Land reform and livelihood among subsistence farmers in Great Kei local municipality, South Africa
- Authors: Bani, Tida Witness
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Land reform Subsistence farming Sustainable development
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12870 , vital:39386
- Description: Land reform, as enshrined in the constitution of the Republic of South Africa, aims to foster conditions which enable citizens to gain access to land on equitable basis. Section 25(6) of the constitution states that ‘a person or community whose tenure of land is legally insecure as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practice is entitled, to the extent provided by an Act of Parliament, either to tenure, which is legally secure, or comparable redress. In addition, section 25(7) states that a person or community dispossessed of property after 19 June 1913 as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices is entitled to the extent provided by an Act of Parliament, either to restitution of that property or to equitable redress. Within this context, this study assessed the impact of land reform on the livelihoods of subsistence farmers in Great Kei Local Municipality. The study adopted a qualitative approach in order to get an in-depth understanding of the farming activities of land reform beneficiaries, the contribution of farming activities to agro-based sustainable livelihoods and the general challenges faced by subsistence farmers. The sample comprised of thirty (30) farmers, two focus group discussions which comprised of six (6) farmers each and five key informants from the Department of Rural development and Agrarian Reform, a councillor and a community leader from the local municipality. The study found that most farmers who were allocated land were from different disadvantaged backgrounds. Many of the farmers came from farming backgrounds hence they had the requisite skills and knowledge. Those with relatively limited knowledge and skills were technically supported and subsequently improved their production and livelihoods. Those farmers that were trained in various farming aspects did well as they improved production. However, it was found that those farmers that did not receive training and adequate support yielded negative results in both crop and animal production. Drought has been another major contributor in the decline of the production. It was also found that the post settlement grants, such as Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme and Recapitalization and Agricultural Development, are not enough and regular for infrastructural development on the farms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Bani, Tida Witness
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Land reform Subsistence farming Sustainable development
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12870 , vital:39386
- Description: Land reform, as enshrined in the constitution of the Republic of South Africa, aims to foster conditions which enable citizens to gain access to land on equitable basis. Section 25(6) of the constitution states that ‘a person or community whose tenure of land is legally insecure as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practice is entitled, to the extent provided by an Act of Parliament, either to tenure, which is legally secure, or comparable redress. In addition, section 25(7) states that a person or community dispossessed of property after 19 June 1913 as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices is entitled to the extent provided by an Act of Parliament, either to restitution of that property or to equitable redress. Within this context, this study assessed the impact of land reform on the livelihoods of subsistence farmers in Great Kei Local Municipality. The study adopted a qualitative approach in order to get an in-depth understanding of the farming activities of land reform beneficiaries, the contribution of farming activities to agro-based sustainable livelihoods and the general challenges faced by subsistence farmers. The sample comprised of thirty (30) farmers, two focus group discussions which comprised of six (6) farmers each and five key informants from the Department of Rural development and Agrarian Reform, a councillor and a community leader from the local municipality. The study found that most farmers who were allocated land were from different disadvantaged backgrounds. Many of the farmers came from farming backgrounds hence they had the requisite skills and knowledge. Those with relatively limited knowledge and skills were technically supported and subsequently improved their production and livelihoods. Those farmers that were trained in various farming aspects did well as they improved production. However, it was found that those farmers that did not receive training and adequate support yielded negative results in both crop and animal production. Drought has been another major contributor in the decline of the production. It was also found that the post settlement grants, such as Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme and Recapitalization and Agricultural Development, are not enough and regular for infrastructural development on the farms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Newspaper coverage of the 2016 #feesmustfall students' protests in Eastern Cape universities : a content analysis of daily dispatch
- Ayodeji-Falade, Monisola Bolajoko
- Authors: Ayodeji-Falade, Monisola Bolajoko
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Journalism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Mass media -- Political aspects -- South Africa Press -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Communication
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9894 , vital:35115
- Description: This study evaluated the coverage of the 2016 #FeeMustFall students’ protests in Eastern Cape Universities by the Daily Dispatch, which is a daily newspaper published in the Eastern Cape Province. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative data were collected and analyzed through content analysis of the Daily Dispatch Newspaper while the qualitative data collected through focus group discussions among selected students of the University of Fort Hare were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that 31 stories were published by the Daily Dispatch Newspaper during the period of the protest. The tone of the stories suggested that the Daily Dispatch Newspaper was objective in its reportage. Furthermore, framing analysis of the stories showed that conflict news frame was most prominent in the #FeeMustFall students’ protest stories followed by the attribution of responsibility and human-interest frames. Thematic analysis of the focus group discussions revealed that the type of news frame used for the #FeeMustFall student’s protest stories influenced the thoughts and perceptions of readers as the news frames generated similar audience frames. These findings confirm the views highlighted by the agenda setting and framing theories, which underpin this study. This study indicates that news framing plays a significant role in readers’ perception and as well, defines the way information is presented by readers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Ayodeji-Falade, Monisola Bolajoko
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Journalism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Mass media -- Political aspects -- South Africa Press -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Communication
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9894 , vital:35115
- Description: This study evaluated the coverage of the 2016 #FeeMustFall students’ protests in Eastern Cape Universities by the Daily Dispatch, which is a daily newspaper published in the Eastern Cape Province. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative data were collected and analyzed through content analysis of the Daily Dispatch Newspaper while the qualitative data collected through focus group discussions among selected students of the University of Fort Hare were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that 31 stories were published by the Daily Dispatch Newspaper during the period of the protest. The tone of the stories suggested that the Daily Dispatch Newspaper was objective in its reportage. Furthermore, framing analysis of the stories showed that conflict news frame was most prominent in the #FeeMustFall students’ protest stories followed by the attribution of responsibility and human-interest frames. Thematic analysis of the focus group discussions revealed that the type of news frame used for the #FeeMustFall student’s protest stories influenced the thoughts and perceptions of readers as the news frames generated similar audience frames. These findings confirm the views highlighted by the agenda setting and framing theories, which underpin this study. This study indicates that news framing plays a significant role in readers’ perception and as well, defines the way information is presented by readers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Participatory development communication and the sustainability of poverty alleviation projects in Lesotho : a case of Lifajaneng
- Authors: Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Communication in economic development Communication in rural development Economic assistance, Domestic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10244 , vital:35384
- Description: This study aimed at assessing the impact of communication on the sustainability of poverty alleviation programmes established for selected beneficiaries in the rural community of Lifajaneng. This is conducted with the purpose of understanding how the Mafeteng community engages in the poverty alleviation projects carried out within their area of residence, so as to encourage more commitment in participation. The conceptual framework for this study is the empowerment approach and the study is informed by two theories; the participatory communication theory and the diffusion of innovation theory. The study employed the mixed method approach to gather and analyze the data; that is using questionnaires, focus group discussions and face to face interviews to solicit for information from project participants and project managers. The quantitative data was presented and analyzed through charts and graphs buttressed with themes that emerged in the qualitative data. The study revealed that the sustainability of the poverty alleviation projects remains questionable due to a number of challenges. The results reflect that communities are more comfortable when the mother language (Sesotho) is used predominantly as the medium of communication. The results also reflected that meetings had a higher attendance rate if called for by local leaders through word of mouth followed by communications done telephonically. Mainstream media such as radio and newspapers were the least effective when mobilizing the communities for meetings related to the poverty alleviation projects in the poor community. The study also unfolded the following issues; lack of full participation and commitment of the beneficiaries, inadequate funding to allow sufficient training of the beneficiaries. This is because the funds had some strings attached and the beneficiaries had their own expectations of the funds, therefore the objectives and the limits of the funder did not match the objectives and the limitations of the beneficiaries. Hence, the end results are lack of motivation for the beneficiaries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Ntobo-Letsie, Hlompho
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Communication in economic development Communication in rural development Economic assistance, Domestic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10244 , vital:35384
- Description: This study aimed at assessing the impact of communication on the sustainability of poverty alleviation programmes established for selected beneficiaries in the rural community of Lifajaneng. This is conducted with the purpose of understanding how the Mafeteng community engages in the poverty alleviation projects carried out within their area of residence, so as to encourage more commitment in participation. The conceptual framework for this study is the empowerment approach and the study is informed by two theories; the participatory communication theory and the diffusion of innovation theory. The study employed the mixed method approach to gather and analyze the data; that is using questionnaires, focus group discussions and face to face interviews to solicit for information from project participants and project managers. The quantitative data was presented and analyzed through charts and graphs buttressed with themes that emerged in the qualitative data. The study revealed that the sustainability of the poverty alleviation projects remains questionable due to a number of challenges. The results reflect that communities are more comfortable when the mother language (Sesotho) is used predominantly as the medium of communication. The results also reflected that meetings had a higher attendance rate if called for by local leaders through word of mouth followed by communications done telephonically. Mainstream media such as radio and newspapers were the least effective when mobilizing the communities for meetings related to the poverty alleviation projects in the poor community. The study also unfolded the following issues; lack of full participation and commitment of the beneficiaries, inadequate funding to allow sufficient training of the beneficiaries. This is because the funds had some strings attached and the beneficiaries had their own expectations of the funds, therefore the objectives and the limits of the funder did not match the objectives and the limitations of the beneficiaries. Hence, the end results are lack of motivation for the beneficiaries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Partnerships and silos in municipal development : a study of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM)
- Authors: Siqoko, Kolisa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Public-private sector cooperation Local government Municipal services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Rural Development
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16124 , vital:40668
- Description: Infrastructural deficit-non-existent or derelict- especially at municipal level is a major challenge in post 1994 South Africa. The inability of municipalities to develop new infrastructure or maintain existing ones, such as roads, portable water facilities, drainage and refuse collection facilities, has often resulted to social unrest and associated economic hardship for citizens. While the municipal governments have usually blamed budgetary constraints for their infrastructural dilemma, there is yet no clear sustainable plan towards a multi-actor approach as a way of leveraging stakeholder resources to solve this nagging problem. In Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), the local government seems to maintain a ‘hierachist’ and exclusivist role in infrastructural provisioning even though the Metro boasts of a pool of vibrant stakeholders – private sector, universities and non-governmental organisations. This study, therefore, examines the development model adopted by BCMM in its infrastructural development program, and also explores the extent to which this model has included or excluded other stakeholders in the city. The main aim of the study is to explore the resource capacity of different actors in the manucipality, and how these resources intersect with the infrastructural development program of the Metro Municipality. An insight into the findings reveals a ‘dis-configured relationship’ among the stakeholders which manifests in lack of stakeholder engagement among actors in project implementation, while at the same time maintaining a level of engagement in policy design for the purposes of validation. The study adopts a qualitative research design. It also draws on cultural theory of plural rationality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Siqoko, Kolisa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Public-private sector cooperation Local government Municipal services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Rural Development
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16124 , vital:40668
- Description: Infrastructural deficit-non-existent or derelict- especially at municipal level is a major challenge in post 1994 South Africa. The inability of municipalities to develop new infrastructure or maintain existing ones, such as roads, portable water facilities, drainage and refuse collection facilities, has often resulted to social unrest and associated economic hardship for citizens. While the municipal governments have usually blamed budgetary constraints for their infrastructural dilemma, there is yet no clear sustainable plan towards a multi-actor approach as a way of leveraging stakeholder resources to solve this nagging problem. In Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), the local government seems to maintain a ‘hierachist’ and exclusivist role in infrastructural provisioning even though the Metro boasts of a pool of vibrant stakeholders – private sector, universities and non-governmental organisations. This study, therefore, examines the development model adopted by BCMM in its infrastructural development program, and also explores the extent to which this model has included or excluded other stakeholders in the city. The main aim of the study is to explore the resource capacity of different actors in the manucipality, and how these resources intersect with the infrastructural development program of the Metro Municipality. An insight into the findings reveals a ‘dis-configured relationship’ among the stakeholders which manifests in lack of stakeholder engagement among actors in project implementation, while at the same time maintaining a level of engagement in policy design for the purposes of validation. The study adopts a qualitative research design. It also draws on cultural theory of plural rationality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Perceptions of ex-offenders regarding re-integration into their communities : case study of Engcobo Local Municipality (Eastern Cape Province)
- Authors: Jobela, Zizo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Criminals -- Rehabilitation Ex-convicts -- Rehabilitation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Social work with criminals -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Criminology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10486 , vital:35493
- Description: This research study is based on exploring perception of ex-offenders regarding reintegration back to their communities. This was accomplished by means of collecting data from Engcobo Local Municipality ex-offenders. The aim was to find out whether do ex-offenders welcomed in their communities or not, and what might be the challenges they encounter if they are not welcomed. The research considered the fundamental understanding of ex-offender discrimination and labeling including the role of Department of Correctional Services in supporting the reintegration of ex-offenders. The issue of criminal record as a barrier to employment for ex-offenders was also taken into consideration as the base to recidivism. Labeling theory is used in the study as to support the notion to why people engage themselves fully into criminal behavior and how it leads to one obtaining a criminal record. The finding about the study stipulated that ex-offenders are faced with enormous challenges during re-entry into their communities hence they bounce back to correctional centers time and again. Recommendation for the study to different stakeholders has been also discussed.This research study is based on exploring perception of ex-offenders regarding reintegration back to their communities. This was accomplished by means of collecting data from Engcobo Local Municipality ex-offenders. The aim was to find out whether do ex-offenders welcomed in their communities or not, and what might be the challenges they encounter if they are not welcomed. The research considered the fundamental understanding of ex-offender discrimination and labeling including the role of Department of Correctional Services in supporting the reintegration of ex-offenders. The issue of criminal record as a barrier to employment for ex-offenders was also taken into consideration as the base to recidivism. Labeling theory is used in the study as to support the notion to why people engage themselves fully into criminal behavior and how it leads to one obtaining a criminal record. The finding about the study stipulated that ex-offenders are faced with enormous challenges during re-entry into their communities hence they bounce back to correctional centers time and again. Recommendation for the study to different stakeholders has been also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Jobela, Zizo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Criminals -- Rehabilitation Ex-convicts -- Rehabilitation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Social work with criminals -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Criminology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10486 , vital:35493
- Description: This research study is based on exploring perception of ex-offenders regarding reintegration back to their communities. This was accomplished by means of collecting data from Engcobo Local Municipality ex-offenders. The aim was to find out whether do ex-offenders welcomed in their communities or not, and what might be the challenges they encounter if they are not welcomed. The research considered the fundamental understanding of ex-offender discrimination and labeling including the role of Department of Correctional Services in supporting the reintegration of ex-offenders. The issue of criminal record as a barrier to employment for ex-offenders was also taken into consideration as the base to recidivism. Labeling theory is used in the study as to support the notion to why people engage themselves fully into criminal behavior and how it leads to one obtaining a criminal record. The finding about the study stipulated that ex-offenders are faced with enormous challenges during re-entry into their communities hence they bounce back to correctional centers time and again. Recommendation for the study to different stakeholders has been also discussed.This research study is based on exploring perception of ex-offenders regarding reintegration back to their communities. This was accomplished by means of collecting data from Engcobo Local Municipality ex-offenders. The aim was to find out whether do ex-offenders welcomed in their communities or not, and what might be the challenges they encounter if they are not welcomed. The research considered the fundamental understanding of ex-offender discrimination and labeling including the role of Department of Correctional Services in supporting the reintegration of ex-offenders. The issue of criminal record as a barrier to employment for ex-offenders was also taken into consideration as the base to recidivism. Labeling theory is used in the study as to support the notion to why people engage themselves fully into criminal behavior and how it leads to one obtaining a criminal record. The finding about the study stipulated that ex-offenders are faced with enormous challenges during re-entry into their communities hence they bounce back to correctional centers time and again. Recommendation for the study to different stakeholders has been also discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
PhD graduates' perceptions of supervision contact sessions at the University of Fort Hare, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Muleya, Ekem
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: University of Fort Hare Graduate students Doctoral students
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12914 , vital:39401
- Description: PhD supervision is mostly studied from the supervisor and education institutions’ point of view in South Africa. The role and what exactly transpires during supervision contact sessions, how it influences or contributes to the successful completion of a PhD degree has been under researched. The government of South Africa through the NDP has clear targets in terms of raising the annual number of people who graduate with PhDs, however the processes and the actual ingredients contributing to the increase are not being adequately examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of supervision contact sessions in enabling a doctoral candidate to successfully complete a doctoral degree. Specifically this study sought to find out how supervision meetings enable a PhD candidate to finish the PhD degree successfully. This exploratory study sought to address the question through pin-pointing the specific benefits PhD candidates derive from supervision contact sessions and at the same time documenting the challenges faced in these meetings. Findings from this study point to the fact that supervision contact sessions are crucial in empowering a PhD candidate to finish his or her studies. Candidates benefit from both technical (professional) and social (emotional) support through supervision meetings with their supervisors and most importantly supervisors also assist and advise their candidates with regard to funding for their studies. In the main, PhD candidates prefer to meet frequently with their supervisors to discuss their PhD work however they in some instances encounter challenges in trying to set up meetings with their supervisors. Challenges also come during the actual supervision sessions due to the unequal relationship between supervisor and candidate. Given the role of supervision meetings in PhD completion, it is important to note some measures which can assist in terms of making supervision meetings more beneficial to a PhD candidate.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Muleya, Ekem
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: University of Fort Hare Graduate students Doctoral students
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12914 , vital:39401
- Description: PhD supervision is mostly studied from the supervisor and education institutions’ point of view in South Africa. The role and what exactly transpires during supervision contact sessions, how it influences or contributes to the successful completion of a PhD degree has been under researched. The government of South Africa through the NDP has clear targets in terms of raising the annual number of people who graduate with PhDs, however the processes and the actual ingredients contributing to the increase are not being adequately examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of supervision contact sessions in enabling a doctoral candidate to successfully complete a doctoral degree. Specifically this study sought to find out how supervision meetings enable a PhD candidate to finish the PhD degree successfully. This exploratory study sought to address the question through pin-pointing the specific benefits PhD candidates derive from supervision contact sessions and at the same time documenting the challenges faced in these meetings. Findings from this study point to the fact that supervision contact sessions are crucial in empowering a PhD candidate to finish his or her studies. Candidates benefit from both technical (professional) and social (emotional) support through supervision meetings with their supervisors and most importantly supervisors also assist and advise their candidates with regard to funding for their studies. In the main, PhD candidates prefer to meet frequently with their supervisors to discuss their PhD work however they in some instances encounter challenges in trying to set up meetings with their supervisors. Challenges also come during the actual supervision sessions due to the unequal relationship between supervisor and candidate. Given the role of supervision meetings in PhD completion, it is important to note some measures which can assist in terms of making supervision meetings more beneficial to a PhD candidate.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Play as an indicator of public opinion in online political commentary : a content analysis of online news forums leading up to the 2014 South African General Elections
- Authors: Moyo, Lungisani
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Online journalism Content analysis (Communication)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10678 , vital:35667
- Description: This study seeks to look at play as an indicator of public opinion in online political commentary of online news forums leading to the 2014 South African general elections. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyse viewers’s comments about 2014 South African general elections posted online. The concepts of critical discourse analysis, frame analysis play theory and network analysis were applied to extend and inform the study. A corpus of all commentary appended to 2014 South African general election news reports published online by Media24, Times Media Group, Mail &Guardian, Independent Newspapers, Caxton CTP, and TNA Media were selected. The study employed a purposive sampling technique and 1000 comments were extracted. The sample began four weeks before the election and ended two weeks after the event. NVIVO 11 was utilized to code these readers’ comments into their respective categories. The core findings of this thesis reflect that online readers do not just engage in play but are more interactive and participative on these online public forums and their political discourse echo political affiliations with different political parties, bearing in mind that South Africa has 13 political parties that participated and are represented in parliament. In addition, the findings revealed that, play cannot be parted with and remains inseparable with "what is real"; instead, play renews the real world by giving it sense and meaning. Play does not "re-present" nor falsify certainty but it enunciates certainty. The findings also revealed that most participants identify themselves with the ANC as the ruling party, the DA as the main opposition, the EFF as the most vocal party and then other parties. The findings further revealed that participants have different perspectives on different economic and socio-political matters such as, entertainment, slate politics, and political affiliation, cadre deployment, political bias, economic meltdown, diaspora, and western influence, abuse of power by those in high places, land reform programme, political power struggles, leadership change and corruption.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Moyo, Lungisani
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Online journalism Content analysis (Communication)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10678 , vital:35667
- Description: This study seeks to look at play as an indicator of public opinion in online political commentary of online news forums leading to the 2014 South African general elections. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyse viewers’s comments about 2014 South African general elections posted online. The concepts of critical discourse analysis, frame analysis play theory and network analysis were applied to extend and inform the study. A corpus of all commentary appended to 2014 South African general election news reports published online by Media24, Times Media Group, Mail &Guardian, Independent Newspapers, Caxton CTP, and TNA Media were selected. The study employed a purposive sampling technique and 1000 comments were extracted. The sample began four weeks before the election and ended two weeks after the event. NVIVO 11 was utilized to code these readers’ comments into their respective categories. The core findings of this thesis reflect that online readers do not just engage in play but are more interactive and participative on these online public forums and their political discourse echo political affiliations with different political parties, bearing in mind that South Africa has 13 political parties that participated and are represented in parliament. In addition, the findings revealed that, play cannot be parted with and remains inseparable with "what is real"; instead, play renews the real world by giving it sense and meaning. Play does not "re-present" nor falsify certainty but it enunciates certainty. The findings also revealed that most participants identify themselves with the ANC as the ruling party, the DA as the main opposition, the EFF as the most vocal party and then other parties. The findings further revealed that participants have different perspectives on different economic and socio-political matters such as, entertainment, slate politics, and political affiliation, cadre deployment, political bias, economic meltdown, diaspora, and western influence, abuse of power by those in high places, land reform programme, political power struggles, leadership change and corruption.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Psychosocial challenges faced by guardians whose children are involved with substance abuse : a case study of Cofimvaba
- Authors: Mfengwana, Sibabalwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Children -- Substance use Social service
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10700 , vital:35701
- Description: Parents/ guardians are facing major problems in South Africa as their children are involved in substance abuse. Both genders are involved in substance abuse meaning therefore that guardians are facing huge challenges especially now that the girls are also involved in substance abuse. This research explored the psycho social challenges faced by guardians whose children are involved with substance abuse at Cofimvaba, in the Eastern Cape Province. The study was premised by four objectives, firstly the study was aimed to examine the challenges that guardians face since their children are involved with substance abuse. Secondly the study was aimed to assess the emotional consequences of the guardians since their children are involved with substance abuse. Thirdly to establish the community perceptions with regard to the involvement of the children with substance abuse. Lastly, to establish the support services the guardians get from professionals. The researchers used qualitative method because it provides a deep understanding of what is under investigation. The design used in the study was exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The study was conducted through qualitative research instruments of in-depth interviews and focus group in collecting the data. The study utilized social learning theory and the systems theory. The population in this study was made up of 20 participants, as well as 5 members forming up a focus group. All the participants were originally from Cofimvaba. The data was analyzed using content thematic analysis. The study revealed the following findings that there are support services given to the guardians at all. The support service is solely meant for the children when reported to be affected by substance abuse. There is high rate of labelling and discrimination to guardians from community members when the child is involved with substance abuse. There is an element of isolation with regard to the guardians whose children are involved with substance abuse. Guardians are sometimes isolating themselves and are scared about the comments that are impose to them because of their children who are involved in substance abuse. All the guardians are not happy and are feeling helpless now that their children are involved in substance abuse. The following are the challenges faced by guardians with regards to their children’s involvement with substance abuse; (i) overspending money because they have to repay all the damages done by their children. When the children are not well, the guardians have to take the children to the doctors. (ii) Behavioural challenges, the guardians are (iii) School performance dropping from the children is affecting the health and welfare of the guardians. Not a single guardian is not ambitious about the future and education of the children. Some of the guardians are not having any income and are really struggling to meet the ends means. The study made the following recommendations: The guardians as well as community members need to be equipped with information with regard to substance abuse. More strategies should be put in place with regard to support services by professionals to render to guardians. Guardians should be involved in the development of the children. Guardians should be involved in the schoolwork of the children to monitor and evaluate the performance. All the community members should be involved and should come up with strategies that could bring preventative services to the community members including children.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mfengwana, Sibabalwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Children -- Substance use Social service
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10700 , vital:35701
- Description: Parents/ guardians are facing major problems in South Africa as their children are involved in substance abuse. Both genders are involved in substance abuse meaning therefore that guardians are facing huge challenges especially now that the girls are also involved in substance abuse. This research explored the psycho social challenges faced by guardians whose children are involved with substance abuse at Cofimvaba, in the Eastern Cape Province. The study was premised by four objectives, firstly the study was aimed to examine the challenges that guardians face since their children are involved with substance abuse. Secondly the study was aimed to assess the emotional consequences of the guardians since their children are involved with substance abuse. Thirdly to establish the community perceptions with regard to the involvement of the children with substance abuse. Lastly, to establish the support services the guardians get from professionals. The researchers used qualitative method because it provides a deep understanding of what is under investigation. The design used in the study was exploratory, descriptive and contextual in nature. The study was conducted through qualitative research instruments of in-depth interviews and focus group in collecting the data. The study utilized social learning theory and the systems theory. The population in this study was made up of 20 participants, as well as 5 members forming up a focus group. All the participants were originally from Cofimvaba. The data was analyzed using content thematic analysis. The study revealed the following findings that there are support services given to the guardians at all. The support service is solely meant for the children when reported to be affected by substance abuse. There is high rate of labelling and discrimination to guardians from community members when the child is involved with substance abuse. There is an element of isolation with regard to the guardians whose children are involved with substance abuse. Guardians are sometimes isolating themselves and are scared about the comments that are impose to them because of their children who are involved in substance abuse. All the guardians are not happy and are feeling helpless now that their children are involved in substance abuse. The following are the challenges faced by guardians with regards to their children’s involvement with substance abuse; (i) overspending money because they have to repay all the damages done by their children. When the children are not well, the guardians have to take the children to the doctors. (ii) Behavioural challenges, the guardians are (iii) School performance dropping from the children is affecting the health and welfare of the guardians. Not a single guardian is not ambitious about the future and education of the children. Some of the guardians are not having any income and are really struggling to meet the ends means. The study made the following recommendations: The guardians as well as community members need to be equipped with information with regard to substance abuse. More strategies should be put in place with regard to support services by professionals to render to guardians. Guardians should be involved in the development of the children. Guardians should be involved in the schoolwork of the children to monitor and evaluate the performance. All the community members should be involved and should come up with strategies that could bring preventative services to the community members including children.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Ramifications of status non-disclosure by people living with HIV/AIDS in Alice, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mavhunga, Ayisha Dadiso
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Self-disclosure Stigma (Social psychology) AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Family relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10963 , vital:35970
- Description: Non-disclosure of HIV/AIDS status is a topical issue in South Africa and across the globe. This study explored the ramifications of status non-disclosure by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Alice, Eastern Cape. The study aimed to explore the benefits and opportunities associated with HIV/AIDS disclosure; to examine the underlying factors discouraging Alice PLWHA from disclosing their status; to ascertain the ramifications of HIV/AIDS non-disclosure and to describe the coping strategies PLWHA and their families adopt in dealing with the ramifications of non-disclosure. The study employed the qualitative case study design, which was underpinned by the interpretive paradigm. The key informant’s method, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were the main data collection methods. The sample of 35 participants was selected through the purposive and snowballing sampling technique. This sample comprised of 10 PLWHA, 20 family members and 5 key informants. The data collected from this sample was analysed through thematic content analysis. Findings indicated that PLWHA who disclosed their status accessed benefits and opportunities such as medication, psychosocial support, employment and the helping hands needed to manage their illness. In addition, the findings revealed that stigma, discrimination and socio-cultural factors inhibited some PLWHA from disclosing their status. Consequently, non-disclosure resulted in PLWHA experiencing ramifications such ramifications such as internal stigma, conflict in relationships, diminished career and educational achievement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mavhunga, Ayisha Dadiso
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Self-disclosure Stigma (Social psychology) AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Family relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10963 , vital:35970
- Description: Non-disclosure of HIV/AIDS status is a topical issue in South Africa and across the globe. This study explored the ramifications of status non-disclosure by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Alice, Eastern Cape. The study aimed to explore the benefits and opportunities associated with HIV/AIDS disclosure; to examine the underlying factors discouraging Alice PLWHA from disclosing their status; to ascertain the ramifications of HIV/AIDS non-disclosure and to describe the coping strategies PLWHA and their families adopt in dealing with the ramifications of non-disclosure. The study employed the qualitative case study design, which was underpinned by the interpretive paradigm. The key informant’s method, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were the main data collection methods. The sample of 35 participants was selected through the purposive and snowballing sampling technique. This sample comprised of 10 PLWHA, 20 family members and 5 key informants. The data collected from this sample was analysed through thematic content analysis. Findings indicated that PLWHA who disclosed their status accessed benefits and opportunities such as medication, psychosocial support, employment and the helping hands needed to manage their illness. In addition, the findings revealed that stigma, discrimination and socio-cultural factors inhibited some PLWHA from disclosing their status. Consequently, non-disclosure resulted in PLWHA experiencing ramifications such ramifications such as internal stigma, conflict in relationships, diminished career and educational achievement.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Re-interpreting the history of 'the rural' visual in the Eastern Cape, 1948-1976
- Authors: Steele, Candice Alexandra
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Medical photography -- South Africa -- Exhibitions Photography in ethnology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11064 , vital:37027
- Description: The thesis engages with the photographic collection of Dr Pauline Ingle, an amateur photographer who lived and worked in the former Transkei as a medical doctor from 1948-1976. As a visual history project situated within critical visual studies, the thesis is concerned to attend to the disciplinary optics that have conditioned seeing and constituted genres; but also the ways in which these genres have constituted subjects and corralled them into positions commensurate with the spatialised demarcations of the rural and the urban, and the attendant associations of tradition and modernity. The thesis begins by exploring the biography of Pauline Ingle and tracks the movement of the photographs from a private collection into the public realm and its constitution as an archive. The thesis then moves into a discussion of the key determinants of the ethnographic genre and its entwinement with the discipline of anthropology, as a foundation against which to investigate the limits of reading her images within this genre and the disruptions that are discernible through an aesthetics of proximity and forms of image-making that do not control the visual field. Through a theorisation that proposes the image as an act, various readings are brought to bear on the images through the lens of the social and political. Mobilising the concepts of social acts and acts of citizenship, allows for a reading that breaks with the disciplinary conditioning that has fixed subject positions into ‘the native subject’ and the ‘liberal subject’ and calls into question the construction of the human. By proposing the subject as migrant, is to signal that the question of the human/subject is more complex and convoluted than previously thought.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Steele, Candice Alexandra
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Medical photography -- South Africa -- Exhibitions Photography in ethnology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11064 , vital:37027
- Description: The thesis engages with the photographic collection of Dr Pauline Ingle, an amateur photographer who lived and worked in the former Transkei as a medical doctor from 1948-1976. As a visual history project situated within critical visual studies, the thesis is concerned to attend to the disciplinary optics that have conditioned seeing and constituted genres; but also the ways in which these genres have constituted subjects and corralled them into positions commensurate with the spatialised demarcations of the rural and the urban, and the attendant associations of tradition and modernity. The thesis begins by exploring the biography of Pauline Ingle and tracks the movement of the photographs from a private collection into the public realm and its constitution as an archive. The thesis then moves into a discussion of the key determinants of the ethnographic genre and its entwinement with the discipline of anthropology, as a foundation against which to investigate the limits of reading her images within this genre and the disruptions that are discernible through an aesthetics of proximity and forms of image-making that do not control the visual field. Through a theorisation that proposes the image as an act, various readings are brought to bear on the images through the lens of the social and political. Mobilising the concepts of social acts and acts of citizenship, allows for a reading that breaks with the disciplinary conditioning that has fixed subject positions into ‘the native subject’ and the ‘liberal subject’ and calls into question the construction of the human. By proposing the subject as migrant, is to signal that the question of the human/subject is more complex and convoluted than previously thought.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Selected benefits, challenges and lessons experiences by the 2015-16 feesmustfall leaders at the University of Fort Hare (UFH), East London Campus (EL)
- Authors: Dyakumeni, Monica
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Student movements -- South Africa Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Education, Higher -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11075 , vital:37028
- Description: There is a high amount of journalistic and academic work that has been produced to highlight the various benefits, challenges and lessons the 2015-2016 #Feesmustfall movement (henceforth, FMFM) brought in its wake for South African universities affected and for South African society in general. Save for the University of the Witwatersrand (activists from Wits produced a book on their involvement in FMF), there is a dearth of academic research on the benefits, challenges and lessons of FMF as experienced by students from affected universities, in general, and student activists and leaders, in particular. The current research study was conducted to fill the above gap, and it adopted a qualitative research philosophy in the manner the research was conducted. For the purposes of this research, 10 male FMF activists from the University of Fort Hare, East London, Eastern Cape, were interviewed using an in-depth interview technique about what they regarded as benefits, challenges and lessons stemming from their involvement as leaders of the FMF protests in their campus. The findings largely set a tone of caution that there are important considerations to be made when looking at the issue of university-based protests such as FMF; in particular, the physical and psychological impacts of these protests on student leaders, or activists. The results in this study demonstrate that those who led the 2015/6 FMF protests at UFH, EL, experienced intellectual and political leadership growth as young student leaders, among some benefits. The benefits, however, were tempered by some of the traumatic and disturbing events, which exposed these leaders to, among other things, police violence, arrests and serious psychological discomfort during and even after the protests. The results also demonstrate some continuing positive impact of the FMFM on those who led the students at UFH, that is, they are today using the knowledge and lessons from FMF to make their workplaces and their political organization’s processes more robust and democratic. These findings are significant, especially for universities in South Africa, and in Africa as a whole, as there are researchers who caution that the South African university management is quick to resort to student repression during protests. The study then goes on to discuss the relevance of the findings for universities, the state and the student activists themselves. Areas for future research are also proffered.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dyakumeni, Monica
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Student movements -- South Africa Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Education, Higher -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11075 , vital:37028
- Description: There is a high amount of journalistic and academic work that has been produced to highlight the various benefits, challenges and lessons the 2015-2016 #Feesmustfall movement (henceforth, FMFM) brought in its wake for South African universities affected and for South African society in general. Save for the University of the Witwatersrand (activists from Wits produced a book on their involvement in FMF), there is a dearth of academic research on the benefits, challenges and lessons of FMF as experienced by students from affected universities, in general, and student activists and leaders, in particular. The current research study was conducted to fill the above gap, and it adopted a qualitative research philosophy in the manner the research was conducted. For the purposes of this research, 10 male FMF activists from the University of Fort Hare, East London, Eastern Cape, were interviewed using an in-depth interview technique about what they regarded as benefits, challenges and lessons stemming from their involvement as leaders of the FMF protests in their campus. The findings largely set a tone of caution that there are important considerations to be made when looking at the issue of university-based protests such as FMF; in particular, the physical and psychological impacts of these protests on student leaders, or activists. The results in this study demonstrate that those who led the 2015/6 FMF protests at UFH, EL, experienced intellectual and political leadership growth as young student leaders, among some benefits. The benefits, however, were tempered by some of the traumatic and disturbing events, which exposed these leaders to, among other things, police violence, arrests and serious psychological discomfort during and even after the protests. The results also demonstrate some continuing positive impact of the FMFM on those who led the students at UFH, that is, they are today using the knowledge and lessons from FMF to make their workplaces and their political organization’s processes more robust and democratic. These findings are significant, especially for universities in South Africa, and in Africa as a whole, as there are researchers who caution that the South African university management is quick to resort to student repression during protests. The study then goes on to discuss the relevance of the findings for universities, the state and the student activists themselves. Areas for future research are also proffered.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Self-regulation and academic performance in early childhood :an East London study
- Authors: Martin, Glynnis Michelle
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Self-control in children Early childhood education Child rearing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10949 , vital:35969
- Description: Previous research studies have identified various factors as influential in whether one is successful in obtaining the education necessary for effective living within a given society. Early academic performance is consistently linked to later academic performance, which in turn, relates to physical, mental and even financial health outcomes in adulthood. The recognition that competence with the demands of learning and socialization can set up cycles of success or failure, lead to much research interest directed at the key role of self-regulation, as an executive function skill, in early academic performance. Despite this growing body of research, a comprehensive conceptual model for the predictive role and interaction between complex executive functions, socio-emotional competence, learning aptitudes and visuomotor skills, as predictors in early academic success, is still lacking. Knowledge of the integrated functioning of these predictors in the South African context is particularly scarce. This research was designed to address these knowledge gaps through an exploratory descriptive and causal-comparative study. Purposive, non-probability sampling was used to select a group of 183 Grade 1 learners from a low socio-economic area of East London in South Africa. Ages ranged from 6 to 8 years (M = 6.78, SD = 0.54), whilst 40% were female and 60% were male. Predictors of academic success were measured at the start of the first academic term, and a parent-report measure was used to measure socio-emotional competencies. Second term school report cards were used to measure mid-year academic achievement. Relationships between each predictor and their relationships to academic performance were explored through Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients. vii One-way Analysis of Variance with post-hoc Scheffé tests was used to explore differences between groups of Gender, Age, Home Language, Maternal Marital Status, Maternal Age and whether the grade was being Repeated or not. Two priori conceptual models of the relationships between the predictor variables and academic performance were estimated through Structural Equation Modeling. Results indicate various significant relationships between each predictor and specific aspects of academic performance. Visuomotor skills showed the strongest correlation to academic performance, followed by learning abilities and complex executive functions. Social-emotional competence was not practically significantly related to any of the factors and appeared to affect academic performance primarily through a significant relationship to complex executive functions. Interestingly, results indicate subtypes of visuomotor skills that are significantly correlated to the complex executive, as also highly correlated with academic performance. Precision tasks that were not related to complex executive function, was not significantly related to academic performance. Results furthermore identify the significant influence of caregiver factors on visuomotor skills and that of home language on learning abilities. Regression analysis results confirm a significant mediating effect of learning aptitudes in relation to the effects of complex executive function and visuomotor skills on academic performance. Model comparison supported this mediation-model as superior to a no-mediation model in predicting academic success in Grade 1. This study expands on the understanding of the role of the common executive function in relation to factors associated with crystallized intelligence, visuomotor skills and socio-emotional competencies in predicting early academic success. This study presents an innovative integrated mediation model of the relationships between the identified predictors in relation to academic success.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Martin, Glynnis Michelle
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Self-control in children Early childhood education Child rearing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10949 , vital:35969
- Description: Previous research studies have identified various factors as influential in whether one is successful in obtaining the education necessary for effective living within a given society. Early academic performance is consistently linked to later academic performance, which in turn, relates to physical, mental and even financial health outcomes in adulthood. The recognition that competence with the demands of learning and socialization can set up cycles of success or failure, lead to much research interest directed at the key role of self-regulation, as an executive function skill, in early academic performance. Despite this growing body of research, a comprehensive conceptual model for the predictive role and interaction between complex executive functions, socio-emotional competence, learning aptitudes and visuomotor skills, as predictors in early academic success, is still lacking. Knowledge of the integrated functioning of these predictors in the South African context is particularly scarce. This research was designed to address these knowledge gaps through an exploratory descriptive and causal-comparative study. Purposive, non-probability sampling was used to select a group of 183 Grade 1 learners from a low socio-economic area of East London in South Africa. Ages ranged from 6 to 8 years (M = 6.78, SD = 0.54), whilst 40% were female and 60% were male. Predictors of academic success were measured at the start of the first academic term, and a parent-report measure was used to measure socio-emotional competencies. Second term school report cards were used to measure mid-year academic achievement. Relationships between each predictor and their relationships to academic performance were explored through Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients. vii One-way Analysis of Variance with post-hoc Scheffé tests was used to explore differences between groups of Gender, Age, Home Language, Maternal Marital Status, Maternal Age and whether the grade was being Repeated or not. Two priori conceptual models of the relationships between the predictor variables and academic performance were estimated through Structural Equation Modeling. Results indicate various significant relationships between each predictor and specific aspects of academic performance. Visuomotor skills showed the strongest correlation to academic performance, followed by learning abilities and complex executive functions. Social-emotional competence was not practically significantly related to any of the factors and appeared to affect academic performance primarily through a significant relationship to complex executive functions. Interestingly, results indicate subtypes of visuomotor skills that are significantly correlated to the complex executive, as also highly correlated with academic performance. Precision tasks that were not related to complex executive function, was not significantly related to academic performance. Results furthermore identify the significant influence of caregiver factors on visuomotor skills and that of home language on learning abilities. Regression analysis results confirm a significant mediating effect of learning aptitudes in relation to the effects of complex executive function and visuomotor skills on academic performance. Model comparison supported this mediation-model as superior to a no-mediation model in predicting academic success in Grade 1. This study expands on the understanding of the role of the common executive function in relation to factors associated with crystallized intelligence, visuomotor skills and socio-emotional competencies in predicting early academic success. This study presents an innovative integrated mediation model of the relationships between the identified predictors in relation to academic success.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Skilled Migrants and Remittances in a Development Context: A Social Value Analysis of Skills and Home Remittances among Zimbabweans living in East London, South Africa
- Authors: Mafuso, Leo Tsakata
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Migration Emigrant remittances Migrant labor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD(Sociology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8840 , vital:33672
- Description: Against the backdrop of a growing orthodoxy that places the issue of home remittances by a country’s emigrant citizens at the centre of national and international development, this study presents a social value analysis of skills and home remittances in the Zimbabwean context. The study unveils the narratives of skilled Zimbabwean citizens living and working in East London, South Africa, with specific regard to the extent to which the revenues gained by the Zimbabwean economy through home remittances offset the skills lost by the same economy through the emigration of its skilled citizens. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, with data drawn from a survey of 158 skilled Zimbabweans, three key informant interviews (with officers of immigration stakeholder organisations) and one focus group discussion. The study found that an overwhelming majority of survey respondents regularly remitted money home, and believed that such remittances helped them to fulfil filial and other familial obligations, besides being vital to the Zimbabwean economy as a whole. They emphasised, however, that the total value of home remittances, though substantial in monetary terms, was miniscule when compared to the skills the country had lost as a result of migration. Respondents expressed the view that home remittances could not substitute for the skills lost by a country and that the proper utilisation of, and compensation for, their skills at home would develop their country faster. The study thus cuts through the dominant discourse on the developmental significance of home remittances and provides insights into the importance of skilled professionals in the Zimbabwean context, and the developmental consequences of seeing them simply as “remitters” of foreign exchange. By privileging the perspectives of skilled migrants, the study highlights how skilled professionals see themselves and their role within the migration-development debate. This therefore was a study of the migration-remittance-development nexus as though the migrant mattered.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mafuso, Leo Tsakata
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Migration Emigrant remittances Migrant labor
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD(Sociology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8840 , vital:33672
- Description: Against the backdrop of a growing orthodoxy that places the issue of home remittances by a country’s emigrant citizens at the centre of national and international development, this study presents a social value analysis of skills and home remittances in the Zimbabwean context. The study unveils the narratives of skilled Zimbabwean citizens living and working in East London, South Africa, with specific regard to the extent to which the revenues gained by the Zimbabwean economy through home remittances offset the skills lost by the same economy through the emigration of its skilled citizens. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, with data drawn from a survey of 158 skilled Zimbabweans, three key informant interviews (with officers of immigration stakeholder organisations) and one focus group discussion. The study found that an overwhelming majority of survey respondents regularly remitted money home, and believed that such remittances helped them to fulfil filial and other familial obligations, besides being vital to the Zimbabwean economy as a whole. They emphasised, however, that the total value of home remittances, though substantial in monetary terms, was miniscule when compared to the skills the country had lost as a result of migration. Respondents expressed the view that home remittances could not substitute for the skills lost by a country and that the proper utilisation of, and compensation for, their skills at home would develop their country faster. The study thus cuts through the dominant discourse on the developmental significance of home remittances and provides insights into the importance of skilled professionals in the Zimbabwean context, and the developmental consequences of seeing them simply as “remitters” of foreign exchange. By privileging the perspectives of skilled migrants, the study highlights how skilled professionals see themselves and their role within the migration-development debate. This therefore was a study of the migration-remittance-development nexus as though the migrant mattered.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Social media and participatory water conservation education in rural areas : a case study of Amathole District's Local Municipalities
- Authors: Hove, Charity
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Internet in public administration Political participation Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10073 , vital:35326
- Description: This study conducted an explanatory sequential research on local municipalities in Amathole District‘s social media use for participatory water conservation education in South Africa. Social media is regarded as a powerful tool for information dissemination, because of its incredible speed, storage capacity, and communicative ability. However, it was worth finding out if social media platforms were being utilised fully to educate communities about water conservation by these municipalities. The South African government invests in water conservation interests through legislation and prescribes that municipalities, as local governance at the grassroots level, supply water and sanitation according to national norms and standards. With reference to this, municipalities have to educate about water conservation. The prevailing water scarcity in South Africa calls for increased education and awareness creation about water conservation to communities and municipalities have to use this opportunity by using social media. Therefore, the research aimed to know if social media platforms were being used as a tool for participatory water conservation education in Amathole District‘s local municipalities. This study used purposive sampling for data collection. The first data set was collected from the local municipalities‘ social media platforms and qualitative content analysis was used for analysis to find out if the municipalities used social media for water conservation education. The second data set aimed at getting residents‘ perception towards social media use for participatory water conservation education by their municipality was collected from 383 respondents in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality using a questionnaire. The data from the questionnaire was analysed quantitatively using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study found out that Amathole District local municipalities were not using social media for water conservation education. Most respondents from Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality indicated lack of knowledge of their municipality‘s social media presence, while the few who were aware of the social media platforms rarely communicated with the municipality. Hence, the study recommends that municipalities should advertise their social media platforms and use them for developmental and beneficial purposes such as water conservation education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Hove, Charity
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Internet in public administration Political participation Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10073 , vital:35326
- Description: This study conducted an explanatory sequential research on local municipalities in Amathole District‘s social media use for participatory water conservation education in South Africa. Social media is regarded as a powerful tool for information dissemination, because of its incredible speed, storage capacity, and communicative ability. However, it was worth finding out if social media platforms were being utilised fully to educate communities about water conservation by these municipalities. The South African government invests in water conservation interests through legislation and prescribes that municipalities, as local governance at the grassroots level, supply water and sanitation according to national norms and standards. With reference to this, municipalities have to educate about water conservation. The prevailing water scarcity in South Africa calls for increased education and awareness creation about water conservation to communities and municipalities have to use this opportunity by using social media. Therefore, the research aimed to know if social media platforms were being used as a tool for participatory water conservation education in Amathole District‘s local municipalities. This study used purposive sampling for data collection. The first data set was collected from the local municipalities‘ social media platforms and qualitative content analysis was used for analysis to find out if the municipalities used social media for water conservation education. The second data set aimed at getting residents‘ perception towards social media use for participatory water conservation education by their municipality was collected from 383 respondents in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality using a questionnaire. The data from the questionnaire was analysed quantitatively using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study found out that Amathole District local municipalities were not using social media for water conservation education. Most respondents from Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality indicated lack of knowledge of their municipality‘s social media presence, while the few who were aware of the social media platforms rarely communicated with the municipality. Hence, the study recommends that municipalities should advertise their social media platforms and use them for developmental and beneficial purposes such as water conservation education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Social work management tasks : the experiences of frontline social workers in the nonprofit organisation sector in Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Perumal, Nevashnee
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Social service Non-governmental organizations -- Eastern Cape -- Social services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9756 , vital:34912
- Description: In South Africa, social workers learn how to operationalise the management functions of planning, organising, leading and controlling “on the job” by modelling and following existing managers and/or senior social workers. This points to the use of predictive knowledge, where management decisions are made based on patterns from past experiences, educated guesses and observations, which are limited to individual, personal experiences. For the frontline social worker responding to the dynamic demands of developmental social work, with limited work experience and no formal management training and support, there are several consequences for the Nonprofit Organisation sector and the frontline social worker executing these management tasks. Therefore, this study aimed to gain an understanding of the range of management tasks that frontline social workers undertake in the Nonprofit Organisation sector in operationalising the management functions of planning, organising, leading and controlling. This study employed a descriptive case study design, within the qualitative approach, and was exploratory in nature. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with nineteen frontline social workers from three established Nonprofit Organisations in Port Elizabeth. Qualitative thematic analysis was employed as a data analysis strategy. One focus group was conducted with five middle managers from the same three NPOs. Both phases of data collection were guided by interview themes, which were aligned to the objectives of the study. The major findings indicated that management tasks ranged from workload management, relationship management, information management, human resource management to self-management, and that all these tasks led to frontline social workers developing innovative management strategies as a consequence of undertaking management tasks. Predictive knowledge was magnified as a positive tool as compared to prescriptive knowledge. In light of these findings, it is recommended that organisational support and adjustments are made by the boards of management and directors of the relevant Nonprofit Organisations by specifically providing support to frontline social workers so as to enhance their execution of management tasks. Hence, this study proposes a framework with strategies to support frontline social workers as well as practice guidelines for Nonprofit Organisations’ boards of management and frontline social workers in undertaking their daily management tasks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Perumal, Nevashnee
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Social service Non-governmental organizations -- Eastern Cape -- Social services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9756 , vital:34912
- Description: In South Africa, social workers learn how to operationalise the management functions of planning, organising, leading and controlling “on the job” by modelling and following existing managers and/or senior social workers. This points to the use of predictive knowledge, where management decisions are made based on patterns from past experiences, educated guesses and observations, which are limited to individual, personal experiences. For the frontline social worker responding to the dynamic demands of developmental social work, with limited work experience and no formal management training and support, there are several consequences for the Nonprofit Organisation sector and the frontline social worker executing these management tasks. Therefore, this study aimed to gain an understanding of the range of management tasks that frontline social workers undertake in the Nonprofit Organisation sector in operationalising the management functions of planning, organising, leading and controlling. This study employed a descriptive case study design, within the qualitative approach, and was exploratory in nature. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with nineteen frontline social workers from three established Nonprofit Organisations in Port Elizabeth. Qualitative thematic analysis was employed as a data analysis strategy. One focus group was conducted with five middle managers from the same three NPOs. Both phases of data collection were guided by interview themes, which were aligned to the objectives of the study. The major findings indicated that management tasks ranged from workload management, relationship management, information management, human resource management to self-management, and that all these tasks led to frontline social workers developing innovative management strategies as a consequence of undertaking management tasks. Predictive knowledge was magnified as a positive tool as compared to prescriptive knowledge. In light of these findings, it is recommended that organisational support and adjustments are made by the boards of management and directors of the relevant Nonprofit Organisations by specifically providing support to frontline social workers so as to enhance their execution of management tasks. Hence, this study proposes a framework with strategies to support frontline social workers as well as practice guidelines for Nonprofit Organisations’ boards of management and frontline social workers in undertaking their daily management tasks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Students’ intentions and attitudes towards using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for the purpose of counselling.
- Authors: Dlaza, Zikhona
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Internet -- Psychological aspects Internet users -- Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc. Sci (Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17553 , vital:41090
- Description: Information Communication Technology (ICT) is becoming popular especially within a university campus setting not only as a learning tool but also for the purpose of communication. Internationally there is an acknowledgement of the popularity of ICT in delivering mental health services. This study is built on that premise which indicates that ICT could serve as a viable tool for counselling interventions within a university setting. However, limited research has been done in this area and conflicting results have been reported especially related to gender. This study therefore aimed at exploring the intentions and attitudes of male and female students towards using ICT for counselling at a South African university. A quantitative research approach was employed to collect and analyze data. Data was collected amongst students using self-administered questionnaires with a sample of 266 (N = 266) respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. The main findings of the study indicate that students have an intention to seek psychological help through the use of ICT counselling, which consequently positively influenced attitudes towards the utilization of ICT counselling. Results further indicate that gender and age differences amongst university students is significantly related to the intention to use ICT counselling. The information generated from this study has contributed to the limited body of literature on ICT in counselling psychology, more specifically in a university setting in South Africa. Overall, it encourages critical reflection on modern psychological practice to meet student’s needs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dlaza, Zikhona
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Internet -- Psychological aspects Internet users -- Psychology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc. Sci (Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17553 , vital:41090
- Description: Information Communication Technology (ICT) is becoming popular especially within a university campus setting not only as a learning tool but also for the purpose of communication. Internationally there is an acknowledgement of the popularity of ICT in delivering mental health services. This study is built on that premise which indicates that ICT could serve as a viable tool for counselling interventions within a university setting. However, limited research has been done in this area and conflicting results have been reported especially related to gender. This study therefore aimed at exploring the intentions and attitudes of male and female students towards using ICT for counselling at a South African university. A quantitative research approach was employed to collect and analyze data. Data was collected amongst students using self-administered questionnaires with a sample of 266 (N = 266) respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. The main findings of the study indicate that students have an intention to seek psychological help through the use of ICT counselling, which consequently positively influenced attitudes towards the utilization of ICT counselling. Results further indicate that gender and age differences amongst university students is significantly related to the intention to use ICT counselling. The information generated from this study has contributed to the limited body of literature on ICT in counselling psychology, more specifically in a university setting in South Africa. Overall, it encourages critical reflection on modern psychological practice to meet student’s needs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The awareness of Black men involved in domestic violence after rehabilitation programme : an interpretive phenomenological analysis
- Authors: Tladi, Martha Makgamatwane
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Family violence Blacks Rehabilitation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14011 , vital:39761
- Description: The aim of this research study is to explore the subjective views and experiences of black men who were perpetrators of domestic violence and have gone through a rehabilitation programme as a result. This paper also explores the connection between masculinity and domestic violence, and how perpetrators make sense of the concept of domestic violence and abuse. The reason underlying the study is to contribute to the fight against domestic violence, perpetrated by males, by understanding the root cause of the problem. This topic emerged due to the lack of sufficient academic papers on men as perpetrators of domestic violence, therefore the intention is to progressively close the gap and contribute to the already existing knowledge on the issue of domestic violence. The study comprised of four research participants gathered from different NGOs and thus different backgrounds. The sample comprised of two Black males and two Coloured males. It is worth noting that for the purpose of this study, black men refers to all men of colour. Thus, both African males and Coloured males fall under the same umbrella of Black men. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis from the Qualitative paradigm was used to analyse the data received from semi-structured interviews. The themes that arouse from the study were 1) Learning gender roles through observation; 2) Masculinity learned through teachings; 3) Misinterpreting African values; 4) Intoxication makes it easier to hit a woman; 5) Difficulty dealing with deep emotions; 6) Control and ownership in the relationship; 7) Gender roles forced by society; 8) Lack of consequences; and 9) Masculinity matures. The findings of the study is that masculinity is connected to men perpetrating domestic violence through misinterpreting African values that are taught by elders. Even though masculinity is taught to boys at a tender age, it was discovered that for some of the participants, masculinity is not stagnant but rather constantly changing as the individual grows in personality and life experiences, and thus their values change. As a result of this discovery, masculinity is also individualistic. These findings could assist in future research. Perhaps a much larger research focusing on evaluating, and later, developing rehabilitation programmes that speak to the individual experiences and beliefs of different South African males in order to accommodate the diverse cultures, and thus the beliefs that South Africa shares amongst its people.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Tladi, Martha Makgamatwane
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Family violence Blacks Rehabilitation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14011 , vital:39761
- Description: The aim of this research study is to explore the subjective views and experiences of black men who were perpetrators of domestic violence and have gone through a rehabilitation programme as a result. This paper also explores the connection between masculinity and domestic violence, and how perpetrators make sense of the concept of domestic violence and abuse. The reason underlying the study is to contribute to the fight against domestic violence, perpetrated by males, by understanding the root cause of the problem. This topic emerged due to the lack of sufficient academic papers on men as perpetrators of domestic violence, therefore the intention is to progressively close the gap and contribute to the already existing knowledge on the issue of domestic violence. The study comprised of four research participants gathered from different NGOs and thus different backgrounds. The sample comprised of two Black males and two Coloured males. It is worth noting that for the purpose of this study, black men refers to all men of colour. Thus, both African males and Coloured males fall under the same umbrella of Black men. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis from the Qualitative paradigm was used to analyse the data received from semi-structured interviews. The themes that arouse from the study were 1) Learning gender roles through observation; 2) Masculinity learned through teachings; 3) Misinterpreting African values; 4) Intoxication makes it easier to hit a woman; 5) Difficulty dealing with deep emotions; 6) Control and ownership in the relationship; 7) Gender roles forced by society; 8) Lack of consequences; and 9) Masculinity matures. The findings of the study is that masculinity is connected to men perpetrating domestic violence through misinterpreting African values that are taught by elders. Even though masculinity is taught to boys at a tender age, it was discovered that for some of the participants, masculinity is not stagnant but rather constantly changing as the individual grows in personality and life experiences, and thus their values change. As a result of this discovery, masculinity is also individualistic. These findings could assist in future research. Perhaps a much larger research focusing on evaluating, and later, developing rehabilitation programmes that speak to the individual experiences and beliefs of different South African males in order to accommodate the diverse cultures, and thus the beliefs that South Africa shares amongst its people.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The effectiveness of juvenile delinquents rehabilitation programmes in Zimbabwe : a case study of Harare Central Prison
- Authors: Nyakatawa, Rumbidzai
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Juvenile delinquency Juvenile delinquents Rehabilitation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12436 , vital:39263
- Description: The Zimbabwe Prison and Correctional Services records show that there are around 300 children incarcerated every year. Most of these children commit crimes such as rape, murder, theft, possession of drugs due to issues like poverty, substance abuse, peer pressure and neglect. A number of these children face many forms of abuse in their homes, including physical, emotional, mental abuse as well as rape. The major aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of juvenile delinquents’ rehabilitation programmes at Harare Central Prison. The qualitative methodology was appropriate for this study because it gives in depth information through conducting interviews and focus groups with participants. The sampling procedure involved deliberate choice of an informant due to the qualities the informant possessed. A sample size of thirty-seven participants comprising sixteen juvenile delinquents, four social workers, five prison guards, five probation officers and seven community members, were selected for this study. Their perceptions provided baseline data that helped in gaining a deeper understanding of the juvenile rehabilitation programmes. Despite the findings, gaps remain in the current system, for instance children continue to spend prolonged periods of time in adult prisons while they await repatriation to institutions due to resource constraints, and the rehabilitation programmes have proved to be partially effective, yet at the same time the post rehabilitation programmes are not being provided to juveniles after their release from prison. Key recommendations include expanding the Pre-trial Diversion Programme to all the provinces as it has yielded results that benefit the child as well introduction of alternatives of institutionalisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Nyakatawa, Rumbidzai
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Juvenile delinquency Juvenile delinquents Rehabilitation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12436 , vital:39263
- Description: The Zimbabwe Prison and Correctional Services records show that there are around 300 children incarcerated every year. Most of these children commit crimes such as rape, murder, theft, possession of drugs due to issues like poverty, substance abuse, peer pressure and neglect. A number of these children face many forms of abuse in their homes, including physical, emotional, mental abuse as well as rape. The major aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of juvenile delinquents’ rehabilitation programmes at Harare Central Prison. The qualitative methodology was appropriate for this study because it gives in depth information through conducting interviews and focus groups with participants. The sampling procedure involved deliberate choice of an informant due to the qualities the informant possessed. A sample size of thirty-seven participants comprising sixteen juvenile delinquents, four social workers, five prison guards, five probation officers and seven community members, were selected for this study. Their perceptions provided baseline data that helped in gaining a deeper understanding of the juvenile rehabilitation programmes. Despite the findings, gaps remain in the current system, for instance children continue to spend prolonged periods of time in adult prisons while they await repatriation to institutions due to resource constraints, and the rehabilitation programmes have proved to be partially effective, yet at the same time the post rehabilitation programmes are not being provided to juveniles after their release from prison. Key recommendations include expanding the Pre-trial Diversion Programme to all the provinces as it has yielded results that benefit the child as well introduction of alternatives of institutionalisation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The effects of old age grants on poverty alleviation in Dutywa in Eastern Cape of South Africa
- Authors: Lindi, Bomkazi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Old age assistance -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Old age pensions -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M. Soc. Sci.
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9599 , vital:34801
- Description: Old age grant was designed to reduce level of poverty in South Africa and according to SASSA (2016), there are 28 981 beneficiaries of old age grant in Dutywa. The study seeks to investigate the effect of old age grant on poverty eradication programme in Dutywa community in Eastern Cape. Three objectives were set for the study that include: to find out the influence of old age grant on poverty alleviation; to examine the challenges faced by old age grant beneficiaries in fighting poverty; to explore coping mechanisms available for old age grant beneficiaries in fighting poverty; to find out if there are any other support services put in place by professionals or agencies such as Social Workers, Nurses, Educators and Traditional leaders in fighting poverty. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to collect data from respondents. A sample of seventy (70) respondents for quantitative approach and sixteen (16) participants for the qualitative approach were purposively selected for the study. The results reveal that old age grant gives beneficiaries an opportunity of spending, which in turn sustains impoverished and vulnerable communities. In this way, the old age grant strengthens existing, deep-rooted informal social protection systems and social networks. In the case of Dutywa community, this is seen in instances where beneficiaries of the old age grant enable many rural grandmothers to take care of their grandchildren and afford beneficiaries’ necessities. It was concluded that old age grant has positively reduced poverty in Dutywa community of Eastern Cape though it does not meet all their necessities. Appropriate recommendations were made in the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Lindi, Bomkazi
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Old age assistance -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Old age pensions -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M. Soc. Sci.
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9599 , vital:34801
- Description: Old age grant was designed to reduce level of poverty in South Africa and according to SASSA (2016), there are 28 981 beneficiaries of old age grant in Dutywa. The study seeks to investigate the effect of old age grant on poverty eradication programme in Dutywa community in Eastern Cape. Three objectives were set for the study that include: to find out the influence of old age grant on poverty alleviation; to examine the challenges faced by old age grant beneficiaries in fighting poverty; to explore coping mechanisms available for old age grant beneficiaries in fighting poverty; to find out if there are any other support services put in place by professionals or agencies such as Social Workers, Nurses, Educators and Traditional leaders in fighting poverty. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to collect data from respondents. A sample of seventy (70) respondents for quantitative approach and sixteen (16) participants for the qualitative approach were purposively selected for the study. The results reveal that old age grant gives beneficiaries an opportunity of spending, which in turn sustains impoverished and vulnerable communities. In this way, the old age grant strengthens existing, deep-rooted informal social protection systems and social networks. In the case of Dutywa community, this is seen in instances where beneficiaries of the old age grant enable many rural grandmothers to take care of their grandchildren and afford beneficiaries’ necessities. It was concluded that old age grant has positively reduced poverty in Dutywa community of Eastern Cape though it does not meet all their necessities. Appropriate recommendations were made in the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The experiences of secondary traumatic stress among social workers who deal with traumatised populations : a case study of Buffalo City Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Anyi, Marynet Ema Tangwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Secondary traumatic stress Social workers -- Mental health Social service -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9951 , vital:35207
- Description: The aim of the research study was to investigate the experiences of secondary traumatic stress among social workers who deal with traumatised populations in the Buffalo City Municipality in the province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. Qualitative research methods were employed to collect data from thirty participants; twenty were interviewed and 10 participated in a focus group discussion. The most significant finding of this study was that there is a high rate of secondary traumatic stress among social workers, particularly among those who practice in nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), especially those social workers who work with children. The intensity of secondary traumatic stress among social workers appears to be growing steadily, owing to either inadequate or a complete lack of supervision and support on the part of the agencies concerned. The study concludes that social workers are highly at risk of experiencing secondary traumatic stress. The study therefore recommends that policies that are there to protect social workers should be implemented and institutions of higher learning which educate and train social workers need to implement courses in their syllabuses which prepare students for the stresses which they will inevitably encounter while working in the field of social work, particularly secondary traumatic stress.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Anyi, Marynet Ema Tangwe
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Secondary traumatic stress Social workers -- Mental health Social service -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9951 , vital:35207
- Description: The aim of the research study was to investigate the experiences of secondary traumatic stress among social workers who deal with traumatised populations in the Buffalo City Municipality in the province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. Qualitative research methods were employed to collect data from thirty participants; twenty were interviewed and 10 participated in a focus group discussion. The most significant finding of this study was that there is a high rate of secondary traumatic stress among social workers, particularly among those who practice in nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), especially those social workers who work with children. The intensity of secondary traumatic stress among social workers appears to be growing steadily, owing to either inadequate or a complete lack of supervision and support on the part of the agencies concerned. The study concludes that social workers are highly at risk of experiencing secondary traumatic stress. The study therefore recommends that policies that are there to protect social workers should be implemented and institutions of higher learning which educate and train social workers need to implement courses in their syllabuses which prepare students for the stresses which they will inevitably encounter while working in the field of social work, particularly secondary traumatic stress.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018