclusive. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence on Trans* experiences, by highlighting the plight of Trans* individuals within tertiary educational institutions.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The perceived impact of father absence on adolescents’ self-esteem in a rural area in Mpumalanga
- Authors: Mhlongo, Lindokuhle Nqobile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Absentee fathers -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga , Self-esteem in adolescence Self-esteem in children Adolescent psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42390 , vital:36652
- Description: There has been an upsurge in the number of single-parent female headed households which has led to the permanent absence of fathers in the lives of their children. Research has shown that the absence of fathers in the lives of their children can have negative implications for the child. This study aimed to investigate the self-esteem of adolescents from father absent families. The study was motivated by the researcher‟s observation of children from father absent families in the study area and also by the sparse South African literature in relation to the study‟s topic. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a qualitative, explorative-descriptive research design was used and an interpretive paradigm was adopted. A total number of 16 participants between ages 12-18 were recruited through a non-probability purposive sampling method. All the participants stayed in single-parent female headed households and the degree of father absence for these participants varied from fathers who were known by the participant but absent, to fathers who are unknown and absent. Data was collected through the use of one-on-one semi structured interviews that were conducted in the participants‟ home language. The data was analyzed through thematic analysis and Maslow‟s Theory of Motivation was used as a theoretical framework for interpreting the study‟s findings. Negative emotions towards self, feelings of inferiority and feelings of worthlessness were identified amongst the participants and these are indicative of low self-esteem. The participants believed that the absence of their fathers has contributed towards these negative feelings as they went through financial difficulties, abandonment/rejection, had threatened sense of belonging and also went through self- personalization of father absence. Additionally, several protective factors were identified and these enabled the participants to cope with the absence of their fathers. However, some of the participants indicated a positive sense of worth which they attributed mostly to the love they receive from others.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mhlongo, Lindokuhle Nqobile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Absentee fathers -- South Africa -- Mpumalanga , Self-esteem in adolescence Self-esteem in children Adolescent psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42390 , vital:36652
- Description: There has been an upsurge in the number of single-parent female headed households which has led to the permanent absence of fathers in the lives of their children. Research has shown that the absence of fathers in the lives of their children can have negative implications for the child. This study aimed to investigate the self-esteem of adolescents from father absent families. The study was motivated by the researcher‟s observation of children from father absent families in the study area and also by the sparse South African literature in relation to the study‟s topic. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a qualitative, explorative-descriptive research design was used and an interpretive paradigm was adopted. A total number of 16 participants between ages 12-18 were recruited through a non-probability purposive sampling method. All the participants stayed in single-parent female headed households and the degree of father absence for these participants varied from fathers who were known by the participant but absent, to fathers who are unknown and absent. Data was collected through the use of one-on-one semi structured interviews that were conducted in the participants‟ home language. The data was analyzed through thematic analysis and Maslow‟s Theory of Motivation was used as a theoretical framework for interpreting the study‟s findings. Negative emotions towards self, feelings of inferiority and feelings of worthlessness were identified amongst the participants and these are indicative of low self-esteem. The participants believed that the absence of their fathers has contributed towards these negative feelings as they went through financial difficulties, abandonment/rejection, had threatened sense of belonging and also went through self- personalization of father absence. Additionally, several protective factors were identified and these enabled the participants to cope with the absence of their fathers. However, some of the participants indicated a positive sense of worth which they attributed mostly to the love they receive from others.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The posttraumatic growth of Oprah Winfrey: a psychobiography
- Authors: Oosthuysen, Yolandé
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Winfrey, Oprah , Posttraumatic growth Psychology -- Biographical methods , Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Patients -- Rehabilitation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43115 , vital:36737
- Description: Posttraumatic growth is a unique outcome of trauma that is relatively new to empirical investigation and not yet fully understood. Psychobiographies provide a valuable method to interpret and evaluate the applicability of psychological theories, such as posttraumatic growth. This study explored the unique manifestation of posttraumatic growth in the life of Oprah Winfrey. An exploratory-descriptive design was employed to examine the life history of Winfrey. She was selected through purposive sampling, based on her traumatic life history and extraordinary success in the television industry. Primary and secondary sources of biographical and historical data were used during the process of data collection. The data was processed according to Alexander’s data analysis method in conjunction with an analytic framework to organise the data. To maintain ethical principles, the researcher was guided by respect, empathy and accountability in dealing with any personal information regarding Winfrey. The findings demonstrated the occurrence of all five factors of the posttraumatic growth model, proposed by Calhoun and Tedeschi, in Winfrey’s life. The order of these factors, according to a number of identified instances in the data, matched the order of variance percentages per factor identified by Tedeschi and Calhoun. The analysis of PTG in the life of Winfrey, according to the PTG theoretical model, indicates the applicability and value of the model to interpret positive change as it manifests in the lives of individuals after trauma.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Oosthuysen, Yolandé
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Winfrey, Oprah , Posttraumatic growth Psychology -- Biographical methods , Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Patients -- Rehabilitation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43115 , vital:36737
- Description: Posttraumatic growth is a unique outcome of trauma that is relatively new to empirical investigation and not yet fully understood. Psychobiographies provide a valuable method to interpret and evaluate the applicability of psychological theories, such as posttraumatic growth. This study explored the unique manifestation of posttraumatic growth in the life of Oprah Winfrey. An exploratory-descriptive design was employed to examine the life history of Winfrey. She was selected through purposive sampling, based on her traumatic life history and extraordinary success in the television industry. Primary and secondary sources of biographical and historical data were used during the process of data collection. The data was processed according to Alexander’s data analysis method in conjunction with an analytic framework to organise the data. To maintain ethical principles, the researcher was guided by respect, empathy and accountability in dealing with any personal information regarding Winfrey. The findings demonstrated the occurrence of all five factors of the posttraumatic growth model, proposed by Calhoun and Tedeschi, in Winfrey’s life. The order of these factors, according to a number of identified instances in the data, matched the order of variance percentages per factor identified by Tedeschi and Calhoun. The analysis of PTG in the life of Winfrey, according to the PTG theoretical model, indicates the applicability and value of the model to interpret positive change as it manifests in the lives of individuals after trauma.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The psychological sequelae of the impact of violence perpetrated against men in intimate partner relationships: A systematic review
- Authors: Warmington, Meagan Patricia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Intimate partner violence -- South Africa , Gender based Violence -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45646 , vital:38923
- Description: Men who are victims of intimate partner violence seem to be largely ignored in research and literature. This in part is linked to the perception of men as perpetrators, rather than as victims of violence. While intimate partner violence has been studied extensively across the world, through a number of disciplines, there appears to be a glaring gap in the literature. Men who are victims of intimate partner violence may experience the emotional and psychological consequences of violence differently, given the factors influencing the role of men in society. The resulting shame, guilt and even rejection may be factors explaining why these cases of violence are underreported. This research used a systematic review methodology and data was collected through online databases. Significant thematic findings identified included 1) the impact of stigma, 2) misrepresentation of the article content focus, and 3) the lack of awareness surrounding the act of male abuse within intimate partner relationships. The study findings suggested that male victims of intimate partner violence are likely to experience the psychological and emotional experiences that follow the experience. Further insight was given regarding the need to develop interventions that take into account the required social, psychological and emotional needs of men in violent intimate partner relationships.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Warmington, Meagan Patricia
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Intimate partner violence -- South Africa , Gender based Violence -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45646 , vital:38923
- Description: Men who are victims of intimate partner violence seem to be largely ignored in research and literature. This in part is linked to the perception of men as perpetrators, rather than as victims of violence. While intimate partner violence has been studied extensively across the world, through a number of disciplines, there appears to be a glaring gap in the literature. Men who are victims of intimate partner violence may experience the emotional and psychological consequences of violence differently, given the factors influencing the role of men in society. The resulting shame, guilt and even rejection may be factors explaining why these cases of violence are underreported. This research used a systematic review methodology and data was collected through online databases. Significant thematic findings identified included 1) the impact of stigma, 2) misrepresentation of the article content focus, and 3) the lack of awareness surrounding the act of male abuse within intimate partner relationships. The study findings suggested that male victims of intimate partner violence are likely to experience the psychological and emotional experiences that follow the experience. Further insight was given regarding the need to develop interventions that take into account the required social, psychological and emotional needs of men in violent intimate partner relationships.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The relationship between exposure to traumatised complainants and secondary traumatic stress among police detective officers
- Authors: Vilakazi, Julias Makhosonke
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Police -- Job stress -- South africa , Traumatic shock -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45668 , vital:38925
- Description: South Africa is faced with high incidents of sexual violence and abuse, affecting a large part of the population either directly or indirectly.Previous studies have shown that a contact with victims of violent crime may cause psychological symptoms of Secondary traumatic Stress (STS) in police officers. Despite this knowledge, there appears to be a lack of studies that focus specifically on police detective officers (PDOs) in South Africa. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to traumatic complainants and STS among PDOs in the SAPS-FCS unit. Findings: The results have shown that most of the PDOs were exposed to traumatised complainants as they often conduct investigation, testify in court, escort complainants for biopsychosocial services and collect evidence from both complainants and perpetrators. The study further found that most PDOs were experiencing a degree of STS symptoms. Additionally, no significant statistical relationship was found between exposure to traumatised complainants and STS. Nonetheless, there is a statistically significant relationship between type of crimes and STS among PDOs in the SAPS-FCS unit. This study sheds light on how the PDOs are indirectly affected by the crimes experienced by complainants’, such as indecent assault and child molestation. This research can be used as a platform for the development of various interventions with police officials exposed to or affected by indirectly trauma. Future research should investigate other pivotal risks and protective factors such as environmental factors and personal factors that may have impacted on the development of STS in the PDOs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Vilakazi, Julias Makhosonke
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Police -- Job stress -- South africa , Traumatic shock -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45668 , vital:38925
- Description: South Africa is faced with high incidents of sexual violence and abuse, affecting a large part of the population either directly or indirectly.Previous studies have shown that a contact with victims of violent crime may cause psychological symptoms of Secondary traumatic Stress (STS) in police officers. Despite this knowledge, there appears to be a lack of studies that focus specifically on police detective officers (PDOs) in South Africa. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to traumatic complainants and STS among PDOs in the SAPS-FCS unit. Findings: The results have shown that most of the PDOs were exposed to traumatised complainants as they often conduct investigation, testify in court, escort complainants for biopsychosocial services and collect evidence from both complainants and perpetrators. The study further found that most PDOs were experiencing a degree of STS symptoms. Additionally, no significant statistical relationship was found between exposure to traumatised complainants and STS. Nonetheless, there is a statistically significant relationship between type of crimes and STS among PDOs in the SAPS-FCS unit. This study sheds light on how the PDOs are indirectly affected by the crimes experienced by complainants’, such as indecent assault and child molestation. This research can be used as a platform for the development of various interventions with police officials exposed to or affected by indirectly trauma. Future research should investigate other pivotal risks and protective factors such as environmental factors and personal factors that may have impacted on the development of STS in the PDOs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The relationship between Millon’s personality styles and the secondary traumatic stress beliefs of trauma counsellors
- Authors: Rossouw, Gwynneth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Treatment , Psychic trauma -- Treatment Personality assessment Stress (Psychology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43545 , vital:36917
- Description: The research aim of this study was to explore and describe the relationship between Millon’s personality styles and the secondary traumatic stress beliefs experienced by trauma counsellors. An exploratory-descriptive design was employed to collect the quantitative data by means of a biographical questionnaire, Millon’s Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (3rd Edition) (MCMI-III) and the Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale (TABS). Purposive sampling was used to select the participants from 22 organisations spread across the Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage and Cape Town geographical areas. A total number of 98 participants completed the MCMI-III and the TABS. The data were analysed using descriptive and correlational statistics. It was found that the relationship between many of the MCMI-III scales and the TABS was significant. The majority of the participants responded positively to the study as it made them more aware of their emotions. Certain conclusions and recommendations were made based on the findings of the study. The results for our sample showed that there is a strong and positive relationship between Millon’s personality styles and the secondary traumatic stress beliefs of trauma counsellors, which was found to be both practically and statistically significant. The use of discriminant analysis provided better prediction for this study as it enables better prediction on which personality type is more prone to develop STS in future. This is a study of limited scope and the participants were selected from counsellors working with victims of trauma. Furthermore, it would be useful for future research to investigate if demographic variables such as: age, gender, level of education, level of experience and the number of working hours with trauma could have an impact on developing STS.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Rossouw, Gwynneth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Treatment , Psychic trauma -- Treatment Personality assessment Stress (Psychology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43545 , vital:36917
- Description: The research aim of this study was to explore and describe the relationship between Millon’s personality styles and the secondary traumatic stress beliefs experienced by trauma counsellors. An exploratory-descriptive design was employed to collect the quantitative data by means of a biographical questionnaire, Millon’s Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (3rd Edition) (MCMI-III) and the Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale (TABS). Purposive sampling was used to select the participants from 22 organisations spread across the Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage and Cape Town geographical areas. A total number of 98 participants completed the MCMI-III and the TABS. The data were analysed using descriptive and correlational statistics. It was found that the relationship between many of the MCMI-III scales and the TABS was significant. The majority of the participants responded positively to the study as it made them more aware of their emotions. Certain conclusions and recommendations were made based on the findings of the study. The results for our sample showed that there is a strong and positive relationship between Millon’s personality styles and the secondary traumatic stress beliefs of trauma counsellors, which was found to be both practically and statistically significant. The use of discriminant analysis provided better prediction for this study as it enables better prediction on which personality type is more prone to develop STS in future. This is a study of limited scope and the participants were selected from counsellors working with victims of trauma. Furthermore, it would be useful for future research to investigate if demographic variables such as: age, gender, level of education, level of experience and the number of working hours with trauma could have an impact on developing STS.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The social construction of a racial identity on social media sites: a narrative inquiry
- Authors: van Vught, Chandré
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction of Racial Identity , Colored people (South Africa) -- Psychological aspects Internet users -- Psychology Cyberspace -- Psychological aspects Social psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44169 , vital:37122
- Description: The present study aimed to enhance the understanding of the social construction of Coloured identity on social media sites from the perspective of individuals who identify themselves as Coloured. Furthermore, the study explored how the participants’ engagement on social media sites influenced the construction of their online identities. A qualitative research approach was utilised with narrative inquiry as the research design to explore the perceptions that the participants held about identity, and in particular about Coloured identity. The aim of the study was achieved as six participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. The data collection method was individual semi-structured interviews, with the exception of one interview conducted with two participants. The findings were conceptualised according to credible literature sources and theories. Through the process of thematic analysis, the research yielded valuable findings. The study found that there was strong objection by one participant and ambivalence by other participants about the use of the term Coloured, and its association with identity due to the derogatory associations which stems from its origin. It was found that social media users who identify themselves as Coloured construct their online identities in such a way that it is consistent with their narration of their offline identities. Moreover, minimal importance was placed on racial identity online, as well as offline. However, the participants acknowledged that Coloured identity had predominantly been portrayed in accordance with negative stereotypes. The negative portrayals of Coloured identity were challenged, as these portrayals were not truthful to how the participants were socialised. Furthermore, there was a consensus among the participants that dominant narratives about Coloured identity must be de-constructed and re-constructed. As a social justice study, the present study challenged dominant constructs about Coloured identity in South Africa and is thus able to contribute towards heritage studies in vi South Africa. The significance of heritage studies in South Africa is paramount, as identity and heritage are interlinked. The study created meaning about the participants’ online identities, and thus created meaning of who they are on their social media platforms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: van Vught, Chandré
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Construction of Racial Identity , Colored people (South Africa) -- Psychological aspects Internet users -- Psychology Cyberspace -- Psychological aspects Social psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44169 , vital:37122
- Description: The present study aimed to enhance the understanding of the social construction of Coloured identity on social media sites from the perspective of individuals who identify themselves as Coloured. Furthermore, the study explored how the participants’ engagement on social media sites influenced the construction of their online identities. A qualitative research approach was utilised with narrative inquiry as the research design to explore the perceptions that the participants held about identity, and in particular about Coloured identity. The aim of the study was achieved as six participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. The data collection method was individual semi-structured interviews, with the exception of one interview conducted with two participants. The findings were conceptualised according to credible literature sources and theories. Through the process of thematic analysis, the research yielded valuable findings. The study found that there was strong objection by one participant and ambivalence by other participants about the use of the term Coloured, and its association with identity due to the derogatory associations which stems from its origin. It was found that social media users who identify themselves as Coloured construct their online identities in such a way that it is consistent with their narration of their offline identities. Moreover, minimal importance was placed on racial identity online, as well as offline. However, the participants acknowledged that Coloured identity had predominantly been portrayed in accordance with negative stereotypes. The negative portrayals of Coloured identity were challenged, as these portrayals were not truthful to how the participants were socialised. Furthermore, there was a consensus among the participants that dominant narratives about Coloured identity must be de-constructed and re-constructed. As a social justice study, the present study challenged dominant constructs about Coloured identity in South Africa and is thus able to contribute towards heritage studies in vi South Africa. The significance of heritage studies in South Africa is paramount, as identity and heritage are interlinked. The study created meaning about the participants’ online identities, and thus created meaning of who they are on their social media platforms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Unaccompanied refugee children's experiences in migration to South Africa
- Nthako, Matsedeso Emily Delle
- Authors: Nthako, Matsedeso Emily Delle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Refugee children -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects , Refugee children -- South Africa -- Social conditions Emigration and immigration -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42738 , vital:36686
- Description: An increasing number of children from countries as far as Zimbabwe, Somalia, Democratic of Congo are migrating across South African's borders in the absence of their parents, relatives or care givers. Such children face a myraid of life-threatening experiences that are different from those of adult refugees in migration. While a great deal of research covered the experiences of adult refugees, those unaccompanied refugee children generally understudied. Valuable lessons can be derived from conducting studies to gain insight into their subjective experiences. This study explores and describes psychological experiences of URC in migration to South Africa. This is a qualitative study that follows an exploratory-descriptive research design. Purposive non-probability selection of participants. Data collection is derived from individual, semi-structured interviews and is analysed using thematic analysis. The findings are an exploration of the URC's experiences include detaching from the environment, family separation and loss, psychological challenges and coping mechanisms dealing with the inner being and children's perceptions of migration.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Nthako, Matsedeso Emily Delle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Refugee children -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects , Refugee children -- South Africa -- Social conditions Emigration and immigration -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42738 , vital:36686
- Description: An increasing number of children from countries as far as Zimbabwe, Somalia, Democratic of Congo are migrating across South African's borders in the absence of their parents, relatives or care givers. Such children face a myraid of life-threatening experiences that are different from those of adult refugees in migration. While a great deal of research covered the experiences of adult refugees, those unaccompanied refugee children generally understudied. Valuable lessons can be derived from conducting studies to gain insight into their subjective experiences. This study explores and describes psychological experiences of URC in migration to South Africa. This is a qualitative study that follows an exploratory-descriptive research design. Purposive non-probability selection of participants. Data collection is derived from individual, semi-structured interviews and is analysed using thematic analysis. The findings are an exploration of the URC's experiences include detaching from the environment, family separation and loss, psychological challenges and coping mechanisms dealing with the inner being and children's perceptions of migration.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2019
Understanding rape perpetration: social origins and enactment
- Authors: Malahle, Bongani
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rape -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa , Sex crimes -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa Women -- Crimes against -- South Africa Cognitive therapy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40834 , vital:36241
- Description: In South Africa rates of rape perpetration remain high despite efforts to prevent such violence. Globally, violence (including rape perpetration) has been declared a public health concern by governments and policy makers. This provided impetus for large epidemiological studies that has documented a number of risk factors for perpetration. However, despite these efforts, there are still large gaps in our understanding of rape perpetration, because studies often focus on risk factors rather than the dynamics of rape perpetration. Despite the significant quantitative descriptions of perpetration, there are still aspects which are not well understood, such as the interplay of social constructions and other factors during the actual act of perpetration. It has been suggested that rape can only be understood by engaging perpetrators and that such investigations can inform positive interventions in dealing with rape perpetration. The present study explored and described the origins of reasons for perpetration (subjective meanings and social constructs) and how these reasons interplay with other factors during the enactment of rape in South Africa. The data was purposively collected from seven incarcerated rape perpetrators from a correctional facility close to a major metropolitan area using semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Social Cognitive Learning Theory was used as the main theoretical framework to contextualise the results. Some of the findings in the present study include solipsism and sexual solipsism as reasons, patriarchy and hegemonic masculinity as influential in the social origins, and moral dysregulation as a one of the tools to effect enactment of rape perpetration. Some of the recommendations include employing more psychological workers in the primary health care sector. Furthermore, continued engagement of males by NGO’s, NPO’s, school-based programmes, and community activism to combat the narratives that lead to moral disengagement is recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Malahle, Bongani
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rape -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa , Sex crimes -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa Women -- Crimes against -- South Africa Cognitive therapy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40834 , vital:36241
- Description: In South Africa rates of rape perpetration remain high despite efforts to prevent such violence. Globally, violence (including rape perpetration) has been declared a public health concern by governments and policy makers. This provided impetus for large epidemiological studies that has documented a number of risk factors for perpetration. However, despite these efforts, there are still large gaps in our understanding of rape perpetration, because studies often focus on risk factors rather than the dynamics of rape perpetration. Despite the significant quantitative descriptions of perpetration, there are still aspects which are not well understood, such as the interplay of social constructions and other factors during the actual act of perpetration. It has been suggested that rape can only be understood by engaging perpetrators and that such investigations can inform positive interventions in dealing with rape perpetration. The present study explored and described the origins of reasons for perpetration (subjective meanings and social constructs) and how these reasons interplay with other factors during the enactment of rape in South Africa. The data was purposively collected from seven incarcerated rape perpetrators from a correctional facility close to a major metropolitan area using semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Social Cognitive Learning Theory was used as the main theoretical framework to contextualise the results. Some of the findings in the present study include solipsism and sexual solipsism as reasons, patriarchy and hegemonic masculinity as influential in the social origins, and moral dysregulation as a one of the tools to effect enactment of rape perpetration. Some of the recommendations include employing more psychological workers in the primary health care sector. Furthermore, continued engagement of males by NGO’s, NPO’s, school-based programmes, and community activism to combat the narratives that lead to moral disengagement is recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Young adults’ experiences and coping strategies following the termination of a significant romantic online relationship
- Authors: Seselinyane, Lineo Dorah
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Online dating , Love -- Computer network resources Man-woman relationships -- Computer network resources Mate selection -- Computer network resources Dating (Social customs) -- Computer network resources Man-woman relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43390 , vital:36871
- Description: The Internet has made it feasible for people to establish and maintain romantic relationships online. Research findings indicate that high levels of intimacy are often experienced online, and individuals find these relationships to be meaningful, with high levels of relationship satisfaction reported. Some of these online romantic relationships are, however, terminated at some stage, leading to a painful experience. Limited research has been conducted on the experience of terminated online romantic relationships and coping strategies employed. The primary aim of this study was therefore to explore and describe young adults’ experiences and coping strategies following the termination of a significant online romantic relationship. Lazarus and Folkman’s psychological stress and coping theory and relevant literature were utilised to conceptualise the study. A qualitative approach was employed in order to meet the aim of the study. The study utilised purposive and snowball sampling. The participants included nine undergraduate students at Nelson Mandela University and one working adult, all of whom met the inclusion criteria. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, and the collected data was analysed using thematic analysis. Based on the findings of the study, the experience of a terminated online romantic relationship has an adverse impact on individuals’ overall functioning. However, there seem to be coping strategies that are effective in overcoming the turmoil caused by online romantic relationship termination. This study has therefore generated an understanding of young adults’ experiences and coping strategies following the termination of a significant online romantic relationship.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Seselinyane, Lineo Dorah
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Online dating , Love -- Computer network resources Man-woman relationships -- Computer network resources Mate selection -- Computer network resources Dating (Social customs) -- Computer network resources Man-woman relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43390 , vital:36871
- Description: The Internet has made it feasible for people to establish and maintain romantic relationships online. Research findings indicate that high levels of intimacy are often experienced online, and individuals find these relationships to be meaningful, with high levels of relationship satisfaction reported. Some of these online romantic relationships are, however, terminated at some stage, leading to a painful experience. Limited research has been conducted on the experience of terminated online romantic relationships and coping strategies employed. The primary aim of this study was therefore to explore and describe young adults’ experiences and coping strategies following the termination of a significant online romantic relationship. Lazarus and Folkman’s psychological stress and coping theory and relevant literature were utilised to conceptualise the study. A qualitative approach was employed in order to meet the aim of the study. The study utilised purposive and snowball sampling. The participants included nine undergraduate students at Nelson Mandela University and one working adult, all of whom met the inclusion criteria. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, and the collected data was analysed using thematic analysis. Based on the findings of the study, the experience of a terminated online romantic relationship has an adverse impact on individuals’ overall functioning. However, there seem to be coping strategies that are effective in overcoming the turmoil caused by online romantic relationship termination. This study has therefore generated an understanding of young adults’ experiences and coping strategies following the termination of a significant online romantic relationship.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019