Stancetaking by university students writing in English as a second language/ non-native language / non- native language: A case of students at Solusi University, Zimbabwe
- Chikara, Tendai Owen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-7128
- Authors: Chikara, Tendai Owen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-7128
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Style , Discourse analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22283 , vital:52013
- Description: The thrust of the study was to investigate the stancetaking strategies by English Second Language (ESL)/ Non‐Native Language learners undertaking undergraduate studies at one university in Zimbabwe. The learners in the study came from a variety of backgrounds but shared one common feature which was the fact that they used English as a Second Language/ Non‐native language/Non‐Native Language. Using a case study approach, the study interviewed these ESL users as well as analysed their essays to establish how the learners used metadiscourse markers to communicate stance. Using insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory, the study sought to establish how the language of appraisal was used in the learners’ essays. Findings indicate that learners had a superficial appreciation of the academic writing genre and thus failed to use metadiscourse markers or resources of appraisal effectively to communicate stance. Differences were noted in the manner that stance was communicated between different faculties and possible explanations were offered for such findings. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-05
- Authors: Chikara, Tendai Owen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-7128
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Style , Discourse analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22283 , vital:52013
- Description: The thrust of the study was to investigate the stancetaking strategies by English Second Language (ESL)/ Non‐Native Language learners undertaking undergraduate studies at one university in Zimbabwe. The learners in the study came from a variety of backgrounds but shared one common feature which was the fact that they used English as a Second Language/ Non‐native language/Non‐Native Language. Using a case study approach, the study interviewed these ESL users as well as analysed their essays to establish how the learners used metadiscourse markers to communicate stance. Using insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory, the study sought to establish how the language of appraisal was used in the learners’ essays. Findings indicate that learners had a superficial appreciation of the academic writing genre and thus failed to use metadiscourse markers or resources of appraisal effectively to communicate stance. Differences were noted in the manner that stance was communicated between different faculties and possible explanations were offered for such findings. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-05
Access to digitised archival collections in National Heritage and Cultural study Centre and International Library of African Music
- Authors: Barbra, Kakumba
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Archives -- Access control , Archival materials -- Access control
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22356 , vital:52030
- Description: The study investigated access to digitised archival collections in two selected institutions in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. This study is significant because it sought to generate insights on adaptability of technology in archives and library operations, and accessibility thereof. This is important for monitoring the accessibility of digitised archival collections at institutions to improve their operations and maximize the global visibility. This study adopted qualitative research methodology. The researcher followed a rigorous methodological path that began with a thorough literature review and the careful and thoughtful posing of research questions and objectives. A purposive sample was chosen from National Heritage and Cultural Studies Centre (NAHECS) and International library of African Music (ILAM) (staff members) and interviewed through face-to-face interviews. The collected data was analysed thematically. The study established that, the type of materials digitised at NAHECS and ILAM are bound books, fragile papers, photographic prints, slides, audio-visual materials,artefacts and documents such as personal letters of early travellers,missionary’s records,traders writing personal file and political parties documents. Secondly, the study established that end users of digitised materials are researchers, students, archivist, librarians, international and local community, composers, musicians, and historians. It also emerged that awareness programmes used to increase public knowledge about access to digitised content in the two study sites include conferences, social media, and television advertisements. However, there are challenges faced in providing access to digitised materials at NAHECS and ILAM. Some of these challenges include lack of funding, unavailability of resources, lack of awareness, and information insecurity. These challenges have made access to digitised archival materials difficult. Based on these findings, it is recommended that archives facilities should be well resourced and archivists be continually trained on access to digitised archival materials. , Thesis (M Bibl) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Barbra, Kakumba
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Archives -- Access control , Archival materials -- Access control
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22356 , vital:52030
- Description: The study investigated access to digitised archival collections in two selected institutions in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. This study is significant because it sought to generate insights on adaptability of technology in archives and library operations, and accessibility thereof. This is important for monitoring the accessibility of digitised archival collections at institutions to improve their operations and maximize the global visibility. This study adopted qualitative research methodology. The researcher followed a rigorous methodological path that began with a thorough literature review and the careful and thoughtful posing of research questions and objectives. A purposive sample was chosen from National Heritage and Cultural Studies Centre (NAHECS) and International library of African Music (ILAM) (staff members) and interviewed through face-to-face interviews. The collected data was analysed thematically. The study established that, the type of materials digitised at NAHECS and ILAM are bound books, fragile papers, photographic prints, slides, audio-visual materials,artefacts and documents such as personal letters of early travellers,missionary’s records,traders writing personal file and political parties documents. Secondly, the study established that end users of digitised materials are researchers, students, archivist, librarians, international and local community, composers, musicians, and historians. It also emerged that awareness programmes used to increase public knowledge about access to digitised content in the two study sites include conferences, social media, and television advertisements. However, there are challenges faced in providing access to digitised materials at NAHECS and ILAM. Some of these challenges include lack of funding, unavailability of resources, lack of awareness, and information insecurity. These challenges have made access to digitised archival materials difficult. Based on these findings, it is recommended that archives facilities should be well resourced and archivists be continually trained on access to digitised archival materials. , Thesis (M Bibl) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Comparison of behaviour between traditional male circumcision initiates of the yesteryears and those of the contemporary epoch in Cala and Mdantsane, Eastern Cape
- Mpateni, Aphiwe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-9179
- Authors: Mpateni, Aphiwe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-9179
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Circumcision , Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22045 , vital:51968
- Description: Unequivocally, the traditional male circumcision as rite of passage in South African communities has been embraced for its role in shaping the behaviour among the initiates. This rite was highly valuable during the yesteryears as the traditional male circumcision initiates portrayed compliance with the society’s moral codes and cultural goalposts. Inopportunely, on the other hand, during the contemporary epoch this rite of passage and the cultural underpinnings embedded in it appear to be eroding and shifting from the initial purpose of inculcating good behaviour and morals. This study seeks to compare the behaviour of the yesteryears’ traditional male circumcision initiates and those of the contemporary epoch in Cala, Sakhisizwe Local Municipality and Mdantsane, Buffalo City Municipality in Eastern Cape. This study aimed to achieve the following objectives: (i) to explore the policy differences informing TMC practices in yesteryears and in the contemporary epoch; (ii) to identify the similarities and differences between the behaviour of the contemporary initiates and those of yesteryears; and (iii) to establish the environmental factors motivating the change of the behaviour apparent among the contemporary initiates as well as those of the yesteryears. This study is underpinned by the socio- cultural perspective, anomie theory, and social learning theory. Methodologically, this study was qualitative in nature, where the data was collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and Key informants interviews. An interview guide with open-ended questions was used to collect the data. A sample size of forty (40) participants was purposively selected for interviews. The data collection process was cross- sectional in design. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data and findings were presented thematically. The study established policy differences informing TMC during the yesteryears and the contemporary epoch, in that the yesteryears’ policy environment was culturally grounded; while the contemporary one’s is informed by the current national constitution and human rights perspectives. In relation to the policy issues, the study further established elements of illusionary interpretation of rights by the contemporary TMC initiates; poor implementation of policy guiding TMC practice. Further, the study revealed behavioural and morality differences between the yesteryears’ and the contemporary TMC initiates. For instance, the yesteryears’ TMC initiates were reported to be more responsible and well- mannered as compared to the contemporary ones. The shortfalls in expected behaviour and morality for the contemporary TMC initiates were attributed to modernization, and education in the contemporary initiation schools, which does not meet the societal expectations. On the environmental factors motivating the change of behaviour of the TMC initiates; Yesteryears’ TMC initiates complying with moral codes and cultural goalposts; Non-compliance to the moral codes and cultural goalposts by the contemporary TMC initiates; Culture of alcoholism during the contemporary epoch. Based on these findings, this study recommends that the government of South Africa should augment the existing TMC policies to ensure that traditional male circumcision as rite of passage achieves its socio-cultural objective of shaping behaviour and morals. The study further recommends training for traditional nurses “amakhankatha” and traditional surgeons “iingcibi”; and hosting cultural events for cultural resuscitation. The conclusions of this study state that the government must work hand in hand with cultural custodians to ensure that traditional male circumcision practice shapes good behaviour and morals of the initiates. This is because glaring gaps associated with the rite. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mpateni, Aphiwe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-9179
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Circumcision , Xhosa (African people) -- Rites and ceremonies
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22045 , vital:51968
- Description: Unequivocally, the traditional male circumcision as rite of passage in South African communities has been embraced for its role in shaping the behaviour among the initiates. This rite was highly valuable during the yesteryears as the traditional male circumcision initiates portrayed compliance with the society’s moral codes and cultural goalposts. Inopportunely, on the other hand, during the contemporary epoch this rite of passage and the cultural underpinnings embedded in it appear to be eroding and shifting from the initial purpose of inculcating good behaviour and morals. This study seeks to compare the behaviour of the yesteryears’ traditional male circumcision initiates and those of the contemporary epoch in Cala, Sakhisizwe Local Municipality and Mdantsane, Buffalo City Municipality in Eastern Cape. This study aimed to achieve the following objectives: (i) to explore the policy differences informing TMC practices in yesteryears and in the contemporary epoch; (ii) to identify the similarities and differences between the behaviour of the contemporary initiates and those of yesteryears; and (iii) to establish the environmental factors motivating the change of the behaviour apparent among the contemporary initiates as well as those of the yesteryears. This study is underpinned by the socio- cultural perspective, anomie theory, and social learning theory. Methodologically, this study was qualitative in nature, where the data was collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and Key informants interviews. An interview guide with open-ended questions was used to collect the data. A sample size of forty (40) participants was purposively selected for interviews. The data collection process was cross- sectional in design. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data and findings were presented thematically. The study established policy differences informing TMC during the yesteryears and the contemporary epoch, in that the yesteryears’ policy environment was culturally grounded; while the contemporary one’s is informed by the current national constitution and human rights perspectives. In relation to the policy issues, the study further established elements of illusionary interpretation of rights by the contemporary TMC initiates; poor implementation of policy guiding TMC practice. Further, the study revealed behavioural and morality differences between the yesteryears’ and the contemporary TMC initiates. For instance, the yesteryears’ TMC initiates were reported to be more responsible and well- mannered as compared to the contemporary ones. The shortfalls in expected behaviour and morality for the contemporary TMC initiates were attributed to modernization, and education in the contemporary initiation schools, which does not meet the societal expectations. On the environmental factors motivating the change of behaviour of the TMC initiates; Yesteryears’ TMC initiates complying with moral codes and cultural goalposts; Non-compliance to the moral codes and cultural goalposts by the contemporary TMC initiates; Culture of alcoholism during the contemporary epoch. Based on these findings, this study recommends that the government of South Africa should augment the existing TMC policies to ensure that traditional male circumcision as rite of passage achieves its socio-cultural objective of shaping behaviour and morals. The study further recommends training for traditional nurses “amakhankatha” and traditional surgeons “iingcibi”; and hosting cultural events for cultural resuscitation. The conclusions of this study state that the government must work hand in hand with cultural custodians to ensure that traditional male circumcision practice shapes good behaviour and morals of the initiates. This is because glaring gaps associated with the rite. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The effectiveness of Bhisho child and youth care Centre youth in conflict with the law rehabilitation programs
- Authors: Mzili, Hlumela
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Juvenile delinquency
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23731 , vital:58619
- Description: Youth in conflict with the law is seemingly becoming a significant problem in South Africa, especially in the Eastern Cape where youth engage in risk-taking activities, such as anti-social behaviour and criminal acts. This study builds on factors contributing to youth delinquency such as negative behaviours of parents, dysfunctional families, high crime rate in communities, poor self-concept, low literacy level, poor socio-economic status and no sense of belonging. Against this backdrop there are programmes put in place as a form of rehabilitation for the youth in an effort to eliminate from amongst them, recidivism that conflicts with the law. However, little importance has been given to the challenges faced when implementing such programmes, such as illiteracy, rebellion, deviance and lack of resilience among youth. This context informed the study’s aim to explore the effectiveness of the rehabilitation programmes at the Bhisho Child and Youth Care Centre. To achieve this aim, the study employed the qualitative research approach to explore the rehabilitation programmes. Data was collected through 20 semi-structured interviews with purposively sampled participants (children/youth and personnel from the centre) ranging from those who perpetrated the heavier crimes to those who perpetrated the least crimes. Collected data was analysed through thematic analysis whereby tape recordings were transcribed, sorted and interpreted under themes that show common cause or commonalities among the research participants. The main findings show that the programmes offered to the youth are effective and play an important role in curbing their criminal behaviour. The acts of the study recommend that the personnel at the Bhisho Child and Youth Care Centre be equipped with more developmental services which can enable them to produce more effectiveness to the programmes offered by the centre. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mzili, Hlumela
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Juvenile delinquency
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23731 , vital:58619
- Description: Youth in conflict with the law is seemingly becoming a significant problem in South Africa, especially in the Eastern Cape where youth engage in risk-taking activities, such as anti-social behaviour and criminal acts. This study builds on factors contributing to youth delinquency such as negative behaviours of parents, dysfunctional families, high crime rate in communities, poor self-concept, low literacy level, poor socio-economic status and no sense of belonging. Against this backdrop there are programmes put in place as a form of rehabilitation for the youth in an effort to eliminate from amongst them, recidivism that conflicts with the law. However, little importance has been given to the challenges faced when implementing such programmes, such as illiteracy, rebellion, deviance and lack of resilience among youth. This context informed the study’s aim to explore the effectiveness of the rehabilitation programmes at the Bhisho Child and Youth Care Centre. To achieve this aim, the study employed the qualitative research approach to explore the rehabilitation programmes. Data was collected through 20 semi-structured interviews with purposively sampled participants (children/youth and personnel from the centre) ranging from those who perpetrated the heavier crimes to those who perpetrated the least crimes. Collected data was analysed through thematic analysis whereby tape recordings were transcribed, sorted and interpreted under themes that show common cause or commonalities among the research participants. The main findings show that the programmes offered to the youth are effective and play an important role in curbing their criminal behaviour. The acts of the study recommend that the personnel at the Bhisho Child and Youth Care Centre be equipped with more developmental services which can enable them to produce more effectiveness to the programmes offered by the centre. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The representation of women in Njabulo Ndebele’s The Cry of Winnie Mandela and Lauretta Ngcobo’s And They Didn’t Die: an African Feminist Perspective
- Authors: Mavuma, Nonkululo Liyasakha
- Date: 2021-03
- Subjects: Feminism , Literature--Women authors
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22379 , vital:52033
- Description: This study seeks to interrogate the presentation of women in selected South African texts written by a male and female South African author, whose central thematic thrust is the role of women in their day-to-day struggles during the apartheid era. An in-depth analysis of the texts enables this dissertation to provide a comparative study of the representation of women in both texts. The study also examines the kinds of fictional representations that are found in the texts and their significance in the emancipation journey of women from the supremacy of apartheid and customary laws. This study is informed by African feminism, focusing on the stance of Obioma Nnaemeka and Molara Ogundipe-Leslie. African feminism is chosen as a framework for exploring the texts because it is a theory shaped by the resistance of African women against Western rule. The theory embraces debates about motherhood and the contestation about the roles of motherhood in a society. The theory ponders how motherhood is a source of empowerment, liberation and achievement in African societies. The theory affirms that women should equip themselves for effective resistance and participation in societal transformation. These two theorists are relevant because they are both committed to a critical investigation that seeks to differentiate present social conditions and their historical development. Their research examines the conceptualization of frameworks aimed at a social and cultural change grounded on the local and everyday experiences of women. The first chapter provides a broad overview of the study. This chapter highlights the significance of the study in terms of what it can contribute to scholarship on the representation of women in South African texts that reflect on the apartheid era, by analysing them through the lens of African feminism. The second chapter provides context to the critical reception of both novels, which outlines the focus of the research. This chapter also provides the theoretical framework, which provides an overview of the relevant theory on African Feminism that informs the study and highlights Nnaemeka and Ogundipe-Leslie’s concepts of ‘Nego-Feminism’ and ‘Stiwanism’. The third chapter focuses on analysing the portrayal of women in the texts, examining their interactions with one another, with men, and the subjugation they endure because of living in a patriarchal society. The fourth chapter provides a comparative study of the texts. Finally, the last chapter provides a conclusion, analysing the research findings. The study thus brings to the fore the similarities and differences in the representation of women in South African texts that were written in different decades by a male and female writer, that are nevertheless highlighting the same issues. Secondly, in exploring how women in the texts challenge the status quo, this research will hopefully expose how women are not constantly compliant and embracing marginalization as some texts present them but can be seen as having emancipative agency. The study, in particular, provides an analysis of the representation of women in the two novels, specifically, intending to compare and contrast the modalities of their representation in these works. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-03
- Authors: Mavuma, Nonkululo Liyasakha
- Date: 2021-03
- Subjects: Feminism , Literature--Women authors
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22379 , vital:52033
- Description: This study seeks to interrogate the presentation of women in selected South African texts written by a male and female South African author, whose central thematic thrust is the role of women in their day-to-day struggles during the apartheid era. An in-depth analysis of the texts enables this dissertation to provide a comparative study of the representation of women in both texts. The study also examines the kinds of fictional representations that are found in the texts and their significance in the emancipation journey of women from the supremacy of apartheid and customary laws. This study is informed by African feminism, focusing on the stance of Obioma Nnaemeka and Molara Ogundipe-Leslie. African feminism is chosen as a framework for exploring the texts because it is a theory shaped by the resistance of African women against Western rule. The theory embraces debates about motherhood and the contestation about the roles of motherhood in a society. The theory ponders how motherhood is a source of empowerment, liberation and achievement in African societies. The theory affirms that women should equip themselves for effective resistance and participation in societal transformation. These two theorists are relevant because they are both committed to a critical investigation that seeks to differentiate present social conditions and their historical development. Their research examines the conceptualization of frameworks aimed at a social and cultural change grounded on the local and everyday experiences of women. The first chapter provides a broad overview of the study. This chapter highlights the significance of the study in terms of what it can contribute to scholarship on the representation of women in South African texts that reflect on the apartheid era, by analysing them through the lens of African feminism. The second chapter provides context to the critical reception of both novels, which outlines the focus of the research. This chapter also provides the theoretical framework, which provides an overview of the relevant theory on African Feminism that informs the study and highlights Nnaemeka and Ogundipe-Leslie’s concepts of ‘Nego-Feminism’ and ‘Stiwanism’. The third chapter focuses on analysing the portrayal of women in the texts, examining their interactions with one another, with men, and the subjugation they endure because of living in a patriarchal society. The fourth chapter provides a comparative study of the texts. Finally, the last chapter provides a conclusion, analysing the research findings. The study thus brings to the fore the similarities and differences in the representation of women in South African texts that were written in different decades by a male and female writer, that are nevertheless highlighting the same issues. Secondly, in exploring how women in the texts challenge the status quo, this research will hopefully expose how women are not constantly compliant and embracing marginalization as some texts present them but can be seen as having emancipative agency. The study, in particular, provides an analysis of the representation of women in the two novels, specifically, intending to compare and contrast the modalities of their representation in these works. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-03
: the representation of rape in Lewis Nkosi’s Mating Birds and Arthur Maimane’s Hate No More
- Authors: Yawa, Sibulele Yola
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: South Africa--Politics and government--1994 , Post-apartheid era--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21134 , vital:47131
- Description: The main aim of this thesis is to provide a literary study through a comparative analysis of how sexual politics are played out in the texts Mating Birds by Lewis Nkosi and Hate No More by Arthur Maimane. It seeks to determine the modalities of representation of rape in each text and also to investigate the extent to which the novels are similar or different in the way in which they represent sexual politics or the politics of rape during the apartheid era. This investigation was done using Frantz Fanon‟s postcolonial theory and, particularly, his seminal work, Black Skin, White Masks. Most importantly, for the purpose of this study, is Fanon‟s chapter on the love/sexual relationships between the man of colour and the white woman. This is helpful as Fanon touches on what he believes the attraction of the man of colour to the white woman stems from. Using Fanon‟s theory, one discovers that the motivation for Ndi Sibiya to allegedly rape Veronica stems from his anger at the system of apartheid and its oppression of black people. This is similar to Philip Mokone‟s case; the novel explicitly states that he was motivated by anger and his rape of Jean Ryan was a form of communication to the white people and the apartheid system. , Thesis (MA) (English) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
- Authors: Yawa, Sibulele Yola
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: South Africa--Politics and government--1994 , Post-apartheid era--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21134 , vital:47131
- Description: The main aim of this thesis is to provide a literary study through a comparative analysis of how sexual politics are played out in the texts Mating Birds by Lewis Nkosi and Hate No More by Arthur Maimane. It seeks to determine the modalities of representation of rape in each text and also to investigate the extent to which the novels are similar or different in the way in which they represent sexual politics or the politics of rape during the apartheid era. This investigation was done using Frantz Fanon‟s postcolonial theory and, particularly, his seminal work, Black Skin, White Masks. Most importantly, for the purpose of this study, is Fanon‟s chapter on the love/sexual relationships between the man of colour and the white woman. This is helpful as Fanon touches on what he believes the attraction of the man of colour to the white woman stems from. Using Fanon‟s theory, one discovers that the motivation for Ndi Sibiya to allegedly rape Veronica stems from his anger at the system of apartheid and its oppression of black people. This is similar to Philip Mokone‟s case; the novel explicitly states that he was motivated by anger and his rape of Jean Ryan was a form of communication to the white people and the apartheid system. , Thesis (MA) (English) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
An analysis of students’ constructions of the ‘fees must Fall’ movement at an historically black university
- Authors: Chandler, Kelly Jean
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Student movements , College students--Political activity , Student protesters
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21058 , vital:46939
- Description: The ‘Fees Must Fall’ movement which occured in 2015 and 2016 was a major national event which affected most higher education institutions in South Africa. This research considers the constructions of the ‘Fees Must Fall’ movement at an historically black university, namely, the University of Fort Hare. Furthermore, the research analyzes how students are positioned in their constructions in relation to the movement. The study aims to contribute to the understanding of the lived experiences of student activists in the 2015 and 2016 ‘Fees Must Fall’ movement at the University of Fort Hare. The data collection method used was a convenience sampling method with seven participants interviewed. Making use of the guidelines of a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis, four primary discourses were identified from the data collected: coercion discourses; fear discourses; financial discourses; and meritocracy discourses. The positions of students were varied and consisted of both agentic and submissive positions, with the student representative council frequently being positioned dominantly. The theoretical framework also included Michel Foucault’s theories of governmentality and biopower which contributed significantly to the understandings of institutional power in the university context. The research is conducted against ethical backdrop of the philosophies and guidelines of postcolonial psychology. The broader context of South Africa is observed and discussed, specifically recognizing the legacy of apartheid and other historical antecedents such as colonization. The issues of transformation, institutional racism, and decolonization are placed at the forefront of this research endeavour. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Psychology) - - University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
- Authors: Chandler, Kelly Jean
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Student movements , College students--Political activity , Student protesters
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21058 , vital:46939
- Description: The ‘Fees Must Fall’ movement which occured in 2015 and 2016 was a major national event which affected most higher education institutions in South Africa. This research considers the constructions of the ‘Fees Must Fall’ movement at an historically black university, namely, the University of Fort Hare. Furthermore, the research analyzes how students are positioned in their constructions in relation to the movement. The study aims to contribute to the understanding of the lived experiences of student activists in the 2015 and 2016 ‘Fees Must Fall’ movement at the University of Fort Hare. The data collection method used was a convenience sampling method with seven participants interviewed. Making use of the guidelines of a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis, four primary discourses were identified from the data collected: coercion discourses; fear discourses; financial discourses; and meritocracy discourses. The positions of students were varied and consisted of both agentic and submissive positions, with the student representative council frequently being positioned dominantly. The theoretical framework also included Michel Foucault’s theories of governmentality and biopower which contributed significantly to the understandings of institutional power in the university context. The research is conducted against ethical backdrop of the philosophies and guidelines of postcolonial psychology. The broader context of South Africa is observed and discussed, specifically recognizing the legacy of apartheid and other historical antecedents such as colonization. The issues of transformation, institutional racism, and decolonization are placed at the forefront of this research endeavour. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Psychology) - - University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
An appraisal of the East London Industrial Development Zone’s role in local innovation, entrepreneurship, and industrial development
- Authors: Masiwa, George Bonginkosi
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Industrialization , Economic development , South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21213 , vital:47406
- Description: This study focuses on the East London Industrial Development Zone (ELIDZ) in South Africa. The ELIDZ strategy came as a response to the need for a robust catalyst for sustainable regional economic development, industrial diversification and to create meaningful employment opportunities in the country. It was supposed to provide customised solutions for various industries including automotive, agro-processing and aqua-culture. However, an Industrial Development Zone should promote innovati on and entrepreneurship to stimulate economic growth and global competitiveness. Economic stagnation, joblessness and inequality continue to be a reality for the previously marginalised groups after 16 years of the ELIDZ despite significant investments in the automotive sector, the growth of companies that supply Mercedes Benz with parts and the establishment and growth of innovative start-up companies at the ELIDZ Science and Technology Park (STP). Massive joblessness, poverty and economic stagnation had followed the collapse of the old industrial parks. The ELIDZ strategy of industrial development came as a response to the demise of the old parks and was meant to become the main vehicle for job creation, local innovation and global competitiveness. This study therefore investigated the extent to which innovation and entrepreneurship have fared in driving sustainable local economic development and how they have impacted jobs at the ELIDZ and within the East London community. The study was qualitative in nature and employed the non-probability sampling technique. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants that included Industrialists, Business Executives that were tenants at the ELIDZ, the Buffalo City Municipal Metro and community members with knowledge of and association with the ELIDZ. This was augmented by desktop and observational data. It was found that innovation and entrepreneurship was still a fairly new phenomenon at the ELIDZ and their flagships had the vision but were not yet driving sustainable local economic development to a large extent. The model lacks adequate diversification as most of the innovation projects are in the renewable energy and information communication spaces. Very few have made it to mass production with downstream industry employment creation for plumbers, artisans and marketers involved in the supply, distribution, instalment and maintenance of the Hotspot and Thin-film solar panels. New industrialists like YEKANI Technologies and Manufacturing and KGI Holdings, already employ some people and have the vision to employ thousands more of young people. The main innovation and entrepreneurship projects of the ELIDZ have had some impact at the grassroots level even though it is still limited. Too few jobs have been created compared to the old industrial parks model. The ELIDZ is therefore playing an important (albeit limited) role as a local employment creator, even though it has not revitalised the Eastern Cape manufacturing landscape. Due to its highly technology driven and specialised skills nature, the ELIDZ model is benefiting the few and therefore has not yet been an effective instrument to resolve the disturbing levels of inequality, poverty and unemployment, that underlie racial, class and gender dynamics in East London. The study concluded that innovation and entrepreneurship projects at the ELIDZ were contributing towards driving sustainable local economic development to some degree. However, due to its narrow industrial focus and highly technical and specialised skills driven business model, it excludes most historically disadvantaged communities and the local academic institutions need to do more to produce the skills relevant to support local innovation and local industrial development in a time when economies rely more on intellectual capabilities rather than natural resources. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
- Authors: Masiwa, George Bonginkosi
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Industrialization , Economic development , South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21213 , vital:47406
- Description: This study focuses on the East London Industrial Development Zone (ELIDZ) in South Africa. The ELIDZ strategy came as a response to the need for a robust catalyst for sustainable regional economic development, industrial diversification and to create meaningful employment opportunities in the country. It was supposed to provide customised solutions for various industries including automotive, agro-processing and aqua-culture. However, an Industrial Development Zone should promote innovati on and entrepreneurship to stimulate economic growth and global competitiveness. Economic stagnation, joblessness and inequality continue to be a reality for the previously marginalised groups after 16 years of the ELIDZ despite significant investments in the automotive sector, the growth of companies that supply Mercedes Benz with parts and the establishment and growth of innovative start-up companies at the ELIDZ Science and Technology Park (STP). Massive joblessness, poverty and economic stagnation had followed the collapse of the old industrial parks. The ELIDZ strategy of industrial development came as a response to the demise of the old parks and was meant to become the main vehicle for job creation, local innovation and global competitiveness. This study therefore investigated the extent to which innovation and entrepreneurship have fared in driving sustainable local economic development and how they have impacted jobs at the ELIDZ and within the East London community. The study was qualitative in nature and employed the non-probability sampling technique. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants that included Industrialists, Business Executives that were tenants at the ELIDZ, the Buffalo City Municipal Metro and community members with knowledge of and association with the ELIDZ. This was augmented by desktop and observational data. It was found that innovation and entrepreneurship was still a fairly new phenomenon at the ELIDZ and their flagships had the vision but were not yet driving sustainable local economic development to a large extent. The model lacks adequate diversification as most of the innovation projects are in the renewable energy and information communication spaces. Very few have made it to mass production with downstream industry employment creation for plumbers, artisans and marketers involved in the supply, distribution, instalment and maintenance of the Hotspot and Thin-film solar panels. New industrialists like YEKANI Technologies and Manufacturing and KGI Holdings, already employ some people and have the vision to employ thousands more of young people. The main innovation and entrepreneurship projects of the ELIDZ have had some impact at the grassroots level even though it is still limited. Too few jobs have been created compared to the old industrial parks model. The ELIDZ is therefore playing an important (albeit limited) role as a local employment creator, even though it has not revitalised the Eastern Cape manufacturing landscape. Due to its highly technology driven and specialised skills nature, the ELIDZ model is benefiting the few and therefore has not yet been an effective instrument to resolve the disturbing levels of inequality, poverty and unemployment, that underlie racial, class and gender dynamics in East London. The study concluded that innovation and entrepreneurship projects at the ELIDZ were contributing towards driving sustainable local economic development to some degree. However, due to its narrow industrial focus and highly technical and specialised skills driven business model, it excludes most historically disadvantaged communities and the local academic institutions need to do more to produce the skills relevant to support local innovation and local industrial development in a time when economies rely more on intellectual capabilities rather than natural resources. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
An exploratory analysis of the challenges faced by police in combating mob justice: a case study of Gqeberha
- Loqani Anelisa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-5947
- Authors: Loqani Anelisa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-5947
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Vigilance committees , Criminal justice, Administration of
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22000 , vital:51928
- Description: Mob justice is a major issue that will continue to occur as long as criminal activities exist. In South Africa, mob justice has become a major challenge for the government, particularly the South African Police Service as well as the society at large. The South African Police Service (SAPS) has partnered with all relevant role-players in the fight against mob justice and other community problems which threaten the safety of inhabitants. However, concerted efforts have also been made by the government to assist the SAPS to address the occurrence and re-occurrence of mob justice by introducing strategies such as visible policing but the problem seems to persist. The study, thus, analyzed the challenges faced by the police that lead to their ineffectiveness in eliminating mob justice. This thesis draws from two theories, namely Structural Violence theory pioneered by Galtung (1969) and Just World Theory (JWT) by Adelstein (1999) to explore the challenges faced by the police in Gqeberha. This study was conducted in the Eastern Cape Province, in Gqeberha within four townships, namely Kwadwesi, Kwazakhele, Motherwell, and New Brighton. The findings gathered by utilizing Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) and semi-structured interviews with a total number of forty-eight (48) respondents comprising of sixteen (16) SAPS members, eight (08) Community Policing Forum (CPF) representatives, four (04) community leaders and twenty (20) community members. This is a qualitative research project in which participants were chosen using purposive sampling. Participants were chosen based on their knowledge and experiences relating to the phenomena being explored. The aim was to gain an in-depth understanding of the challenges encountered by the police in combating mob justice to discover some techniques to improve and strengthen the police service to make communities safer. To analyse the data thematic analysis was utilized. The results of the study indicate that an increase in mob justice in Gqeberha has been reported to be a result of the high rate of crime. However, the fact that people know they will not get arrested for participating in mob justice is one of the concerns that have led to an escalation in mob justice. The study demonstrates that in most incidents the community members have once witnessed in their respective areas, the victims were killed while few survived and in all those incidents only a few arrests were made and in those few arrests, no convictions were made. Based on this issue of arrests, results indicate that the SAPS members are confronting some difficulties in identifying and arresting the perpetrators of mob justice. The reluctance of community members to report mob justice cases and to provide information was found to be the main challenge faced by the police in combating mob justice in Motherwell Cluster precincts. These challenges have been reported to negatively affect police work performance. Further analysis revealed that CPF, community members and community leaders as part of stakeholders who are working together with SAPS are also facing some challenges in addressing this issue of mob justice. The results also indicate that mob justice does not only harm members of the community who are subjected to these occurrences, but also the police, the victims and the perpetrators themselves. Evidence-based techniques to help eradicate mob justice incidents were developed in response to this problem of mob justice. The participants suggested that the police must be provided with adequate manpower, more community patrols and vehicles. It is believed that if the police could act in time and arrest the suspected criminals, a large number of people would be rescued from being killed in mob justice. The respondents also indicated that the police must build good relations with the communities by being visible and transparent in communities. Furthermore, the SAPS participants alluded that when people are sentenced, a community engagement needs to be conducted before those people are released outside as parolees. Other respondents mentioned the issue of education, proposing that the Criminal Justice System (CJS) should frequently conduct awareness campaigns, imbizos and public meetings to teach and inform people about its operations. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
- Authors: Loqani Anelisa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-5947
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Vigilance committees , Criminal justice, Administration of
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22000 , vital:51928
- Description: Mob justice is a major issue that will continue to occur as long as criminal activities exist. In South Africa, mob justice has become a major challenge for the government, particularly the South African Police Service as well as the society at large. The South African Police Service (SAPS) has partnered with all relevant role-players in the fight against mob justice and other community problems which threaten the safety of inhabitants. However, concerted efforts have also been made by the government to assist the SAPS to address the occurrence and re-occurrence of mob justice by introducing strategies such as visible policing but the problem seems to persist. The study, thus, analyzed the challenges faced by the police that lead to their ineffectiveness in eliminating mob justice. This thesis draws from two theories, namely Structural Violence theory pioneered by Galtung (1969) and Just World Theory (JWT) by Adelstein (1999) to explore the challenges faced by the police in Gqeberha. This study was conducted in the Eastern Cape Province, in Gqeberha within four townships, namely Kwadwesi, Kwazakhele, Motherwell, and New Brighton. The findings gathered by utilizing Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) and semi-structured interviews with a total number of forty-eight (48) respondents comprising of sixteen (16) SAPS members, eight (08) Community Policing Forum (CPF) representatives, four (04) community leaders and twenty (20) community members. This is a qualitative research project in which participants were chosen using purposive sampling. Participants were chosen based on their knowledge and experiences relating to the phenomena being explored. The aim was to gain an in-depth understanding of the challenges encountered by the police in combating mob justice to discover some techniques to improve and strengthen the police service to make communities safer. To analyse the data thematic analysis was utilized. The results of the study indicate that an increase in mob justice in Gqeberha has been reported to be a result of the high rate of crime. However, the fact that people know they will not get arrested for participating in mob justice is one of the concerns that have led to an escalation in mob justice. The study demonstrates that in most incidents the community members have once witnessed in their respective areas, the victims were killed while few survived and in all those incidents only a few arrests were made and in those few arrests, no convictions were made. Based on this issue of arrests, results indicate that the SAPS members are confronting some difficulties in identifying and arresting the perpetrators of mob justice. The reluctance of community members to report mob justice cases and to provide information was found to be the main challenge faced by the police in combating mob justice in Motherwell Cluster precincts. These challenges have been reported to negatively affect police work performance. Further analysis revealed that CPF, community members and community leaders as part of stakeholders who are working together with SAPS are also facing some challenges in addressing this issue of mob justice. The results also indicate that mob justice does not only harm members of the community who are subjected to these occurrences, but also the police, the victims and the perpetrators themselves. Evidence-based techniques to help eradicate mob justice incidents were developed in response to this problem of mob justice. The participants suggested that the police must be provided with adequate manpower, more community patrols and vehicles. It is believed that if the police could act in time and arrest the suspected criminals, a large number of people would be rescued from being killed in mob justice. The respondents also indicated that the police must build good relations with the communities by being visible and transparent in communities. Furthermore, the SAPS participants alluded that when people are sentenced, a community engagement needs to be conducted before those people are released outside as parolees. Other respondents mentioned the issue of education, proposing that the Criminal Justice System (CJS) should frequently conduct awareness campaigns, imbizos and public meetings to teach and inform people about its operations. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
Enhancing the psychological strength of adolescent rugby players in South African secondary schools : the effects of Rational-Emotive Behavioural Therapy and Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment Therapy
- Munnik, James Barry https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-4260
- Authors: Munnik, James Barry https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-4260
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Rational emotive behavior therapy , Acceptance and commitment therapy , Psychotherapy
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22111 , vital:51984
- Description: This thesis aimed, firstly, to test the psychological effects of two psychological interventions designed to enhance the psychological strength of competitive athletes; and, secondly, to possibly determine which intervention might be considered superior to the other. The third aim of this thesis was to explore the results of the findings in terms of both their shared and differential theories. The two psychological approaches in question were Rational-Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT) – supplemented with adjunctive Mental Skills Training (MST) techniques and the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach. To test the psychological strengthening effects of both interventions and to compare the results, a non-equivalent pre-test post-test control group design was followed which utilised a control group along with purposive sampling. Various dependent variables were investigated using seven instruments. Variables tested included: - mental wellbeing, irrational beliefs, mental toughness, achievement motivation and competitive anxiety, as well as anger and frustration levels and subjective performance. The instruments used to capture these variables were: - The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF); Shortened General Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (SGABS); the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ); the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT); as well as one five-point Likert question written by the researcher and one question from the Psychological Skills Inventory (PSI). Seventy-one male adolescent rugby players, from three different schools were sourced to take part in this study. Thus 32 (Mage = 17.33; SD = 6= .729) participants from one high school completed the seven-session REBT-Based MST intervention. 21 (Mage = 17.23; SD = .669) from another school completed the seven-module MAC intervention and 18 (Mage = 15.52; SD = .326) from an additional school were used as a control group school. All three group participants filled out the instrument questionnaires prior to undergoing the various interventions and just following it. Each intervention’s sessions were about an hour to an hour and fifteen minutes long. The control group just filled out the instrument questionnaires in about the same time frame that the other schools had their pre- and post-intervention assessments. The results demonstrated that generally both interventions improved the psychological strength of their players more so than the control group, however, the REBT intervention decreased irrationality and improved subjective performance measures more significantly when compared to the other treatment group. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
- Authors: Munnik, James Barry https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-4260
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Rational emotive behavior therapy , Acceptance and commitment therapy , Psychotherapy
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22111 , vital:51984
- Description: This thesis aimed, firstly, to test the psychological effects of two psychological interventions designed to enhance the psychological strength of competitive athletes; and, secondly, to possibly determine which intervention might be considered superior to the other. The third aim of this thesis was to explore the results of the findings in terms of both their shared and differential theories. The two psychological approaches in question were Rational-Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT) – supplemented with adjunctive Mental Skills Training (MST) techniques and the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach. To test the psychological strengthening effects of both interventions and to compare the results, a non-equivalent pre-test post-test control group design was followed which utilised a control group along with purposive sampling. Various dependent variables were investigated using seven instruments. Variables tested included: - mental wellbeing, irrational beliefs, mental toughness, achievement motivation and competitive anxiety, as well as anger and frustration levels and subjective performance. The instruments used to capture these variables were: - The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF); Shortened General Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (SGABS); the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ); the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT); as well as one five-point Likert question written by the researcher and one question from the Psychological Skills Inventory (PSI). Seventy-one male adolescent rugby players, from three different schools were sourced to take part in this study. Thus 32 (Mage = 17.33; SD = 6= .729) participants from one high school completed the seven-session REBT-Based MST intervention. 21 (Mage = 17.23; SD = .669) from another school completed the seven-module MAC intervention and 18 (Mage = 15.52; SD = .326) from an additional school were used as a control group school. All three group participants filled out the instrument questionnaires prior to undergoing the various interventions and just following it. Each intervention’s sessions were about an hour to an hour and fifteen minutes long. The control group just filled out the instrument questionnaires in about the same time frame that the other schools had their pre- and post-intervention assessments. The results demonstrated that generally both interventions improved the psychological strength of their players more so than the control group, however, the REBT intervention decreased irrationality and improved subjective performance measures more significantly when compared to the other treatment group. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
The Relationship Between Food Sharing and Social Cohesion among Local Farmers: a case study of Ntafufu Location, Port St Johns Municipality.
- Mphompo, Aphiwe (https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0370-8007)
- Authors: Mphompo, Aphiwe (https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0370-8007)
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Food supply , Social integration , Food relief
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20981 , vital:46876
- Description: The overall aim of this study was to examine how food sharing at Ntafufu location in Port St Johns (Republic of South Africa), augments social cohesion among local farmers. A mixed-method approach was used for this study. This study used a triangulation research method to measure the correlation between food sharing and social cohesion and to ensure that it is statistically sound, certainly gaining rich data from the study population. Focus groups and questionnaires were used to collect data. The researcher used thematic analysis for qualitative analysis and Statistical Packages for the Social Science (SPSS) for quantitative analysis. The researcher did not include the whole population. The researcher only interviewed selected participants, and these participants were taken from the study population. There were 13 participants for qualitative research and 43 participants for quantitative research totalling 56 participants. The findings revealed that there is a relationship between food sharing and social cohesion. An important finding to emerge in this study is that food sharing alleviates poverty. However, several limitations need to be considered. For instance, witchcraft was mentioned as a challenge for this practice. , Thesis (MSoc) (Anthropology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
- Authors: Mphompo, Aphiwe (https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0370-8007)
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Food supply , Social integration , Food relief
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20981 , vital:46876
- Description: The overall aim of this study was to examine how food sharing at Ntafufu location in Port St Johns (Republic of South Africa), augments social cohesion among local farmers. A mixed-method approach was used for this study. This study used a triangulation research method to measure the correlation between food sharing and social cohesion and to ensure that it is statistically sound, certainly gaining rich data from the study population. Focus groups and questionnaires were used to collect data. The researcher used thematic analysis for qualitative analysis and Statistical Packages for the Social Science (SPSS) for quantitative analysis. The researcher did not include the whole population. The researcher only interviewed selected participants, and these participants were taken from the study population. There were 13 participants for qualitative research and 43 participants for quantitative research totalling 56 participants. The findings revealed that there is a relationship between food sharing and social cohesion. An important finding to emerge in this study is that food sharing alleviates poverty. However, several limitations need to be considered. For instance, witchcraft was mentioned as a challenge for this practice. , Thesis (MSoc) (Anthropology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-02
The perception of police officers towards corruption in South African police services: a case study of Polokwane cluster policing area in Limpopo Province
- Authors: Rathogwa, Emmah Mufanadzo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Corruption , Police corruption , Police misconduct
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27314 , vital:66935
- Description: The 1996 National Crime Prevention Strategy identified corruption within the criminal justice sector as the greatest threat to the governance of security. Police corruption has been a huge obstacle within the South African Police Service’s endeavours to tackle improper activities of police officers. A general definition of corruption is “use of public office for private gain”; this includes bribery and extortion, which involves at least two parties, and other types of malfeasance that a public official can carry out alone, including fraud and embezzlement. The corruption of police officers impinges on the capacity and ability of the entire force in ensuring that all citizens abide by the law. This study explored the perceptions of police officers towards corruption activities in South African Police Services (SAPS) within the Polokwane Cluster (Capricorn District) Policing Area in Limpopo province. In this study, a qualitative research design was used. The researcher used purposive sampling to select participants. For collection of data, semi-structured interviews were used where the researcher interviewed police officers within the Polokwane Cluster Capricorn District Policing Area. The researcher conducted fifty 50 interviews with five police officers from 10 police stations within the Polokwane Cluster Capricorn District Policing Area, namely: Botlokwa, Lebowakgomo, Polokwane,Westernburg, Seshego, Mankweng, Mashashane, Matlala, Mogwadi and Zebediela police stations. In addition, secondary sources were used where the researcher relied on documents from the Independent Police Investigations IPID on statistics on police corruption, among other scales of measurements. For the analysis of data, thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data collected through interviews whilst document analysis was used for analysing data collected from secondary sources. The findings gathered in this study revealed that police corruption is widespread within the Polokwane Cluster Capricorn District Policing Area in Limpopo province due some police officers’ fear of victimisation of their families or loved ones if they expose corrupt acts by other police officers. Furthermore, corruption of the South African Police Services personnel has been reported where potential police recruits are required to pay bribes for them to be placed for the job. Weak leadership within the South African police service and poor policy formulation and implementation have been identified by participants to be some of the main determinants of corruption within the South African Police Services. As a recommendation to counter the adverse effects of police corruption, a number of strategies have been formulated in this study such as the establishment of vibrant anticorruption mechanisms. It is essential for the government to recall passionate former police officials to investigate all the corrupt officials. The South African government should establish a very sophisticated anti-corruption body independent from the SAPS to spearhead the strategy to combat corruption. The recruitment of police personnel should culminate into hiring individuals who would see the police job as a calling and do it passionately. They should firstly target people who choose police related courses are already studying courses in crime investigation from grassroots level. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
- Authors: Rathogwa, Emmah Mufanadzo
- Date: 2021
- Subjects: Corruption , Police corruption , Police misconduct
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27314 , vital:66935
- Description: The 1996 National Crime Prevention Strategy identified corruption within the criminal justice sector as the greatest threat to the governance of security. Police corruption has been a huge obstacle within the South African Police Service’s endeavours to tackle improper activities of police officers. A general definition of corruption is “use of public office for private gain”; this includes bribery and extortion, which involves at least two parties, and other types of malfeasance that a public official can carry out alone, including fraud and embezzlement. The corruption of police officers impinges on the capacity and ability of the entire force in ensuring that all citizens abide by the law. This study explored the perceptions of police officers towards corruption activities in South African Police Services (SAPS) within the Polokwane Cluster (Capricorn District) Policing Area in Limpopo province. In this study, a qualitative research design was used. The researcher used purposive sampling to select participants. For collection of data, semi-structured interviews were used where the researcher interviewed police officers within the Polokwane Cluster Capricorn District Policing Area. The researcher conducted fifty 50 interviews with five police officers from 10 police stations within the Polokwane Cluster Capricorn District Policing Area, namely: Botlokwa, Lebowakgomo, Polokwane,Westernburg, Seshego, Mankweng, Mashashane, Matlala, Mogwadi and Zebediela police stations. In addition, secondary sources were used where the researcher relied on documents from the Independent Police Investigations IPID on statistics on police corruption, among other scales of measurements. For the analysis of data, thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data collected through interviews whilst document analysis was used for analysing data collected from secondary sources. The findings gathered in this study revealed that police corruption is widespread within the Polokwane Cluster Capricorn District Policing Area in Limpopo province due some police officers’ fear of victimisation of their families or loved ones if they expose corrupt acts by other police officers. Furthermore, corruption of the South African Police Services personnel has been reported where potential police recruits are required to pay bribes for them to be placed for the job. Weak leadership within the South African police service and poor policy formulation and implementation have been identified by participants to be some of the main determinants of corruption within the South African Police Services. As a recommendation to counter the adverse effects of police corruption, a number of strategies have been formulated in this study such as the establishment of vibrant anticorruption mechanisms. It is essential for the government to recall passionate former police officials to investigate all the corrupt officials. The South African government should establish a very sophisticated anti-corruption body independent from the SAPS to spearhead the strategy to combat corruption. The recruitment of police personnel should culminate into hiring individuals who would see the police job as a calling and do it passionately. They should firstly target people who choose police related courses are already studying courses in crime investigation from grassroots level. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021
Analysing writing competence of learners in selected secondary schools in Zimbabwe
- Dube, Precious https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9715-4609
- Authors: Dube, Precious https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9715-4609
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: English language -- Composition and exercises , English language -- Rhetoric
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21246 , vital:47436
- Description: Writing has been identified as one of the most essential skills that learners require for their personal development and academic success because the world has become so text-oriented. However, learning to master writing skills is a problem that learners face in Zimbabwean secondary schools. Subsequently, the purpose of this study was to analyse the writing competence of learners in selected secondary schools in the Midlands province of Zimbabwe. Using some aspects of the product-process approach and the cognitive process theory of writing, the study intended to assess the level of writing competence of learners in selected schools in Zimbabwe. The study followed a qualitative approach and adopted a case study research design. A purposive selected sample for the interviews consisted of 40 learners and 8 teachers. Another set of data were collected through document analysis. Both sets of data were analysed thematically. Findings indicated that the secondary school learners in Zimbabwe had challenges related to contextualising the topic, coherence and cohesion. The results further revealed that the language of instruction had an effect on the writing competence of learners and primary school background influenced competence later in secondary schools. The results also showed that although competent and not-so-competent learners shared some similar writing strategies, most of the strategies they used when writing were different. It was also noted that most secondary school teachers did not teach writing skills and most of their teaching methods were teacher centred and therefore unlikely to promote competence in learners. The researcher recommended professional training courses and workshops for teachers, which would help them to teach learners to become competent in writing and in incorporation of ICT in the learning of English Language in secondary schools. It was further recommended that learners should be trained and encouraged to develop a culture of reading, as this is likely to effectively promote their writing skills. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
- Authors: Dube, Precious https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9715-4609
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: English language -- Composition and exercises , English language -- Rhetoric
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21246 , vital:47436
- Description: Writing has been identified as one of the most essential skills that learners require for their personal development and academic success because the world has become so text-oriented. However, learning to master writing skills is a problem that learners face in Zimbabwean secondary schools. Subsequently, the purpose of this study was to analyse the writing competence of learners in selected secondary schools in the Midlands province of Zimbabwe. Using some aspects of the product-process approach and the cognitive process theory of writing, the study intended to assess the level of writing competence of learners in selected schools in Zimbabwe. The study followed a qualitative approach and adopted a case study research design. A purposive selected sample for the interviews consisted of 40 learners and 8 teachers. Another set of data were collected through document analysis. Both sets of data were analysed thematically. Findings indicated that the secondary school learners in Zimbabwe had challenges related to contextualising the topic, coherence and cohesion. The results further revealed that the language of instruction had an effect on the writing competence of learners and primary school background influenced competence later in secondary schools. The results also showed that although competent and not-so-competent learners shared some similar writing strategies, most of the strategies they used when writing were different. It was also noted that most secondary school teachers did not teach writing skills and most of their teaching methods were teacher centred and therefore unlikely to promote competence in learners. The researcher recommended professional training courses and workshops for teachers, which would help them to teach learners to become competent in writing and in incorporation of ICT in the learning of English Language in secondary schools. It was further recommended that learners should be trained and encouraged to develop a culture of reading, as this is likely to effectively promote their writing skills. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
Parenting and moral behaviour: an exploration of young mothers raising children in golf course, Alice, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Nyatanga, Georgina
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: Parenting , Child rearing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22339 , vital:52027
- Description: Regardless of the efforts that have been put forward to reduce adolescent pregnancies on a global scale, the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy is still on the rise, and this has ultimately led to young motherhood to be a common feature in many societies, South Africa inclusive. A number of factors have contributed towards the parenting capacity of young mothers to nurture their children towards developing warranted behavior to be questioned. Owing to this, this study embarked on a journey to explore how young motherhood influences the development of immoral or unwarranted behavior in children in Golf Course, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Informed by the theoretical lenses of the Moral Development Theory, Social Learning Theory, and the Systems Theory; the study aimed to answer the following questions: (i) How does young motherhood influence the development of immoral behavior in children? (ii) What are the types of immoral behaviors that children raised by young mothers are involved in? (iii) What are the possible strategies that can be implemented to curb the prevalence of immoral behavior in children raised by young mothers? The study adopted a qualitative research approach with a case study research design. Data was collected through in depths interviews from the young mothers and key informants. A semi structured interview schedule was used as a data collection instrument. Non-probability sampling technique was used, and the sample of the study was obtained through purposive sampling. Twenty-five participants (twenty young mothers and five key informants) were recruited to participate in the study using the fore mentioned technique. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The study revealed the following aspects: young mothers are confronted with a number of challenges which affect their parenting capacity and nurturing of their children; a majority of children raised by young mothers in Golf Course exhibit a number of unwarranted behavior which is influenced by their family situation and the nature of parenting they receive; lastly training in parenting, availability of child protection services and development of support group services for young mothers were identified as the strategies that can be employed to reduce the development of unwarranted behavior in children raised by young mothers. Based on the findings, the study recommends that government entities together with non-governmental social service providers provide the financial, social support and mental support to young mothers to empower and capacitate them so that they can be able to adopt positive parenting skills which are necessary towards nurturing warranted behavior in children. The study also recommends that young mothers must be conscious of their lifestyle and life choices as these have a direct impact on the behavior of their children. The study concludes that if the conditions of children raised by young mothers are to be enhanced, the prevalence of immoral or unwarranted behavior amongst children raised by young mothers will drop drastically. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
- Authors: Nyatanga, Georgina
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: Parenting , Child rearing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22339 , vital:52027
- Description: Regardless of the efforts that have been put forward to reduce adolescent pregnancies on a global scale, the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy is still on the rise, and this has ultimately led to young motherhood to be a common feature in many societies, South Africa inclusive. A number of factors have contributed towards the parenting capacity of young mothers to nurture their children towards developing warranted behavior to be questioned. Owing to this, this study embarked on a journey to explore how young motherhood influences the development of immoral or unwarranted behavior in children in Golf Course, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Informed by the theoretical lenses of the Moral Development Theory, Social Learning Theory, and the Systems Theory; the study aimed to answer the following questions: (i) How does young motherhood influence the development of immoral behavior in children? (ii) What are the types of immoral behaviors that children raised by young mothers are involved in? (iii) What are the possible strategies that can be implemented to curb the prevalence of immoral behavior in children raised by young mothers? The study adopted a qualitative research approach with a case study research design. Data was collected through in depths interviews from the young mothers and key informants. A semi structured interview schedule was used as a data collection instrument. Non-probability sampling technique was used, and the sample of the study was obtained through purposive sampling. Twenty-five participants (twenty young mothers and five key informants) were recruited to participate in the study using the fore mentioned technique. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The study revealed the following aspects: young mothers are confronted with a number of challenges which affect their parenting capacity and nurturing of their children; a majority of children raised by young mothers in Golf Course exhibit a number of unwarranted behavior which is influenced by their family situation and the nature of parenting they receive; lastly training in parenting, availability of child protection services and development of support group services for young mothers were identified as the strategies that can be employed to reduce the development of unwarranted behavior in children raised by young mothers. Based on the findings, the study recommends that government entities together with non-governmental social service providers provide the financial, social support and mental support to young mothers to empower and capacitate them so that they can be able to adopt positive parenting skills which are necessary towards nurturing warranted behavior in children. The study also recommends that young mothers must be conscious of their lifestyle and life choices as these have a direct impact on the behavior of their children. The study concludes that if the conditions of children raised by young mothers are to be enhanced, the prevalence of immoral or unwarranted behavior amongst children raised by young mothers will drop drastically. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
Socio-cultural factors influencing the interpretation of public health communication of HIV/AIDS messages in selected villages in Lesotho
- Authors: Moqasa, Nketsi Abel
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: Mass media in health education , Communication in medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21235 , vital:47431
- Description: HIV/AIDS remain a major public health concern in Lesotho. The spread of the virus has increased exponentially in recent years despite concerted efforts by government to combat the pandemic through public health communication. Both the literature in health and cultural communication attributes the failure of public health messages on HIV/AIDS to resonate with the target audience to several socio-cultural factors including norms, religion and poverty. Using a qualitative research approach within the theoretical framework of the Culturally Sensitive Model of Communicating Health messages, this study investigated the socio-cultural factors influencing the interpretation of public health communication of HIV/AIDS messages in selected villages in Lesotho. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions involving participants from four villages namely, Ha-Makebe, Ha-Fusi, Ha-Foso and Maqhaka. Findings of the study revealed that various cultural factors including multiple sex partners, inconsistent use of condoms and lack of education contribute to the pervasiveness of HIV/AIDS in Lesotho. The influence of these socio-cultural factors on the understanding of public health communication varies among individuals. The results suggest that some certain socio-cultural factors prevalent in several Lesotho communities encourage people to practise unhealthy lifestyle that increases the chances of contracting HIV/AIDS. Although participants admitted that they were aware of HIV/AIDS messages, they were unanimous that they did not receive the messages as they were intended or expected suggesting that their understanding or interpretation of the messages was moderated by cultural factors. The comments provided by participants attest to the importance of culture in the acceptance and understanding of PHC messages by the target audience. The findings indicate that language and culture exert both positive and negative effects on the reception and acceptance of HIV/AIDS messages. It was also noted by chiefs that the factors aforementioned are not strongly emphasised in the public health communication campaigns aimed at eradication of HIV/AIDS in Lesotho hence, communities are severely impacted by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Health workers on the other hand, confirmed that messages conveyed to communities are culturally sensitive because they consider the culture of the target audience which is Basotho.This study, therefore, recommends that public health communicators should also encourage other stakeholders who are working hard to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS to consider the implementation of socio-cultural factors when designing HIV/AIDS prevention strategies as this will allow the target audience to accept and interpret HIV/AIDS messages positively. Based on the data analysed, it was identified that there are no policies that link HIV/AIDS message design to the local culture which results in a lack of acceptance of PHC messages related to this pandemic. As noted by some participants, most HIV/AIDS messages reflect perspectives of western culture where unlike Lesotho society, some issues like language, age, poverty are not considered. Therefore, HIV/AIDS messages that reflect the culture of the target audience must be taken into consideration during the design and implementation of cultural policies and interventions. It further recommends that clear policies that deal with HIV/AIDS campaigns and culture in Lesotho be formulated. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
- Authors: Moqasa, Nketsi Abel
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: Mass media in health education , Communication in medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21235 , vital:47431
- Description: HIV/AIDS remain a major public health concern in Lesotho. The spread of the virus has increased exponentially in recent years despite concerted efforts by government to combat the pandemic through public health communication. Both the literature in health and cultural communication attributes the failure of public health messages on HIV/AIDS to resonate with the target audience to several socio-cultural factors including norms, religion and poverty. Using a qualitative research approach within the theoretical framework of the Culturally Sensitive Model of Communicating Health messages, this study investigated the socio-cultural factors influencing the interpretation of public health communication of HIV/AIDS messages in selected villages in Lesotho. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions involving participants from four villages namely, Ha-Makebe, Ha-Fusi, Ha-Foso and Maqhaka. Findings of the study revealed that various cultural factors including multiple sex partners, inconsistent use of condoms and lack of education contribute to the pervasiveness of HIV/AIDS in Lesotho. The influence of these socio-cultural factors on the understanding of public health communication varies among individuals. The results suggest that some certain socio-cultural factors prevalent in several Lesotho communities encourage people to practise unhealthy lifestyle that increases the chances of contracting HIV/AIDS. Although participants admitted that they were aware of HIV/AIDS messages, they were unanimous that they did not receive the messages as they were intended or expected suggesting that their understanding or interpretation of the messages was moderated by cultural factors. The comments provided by participants attest to the importance of culture in the acceptance and understanding of PHC messages by the target audience. The findings indicate that language and culture exert both positive and negative effects on the reception and acceptance of HIV/AIDS messages. It was also noted by chiefs that the factors aforementioned are not strongly emphasised in the public health communication campaigns aimed at eradication of HIV/AIDS in Lesotho hence, communities are severely impacted by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Health workers on the other hand, confirmed that messages conveyed to communities are culturally sensitive because they consider the culture of the target audience which is Basotho.This study, therefore, recommends that public health communicators should also encourage other stakeholders who are working hard to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS to consider the implementation of socio-cultural factors when designing HIV/AIDS prevention strategies as this will allow the target audience to accept and interpret HIV/AIDS messages positively. Based on the data analysed, it was identified that there are no policies that link HIV/AIDS message design to the local culture which results in a lack of acceptance of PHC messages related to this pandemic. As noted by some participants, most HIV/AIDS messages reflect perspectives of western culture where unlike Lesotho society, some issues like language, age, poverty are not considered. Therefore, HIV/AIDS messages that reflect the culture of the target audience must be taken into consideration during the design and implementation of cultural policies and interventions. It further recommends that clear policies that deal with HIV/AIDS campaigns and culture in Lesotho be formulated. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
The effects of Zimbabwe’s economic crises on child welfare: a case of Chitungwiza Town
- Authors: Midzi, Tendai
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: Child welfare -- Economic aspects , Crisis management -- Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22401 , vital:52045
- Description: This study examined the effects of Zimbabwe’s economic crisis on the welfare of children (analysed in terms of two indicators of health and education) in Chitungwiza. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i).to assess the effect of Zimbabwe’s economic crisis on the welfare of children in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. (ii). to examine child support strategies that are implemented to sustain children during economic crisis in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. The economic exigencies and shocks spawned by economic crisis on the weak welfare systems of the developing world countries drastically undermine the wellbeing of children. Therefore, this study focused on analysing the economic crises-spawned form and scale of child vulnerabilities at the household and national level because these units provide primary child care in Zimbabwe. This study was underpinned by two frameworks namely, the Social Risk Management Approach (SRMA) and the Transformative Social Protection Framework (T.S.P). The study used a mixed methods or triangulation approach, through use of primary data (quantitative and qualitative data) and secondary data (archival data) as the basis for data collection as well as the analysis. This was guided by a mixed research design specifically a case study and a mini survey. Complementarity of the research methods was achieved through the use of data from household surveys with 100 heads of households (selected through a combination cluster and random sampling) in Chitungwiza Town and in-depth interviews with 1 official from each of the following units; Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, the Ministry of Public Service Labor, and Social Welfare, Ministry of Health and Child care, UNICEF, the National Social Security Authority (NSSA) and Child Line Zimbabwe (selected through a purposive sampling technique). Data was analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyze quantitative data through the use of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 25) and Microsoft Excel 2007. The study revealed that there are so many child vulnerabilities entrenched by the country’s chronic economic crisis that include poor education and health outcomes, drug abuse and juvenile delinquency, early pregnancies and child marriages, child labour and exploitation among others. Social safety nets in place such as BEAM, AMTO and HSCT are to some extent helping vulnerable children but currently these are not covering a significant percentage of children from poor households due to budget, capacity and fund appropriation challenges at the behest of the country’s economic crisis. Household child support strategies such as smallholder agriculture and gardening, informal trading and jobs are to some extent helping in promoting child wellbeing but their potential is undercut by challenges relating to inter alia the hyperinflationary economic environment, regulation and suppressed markets. The study inter alia recommends the institution of transparency and accountability as provided in the 2013 constitution to curb leakages and misallocation of the few resources, the reinstatement of the multicurrency monetary system in order to stabilise the country’s hyperinflationary environment, a transformation of the delivery of social safety nets in terms of targeting and coverage of the poor households, more effective budgeting and resource allocation system, supporting the informal sector and enhanced integration of social work practise in government social protection programs. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
- Authors: Midzi, Tendai
- Date: 2021-01
- Subjects: Child welfare -- Economic aspects , Crisis management -- Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22401 , vital:52045
- Description: This study examined the effects of Zimbabwe’s economic crisis on the welfare of children (analysed in terms of two indicators of health and education) in Chitungwiza. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i).to assess the effect of Zimbabwe’s economic crisis on the welfare of children in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. (ii). to examine child support strategies that are implemented to sustain children during economic crisis in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. The economic exigencies and shocks spawned by economic crisis on the weak welfare systems of the developing world countries drastically undermine the wellbeing of children. Therefore, this study focused on analysing the economic crises-spawned form and scale of child vulnerabilities at the household and national level because these units provide primary child care in Zimbabwe. This study was underpinned by two frameworks namely, the Social Risk Management Approach (SRMA) and the Transformative Social Protection Framework (T.S.P). The study used a mixed methods or triangulation approach, through use of primary data (quantitative and qualitative data) and secondary data (archival data) as the basis for data collection as well as the analysis. This was guided by a mixed research design specifically a case study and a mini survey. Complementarity of the research methods was achieved through the use of data from household surveys with 100 heads of households (selected through a combination cluster and random sampling) in Chitungwiza Town and in-depth interviews with 1 official from each of the following units; Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, the Ministry of Public Service Labor, and Social Welfare, Ministry of Health and Child care, UNICEF, the National Social Security Authority (NSSA) and Child Line Zimbabwe (selected through a purposive sampling technique). Data was analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyze quantitative data through the use of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 25) and Microsoft Excel 2007. The study revealed that there are so many child vulnerabilities entrenched by the country’s chronic economic crisis that include poor education and health outcomes, drug abuse and juvenile delinquency, early pregnancies and child marriages, child labour and exploitation among others. Social safety nets in place such as BEAM, AMTO and HSCT are to some extent helping vulnerable children but currently these are not covering a significant percentage of children from poor households due to budget, capacity and fund appropriation challenges at the behest of the country’s economic crisis. Household child support strategies such as smallholder agriculture and gardening, informal trading and jobs are to some extent helping in promoting child wellbeing but their potential is undercut by challenges relating to inter alia the hyperinflationary economic environment, regulation and suppressed markets. The study inter alia recommends the institution of transparency and accountability as provided in the 2013 constitution to curb leakages and misallocation of the few resources, the reinstatement of the multicurrency monetary system in order to stabilise the country’s hyperinflationary environment, a transformation of the delivery of social safety nets in terms of targeting and coverage of the poor households, more effective budgeting and resource allocation system, supporting the informal sector and enhanced integration of social work practise in government social protection programs. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-01
An appraisal of selected support services rendered by social workers to older persons in De Aar service area, Northern Cape Province
- Authors: Feni, Manezi
- Date: 2020-12
- Subjects: Community health services for older people , Social work with older people , Older people--Services for
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21047 , vital:46925
- Description: This study was an appraisal of selected support services rendered by social workers to older persons in De Aar Service Area, Northern Cape Province in South Africa. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: i) to appraise the nature and extent of the existing support services rendered by social workers to older persons; ii) to explore challenges experienced by older persons receiving support services from social workers; iii) to establish strategies that can be adopted by the Department of Social Development to restructure its interventions to enhance the services rendered to older persons; iv) and to assess measures that can be adopted by the service beneficiaries to ensure that they receive quality services. The study was premised on the theoretical lenses of sociology of weak ties (SWT) theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs model, and Social Exchange theory. The study was prompted by the growing number of elderly people who need the support services rendered by social workers as well as community based care. Methodologically, the study used a qualitative paradigm and was thus guided by the research design which was a case study complemented by explorative and descriptive study design types. The data was collected through in-depth one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and key informants to strengthen the qualitative aspect of the study. This current study used a probability sampling method, specifically a purposive sampling technique, to purposefully select a study sample that has all the characteristics needed to contribute immensely to the phenomenon under study. Using this techniques, thirty-eight (38) participants were selected comprising sixteen (16) elderly persons who were 65 years and above, sixteen (16) Old-age Centre Caregivers, three (3) Generic Social Workers, and three Service Managers. Data was analysed qualitatively through thematic analysis, and revealed among other findings, that the social workers render extensive support to the older persons in De Aar Service Area, they do monthly assessments, conduct research, liaise with various stakeholders such as the DSD, Department of Health, SASSA, Caregivers, Older Persons (as service beneficiaries) and Municipalities in a bid to empower and improve the welfare of older persons. However, the study also showed that older persons receiving support from the Social Workers are experiencing various problems such as chronic illnesses and stress due to old age. Most importantly, the study gaps in the services rendered to older persons by Social Workers are identified and as a result, strategies to cover the gaps are suggested therefrom. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Social Work) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-12
- Authors: Feni, Manezi
- Date: 2020-12
- Subjects: Community health services for older people , Social work with older people , Older people--Services for
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21047 , vital:46925
- Description: This study was an appraisal of selected support services rendered by social workers to older persons in De Aar Service Area, Northern Cape Province in South Africa. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: i) to appraise the nature and extent of the existing support services rendered by social workers to older persons; ii) to explore challenges experienced by older persons receiving support services from social workers; iii) to establish strategies that can be adopted by the Department of Social Development to restructure its interventions to enhance the services rendered to older persons; iv) and to assess measures that can be adopted by the service beneficiaries to ensure that they receive quality services. The study was premised on the theoretical lenses of sociology of weak ties (SWT) theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs model, and Social Exchange theory. The study was prompted by the growing number of elderly people who need the support services rendered by social workers as well as community based care. Methodologically, the study used a qualitative paradigm and was thus guided by the research design which was a case study complemented by explorative and descriptive study design types. The data was collected through in-depth one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and key informants to strengthen the qualitative aspect of the study. This current study used a probability sampling method, specifically a purposive sampling technique, to purposefully select a study sample that has all the characteristics needed to contribute immensely to the phenomenon under study. Using this techniques, thirty-eight (38) participants were selected comprising sixteen (16) elderly persons who were 65 years and above, sixteen (16) Old-age Centre Caregivers, three (3) Generic Social Workers, and three Service Managers. Data was analysed qualitatively through thematic analysis, and revealed among other findings, that the social workers render extensive support to the older persons in De Aar Service Area, they do monthly assessments, conduct research, liaise with various stakeholders such as the DSD, Department of Health, SASSA, Caregivers, Older Persons (as service beneficiaries) and Municipalities in a bid to empower and improve the welfare of older persons. However, the study also showed that older persons receiving support from the Social Workers are experiencing various problems such as chronic illnesses and stress due to old age. Most importantly, the study gaps in the services rendered to older persons by Social Workers are identified and as a result, strategies to cover the gaps are suggested therefrom. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Social Work) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-12
An exploration of factors contributing to gender-based violence among university students in selected universities of South Africa
- Nobevu, luyolo Renald https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-2164
- Authors: Nobevu, luyolo Renald https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-2164
- Date: 2020-11
- Subjects: Gender-based violence , Sexual harassment in education , College students
- Language: English
- Type: Master'stheses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27050 , vital:66243
- Description: Gender-based violence among university students is a major problem in South Africa and the world at large. The incidence of gender-based violence among university students is increasing for both males and females. In South Africa, many university students are likely to be victims of both direct and indirect gender-based violence this brings to doubt the efficacy of policies to address gender-based violence. This study explored factors contributing to gender-based violence among university students in selected universities of South Africa. The study opted for a qualitative research approach to achieve its primary aim. The study used the case study research design. Furthermore, the study utilised a non-probability sampling method and purposive sampling technique to generate a sample size of 25 participants. Participants were selected based on the supposed value they would add to the study. The study employed in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, secondary data, and key informant interviews for the data collection method. There were three focus groups with 4 participants each, and two of the groups comprised university students and one of the key informants. The Modified lifestyle exposure model of personal victimisation and the Gender Role theory formed the theoretical framework that guided the study. The study established that even though many universities have develop policies to address gender-based violence there is poor implementation. This may be the result of not monitoring effectively which led the policy to be invisible to the students only appear on paper not into practice. In addition, many university students who are the victims of gender-based violence do not report their experiences to authorities in their institutions or to the police because of the fear that they can be victimised again or their perpetrators are those who are in authorities. Meanwhile, the universities do not have sufficient programs for GBV , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-11
- Authors: Nobevu, luyolo Renald https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-2164
- Date: 2020-11
- Subjects: Gender-based violence , Sexual harassment in education , College students
- Language: English
- Type: Master'stheses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27050 , vital:66243
- Description: Gender-based violence among university students is a major problem in South Africa and the world at large. The incidence of gender-based violence among university students is increasing for both males and females. In South Africa, many university students are likely to be victims of both direct and indirect gender-based violence this brings to doubt the efficacy of policies to address gender-based violence. This study explored factors contributing to gender-based violence among university students in selected universities of South Africa. The study opted for a qualitative research approach to achieve its primary aim. The study used the case study research design. Furthermore, the study utilised a non-probability sampling method and purposive sampling technique to generate a sample size of 25 participants. Participants were selected based on the supposed value they would add to the study. The study employed in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, secondary data, and key informant interviews for the data collection method. There were three focus groups with 4 participants each, and two of the groups comprised university students and one of the key informants. The Modified lifestyle exposure model of personal victimisation and the Gender Role theory formed the theoretical framework that guided the study. The study established that even though many universities have develop policies to address gender-based violence there is poor implementation. This may be the result of not monitoring effectively which led the policy to be invisible to the students only appear on paper not into practice. In addition, many university students who are the victims of gender-based violence do not report their experiences to authorities in their institutions or to the police because of the fear that they can be victimised again or their perpetrators are those who are in authorities. Meanwhile, the universities do not have sufficient programs for GBV , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-11
The many faces of Beauty and the Beast: A feminist and new historicist approach
- Banks, Monique https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-7050
- Authors: Banks, Monique https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-7050
- Date: 2020-10
- Subjects: Fairy tales in literature , Women and literature
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23862 , vital:61068
- Description: The fairy tale tradition is saturated with tales from male writers, and very little attention has been placed on the tales written by women. The tales which have made their way into the public realm and have been shared and passed down for years and identified as ‘classics’ are those which embody patriarchal ideas and expectations of men and women. Seventeenth century France played an integral role in the development of the fairy tale realm. The context of the French Academy and French Salons allowed writers to share their tales. Popular writer, Charles Perrault, published his collection of tales during this time and they became popular throughout France and other parts of the world. His tales were used as educational tools and, hence, they shared particular messages with their readers. More specific to this research are the patriarchal ideas these tales shared with their readers. At the same time, a number of French women, acting in the salons, also penned and shared their unique tales. Unfortunately, these tales and their writers did not receive the same acceptance as Perrault’s tales in the seventeenth century. Furthermore, as time passed, women writers were still not given equal recognition to male writers. As their tales were, for the most part, ignored by the public, their messages and ideas about gender were not shared with readers and the public this made the fairy tale genre overly patriarchal and gendered in nature. Therefore, the study’s primary focus is to analyse the Beauty and the Beast tales written by women writers from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to the twenty-first century. It is important to make these writers’ literature known in order to broaden the understanding of the fairy tale genre as multi-faceted. Studying the characters, their behaviours and the gendered relationships within each tale provides a deeper understanding of women writers throughout the centuries. Analysing the social context in which each tale was written, along with each tale, presents a sense of how each woman writer continued and/or rejected the gendered ideas of her society. It also provides a picture of the timeline of women’s writing from the earlier centuries until today. To conclude, this study reflects an interesting movement in the fairy tale literature published by women. More recent tales produce more dynamic and empowered characters, who act outside of patriarchal limitations. The Beauty character of more recent tales, for instance, is given more of an independent role than her predecessors are. Ritchie’s female character is placed in a realistic setting and lives with both the ‘Beast’ and his mother, with her courage and bravery emphasising a new position for the female character. She becomes more and more aware of her position as an object to be traded in Carter’s tales and Block’s Beauty and craves the freedom and independence she feels outside of her father’s household, flourishing in the life of a beast. Flinn’s female character steps out of the box of physical beauty and represents a more normalised character. In modern times, the developments between each tale reflect that the ideas of gender are becoming more varied and fluid than earlier societies. The feminism and new historicist analysis of the traditional and remake Beauty and the Beast tales, therefore, highlights particular developments in fairy tale literature, together with shedding a brighter light on fairy tales written by women writers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-10
- Authors: Banks, Monique https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-7050
- Date: 2020-10
- Subjects: Fairy tales in literature , Women and literature
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23862 , vital:61068
- Description: The fairy tale tradition is saturated with tales from male writers, and very little attention has been placed on the tales written by women. The tales which have made their way into the public realm and have been shared and passed down for years and identified as ‘classics’ are those which embody patriarchal ideas and expectations of men and women. Seventeenth century France played an integral role in the development of the fairy tale realm. The context of the French Academy and French Salons allowed writers to share their tales. Popular writer, Charles Perrault, published his collection of tales during this time and they became popular throughout France and other parts of the world. His tales were used as educational tools and, hence, they shared particular messages with their readers. More specific to this research are the patriarchal ideas these tales shared with their readers. At the same time, a number of French women, acting in the salons, also penned and shared their unique tales. Unfortunately, these tales and their writers did not receive the same acceptance as Perrault’s tales in the seventeenth century. Furthermore, as time passed, women writers were still not given equal recognition to male writers. As their tales were, for the most part, ignored by the public, their messages and ideas about gender were not shared with readers and the public this made the fairy tale genre overly patriarchal and gendered in nature. Therefore, the study’s primary focus is to analyse the Beauty and the Beast tales written by women writers from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to the twenty-first century. It is important to make these writers’ literature known in order to broaden the understanding of the fairy tale genre as multi-faceted. Studying the characters, their behaviours and the gendered relationships within each tale provides a deeper understanding of women writers throughout the centuries. Analysing the social context in which each tale was written, along with each tale, presents a sense of how each woman writer continued and/or rejected the gendered ideas of her society. It also provides a picture of the timeline of women’s writing from the earlier centuries until today. To conclude, this study reflects an interesting movement in the fairy tale literature published by women. More recent tales produce more dynamic and empowered characters, who act outside of patriarchal limitations. The Beauty character of more recent tales, for instance, is given more of an independent role than her predecessors are. Ritchie’s female character is placed in a realistic setting and lives with both the ‘Beast’ and his mother, with her courage and bravery emphasising a new position for the female character. She becomes more and more aware of her position as an object to be traded in Carter’s tales and Block’s Beauty and craves the freedom and independence she feels outside of her father’s household, flourishing in the life of a beast. Flinn’s female character steps out of the box of physical beauty and represents a more normalised character. In modern times, the developments between each tale reflect that the ideas of gender are becoming more varied and fluid than earlier societies. The feminism and new historicist analysis of the traditional and remake Beauty and the Beast tales, therefore, highlights particular developments in fairy tale literature, together with shedding a brighter light on fairy tales written by women writers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-10
An analysis of intellectual property awareness among researchers at University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Mawokomayi-Moffat, Betina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7299-7327
- Authors: Mawokomayi-Moffat, Betina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7299-7327
- Date: 2020-09
- Subjects: Intellectual property
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21224 , vital:47418
- Description: This study emerges in the period whereby innovation has become relevant in today’s society. Globally, universities are shifting from being merely centers of learning to becoming entrepreneurial universities as they are commercialising their intellectual property (IP). This study analyses IP awareness among researchers at University of Fort Hare (UFH). The study was informed by the pragmatic paradigm and a mixed-methods design was used to collect data. The study focuses on IP awareness activities conducted between 2016 and 2019, data was collected between January 2020 and November 2020 as there was need for collecting more data from the Innovation Office to supplement the data that was initially collected. Closed ended questionnaires were distributed to researchers at UFH since they are potential IP creators, an open-ended questionnaire was also used to collect data from one key informant from the Innovation Office, and a semi-structured interview was conducted with one key informant from the Innovation Office at UFH. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from qualitative responses on questionnaires, interview responses and the UFH IP policy. Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Microsoft Excel were used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed that the UFH Innovation Office employs various communication strategies to create awareness of IP among researchers and that the Office hosts at least three IP workshops each year. The study found out that methods used to create awareness include social media posts, email communication, distributing booklets and fliers that contain IP information, interactive discussions with IP experts, and small visits to faculty researchers, or research groups to conduct presentations on IP. However, despite these initiatives at the University, the study found out that researchers have a low level of IP awareness and this needs to be addressed by the Innovation Office. Interestingly, the results further indicated that UFH values IP and in responding to the requirements of the Intellectual Property Rights from Publicly Funded Research Act, of 2008, the University established its Technology Transfer Office that is responsible for facilitation of commercialisation of research outputs and creating awareness of IP among researchers. The study recommends the need to improve communication strategies for IP awareness and that the Office should employ diversified strategies to educate researchers about the importance of IP and its protection and that awareness activities should not be a once off activity but continuous. The study also recommends the University and the government to consider incorporating IP modules in the curriculum of all disciplines so that every student and researcher would have the knowledge of IP and how it affects people’s lives. The study also recommends that research and development should be prioritised as innovations emanate from research projects. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-09
- Authors: Mawokomayi-Moffat, Betina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7299-7327
- Date: 2020-09
- Subjects: Intellectual property
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21224 , vital:47418
- Description: This study emerges in the period whereby innovation has become relevant in today’s society. Globally, universities are shifting from being merely centers of learning to becoming entrepreneurial universities as they are commercialising their intellectual property (IP). This study analyses IP awareness among researchers at University of Fort Hare (UFH). The study was informed by the pragmatic paradigm and a mixed-methods design was used to collect data. The study focuses on IP awareness activities conducted between 2016 and 2019, data was collected between January 2020 and November 2020 as there was need for collecting more data from the Innovation Office to supplement the data that was initially collected. Closed ended questionnaires were distributed to researchers at UFH since they are potential IP creators, an open-ended questionnaire was also used to collect data from one key informant from the Innovation Office, and a semi-structured interview was conducted with one key informant from the Innovation Office at UFH. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from qualitative responses on questionnaires, interview responses and the UFH IP policy. Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Microsoft Excel were used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed that the UFH Innovation Office employs various communication strategies to create awareness of IP among researchers and that the Office hosts at least three IP workshops each year. The study found out that methods used to create awareness include social media posts, email communication, distributing booklets and fliers that contain IP information, interactive discussions with IP experts, and small visits to faculty researchers, or research groups to conduct presentations on IP. However, despite these initiatives at the University, the study found out that researchers have a low level of IP awareness and this needs to be addressed by the Innovation Office. Interestingly, the results further indicated that UFH values IP and in responding to the requirements of the Intellectual Property Rights from Publicly Funded Research Act, of 2008, the University established its Technology Transfer Office that is responsible for facilitation of commercialisation of research outputs and creating awareness of IP among researchers. The study recommends the need to improve communication strategies for IP awareness and that the Office should employ diversified strategies to educate researchers about the importance of IP and its protection and that awareness activities should not be a once off activity but continuous. The study also recommends the University and the government to consider incorporating IP modules in the curriculum of all disciplines so that every student and researcher would have the knowledge of IP and how it affects people’s lives. The study also recommends that research and development should be prioritised as innovations emanate from research projects. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-09